2013年高考英语一轮复习学案专题3：代词

注:everyone和every one
前者意思是"每个人"与everybody同义后面不可跟of短语后者意思是每个人或物
后面跟of短语。试比较
everyone in the classroom教室里的所有的人
He finished the work by himself. 他独自完成了那件工作。
反身代词在句子中也可作同位语用来加强名词或代词的语气,强调某人亲自、
本人这时它可能在名词、代词之后也可能在句子末尾。例
The students will clean the classroom themselves. 学生们将自己打扫教室。
①人称代词的用法
a.注:人称代词的排列一般为第二人称第三人称第一人称。
you, he and I them and us
如有其他代词时其他代词排列于人称代词之后如he, I and some others
②"It"的用法。
a.用作代词代替前文提到过的同一事物。
②one / it人称代词
one 代替可数名词表示上面所提到的那一类人或物中的一个其复数形式带定语时用ones
不带定语时用some。而it则用于指代上文提到的那个表示物的名词本身既可指单数可数
名词也可指不可数名词。
I don't have a watch but I'm going to buy one或some.
三、反身代词(Reflective Pronouns) myself, yourself , herself ,himself ,itself ,
ourselves ,yourselves ,themselves .
四、相互代词( Reciprocal Pronouns ) each other ,one another .
我们一人买了一本书。你的是关于管理的我的是关于美国历史的。
三。反身代词的作用
反身代词在句子中可作宾语当它作动词宾语时动作的执行者与承受者往往是同一个人或
同一件事物当它作介词by的宾语时则表示强调。例
The prisoner killed himself by taking poison. 犯人服毒自杀了。
What writers do you like best?
2which和who 两者都可作代词它们的区别是不管选择的范围是大还是小which一般
用作指物。
Which would you like to eat -steak or fish?
Who won the game -Smith or Johnson ?
I have a bicycle. My aunt gave it to me.
③no one / none
no one 只用于指人而none 既可指人也可指物。如果说"若干人物之中一个也不"用
"none of",后接复数名词时谓语可以用复数也可用单数后接不可数名词时谓语用单
引导宾语从句--作定语
I'll give my ticket to whoever wants it.
这里whoever可看成"anyone who"or"the person who".
七关系代词
关系代词是一种引导从句并起连接主句和从句作用的代词.关系代词有 who, whose, whom,
Where is the cat? It's in the kitchen.
My book is missing. I can't find it anywhere.
c.表示时间天气距离等。
A lovely day, isn't it? /It's two o'clock.
主代词+名词或者说它相当于名词。例
His dictionary is English-Chinese, but mine is English-English. 他的词典是英汉的我的是全英
的。
We each bought a new book. Yours is about management and mine is about the American history.
I myself heard him say it . 我亲耳听他说的。
四.相互代词each other ,one another.前者通常指两者之间的“相互”后者侧重三者或三者以上
的“相互”也可指两者之间的“相互”。
五.指示代词this/these一般用来指时间和空间上较近的人或物that/those 常指时间和
some 类用于肯定句any类用于否定和疑问句。
I know nothing of what had happened to him.
I have little rice, so I can't lend you any.
She is going to buy some new dresses.
Which subject is your best oБайду номын сангаасe?
所有疑问代词都可以起名词作用在句子中担任成分。
Who told you? /Whom are you waiting for?
Whose are those books?
在学习疑问代词时对以下几组词注意区别
在从句中担当主语宾语定语表语等成分。如
The question is who can operate the new machine.引导表语从句--作主语
They asked whose idea this was.引导宾语从句--作定语
When you are older, you can watch whatever programme you like.
数。如
No one told me that he had gone to Shanghai.
None of them have或hasarrived yet.不用no one
None of the money is mine.
④some / any /no /every +thing, one, body等。
1 which和what
两者均可与名词连用就人或物提问。但是which一般用于有一定选择范围的情况what
用于无选择范围或究竟是什么还不清楚的情况。
Which colour do you like-green, red, yellow or brown?
What colour is her dress?
空间上较远的人或物。
进行比较时that可代替不可数名词或单数特指名词以避免重复those 可代替复数名词
以
免重复。
六。疑问代词
用于构成特殊疑问句其中what, which, whose兼有形容词特征可以和名词连用。
What job do you want to find? /Whose girl is she?
The newly-built house is our laboratory. 那幢新建的房子是我们的实验室。
Anything has its character individually. 任何事物都有其各自的特征。
名词性物主代词则可以在句中充当主语、宾语、表语。它的意义= 形容词性物
八、不定代词( Indefinite Pronouns ) any , some ,every , many , much , a little .
一人称代词
人称代词分主格和宾格两种前者在句子中担任主语后者担任动词或介词的宾语。They
study German. / Please pass me the ruler.
2013年高考英语一轮复习学案专题3代词 【备考策略】
代词是用来指代人或事物的词。代词可分为下列八类
一、人称代词( Personal Pronouns ) 主格I , you ,she ,he ,it , we ,you ,they宾格me ,you ,her ,him,
that, which. 它们在句中可用作主语,表语,宾语,定语. 在主句中,它们还代表着从句所修饰的
那个名词或代词.
八。 不定代词
①all / both
a.both用于两个人或事物all用于两个以上的人或事物均可作主语。
All (of us) like fruits. /Both (of them) are good at English.
We think it important that college students should master at least one foreign language.
e.用在强调结构中。为了强调句子的某一成分通常是主语宾语或状语常用强调结构
"It is (was) + 被强调成分 + that(或who)…"。
b.用作同位语。作主语同位语时须注意它们的位置不同位于行为动词之前位于be动词
之后。
They all (或both) agreed with me. /They are all (或both) very healthy.
I know them all (或both).
It was Liu Ming that I saw in the street this morning.
It was in the classroom that he told me about it.