选修7-unit5语法-定语从句

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句:
限制性定语从句: 所谓限制性定语从句就是先行词在意义 上不可缺少的定语, 如果去掉, 主句就失 去意义或意义不完整。这种从句和先行 词的关系十分密切, 写时不用逗号和主 句分开。
I was the only person in my office who was
分析两种定语从句省略后的结果
Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students. The town where I live is beautiful. Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.
1. His dog, which was now very old,
became ill and died. 他的狗当时很老了, 生病后就死了。 (去掉从句, 主句的意义仍然完整: 他的 狗生病死了。)
2. Yesterday I met Li Lei, who seemed to
be very busy. 昨天我碰上李雷了,他好象很忙。 (去掉从句, 意义仍然完整: 昨天我碰上 李雷了。)
1. A. This is the place where I lived ten years ago. B. She is going to spend the winter holiday in Macao, which returned to China in 1999.
2. A. He is a man who I can ask for help. B. His father, who works in Beijing, came back yesterday.
有时同一个限制性从句变为非限制 性从句会改变全句的意思。
All the magazines here which have beautiful pictures in them were written by him. 里面有漂亮图画的那些杂志是他写的。 （杂志有带图画和不带图画两类）
All the magazines here, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him.
所有的杂志都是他写的, 里面都有漂亮的图 画。 （杂志只有一种）
当先行词是地名人名、世界上独一 无二的事物或家庭唯一成员时，通 常只用非限制性定语从句。
His father, who works in Beijing, came back yesterday.
Shanghai, which is in East China, is developing rapidly.
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as；关系副词有when, where, why。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：
A. 引导定语从句 B. 代替先行词 C. 在定语从句中担当一个成分
定语 限制性定语从句(restrictive) 从句 非限制性定语从句( non-restrictive）
The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on. 老师告诉 我说汤姆是我唯一的可以依靠的人。 His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. 他妈妈十分地爱他，对他要求很严格。
在of which/whom之前可以使用表达 数量或定位的数词或代词。
1. I am doing different types of exercises, all of which are quite helpful to my health. 2. Many people, some of whom are not overweight, are going on diets. 3. There are 54 students in my class, three of whom come from the US.
Please compare:
Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.
The town where I live is beautiful. Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.
译法上
关系词 的使用
上
限制性定语从 句
译成先行词的 定语：“…… 的”
1. 作宾语时可 省略
2. 可用that 3. 可用who 代
非限制性定语 从句
通常译成主句 的并列句
1. 不可省略
2. 不用that 3. 不可用who
限制性定语从句和先行词关系密切，如果 去掉从句，剩余部分意义不完整；非限制 性定语从句只是先行词的附加说明，如果 去掉从句，意义仍然பைடு நூலகம்整。
Unit 5 Grammar
Revision of Non-restrictive Attributive Clauses
Revision
1. 定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从 句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在 它所修饰的先行词之后。
2. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3. 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
invited. 我是我们办公室唯一被邀请的人。 (如果把从句部分去掉, 整个句子的含义就 变了。)
非限制性定语从句: 非限制性定语从句和主句的关系并不十 分密切, 只是对先行词做些附加说明, 如 果去掉, 主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从 句和主句之间往往用逗号隔开。在讲话 时须停顿，一般不用that引导。
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
形 式 上
不用逗号“ 与主句隔开
，”用逗号“ ，”与主 句隔开
意 义 上
是先行词不可缺 少的定语，如删 除，主句则失去 意义或意思表达 不完整
只是对先行词的补 充说明，如删除， 主句仍能表达完整 的意思。
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别