高中英语虚拟语气复习课件(共32张PPT)
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If I _h_a_d_n_’_t_c_o_m__e(not come) to this unpleasant place, I __w_o_u_l_d_n_’_t _h_a_v_e_o_p_e_n_e_d__(not open) this inn; If I h__a_d_n_’t__o_p_e_n_e_d(not open) this inn, Iw__o_u_ld_n_’_t_h_a_v_e__m_et (not meet) you;
It’s time that measures s_h_o_u__ld__b_e_t_a_k_e_n_ to protect the environment.
现在：过去式 3) as if /though + 从句 过去：过去完成式
未来：would/could/might+V.
were to + V.
If I h__a_d_n_’t__m_e_t_(not meet) you, itw__o_u_ld_n_’_t_h_a_v_e__h_a_p_p_e_n_ed (not happen).
二. 名词性从句中的虚拟语气。 主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。 1.宾语从句。常见动词： 一个坚持：insist 两个命令：order, command 三条建议：advise, suggest, recommend 四项要求：demand , require, request, ask
2、以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包
括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用 虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。 order, advice, suggestion, recommendation, demand, request, desire
• It’s suggested that the plan (should) be carrieHale Waihona Puke Baidu out.
4. wish + 宾语从句
现在： 过去式 (did/were) 过去： 过去完成式 (had done)
未来： would/could/might+V. should
• I wish I were a bird. (现在)
• I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake. (过去)
Fill in the blanks
I’m wrong. I’m really wrong. I’ve been wrong from the very beginning. I shouldn’t have been married.
If I hadn’t been married, my husband _w__o_u_ld_n__’t_h_a_v_e__d_i_ed___ ( not die); If my husbandh_a_d_n_’_t_d_i_e_d(not die), I _w_o_u_l_d_n_’_t _h_a_v_e_c_o_m_ e (not come) to this unpleasant place;
过去
had done
would/could/should/ might +have done
将来
1.过去式(were) 2. should+ V.(原) 3. were to +V(原)
would/could/should /might +V. (原)
1. If I _h__a_d__(have) a lot of money, I __w_o_u_l_d_b_u_y__ (buy) a ticket.
1. Were there no air, the sky would be black.
2. Had we got enough money, we would have bought a bigger house last year.
3. Should it rain tomorrow, we would not have PE class outside. Were it to rain ..., we would not have…
2.He insisted that I _(s_h_o_u_l_d_)_b_e_ present.
3.The king ordered that the prisoners _(_s_h_o_u_ld_)__b_e_k_i_ll_e_d_ the next day.
4.They requested that we _(_sh_o_u__ld__)_s_e_n_d_t_h_e_m to work there.
Grammar Revision
subjunctive mood
Subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood
I wish I were a bird. If only I were a bird! If I were a bird, I would fly freely in the sky.
have telephoned me. =Jack can’t have arrived yet; i_f_h_e__h_a_d_a_r_r_i_v_e_d,
he would have telephoned me. 3. I would have attended your wedding last night,
你该走了。
should +V.
It’s high time that you went .
It’s high time that you should go.
是该采取措施保护环境了。
It’s time that measures _w_e_r_e_t_a_k_e_n_ to protect the environment.
If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.
与过去相反
主句及从句动词的形式要根据它 所表示的时间作出相应的调整．
虚拟语气
If型特例2：省略 if 的条件从句
从句动词中含有助动词 were, had 或 should 时， 可省略if ，并将were, had 或 should放在句首。
• She loves the baby as if it were her own son. • It seems as if it were spring. • They talked as if they had been friends for
years. • He opened his mouth as if he were to speak.
Jack : Rose, if I hadn’t won the ticket, I wouldn’t have been on board. If I hadn’t been on board, I wouldn’t have met you.
虚拟语气
If型特例1：错综时间条件句
定义：从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同。
这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气 用法。即从句中的动词 使用(should) + 动词 原形 。
1.我们建议Tom去休息一下。 2.他坚决要求我到场。 3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。 4.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。
1.We suggested that Tom (_s_h_o_u_l_d_)_h_a_v_e_a__r_e_st_.
but
/might +have done
Boss Tong’s Classic Lines
我错了,我真的错了,我从一 开始就错了. 我不应该嫁过 来,如果我不嫁过来,我的夫 君也不会死,如果我的夫君不 死,我也不会沦落到这么一个 伤心的地方 ; 如果我不来到 这个伤心的地方,我也不会开 这家店;如果我不开这家店, 我也不会遇到你们;如果我不 遇到你们,这件事也不会发 生……
but I was made to work by my boss. =I would have attended your wedding last night,
_if_I__h_a_d_n_o_t__b_e_en__m__a_d_e_ to work by my boss.
虚拟语气
类似 if 型: 含蓄虚拟条件句
4) If only …(要是…就好了) 动词形式与wish后的宾语从句相同 If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice! If only I could see him again!
一些短语相当于虚拟条件从句（if…）,
其后的句子与虚拟条件主句用法一致。
but for +n(要不是),
without +n,
otherwise(否则)， +句子
or (else) (否则)，
现在/将来 would/could/should /might +V. (原)
过去 would/could/should
• We wish our parents wouldn’t punish us.
(未来)
其他句型中的虚拟语气： 现在： 过去式
1) would rather that - 过去：过去完成式
未来： 过去式
• I would rather you _p_a_id__m__e_(pay) me now.
虚拟语气
虚拟语气的概念
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式.
用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而 是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等；
还可表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议 等。
虚拟语气
1. If 型 Summary
条件 If 从句的谓语形 从句 式
主句的谓语形式
现在
过去式 (were)
would/could/should/ might +V. (原)
1. Without air, we would not live even for five minutes. =
__If__th__e_r_e_w__e_r_e_n__o_a_i_r_,we would not live even for
five minutes. 2. Jack can’t have arrived yet; otherwise he would
1.It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.
2. It’s necessary that we (should) study hard.
3. It is strange that she (should) refuse to come to the party.
Jack : Rose, if I hadn’t won the ticket, I wouldn’t have been on board. If I hadn’t been on board, I wouldn’t have met you.
Before Jack died ,he said: Rose, if we were alive，I would marry you some day.
• My demand is that she (should) come to see me once a week.
• All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory (should) be closed down.
3. It’s necessary / essential/ important/ natural/ strange/ surprising/ a pity /a shame + that --- 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即 (should)+动词原形
• I would rather you _h_a_d__g_o_n_e_ (go) there yesterday.
• Don’t come. I would rather you c__a_m_e__ (come) tomorrow.
过去式
2).It’s (about/high) time +that -
It’s time that measures s_h_o_u__ld__b_e_t_a_k_e_n_ to protect the environment.
现在：过去式 3) as if /though + 从句 过去：过去完成式
未来：would/could/might+V.
were to + V.
If I h__a_d_n_’t__m_e_t_(not meet) you, itw__o_u_ld_n_’_t_h_a_v_e__h_a_p_p_e_n_ed (not happen).
二. 名词性从句中的虚拟语气。 主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。 1.宾语从句。常见动词： 一个坚持：insist 两个命令：order, command 三条建议：advise, suggest, recommend 四项要求：demand , require, request, ask
2、以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包
括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用 虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。 order, advice, suggestion, recommendation, demand, request, desire
• It’s suggested that the plan (should) be carrieHale Waihona Puke Baidu out.
4. wish + 宾语从句
现在： 过去式 (did/were) 过去： 过去完成式 (had done)
未来： would/could/might+V. should
• I wish I were a bird. (现在)
• I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake. (过去)
Fill in the blanks
I’m wrong. I’m really wrong. I’ve been wrong from the very beginning. I shouldn’t have been married.
If I hadn’t been married, my husband _w__o_u_ld_n__’t_h_a_v_e__d_i_ed___ ( not die); If my husbandh_a_d_n_’_t_d_i_e_d(not die), I _w_o_u_l_d_n_’_t _h_a_v_e_c_o_m_ e (not come) to this unpleasant place;
过去
had done
would/could/should/ might +have done
将来
1.过去式(were) 2. should+ V.(原) 3. were to +V(原)
would/could/should /might +V. (原)
1. If I _h__a_d__(have) a lot of money, I __w_o_u_l_d_b_u_y__ (buy) a ticket.
1. Were there no air, the sky would be black.
2. Had we got enough money, we would have bought a bigger house last year.
3. Should it rain tomorrow, we would not have PE class outside. Were it to rain ..., we would not have…
2.He insisted that I _(s_h_o_u_l_d_)_b_e_ present.
3.The king ordered that the prisoners _(_s_h_o_u_ld_)__b_e_k_i_ll_e_d_ the next day.
4.They requested that we _(_sh_o_u__ld__)_s_e_n_d_t_h_e_m to work there.
Grammar Revision
subjunctive mood
Subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood
I wish I were a bird. If only I were a bird! If I were a bird, I would fly freely in the sky.
have telephoned me. =Jack can’t have arrived yet; i_f_h_e__h_a_d_a_r_r_i_v_e_d,
he would have telephoned me. 3. I would have attended your wedding last night,
你该走了。
should +V.
It’s high time that you went .
It’s high time that you should go.
是该采取措施保护环境了。
It’s time that measures _w_e_r_e_t_a_k_e_n_ to protect the environment.
If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.
与过去相反
主句及从句动词的形式要根据它 所表示的时间作出相应的调整．
虚拟语气
If型特例2：省略 if 的条件从句
从句动词中含有助动词 were, had 或 should 时， 可省略if ，并将were, had 或 should放在句首。
• She loves the baby as if it were her own son. • It seems as if it were spring. • They talked as if they had been friends for
years. • He opened his mouth as if he were to speak.
Jack : Rose, if I hadn’t won the ticket, I wouldn’t have been on board. If I hadn’t been on board, I wouldn’t have met you.
虚拟语气
If型特例1：错综时间条件句
定义：从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同。
这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气 用法。即从句中的动词 使用(should) + 动词 原形 。
1.我们建议Tom去休息一下。 2.他坚决要求我到场。 3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。 4.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。
1.We suggested that Tom (_s_h_o_u_l_d_)_h_a_v_e_a__r_e_st_.
but
/might +have done
Boss Tong’s Classic Lines
我错了,我真的错了,我从一 开始就错了. 我不应该嫁过 来,如果我不嫁过来,我的夫 君也不会死,如果我的夫君不 死,我也不会沦落到这么一个 伤心的地方 ; 如果我不来到 这个伤心的地方,我也不会开 这家店;如果我不开这家店, 我也不会遇到你们;如果我不 遇到你们,这件事也不会发 生……
but I was made to work by my boss. =I would have attended your wedding last night,
_if_I__h_a_d_n_o_t__b_e_en__m__a_d_e_ to work by my boss.
虚拟语气
类似 if 型: 含蓄虚拟条件句
4) If only …(要是…就好了) 动词形式与wish后的宾语从句相同 If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice! If only I could see him again!
一些短语相当于虚拟条件从句（if…）,
其后的句子与虚拟条件主句用法一致。
but for +n(要不是),
without +n,
otherwise(否则)， +句子
or (else) (否则)，
现在/将来 would/could/should /might +V. (原)
过去 would/could/should
• We wish our parents wouldn’t punish us.
(未来)
其他句型中的虚拟语气： 现在： 过去式
1) would rather that - 过去：过去完成式
未来： 过去式
• I would rather you _p_a_id__m__e_(pay) me now.
虚拟语气
虚拟语气的概念
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式.
用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而 是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等；
还可表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议 等。
虚拟语气
1. If 型 Summary
条件 If 从句的谓语形 从句 式
主句的谓语形式
现在
过去式 (were)
would/could/should/ might +V. (原)
1. Without air, we would not live even for five minutes. =
__If__th__e_r_e_w__e_r_e_n__o_a_i_r_,we would not live even for
five minutes. 2. Jack can’t have arrived yet; otherwise he would
1.It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.
2. It’s necessary that we (should) study hard.
3. It is strange that she (should) refuse to come to the party.
Jack : Rose, if I hadn’t won the ticket, I wouldn’t have been on board. If I hadn’t been on board, I wouldn’t have met you.
Before Jack died ,he said: Rose, if we were alive，I would marry you some day.
• My demand is that she (should) come to see me once a week.
• All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory (should) be closed down.
3. It’s necessary / essential/ important/ natural/ strange/ surprising/ a pity /a shame + that --- 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即 (should)+动词原形
• I would rather you _h_a_d__g_o_n_e_ (go) there yesterday.
• Don’t come. I would rather you c__a_m_e__ (come) tomorrow.
过去式
2).It’s (about/high) time +that -