英美文化第十一周作业-18英语本一吴亚玲 23231118125
英美文化课后答案 Chapter 2 History
英美文化课后答案2Lecture 2 HistoryTell wheher each of the following statements is true or false1-10: FTTFT/TFTFF 11-20: FTTTF/FTTFFFill in the blanks with the correct information.1. Celt2. Romans3.5th4. Viking; 10665. Hundred Years’ War6. York7. divorce8.11 9. Elizabeth I; Queen Victoria 10. America 11. 1492 12. Virginia; 1607 13. Thanksgiving Day 14. 13 15. Declaration of Independence 16. 4th of July 17. Uncle Tom’s Cabin 18. 1865 19. World War I 20. World War II 21. Puritans, religious, Mayflower 22. Thomas Jefferson, Declaration of Independence, National Day 23. Monroe Doctrine, colonize, interfere 24. agrarian, industrial, Andrew Jackson 25. Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom’s Cabin, slavery 26. 1932, recovery, New DealChoose the correct answer on the basis of what is stated in text.1-10: ABDCD/CBDAB 11-20: CBDCB/DCADD 21-30: BDABA/DCBCBExplain the following terms.1. The Anglo-SaxonsIn the 5th century, the tribes called the Angles and Saxons invaded Britain, coming from northern Europe. By the end of the 5th century, the Anglo-Saxons ruled most of Britain. Their language was called Old English. From them comes the name of “England” and “English”; England came from “Angle-land” meaning the land of the Anglo-Saxons.2. Norman ConquestAfter King Edward died, Duke William of Normandy, from northern France, declared that Edward had promised to let him become the king. On October 14, 1066, William and his army invaded England and defeated the English army. He was made king and crowned in Westminster Abby on Christmas Day, 1066. William is often referred to as William the Conqueror in English history.3. Robin HoodEngland's best-loved legend of Robin Hood is an outlawed Saxon nobleman oppressed by the Normans. He hid i n the forest near Sherwood with his band of followers, called “merry men”. From this secret wood, they went out to rob from the rich to give to the poor with their longbows. Robin Hood has been a popular subject of numerous films, television series, books, comics and plays.4. The Hundred Years’ WarAt the beginning of the 14th century, England developed into a stronger state in Europe. Consequently, the rich wanted to control more markets and the nobles wanted to regain their lost land. When King Edward III of England declared that he should become the French king, the French rejected his claim so he declared war on France in 1337. The war lasted intermittently for116 years, hence being known as the Hundred Years’ War.5. The Civil WarIn January 1642 the Civil War broke out between the Roundheads (supporters of Parliament) and the Cavaliers (supporters of the King). The Civil War ended with the Parliamentary victory and it led to the execution of Charles I, and his son Charles II was driven out of the country in 1649. In addition to that, Oliver Cromwell, the leader of the Roundheads,formed republican England, known as the Commonwealth of England and the English monarchy was abolished.6. American IndiansThe American Indians were the descendants of t he Mongoloid. The name “Indians” was given by Columbus when he mistook them for the people of India. It is believed that about 25,000 years ago the Indians crossed the Bering Strait land bridge to Alaska. The American Indians developed the brilliant civilizations of the Aztecs, the Incas and the Mayas.7. Columbus’ “discovery ” of AmericaIn 1492, Columbus persuaded the king and queen of Spain to finance his voyage. He believed that by sailing west from Europe, he could reach India. Columbus failed to reach India but landed at one of the Caribbean islands instead. He mistook these islands for part of India and called the local people Indians.8. The MayflowerThe Mayflower has a famous position in American history as a symbol of early European colonization. With their religion oppressed by the Church of England, in the autumn of 1620, 102 people sailed to the New World in a ship named the “Mayflower”. Late in December, the Mayflower finally landed in what is now Plymouth, Massachusetts.9. Declaration of IndependenceOn July 2, 1776, the Congress finally determined that these United Colonies ought to be free and independent states. Thomas Jefferson, assisted by Benjamin Franklin, drafted the Declaration of Independence, which the Congress adopted on July 4, 1776. It announced the independence of 13 North American colonies and the birth of a new nation.10. Abraham LincolnIn March 1861 Abraham Lincoln took the office of president. He realized that by making the war a battle against slavery, he could win support for the Union at home and abroad. On January 1, 1863, he issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which granted freedom to all slaves.11. William ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare (1564-1616): English playwright and poet, whose body of works is considered as the greatest in English literature. His plays, many of which were performed at the Globe Theater in London, include historical works, comedies and tragedies. He also composed 154 sonnets and 36 plays.12. Sir Francis BaconSir Francis Bacon (1561-1626): English philosopher, essayist, courtier, jurist, and statesman. His writings include The Advancement of Learning (1605) and The Novum Organum (1620), in which he proposed a theory of scientific knowledge based on observation and experimentation that came to be known as the inductive method.13. Gunpowder PlotGunpowder Plot: Conspiracy of a group of English Catholics to blow up the Houses of parliament where King James I was present on 5 November, 1605. The plan was discovered and Guy Fawkes was caught and burnt alive. In England, 5 November is celebrated with bonfires, fireworks and the burning of the effigies.14. Great Fire of LondonGreat Fire of London (2-5 September, 1666): Worst fire in London’s history. It destroyed a large part of the city, including most of the civic buildings, St. Paul’s Cathedral, 87 parish churches, and about 13,000 houses. It began accidentally at the house of the king’s baker in Pudding Lane near London Bridge.15. Suez Canal CrisisSuez Canal Crisis: A major international incident that arose in 1956 from the decision by Gamal A. Nasser, President of Egypt, to nationalize the Suez Canal, which long had been controlled by Great Britain. After Nasser took over the canal, Britain and France induced Israel to provoke a conflict with Egypt that would serve as a pretext for an Anglo-French invasion of Egypt. The United States, which had been excluded from the planned invasion, denounced it. The incident severely damaged Anglo-American relations.16. John MajorJohn Major (1943- ): British banker and conservative politician, who served as Prime Minister from 1990 to 1997. during this administration, he advocated privatization, anti-inflationary budget discipline, and negotiations for peace in Northern Ireland.17. the First Continental CongressIn September 1774, 55 representatives from all the colonies except Georgia held a meeting in Philadelphia to talk about their troubles with their mother country. The meeting was called the First Continental Congress. At the meeting the majority of representatives still thought they could settle their quarrel with the British by peaceful means. They agreed to refuse to buy British goods, hoping in this way to force the British Government to give in to their demands. They also agreed to raise a volunteer army to protect the colonies if Britain used force to break the boycott.18. Louisiana PurchaseThe most glorious achievement of Jefferson as President was the Louisiana Purchase. The Louisiana Purchase, in 1803, gave Western farmer use of the important Mississippi River waterway, removed the French presence from the western border of US, provided US farmers with vast expanses of land, and furthered American leaders’ vision of creating a “Great Nation”.19. US-Spanish WarThe US-Spanish War broke out in April, 1898, lasted for only 70 days and ended with US as the victor. A peace treaty was signed in December 1898 in Paris. As a result of the war, Spain was forced to cede her former colonies Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines to US; US agreed to pay 20 million dollars for them in an attempt to put a good face on its foreign expansion. Cuba remained a US “protectorate”for some years, while the Philippines were not granted its independence until after the end of WW I. US seized Hawaii from Spain after the US-Spanish War. The US-Spanish War was the first imperialist war for re-dividing the world. It marked a new stage in which US transformed into an imperialist power. From that time the US began its modern history.20. roaring twentiesThe expression of “roaring twenties” is often used to describe the period of American life. The roaring twenties ushered in an exciting time of social change and economic prosperity, as the recession at the end of WW II was quickly replaced by an unprecedented period of financial growth. The stock market soared to unimaginable heights because of the so-called Second Industrial Revolution at the turn of the 20th century, which saw the development of new inventions and machines that changed American society drastically.21. Wathergate ScandalIn the presidential election year 1972, five men of the Committee for the Reelection of the President broke into the Democratic national headquarters at the Water Hotel, Washington, D.C., where they planted bugs in order to get information for the Committee. But unfortunately they were arrested. Although it was never approved that Nixon planned the Watergate break-in or that he ever knew about it beforehand, he was eventually forced out of office because he was found guilty for his effort to avoid the investigation and disclosures.。
18-19Unit4英美文化欣赏
【导读】世界名著《呼啸山庄》是19世纪英国文学的代表作之一。
小说全篇充满强烈的反压迫、争幸福的斗争精神，又始终笼罩着离奇、紧张的浪漫气氛。
阅读下面的节选，对比中外文化中对收养弃儿态度的异同。
Wuthering Heights (excerpt)Ellen Dean's story—Catherine and Heathcliff as children1770. When I was a child，I was always at WutheringHeights，because my mother was a servant of the Earnshawfamily.They are a very old family who have lived in that house forcenturies，as you can see from their names on the stone over thefront door.I grew up with Catherine and Hindley Earnshaw，and wethree played together as children.One day，their father Mr. Earnshaw came back from a long journey.He had travelled sixty miles to Liverpool and back on business，and was very tired.“Look what I've brought you！” he told us all，unwrapping something he was holding carefully in his arms.Catherine and Hindley were expecting presents，and they rushed eagerly to see what it was.They were very disappointed to see only a dirty，blackhaired gipsy child.“I found him all alone in the busy streets of Liverpool，”Mr. Earnshaw explained to them，“and I couldn't leave him to die.He can sleep in your room.”But Hindley and Catherine were angry because they had not received any presents，and refused to let the strange child share their room.However Mr. Earnshaw insisted，and little by little the boy became accepted by the family.He was called Heathcliff，as a first and last name.No one ever discovered who his parents had been.Catherine and he became great friends，but Hindley hated him，and was often cruel to him.Old Mr. Earnshaw was strangely fond of this gipsy child，and frequently punished his son for behaving badly to Heathcliff.Hindley began to be jealous of his father's feelings for Heathcliff，and saw them both as enemies.This situation could not last.As Mr. Earnshaw grew old and ill，Heathcliff became even more his favourite，and Hindley often quarrelled with his father.WhenHindley was sent away to study，I hoped that we would have peace in the house.But then it was that old servant Joseph who caused trouble.He tried to persuade his master to be stricter with the children，and was always complaining that Heathcliff and Catherine did not spend enough time studying the Bible or attending church services.Catherine was a wild，wicked girl in thosedays.We had to watch her every moment ofthe day，to stop her playing her tricks on us.She was proud，and liked giving orders.Butshe had the prettiest face and the sweetestsmile you've ever seen.I could forgive heranything when she came to say she was sorry.She was much too fond of Heathcliff，and the worst punishment we could invent was to keep her separate from him.Her father could no longer understand her or her behaviour，and Catherine did not realize that his illness made him less patient with her.At last Mr. Earnshaw found peace.He died quietly in his chair by the fire one October evening in 1775.The night was wild and stormy，and we were all sitting together in the big kitchen.Joseph was reading his Bible at the table，while Catherine had her head on her father's knee.He was pleased to see her so gentle for once，and she was singing him to sleep.I was glad the old gentleman was sleeping so well.But when it was time to go to bed，Catherine put her arms round her father's neck to say goodnight，and immediately screamed，“Oh，he's dead，Heathcliff! He's dead！”Heathcliff and I started crying loudly and bitterly too.Joseph told me to fetch the doctor，so I ran to the village，although I knew it was too late.When I came back，I went to the children's room，to see if they needed me，and I listened for a moment at their door.They were imagining the dead man in a beautiful distant place，far from the troubles of this world.And as I listened，crying silently，I could not help wishing we were all there safe together.呼啸山庄(节选)艾伦·迪恩讲述的故事——凯瑟琳和希斯克利夫的童年1770年，我小时候一直在呼啸山庄，因为我母亲在欧肖家做佣人。
英美文化大作业
英美文化课程论文院系：机电工程学院专业：机械工程年级： 2014级学生姓名：王萍学号： 2014703059American cultural differences impact on the American literary criticism Written by 王萍(英美文化班，学号2014703059)[Abstract]Along with the cultural history of mankind to produce and produce , extensive and profound impact on the life history of human society , and has shown the long historical development of the national culture differences, contributed to the development of the world's cultural diversity . Against this background of diverse social and cultural development , the Anglo-American literary criticism affected by many factors , including factors that affect cultural differences arising from Anglo-American literary criticism on the most extensive and far-reaching.[Key Words] Cultural values; Cultural differences; Literary Review; Language IntroductionThe paper deals with The impact of cultural differences and American Literature. Development of a British and American Literature and American Literature ReviewEnglish and American Literature and American Literature review is accompanied generated ,British and American Literature is art to show the Anglo-American culture , while theAnglo-American literary criticism is to re-examine and analyze the social and cultural life of theAnglo-American and American literature through this means . Contact between the two is close ,and it is inevitable. Thus , cultural differences impact on American Literature review , it isnecessary to make the history of English and American Literature comb .1.Literary developmentAnglo-American literature is the wisdom of the British and American peoples , but alsomanifestations of Anglo-American culture. American Literature is not only reflected theAnglo-American artistic language , but also the reality of life for the people of British andAmerican art show , the people of the world recognize a window of Anglo-American culture .English as a communication tool , in the Anglo-American literature , British and American peopleare used to express thoughts, feelings . Development of British literary history can be described asa long history , English literature has gone through stages of Anglo-Saxon , Renaissance stage ,neo-classical phase, phase romanticism , realism and modernism stage stage . Throughout the stages of development of English literature , we find that , at every stage in their literary achievements have unique literary and artistic charm. Especially after World War II , the British literary background under today's pluralistic society , is moving in the direction of diversification continue to move forward .The United States is a nation of immigrants , and American literature is also affected by foreign cultures. American literature English literature deeply affected , beginning just blindly imitate English literature . This phenomenon until the 19th century before they get changed, moving away from American literature English literature , toward independence. Early 20th century, American literature to reach prosperity , and to keep pace with English literature , a truly independent nation of their own literature . After World War II , with the development of a pluralistic society , and between the old and the new American literature in the course of fierce struggle , constantly pushing the American literary trend toward diversification .2.Literary ReviewAnglo-American Literary Review is a study of the use of literary theory to practice English and American literature through studies reveal the existence and development of the law of the special things in English and American literature , and in order to provide the basis for theAnglo-American literature . Anglo-American literary criticism is targeted at English literature , English and American literary criticism in the form of literary works based on their different forms into fiction, poetry reviews , essays, reviews , theater reviews and so on.Cultural differences affect the development of the Anglo-American literary criticismThe development of an important carrier of national culture is language , and as a carrier of cultural development language is one of the important national cultural performance . Thus , the development of national culture differences, certainly manifested in this important medium language. In the Anglo-American literature, language used in its creation , is the author of more than think twice refined , condensed , cultural differences influence the Anglo-American literary criticism , largely in British and American differences in the two languages English and American Literature comments impact. Thus , from this point of view to cut language differences , to see theimpact of cultural differences on the Anglo-American literary criticism , more representative and typical.British cultural history in the development of a long history, with good development of traditional national culture . Meanwhile, English as a language of its cultural and historical development of authentic , a unique advantage because it inherits its traditional cultural heritage , has a good performance in the use of sex in literature . Thus , the British literary critic comments on the use of language becomes more formal, the lack of freedom and assertive personality traits on a literature review .America's democratic revolution more successful in the economic, political and cultural aspects have not left any big historical issues and burdens , which reflected the level of some of the language used , is a literary critic of American literature in commenting , more indulgent, no scruples and even traces of the kind of careful , especially when embodied in a number of literary and artistic creativity literature review language use. American literary critic and innovative use of language , and the United States of freedom, democracy , the flamboyant culture of innovation , and "everything is possible " in the spirit of American culture are inseparable .Language is an important carrier of cultural development , cultural development is also an important performance by analyzing literary critic in the British and American literature to comment on the use of language when different performance, we can see that deep-seated cultural differences on the Anglo-American literary criticism significant impact .Impact of cultural differences on the Anglo-American literary criticism British literary critic , is struggling to break free in the cultural heritage and traditional culture between the two. "Hamlet" is Shakespeare 's outstanding masterpiece , Hamlet hero struggling in revenge , " survive or perish ," this is a good demonstration of his indecisive character. The British literary criticism in this period seems to have such a character . 17-18 century English literary criticism from the obvious religious overtones to create absurd way , reflects the British tradition of literary criticism and struggle with breaking the traditional tangle between this period. Since the 20th century, the British literary criticism has undergone enormous changes , the British literary critic for the previous re -examine the theory and thinking , this time the works of English literature review also resulted in a significant change. Overall, the British literary critics , does not appear an influential literary critic , he has influence in the literary critics are also important .British Literary Review 's development direction is toward post-modernism , post-colonialism and feminism direction , which is the development trend of the British literary criticism . Literary criticism to the achievements of previous literary theory longitudinal and transverse re-examine and thinking, construct a new , suitable for today's society of literary theory .Anglo-American countries, women have a strong independent personality , and by three from the four virtues of Chinese women and thus have a stronger impact Obedient heart. Debate on gender issues have not stopped since ancient times . Women have been fighting for equality with men Personality status . The British women to pursue separate and equal station to be earlier than the Chinese women. "Jane Eyre" Jane Eyre is a heroine Pursuit of equality and self- image of women 's knowledge , but through this well-educated woman of humble social status of thinking and anti-Jane tortuous struggle and rich emotional experience, we can appreciate a woman must have an independent personality , self-esteem , not dependent on other people can win the respect and love of others , will have true happiness. The artistic image of Jane Eyre as To be able to shock and infection generations of readers States , it is her self-love and self-esteem as a pillar of life, which makes its ownCharisma can be fully demonstrated .Turning to American literature review , we can not neglect the study of American literature , because since there literature , have a literature review . The United States as a colony , its literature by the Continental literature, especially the impact of English literature and Indian literature. But after all American literature is an independent entity. Of course , as opposed to the American literary criticism is the case.The impact of differences in culture and history of Anglo-American Literary ReviewFor English literature , cultural and historical origins in the development of its cultural and historical traditions is humanism, while Britain's humanism is relative to asceticism and theocratic doctrine purposes . In English literature review, the humanistic point of view for comparing conservative , which is associated with the United Kingdom in the cultural history of the bourgeois revolution is not complete , compromising are inseparable.To get a perfect society , the rapid development of the revolutionary impetus must use only through revolution will provide the impetus for the whole community to support the catalyst on the qualitative development. Thus , with respect to the conservative outlook of humanism , socialinnovation is one of the important conditions for the improvement and development , of course , do not need to improve and develop social conservative concept of humanism . Conservative concept of humanism will really only effective in the necessary time and social development, it is one of the necessary conditions for social improvement and development .American literary criticism for the humanistic point of view , seemed radical at the same time, a special and original . This is largely because the United States did not like the British culture with a heavy historical burden , there is no great cultural and historical legacy. Plus, the American struggle for independence freedom , democracy, freedom of culture formed , the United States in the development of literary criticism can move forward with ease . Thus , the literature review in the United States , distinguished author and literary critic for the humanistic point of view, have adopted a more aggressive attitude , even in many cases also exhibit innovative concept unique style of humanism .We can get a glimpse of the man from the point of view of the doctrine of American literary critic comments on Mark Twain's " Huckleberry Finn Adventures " in . Later many literary critics from the United States agreed to interpret the history of " Huckleberry Finn Adventures " that he truly describes the history of the United States in the article . There are many literary critics have argued that Mark Twain at the end of the article section lets black gained their freedom , avoiding the reality of slavery in the United States , with a social ideology deceptive ; There are many literary critics have argued that black Nuji Mu although often a free man, but in essence, he is an interesting Huck and Tom plaything; but more literary critics believe that Mark Twain is described by a seemingly racist satire to expose the problem of racial discrimination in the United States, from which we can see that the United States has the freedom of literary criticism, democratic, radical and unique creative features.ConclusionAmong the many factors affecting the Anglo-American literary criticism , and cultural factors are more important factors. By the British and American cultural differences in the development of the carrier , cultural differences , and differences in cultural and historical comparative analysis can be found , the two literary critic differences in many different manifestations of literary criticism , and then concludes : Anglo-American cultural differences in Anglo-American literary criticism which plays an important or even dominant influence .Reference1. Kagan,Donald,Steven Ozment,The western Heritage,V olume,New York:Macmillan Publish Company,1991.2. Kissinger,Henry,Diplomacy,New York:Simon & Schuster Paerbacks,1994.3. John Gribbin,Science:A History [M].London:Penuin press,20024.卢晓江. 《自然科学史十二讲》，北京：中国轻工业出版社，2006，8.。
英美文化作业：英美文化差异(英文版)
英美文化作业：英美文化差异(英文版)-标准化文件发布号：（9456-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KIIthe differences of British and American cultureThe British are, in some ways, less conservative than Americans - the drinking age is 18, not 21, homosexual civil unions are legal, and abortion hasn't been a serious political issue in years. Mixing religion and politics is extremely rare in the UK. On the other hand, there are stricter controls on some things - it's much harder to get a driving licence, and the age requirement is higher than in most states, there are speed cameras everwhere, CCTV cameras in many public places (although they may or may not be working), and carrying weapons or other objects for "self defence" is illegal (in particular, note that pepper spray is illegal).Getting into a debate about the right to bear arms will be very time consuming, and may also lead people to think that you're a gun-nut before they've got to know you properly.Smoking in enclosed public places is illegal that includes pubs, the underground, train stations... more or less any non-residential building actually... (similar to New York, so not so much of a cultural difference there).The British apparently have a wider vocabulary of swear words than Americans. While most Britons will use them fairly freely in a social setting, things are a lot more reserved in formal settings & talking to strangers.I've not yet encountered an American "pub" which bears more than a passing resemblance to a typical British pub. People might go to a pub just to drink and socialise, have a pub lunch, or as part of an attempt to get alchohol poisioning (otherwise know as a "pub crawl"), as well as to watch sporting fixtures (which seems to be the main purpose in America). Going to the pub does not usually imply getting drunk. Although the drinking age is 18, bartenders are supposed to ID anyone who looks under 21.Though I doubt your friend will do much driving, he should be aware of the following things: Most cars in the UK have manual transmission. Cars are smaller and more efficient, petrol is more expensive. Speed limits are higher, but enforced more rigourously. Driving in London is not worth it. Central London has a congestioncharge, and is very congested, and the major motorways around London are thick with traffic at peak times. Roundabouts ("traffic circles") are very common and are used at motorway junctions. In rural areas, it's not uncommon to drive down narrow single track roads with tall hedges on either side.The UK education system works differently, as he's probably aware. Asking people about their "High School" "GPA" "Major" or "Minor" will make people think he assumes that things work the same in the UK as in the US. In the UK, "High School" is roughly equivalent to secondary school and college (college is not used to mean university). Important exams are GCSEs and A levels, which are graded with letters and related to specific subjects. There are no majors and minors in the UK university system - there's just whatever degree you're studying.。
英美文化第十二周作业-18英语本一吴亚玲 23231118125
英美文化第十二周作业P1476. A social movement is possible only when there are organizations, and spontaneous actions. （T）P1482. The most notorious terrorist group against black civil rights workers in the South was known as D.A. the Black MuslimsB. Federal Bureau of InvestigationC. Student for A Democratic SocietyD. Ku Klux Klan3. The reason why many young people were involved in the social movement of the 1960s was that A.A. they resented traditional white male values in US society.B. they love America so muchC. they thought they knew better than their teachersD. they viewed the adult world with grave doubt.P1491.On February 1, 1960, 4 black students from a black college inGreensboro, North Carolina, began their protest against the racial segregation laws by such tactics as sit-ins, thus beginning the civil rights movement.8. In the summer of 1963, hundreds of thousands of peaceful demonstrators，marched to Washington, D.C，where Martin Luther King, gave the famous “I have a dream” speech.P1501.Greensboro Sit-inOn February 1, 1960, 4 freshmen from a black college in Greensboro, North Carolina, sat down at a department lunch counter and ordered coffee. When refused, they continued to sit at the counter, openly defying the segregation law prevailing in the state. The next day, more students joined them. Thus began the civil rights movement, which spread from the south to the north. Later, this quiet “sit-in” became the major nonviolent direct action tactics to be used by black civil rights activists.The civil rights movement produced such great leaders as Martin Luther King, Jr., and Malcolm X, who inspired a generation of both blacks and whites to devote their lives to fighting for racial equality in the U.S.4. Martin Luther King, Jr.①.An Atlanta-born Baptist minister: the leader of the Southern ChristianLeadership Conference during the civil rights movement of the 1960s.②.To promote his philosophy of nonviolent protest against segregationand other kinds of social injustice, King organized a series of"marches"——the March on Washington of August, 1963, when King delivered his famous "I have a Dream" speech.③.As a civil rights leader, King worked not only to end racialdiscrimination (种族歧视) and poverty, but also to raise the self-image of the blacks.④.Due to his strong belief in nonviolent peaceful protest, King wasawarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964.⑤.He was assassinated in the city of Memphis(孟斐斯) in April 1968. Results of the civil rights movement●Legal segregation ended in the South.●Southern Afro-Americans can vote.●But Racism is still a problem.P150Questions1.What were the major social movements of the 1960s? And what wasthe historical background of the social movements of that decade?●American Negroes experienced different lives in the South andoutside the South of America●Women experienced different lives during and after World War II●Young people resented traditional white male values in US society2. Who were the participants of the social movements of the 1960s? Many people who believed the government and the society were wrong joined one or more of the social movements. Black and white youngpeople worked in all the movements, as did many middle-class white women and some men. Those who worked in the civil right movement included older, usually male, Negro leaders; black and white young people, some white professional men and women, and some white housewives.3. What are the basic characteristics of a social movement?Two basic characteristics of all social movements: "structure" and "spontaneity" structure.●Structure means organizations●Spontaneity refers to the spontaneous actions4.The black political movement that began as a force for integration changed course in the mid-1960s and began to emphasize black uniqueness and even black separatism. What caused this transformation?Although these segregation laws were illegal under the 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution, the US government would not declare the Southern laws unconstitutional until there were cases brought in federal courts. The civil rights movement began when black people spontaneously protested segregation laws and created organizations to make the protests successful. Long before the students in Greensboro, North Carolina began their sit-ins, there were many others who protested the segregation laws.5.Draw analogies between the black revolution and the women's movement. What common assumptions do they share?The women activities were most in the civil rights and anti-war movements before. They believed the male leaders of these movements were discriminating against women in the movement just like White’s discrimination against black men. They became known as the "women's liberation" group, or "women's lib", used radical tactics and received a great deal of bad publicity. This group found strong support among large numbers of young activists from other organizations.6.What are the legacies of the social movements of the1960s?What are their effects,positive and negative,upon contemporary US society?Legal segregation ended in the South as a result of the civil rights movement. Southern Afro-Americans can vote. However, racism is still an extremely serious social, political and economic problem in the US. By 1971, more than 60% of people in the US thought the war in Vietnam was wrong and wanted the war to end. In 1973 the US signed a peace treaty. The women’s movement continued to gain more rights and opportunities for women.The social movements of the 1960s had a strong effect on the way people think and act, and caused changes in many laws. However, many of the same problems they hoped to solve are still major problems in US society.。
英美文化课本习题答案
英美文化教材习题答案Britain1. Who are the British ?Ⅰ1.the Scottish Highlanders: They are the Scots who live in the mountain areas of the Highlands in Northern Scotland. They are a proud, ind ependent and hardy peopl e who maintain their strong cultural id entity.2.the British Isles: The British Isl es lie northern of Europe in the Atlantic Ocean. They consist of two large islands-Britain and Ireland and several small islands.3.the National Eisted dfod: Eisted dfod is the Welsh word for “sitting”. National Eisted dfod is t he most famous festival of music and verse in Wales. It takes place each August and lasts for about a week. The highlight of the Eisted dfod is a competition for the best epic poem about Wales written and read in Welsh. The winner is crowned Bard, consid ered the supreme honor in Wales.4.Bard: “Bard”originally d enoted the grouping epic poem to the Celtic l ead ers or warriors for their great achievement. Now, it roughly means the respected poetry.5.Northern Ireland (Ulster): A section of the United Kingd om of Great Britain and the Northern Ireland, l ocated in the northeast of the Ireland, the capital of which is Belfast.6.Oliver Cromwell: Oliver Cromwell was the Roundhead l ead er during the English Civil War. Hed efeated King Charl es Ⅰ and cond emned him to d eath. The monarchy was overthrown, and the country became for more than ten years a republic.7.William Ⅲ: the protestant King (参见P10-11)8.The Orange Day celebrations: cel ebrations hel d by Protestants on 12 August each year in North Ireland to commemorate the Battle of the Royne in 1690 when the Protestant King William of Orange crushed a Catholic rebellion in Lond ond erry. The celebrations were always aggressively provocative and fightings often broke out between Protestant marches and Catholic bystand ers.9.The Provisional IRA: IRA, the Irish Reputation Army, is a nationalist organization d edicated to the unification of Ireland. It was organized in1919. The IRA refused to accept a separate Northern Ireland und er British rul e. In 1969 it s plit into an “official” majority, which disclaimed viol ence, and a terrorist “provisional” wing, whose attacks on British troops in Northern Ireland, rand om bombings, and others acts of terror in England kept tensions high.10. The Peace People: In the summer of 1976 Betty Williams, a Protestant housewife, was so horrified at the killing fo two children by a running IRA car that she decid ed to organize the women of Ulster, both Protestant and Catholic, into a pressure group. It is a pressure group working for peace and reconciliation in Ireland. Williams and her Catholic partner, Corrigan, soon gathered thousands of foll owers d espite threats and intimidation from both sid es. They continued to pursue their aims and at the end of 1976 the two l ead ers were award ed the Nobel Prize for Peace.Ⅱ1.The full name of the United Kingd om is the United Kingd om of Great Britain and the Northern Ireland.2.The Romans first land ed in Britain in the year of 55BC.3.The Scots are well-known for being inventive, hard-working, serious mind ed and cautious with money.4.Two of the Welsh characteristics are cultural prid e and their l ove of music and poetry.5.Peopl e began to settle in about 10,000 years ago. two famous Scottish writers: Robert Burns and Sir Walter Scottor, two Welsh writers: Dylan Thomas and Gwyn Thomas; and two Irish writers: Jonathan Swift and Oscar Wild e.7.Angl es, Saxons and Jutes were the three Germanic tribes that came to be the basis of mod ern English race.ⅢDDBAB2. English HistoryⅠ1.Exercise book Page29 12.Page29 23.Page29 34.Page29 65.Page30 96.Henry ⅧTextbook P28 2nd para.7.Elizabeth Ⅰ Textbook P29 1st para.8.Divine Right Textbook P30 2nd para. (可忽略)9.Page33 2210.VictorianismⅡ1.The Crusad es2.Columbus, Vasco da Gama3.the Mid dl e ages4.the Parliament, the King Charl es Ⅰ5. Charl es Darwin6. the Great Depression7. the League of Nations, United NationsⅢDBBCD4.British Government SystemI.1.学习手册63页III.12.学习手册65页III.93.学习手册65页III.104.学习手册64页III.35.学习手册64页III.46.学习手册64页III.77.学习手册64页III.5II.1. Elizabeth the Second2. On Her Majesty’s Service3. the Most Ord er of the Garter4. In her rol e as head of the Church of England5. Acts of Parliament; the Prerogative of the Crown;Conventions of the Constitution; Common law; Parliamentary Privilege6. Five, 6357. The Crown; the House of Lords; the House of Commons8. Parliament9. The final court of appeal in civil cases and criminal cases, except criminal cases in Scotland.10. To make laws;to control and criticize the executive government;to control the raising and the spending of money11. The Lord Chancellor12. Her ministers13. Parliament; Cabinet; the House of Commons; Parliament III. BCADCAIV.1.课本P68 第二段2.课本P75 第二，四段P74 第三段3.课本P764.课本P78 第一段5.课本P81 第三段6.课本P737.课本P78 第一，二段5.Industry, Agriculture and BusinessⅠ1.Exercise book Page80 12.P80 23.P81 64.P82 85.Special d evelopment area: Textbook P101 2nd para.6.P81 37.P81 48.P81 7Ⅱ1. coal, water power2. the Second Worl d War, the Bank of England, coal, civil aviation3. the Second Worl d War, Labour4. a nation of shop-keepers5. the discovery and exploitation of oil and gas in the North Sea.ⅢADCAA6.English LiteratureI.1.学习手册96页. III.22.学习手册96页. III.33.学习手册96页. III.44.学习手册97页. III.55.课本124页. 第二，三段6.学习手册96页. III.77.学习手册96页. III.8II.1. Beowulf;the 6th2.their Viking raid ers swept into Britain3.the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle;The Roman invasion of Britain in 54B.C.The mid dl e of the 12th century4.Chaucer; Shakespeare; Milton5.Thomas More; Utopia6.Romeo and Juliet; Hamlet; Othello; The Tempest; Twelfth Nights; As You Like It; Richard III; Richard II; Julius Caesar7.The Essays8.Paradise Lost; Paradise Regained; Samson Agonistes9.Pilgrim’s Progress10.Jonathan Swift11.His poems London and The Vanity of Human Wishes12.Robert Burns13.Robinson Cruise14.William Wordsworth; Samuel Tayl or Col eridge; Lord Byron; John Keats; Percy Bysshe Shell ey15.Jane Austen; Anne Bronte; Emily Bronte16.Louis Stevenson; Lewis Carroll; William Makepeace Thackeray;David Copper field; Oliver Twist;George Eliot; Oscar Wilde;The Return of the Nation; Jude the Obscure17.James Joyce; Ulysses18.George Bernard ShawIII. DBCAADAADDIV.1.课本P115-1162.课本P122-1233.课本P1334.课本P135 第二，三段8.Religion and BeliefsExplain the foll owing in English: 全部在学习手册P109.Fill the blanks:1)Roman Catholic; Protestant2)The Old Testament; the New Testament.3)Queen; the Archbishop of Canterbury.4)God; Jesus; the Holy Spirit.5)Presbyterian6)The Pope in Rome and the church or priesthood.7)The Presbyterian; the Methodist Church; the Congregational Church; the Baptist Church; theQuakers.8)Humbl er forms of life.Answer the questions:1)学习手册P106 13、14题2)P146 第三段3)P148 第二段4)P150 第一段cationExplain the foll owing in English:1) 2) 3) 6) 7) 8)是学习手册P140、P141和P142的1.3.4.7.8.11题4) 5)在书本P171 第二段Fill the blanks:1) 5;15.2)Christmas; Easter; summer.3)The selective; the comprehensive4)Eton; Harrow; Rugby.5)About three-quarters of income of Britain University.6)Oxford; Cambridge.7)St Andrews; Glasgow (or Aberd een; Edinburgh)8)Oxford.9)Leeds; Lancaster (any acceptabl e answers are correct)10)Exclusiveness.Tick the correct answer in each of the foll owing:A C D DAnswer the questions:1)Both educational and social grounds2)P171第二段3)学习手册P148或P137 的24题4)书本P174最后一段和P175最开头一段5)课本P175-1776)The coll ege system and the tutorial system.7)P178最后一段11.The press, Radio and TelevisionExplain the foll owing in English:1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 在学习手册P1666)书本P198 第二段的7)书本P204 第三段Fill the blanks:1)the smallness of the country2)Quality paper; popular paper.3)The Times; The Guardian; the Daily Telegraph; Daily Mail; Daily Mirror; Sun.4)Thomson5)The Conservative Party; the Liberal Party6)Daily Telegraph7)The Sunday Times; Observer.8)Daily Mirror; The Sun.Tick the correct answer in each of the foll owing: D B C B AAnswer the questions:1) 学习手册P1742) 书本P201最后一段书本P206 最后一段America1.Atlantic to PacificⅠ.1.学习手册第196 页2.课本第237页2nd para.3.学习手册第197 页4.课本第237页1st para & 第246页注释175.学习手册第196 页6.学习手册第197 页7.课本第239页最后一段& 第240页第一、二段8.课本第242页最后一段& 第247页注释26Ⅱ. Fill in the blanks1. 50, 13, 35, Hawaii, Alaska2.Alaska, California3.Eastern standard time, central standard time, mountain standard time, pacific standard time4.Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Rhod e Island5.West Virginia, New York State, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland6.The Potomac, Washington D.C7.The Appalachian, Vermont, Canada8.The Appalachian, Rocky9.Washington State, Oregon, California10.New England, the Mid-Atlantic area, the South, the Mid-West, the Great Plains states, the Western and the Pacific coast statesⅢ. Tick the correct answer in each of the foll owing:C AD D C CⅣ. Answer the questions:1.学习手册第191, 196 页2.学习手册第196 页3.学习手册第196 页4.课本第237 页5.课本第239 页6.学习手册第198 页，课本241 页2. AMERICAN HISTORYExplain the foll owing in English:（其余未注明的页码是学习手册页码）1.P218.5（学习手册218页第五条）2.P280.9 (课本280页第九个注释)3.P221.154.P222.175.P221.146.P222.167.P222.188.P223.209.P224.2610.P225.2811.P226.3312.P227.3513.P228.3814.P228.4015.P223.22Fill in the blanks:1.Icelandic Vikings, Columbus2.Jamestown Virginia, 16073.English Puritans, Roman Catholics, The Quaker l ead er William Penn4.1775, 17835.a second continental Congress6.July 4th7.the Fed eralists, the Republicans, classes, id eol ogical lines8.Thomas Jefferson9.John Marshall10.Uncl e Tom’s Cabin11.put an end to slavery, d ecid ed that America is a singl e indivisibl e nation12.he introduced the assembly line into automobil e production, Manufacturing the Mod el T13.the New York Stock Exchangeissez-faire, the government shoul d interfere with business as little as possibl e, government action15.Eugene V. DebsTick the correct answer in each of the foll owing:1-10:BAAADADADBAnswer the questions:(课本页码)1.P2522.P2533.P2544.P2575.P2586.P264-p2657.P266-p2678.P268-p2699.P270-p27110.P27311.P27512.P276-p2773.THE FORMS OF GOVERNMENTExplain the foll owing in English:（未标注页码为学习手册页码）1.P245.52.P245.63.P246.74.P246.95.P247.116.P247.127.P247.138.P311.3(课本)9.P246.810.P240.1211.P314.23（课本）Fill in the blanks:1.fed eralism, the separation of powers, respect for the Constitution and the rul e of law2.foreign affairs, matters of general concern to all the states3.the Democrats, the Republicans4.executive, l egislature, judicial5.Ford, Rockefell er, the Presid ent Nixon resigned when he was in power6.Vice-Presid ent7.four, four, John Kenedy8.two terms(eight years)9.435, 2, 100, 610.the Congress(both the Senate and the House of Representatives), the Senate, a two-thirds majority in both Houses11.Confed eration12.192213.The Supreme Court14.life, Presid ent, the Senate15.The Fed eral Bureau of InvestigationTick the correct answer in each of the foll owing:1-8: ACDCADCBAnswer the questions:(课本页码)1.P2882.P2883.P2914.P294&(p314.29)5.P3026.P3037.P290, p297, p3078.P302-p3034. American LiteratureⅠ. Explain the foll owing in English:1.学习手册第268 页2.学习手册第268 页3.学习手册第268 页4.学习手册第269 页5.学习手册第270 页6.学习手册第273 页7.学习手册第274 页Ⅱ. Fill in the blanks1. Washington Irving, Fennimore Cooper2.Edgar Allan Poe, The Fall of the house of Usher3.(Concord, Massachusetts), Ralph Wald o Emerson,Henry David Thoreau, Nathaniel Hawthorne4.Nature, The American Scholar, Self-Reliance, Experience5.Walden6.The Scarlet Letter7.Herman Melville8.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Life on the Mississippi, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn9.Theodore Dreiser10.The Great Gatsby, what had happened to American life11.John Dos Passos12.A Fable, Light in August, The Hamlet13.The Sun Also Rise, A farewell to Arms, For Whom the Bell Tolls14.John Steinbeck, Ralph Ellison15.Eugene O’Neill, Long Day’s Journey into NightⅢ. Tick the correct answer in each of the foll owing:CADBD DCCAD BCⅣ. Answer the questions:1.学习手册第258,267(explanation 1) 页2.Both are 19th-century writer. Both are also a poet and journal keeper.3.学习手册第269(2) 页4.课本第2326 页5.5. ReligionⅠ. Explain the foll owing in English:1.学习手册第293 页2.学习手册第293 页3.学习手册第294 页4.学习手册第294 页5.学习手册第291 页Ⅱ. Fill in the blanks1.four-fifths, majority hardly, half2.U.S3.Against the Constitution4.The Baptists, the Methodists5.Roman Catholics, the Baptists, The Methodists, Presbyterians6.John F. KennedyⅢ. Tick the correct answer in each of the foll owing:ACDCAⅣ. Answer the questions:1.课本第345 页（4-9行）2.课本第345（最后一段）页3.课本第346（第二段）页4.可参阅课本359页Notes6、7、8、9所对应的句子。
高考英语常考英美文化阅读理解专练：专题 18 英美文化阅读理解专项：父亲节+万圣节前夜+万圣节
45.Father's Day 父亲节养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
The United States is one of the few countries in the world that has an official day on which fathers are honoredby their children. On the third Sunday in June, fathers all across the UnitedStates are given presents, treated to dinner or otherwise made to feel special.The origin of Father's Day is not clear. Some say that it began with achurch service in West Virginia in 1908. Others say the first Father's Dayceremony was held in Vancouver, Washington.The president of the Chicago branch of the Lions' Club, Harry Meek, is said to have celebrated the first Father's Day with his organization in 1915; and the day that they chose was the third Sunday in June, the closest date to Meek's own birthday!Regardless of when the first true Father's Day occurred, the strongest promoter of the holiday was Mrs. Bruce John Dodd of Spokane, Washington. Mrs. Dodd felt that she had an outstanding father. He was a veteran of the Civil War. His wife had died young, and he had raised six children without their mother.In 1909, Mrs. Dodd approached her own minister and others in Spokane about having a church service dedicated to fathers on June 5, her father's birthday. That date was too soon for her minister to prepare the service, so he spoke a few weeks later on June 19th. From then on, the state of Washington celebrated the third Sunday in June as Father's Day. Children made special desserts, or visited their fathers if they lived apart.States and organizations began lobbying Congress to declare an annual Father's Day. In 1916, President Woodrow Wilson approved of this idea, but it was not until 1924 when President Calvin Coolidge made it a national event to "establish more intimate relations between fathers and their children and to impress upon fathers the full measure of their obligations." Since then, fathers had been honored and recognized by their familiesthroughout the country on the third Sunday in June.When children can't visit their fathers or take them out to dinner, they send a greeting card. Traditionally, fathers prefer greeting cards that are not too sentimenta l. Most greeting cards are whimsical so fathers laugh when they open them. Some give heartfelt thanks for being there whenever the child needed Dad. (396 words)◆Helper:ceremony['seriməni]典礼，仪式promoter[prə'məutə]发起人veteran['vetərən]退伍军人lobby['lɔbi]游说intimate['intimit]私人的, 秘密的obligation[ɔbli'geiʃən]义务，职责sentimental [senti'mentl]多愁善感的whimsical['(h)wimzikəl]奇形怪状的，异想天开的heartfelt['hɑ:tfelt]衷心的, 真心真意的Spokane：斯波坎，美国华盛顿的靠近爱德华州的一座城市，位于斯波坎河瀑布的边界。
高一英语VOA英美文化听力课后作业理18日试题
七中网校高2021届VOA英美文化听力练习制卷人：歐陽文化、歐陽理複；制卷時間：二O二二年二月七日The hand has been a symbol(象征) through the ages and in many cultures.There are hundreds of expressions and combinations(结合) of words using hand in the English language. Let us examine some of the expressions that use hand.We will ______________ in this way. To get a hand in is to begin a job, to begin to know something about it. When we learn the job completely, it will be easy for us. We will be able to ________________.If we do the job well, we may end up with the _____________________. And that means to be in control, or to have gained complete understanding of a situation.____________________, if the situation gets out of hand, then it is out of control. We must act quickly to regain the upper hand over these expressions.But, wait. We still do not have the upper hand in this business.We must consider another way of expressing praise, to ______________________. For example: I must hand it to you for understanding what we have discussed this far.You can also _____________________, but without really giving up your hand. You lend a hand when you help someone. You offer them a helping hand.If someone is kind enough to lend us a hand, then we surely do not want to ______________________. We do not want to repay his kindness by treating him badly.Now, with that out of the way, we _____________to continue examining other handexpressions. To have a free hand in a situation is good. It means you are free to act without getting permission(允许) from someone else.If we continue moving along, we will make progress __________________, or very rapidly. This expression began in the early 1700s. It reportedly comes from a sailing expression hand over hand, the way of quickly raising or lowering a sail.Maybe you can find a friend who wants to _________ ________ in our project. It would have to be someone who is interested in these expressions.Your friend may want to ______________________. That is good, because that means he wants to work as closely with us as a glove covers the hand. Of course there is a danger that he may look at our project and decide to ____________________. That means he wants to take it over.If that happens, we may ____________________ because the situation seems hopeless. In fact, we may decide that it is time for us to end this project, to _____ ____________________of hand expressions.制卷人：歐陽文化、歐陽理複；制卷時間：二O二二年二月七日。
精读作业 18英本1 吴亚玲 23231118125
精读作业P1095. Point out and correct mistake（s）you find in the following sentences.1. You have probably heard of this interesting platitude: "Two heads are better than one."platitude---------saying/proverb2. One cold muggy day, my wife and I went to the Summer Palace just to remain away from the noisy campus for some time.cold muggy------muggyremain away from----- stay away from3. His nocturnal hammering day and night got on my nerves.day and night----all the night4. Rainsford peeked through the impenetrable foliage and saw clearly the general with a gun in his hand.the impenetrable foliage------ the foliage5. I was certain that we were going in the right direction, but it was strange why we had not reached our camp. We must have lost our bearings.was certain-----thought6. The boy grasped the old woman's wallet and bolted calmly away. grasped------grabbed/snatched/seizedwallet--------pursebolted calmly away------- bolted away7. The woman was so frightening that she started yelling uncontrollably, " Oh, my God! Oh, my God!"frightening----- frightenedyelling----------shrieking/screaming/exclaiming8. My sister picked up a small boulder and swung it into the lake. boulder------stone/pebbleswung--------threw9. When you address young people, do not use a condescending tune. tune----------tone10. There suddenly rose a strong cold breeze, and we all had to huddle together for warmth.breeze-------wind11. At that time, Peking Opera was at its most popular although ordinary people still could not watch it. The rich and the powerful loved it.Peking Opera was at its most popular--------all the people loved Peking Opera12. In this glare we could see twinkling stars in the sky. It was shockingly beautiful.In this glare----In the nightshockingly-----quite13. I sat on a bench and watched the lovely kids on a rampage, zooming through the park with their parents.on a rampage, zooming through the park--------playing happily in the park 14. He whipped round slowly to make sure that nobody was following him.whipped round slowly------ whipped round15. Soon it began to drizzle heavily and we were immediately all damp through and through.drizzle-----raindamp------wetP1122. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in brackets using except.1. We didn't hear anything except an explosion （除了一声轰鸣之外）.3. It seems that the doctors can do little except (to) relieve his pain （除了减轻他的疼痛）by giving him pain killers.5. When she was a child, the world–famous pianist showed no apparent interest in anything except in music （对音乐之外的任何事情）.7. He points out that the past does not exist except in our memory （除了在我们的记忆之中）, the future, except in our expectations of it （除了在我们对它的期盼之中）.9. After he came back from Tibet he told us that he had never been to such a fascinating place except in sleep/dreams（除了在睡梦中之外）.。
英美文化课后作业
英美文化课后作业(总9页) --本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--1. What is the full name of the .----United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland2. Why do tourists from all over the world like to go to Scotland?----They like to enjoy the beautiful Scottish scenery, to drink Scotch whisky and to see Scotsmen wearing kilts and playing bagpipes.3. How many periods can the development of the English language be divided into and what are they?----The development of the English language can be divided into three periods: Old English, Middle English and Modern English.4. Why did English become more important after Black Death?----The laboring and merchant classes grew in economic and social importance after the Black Death, so English also grew in importance compared to French.1. Who are the British People?----The first known inhabitants in Britain were Celts who are the ancestors of the Welsh, Scottish and Irish people. Then came the Anglos, the Saxons and the Jutes who brought with them the English language. Many people from other European countries came later, and in modern times there are a lot of immigrants from many former Commonwealth countries from every part of the world. Britain is a country of mixedcultures, and the Britain people are also composed of people from different ethic and culture backgrounds.2. What is Standard English?----Standard English is based on the speech of the upper class of southeastern England. It is widely used in media and taught at schools. It is preferred by the educated, middle-class people. It has developed and has been promoted as a model for correct Britain English. It is also the norm carried overseas. Today, Standard English is codified to the extent that the grammar and vocabulary are much the same everywhere in the world where English is taught and used.1. What are the two components of the British Parliament?----the House of Commons and the House of Lords.2. What were some of Queen Victoria's major achievement?---- Queen Victoria made tremendous achievements in almost every aspect. She promoted further industrial revolution, the building of railways and the growing of trade and commerce. By the end of her reign, Britain had developed to an empire including a quarter of the global population and nearly a quarter of the world's landmass.3. What were the two camps in Europe in World War 1?----The Central Powers which included Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria and the Allied Powers which were mainlycomprised of France, the Russia Empire, the Britain Empire, Italy and the United States.4. Why did Britain cooperate closely with the United States after World War 2?----Because they were allied during the war and shared the same worries about the former Soviet Union.1. What were the results of the Industrial Revolution in Britain?----The Industrial Revolution changed Britain in many ways. First, industrial country increased dramatically. Britain became the most advanced industrial country and also the financial center in the world. Second, urbanization took place. Many new cities sprang up. Third, it caused great changes in the class structure. The old social classes declined, and new ones emerged and developed.2. The Rise and Fall of the British Empire?----Colonization of Newfoundland, the first British colony overseas, in 1583 marked the beginning of the British Empire. By 1837, British had long been an empire which included the colonies in Canada, Australia, New Zealand,India and many small states in the West Indies. By the end of 19th century, the British Empire included a quarter of the global population and nearly a quarter of the world's landmass. During the mid-19th century, the British government consolidated the existing coloniesby bringing them under the direct control of the government. Before World War 1, Britain had the largest colonial empire in the world. However, Britain suffered great loss to its manpower in the two World Wars and exhausted its reserves of gold, dollars and overseas investment. Most of Britain's colonies gained independence since the 1940s, which inevitably led to the fall the Empire.1. What are the three functions of the House of Commons?----to draft laws, to scrutinize, criticize and restrain the activities of the government, and to influence future government policy.2. Why is the Conservative Party sometimes called the "Right"----Because the Conservative Party is supported by landowners and businessmen, who are often from the middle and upper-middle class.3. What kind of public image does Liberal Democrats have in Britain?----The Liberal Democrats is perceived as "middle" between the Conservative and the Labor Party. It is comparatively flexible and pragmatic in its balance of the individual andthe social. It emphasizes the need for a change in Britain's constitutional arrangements to make the government more democratic and accountable.4. Why are independent candidates unlikely to win in the general election?----Because even if they were elected, they would be powerless in Parliament. Therefore, it is not possible for many people to vote for independent candidates.1. What do British electoral campaigns usually involve during the process of a general election?----The electoral campaigns usually involve advertising in newspapers, door-to-door campaigning and leaflets. The main parties are given short periods of time on national television to present their policies to the public. Apart from the parties' own publicity, newspapers and TV programs spend a lot of time discussing the campaign, interviewing politicians, and predicting the results.2. What is the Commonwealth of Nations?----The Commonwealth of Nations is a voluntary associationof independent sovereign states, all of which acknowledge the British monarch as the head. The Commonwealth is not a political union of any sort, and its member states havefull autonomy to manage their internal and external affairs. It is primarily an organization in which countries with diverse economic backgrounds have an opportunity for close and equal interaction after gaining independence. The major activities of the Commonwealth are designed to advocatedemocracy, human rights, and to promote economic cooperation and growth within its members.1. What was the negative aspect of Thatcher's reform in the early 1980s?----Its negative aspect was a rapid increase in unemployment. In 1982, the unemployment rate reached the level of the Great Depression years, with three million people out of work.2. What are the characteristics of Britain's agriculture?----British's agriculture is characterized by a small portion of the population engaged in agriculturalactivities with a high degree of mechanization. Although it employs a mere 1% of the country's labor force, it meets around 60% of the national demands.3. What happened to Britain's beef industry in the mid-1990s?----British's beef industry was hit badly by BSE, resulting in a ban on beef exports in 1996.4. What are some of the popular tourist attraction in Britain?----The popular tourist attractions in English include: the Dorset and the East Devon Coast, the Lake District, Stonehenge, Windsor Castle, university towns of Oxford and Cambridge, Tower of London, St. Paul's Cathedral and so on.1. What were the major causes of Britain's relative economic decline in the postwar period?----British's economy experienced a relative decline in the postwar period for several reasons. First, British suffered a great losses in the two World Wars and had gone heavily into debt to finance the war. Second, the era of theBritish Empire was over. India and other British colonies, whichprovided raw material and large market for British goods, gained their independence. Third, British was forced to maintain an expensive military presence in many overseas locations until the end of 1960s. Fourth, British had to make substantial financial contributions to NATO and UN Security Council. Finally, British failed to invest in industry after World War 2 whereas its competitors like Germany and Japan caught up with British buy investing in the most modern equipment and means of production.2. Why do developed nations like Britain encourage the development of the service industry?----The service industry has played an increasingly important role in economy in the development countries. On the other hand ,it requires a large group of people working in it so that abundant employment opportunities are provided. On the other hand, the service industry causes little pollution.1. What used to be the major functions of grammar schools and vocational schools in Britain?----The major functions of grammar schools were to train the most academically capable students and prepare them for university, whereas the major functions of vocational schools were to help less successful students to learn a trade.2. What kind of subjects do Britain comprehensive schools provide?----British comprehensive schools provide a general education, offering both academic subjects like literature and science, and practical subjects like cooking and carpentry.3. In what ways do Britain universities enjoy complete academic freedom?----British universities enjoy complete academic freedom because they can appoint their own staff, decide which students to admit, provide their own courses and awardtheir own degrees.4. How do students in the Open University receive their education?----The students follow university courses through textbooks, TV and radio broadcasts, correspondence, video, and a network of study centers.5. What role does the media play in Britain leisure culture? ----The media plays an essential role in British leisure culture since it helps to shape the public's opinion, determine people's moral and political orientation and consolidate or undermine the rule of a government.1. What are the general feature of Britain's independent schools?----British's independent schools require fees from students. Although the National Curriculum is optional in the independent system, most independent schools teach what the curriculum demands. Independent schools get their funding through tuition fees as well as government assistance. Since they are generally better-funded than most state schools,they can recruit the best teachers and provide superior facilities. However, high tuition fees have become an obstacle for many students to enroll.2. The "quality press" and the "tabloids" in Britain?----Among the 10 daily published national newspapers in British, about half of them are regarded as the "quality press" since they carry in-depth articles of particular political and social importance, and reviews and feature articles about "high culture", and they are generally read by well-educated people. The Times, The Guardian and The Daily Telegraph are good cases in point of the quality press. The "tabloids", with color photos and striking headlines, usually cover scandals and gossip about celebrities in politics, sports and entertainment. A typical example is The News of the World.。
高一英语下学期第十一次周练试题高一全册英语试题
于对市爱美阳光实验学校高一下学期第十一次周练英语试题第二词汇知识运用(共两节, 总分值30分)第一节多项选择(共10小题; 每题1分, 总分值10分)21. It is quite that the football match will be held tonight.A. certainB. sureC. secureD. convenient22. When she knew that the dinosaur eggs arrived at the museum safely, she smiled .A. in doubtB. in reliefC. in peaceD. in return23. Special attention should be paid to your eyes from sunshine in summer.A. stoppingB. protectingC. keepingD. helping24. I being given the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.A. mindB. finishC. appreciateD. keep25. We are concerned about the weather because it what we wear and even how we feel.A. benefitsB. guidesC. affectsD. causes 26. In the past ten years the village factory here has great harm to the environment.A. madeB. doneC. caughtD. taken27. He was worried, because he lost his bag his passport, ID card and a lot of money.A. connectingB. includingC. hostingD. containing28.The difference between Tom and Mike lies in how theytheir spare time.A. takeB. costC. employD. give29. A sharp in production was seen due to the bad management.A. balanceB. failureC. growthD. decrease30. —How do you to her rude behavior?—Only silence.A. answerB. considerC. respondD. want第二节完形填空(共20小题; 每题1分, 总分值20分)When Glen Kruger picked a small cat from an animalshelter(收容所), he did not expect much. Yet right from the start, eight years ago, there was an uncommonconnection between him and the small black cat. He 31her Inky.“I grew up on a hundred-acre farm and had only cats 32 playmates, 〞Kruger, the seventy-year-old man, say s. “My hearing was damaged by the 33 of farm equipment, so I learned to connect with 34 . They react to what they see and what you do. 〞Inky was a gentle cat, 35 the house with five other cats. But ona January night in 2021, Inky did 36 that would set her apart from37 cats forever. xkb1Kruger had gone down to the basement(地下室)to 38 the wood stove for the night. When he was finished, he 39 to the top of the stairs and reached to turn off the lights. In doing so, he slipped and 40 his back against an old shelf. The heavy shelf came crashing down and sent Kruger down the stairs.41 in a pool of blood on the basement floor, Kruger felt 42 going into shock. He shouted for help, 43 his wife, Brenda, was asleep in their bedroom at the opposite end of the house. 44 Kruger noticed Inky watching from the top of the stairs.“Go get Brenda, 〞Kruger said to Inky.Inky 45 to the bedroom door and scratched(挠) 46 until Brenda opened it. Then Inky led her to the 47 . Brenda found her husband 48 the stairs and called 911. Kruger was rushed to the hospital. “I spent six months 49 there, 〞says Kruger. “Although I became lame, I was blessed. 〞Since the accident, Inky has 50 left Kruger’s side.31. A. gave B. chose C. namedD. remembered32. A. like B. as C. except D. among33. A. sound B. alarm C. noise D. voice34. A. animals B. friends C. farmers D. neighbors35. A. sharing B. visiting C. dividing D. discovering36. A. anything B. nothing C. somethingD. everything37. A. familiar B. lovely C. ordinary D. outstanding38. A. shut out B. shut off C. shut downD. shut up39. A. marched B. flew C. struggled D. climbed40. A. bent B. hit C. shook D. pulled41. A. Falling B. Lying C. Appearing D. Thinking42. A. it B. itself C. him D. himself43. A. and B. but C. or D. so44. A. Thus B. Otherwise C. Then D. Rather45. A. walked B. ran C. returned D. withdrew46. A. rapidly B. suddenly C. madly D. urgently47. A. bedroom B. basement C. yard D. house48. A. at the bottom of B. in the middle ofC. at the top ofD. in the front of49. A. regretting B. resting C. relaxing D. recovering50. A. never B. ever C. still D. already第三阅读理解(共20小题; 每题2分, 总分值40分)AThere is a wide and deep choice of a career. Whether he’s a hand in construction or sitting behind the desk working on a computer, everyone has some ideas of what is an attractive career. However, making a career choice is not simply a matter of following a dream; for most people it means a lot of research and soul searching. Choosing the right career becomes one of the most important decisions of an individual’s life.It used to be that one followed in the footsteps of their father or grandfather or took over the family business when it came to making a career choice. These days, a career path can start anywhere and then veer off into something totally different.Career choices must be realistic and well thought out. It is not uncommon for persons to start a career path and realize they have made a terrible mistake, feeling as if it may be too late to turn around. Not only does a career choice concern your strongest skills and interest, it is also something that you will be doing continuously to bring in income. This is why a career choice can be such a personal decision. Formerly it used to be unusual for someone to change occupations or careers more than once or twice in a lifetime; it is now even more unusual to keep the same career during someone’s working life.There are a great many measures in helping one choose the right profession. A number of websites offering tools such as career tests and information, educational resources, resume services and the kind can be found. It is important for one to research one’s career in this changing economy situation, and choose the best from several related careerchoices.51. According to the author, choosing the right career .A. is not difficult at allB. needs a lot of dreamsC. is an interesting thingD. needs a lot of thoughts52. The underlined phrase “veer off〞 in the second paragraph probably means “〞.A. set out to do the same jobB. change the former courseC. compare two different thingsD. dream of getting an easy job53. Nowadays it is common for one to .A. change his job oftenB. do the same job all his lifeC. find a few good jobs at a timeD. live without a job for many years54. All of the following are the tools on profession offered by websites EXCEPT .A. tests and informationB. training coursesC. employers’ phone numbersD. instructions on resumeBIt was shortly after her daughter was born in 2005 that Deng Zhixin gave birth to an idea to help children who had been abandoned(抛弃)by their parents.While exchanging ideas online with a group of new moms on how to take care of children, Deng came across stories of children born with diseases being left by their parents on the street or in hospitals.“My original intention was to find medical aid for those kids, and give them the love they deserve as much as other children, 〞said Deng, 41.With a group of mothers in Beijing in 2007, Deng cofounded(共同创立)Angel Mom, an organization that helps poor orphans who might die without receiving timely medical treatment.Angel Mom collects funds from wealthy people to provide medical help for the disabled children and finds adoptive parents for them.“We concentrated on seeking financial support for their operations and finding them a family capable of and truly willing to adopt them, 〞she said.Weeks ago, Deng quit her job for the third time in three years. Before she quit, she was the Chief Financial Operator in a company with an annual salary of more than 500, 000 yuan.“I couldn’t handle the heavy work while taking care of the children at the same time, 〞Deng said.Angel Mom now maintains cooperation with more than 15 hospitals across the country.As soon as a child arrives, Deng and her partners immediately start seeking financial help from wealthy people through personal relationships or accept assistance from certain charities(慈善机构), such as Smile Angel Foundation, founded in 2006 by Chinese singer Faye Wong and her husband Li Yapeng to help children with cleft lips.“It usually takes days or even weeks to find someone who would like to donate(捐赠)a sufficient amount if the child’s illness doesn’t meet the charity funds’requirements, 〞 Deng said, adding that six children have passed away, some due to lack of timely medication.“For me, those children mean responsibility. Sometimes I wish I could let them go but they are already part of my life, 〞Deng continued, “I chose a special life, but I don’t think I’m special. 〞55. Which of the following can best describe Deng Zhixin?A. Kind-hearted, stubborn, changeable.B. Responsible, kind-hearted, helpful.C. Helpful, lovable, intelligent.D. Special, wealthy, diligent. xkb156. The reason why Deng quit her job was that . A. it was too demanding a job for her to do wellB. she was fed up with itC. she was not content with the salary offeredD. she found it hard to deal with the two at the same time57. Which of the following does Deng usually do according to the passage?A. Find parents to adopt children.B. Perform operations for the disabled children.C. Seek financial help for the children from the government.D. Help to find the parents who abandoned the children.58. What Deng said in the last but one paragraph mainly suggests .A. the charity funds’ requirements are too highB. timely medication can prevent sick children from dyingC. they sometimes have difficulty in finding people willing to donateD. when it comes to donation, people should be generousCPALM COAST-Agatha Lee described her reaction as “disbelief〞 when School Board Chairwoman Sue Dickinson called her name last Thursday night at Flagler Auditorium.Lee, a second-grade teacher at Belle Terre Elementary School, was named Flagler County’s Teacher of the Year today. “I was in such a great group of excellent teachers and I was just shocked. 〞Lee said in an interview after the announcement.Every Flagler school names a Teacher of the Year once a year and those nominees(候选人)are considered for the district’s award. That winner, along with winners from the state’s other districts, is then considered for the Florida Teacher of the Year Award, which is announced in July.To be qualified for the teaching award, teachers must encourage continuous learning, show skillfulness in their subject area, use creative teaching strategies(策略), show leadership and create a caring and respectful environment.Jill Stirling, a kindergarten teache r, Flagler’s 2021 Teacher of the Year, said she also met winners from throughout the state to share teaching strategies and the best practices. “I often think of those little people that have made me the teacher I am and the person that I am, 〞 Stirling said.Lee, the following new winner, who is now in her thirteenth year of teaching, came to Flagler County in 2004 after working in Pasco and St. Johns counties. She worked at the former Indian Trails K-8 school and came to Belle Terre Elementary School when it opened in fall 2005.Lee, who comes from a family of teachers, said she has always enjoyed being with children.“I love watching their faces when they have that‘aha’moment, 〞she said.59. How did Agatha Lee feel when she was crowned Flagler Co unty’s Teacher of the Year?A. Excited.B. Astonished.C. Satisfied.D. Proud.60. What did you know about Agatha Lee from the passage?A. Her parents are probably also teachers.B. She worked in four counties altogether.C. She has taught in Flagler County since 2005.D. She once shared teaching strategies with Jill Stirling.61. To be a Flagler Teacher of the Year, one is required to .A. perform life-long learningB. show ability of leadershipC. be careful and respectfulD. share teaching strategies62. Which of the following is correct in order of time according to the passage?①Lee came to Flagler County.②Lee taught in Indian Trails K-8 school.③Lee was named Flagler County’s 2021 Teacher of the Year.④Lee wo rked in Pasco and St. Johns counties.⑤Lee was named as Teacher of the Year by Belle Terre Elementary School.A. ①④②③⑤B. ④②①⑤③C. ④①②⑤③D. ①②⑤③④DFarming is moving indoors, where the sun never shines, where rainfall is irrelevant(不相干的)and where the climate is always right. The perfect crop field could be inside a windowless building with controlled light, temperature, wetness, air quality and nutrition. It could be in a New York high-rise or a sprawling complex in the Saudi desert. It may be an answer to the world’s food problems.The world is already having trouble feeding itself. Half the people on Earth live in cities, and nearly half of those—about 3 billion—are hungry or ill-fed. Food prices, currently increasing, are buffeted by dryness, floods and the cost of energy required to plant, harvest and transport. And prices will only get more unstable. Climate change makes long-term crop planning uncertain. Farmers in many parts of the world are already using water available to the last drop. And the world is getting more crowded: by mid-century, the global population will grow from 6. 8 billion to 9 billion.To feed so many people may require expanding farmland at the expense of forests and wilderness, or finding ways to completely increase crop output.Gertjan Meeuws has taken the concept of a greenhouse a step further, growing vegetables and house plants in enclosed(封闭的)and regulated environments. In their research station, water flows into the pans when needed, and the temperature is kept constant. Lights go on and off, creating similar day and night, but according to the rhythm of the plant.A building of 100 square meters and layers(层)of plants could provide a daily diet of 200 grams of fresh fruit and vegetables to the entire population of Den Bosch, about 140, 000 people. Their idea is not to grow foods that require much space, like corn or potatoes.Here sunlight is not only unnecessary but can be harmful. Plants need only specific wavelengths of light to grow. Their growth rate is three times faster than under greenhouse conditions. They use about 90 percent less water than outdoors agriculture. And city farming means producing food near the consumer, and there’s no need to transport it long distances.63. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us?A. The climate is worse and worse.B. The city people live a hard life.C. The world has difficulty feeding its people.D. The world’s population is increasing fast.64. The underlined word “buffeted〞in Paragraph 2 means“〞.A. badly affectedB. preventedC. demandedD. well achieved65. It can be inferred from the text that Gertjan Meeuws’sfarming .A. helps save sea water a lotB. suits different conditionsC. is similar to greenhouse agricultureD. suits the production of corn66. What is the text mainly about?A. Development of indoor farming.B. Great Revolution in farming.C. Advantages of indoor farming.D. Sunless, rainless indoor farming.EDo American children still learn handwriting in school? In the age of the keyboard, some people seem to think handwriting lessons are on the way out. 90% of teachers say they are required to teach handwriting. But studies have yet to answer the question of how well they are teaching it. One study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting. Some teachers are teaching handwriting by providing instruction for ten to fifteen minutes a day, and then other teachers who basically teach it for sixty to seventy minutes a day—which really for handwriting is pretty much death.Many adults remember learning that way—by copying letters over and over again. Today’s thinking is that short periods of practice are better. Many experts also think handwriting should not be taught by itself. Instead, they say it should be used as a way to get students to express ideas. After all, that is why we write.Handwriting involves two skills. One is legibility, which means forming the letters so they can be read. The other is fluency—writing without having to think about it. Fluency continues to develop up until high school.But not everyone masters these skills. Teachers commonly report that about one fourth of their kids have poor handwriting. Some people might think handwriting is not important any more because of computers and voice recognition programs.But Steve Graham at Vanderbilt says word processing is rarely done in elementary school, especially in the early years. American children traditionally first learn to print, and then to write in cursive(连笔, 草书), which connects the letters. But guess what we learned from a spokeswoman for the College Board, which administers the SAT college admission test—more than 75% of students choose to print their essays on the test rather than write in cursive.67. We can infer from the first paragraph that .A. teachers spend little time in teaching handwritingB. most teachers attach importance to teaching handwritingC. handwriting teaching is not commonly requiredD. most teachers are at a loss on how to teach handwriting68. Which of the following about traditional handwriting in the USA is NOT true?A. The students are taught by practicing a long period.B. Printing is taught first in preference to writing in cursive.C. Handwriting is taught for its own sake.D. Two skills get involved in handwriting.69. Some American people consider handwriting not important any more because .A. all the American children learn to print firstB. about 1/4 of the students choose to print their essays on the testC. it is unnecessary to use handwriting in the age of keyboardD. computers and voice recognition programs are widely used70. What could be the best title for the passage?A. Handwriting: Fascinating in Keyboard AgeB. Right or Wrong: the Death of HandwritingC. Two Skills Involved in HandwritingD. Handwriting Lessons on the Way out第四书面表达(共两节, 总分值50分)第一节完成句子(共10小题; 每题2分, 总分值20分)阅读以下各小题, 根据汉语提示, 用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。
18英语本1 吴亚玲 23231118125
简报
〔2020年6月20日〕
为响应中共中央国务院《关于全面加强新时代大中小学劳动教育的意见》精神要求以及自身的切实需要,我做了一份兼职——服务员。
于四月份至五月份，双休日我都会去平坝新开的水城烙锅店做兼职。
我打工的平坝烙锅店——香锅里烙
作为服务员，工作较为辛苦，每天早上八点钟我就需要到达店里，首先我需要擦一楼以及二楼包房的窗户、桌椅、地板、烙锅以及所有卫生间。
打扫结束的一楼的一部分
做完所有的卫生工作之后，我需要准备食材，将所有需要的食材洗好、切好、装盘。
因为我所在的烙锅店有奶茶、饮品推出，所以我需要提前将绿茶、红茶、珍珠等等煮好备用，准备水果、冰粉的制作以及泡菜制作等等。
准备水果以及制作冰粉
奶茶饮品的制作
下午四点以后，客人陆陆续续到来，我需要上菜、为了防止食材糊以及客人第一次用砂锅吃烙锅不熟所以我需要帮客人翻烙锅，客人走后打扫卫生，如果没有客人就站岗。
我在给客人上菜
我在给客人翻菜
所有客人都散场之后，将所有的碗筷、烙锅清洗干净，大概凌晨一点到三点下班。
正是因为我在烙锅店的兼职经历，虽然非常辛苦，但是我学会了很多。
首先，我学会了做各种奶茶、甜品、冰粉、泡菜、凯里酸汤鱼、各种饭店炒饭以及向很多年长的阿姨学到了很多生活妙招。
除此之外，我逐渐意识到作为服务员的不易，也在以后的岁月里更加体谅每一位服务员，尊重他们、能自己解决的尽量少麻烦他们、尽量少制造垃圾让他们打扫，能丢在垃圾桶的不留在桌面上……最后，我学会了相处之道，最初做这份兼职时，在与另外一个兼职女生的对比下，我发现我最大的障碍是交际能力差，我慢慢地向她学习说话做事的方式方法，现在我切实体会到我的交际能力有所提升。