香港中文大学2012-2013汉语语言学与语言习得专业ma笔试题

2012-13 CUHK Recruitment TestMA in LinguisticsMA in Chinese Linguistics and Language AcquisitionName __________________________Email __________________________Phone __________________________University __________________________City __________________________Province __________________________Section OneAnswer all the questions in this section.Question 1Analyze the following data and decide if [s] and [z] are allophones of the same phoneme or belong to different phonemes.Look at the following data involving allomorphic variation:i.lokanta ‘a restaurant’lokantada ‘in/at a restaurant’ii.kapɯ‘a door’kapɯda ‘in/at a door’iii.randevu ‘an appointment’randevuda ‘in/at an appointment’iv.baʃ‘a head’baʃta ‘in/at a head’v.kitap ‘a book’kitapta ‘in/at a book’vi.koltuk ‘an armchair’koltukta ‘in/at an armchair’vii.taraf ‘a side’tarafta ‘in/at a side’(note: ɯ is a high back unrounded vowel)(a) What kind of morphological means does this language employ to express themeaning ‘in/at’?(b) What are the allomorphs of this morpheme?(c) Describe their distribution in the data.(d) What phonological process is involved in such distribution?Question 3What are the possible meanings of ‘unlearnable’ and ‘undoable’? Draw tree diagrams to explain their possible meanings.John drew two structures for the sentence “The technician will fix it tomorrow.”Professor Huang considered Structure A to be the right structure. Please give reasons why Structure A is better than Structure B.Question 5The sentence ‘The student hit the teacher with a ruler’is ambiguous. Illustrate the meaning differences with tree diagrams and appropriate linguistic labels.Explain the difference in use between think of and think about. Look at the concordance lines provided below, taken from a corpus of informal spoken conversation. Are there any generalizations that can be made that would help a learner know when to use think of and when to use think about?THINK OFstank. Then, as he was trying to think of something to say to her (allyes, wedding presents. We must think of something. You probably don’t racking my brains for three hours to think of something, I simply cannot lasta second catastrophe. I tried to think of something to say myself, but myoffered frills. Nicandra tried to think of something pleasing to say: only you were here, then we could think of something to do. “Christopher groaning quietly, perhaps trying to think of something that summed up what let said nothing. He had tried to think of something to say, but the onlylunch?’ ‘Ah me, the young! You think of nothing but your stomachs.sympathy and collusion. But I can think of nothing to say. Perdie says,she tried to speak, but she could think of nothing, and her mother, shiftinganything so familiar, and he could think of nothing on earth to say. Itman in the word.’ ‘As he could think of nothing else, Martin repeatedBut try as she might, she could think of nothing to say like that, fiercelistening. ‘Can we ourselves think of nothing that needs to be done?‘what an idiot I was not to think of it before! You all right Elfie?…no, wait a minute, come to think of it you’re finding. hmm.or him, on other occasions, come to think of it. We’ve been aware of each happened to those kids. And come to think of it, Hamelin’s rats and children like that five years ago, come to think of it, or even ten. It’s thewash his feet, he had seen, come to think of it, the moon not too remote fromprobably cheaper than Selina, come to think of it, what with the hotel mark could have. I didn’t happen to think of it then. ‘And when did youher pregnant. Better not even to think of it. Just go on hating him,and done with. Don’t let us ever think of it again. My family always ‘H ow nice. What did you think of it?’ Patrice held her breath,THINK ABOUTYou wouldn’t just think about it it’s just gone isn’t it Well that’s a good way, if you think about it he’s got, he’s got fourmore, I mean they can wear, if you think about it they were suits in the When you think about it, yeah he was So what ‘It seems easier that way when you think about it dunnit? Mm it’s a lot be does that come from? Oh when you think about it Pledge, why do they call wasn’t the money really when you think about it because at end of day, more. I mean they can wear if you think about it they wear suits in the week! And why, they won’t need to think about it, they can talk you out of penetrating at lasers. ‘We might think about that, ‘I say at last.I’ll h ave to start and think about that train, Dwight.see it. That’s the way I like to think about that sort of place. It’s another way, but I don’t want to think about that for a while. ‘Timothyget eight to twenty-five. Now think about that. The district attorneySection TwoAnswer one of the questions in either English or Chinese:Question 1Pennington & Richards (1986: 219) remarked: ‘Pronunciation forms a natural link to other aspects of language use, such as listening, vocabulary, and grammar.’ Discuss the role of pronunciation plays in second language acquisition. How important do you think it is for L2 learners to acquire good pronunciation skills at the initial phase of their language acquisition? To facilitate your work, you may choose one of the following aspects and discuss in depth your understanding of the issues involved:a.vocabulary buildingb.speech intelligibilityc.phonological processes in readingd.general speech processingYou may discuss other related issues as well.(Reference: Pennington, M. C., & Richards, J. C. (1986). Pronunciation revisited. TESOL Quarterly, 20(2), 207-225.)Question 2Evaluate the following sentences produced by a learner of Chinese. Correct the sentences if they are ungrammatical, and justify your analysis with detailed explanation, showing your understanding of the Chinese grammar.1)来北京前，我不对北京熟悉。