非谓语动词作定语和状语
非谓语动词的三种形式及用法区别
非谓语动词的三种形式及用法区别一、非谓语动词的三种形式：1. 动词-ing形式：动词-ing形式具有动名词的功能，一般用来表示一个正在进行或发生的动作，以及被动含义，等。
比如：He was observed walking along the street. 他被观察到沿着街道走。
2. 动词不定式形式：动词不定式具有名词、形容词和动词的功能，常用来表示目的、动机、结果、条件、时间、让步等。
比如：To face the danger bravely is his duty. 勇敢的去面对危险是他的责任。
3. 动词的过去分词形式：动词的过去分词常用来表示完成或发生过的动作或状态，以及主句的谓语动词的被动的形式，常用结构有：Be + done/past participle (被动），Have/Get + done（完成）.比如：The machine is now ready to be used. 这台机器现在准备好被使用了。
二、非谓语动词的用法区别：1. 动词-ing形式：(1) 用作定语：形容词性短语作定语修饰名词或代词，如：He was aman working hard. 他是个努力工作的人。
(2) 用作表语：Ing 形式的短语作表语，表示一个正在进行的动作或状态，如：His job is repairing the machine. 他的工作是修理机器。
2. 动词不定式形式：(1) 作宾补：动词不定式作宾补表示“目的”，“动机”，“结果”，“条件”，“时间”，“让步”等。
如：He came here to do something for us. 他来这里为我们做一些事情。
(2) 作状语：动词不定式作状语，表示“目的”，“动机”，“条件”，“时间”，“让步”等。
如：She always goes out for a walk to relax herself. 她总是出去散步来放松自己。
非谓语动词作定语,状语 课件-2022届高三英语一轮复习
简单句
例： A team of researchers working together in the
laboratory would submit the results of their research to a journal.
翻 译 ： 实验室中.一起工作的一组研究人员将他们的研究结果呈
翻译：被大卫的行为所鼓舞，人们勇敢地和敌人作斗争。
讲解2：此句 中Inspire和the people之间的关系为被动（意思
是“人们被鼓舞”，而不是 “人们去鼓舞别人”），所以把它 变成表示被动形式的非谓语Inspired。后再加上介词短语by （ 强调被谁 鼓 舞 ），就构成非谓语动词的词组 Inspired by David's behavior用来补充说明整个句子。
讲 解 2 ： 注意：非谓语动词不一定是一个词,.还可以加上修饰和
补充的成分。此句中表达“一起工作”，在working后加上了
together,而且补充了地点in the laboratory,所以写成了一个非
谓语词组working together in the laboratory，修饰名词词组
翻译：这也引发了关于“价值”（涉及“价值”）的问题
讲解1：句中It raises 一主一谓已经搭配好，所以多余的
动词concern要变成非谓语动词。由于concern修饰前面 名词questions,且与该名词的关系为主动（意思是“问题 涉及，而不是问题被涉及）,所以把它变成主动形式的非 谓语concerning。
词make要变为非谓语。由于它修饰整 个句子，表达make和句 子主语People之间的关系为主动（意思是“人们去做决定”， 而不是 “人们被决定”），所以把它变成非谓语动词making make为及物动词，要后接宾语，再加 上修饰的形容词，就构成 非谓语动词的词组making individual decisions修饰句子。
非谓语动词做定语和状语
doing 作定语
doing+ n./ pron. (多强调用途) drinking water walking stick reading room writing desk
n./ pron.+ doing短语
The man running over there is our chairman. They lived in a room facing the north thirty years ago.
Having turned off the radio, he began to go over his lessons.
After turning off the radio, he began to go over his lessons. After he had turned off the radio, he began to go over his lessons.
非
doing
谓语动词
to do
done
主语 to do done
定语
宾语
表语
状语
宾语补 足语
×
diong
×
n./ pron. + to do
Li Ming was the first person to arrive. He always has a lot of meetings to attend. He is looking for a room to live in.
不 定 式 作 状 语
表
目
的
表 原 因 表 结 果
非谓语动词做状语
非谓语动词做状语非谓语动词作为状语是指在句子中不能作谓语，但可以做状语的动词形式。
它可以作时间、原因、条件、让步、结果等状语，可以提供句子里的信息，使句子充实而生动。
一、非谓语动词作时间状语1.由过去分词组成的状语过去分词表示过去发生的动作，常用于主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的句子中，作时间状语，突出主句动作应该在过去发生。
如：He left without saying goodbye, leaving me standing there alone.他没有说再见就走了，留下我独自站在那里。
2.由现在分词组成的状语现在分词表示正在进行的动作，常用于主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的句子中，作时间状语，突出主句动作应该正在进行。
如：She comes to visit us every week, bringing us some nice food.她每周都会来看望我们，并带来一些美食。
3.由having done 组成的状语having done 表示过去已经完成的动作，常用于主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的句子中，作时间状语，突出主句动作应该在过去完成的动作之后发生。
如：Having finished the exam, he went home and had a good rest.考试结束之后，他回家好好休息了。
二、非谓语动词作原因状语由because of，due to，owing to，thanks to等引导，接名词或动词不定式，作原因状语，表示主句动作的原因。
如：Because of the heavy rain, we had to cancel our picnic.由于下雨，我们不得不取消野餐了。
三、非谓语动词作条件状语由if，unless，in case，on condition that，provided (that)，supposing (that)等引导，接动词不定式，作条件状语，表示“假设”的意思，表示主句动作的前提，即要想主句动作成立，必须满足什么条件。
非谓语动词(不定式)的用法
非谓语动词(不定式)的用法非谓语动词（动词不定式的具体用法）动词不定式有三大语法功能：1.充当名词，可作主语、宾语或表语；2.充当形容词，可作后置定语或宾语补足语；3.充当副词，可作状语。
构成不定式需要使用“to+动词原形”的形式，否定式则在不定式符号之前加入否定词“not/never”。
一、不定式作主语的用法不定式作主语的特点是具有名词的功能，可表示意愿或未完成的事情，谓语动词要用单数。
常见的此类名词有：plan（计划）、purpose（目的）、attempt（企图）、goal（目标）、aim（目的）、n（雄心）、dream（梦想）、ideal（理想）、wish（希望/愿望）、hope（希望）、n（决定）、n（决定）、proposal（提议/建议）等。
为了避免主语过长，不定式短语可放在句末，用形式主语“it”代替原来的主语位置，不定式则成为真正的主语。
例如：___.（赢得冠军是我的雄心。
）To master a foreign language is necessary.（掌握一门外语是有必要的。
）To e President of the United States used to be my goal.（过去我的梦想是成为美国总统。
）Speaking perfect English is always my dream.（说一口流利的英语一直是我的梦想。
）It is ___.（保护环境是有必要的。
）There are two special ___:1) It is + adj + of sb + to do sth.2) It is + adj + for sb + to do sth.___ characteristics and differences are:1) If ___ characteristics or traits。
the logical subject of the ___ "of."Examples:It is very affable of you to help me。
非谓语动词作定语和状语
A. coving B. covered
C. cover
D. to cover.
D 2). There have been several new events _____
to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.
C. to sit
D. sat
解析：
此题大家易受习惯心理影响选择分词，即
Ａ或Ｂ项，而and实际上作为并列连词并列的
是found及sat两个动作，而非并列providing与
sitting.
B 例2) Prices of daily goods _____ through a computer
can be lower than store prices.
情态动词/助 动词+ v.
He has gone to Shanghai.
You are students. You look smart.
系动词+表语
非谓语：主要包括不定式（to do），ving形式以及 过去分词（done）。无人称，数的变化，不单独作谓 语，但保留动词特点，可以有宾语或状语。
C 1) Some of the experiments ____ in the book
are easy to perform.
A. describing B. to be described
C. described D. to describe
2) It is said that Beijing University was the first
①Their decision to give up the experiment surprised us.
非谓语动词作定语和状语
一．非谓语动词※不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别：【知识点拨】1．不定式作定语①不定式作定语常用于不定代词或被the first/next/only/last等修饰的名词和其他一些名词、代词之后。
其中，不定式的一般式通常表示一个将来或经常性的动作，完成式则表示该动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
例如：She is always the first (one) to come and the last to leave.②如果作定语的不定式与被修饰的名词有动宾关系,在不及物动词后通常要加上适当的介词.例如：Let's first find a room to live in / to put the things in.We have nothing to worry about.(=There is nothing for us to worry about.)③不定式作定语修饰一个在逻辑上是其宾语名词时,若在句子中能找到该不定式的逻辑主语, 则该不定式多用主动表被动，否则，用被动式。
例如：I have a lot of things to do today. ( I ... do ... things)2．-ing分词作定语①单个的-ing分词作定语一般前置,说明名词的性质、特征或用途等,-ing短语作定语一般后置；强调动作的单个-ing分词也常后置。
例如：a sleeping car ( = a car for sleeping )a sleeping child ( = a child who is sleeping )the boy standing there ( = the boy who is standing there )The girl singing is my classmate.②-ing分词作定语一般要求其动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或是在说话时该动作正在进行，否则，要用从句作定语。
作定语和状语的非谓语动词
作定语和状语的非谓语动词一、作定语1. 不定式一般表示将来的动作。
如：He is a very nice person to talk with.Edison was the first man to invent electric lights.2. -ing分词一般表示：1) 动作正在进行。
如：a sleeping child, developing countries2) 被修饰的名词的性质、特点等。
如：an interesting story, disappointing news3) 被修饰的名词的用途、性能等。
如：a swimming pool, a reading room3. 过去分词一般表示被动动作的完成或结束。
如：a broken cup, fallen leaves试比较：The meeting to be held tomorrow is important.The meeting being held tomorrow is important.The meeting held tomorrow is important.二、作状语：1. 不定式一般表示目的、结果等。
如：To learn English well, he bought many English books and tapes. (目的)He woke up to find the ground covered with snow. (结果)2.-ing分词和过去分词一般表示时间、原因、条件和伴随状况等。
如：Wandering in the street, I caught sight of a tailor’s shop. (时间)Turning left, you will get to the bookstore. (条件)Frightened at the sight, she screamed. (原因)They stood there talking about something.(伴随)试比较：He hurried to the railway station, hoping to catch the train.(伴随)He hurried to the railway station to catch the train.(目的)注：作状语时，不定式、-ing分词和过去分词的逻辑主语一般要和句子的主语一致。
非谓语动词作状语和定语讲义
【知识点拨】1．不定式作定语①不定式的一般式通常表示一个将来或经常性的动作，完成式则表示该动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
例如：She is always the first (one) to come and the last to leave.②如果作定语的不定式与被修饰的名词有动宾关系,在不及物动词后通常要加上适当的介词.例如：Let's first to find a room to live in / to put the things in.We have nothing to worry about.(=There is nothing for us to worry about.)2．-ing分词作定语①-ing分词作定语一般要求其动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或是在说话时该动作正在进行，否则，要用从句作定语。
例如：Do you know the boy talking ( = who is talking ) to the teacher?Did you notice the boy sitting ( = who was sitting ) at this desk yesterday?The man shaking ( = who is now shaking ) hands with Mr. Li visited our class yesterday.比较：误：He is the man visiting our class yesterday.正：He is the man who visited our class yesterday.②单个的-ing分词作定语一般前置,说明名词的性质、特征或用途等,-ing短语作定语一般后置；强调动作的单个-ing分词也常后置。
例如：a sleeping car ( = a car for sleeping )a sleeping child ( = a child who is sleeping )the boy standing there ( = the boy who is standing there )The girl singing is my classmate. 3．-ed分词作定语3. -ed分词作定语一般表示一个被动或已完成动作,-ing分词表示一个主动或正在进行的动作,-ing分词的被动式则表示一个正在被进行的动作。
高中英语语法讲义：不定式作定语和状语用法归纳
高中英语语法讲义：不定式作定语和状语用法归纳不定式是非谓语动词常见的一种形式，它具有名词的特征，在句子中可以作主语或宾语;具有形容词的特征，在句子中可以作表语、定语或补足语;具有副词的特征，在句子中可以作状语。
一下主要讲述其作定语和状语的用法。
一、不定式作定语1. 被修饰的名词或词组是不定式的逻辑宾语。
如：There was really nothing to fear. 没有什么值得担心的。
He gave me an interesting book to read. 他给了我一本有趣的书来读。
【注意】如果不定式是不及物动词，后面就得加相应的介词。
如：Mary needs a friend to play with. 玛丽需要一个和她玩的朋友。
They have a strict teacher to listen to. 他们有一个他们得言听计从的严格的老师。
2. 被修饰的名词词组是不定式的逻辑主语。
如：Have you got a key to unlock door？你有钥匙打开门吗？The action to be taken is correct. 要采取的行动是正确的。
There is nothing to be gained by pretending. 通过假装是得不到好处的。
3. 被修饰的名词词组是不定式的同位结构。
这类名词通常是表示企图、努力、倾向、目的、愿望、打算、能力、意向等意义的名词，如ability，effort，attempt，hobby，wish 等。
如：Neither of them had any hobby to do business with Mary. 他们都没有兴趣和玛丽做生意。
I have no wish to quarrel with you. 我不想和你吵架。
4. 动词不定式作定语，有时用主动式表示被动的意义。
如果不定式中的动词为不及物动词时，还要与相应的介词连用。
2021届高考英语语法非谓语动词作定语,状语和补语导学案
高中英语语法--非谓语动词作定语，状语和补语+练习一、非谓语动词作定语1．基本形式和功能The problem discussed at the last meeting was of great importance.上次会议讨论的问题很重要。
The problem being discussed now is of great importance.现在正在讨论的问题非常重要。
The problem to be discussed at the next meeting is of great importance.下次会议要讨论的问题很重要。
2．ability，chance，idea，fact，attempt，moment，way，right等词后常接不定式作后置定语。
We promise whoever attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.我们向参加聚会的人保证有机会和这位电影明星合影。
Do you have the ability to read and write in English？你有英文读写能力吗？二、非谓语动词作状语1．不定式作状语(1)不定式作目的状语也可以构成“so as to do”或“in order to do”的结构。
但so as to do不可置于句首。
不定式作目的状语置于句中时不可用逗号和句子隔开。
Her mother plans to fly to Beijing at least four times a year so as to/in order to visit her.为了看望她，她母亲计划每年至少乘飞机去北京四次。
In order not to forget，Bob wrote down my number.为了不忘记，鲍勃写下了我的号码。
(2)不定式作结果状语。
非谓语动词的六大用法
非谓语动词的六大用法在句中起名词、形容词或副词的作用，充当句子主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语而不能起谓语作用的动词，是动词的非谓语形式，又叫作非谓语动词。
非谓语动词有动词不定式（to do）、动词-ing形式和过去分词（done）。
一、动词不定式和动词-ing形式作主语1.不定式作主语表示具体的某次动作，特别是将来动作；动词的-ing形式作主语表示经常性、习惯性动作或已经发生的动作。
To remember these words today is our main task. 今天记住这些单词是我们的主要任务。
Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old . 散步对年轻人和老年人都是很好的运形式。
Suffering is the most powerful teacher of life.苦难是人生最伟大的老师。
Being laughed at in the public made him angry. 在公共场所被嘲笑使他很生气。
2.不定式和动词的-ing形式作主语的常用句型1) 不定式作主语的句型①It is +形容词(名词) to doIt is better to be safe than sorry. 事后追悔不如事前稳妥。
It is easy to open a shop but hard to keep it always open. 开设店铺易，维持常开难。
It is necessary to complete the design before National Day.在国庆节前完成设计是必要的。
It is very important to follow the rules.遵守规则是非常重要的。
It’s a waste of time to do that. 干那件事是浪费时间。
It is a great art to laugh at your own misfortune. 对己之不幸付之一笑，这是一门伟大的艺术。
非谓语动词分词的用法总结
非谓语动词分词的用法总结一、非谓语动词分词的基本概念及形式非谓语动词分词是英语中的一种特殊用法，常用来表达被动、完成、主动等不同含义。
在句子中作为定语、状语或补语，并且有时可以替代从句。
它的形式通常为“过去分词”或“现在分词”，具体使用取决于上下文和句子结构。
1. 过去分词过去分词通常由动词原形后加上-ed或-d构成，如：played, taken, finished等。
它可以表示被动意义，也可以表示稍微延续的状态或完成的行为。
2. 现在分词现在分词通常由动词原形后加-ing构成，如：playing, taking, working等。
它可以表示主动进行的行为，同时也具有形容词性质。
二、非谓语动词分词作定语非谓语动词分词可以用作定语来修饰名词，起到进一步说明、限定名次的作用。
1. 过去分词作定语过去分词作为定语时，通常修饰被其所描述的名次，如：broken heart (破碎的心) ，cooked rice (煮熟的米饭)等。
它可以表示被动或完成的状态。
2. 现在分词作定语现在分词作为定语时，通常修饰与之相关的名次，并且描述正在进行或主动发生的行为，如：a running river (奔流的河流) ，a barking dog (叫唤的狗)等。
三、非谓语动词分词作状语非谓语动词分词可以用作状语来修饰句子、从句或名词短语，起到表示时间、原因、方式、条件等不同功能的作用。
1. 过去分词作状语过去分词作为状语时，可以表示原因、结果、条件、时间等。
例如：Having finished his homework, he went out to play. (完成了家庭作业后，他出去玩了)2. 现在分词作状语现在分词作为状语时，可以表达同时进行、原因、方式等含义。
例如：Walking slowly, she enjoyed the beautiful scenery. (慢慢地走着，她欣赏美丽的风景)四、非谓语动词分词作补语非谓语动词分词还可以用来充当及物动词的宾补或形容词的补足语，起到补充说明、进一步描述的作用。
高中英语非谓语动词不定式作主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,补语
>> 不定式作定语
>> 不定式作状语
>> 不定式作宾补
>> 不定式作状语
我来这里为了见你。 听到这个消息我们是很开心的。 她活到了九十岁。
I came here to see you. We were glad to hear the news. She lived to be ninety.
>> 不定式作状语
>> 不定式作宾补
> 感官动词/使役动词+宾语+不定式作宾补
（省略to）：see; hear; have; let; make 被动语态时，将不定式的to还原
✓ I often hear him sing the song. ✓ He is often heard to sing the song.
>> 不定式作主语 >> 不定式作宾语 >> 不定式作表语
>> 不定式作定语 >> 不定式作状语 >> 不定式作宾补
>> 不定式作主语、宾语、表语
戒烟是对的。 我想要实现目标。 我觉得和他一起工作很有趣。
I find it interesting to work with him.
他的愿望是当警察。
>> 不定式作表语
1. 我的工作是帮助病人。 2. 我的目标是准备考入大学的
生物专业。
>> 不定式作表语
1. 我的工作是帮助病人。
My job is to help patients.
2. 我的目标是准备考入大学的 生物专业。
My target is to prepare myself for my degree in biology at university.
高中英语2024届高考考点讲解与练习(非谓语动词作定语+非谓语动词作状语+非谓语动词作宾语补足语)
高考英语语法考点讲解与练习一、非谓语动词作定语【知识要点】1、非谓语动词包括四种：-to do不定式，-ing分词，-ed分词和动名词。
（重点为前三种）2、非谓语动词的词性及句法功能①-to do不定式相当于名词、形容词和副词，可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语；②-ing分词相当于形容词和副词，可以在句子中充当表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语；③-ed分词相当于形容词和副词，可以在句子中充当表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语；④动名词相当于名词，可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。
3、前三种非谓语动词的形式与意义① -ing分词的基本意义为：主动或进行，变形有：进行式：doing被动式：being done完成式：having done完成被动式：having been done②-to do不定式的基本意义为：主动将来，变形有：进行式：to be doing被动式：to be done完成式：to have done完成被动式：to have been done③-ed分词表示被动或完成。
4、非谓语动词作定语由于三种非谓语动词都具有形容词的性质，所以它们都可以在句子中充当定语，并根据其在被修饰的名词中心词的前后位置，分为前置定语和后置定语两种。
the falling leaves （-ing分词作前置定语，“正在下落的叶子”）the leaves falling in the sky （-ing分词短语作后置定语，“正在空中下落的叶子”）the coming/following day （-ing分词作前置定语，“第二天”）the day to come （-to do分词短语作后置定语，“第二天”）the fallen leaves （-ed分词作前置定语，“已经落地的叶子/落叶”）the house burnt to the ground （-ed分词短语作后置定语，“被烧成废墟的房子”）【练习】单句语法填空1.Looking at the ______ (fall) leaves in the sky, he knows the fall is coming.2.Seeing the ______ (fall) leaves on the ground, he decided to do some sweeping first before sitting down to have a rest.3.It is said that the building ______ (build) here next year will be completed within one year.4.It is said that the building ______ (build) here now will be completed within one year.5.It is said that the building ______ (build) here last year will be rebuilt soon.6.The gentleman ______ (seat) next to Tom is his best friend.7.The gentleman ______ (sit) next to Tom is his best friend.8.The room was in a mass, with those ______ (break) furniture.9.The purely white snow looks like a beautiful blanket ______ (cover) the land.10.The police have got enough evidence ______ (prove) that he is guilty.11.Turn to the right and you will see a wide road ______ (lead) up to the building.12.If you get the first place, you will win an all expenses ______ (pay) journey.13.All the ______ (question) people supported the government’s latest policy.14.You should keep well the books ______ (borrow) from the library.15.Can those people ______ (seat) at the back hear me?二、非谓语动词作状语【知识要点】非谓语动词作状语由于三种非谓语动词都具有副词的性质，所以它们都可以在句子中充当状语。
非谓语动词作定语,状语,宾语总结
非谓语作状语，作定语 先语态后时态-时态上 看非谓与主句谓语动词发生的先后顺序： 若非谓发生在主句谓语动词之前，用完成时 having done，having been done 若非谓发生在主句谓语动词之后或同时，用 to do 若非谓与主句谓语动词同时发生，用 doing/being done
非谓语动词作定语， 状语，宾语
非谓语动词作宾语
1.只接to do作宾语的动词：consider（考虑） forgive，want，demand等 2.只接doing作宾语的动词：appreciate， avoid，risk，mind，feel like等 3.接to do或doing作宾语意义大不同的动词： Remember，forget，regret等
非谓语动词作定语和状语练习附答案
非谓语动词做定语：1. The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to __________.A. sitB. sit onC. be satD. be sat on2. I’m not sure which restaurant ___________.A. to eat onB. eating atC. to eat atD. for eating3. ---“What do you think of this middle school?”---“It is a very good ___________.”A. school to studyB. school to study inC. studying schoolD. school for children to study4. ---“I’d like to buy an expensive camera.”---“Well, we have several models ___________.”A. to choose fromB. of choiceC. to be chosenD. for choosing5. The doctors are trying their best to save the ____ woman. A. dead B. death C. dying D. died6. He loves parties. He is always the first __________ and the last __________.A. coming, leavingB. to come, to leaveC. comes, leavesD. come, leave7. Before he had no chance __________.A. to go to schoolB. to go schoolC. going to schoolD. to go to the school8. Now the need __________ other people’s language is becoming greater and greater.A. to learnB. learningC. to be learnedD. being learned9. This is an important matter. I need at least a day or two __________.A. of thinking over itB. to think it overC. of thinking it overD. to think over it10. It is time __________ wheat.A. for sowB. of sowingC. to sowD. to sowing11. “Do you have any clothes __________ today?” the maid asked.A. to washB. to be washedC. washD. be washed12. Girls under ten are able to take part in this activity ______ for them.A. having designedB. designingC. to designD. designed13. This book can be used in __________ countries.A. English-speakingB. English-spokenC. English-spokeD. English-speak14. At present, English is the main subject ___________ here.A. to be taughtB. being taughtC. teachingD. to be teaching15. Snow was falling when they went along a mountain path __________ to the front.A. to leadB. ledC. leadingD. being led16. ---“Who are those people with the banner?”---“A group ______ itself the League for peace.”A. callingB. callsC. calledD. is called17. “The picture writing” __________ long long ago is hard for us to understand today.A. having been drawnB. being drawnC. was drawnD. drawn18. The noise _____ by the machine could be heard at night.A. makingB. madeC. makeD. to be made19. The students, _____ at the way the questions were put, didn’t know the answers to them.A. they surprisingB. surprisedC. their being surprisedD. surprise20. The pen __________ belongs to me.A. which it is on the tableB. lying on the tableC. is on the tableD. which on the table非谓语动词做状语的区别：1. This dish cloth is ______ for me to dry the dishes. A. so wet B. wet enough C. as wet D. too wet2. The house is much too small __________.A. for us to liveB. for us to live inC. that we can’t liveD. that we can’t live in3. The light was strong enough __________.A. read by B. to read by C. read under D. to read4. H didn’t speak slowly enough __________.A. every one understood B. for everyone understoodC. for everyone to understandD. for everyone to be understood5. Would you be __________ to show me the way to the City Hall?A. good enoughB. good enough asC. so goodD. as good as6. He was so foolish __________ his car unlocked.A. to leaveB. that leaveC. as to leaveD. for him to leave7. Napoleon spoke so loudly as to __________ in front of his soldiers.A. hearB. be heardC. listenD. be listened8. Do you think him easy __________.A. to get along withB. to get alongC. to be got along withD. to be got along9. The water is good __________.A. to drink itB. to be drunkC. to drinkD. at drinking10. His speech in English was difficult __________ .A. in followingB. for being followedC. to followD. to be followed by11. Good-bye, Mr Jones. I’m pleased __________.A. for meeting youB. to meet youC. to have been meeting youD. to have met you12. I have enjoyed my visit here. I’ll be very sorry __________.A. for leavingB. of leavingC. to leaveD. left13. I spoke to him kindly _________ him.A. to not frightenB. so as not to frightenC. in order to not frightenD. for not frightening14. Tom is waiting __________ the doctor. A. to see B. for to see C. for seeing D. for see15. I went to see him __________ him out. A. finding B. find C. only to find D. only found16. _________, one needs much practice. A. To learn swimming well B. To learn to swim wellC. Swimming to be learned wellD. Learning swim well17. __________, I don’t like her sister.A. Telling the truthB. Been told the truthC. To tell the truthD. To tell the true18. __________ for several weeks, the city was short of food and clothing.A. As having floodedB. As floodingC. Having been floodedD. to flood19. __________ tomorrow’s lessons, I have no time to go out with you.A. Not preparingB. Not prepareC. Not being preparedD. Not having prepared20. _________ from the tallest building, the whole city looks very beautiful..A. SeeB. SawC. SeeingD. Seen21. Look around when ___________ the street. A. across B. crossing C. crossed D. to be crossing22. We walked as fast as we could, __________ to catch the 9:30 train.A. hopingB. to hopeC. we hopedD. being hoped23. ___________ the past, our life is much better.A. Comparing withB. Be compared withC. To compare withD. Compared with24. __________ the cry for help, people immediately rushed out of the rooms.A. To hearB. HearingC. Having heardD. They hearing25. It __________ heavily, the outing had to be put off.A. being rainedB. being rainingC. rainingD. rains26. The sun __________, they went home. A. set down B. setted C. setting D. sets27. __________ the concert began.A. The listeners having taken their seatsB. Having taken their seatsC. Have taken their placesD. The listeners to have taken their places28. __________ Hello, he reached out his hand. A. Said B. Saying C. Talked about D. Talking to29. He rushed into the room, __________.A. with sweat drippingB. sweat drippedC. dripped sweatD. sweated30. __________, I went out for a walk. A. There was nothing to do B. There being nothing to doC. There had nothing to doD. There were nothing to do答案：1 BCBAC 6 BAABC 11 BDABC 16 ADBBB答案：1 DBBCA 6 CBACC 11 DCBAC16 BCCDD 21 BADBC 26 CABAB。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
(4)表示让步 表示让步 Admitting what she has said, I still think that she hasn't tried her best. (5)表示结果 表示结果 It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country. It rained for two weeks on end, completely ruining our holiday. (6)表示方式或伴随情况 表示方式或伴随情况 He ran up to her breathing heavily. Please fill in the form, giving your name, address, etc.
高三英语总复习语法专项训练
非谓语动词作定语和状语
宝安高级中学高三英语备课组
一、非谓语动词的概念
非谓语动词是指动词不定式、动名词和分词。 非谓语动词是指动词不定式、动名词和分词。 它们是动词的非限定形式。 它们是动词的非限定形式。 在句子中它们起着一些特殊的作用。 在句子中它们起着一些特殊的作用Байду номын сангаас 以下简要介绍它们各自的构成、作用及应用。 以下简要介绍它们各自的构成、作用及应用。
4. 作独立成分 有些固定词组带to不定式 表明说话人的立场或态度, 不定式, 有些固定词组带 不定式 表明说话人的立场或态度 在句中作 独立成分。这些词有: 独立成分。这些词有 to be honest ； to begin with ； to cut a long story short, to get (back) to the point ； not to make much of it, to put it another way ； to tell the truth 等。 To tell you the truth, I have never been to Beijing. To be honest, I have never heard of Winston Churchill.
四、分词
分词是动词的三种非限定形式之一, 分词是动词的三种非限定形式之一 包括现在分词和过去分词 两种。分词可以在句中作状语及定语。 两种。分词可以在句中作状语及定语。 (一) 现在分词与过去分词的区别 现在分词与过去分词的区别主要表现在语态和时间概念上。 现在分词与过去分词的区别主要表现在语态和时间概念上。 在语态上, 现在分词(除被动式外 表示主动意思, 除被动式外)表示主动意思 在语态上 现在分词 除被动式外 表示主动意思 过去分词表示 被动意思。 被动意思。 在时间上, 现在分词表示动作正在进行, 在时间上 现在分词表示动作正在进行 过去分词则表示动作已 完成。 完成。 developing countries (发展中国家 发展中国家) 发展中国家 developed countries (发达国家 发达国家) 发达国家 the touching tale (动人的传说 动人的传说) 动人的传说 the touched audience (受感动的观众 受感动的观众) 受感动的观众
二、动词不定式
的动词原形( 不定式是指带 to 的动词原形 使用中有时不带 to ), 在句中起 形容词或副词的作用, 可以作状语和定语。 形容词或副词的作用 可以作状语和定语。 (一) 作定语 1. 动词不定式与其修的词之间往往有动宾关系 如果该不定式是不 动词不定式与其修的词之间往往有动宾关系, 及物动词, 其后有必要的介词。例如： 及物动词 其后有必要的介词。例如： He's pleasant fellow to work with. There's nothing to worry about. 2. 有些名词后常跟不定式作定语。 例如 有些名词后常跟不定式作定语。 例如: time, reason, chance, right, ability, willingness, need, anxiety, wish, plan等。 等 Women should have the right to receive education. There is no time to hesitate. 3. the first, the second, the last, the best 等之后用不定式做定语。 等之后用不定式做定语。 The monitor will be the first to come. He was the last man to blame.
三、动名词
动名词也是动词的一种非限定形式, 由动词原形加词尾-ing构成。 构成。 动名词也是动词的一种非限定形式 由动词原形加词尾 构成 与现在分词构成法相同。它同时具有动词及名词特征。 与现在分词构成法相同。它同时具有动词及名词特征。 以下主要介绍其做定语及状语的情况。 以下主要介绍其做定语及状语的情况。 1. 作定语 None is allowed to smoke in the waiting room. The speeding car came to a stop all of a sudden. 2. 作状语 介词+动名词可以作状语用 表示时间、原因、目的、让步、 动名词可以作状语用, 介词 动名词可以作状语用 表示时间、原因、目的、让步、方 式等。例如： 式等。例如： After finishing the job, he went home. They went to Manchester with the object of winning the World Championship. He was blamed for having done something wrong.
(1)表示时间 表示时间 Climbing to the top of the tower, we saw a magnificent view. He went out shutting the door behind him. 强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生时, 现在分词之前可用连词when或 强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生时 现在分词之前可用连词 或 while: When leaving the airport, they waved again and again to us. While flying over the Channel, the pilot saw what he thought to be a meteorite. (2)表示原因 表示原因 Being sick, I stayed at home. She caught cold sitting on the grass. (3)表示条件 表示条件 Adopting this method, we will raise the average yield by 40 percent. Turning to the right, you will find a path leading to his cottage.
(二) 作状语 1. 作目的状语 作目的状语: 不定式作状语时, 其动作发生在谓语动词之后, 不定式作状语时 其动作发生在谓语动词之后 一般置于句子末 但是, 如果表示强调, 亦可置于句首。 尾。但是 如果表示强调 亦可置于句首。 其否定形式为: 在不定式符号前加not。 其否定形式为 在不定式符号前加 。 He went to Shanghai to visit his parents. To save the earth, we must prevent the earth from being polluted. I shut the door quietly, so as not to wake the baby. 2. 作结果状语 作结果状语: We came home after our holiday to find our garden neat and tidy. She left home, never to return again. 3. 作原因状语 作原因状语: 不定式做原因状语时, 一般放在句子末尾。 不定式做原因状语时 一般放在句子末尾。 She burst into laughter to see his funny action. The boy was shocked to see the frightening scene.
(二) 现在分词的用法 现在分词可在句中作定语和状语。 现在分词可在句中作定语和状语。 1. 作定语 现在分词作定语时多置于它所修饰的名词前: 现在分词作定语时多置于它所修饰的名词前 This is a pressing question. 这是一个紧迫的问题。 这是一个紧迫的问题。 He asked an embarrassing question. 他提了一个令人难堪的问题。 他提了一个令人难堪的问题。 现在分词亦可置于它所修饰的名词之后: 现在分词亦可置于它所修饰的名词之后 There were no soldiers drilling. 现在分词短语一般皆置于其修饰的名词之后: 现在分词短语一般皆置于其修饰的名词之后 A little child learning to walk often falls. The men working here are all from the rural areas. 2. 现在分词用作状语 现在分词及其短语从表意的角度看, 也可用作状语, 表示时间、 现在分词及其短语从表意的角度看 也可用作状语 表示时间、 原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 其动作可能发生在谓语动词之前或之后, 其动作可能发生在谓语动词之前或之后 也可能与谓语动的动作 同时发生。 同时发生。