so与such用法

so与such都有“如此、这么、那么”的意思，可进行同义改写，但用法不同。

1. so是副词，修饰形容词和副词；而such是形容词，修饰名词。它们后面接单数可数名词时，词序不同。

so的词序为：so+ adj. + a（an） + n.

such的词序为：such +a（an） +adj. + n.

它们可以表达同样的意思，因此它们可以进行同义改写。

so nice a coat =such a nice coat 这么漂亮的一件外套

so interesting a book = such an interesting book 那么有趣的一本书

补给站：后面接复数名词或不可数名词时，只能用such，而不能用so.如：

such beautiful flowers 这么美丽的花

such clever children 如此聪明的孩子

但是，复数名词或不可数名词前有many，few，much，little修饰时，只能用so而不能用such，这是一种固定用法。如：

so many books 这么多书

so few people 这么少的人

so much money 那么多的钱

so little milk 那么少的牛奶

2. 和“that”连用时，意思基本一样，但句型结构不同。“so…that…”句型结构为：

so + adj. （adv.） +that…

so + adj. +a（an）+单数n. +that…

so +many（few）+复数n. +that…

so +much（little）+不可数n. +that…如：

This book is so interesting that I have read it three times. 这本书如此有趣，我已经看了三遍。

He spoke so fast that we couldn‘t understand him. 他说得太快，我们都未能听懂他的话。

It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything. 天气很热，谁都不想干活。

There were so many people that we could hardly move on. 这么多人，我们简直无法继续往前走。

“such…that…”句型结构为：

such + a （an）+adj. +单数n. +that…

such + adj. +复数n. +that…

such +adj. +不可数n. +that…

She is such a pretty girl that everyone likes her. 她是个很可爱的小姑娘，大家都喜欢她。

They are such delicious cakes that I want to eat another two. 这么可口的蛋糕，我还想再吃两块。

It is such sweet milk that we all want to drink it. 这么香的牛奶，我们都想喝。

补给站：由于so 和such后跟单数可数名词时，可以换用，同样“so…that…”与“such…that…”也可以进行同义句改写。如上文中：This book is so interesting that I have read it three times. 可改写成：This is such an interesting book that I have read it three times.

It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything. 可改写成：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.

3. so与that可以直接构成词组“so that”，引导目的和结果状语从句，表示“以便、以致”的意思。如：

He worked hard so that he could pass the exams. 为了能通过考试，他学习很认真。（但such没有这种用法）