英语一致关系
英语中的十大“一致”
英语中的十大“一致”作者：刘鹏来源：《中学生英语·中考指导版》2014年第08期英语中存在着多种“一致”现象，这是其区别于汉语的显著特点之一。
它广泛出现在单项选择、完形填空、短文改错和书面表达等题型中。
英语中“一致”问题主要体现在以下十点：一、主谓一致这是最普遍最基本的一致。
主要有三个原则：1. 语法一致语法一致指主语在数和人称上与谓语动词、助动词在语法上保持一致。
在这方面常犯的错误是第三人称单数与谓语不一致。
所以应保持人称与数的一致。
例如：a. There are some differences between the two words.b. The boy goes to school by bike every day.c. He has an hour for sports after classes every afternoon.d. The teacher， with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class， ______ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.A. wasB. wereC. had beenD. would be该题答案为A。
2. 概念一致概念一致指主语的数和谓语动词、助动词在概念上保持一致。
这种情况下只有吃透词的含义，弄清语境，才能把握好主语的数。
例如：a. My family is a happy one.（family 指“家庭”时，为单数。
）b. My family are watching TV now.（family指“家庭成员”时，为复数。
）c. Every possible means has been tried.（means受every制约，为单数。
）d. All means have been tried.（means受all制约，为复数。
）涉及概念一致的名词主要有以下几种：（1）形复意单，为单数：the United States， news，physics， maths等。
英语主谓一致
英语主谓一致“一致”是指句子成分之间或词语之间在语法形式上的协调关系。
主谓一致指主语和谓语动词之间在“人称”和“数”的方面的一致关系。
一、指导原则1、语法一致主语和谓语动词之间的一致关系主要表现在“数”的形式上，即用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致。
如果名词中心词是复数，动词就该用复数形式；如果名词中心词不是复数，而是单数名词或不可数名词，动词便用单数形式。
这种一致关系叫做“语法一致”。
例如：Both boys have their own merits（长处，优点）.Few students are really lazy.Many people want to go.Two girls were standing on the corner.Each boy has his own book.Every girl comes on time.Either answer is correct.Much effort is wasted.2、意义一致和就近原则有时，主语和谓语动词的一致关系并非取决于语法上的单、复数形式，而是取决于主语的单、复数意义：比如有时主语在语法形式上并非复数，但有复数意义，随后的动词便用复数；反之，主语在语法形式上时复数，而在意义上可视为单数，随后的动词也用单数。
这种一致关系叫做意义一致。
例如：The government have asked the country to decide by a vote（选举）.Fifteen miles seems like a long walk to me.Fifty-six dollars was stolen from the cash register(现金出纳机).有时，谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语（主要指名词）的单、复数形式，这种一致关系所依据的原则叫做“就近原则”。
例如：Either my brothers or my father is coming.Only one out of five were present.No one except his own supporters agree with him.Neither Julia nor I am going.二、以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题1、以–s 结尾的疾病名称和游戏名称英语中有一些疾病名称是以-s结尾的，如arthritis(关节炎)，bronchitis(支气管炎)，rickets（软骨病），mumps（腮腺炎）, diabetes(糖尿病)等，这类名词通常作单数用。
英语语法——主谓一致
主语复－－谓语复 ; 主语单---பைடு நூலகம்-谓语单
A knife and fork_i_s_ used to have meals.
（and 后无冠词） 指同一个人
（and 后无冠词）
The singer and dancer__is__ on the stage.
指一副刀叉
主语复－－谓语复 ; 主语单-----谓语单
主语形单意复，谓语用复数 主语形复意单，谓语用单数
谓语的单复数形式 取决于最靠近他的主语。
“主语+ 附属结构” 作主语 谓语与主语一致
语法一致
主语复－－谓语复 ; 主语单-----谓语单
1．常见复数形式名词：
（1）Trousers、scissors(剪刀)、 clothes、goods(货物)、glasses、shoes
Every boy and every girl in the class _______(be) diligent. No sound and no voice _______(be) heard.
主语复－－谓语复 ; 主语单-----谓语单
7. many a, more than one, one and a half与单数名词组成的短语 ——— 谓语动词用单数
主形单意复，谓语复；主形复意单，谓语单
2. 有些以-s 结尾的名词虽形式是复数， 但意义上是单数（形复意单）谓语用单
① Every means _h_a_s___ been tried since then. ② No news __i_s_ good news. (is / are) ③ Maths / physics __i_s__ the subject that I like most. (is / are)
英语中主谓一致解析
英语中主谓一致解析主谓一致（Subject- Verb Agreement），指”人称”和”数方面的一致关系.如: He is going abroad. They are playing football.可分为:语法一致，内容一致，就近一致.（一）语法一致原则:即主语为单数，谓语用单数，主语为复数，谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项:1. 单数主语即使后面带有with ，along with，together with，like（象），but （除了），except，besides，as well as，no less than，rather than（而不是），including，in addition to 引导的短语，谓语动词仍用单数.如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质.No one except two servants was late for the dinner.除了两个仆人外，没有一个人迟来用餐。
2. 用and连接的并列主语，如果主语是同一个人，同一事，同一概念，谓语动词用单数，否则用复数. 如:The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.（一个人）A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. （两样物）用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体，如:bread and butter（黄油抹面包），knife and fork（刀叉）等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
3. 不定式（短语），动名词（短语），或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数. 如:Serving the people is my great happiness.为人民服务是我最大的幸福.When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。
英语语法---主谓一致
第一讲主谓一致“一致”（Concord 或Agreement）是指句子成分之间词语之间在语法形式上的协调关系。
主要有主语与动词的一致，主语与补语的一致，限定词与名词中心词的一致，人称代词与并列和非并列先行词的一致，名词与名词或代词的一致。
“主谓一致”是指主语和谓语动词之间在人称和数的方面的一致关系，这又叫做“主——动一致”（Subject ——verb Concord）。
1. 主谓一致三原则主语和随后的动词(词组)，即谓语动词之间的一致关系常为三种不同的原则所支配，即语法一致原则(Grammar Concord)，意义一致原则(Notional Concord)和就近原则(Principle of Proximity)。
1.1 语法一致指作主语的名词中心词是复数，动词就用复数形式；如果名词中心词是单数名词或不可数名词，动词就用单数形式。
例如：Both boys have their own merits.In my heart are peace and goodwill.The elevator works very well.Much effort is wasted.1.2 意义∕概念一直指主语和动词的一致关系并非取决于语法上的单、复数形式，而是取决于主语的单、复数意义。
有时主语在语法形式上并非复数，但有复数意义，随后的动词就用复数；主语在语法形式上是复数，而在意义上可视为单数，随后的动词用单数。
例如：The jury has asked more time.The jury are unable to agree.Fifty minutes isn’t enough time to finish this test.“ Senior citizens” means people over sixty.1.3 就近原则指谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语的单、复数形式，而不是与充当主语的名词短语中心词相一致。
英语知识主语和谓语的一致关系学习材料
英语知识主语和谓语的一致关系学习材料1.主语和谓语的一致关系:谓语要与主语在人称和数上保持一致:Her dreams have come true.Her dream has come true.She often arrives at school late.They often arrive at school late.It is getting dark.Eggs are getting scarcer.I am getting bored.2.确定主语单复数的三个原则:2 –1. 语法上一致的原则:The boy plays football well.The boys play football well.It is bitterly cold.I am very cold.2 –2. 概念上一致的原则:My family are all early risers. (指家中的全体成员, 有复数含义)His family has moved into the new house. (指整个家, 用作单数)Five minutes is enough. (一个时间段, 看作单数)The crew are waiting for instructions from the captain. (指全体船员, 复数)2 –3. 邻近词一致的原则:Neither he nor they are wholly right.Neither Tom nor the Browns enjoy their journey to Beijing owing to the bad weather.Either your key or my key is missing.Not only but also their teacher has participated in the party.He or I am in the wrong.-what’s worth visiting there?-well, there’s the park, the castle and the museum.3. 主谓一致的具体原则:3 –1. 根据语法一致的原则确定谓语形式:单数主语+ 单数谓语; 复数主语+ 复数谓语The teacher encourages the students to speak freely.My wages are low, but me taxes are high.Their house has nine room.It always pays to give your paper one final check.在“主语+系词+表语结构”中, 系动词要与主语的数保持一致, 不受其表语的影响.Their greatest concern is the children.The most appreciated gift was the clothes that you sent us.What we need most is books.Paul is friends with bill.在“单数名词(主语)+(together)with+名词”结构中谓语只与主语保持一致, 这是因为上述短语只起修饰主语的作用, 而非主语的一部分.短语:Along with, as well as, in addition to, accompanied by, rather than, as much as, no less than, including, besides, except, but, like.The factory with all its equipment has been burnt.You as well as I are wrong.The manager, along with his secretaries, is going to a dinner party tonight.An expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help in this work. The teacher, as much as the parents, is to blame for the accident.Mr. Robbins, accompanied by his wife, is arriving tonight.3 –2 主语含有and时的谓语形式:“单数名词+ and + 单数名词”作主语, 谓语动词用复数.Reading, writing and arithmetic are called the three R’s.Joe and Bob are smart.He and I are good friends.The poet and the novelist were both present at the meeting.如果由and 所连接的并列主语指的是同一个人或物事, 谓语动词用单数. The statesman and poet was engaged in warfare all his life.A teacher and novelist is going to make a speech in the hall.A / The + 单数名词人+ and + 单数名词人+ 单数谓语指同一个人身兼两种职务.A / The + 单数名词人+ and + a/the + 单数名词+ 复数谓语指不同职务的两个人.The conductor and composer was greeted by a crowd of people.The conductor and the composer were greeted by a crowd of people.一下已被看成一个整体, 因而做主语时, 谓语动词用单数.Knife and fork, needle and thread, a cup and saucer, a horse and carriage, trial and error, law and order, etc.Law and order has been established.Bread and butter is our daily food.Fish and chips is a popular fast food.The stars and stripes is the natioanl flag of USA.The sum and substance of the speech was antiwar.主语为“every / each + 单数名词+ and + (every / each +) 单数名词”时, 谓语用单数.Every man, woman, and child needs love.Each boy and girl was given a book.Each book and each paper is held in place.Every minute and every second is precious.主语为“形容词+ and + 形容词+ 不可数名词或复数可数名词”, 并且是涉及到该名词的品种或类别时, 谓语动词用复数.Chinese and british beer are served at the pub.Cooling draft beer is served at the pub.Clever and dull students are treated alike.There is a black and white picture on the wall.当“both …and ”连接两个单数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用复数.Both his brother and sister are married.Both whales and dolphins are mammals.3 –3 根据邻近词一致的原则确定谓语形式:用or 连接两个名(代)词作主语时, 依据“邻近原则”确定谓语形式. George or Tom is wanted.George or I am wrong.Were you or he there?用either …or 连接连个名代词作主语时, 邻近原则.Either John or his friends are to blame for the bad results.Either the shirts or the sweater is a good buy.Not only …but also …; not …but …连接两个名代词作主语时, 邻近原则.Not only Mary but also John was invited to the party.Not the students but their teacher is invited to the party.3 –4 谓语用单数形式的情况:动名词, 动词不定式或主语从句作主语.Reasing is a great pleasure in life.To live means to creat.That we need more time is obvious.数词或“数词+ 复数名词(表示时间, 距离, 金额, 重量, 大小, 体积等)”作主语.Eight hours of sleep is enough.Five is an odd number.A hundred miles is quite a drive, isn’t it?Five tons is a heavy load.Ten dollars is too much to pay for that shirt.复数形式的专有名词作主语.The Philippines consists of more than 7,000 islands.The United Nations has its head quarters in New York City.The Times has a large circulation.“many a / more than one + 单数名词”作主语.Many a little makes a mickle.Many a ship has been wrecked on those rocks.More than on grammatical mistakes was found in his composition.表示群意义的词组, 如: a flock of birds, a pack of dogs, a pride of lions, a herd of cattle, a school of fish 作主语.A flock of birds is circling overhead.The herd of cattle is breaking away.3 –5 谓语用复数形式的情况:trousers, pants, pyjamas, shorts, pliers, scissors, pincer, tongs, glasses,spectacles, tights, compasses等;一般都用复数形式, 但当这些词前面有单数量词时, 谓语动词常用单数形式. Where are my scissors?There is a pair of scissors on the table.有些集合名词作主语时, 要用复数形式的谓语.Sheep, Cattle, Police, Poultry, militia, people等;Cattle feed on grass.The police are looking into the matter.“Several / (a) few / both / many + (of+) 复数可数名词或上述词”单独用作主语时, 谓语用复数形式.Several of you need to work harder.Several have already written to me.3 –6 谓语用单复数皆可的情况:有些名词形式上是复数, 但做主语, 谓语多用单数, 也可以用复数形式. Means, works, tidings, headquarter等;The firm’s headquarters are / is in London.The good tiding come / comes too late.There is / are no means of finding out what happened.The steel works is / are closed for the holiday.数词组成的数学算式作主语, 谓语单复亦可:Two and three is/are five.Twice two make/makes four.一些复数形式疾病名称作主语, 通常用单数, 复数也可以.The measles is an infectious illness.Mumps is/are fairly rare in adults.3 –7 不定代词作主语时的谓语形式:由any, some, no, every 与body, one, thing 构成的不定代词作主语或主语的一部分, 谓语用单数.Somebody, anyone, nothing, everyone等;Everybody is doing his best.There is nothing you can do to help.There’s something interesting in the newspaper.“each, each + 单数可数名词; each of + 复数名词”作主语时, 谓语用单数形式.Each arrives on time.Each of the building blocks is painted a different colour.Each boy has tried twice.Each 位于复数主语之后, 不影响主语的数, e.g. The boys each have an apple.Either, neither 作主语或主语一部分时, 谓语用单数形式:Either is acceptable.Either one is good enough for me.Is/are either of them a doctor?Neither is/are to blame.Neither answer is correct.Neither of us wants/want to do it.注意, neither, either of 和neither of 等用于否定或疑问句时, 特别在口语中, 也可以跟复数谓语.All, some, more, most 作主语或主语一部分时上述+ 不可数名词作主语, 谓语用单数;上述+ 复数可数名词作主语, 谓语用复数形式;All hope has gone.Some money was spent on books.All roads lead to Rome.Most Arabic speakers understand Egyptian.All is going well.There’s some in the pot.The most you can hope for is five dollars.All are agreed on this point.Some are wise and some are otherwise.Many people support the proposal, but more are against it.All, some, more, most 与of 连用时:同样原则;All of this is yours.Some of the book is good.Some of the food has been eaten, but not all of it.Most of his writing is rubbish.Most of the books on that shelf are in English, and the rest are in Russian or French.None 作主语或主语一部分时:-Is there any milk in the cup?-No, there is none.None have arrived.None has returned from the meeting.“None of + 名词”作主语:None of us is perfect.None of the guests want to stay.None of this money is yours.None of these suggestions is/are very helpful.Any 用作主语或主语一部分:Any is better than none.Any is good enough for me.Give me some if there are/is any.If there is any trouble, let me know.Any child wants to know that.There are scarcely any flowers in the garden.Any of these authorities are/is reliable.I don’t think any of us want/wants to work tomorrow.Is there any more of this stuff?Half 用作主语或主语一部分:Half was damaged.Half are here.I broke the chocolate into halves, and here’s your half.Half his time was wasted.Half the soldiers were killed.Half my class has/have obtained driver’s licenses.Half of the apple was rotten.Half of the time was spent in the country.Half of the fruit is bad.Half of my class has/have obtained driver’s licenses.Half of them are here.Half of the plums are bad.Enough 作主语或主语的一部分:Enough has been said on this matter.Enough are here to constitute a quorum.There is enough food for everybody.There are enough players for a game.3 –8 表示数量的短语作主语时的谓语形式:A lot of, lots of, plenty of, the percentage of, 分数词+ of, a quantity of, quantities of 作主语的一部分时:Two-fifths of the money is mine.Two-fifths of the students in the class are from Arabic-speaking countries.There was quantities of rain this fall.Lots of my friends are here.There were a quantity of people in the hall.A great deal of, an amount of, (a) little of, much of 与不可数名词连用时, 谓语用单数:Much of that furniture is uncomfortable.Little of the equipment was standardized.There is a limited amount of oil in the world.A good many, a great many, a number of 与复数可数名词连用, 谓语用复数.There were a great (good) many people in the park.A number of students were absent.“the number of + 复数名词+ 单数谓语”, 因为the number of 的词义为“…的数目”, 如the number of days in a week is seven.3 –9 there be 句型中的谓语形式:There be 句型中, be 的形式通常取决于be后的主语的数;There aren’t any letters in the mail for you today.There isn’t any mail for you today.There’re some good programs on TV.非正式英语中, 如果there be 后是由and 连接的并列主语, 可以用复数谓语, 也可以依据邻近词一致的原则来确定谓语形式.There are a blue pen and a yellow notebook on her desk.There is a blue pen and a yellow notebook on her desk.3 –10 需经判断来确定句子的谓语形式:1.集合名词作主语如果集合名词被看作是一个整体, 或一个组织, 谓语动词用单数形式The graduating class is in the laboratory.The audience was rather small.A team which is full of enthusiasm is more likely to win.如果着重其各组成部分或成员的行动, 谓语用复数形式.The class were all cheerful.The audience were excited by his speech.The team were talking over some new plays.常用集合名词:Army, audience, club, class, committee, crew, faculty, troop, group, organization, government, jury, public, school, staff, team 等;2.物主代词作主语Mine is a new bike.Theirs are old bikes.3.“the + 形容词”作主语指人时, 谓语用复数The rich get richer and the poor get poorer.The good are well rewarded, and the bad are punished.The old are a part of the society.指抽象概念时, 谓语用单数The old gives place to the new.The beautiful exists in contrast with the ugly.4.以–ics 结尾的学科名词作主语一些这样的词作学科名称时, 谓语用单数Physics was his major.Mathematics is her strongest subject.Strategy wins wars, tactics wins battles.这样的名词作普通名词, 谓语用复数What are the economics of the project?The latest statistics tell the truth of facts.Your mathematics are not so good.Politics [单数]政治学[复数]政治活动或手腕Statistics 统计学统计数字或资料Tactics 兵法, 战术策略, 手法Acoustics 声学建筑物的传声性Economics 经济学经济因素或财务上的考虑An army commander must be skilled in tactics.These tactics are unlikely to help you.Statistics is a branch of mathematics.These statistics show that there are 57 deaths per 1000 children born.Acoustics is taught in this college.The acoustics of the theatre are very good.5.What / which / who 等疑问代词作主语或主语一部分Which is your favourite subject?Which are your favourite subjects?Who is the woman in the black hat?Who are the men in white coats?What she said is true.What she left me are a few old books.。
英语中一致问题
英语的一致有三种:主谓一致，代词一致，肯定与否定一致一、主语与谓语的一致英语语法要求，主语如果是单数，谓语动词也要用单数形式;主语若是复数，谓语动词也要用复数形式例如:She likes to eat well.她好吃We all like good food.我们都喜欢好饭菜。
Everybody was happy with the decision. 人人都对这个决定感到高兴。
I am a doctor.我是个医生。
二、概念一致1. And连接的两个或多个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式His opinion and mine are different他的观点和我的是不同的。
Bob and Peter are deadly rivals. Bob和peter是死对头。
What she says and what she does are totally different. 她说的和做的完全不同。
但是如果and连接的是指一个单一概念时，谓语动词用单数。
Bread and milk has been my breakfast for years. 牛奶面包多年来一直是我的早餐。
Her lawyer and old friend is going to marry her.她的律师和老朋友要娶她。
All this effort and sacrifice has come to nothing. 所有这些努力和牺牲都白费了。
由and连接的单数主语分别有many a，ever y，each，no修饰时，动词用单数。
如：During the holidays, every train and every plane was crowded.假期期间每列火车及每架飞机都非常拥挤。
No boy and no girl has the right to refuse education. 男孩和女孩都没有拒绝教育的权利。
英语第三人称单数使用情况
如：There is/are no means of learning what is happening. 没法知道正在发生什么事。
No means is /are left untried. 没有没试过的方法了。
Man a man and man a woman was moved b this picture。许多男男女女都被这幅画感动。
2.如果主语是一个抽象概念(如不定式、动名词、主语从句等)谓语动词用单数形式。如果主语是用and连接的两个或多个抽象概念，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：Swimming jogging and cycling are all goad farms of sports exercises.游泳、慢跑和骑自行车都是很好的运动形式。
Bob and Peter are deadly rivals. Bob和peter是死对头。
What she says and what she does are totally different. 她说的和做的完全不同。
但是如果and连接的是指一个单一概念时，谓语动词用单数。
Bread and milk has been my breakfast for years. 牛奶面包多年来一直是我的早餐。
孩子们和老师都不知道这件事。
2.当there be结构后面有并列主语时，谓语也和最临近的那个一致。
如：There is a dictionary and many books on the table.
桌子上有一本词典和许多本书。
There' re ten chairs and a table in the house.
英语中的主谓一致情况
高三语法复习一主谓一致主谓一致必背重点主谓一致指：语法形式上要一致,即用作主语的名词中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上一致。
意义上要一致,即主语和谓语的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义。
就近原则：即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，1,"more than one +名词"作主语时,谓语动词常用单数.例如:More than one teacher gets the flowers. 不止一个教师得到了花.2, "many a +名词"作主语时,从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词常用单数.例如: Many a student has been sent to plant trees. 很多学生被派去植树.3,"half of, the rest of, most of, all of及百分数或分数+of 等后接名词"作主语时,谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定.例如:Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water.地球表面四分之三为水所覆盖.4,all指人时,动词用复数;all指物时,动词用单数.例如:All is right. (一切顺利.)All are present. (所有人都到齐了.)5,what引导的主语从句,谓语动词可视表语而定:表语是单数名词时,动词用单数,相反,则用复数.例如:What they want to get are a number of good books.他们想得到的是大量的好书.6,and连接的两个单数名词前若用each,every,no修饰,该名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式.例如:No book and no pen is found in the schoolbag.书包里没有书和钢笔.7,当主语后面有as well as, with, along with, together with, but, like, rather than, except等引导的短语时,谓语动词要与最前面的主语保持一致.例如: My father as well as his workmates has been to Beijing. 我父亲和他的同事曾去过北京.8, 代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语,或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数.Each of us has a tape-recorder.但each作主语的同位语时, 谓语动词由主语来决定,与each无关.例如:They each have a bike. 他们每人有一辆自行车.9,动词不定式,动词-ing形式短语作主语时,谓语动词常用单数.例如:Going out for a walk after supper is a good habit.晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯.10,the following作主语时,谓语动词的数与后面名词的数保持一致.例如:The following are good examples下面是一些好例子.11,以-ics结尾的学科名词,如politics,physics,mathematics等作主语时,谓语动词用单数.以-s结尾的名词news, works, plastics等同属此类.例如:Politics is now taught in all schools. 现在各学校都开设政治课.当以-ics结尾的学科名词表示"学科"以外的意义时，用作复数，如：mathematics（运算能力）politics(政治观点)economics（经济意义）等12,有些用来表示由两个对应部分组成一体的名词复数(trousers,glasses,shoes.shorts.scissors.scales等)作主语时,前面若有"一条","一副","一把"之类的单位词,动词用单数;若没有单位词或单位词是复数,则谓语动词用复数.例如: The shoes are all right. 这些鞋子都很合适.还有一些以-s结尾的名词通常用复数：arms（武器）.clothes.contents.minites（记录）.remains（遗体）.thanks等13,"one and a half +名词"作主语时,谓语动词要用复数.例如:One and a half apples are left on the table. 桌子上有一个半苹果.14,"One or two more +复数名词"作主语时,谓语动词用复数.例如:One or two persons are sent there to help them do the work. 要派一两个人到那儿去给他们帮忙.15,"one of+复数名词+ 定语从句"结构中,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数;而在"the only one of +复数名词+定语从句"的结构中,定语从句的谓语动词要用单数.例如: He is one of the students who get there on time.他是准时到达那里的学生之一.16,表示时间,距离,金钱等的复数名词作主语表达一个整体概念时,谓语动词常用单数,但若强调数量,谓语动词可用复数.例如:One million dollars is a lot of money. 一百万美元是一大笔钱.17.集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定.如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后用复数形式时,意为这个集体中的各个成员,用单数时表示该个集体.His family isn't very large. 他家不是一个大家庭.His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音乐爱好者.但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry(家禽).militia(民兵).vermin(害虫)等在任何情况下都用复数形式.Are there any police around18.有些名词,如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数,有时看作复数.A number of +名词复数+复数动词.。
高一英语“主谓一致”用法归纳
高一英语“主谓一致”用法归纳一、基本概念所谓一致关系(Agreement)就是在英语句子中各个成分之间必须在人称、数、性等方面要保持一定的语法关系。
在英语中最主要的一致关系是主语与谓语动词之间的一致。
在判断一个句子主语、谓语是否一致时，要遵循下列三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
一般来说，主语的单复数形式决定着谓语动词需要采用的单复数形式。
比较：The student studies very hard.这个学生学习非常努力。
The students study very hard.这些学生学习非常努力。
主谓一致的原则说起来简单，但在实际使用中遇到的情况要复杂很多。
在处理主谓一致的问题时，可依据上面提到的三个原则。
“语法一致”也就是平常说的从语法形式上取得一致，即主语为单数形式，谓语动词亦用单数形式。
“意义一致”就是从意义着眼来处理主谓语一致问题。
有时，主语形式为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词依意义而定，也采用复数形式。
“就近原则”是指谓语动词的人称和数往往和其最近的主语保持一致。
二、基本用法1.集合名词与谓语动词的一致集合名词作主语，如果表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式；如果强调其成员，则用复数形式。
常用的集合名词有：army,audience,class,club,committee,company,couple,crowd,family,flock,group,government,j-ury, majority,minority,organization,party,personnel,publ-ic,staff,team,union等。
The football team are discussing the problem with the coach now.足球队员们现在正在与教练讨论这个问题。
The police have caught the criminal.警察已经逮捕了那个罪犯。
主谓一致英语语法考点知识总结
主谓一致周容发布时间：2010-8-6 10:10:19英语中主语和谓语在人称和数上必须保持一致;这种一致关系一般遵循三条原则：语法一致原则、概念意义一致原则、毗邻一致原则;在用英语表达时,必须注意主谓一致,否则就容易出错;本文以三条原则为基础对英语主谓一致进行论述;1、语法上一致grammatial concord;主要指动词和主语在数和人称上的一致;传统语法规则大多符合这个原则;1〉主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式;例如：This girl is clever enough to study maths well.The masses have full confidence in the their leaders2〉、一些由两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具,作主语时,谓语通常用复数形式,如glasses 眼镜,clothes,trousers,shoes,compasses圆规,shopsticks,scissors,scales天平,spectacles眼镜,gloves,stochings,pants等;例如：His trousers have worn out .My glasses are new .但如果主语由“a kind of ,a pair of , a series of 等加名词”构成时,谓语动词一般用单数形式; 例如：A pair of shoes was in the box .“pair , piece + of + 名词或物主代词”作主语时,谓语动词与pair 和piece 等词保持一致,与of 之后的名词或代词无关;例如：The pieces of stone were then carried to the new place for the temple , 60 metres higher up the hill .They watched pairs of people who were sitting in college coffee—shops for at least an hour . 3〉、如果主语被more than one….或many a ….修饰时,尽管从意义上看是复数内容,但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式;这符合语法一致原则;例如：More than one student has seen the film .Many a ship has been damaged in the storm .但是,“more + 复数名词+ than one”结构之后,谓语动词一般多用复数形式;例如：More members than one are against your plan .4〉、each , every , no 所修饰的名词即使以and 或逗号连接成多个并列主语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;例如：Each boy and each girl wants to serve the people.No teacher and no student is excused from taking part in such a stormy discussion .In our country every boy and every girl has the right to education .5〉、由and 或both…and连结的主语有复数意义时,用复数动词;这是遵循语法上一致原则的;例如：A hammer and a saw are to be used .Both my sister and my cousin study in Shanghai .Plastics and rubber never rot .Walking and riding are good exercises .但是,并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数形式,这时and 后面的名词没有冠词;例如：The director and chief engineer is an experienced person .A knife and fork is on the table .The girl’s teacher and friend is a young doctor .Truth and honesty is the best policy .To love and to be loved is the great happiness .6〉、this kind of book = a book of this kind 这种书其谓语用单数；短语this kind of men = men of this kind = these kind of men 口语这一类人,但this kind of men 作主语,谓语用单数,men of this kind 和these kind of men 的谓语用复数;all kinds of 后跟复数名词,谓语用复数形式;例如：This kind of men is dangerous .Men of this kind are dangerous .This kind of man annoys me .There are three kinds of computer .Some new types of bus are on show .7〉、不定代词each , either , neither ,none , all, one , the other , anyone , anything ,someone , some , more…等作主语,因其有单数意义,谓语动词可用单数,以符合语法上一致原则;但在某特定情况下,不定代词也有复数概念,这时一般用复数动词;这样,语言流畅自然而且也符合概念上一致和紧邻一致原则;例如：Each takes a cup of coffee .Nobody is listening .Now all has been changed .All are present .I invited both Peter and John , but neither have come .I wonder if either are coming .The speech was tedious . Nobody , not even the teacher , were listening .但Either , none , any , 和neither 后面如果有“of + 复数名词或代词”,动词可以用复数,也可以用单数；在正式文体中,单数形式更常用;例如：Does any of you know his address .None of them has have seen the film .We are expecting guests from the country , but none of them has arrived .8〉、当主语后跟有as well as , as much as , no less than , along with , with ,like , rather than ,togeter with , but , except , besidees , including , in addition to等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的单、复数按主语中心词的单、复数而定;例如：The teacher as well as the students was excited .An iren and steel works , with some satellite factories , is to be built here .He , like you and Xiao Li is very clever .Nobody but Smith and John was in the laboratory yesterday .Every picture except these two has been sold .No one , besides Helen , Joan , Mary , and Alice ,is willing to help me .The factory , including its machines , was burnt last night .His sister no less than you is wrong .The father , rather than the brothers , is responsible for the accident .但以下两例除外,把它们可以看做受紧邻关系影响;No one except his own supporters agree . 张道真语法第426页GCE,One man with his wife , both looking very anxious , were pleading with a guard to let them through . GCE, , Note b9〉、关系代词who , that , which 等在定语从句中作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致;例如：Those who want to go please sign your names here .Some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun .Old stamps that have not been used are usually more expensive than used stamps .He , who does not reach the Great Wall ,is not a true man .10〉、在“It is 或It was + 被强调部分+ that / who….”的强调语句中,当强调主语时,who或that后的动词应与被强调的词保持一致;例如：It is he who often helps me .It is I who have saved his wife .11〉、在“one of + 复数名词+who / which / that”引导的的从句结构中,关系代词who \ that \ which的先行词是靠近它的复数名词而不是one,因此,从句中的动词应该是复数形式;例如：This is one of the most interesting questiongs that have been asked .但是,但one之前有the only 等修饰语时,关系代词的先行词是one,而不是靠近它的复数名词,因此从句的动词应用单数形式;例如：She was the only one of the grils who was late for the meeting .12〉、“分数或百分数+ 名词”构成的短语以及由“a lot of、lots of、plenty of、a large quanty of、the rest of、a heap of、heap of +名词”构成短语作主语时,其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词数保持一致,这是因为短语中of后面的名词是中心词,而名词前面的短语是修饰语;例如：70% of the earth’s surface is covered by water.I know that one of the towers is on the top of a hill , but the rest of the buildings are easy to get to.Three-fifths of the workers here are women.Lots of damage was caused by fire.Plenty of English books are on the shelf.A large quantity of beer was sold.A quantity of blouses were on sale.13 a great number of, many, a few, quite a few 修饰可数复数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词用复数；a little ,much ,a great deal of ,a large amout of 修饰不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数;例如：A number of other plants were found in America, for example, beans ,potatoes and different fruits.A great deal of trouble lies before us.A large amount of A great deal of damage was done in a very short time .14 large quantities of 修饰可数复数名词或不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数;Large amounts of 修饰不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数;例如：Quantities of food nuts were on the table .Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.15 the number of +可数复数名词,the amount of+不可数名词,the quantity of +可数复数名词或不可数名词构成的短语,作主语时,谓语动词用单数;例如：The quantity of books in the library is amazing.As a result, the number of people who travel by plane in China is larger than ever before .The quantity of heat in the office has not been increased .The amount of money is great.16 half of ,apart of 修饰可数名词单数及不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数；修饰可数名词复数时,谓语动词用复数;例如：Half of the year has passed .Half of the fruit is bad.A part of the stories are interesting.Part of his money is spent in buying books .17,动名词及动名词短语、动词不定式短语、从句,作主语时,谓语动词用单数;例如：Nodding the head means agreement ,while shaking it means disagreement .To hold the Olympic Games is a rich prize for a country .Whether he succeeds or fails doesn’t concern me.When they will come hasn’t been made public.That this had happened is not your fault..2. 概念意义上一致notional concord.指动词和主语在数上的一致是根据数的概念而不是根据数的形式;18某些集体名词,形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,作主语时,谓语动词用复数;例如：The police are searching for him.Cattle are one cause of the problem.The crowd were running for their lives .The Chinese people are brave and hare-working.但people 作“民族”讲时,谓语动词可用单数;例如:Every people has its own ways of living .The Chinese people is a brave and hard-working one.19主语形式为复数而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数;这类词有表示学科的名词：physics,economics, statistics,linguistics, athletics,politics,mathematics.有表示山川,河流,人名,地名,作品名称的专有名词;如：the Alps, the Philippines, Athens,Williams,The Times ,the United States, the Arabian Nights等;有些常见的形复意单的普通名词,如means, news ,works,, measles, headquarters等;例如：Mathematics is a very inpertant subject.Statistics is his major.The United States is in the western hemisphere.“The Arabian Nights ”is a very interesting storybook.Taday’s news is quite surpising.The Alps is in Europe.The glass works was rebiult in 1959.Athens is the capital of Greece.The Times has a wide circulation.Every means has been adopted.但有时这类词有复数意义,这时动词就要用复数;例如：All possible means have been tried, Statistics show that there is a great increase in production.20某些集体名词如family,team等作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式；如果就其中的个体而言,谓语动词用复数形式;这类名词有：audience,class,club,committee,company,crew,crowd,enemy,government,group,party,public,team, population等;例如：My family all love music.My family is not large.The football team are having baths now.The football team is playing well.The population in China is very large ,and eighty percent of the population in China are farmers. “a groupcrowdof+复数名词”等短语之后谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数,前者强调整体,后者强调部分;21单复数同形的名词作主语时,如,sheep,deer,Chinese,Japanese等,谓语动词根据意义决定单复数;例如：A sheep is over there.Some sheep are over there.Deer run faster than dogs.22名词所有格之后名词被省略的情况一般只指商店、工场、住宅等,作主语时,动词一般用单数;常见的省略名词有：the baker’s,the barber’s,the carpenter’s, the Zhang’s等;例如：Ｍy uncle’s is not far from here.The doctor’s is on the side of the street.表示店铺的名词一般作集体名词看待,但用作主语时,谓语动词往往用复数;例如：Richardson’s have a lot of leather goods to sell .23当词组中心词为表示度量,距离,金额,时间等复数名词时,往往可以根据意义一致原则,把这些复数名词看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数;例如：Three years has passed.Ten months is enough for them to make a trip.Five pounds is quite enough.24如果名词词组中心词是all,most,half,rest,part等词语,表示的是复数意义,谓语动词用复数形式,表示的是单数意义,谓语动词用单数;例如：All of my classmates work hard .All of the water is gone.25名词性物主代词后的动词,既可以用单数,也可以用复数,这取决与它所代替的是单数还是复数;例如：Ours our party is a great party.Your shoes are black ,mine are brown.26such,the same作指示代词用时,应根据其所指代的内容来决定单复数;例如：Such is our plan . Such are his words .27 、疑问代词who ,what , which作主语时,谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定单复数;例如：Who lives next door It is Xiao Liu ;Who live next door The Zhangs .Which is are your books .What produces heat28、基数词单纯表示数字作主语时,其谓语动词通常用单数形式,但当基数词表示的不是数值而是数量的时候,谓语动词可用复数形式;例如：Ten billion is a large number .Twelve were boys .英语中算术式作主语时,若是减法和除法算式,谓语动词通常用单数形式；若是加法和乘法,谓语动词有时也可用复数形式;例如;Three taken from eight leaves five .Twelve divided by four is threeThree and plus two is/are fourThree times fives is / are fifteen .在提问加、减、乘、除得数时,如果用how much,谓语动词多用单数形式；如果用how many 提问,位于动词多用复数形式;例如：How much is eight divided by twoHow many are two times five29、表示数量的one and a half后,名词要用复数形式;谓语动词的数视具体情况而定;中心词表示金钱、距离、时间等词,常被看作是一个整体,谓语动词习惯用单数；中心词是apple ,banana等可数名词时,位于动词习惯用复数,因为one and a half of是大于“一”的概念;例如：One and a half hours is enough for me to finish the composition .One and a half banana are left on the table .30 如果主语由“the + 形容词”结构充当时,谓语通常用复数,这类词有the brave,the poor,the rich,the blind,the dead ,the deef and dumb,the oppressed,the injured,the wounded,the unemployed等；但也有少数的过去分词与定冠词连用时指个别,则用单数;例如：Tht blind study in special schools .The rich are for the plan,but the poor are against it .The departed was a well-known engineer .31、the world 作主语,谓语动词一般用单数;例如：It will be the bigget live concert that the world has ever seen .The whole world is watching for the results of talks .Half the world lives below the poverty line32、由what 引导的主语从句,谓语动词通常用单数；所指的具体内容若是复数意义,谓语动词一般用复数形式;例如：What we need is more time .What we need are doctors ;What he says and does does not concern me .What he says and does do not agree .3、毗邻一直preximity;指的是动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数一致;33、由or, either….or, neither….nor, not only…but also…,not…but 连接两个主语时,谓语动词与最靠近它的那个词保持数的一致;例如;A few notebooks or some paper is what I need .Either the boys or Mary is wrong .Not only the boys but also the father was to blame .Not one but all of them are good .Neither the record nor the tapes are mine .但neither…nor 有both…and 的反面意思,有些语法家认为,不论nor后的主语是否是复数,习惯上也用复数动词;例如：Neither father nor mother agree 李学平,藩欢怀着当代英语语法概论P18434、在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词应与主语保持数的一致;如果主语为并列的几个词,谓语动词则和最近的那个词保持数的一致;例如：On the wall is a famous painting .On the wall were famous paintings .There is a pen and some books on the desk .There are two books and a pen on the desk .Between the two windows hangs a picture .There comes a young woman and her two children .英语主谓一致是一个简单而复杂的问题;说其简单是因为它一般都遵循语法上一致、概念上一致、毗邻一致三个原则；说其复杂是因为它可分为三十多种情况而且不同语法家的观点不尽相同;笔者按照自己的观点,打破以往传统语法着作对主谓一致依据词类做主语的分类论述,把主谓一致三十多种不同情况分别归属于三条原则下,使人一看便知遵循的是哪条原则,进而对主谓一致做出准确判断;主谓一致的三条原则尽管不同,但它们相互作用,相互包容,还有些特殊情况,本文在论述中,进行了一一论述;对一些有争议的问题,笔者认为应遵循从人们普遍能接受的说法;试看下面两组例子;One and a half pears is left on the table .徐立吾当代英语实用语法P431湖南教育出版社One and a half bananans are left on the table . 包天仁高中英语语法过关训练P214吉林教育出版社One in ten are expected to take part in the contests . 张道真,实用英语英法P426商务印书馆One out of ten has been assigned to do the decoration .李学平,藩欢怀当代英语语法概论P186 北京师范大学出版社。
英语主谓一致现象分析
英语主谓一致现象分析陈传光供稿一、语法一致原则语法一致的原则是指主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致：主语是单数形式，谓语也采取单数形式；主语是复数形式，则谓语亦采取复数形式。
例如：He often helps me learn English.（他经常帮我学英语。
）My friends often help me learn English.（我的朋友们经常帮我学英语。
）但主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致的问题远不止上述的那么简单，有许多方面的情况需要去具体地对待：1. 不定式、动名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
例如：To teach is to learn.（教学相长。
）；Eating vegetables is good foryou.（吃蔬菜对你好。
）2. 不定代词either 、neither 、each one 、the other 、another 、anybody 、anyone 、anything 、someone 、somebody 、something 、everyone 、everybody 、everything 、nobody 、no one 、nothing 等在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
例如：Everyone is ready for the sports meeting.（大家都为运动会做好准备了。
）；Neither of my sisters likes sports.（我的姐妹中没有人喜欢运动。
）【例1】Each of the club members ________ ready to help those who were in trouble.A. isB. areC. wasD. were【解析】“each of +名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；由于后面句子“who were in trouble ”中的谓语用一般过去时态，因此前面空格上也要用一般过去时。
2英语中一致关系
英语中的一致关系及省略和倒装的用法第一部分：语法讲解所谓一致关系就是在英语句子中各个成分之间必须在人称、性、数等方面保持一定的语法关系。
一致关系必须遵循三个原则：即语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。
语法一致：主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式，谓语动词为复数形式。
如：The number of mistakes was surprising.错误的数量很惊人。
Jane and Mary look healthy and strong.简和玛丽看起来很健康也很强壮。
意义一致：主语形式虽为单数，意义为复数，谓语动词要用复数形式。
如：My family are having super now.我们一家人正在吃晚饭。
主语形式为复数而意义上却是单数，谓语动词要用单数形式。
如：Thirty dollars is too expensive for the dictionary.这本词典30美元太贵了。
就近一致：谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。
如：Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且学生也喜欢踢足球。
一致关系包括：主语和谓语的一致、名词和代词的一致、主语与状语逻辑主语的一致和同等成分的一致等。
一、主语和谓语的一致1. 名词作主语1)集合名词作主语时，如果表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中的个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：The audience was enormous.观众人数很多。
The audience were enjoying every minute of it.观众们正津津有味地欣赏着它。
常见的这部分词有：family, group, staff, army, board, class, committee, crew, government等2)有些集合名词，如：cattle, folk, people, police, youth等，只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。
英语一致关系
主谓一致1.概述主谓一致（Subject-verb Agreement ）是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。
主谓一致必须遵循三个原则：(1)语法形式上要一致，即主语的单复数形式与谓语要一致。
(2)意义上要一致，即谓语动词的单复数形式由主语所表达的单、复数意义决定。
(3)就近一致，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的那个名词或代词。
2. 用法2.1语法形式一致2.1.1.单数主语、单个动词不定式、动名词短语以及句子作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。
and连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时，谓语动词用复数。
例如：Tom is a good student.To work hard is necessary.（It is necessary to work hard.）Serving the people is my great happ iness.Whether we’ll go depends on the w eather.Children like to play toys.Jane, Mary and I are good friends.He and my father work in the samefactory.What I think and what I seek have been fairly reflected in my paper.我所思考的和我所寻求的都在这个论文中体现了出来。
2.1.2.如果主语后跟有with, together with, except, but, perhaps , like, including, as well as, no less than, more than, rather than等引起的短语，谓语动词仍与短语前的主语的形式保持一致。
如：Alice with her parents often goes to the park on Sundays.Alice as well as her friends was invited to the concert.The father, rather than the brothers,is responsible for the accident.He, like you and Xiao Liu is very diligent.Every picture except these two has been sold.Nobody but Mary and I was in the classroom at that time. Nobody, but Jane knows the secret.The man, together with his wife and children sits on the sofa watching TV.2.1.3. Each和something等不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，常见的有either, neither, each, one, the other, another, little, a little, much以及somebody, someone, something,anyone, anything, anybody, everyone, everything, everybody, no one, nothing, nobody等（不含none）。
英语的一致关系的语法解释
英语的一致关系的语法解释英语的一致关系的语法解释一致关系英语的一致有三种:主谓一致，代词一致，肯定与否定一致一、主语与谓语的一致英语语法要求，主语如果是单数，谓语动词也要用单数形式;主语若是复数，谓语动词也要用复数形式例如:We all like good food.我们都喜欢好饭菜。
Everybody was happy with the decision. 人人都对这个决定感到高兴。
二、概念一致1. And连接的两个或多个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式 His opinion and mine are different他的观点和我的是不同的。
Bob and Peter are deadly rivals. Bob和peter是死对头。
但是如果and连接的是指一个单一概念时，谓语动词用单数。
Bread and milk has been my breakfast for years. 牛奶面包多年来一直是我的早餐。
由and连接的单数主语分别有many a，ever y，each，no修饰时，动词用单数。
如：During the holidays, every train and every plane was crowded.假期期间每列火车及每架飞机都非常拥挤。
2.如果主语是一个抽象概念(如不定式、动名词、主语从句等)谓语动词用单数形式。
如果主语是用and连接的两个或多个抽象概念，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：Swimming jogging and cycling are all goad farms of sports exercises.游泳、慢跑和骑自行车都是很好的运动形式。
以what，who，why，haw, whether等wh一词引起的.从句做主语时，谓语动词通常用单数;由and连接的两个主句如果指两件事，动词用复数。
例如:What he is doing is not clear yet他在干什么还不清楚以what从句为主语的“主一系一表SVC"句型中，如果主句的表语是复数，主句谓语动词用复数形式;what从句本身是复数意义，主句谓语动词也可用复数。
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主谓一致1.概述主谓一致（Subject-verb Agreement）是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。
主谓一致必须遵循三个原则：(1)语法形式上要一致，即主语的单复数形式与谓语要一致。
(2)意义上要一致，即谓语动词的单复数形式由主语所表达的单、复数意义决定。
(3)就近一致，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的那个名词或代词。
2. 用法2.1语法形式一致2.1.1.单数主语、单个动词不定式、动名词短语以及句子作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。
and连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时，谓语动词用复数。
例如：Tom is a good student.To work hard is necessary.（It is necessary to work hard.）Serving the people is my great happiness.Whether we’ll go depends on the weather.Children like to play toys.Jane, Mary and I are good friends.He and my father work in the same factory.What I think and what I seek have been fairly reflected in my paper.我所思考的和我所寻求的都在这个论文中体现了出来。
2.1.2.如果主语后跟有with, together with, except, but, perhaps , like, including, as well as, no less than, more than, rather than等引起的短语，谓语动词仍与短语前的主语的形式保持一致。
如：Alice with her parents often goes to the park on Sundays.Alice as well as her friends was invited to the concert.The father, rather than the brothers, is responsible for the accident.He, like you and Xiao Liu is very diligent.Every picture except these two has been sold.Nobody but Mary and I was in the classroom at that time. Nobody, but Jane knows the secret.The man, together with his wife and children sits on the sofa watching TV.2.1.3. Each和something等不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，常见的有either, neither, each, one, the other, another, little, a little, much以及somebody, someone, something, anyone, anything, anybody, everyone, everything, everybody, no one, nothing, nobody等（不含none）。
例如：Something is wrong with him.他有点不对劲。
A little remains to be done about it. 剩下要做的事情只有一点点。
Neither likes the friends of the other. 两人都不喜欢对方的朋友。
Everything around us is matter. 我们周围的所有东西都是物质。
2.1.4.当and连接的两个名词指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时，and后的名词前没有冠词，谓语动词应该用单数形式；在and后面的名词前有冠词，谓语就用复数形式。
例如：The bread and butter is served for breakfast.早饭供应黄油面包。
The bread and the butter are on sale. 正在出售黄油和面包。
The writer and worker is coming to our school tomorrow.这位工人作家明天要来我们学校。
Bread and butter is their daily food. 面包和黄油是他们每日的食品。
The writer and the worker are coming to our school tomorrow.那位作家和那位工人明天将来我们学校。
2.1.5.当one of, a portion of, a series of, a species of, a chain of 结构作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
例如One of those students has passed the examination. 这些学生只有一个考试及格了。
A series of pre-recorded tapes has been prepared for language laboratory use.为语音课提前准备了一系列录音磁带。
2.1.6. 由one and a half + 复数名词或the majority of + 名词作作主语时，谓语动词视名词的单复数形式而定The majority of the damage is easy to repair. 大部分的损坏品都容易修理。
2.1.7. plenty of, half of, a lot of, lots of, heaps of, loads of, scads of等 + 可数与不可数名词作主语时，不可数名词的谓语只用单数，可数名词的谓语视可数名词的单复数而定。
例如：There is plenty of water in the pail. 桶里还有好多水。
There are plenty of eggs in the box. 箱子里有好多鸡蛋。
2.1.8. 由more than one (或more than one + 单数名词)，many a + 单数名词作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式More than one student has passed the examination. 不止一个学生通过了这次考试。
Many a boy learns to swim before he can read. 许多孩子在认字前就学会了游泳。
2.1.9. 如果名词词组中心词是“分数或百分数 + of + 名词”，谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于of后的名词或代词的单、复数形式。
例如：Two-thirds of the people present are against the plan.到场的三分之二的人都反对这个计划。
2.1.10. 关系代词who, that, which在定语从句中作主语，从句谓语动词的单复数形式应与先行词一致。
He is one of the students who were praised at the meeting.Those who want to go please sign their names here.Anyone who is against this opinion may speak out.注：（1）在“one of …+关系从句”结构中，从句的谓语动词通常根据先行词用复数形式。
但在前面加了定冠词“the (only)”后，关系从句的先行词则成了“the (only) one”，谓语动词要用单数。
He is one of the men who were chosen to represent the group.他是被选出来代表该组的人之一。
He is the only/the very one of the boys who is willing to go there.他是那个愿意到那里去的男生。
（2）强调句型中，谓语与被强调部分一致。
It is I who am for the plan. 支持这项计划的是我。
2.2意义一致（语言内容上一致）2.2.1集合名词作主语时，有些集合名词，例如：crowd,family,team,orchestra, group, government, committee, class, school, union, firm, staff, public等，它们作主语时，谓语动词的数要根据语言内容而定。
如果它们作为一个集体单位时，动词用单数形式，如就其中的各个成员来说，则谓语用复数形式。
例如：My family is going to have a long journey.我家要进行一次长途旅行。
My family are fond of music. 我家人都喜欢音乐。
The class has won the honor. 这班获得了荣誉。
The class were jumping for joy. 全班同学都高兴得跳了起来。
His family is going to move. 他准备搬家。
His family are very well. 他家人身体都好。
2.2.2.有些表示总体意义的名词，形式上是单数，而意义上却是复数，谓语动词要用复数形式，如people, police, militia, cattle, poultry（家禽）等。
例如：The cattle are grassing (吃草)。
The police are searching for a tall dark man with a beard.警察正在搜寻一位肤色黝黑、长胡子的高个子男人。
2.2.3.有些名词形式上是复数，而意义上却是单数。
如news, means, works还有许多以ics结尾的学科名称，如economics, physics, mechanics, politics或表示疾病名称等，它们作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
例如：Here is the news.The United States is in North America.The United Nations has passed a resolution(决议)。
“T he Arabian Nights”(《天方夜谭》）is an interesting book.Politics is a complicated business.2.2.4.用and连接的单数主语，前面有each, every, many a, no等修饰时，谓语动词要用单数形式。