3.常用的十种动词时态与8种被动语态
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(2) It’s very cloudy. I’m sure it is going to 2ra. ibne. to+动词原形，表示预定的或安排好要进 行的动作，或表示命令、要求等。
again. It’s generally considered rude to stare at people. 6. He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded
by the audience. The plan was supported by those who wish to live on
(send) 8. We were glad that you ___ a gold medal.
(award)
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Suggested answers:
1. are pronounced 2. was educated 3. Shall…be allowed 4. would be asked 5. is being repaiபைடு நூலகம்ed 6. was being looked after 7. has been sent 8. had been awarded
2. He told me that he would give me a gift when he came again.
3. He said he would not stay on even though it rained the next morning.
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Ⅲ.一般将来时
yesterday. 3) You should revise the plan. 4) She asked to see the manager.
I have nothing to do. She hated living alone. I heard someone singing next door.
had been writing
will have been writing
过去 would/ 将来 should write
would be writing
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would have written
would have been writing
Passive voice 被动语态
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什么情况下用被动结构
1. The window was broken. 2. Your hand will be X-rayed. 3. Are these goods made by machinery? 4. It’s suggested that we put off the meeting. 5. It’s hoped that such things would never happen
2. She ___abroad when she was young. (educate)
3. ___ I ___ to go with you? (allow) 4. I didn’t expect that I ___ to speak. (ask) 5. The road ___ at present. (repair) 6. He ___ by his sister the other day. (look after) 7. My brother ___ already ___ to work in Tibet.
1. 谓语构成：shall (第一人称),will (三个人称) + 动词原 形，(shan’t, won’t)
2. 一般将来时的使用：表示将来某一时间发生的动作或 存在的状态。常与tomorrow， tomorrow afternoon, next Sunday morning, next month, next time, in a few days 等表示将来时间的状语连用。
Exercise：
1. 下星期日上午，如果作业不多的话，我会和 我的朋 友去滑冰。
2. 从现在起我会更加努力学习数学和英语。
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(1) Next Sunday morning I will go skating with my friends if there is not much homework. (2) From now on I will work harder at math and English. ※ 其它表示将来时的方式
(2).结尾是辅音字母+y的，变y为i再加-es 如： fly– flies, study– studies
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2. 一般现在时的使用
（1）表示经常发生的或习惯性的行为或状态。常 与always, usually, often, sometimes, at times, every day, on Sundays, never 等。
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5. They gave him something to eat.
She taught me an English song.
They awarded her a special prize.
6. They said that she was a saint.
They believe that he has magic power.
the campus.
Company Logo
Summary
多数情况下主动语态比较自然，只有在一定情况下 需用被动语态，如：
1. 不知动作执行者是谁 2. 不必提到动作执行者 3. 动作执行者是谈话中心 4. 动作执行者模糊 5. 为了措辞上的圆通，避免说出动作执行者 6. 使句子得到更好安排
They reported that he had resigned.
They announced that the contest
was
to be postponed.
Company Logo
各种时态的被动语态
1. The three words ___ in the same way. (pronounce)
1. be going to +动词原形, “打算、准备、计划、即 将”. 常用来表示已经决定或安排妥要做的事，或用 来表示根据某种情况判断，必然会或很可能发生的事。
(1) 今晚我不打算看电视了，因为今晚的电视节目不好。 (2) 天很阴，我肯定天会下雨的。
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(1) I’m not going to watch TV tonight, because tonight’s TV program is not good.
Tenses and Voices
1. 定义：
英语中不同时间发生的动作或情况要用不同的 形式表示，称为时态。英语中共有16种时态。
2.主动语态与被动语态
主语和谓语是主动关系，即主语是动作执行者。 有时也可以是被动关系，即主语时动作的承受着。
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2
4
过去
一般时态 进行时态 完成时态 完成进行时态
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Ⅱ.一般过去时
1.谓语构成: be (was /were)， have (had),其他 人称用过去式。
2.一般过去时的使用：
(1) 表示在过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常 与yesterday, last Sunday morning, last year, two hours ago, just now, the other day, once upon a time等表示过去的时间状语连用。
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一般时态
进行时态
完成时态
完进
现在 am/is/are written
am/are/is being written
have/has been written
过去 was/were written
was/were being written
writing
had been written
（2）在时间状语、条件状语、让步状语从句中常 用一般现在时表达将来时的概念，主句用将来时。
Exercises:
①学生们经常在物理实验室做实验。
②只要明天不刮风我就去滑冰。
③即使明天下雨我也得走。
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1. The students often do experiments in the physics laboratory. 2. As long as it is not windy tomorrow, I will go skating. 3. Even if it rains tomorrow, I will leave.
将来 will /shall be written
will have been written
过将
would /should be written
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would have been written
How to use the passive voices
1. 哪些动词可用于被动语态： 1) Everybody respects him. 2) The doctor operated on her
(2) 在复合句中全句描述过去将来的事，主句用过去将 来时，时间状语、条件状语、让步状语从句用一般过 去时。
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Exercises: 1.吃完早饭，他列了一个购物单，拿起购物筐就出 去采购了。 2.他告诉我下次再来时送我礼物。 3. 他说即使第二天上午下雨，他也不再呆下去了。
1. After breakfast, she wrote a shopping list, took the shopping bag and went out shopping.
They made him work long hours. We saw him enter the house. 3. They made him their leader. We call her Big Sister. We must keep this a secret. 4. She painted the walls yellow. He dyed his hair red. They set her free. We found her in high spirits.
一般时态
现在 write writes
进行时态
am/are/is writing
完成时态
have/has written
完成进行时态
have/has been writing
过去 wrote
将来 will/shall write
was/were writing
had written
will be writing will have written
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2. 哪些结构可变为被动语态 1) 主+谓+宾 2）主+谓+宾+不定式 3）主+谓+宾+名词作补语 4） 主+谓+宾+形容词等作补语 5） 主+谓+直宾+间宾（+其他部分） 6） 主+谓+从句
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1. We support you. 2. We told the boy to go to bed
过去将来
13
现在 将来
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16种时态
一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成 现在完成进
时
行时
一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成 过去完成进
时
行时
一般将来时 将来进行时 将来完成 将来完成进
时
行时
一般过去将 过去将来进 过去将来 过去将来完
来时
行时
完成时 成进行时
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英语中常用的十种时态
Ⅰ.一般现在时
1.谓语构成：
be (am, is, are), have (have, has)其他动词 第三人称单数做主语时，谓语动词词尾加-s或 -es,其余人称作主语时，一律用动词原形。
(1).结尾是-s,-sh, -ch, -x或-o加-es. 如： discusses, finishes, reaches, fixes, goes
again. It’s generally considered rude to stare at people. 6. He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded
by the audience. The plan was supported by those who wish to live on
(send) 8. We were glad that you ___ a gold medal.
(award)
Company Logo
Suggested answers:
1. are pronounced 2. was educated 3. Shall…be allowed 4. would be asked 5. is being repaiபைடு நூலகம்ed 6. was being looked after 7. has been sent 8. had been awarded
2. He told me that he would give me a gift when he came again.
3. He said he would not stay on even though it rained the next morning.
Company Logo
Ⅲ.一般将来时
yesterday. 3) You should revise the plan. 4) She asked to see the manager.
I have nothing to do. She hated living alone. I heard someone singing next door.
had been writing
will have been writing
过去 would/ 将来 should write
would be writing
Company Logo
would have written
would have been writing
Passive voice 被动语态
Company Logo
什么情况下用被动结构
1. The window was broken. 2. Your hand will be X-rayed. 3. Are these goods made by machinery? 4. It’s suggested that we put off the meeting. 5. It’s hoped that such things would never happen
2. She ___abroad when she was young. (educate)
3. ___ I ___ to go with you? (allow) 4. I didn’t expect that I ___ to speak. (ask) 5. The road ___ at present. (repair) 6. He ___ by his sister the other day. (look after) 7. My brother ___ already ___ to work in Tibet.
1. 谓语构成：shall (第一人称),will (三个人称) + 动词原 形，(shan’t, won’t)
2. 一般将来时的使用：表示将来某一时间发生的动作或 存在的状态。常与tomorrow， tomorrow afternoon, next Sunday morning, next month, next time, in a few days 等表示将来时间的状语连用。
Exercise：
1. 下星期日上午，如果作业不多的话，我会和 我的朋 友去滑冰。
2. 从现在起我会更加努力学习数学和英语。
Company Logo
(1) Next Sunday morning I will go skating with my friends if there is not much homework. (2) From now on I will work harder at math and English. ※ 其它表示将来时的方式
(2).结尾是辅音字母+y的，变y为i再加-es 如： fly– flies, study– studies
Company Logo
2. 一般现在时的使用
（1）表示经常发生的或习惯性的行为或状态。常 与always, usually, often, sometimes, at times, every day, on Sundays, never 等。
Company Logo
5. They gave him something to eat.
She taught me an English song.
They awarded her a special prize.
6. They said that she was a saint.
They believe that he has magic power.
the campus.
Company Logo
Summary
多数情况下主动语态比较自然，只有在一定情况下 需用被动语态，如：
1. 不知动作执行者是谁 2. 不必提到动作执行者 3. 动作执行者是谈话中心 4. 动作执行者模糊 5. 为了措辞上的圆通，避免说出动作执行者 6. 使句子得到更好安排
They reported that he had resigned.
They announced that the contest
was
to be postponed.
Company Logo
各种时态的被动语态
1. The three words ___ in the same way. (pronounce)
1. be going to +动词原形, “打算、准备、计划、即 将”. 常用来表示已经决定或安排妥要做的事，或用 来表示根据某种情况判断，必然会或很可能发生的事。
(1) 今晚我不打算看电视了，因为今晚的电视节目不好。 (2) 天很阴，我肯定天会下雨的。
Company Logo
(1) I’m not going to watch TV tonight, because tonight’s TV program is not good.
Tenses and Voices
1. 定义：
英语中不同时间发生的动作或情况要用不同的 形式表示，称为时态。英语中共有16种时态。
2.主动语态与被动语态
主语和谓语是主动关系，即主语是动作执行者。 有时也可以是被动关系，即主语时动作的承受着。
Company Logo
2
4
过去
一般时态 进行时态 完成时态 完成进行时态
Company Logo
Ⅱ.一般过去时
1.谓语构成: be (was /were)， have (had),其他 人称用过去式。
2.一般过去时的使用：
(1) 表示在过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常 与yesterday, last Sunday morning, last year, two hours ago, just now, the other day, once upon a time等表示过去的时间状语连用。
Company Logo
一般时态
进行时态
完成时态
完进
现在 am/is/are written
am/are/is being written
have/has been written
过去 was/were written
was/were being written
writing
had been written
（2）在时间状语、条件状语、让步状语从句中常 用一般现在时表达将来时的概念，主句用将来时。
Exercises:
①学生们经常在物理实验室做实验。
②只要明天不刮风我就去滑冰。
③即使明天下雨我也得走。
Company Logo
1. The students often do experiments in the physics laboratory. 2. As long as it is not windy tomorrow, I will go skating. 3. Even if it rains tomorrow, I will leave.
将来 will /shall be written
will have been written
过将
would /should be written
Company Logo
would have been written
How to use the passive voices
1. 哪些动词可用于被动语态： 1) Everybody respects him. 2) The doctor operated on her
(2) 在复合句中全句描述过去将来的事，主句用过去将 来时，时间状语、条件状语、让步状语从句用一般过 去时。
Company Logo
Exercises: 1.吃完早饭，他列了一个购物单，拿起购物筐就出 去采购了。 2.他告诉我下次再来时送我礼物。 3. 他说即使第二天上午下雨，他也不再呆下去了。
1. After breakfast, she wrote a shopping list, took the shopping bag and went out shopping.
They made him work long hours. We saw him enter the house. 3. They made him their leader. We call her Big Sister. We must keep this a secret. 4. She painted the walls yellow. He dyed his hair red. They set her free. We found her in high spirits.
一般时态
现在 write writes
进行时态
am/are/is writing
完成时态
have/has written
完成进行时态
have/has been writing
过去 wrote
将来 will/shall write
was/were writing
had written
will be writing will have written
Company Logo
2. 哪些结构可变为被动语态 1) 主+谓+宾 2）主+谓+宾+不定式 3）主+谓+宾+名词作补语 4） 主+谓+宾+形容词等作补语 5） 主+谓+直宾+间宾（+其他部分） 6） 主+谓+从句
Company Logo
1. We support you. 2. We told the boy to go to bed
过去将来
13
现在 将来
Company Logo
16种时态
一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成 现在完成进
时
行时
一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成 过去完成进
时
行时
一般将来时 将来进行时 将来完成 将来完成进
时
行时
一般过去将 过去将来进 过去将来 过去将来完
来时
行时
完成时 成进行时
Company Logo
Company Logo
英语中常用的十种时态
Ⅰ.一般现在时
1.谓语构成：
be (am, is, are), have (have, has)其他动词 第三人称单数做主语时，谓语动词词尾加-s或 -es,其余人称作主语时，一律用动词原形。
(1).结尾是-s,-sh, -ch, -x或-o加-es. 如： discusses, finishes, reaches, fixes, goes