(新)有机金属化合物形态分析

2
K2S2O8/HCl
Pump Injector Column Cooling tube AFS
FI
Microwave digestion tube GLS
KBH4/KOH
Waste
Schematic diagram of HPLC-MD-AFS system for mercury speciation analysis
Biogeochemical cycling of As in sea water
CH2
+
C2H6
Air 11 D
(CH3)2Hg
Hg0
Soil 1000 Y
Sea water 3200 Y
CH3Hg+ Hg0 Hg+ CH3Hg+ (CH3)2Hg+ Hg2+
CH3S-HgCH3 CH3S-HgCH3 Hg0
?
Why
we have to know the chemical form and concentration of
Species?
Huge difference in toxicity
Hg
Hg0<Hg+<Hg2+<R2Hg<CH3Hg+
C6H5Hg<C2H5Hg< CH3Hg
Sn
(C4H9)3SnCl>Sn(VI) (1000倍)
R3Sn>R2Sn>RSn>Sn(VI) CH3Sn>C2H5Sn>C4H9Sn>C8H17Sn In most case, organometallic compounds are more toxic than its metal form
海洋 动 物
CH3
降解
_
甜菜碱
CH3
+
5. CH3
As
240 180
MMC
EMC
PMC
MC
IF
120
60 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
?
As
?
1) Exactly total As emission from coal
2) Pollution status in ground water 3) Mechanisms of As in Chinese herb
Sn
(C4H9)3SnCl
TBT
TBT-based antifouling paints is the most toxic compound
1
Chromatogram of MMC, DMM, EMC,DEM
GC-AAS can be used for the measurement of Hg, Pb, Sn
Temperature control for the atomization
Rn-Hg Rn-Pb Rn-Sn Hg 500-600 Pb(PbO) 700-800 Sn(SnO) -900
Without antifouling paints
With antifouling paints
1) Pollution status and development trend 2) Accumulation in marine organisms 3) Health effects in sea-food chains 4) Control strategy
Sea Sediment 2.5108 Y
Complicated and Persistent
Biomagnification
Bioaccumulation Bioconcentration
Hydrophilic Hydrophobic
MXCln
CH3.
MX(CH3)n
Bioavailability Biogeochemical cycling Decontamination
有机金属化合物形态分析
江桂斌
环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室, 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 2005年10月21日
Why
to study Hg,Sn and As?
Hg
The total Chinese mercury emission is not well known, but they are obviously large. Some recent estimates suggest they may be about 25% percent of the total global emissions (UNEP 2002). The mercury emissions in China originate from several rather different sources. 1.coal combustion. 2.gold mining and Hg mining 3.industrial usage
1) Exactly total mercury emission 2) Pollution status and development trend 3) Accumulation in Chinese food chain 4) Health effects in some special place
up to now discharged to water systems by humanself
TBT act as anti-fouling Agent has made great economical benefit
IMO has issued a plan to ban the usage of TBT by 2008
+
CH2COO
CH3
CH源自文库3
6. CH 3
4. CH3
As CH3 CH2CH2OH
As CH 3
O
砷胆碱
As
2. OH
HO As OH HO
CH3
7. CH3
As O
OH
3.
海洋 植 物 、海藻
胂糖
1.
OH As O OH
OH
8. CH 3
As O
OH
转化
海水
Arsenite, As(III)
Interchangeable in Chem forms
How to measure species?
1.Chromatography-separation(X detection)
2.Spectrometry-detection(X separation)
Solutions:
combination
Speciation methods for organomercury