单片机实践教学改革的研究的统计

单片机实践教学改革的研究的统计SCM research statistical practice teaching

reform

单片机原理及应用课程是高校计算机、自动化、测控技术及机械等专业的一门必修课程。该课程具有很强的理论性与实践性，在实际教学过程中，必须将理论教学与实践教学紧密结合，才能使学生真正掌握单片机的基础知识并灵活运用于生产实践。

Single-chip microcomputer principle and application of curriculum is the computer, automation, measurement and control technology and machinery of professional a required course. This course has a strong theoretical and practical, in the actual teaching process, must be closely combining theory teaching and practice teaching, to make students grasp the basic knowledge of single chip microcomputer and flexibly applied in production practice.

1 单片机实践教学的现状

1 microcontroller practice teaching present situation

目前，高等学校单片机实验室存在的主要问题是教学内容不足和教学手段落后[1]。验证性实验成了单片机的主要实验类型，实验过程中所用的编程语言为汇编语言。验证性实验的定位是学生根据实验指导书来操作。实验指导书上有实验内容、实验原理、程序流程图和硬件接线。由于实验课时有限，教师只能简单地讲授一下实验的基本思路和操作方法，导致学生在整个实验过程中具有一定的盲目性。学生

也没有循序渐进地去思考实验的意义，只是跟着做了一遍，严重影响了实验教学效果。这样对学生有三方面不利的影响。（1）学生缺乏对硬件的认识，因为实验箱的构造是模块化，学生看不到内部真正的结构。（2）学生的动手能力以及综合应用能力没有得到提高。（3）学生在校期间学习的单片机知识和社会需求有一定差距。因为现在社会上使用的单片机编程都是C语言，而学生仍然使用汇编语言。

At present, the main problems of single chip microcomputer laboratory in colleges and universities is insufficient teaching content and teaching method [1]. Confirmatory experiment is the main experimental types of MCU, assembly language is the programming language used in the experiments. Positioning of verification experiment is students instructions to operate according to the experiment. Experimental guide books have experiment content, experiment principle, program flow chart and hardware connection. Simply due to the limited experiment lesson, the teacher can teach the basic ideas and operation method of the experiment, causes students to have certain blindness in the whole experiment process. Students also does not have to think step by step experiment of meaning, just follow to do it again, seriously affecting the effects of experimental teaching. The adverse effects that there are three aspects for students. (1) the students lack of understanding of the hardware, because the structure of the experiment box is modular, students see the internal structure of real. (2) the students' practical ability

and comprehensive application abilities are not improved. (3) the SCM knowledge and social demand of students during the period of school learning has certain gap. Because now the society using single-chip microcomputer is the C language programming, and students still use assembly language.

2 单片机实践教学内容与方法的改革

2 microcontroller practice teaching content and method reform

2.1 项目导向代替知识体系导向

2.1 project oriented instead of knowledge oriented

对单片机应用系统进行基本的开发是单片机课程教学的目的。大部分高校单片机课程教学大纲都要求几十个学时的理论学习和若干学时的实验，但是教学效果不理想。教师使用传统的教学方法，在教学中以知识体系为导向。而单片机课程的特殊性在于它与实践联系非常紧密，并且包含多门课程的知识，教师和学生都觉得比较难掌握。经过探索与研究，我们对这门课开展项目导向教学法。学生在教师指导下亲自操控项目的全过程，在这一过程中学习掌握教学大纲的内容。学生全部或部分独立组织、安排学习行为，解决项目实施中遇到的困难。提高了学生的兴趣，自然能调动学习的积极性。因此，项目导向教学法是一种典型以学生为中心的教学方法，不再把将教师所掌握的知识技能传递给学生作为追求的目标，或者说不是简单地让学生按照教师的安排和讲授去得到一个结果，而是在教师的指导下，学生去寻找得到这个结果的途径，最终得到结果，并进行展示和自我评价，