外生菌根真菌与丝状真菌混合对红松凋落物降解效能的影响

第30卷第3期生态科学30(3): 315-320 2011年5月Ecological Science May 2011 冯乐，宋福强. 外生菌根真菌与丝状真菌混合对红松凋落物降解效能的影响[J]. 生态科学, 2011. 30(3): 315-320.

FENG Le, SONG Fu-qiang. The impacts of combination of ectomycorrhizal fungi with filamentous fungi on decomposition of Korean-pine litterfall [J]. Ecological Science, 2011. 30(3): 315-320.

外生菌根真菌与丝状真菌混合对红松凋落物降解效能的影响

冯乐，宋福强*

黑龙江大学生命科学学院，黑龙江哈尔滨150080

【摘要】实验以原始红松林中高频出现的丝状真菌（链格孢Alternaria sp.）和两种外生菌根真菌（细粉绒牛肝菌Xerocomus Pulverulentus、大杯伞Clitocybe maxima）为供试菌株，以粉碎的新鲜红松凋落物为分解底物，发酵培养后测定底物的质量损失率，酶活性以及营养元素的变化情况。结果表明，AX处理（Alternaria sp.和X. Pulverulentus混合菌株组合）在60天内质量损失率最高，为18.33%，而混合菌AC处理（Alternaria sp.和C. maxima混合菌株组合）由于产生拮抗作用质量损失较低，为13.27%；20天时，X处理（X. Pulverulentus）产生漆酶活性较高为0.093 U·mL-1，C（C. maxima）和AX处理的酶活性的最高值分别为0.063 U·mL-1和0.047 U·mL-1，而A（Alternaria sp.）处理的纤维素酶活性为0.59 U·mL-1，AC处理为0.57 U·mL-1，AX为0.53 U·mL-1，但是AX处理在50天时再次出现高峰，为0.48 U·mL-1；AX处理底物的营养元素N含量减少幅度最为明显，减少百分率为12.21%，同时，P元素的减少幅度也最大，减少百分率25.82%。研究结果进一步揭示了森林生态系统中不同功能真菌类群对林木有机凋落物降解过程中的作用机制，及真菌类群间的相互作用关系。

关键词：外生菌根菌；丝状真菌；凋落物；降解率；木质纤维素酶

doi:10.3969/j.issn. 1008-8873.2011.03.016 中图分类号：Q178.532 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1008-8873(2011)03-314-06 The impacts of combination of ectomycorrhizal fungi with filamentous fungi on decomposition of Korean-pine litterfall

FENG Le, SONG Fu-qiang*

College of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150080, China

Abstract：Using a common filamentous fungi (Alternaria sp.) and ectomycorrhizal fungi (Xerocomus Pulverulentus and Clitocybe maxima) from original Pinus koraiensis forest, we investigated the ability of different combination of strains to decompose fresh Pinus koraiensis litterfall by measuring mass loss rate, enzymes activity, and N and P contents during fermentation process. The results showed that the total mass loss rate of AX (Alternaria sp. and X. Pulverulentus) reached the highest values (up to 18.33%) after 60 days, while that of AC (Alternaria sp. and C. maxima) was 13.27% because of antagonism. After 20 days the highest laccase activity of X. Pulverulentus,C. maxima and AX was 0.093 U·mL-1, 0.063 U·mL-1and 0.047 U·mL-1, respectively. During the same period, the highest cellulase activity of Alternaria sp., AC and AX was 0.59 U·mL-1, 0.57 U·mL-1 and 0.53 U·mL-1, while cellulase activity of AX reached 0.48 U·mL-1 after 50 days. During the fermentation process, N content of AX decreased significantly by12.21%, and P content by 25.82%.This study further revealed the mechanism of different functional fungi groups to degrade forest litterfall and the interaction among fungal communities.

Key words：Ectomycorrhiza; Filamentous fungi; Litter; Decomposition rate; Lignocellulolytic enzymes

收稿日期：2010-12-03收稿，2011-04-20接受

基金项目: 哈尔滨市科技创新人才研究专项资金项目(编号：2007RFXXN047)；国家自然科学基金 (编号：31070576); 黑龙江省大学高层次人才支持计划项目（生态修复团队）。

作者简介：冯乐（1985—），男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为林木菌根学。E-mail:fengle@

*通讯作者：宋福强，E-mail: 0431sfq@