so和such用法小结

so和such用法小结

一,so的常见用法

1.当so作副词,修饰形容词或副词时,表示程度,意为"这么","那么".如:

Don' t be so silly.

别那么傻.

He ran so fast.

他跑得那么快.

2.如果so后无形容词,则so不能与名词连用.如:

I' ve never seen so tall a child(=such a tall child).

我从未见过个儿那么高的小孩.

切不可以说"He is so a child."

但是,so little,so much可与不可数名词连用,so few,so many可与复数名词连用如:

Tom ate so much food a meal.

汤姆一餐吃了那么多的食物.

There' re so few people in the hall.

大厅里的人很少.

3.So…that 意为"如此……以至于……",是一个常见句型,也是中考常考的句型.如:J ane' s leg was so painful that she couldn' t move at all.

简的腿那么疼,以至于根本动不了.

该句型还可以转换成"So + adj.+ a/an+名词"结构.如:

Mike is so clever a boy that all like him.

麦克这么聪明,大家都喜欢他.

so that意为"以便","为的是",引导目的状语从句(该目的状语通常用情态动词作谓语)如:

They can help you to compare two different products so that you can buy the one you really like.

他们能帮助你比较两种不同的产品,以便你能买到自己真正喜欢的.

so that从句还可表示结果,意为"因此", 如:

His pen is missing,so that he hasn' t done his homework.

他的笔不见了,因此他无法完成作业.

4.so与动词say,tell,think,believe,suppose等连用,可以替代一个意义完整的宾语从句.如:

Is she a top student in her class Yes,I think so.

她是她们班最好的学生吗是的,我想是这样.

so与动词do连用,意为"这样做",以避免重复前面的有关内容.而if so意为"如果是这样".如:

He did so in order to help her.

他这样做是为了帮助她.

Are you a student If so(=If you are ),may I have your name,please

你是学生吗如果是,请问你叫什么名字

5."So + be/其他助动词/情态动词+ 主语"是倒装结构,意为"同样","也".这一结构在中考试题中也经常出现.如:

—I usually go to bed at night.

—So do I.

—我通常晚上睡觉.

—我也是.

6.so作连词,表示结果,意为"所以","因此".如:

—How do you like this shirt

—It' s beautiful and it fits me well,so (that) I 1ike it very much.

—你喜欢这件衬衣吗

—它既漂亮又很合身,因此我非常喜欢.

7."not so +adj./adv.(原级)+as"是一个常见的比较级句型,也是中考常考的句型,意思是"不如","不及".如:

The man doesn' t work so hard as me.

这个人工作不如我努力.

二,such的常见用法

1.such是限定词,常和名词连用,意为"如此的","这样的".如:

She is such a kind woman.

她是一个如此善良的女人.

Grandpa often told us such funny stories.

爷爷常给我们讲这么有趣的故事.

Don't go out in such bad weather.

天气这么糟,不要出去

区别：so是副词,修饰形容词和副词,在句中充当状语.Such为形容词修饰名词,在句中作定语,请看下面几个句子.

①The fish is so long.

②Don't drive so fast, it's dangerous.

③Fred is so good a man.Fred is such a good man.

④It was such interesting meeting.The meeting was so intersting.

⑤There were such a lot of people. There were so many people.

以上句子中,①,②句比较简单,so为副词,分别修饰形容词long和副词fast.③句中的so修饰good,可用形容词such改为:

Fred is such a good man.

这句话和原句的意义不变,但用so要用so+adj+a/an+n.的结构来表达.用such需用such+a/an+adj+n.的结构来表达.④句中仍可按③的形式表达,但也可写成: The meeting was so interesting.

其句意不变.⑤句中的such也可换为so,但更据习惯搭配,应将a lot of 变为many 为宜,如其后所修析的名词为不可数名词,还需将a lot of改为much.如:

With such a lot of time,they should have finished their homework

用so则为:

With so much time, they so have finished their homework.

因此遇到这种情况,我们可将such+a lot of+n.结构变为so+many/much+n.结构

再看这样一个句子:

The enemy scattered in such a hurry.

可改为:The enemy scattered so hurriedly.又如:

The plane flies at such a speed.