高考英语二轮复习阅读教学——深度阅读

或要点图(Anchor chart)：
“2”步曲：学习两个句子。
通过语篇学习“2”个实用句型或长难句，在巩固夯实基础的同时，也能培 养和提高学生自主学习能力。以此篇阅读里的两个长难句为例：
（1）If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible (符合条件) for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid
【一型多用】此句中If ...引导的条件状语从句是个“俏”句型： ①“俏”进“鼓励”里：If you are doing your best, you will not have to worry
about failure. ②“俏”进“建议”里：If you need more information, just let me know in
21. What is special about Summer Company? A. It requires no training before employment. B. It provides awards for running new businesses. C. It allows one to work in the natural environment. D. It offers more summer job opportunities. 22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program? A. 15-18. B. 15-24. C. 15-29. D. 16-17. 23. Which program favors the disabled? A. Jobs for Youth. B. Summer Company. C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program. D. Summer Employment Opportunities.
advance. ③“俏”进“感谢”里：I would appreciate it if you can help me. ④“俏”进 “邀请”里：If there i来自百度文库 a chance, welcome to China，I also would
like to invite you to watch dragon boat racing.
但是在我们现实教学中，对于承载着最
为丰富信息的阅读理解材料讲评中，却存在 着“对答案”、“纠错误”以及“填鸭式” 的讲解上，忽略了引导学生对于好的文本进 行“再学习”的过程，让学生处于被动学习、 被“灌输”的状态。这样弱化了学生的语言 能力训练强度，严重地影响了学生语言形成 能力、观察认知能力和逻辑思维能力的训练 和提升。
通过语篇学习“3”个或者多个重点、常用短语。以此篇阅读 里的3个常用短语为例，并附带针对性的语用训练题： （1）up to 最多有，达到； 翻译：这个帐篷至多能睡十个人。 （2）a variety of 各种各样的 翻译：庆祝会上将会有各种丰富多彩的文艺表演和各种美食。 （3）all (the) year around 一年到头（迁移：the whole year，the entire year） 翻译：昆明是个好地方，全年都暖和。 Key:（1）Up to ten people can sleep in this tent. （2）There will be a variety of colorful brilliant performances and plenty of food and drink during the celebration. （3）Kunming is a good place that is warm all (the) year round.
那么怎样借助教材以外的其他语料，构
建以语篇为载体，以提升学生语言学习能力 为目标的阅读理解评讲模式呢？笔者结合自 己的教学实践，探索出了不被阅读理解题目 本身束缚，不陷入满堂灌式乏味讲解的阅读 理解评讲“四步曲”，即：提炼一篇短文， 学习两个句子，掌握三个短语，会用四个单 词。
以2019年全国卷I的A篇为例： Need a Job This Summer? The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program. Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round. Jobs for Youth If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible (符合条件) for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training. Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities (社区). Summer Company Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses. Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer. Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year. Summer Employment Opportunities (机会) Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups. Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.
（一）常规讲评旧模式
21、22、23题均为事实细节理解题，较简单，一般在文章可以直 接找到或者稍加归纳就可解决。如：第21题根据第五段Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses. 可知，Summer Company 为创业者提供奖金，显然与B项意思一 致，故选B项。第22题根据第八段Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year. 可知，雇佣时的年龄要在16-17岁，于是在12月31日前不能超过 18岁，故选D项。第23题. 根据最后一段最后一句Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.可知，Summer Employment Opportunities 有给残疾的人 提供工作优待，故选D项。A篇阅读题目一般较简单，多多鼓励学 生阅读A篇争取得满分。
“1”步曲：提炼一篇短文。
通过 “循环阅读”来掌握“1”个语篇（段 落或全文）的主旨大意或要点图，训练和提升 学生的逻辑性、批判性思维和概括能力。以此 篇阅读理解的主旨为例： （段落或全文的）主旨大意（What is the main idea of this passage? What is the best title of this passage?）The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs.
（二）阅读增值“四步曲”
常规评讲完之后，我们不可浪费这么好的语料。 因为这篇阅读紧扣《新课标》“人与自我”中第8 项“未来职业发展趋势，个人职业倾向、未来规划 等”和第9项“创新与创业意识”，我们正好可以 借机来开展关于“高中生职业规划”课堂了。在 “规划”前，我们先借助这篇自然“语料”，按照 “四步曲”来吸收“好料”：
（2）Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups. 【译文】通过暑期工项目，学生每年能够得到各种各
样的暑期工作，包括省公共服务机构，以及与之相关 的机构和社区组织。 【理解难点】position n.（一词多义）工作；“across” prep. “遍及，在......各处”；“its”指代的是“the Provincial Public Service”；related adj.相关的。
“3”步曲：掌握三个短语。
employment along with training.
【译文】如果你是生活在该省某些地区的一个十几岁的青少年，你可能有资 格参加这个能提供8周的有偿就业和培训的项目。 【分析】此句是-一个复合句。句中If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the provinces是条件状语从句，从句中living in certain parts of the provinces 是现在分词做后置定语；which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training是一个非限制性定语从句对前面先行词this program进行修饰、 进一步解说。
2020二轮复习阅读理解教 学——文本拓展
《普通高中英语课程标准》明确提出“加 强对学生学习策略的指导，帮助他们形成自 主学习能力”。在此思想引导下的高考真题 越来越注重基础性、综合性、应用性与创新 性，越来越强调英语学科核心素养、立德树 人功能。
这就要求我们在语篇教学中，不仅通过语
篇使学生语言能力得到训练和提升，更要引 领学生关注自我发展，培养他们的创新思维。