学科教学基本要求词组半句翻译练习4
《英汉翻译课程教学大纲》
英汉翻译课程教学大纲一、课程的目的和任务《英汉翻译教程》和《汉英翻译教程》的教学目的和任务是，从英译汉和汉译英的一般规律和原则出发，围绕翻译的基本理论、英汉异同的对比以及翻译实践中成功或失败的实例，介绍汉英两种语言的对比与分析、各类文体的语言特点以及不同翻译方法，向学生传授基本的翻译理论和常用方法、技巧，通过反复实践培养学生汉英翻译基本技能。
通过学习，学生能够熟练地运用已掌握的英语基本语法和词汇等知识，忠实、准确、通顺、完整地将汉语句子、段落和短文译成英语，并对文化差异有着较强的敏感性，能够较好地处理英汉互译中具有民族特色的形象、比喻等，胜任一般性的政治、经济、文化、科技、应用文等的翻译工作。
同时，还要注重培养学生严谨的学风，避免不求甚解、逐词死译和望文生义。
适当补充口译实践，训练学生在政治、经济、文化等方面的能力，并提高学生的政策水平和涉外工作能力。
二、课程的基本要求《英汉翻译教程》和《汉英翻译教程》课程的教学分为翻译方法和技巧训练阶段和短文翻译两个阶段，其分别要求是：１、翻译方法和技巧训练阶段的基本要求：（1）、词汇：掌握10000－12000 个词汇以及这些单词构成的常用词组；正确而熟练地使用其中5000－6000 个词汇及最常用的搭配，能够运用到汉英互译中。
（2）语法：熟练地使用各种衔接手段，连贯地表达思想，侧重语法结构在翻译过程中的理解和应用。
（3）阅读能力：能读懂一般英美报刊杂志上的社论和书评，理解文章大意，分辨事实与细节；能读懂有一定难度的历史传记及文学作品，理解其真实含义；能分析上述题材文章的思想观点，语篇结构，语言特点和修辞手法。
（4）翻译能力：能借词典将文字资料译成理解正确、表达准确、译文连贯通顺具一定修辞手段的规范语句，写译的速度达到每小时250－300 词。
2. 短文翻译阶段的基本要求：（1）词汇1在基础翻译阶段所掌握的词汇量和一定的习语后，要涉猎、学习、掌握和运用政治、经济、文化、科技等方面的一般性词语。
学科教学基本要求词组半句翻译练习3
138.Try to ________________. Things are not so bad as they seem.想办法高兴点儿, 情况并不像看上去那样糟。
139.This room needs _________________.这间房间需要打扫一下。
140.The sky is overcast now, but I think it will _________________ soon.现在天色阴沉, 不过我想马上就会转晴的。
141.It is important that we __________ theory ____________ practice.对我们来说，把实践和理论结合起来是重要的。
142.He is the most direct young man I`ve ever ___________________.他是我遇到过的最直率的青年。
143.I am afraid I am _________________ a cold.我恐怕是着了凉患病了。
144.When did the Roman Empire _____________________?罗马帝国是什么时候形成的?145.Have you get the issue that _____________ recently?你有最近出的那一期杂志吗?Let me know how the voting ______________.告诉我投票结果如何。
146.After much talk they ___________ an agreement.经过多次商谈, 他们达成了协议。
147.The present government ___________________ two years ago.现政府是两年前上台的。
148.I sincerely hope that our negotiation will______________________________. 我衷心希望这次谈判能得出一个满意的结论。
初中英语学科教学基本要求单词
初中英语学科教学基本要求单词青浦区初中英语学科教学基本要求（新⽜津8B）本材料编写⼈员：豫英学校吴春华、⾦泽中学顾秋红、颜安中学徐素慧。
Module1 Unit1 Trees⼀、主要内容●重点单词:average, item, product, produce, gas, fighter, fact, scientist, interested, notebook,suppose, breathe, pure, release, alive, natural, warn, protect, chemical, join, communicate, burn, replace, hardly, destroy, exchange, nature, main, lorry●词组：1.平均年龄average age2.同污染做⽃争fight pollution3.⼀个有关污染问题的班级课题 a class project on pollution4.对…感兴趣be interested in sth./ doing sth.5.最⼤最古⽼的⽣物the biggest and oldest living things6.在地球上on the earth7.别的什么what else8.美化街道，降低噪⾳make streets more beautiful and less noisy(make +n./pron. + adj.)9.因做某事⽽感谢某⼈thank sb. for sth./doing sth.10.1.5 公顷one and a half hectares (one hectare and a half)11.喜欢呼吸纯净凉爽的空⽓enjoy breathing pure, cool air (enjoy doing sth.)12.提供（⽣产）⾜够的氧⽓produce enough oxygen (enough 的⽤法)13.从空⽓中吸掉有害⽓体take harmful gases from the air14.释放氧⽓到空中release oxygen into the air15.起…的作⽤do the job of …= has the power of16.使全班同学保持活⼒和健康keep the whole class alive and healthy(keep +n./pron. + adj.)17.⼏乎⼀整天almost all day18.例如for example19.天然的空调natural air conditioners20.对……⾮常了解know a lot about…21.警告它的邻居warn its neighbour22.攻击某⼈/某物attack sb./ sth.23.通过做某事保护⾃⼰protect oneself by doing sth.24.分泌⼀种化学药品produce a chemical25.使树叶变得难吃make the leaves taste nasty(make sb./sth. + do …: taste + adj.)26.把…结合在⼀起join …together27.相互交流communicate with each other/one another28.互相传递养料和⽔分pass food and water to each other / one another29.有（很⼤）危险in (great) danger30.砍伐和燃烧树⽊cut down and burn trees(cut-cut-cut, burn- burned/ burnt- burned/ burnt)31.也，还as well as32.代替，补上replace= take the place of33.⼏乎没有hardly any of …= almost none of …34.破坏，毁灭森林destroy forests35.给某⼈提供某物provide sb. with sth. / provide sth. for sb.36.污染卫⼠fighters against pollution = pollution fighters37.保护……免遭protect… from38.阻⽌…做某事stop … from doing sth.词性1. fighter (n.) ⽃⼠；战⼠--- fight (v.) 战⽃2. scientist (n.) 科学家--- science (n.) 科学3. breathe (v.) 呼吸--- breath n.) 呼吸4. interest (v./n.) 感兴趣；兴趣--- interested (adj.) 感兴趣的---interesting (adj.) 有趣的5. alive (adj.) 活着的--- living (adj.) 有⽣命的---live v./n.居住，*现场的---*lively (adj) 活泼的6. main (adj.) 主要的--- mainly (adv.) 主要地；⼤体上7. nature (n.) ⾃然界；⼤⾃然---natural (adj.) ⾃然的---naturally (adv.) ⾃然地8. product (n.) 产品--- produce (v.) ⽣产；产⽣--- producer (n.) ⽣产者，制造者9. chemical (n./adj.) 化学物质；化学的---chemistry (n.) 化学10. warn (v.) 警告；使警惕--- warning (n.) 警告；警⽰11. pollute (v.) 污染---pollution (n.) 污染---polluted (adj.) 被污染的12. noise (n.) 吵闹声，噪⾳---noisy （adj.）吵闹的---noisily (adv.) 吵闹地，喧闹地13. really (adv.) 真正地，确实---real (adj.) 真的，真实地--- realize (v.) 实现14. communicate (v.) 交流---communication (n.) 交流15. pure (adj.) 纯净的--- purely (adv.) 纯净地16. harmful (adj.) 有害的--- harmless (adj.) ⽆害的--- harm (v./n.) 危害句型1.What good are trees? = What is the good of trees?2.They are the biggest and oldest living things on the earth.== They are bigger and older than anyother living thing on the earth.3.Trees cool the air as well as clean it. ===Trees clean the air and cool it as well.Trees not only clean the air but also cool it.Trees both clean the air and cool it.4.We cut down and burn millions of trees every year, but we replace hardly any of them.===We cut down and burn millions of trees every year, but we replace almost none of them.语法：现在进⾏时 The present continuous tense1、意义：表⽰现在正在发⽣或进⾏的动作，通常与now, at present, these days等时间状语或Look!Listen! Be careful! 等暗⽰语连⽤。
英语课程教学基本要求常用短语
《高职高专教育英语课程教学基本要求》所列常用短语3pick up 捡起，（车等）中途搭人，学会put off 推迟，推延pile up 堆起来，（车）追撞在一起put on 穿上，上演，增加（体重）in place of 代替，交换put out 熄灭，关灯，消灭in place 在适当的位置，就位put to use 使用in the first place 首先，第一put up 提出，建起，架起out of place 不在适当的位置，不相称的put up with 容忍，忍受play with 玩耍，动…念头in question 在谈论中的with pleasure 高兴地out of question 没问题plenty of 充足的，相当多的out of the question 不可能的，布置的考虑的point to / at 指向，表明without question 毫无疑问，毫无异议point out 指出to the point 切中要害Ron the point of 正要…. 的时候on the radio 通过收音机，通过广播pop up 出然出现，突然发生at random 无目的的，随便的，随机的be popular with sb. 受某人欢迎at any rate 无论如何if possible 可能的话had/would rather (than) 宁愿…（而不愿）out of practice 久不练习，荒疏rather than 与其…（不如）...; 不是.. 而是..put into practice 实行，实施react to 对…做出反应，对…. 起反应in practice 在实践中，实际上get ready for 为…准备好prefer to 喜欢，比起…来还是…好by reason of 由于prepare for 准备，为…做准备refer to 参考；涉及；查询at present 目前refer to … as 把…称作（看作）prevent from 妨碍，防止，预防regard asprevious to 在…之前with /in regard to 关于，至于，就…而论regardless of 不管，不顾see off 给…送行in relation to 关于，就…而言，涉及see through 看穿，识破relate to 联系，关联see to 注意，照料，负责rely on 依靠，依赖sell out 售完remind of提醒，使…想起send for 派人区情，召唤，派人去取with respect to 关于send in 呈交，提交，送去in respect of 关于，就…而言send out 发出，派遣respond to 响应，反应come to one’s sense 恢复理智，醒悟过来，苏醒be responsible for sth. 为…负责in a sense 从某种意义上讲rest on 依靠，依赖make sense of 理解，弄懂restrain from 阻止，抑制be sensitive to 对…. 过敏result in 导致，结果是] separate from 区分，分开result from 起因于 a series of 一系列，一连串as a result 因此set about 开始，着手as a result of 由于…. 的结果set aside 拨出，留出；不理会，撤销in return 作为报答（回报）set back 推迟，延缓，be rich in 在…. 充足（充裕）set down 放下，阻碍让…下车，记下，制定get rid of 摆脱，除掉set fire to 点火，放火all right 好，行set forth 阐明，陈述，出发，动身right now 现在，刚刚set free 释放ring up 打电话set out 出发，起程，引起，激起give rise to 引起，造成set up 创立，建立，建筑play the role of 扮演…. 角色settle down 定居，安顿下来as a rule 通常，照例be short of 短缺break the rule 违反规定cut short 中断，打断rule out 排除，否决for short 简称run down 撞倒，减少，（使）…. 停止运转in short 简言之run into 撞上，偶然碰见，遭遇run short of 缺少run off 逃跑，（使）…流出shout at 对…大声喊run out (of) 被用完，被耗尽on show 展览，陈列run through 跑着穿过，贯穿show … around 领…参观show off 炫耀，卖弄S show … out 领…. 出去on sale 出售，上市，贱卖show up 出席，露面all the same 仍然，照样的shut down 牢牢地关上，停工，弥漫the same as 和…一样side by side 肩并肩，一个挨一个on a small / large scale 小（大）规模地catch sight of 发现，看到scores of 许多，大量in sight 被见到，在望on schedule 按时间表，及时，准时out of sight 看不见，在视野之外by sea 乘船at first sight 乍一看，初看起来in search of 寻找in silence 沉默地，无声地search for 搜查，寻找ever since 从…起一直到现在in season 上市be similar to 与…相似out of season 下市sit down 坐下take one’s seat 就座slow down (使)放慢，减速see as 把…看作and so on /forth 等等or so 大约take as 把….. 作为so as to 为了，以便，以致take away 清除，拿走；剥夺so that 因此，以便take down 记下，写下as soon as 一…就…take …. For 把…. 误人为，把…看作no sooner than 刚….. 便，一…就…take in 吸收；领会，理解sooner of later 迟早，终归take off 拿走，脱下；起飞sort out 加以分类，整理take on 承担，从事；呈现（面貌）speak of 谈起，提到，表达，说成take out 拿出；除去，获得speed up 加快速度take over 接管，接替，取而代之spend on 在…. 花费（钱）take sides 站….. 一边on the spot 在场，到场，立即，当场take up 占去，占用，开始从事stand for 代表，象征talk of 谈论，议论stand out 突出，显眼talk to oneself 自言自语stand up (使)站起，耐用，站得住脚taste of 有…味道stand up to 勇敢地面对，经得起tell from 辨别，分辨stare at 凝视lose one’s temper 发怒，发脾气for a start 起先，作为开始in terms ofstart out 动身，起动，开始thanks to 由于，多亏to start with 开始that is (用作插入语)就是说，即stay up 挺住，站立by then 到那时step by step 逐步地in theory 理论上step in 走进，干涉think about 思虑，思考step up 提高，提升；加快，加速think of 想起，考虑；想一想，认为stick to 坚持，忠于，信守think of… as 把….看作是，以为….是stop from 阻止，阻拦think over 仔细考虑struggle against 同…..作斗争as though 好像be subject to 易遭…. 的，受…. 支配，遵守even though 即使subject to 使遭受，使服从，on second thoughts 进一步考虑后succeed in (干….)成功throw away扔掉，抛弃such as 例如tie up 系紧，（使）合作，束缚such that 如此…以至于all the time 一直，始终all of a sudden 突然地，出乎意料地at a time 每次，一次suffer from 遭受at any time 随时sum up 总结，概括at no time 从不，决不to sum up 大概，总之at one time 以前，曾经；一次in sum 简言之，总而言之at the same time 同时，然而be sure of 对….有把握，确信at times 有时，间或make sure 查明，弄确实；确保for the time being 目前，暂时in surprise 惊奇地from time to time 有时，不时take by surprise 使….吃惊have a good time 过得愉快，玩得高兴to one’s surprise 令人吃惊的是in no time 立即，马上switch off 关掉in time 及时switch on 开启on time 准时once upon a time 从前T take one’s time 慢慢来，从容进行take after 与…相像take along 随身带着wash out 洗净，浸蚀，冲掉take apart 拆卸，拆开watch for 等待，留心too … to 太…而不能watch out for 密切注意，戒备，提防on (the) top of 在…. 的上面watch over 查看，监视get in touch with与…. 联系，与…..接触by the way 随遍地，附带地说说keep in touch with 与…. 保持联系by way of 经过，经由；通过…. 的方法keep track of 跟踪，保持联系，记录in a way 在某种程度上，从某一点上keep down 追捕，追究，查明in no way 决不，一点也不translate into 把…. 译成in the way 挡道的，妨碍别人的in trouble 处于困难中in the same way 同样try on 试穿make way 让路，腾出地方或位置try one’s best 竭尽所能make one’s way 去，前进，前往try out 试验under way 航行中，（计划等）进行中tune in 调谐，收听wear off磨损，磨去；逐渐减少in turn 依次，轮流wear out 穿破，用坏；使疲乏，使耗尽take turn 轮流as well 同样，也take down 关小，调低，拒绝，驳回as well as 除….之外（也），既….又take in 交出，上缴what about …..怎么样take into 变成what if 如果…. 将会怎么样take off 关掉，断开whether … or 是…还是，不管…还是take on 接通，打开after a while 过了一会儿take out 制造，生产；结果是for a while 暂时，一时take over 仔细考虑in a short while 一会以后，不久take to 便成；求助于once in a while 偶尔take up 开大，调高；出现，来到while away 消磨时间as a whole 作为整体，就整体而言U on the whole 总的来说，大体上up to 达到，胜任，从事于，取决于win over 把…. 说服，把…. 争取过来make use of 利用wind up 卷上；结束；落得….的结局put to use 使用wipe out 彻底摧毁，消灭use up 用光，用完go without 没有….也行used to do sth. 过去常常no wonder ( that ) 难怪be used to + v. ing 习惯于in a word 简言之，总之，一句话in other words 换句话说，也就是说V keep one’s word 守信用in vain 徒劳，白费力word for word 逐字的a (wide ) variety of 各种各样的work on 继续工作；从事；对….发生作用in view of 鉴于，考虑到，由于work out 算出，想出，制订出point of view 观点，着眼点worry about 担心，烦恼with a view to 以…. 为目标，鉴于at worst 在最坏的情形下be worth doing / sth. 值得（做….）W write down 写下，记下wait on 服侍，接待go wrong 发生故障，出毛病wait for 等候，等待wake up 醒来，叫醒warm up (使)暖合起来，使活跃起来。
英语学科知识与教学能力(高中)必背
英语学科知识与教学能力（高中）必背考点第二部分语言教学知识与能力第一章外语教学基本理论第二节英语教学法一语法翻译法（grammar translation method）（一）语言观：语言是书面语，语言是一种知识，是由语音，语法和词汇构成的符号体系。
（外语教学法史上最早的一个教学法体系）（二）教学目的：培养学生阅读外国文学作品的能力和模仿范文进行写作的能力（三）特点是：教师用母语授课，授课重点是讲解与分析句子成分和语音、词汇变化与语法规则。
（四）评价优点：母语翻译，强调语法学习，深刻理解外语抽象词义和复杂结构缺点：1. 忽视口语教学，学生的语音语调差，不利于培养学生用外语进行交际的能力；2. 教学方式单一，学生容易失去兴趣。
二直接法（direct method）（一）语言观：语言是一种技能或习惯，习惯的养成要靠大量的重复练习和模仿（二）教学目的：培养学生阅读外国文学作品的能力和模仿范文进行写作的能力。
（三）特点：直接学习，直接理解和直接应用（四）评价优点：1. 采用各种直观教具，接近实际生活，培养用外语思维能力；2. 注重语言实践练习，学生学习积极性高，学习兴趣浓厚；3. 重视口语和语音教学，能有效地培养学生的语言运用能力。
缺点：1. 排斥母语，使学生对一些抽象和复杂的概念难以理解；2. 没有明晰的语法解释，导致学生说出的话语法错误较多。
三听说法（audio-lingual method）（一）语言观：语言是口语，是说出来的话，而不是写出来的文字。
（二）特点：以句型操练为中心，着重培养儿童听说能力的外语教学法。
（三）评价优点：培养学生敢于大胆主动地使用所学语言进行交谈，口语能力较强；重听说，初级阶段帮助大，语音语调自然。
缺点：机械操练不利于发展创造性思维，重形式，轻读写，语境不利于灵活应用。
四情景法(the situational approach)（一）概念：情景法也叫视听法。
强调耳，眼等器官以及大脑整体地去感知和认识外语材料，培养学生的听说读写四种能力。
上海学科要求词组(中文)
1.表(二)词组(共518个词组)2.对……巨大的消耗3.说明，解释4.．．．指控……，谴责……5.担任；充当6.…使适应7.增添8.合计达9.(使)适应10.准许…···进入11.就……取得一致12.同意某人观点、意见13.同意……的意见；适合14.提前15.瞄准，争取16.呼吁；吸引17.申请18.把……应用于……19.赞成20.事实上21.作为结果；因此22.作为整体，就整体来看23.就·…而言，远到……，到……程度(表示程度，范围)24.照常25.请……帮个忙26.查问，打听27.问候28.把A 和 B联系起来29.向……保证30.茫然不知所措31.不惜一切代价32.乍一看33.一度34.现在，目前35.以·…一为代价36.任由……摆布37.此刻，目前；那时，当时38.冒着生命危险39.有时40.把……依附于41.重视42.授予某人某物43.把……放在……的基础上44.缺席45.全神贯注于……46.习惯于做47.担忧48.意识到的49.有能力50.由……组成51.关心52.对……有信心53.某人做某事考虑得周到54.与…相反55.对……好奇56.决定做某事57.由于…病倒了58.忙于做某事59.与……相等60.曝光于，接触61.面对……62.对……熟悉63.对……厌烦64.适合……65.没有……的66.因某事感激某人67.对某事一无所知68.支持(赞成)……69.独立于70.受感染71.较低于，与……相比不如72.卷入，参与73.坐落(在)74.陷入沉思75.质量好／差76.节食77.强烈反对做某事78.对……挑剔79.受某人欢迎80.出席，在场81.可胜任……82.与……相关83.对……有抵抗能力84.对……负责任85.对……感到满意第一，不次于任何人86.缺乏87.与……相似88.对……严格89.适合……90.优于……91.坚信；确信92.为……担心93.习惯于……94.把·…··牢记在心95.由……开始96.行为检点、守规矩97.信仰；对……有信心98.信不信由你99.得益于100.力所不及／力所能及101.难以描述102.因……责备某人103.脱离，逃跑104.抛锚；倒塌；中止105.爆发106.违法107.突破；突围108.结束109.使……苏醒110.引起111.抚养112.建立，树立113.装上；碰见114.突然发作；突然……起来115.意外地；偶然116.一定117.比较起来，相比之下118.用；依靠119.弄错120.决不121.以打计122.用这种方法123.对比之下124.访问某地125.要求；需要126.顺路到(某处)；请某人来帮忙127.取消128.拜访某人；号召129.大声叫唤；唤起130.关心、介意131.继续；进行132.执行；实施133.吸引注意134.赶上135.看见／看不见136.好转／恶化137.控告138.使高兴；高兴起来139.打扫干净140.澄清；(天气)变晴141.把……和……结合起来142.不期而遇143.患病144.产生、成立145.出来；开花；结果是146.达到；共计；恢复知觉，苏醒147.上台，执掌148.得出结论149.提出150.走近；长出来151.评论152.犯罪153.常识154.把A比喻成B155.把A和B比较156.与……相竞争157.集中精力在·158.做一个调查159.把和混淆160.因某事祝贺某人161.把……看作162.由…组成163.有助于164.使某人相信某事165.和某人合作166.对付，应付，处理167.依靠，指望168.走了很长一段路169.减少170.切断；断绝171.追溯到172.献身于做某事。
4级翻译练习
【翻译练习1】古代的艺术家热衷于画被驯服的马，画家徐悲鸿却对画野马情有独钟。
这位国画大师在法国进修期间学习了马的解剖，他花费大量的时间观察马的动态和表情。
徐悲鸿画的马，有的飞奔，有的小跑，形态各异，非常有魅力。
他画的马多是黑色，结合了中西方绘画手法，线条和笔画简单，但是每幅画所画的动物却都十分传神。
【词汇突破】热衷于：be obsessed with; be wild about; be bound up in; be keen on; be on fire for; be enthusiastic about; be full of enthusiasm about被驯服的：domesticated; saddled对……情有独钟：have an affinity to sth. ; prefer解剖：anatomy马的，马科的，像马的：equine飞奔：gallop小跑：trot形态各异：in different shapes; in different poses; in a rich variety of poses有魅力的：captivating; charming, attractive笔画：brush stroke【参考译文】Unlike ancient artists obsessed with saddled horses, Xu Beihong preferred feral and wild ones. Trained in France, the Chinese master studied equine anatomy, spending hours observing horses‟ movements and expressions. Xu‟s portrayals of horses galloping or trotting past, in a rich variety of poses, are some of the most captivating of their kind. Using mostly black ink, they combine the best methods from East and West. The lines and brush strokes are simple, yet invariable evoke the essence of the animals.【翻译练习2】与大多数中国节日一样，元宵节同样有自己的特色小吃，成为“汤圆”(也叫“元宵”)。
大学英语基础阶段《翻译》课程教学大纲
大学英语基础阶段《翻译》课程教学大纲课程编号：06课程名称：大学英语翻译课程类别：选修学分：2总学时：32新的《大学英语教学大纲》对学生的英汉互译能力提出了具体而明确的要求。
在基础阶段，要求学生“能借助词典将难度略低于课文的英语短文译成汉语，理解正确，译文达意，译速为每小时300英语单词。
能借助词典将内容熟悉的汉语文字材料译成英语，译文达意，无重大语言错误，译速为每小时250汉字。
”在高级阶段，要求学生“能借助词典将难度略低于课文的英语短文译成汉语，理解正确，译文达意，译速为每小时350个英语单词。
能借助词典将内容熟悉的汉语文字翻译成英语，译文达意，无重大语言错误，译速为每小时300汉字。
”按照此要求，在大学英语教学中开设翻译课是非常有必要的。
一、教学对象本大纲的教学对象为高等学校非英语专业的高年级本科生。
在学习翻译课程之前，他们应已掌握基本的语音和语法知识，领会式掌握4200个单词（其中复用式掌握的单词为2500个）以及由这些词构成的词组和短语。
二、教学目的和要求翻译课的目的就是能顺应时代的要求，培养和提高学生的实际翻译能力和理论素养，使学生在翻译题材熟悉，难度适中的英汉语语篇时，做到在内容上忠实于原文，表达上通顺流畅。
三、教学内容：1．翻译的重要性2．翻译的标准2．1 严复的“信，达，雅”2．2 钱钟书的“化境”2．3 奈达的“等效论”2．4 辜正坤的“多元互补”2．5 刘重德的“信，达，切”2．6 大学英语教学中翻译的标准：忠实、通顺、艺术性3．翻译的性质：3．1 翻译与创作的区别3．2 翻译的性质：再现原文语篇的信息4．翻译方法：4．1 直译与意译的区别4．2 直译为主，意译为辅，直意结合，灵活运用5．翻译过程：5．1 分析——透过原文表层结构，抓住其深层的信息5．2 传译——用目的语将原语所表达的信息转述出来5．3 重组——按译语的规则重新组织译文，做到通顺流畅5．4 检验——检验译文是否做到忠实、通顺6．翻译腔及其对策：6．1 什么是翻译腔6．2 翻译腔的根源6．3 如何克服翻译腔7．英汉语言的差异与翻译：7．1 英语的形合与汉语的意合7．2 英语的静态与汉语的动态7．3 英语被动意义的显性特征与汉语的隐性被动与中动的区别7．4 英语复句的多层次性和汉语复句的单层次性7．5 英语的直线思维与汉语的螺旋形思维8．中西文化的差异与翻译9．翻译技巧：9．1 增词法 9.2 减词法9．3 省略法 9.4 改变词类9．5 调整词序 9.6 正反、反正表达法9．7 拆句法与合句法10．翻译单位：10．1 以句子为单位 10.2 以段落为单位10．3 以语篇为单位11．教学内容的设计：11．1 翻译理论的介绍11．2 名家名译赏析11．3 分项训练四、教学安排翻译课为选修课，为期一学期。
2015年英语学科教学基本要求_词组
有一点儿__________两个，几个＿＿＿＿＿一种，一类___________各种各样的许多＿＿＿＿＿一双一副______________一（块，张，片，一件）＿＿＿＿＿按照，根据＿＿＿＿＿加上_______________毕竟，究竟____________同意某人的意见＿＿＿＿＿整天_____________行了，好吧，（病）好了，＿___________＿＿＿＿一路上__________等等＿＿＿＿＿为某事向某人道歉（3）___________________________ 到达某地（3）__________＿＿＿＿＿像....一样，如同________________也，又＿＿＿＿＿请求，寻求____________早\午\晚餐＿＿＿＿＿起先,开始的时候\最后________________终于在家（里）＿＿＿＿＿至少\至多________________立刻，马上＿＿＿＿＿现在，目前______________在学校，在上课＿＿＿＿＿在（八月）底_______________同时＿＿＿＿＿在周末_______________在工作＿＿＿＿＿能够（有能力）______________害怕＿＿＿＿＿生某人的气_______________有害于＿＿＿＿＿____出生于________________忙于做某事＿＿＿＿＿小心_____________与......连接在一起＿＿＿＿＿被......覆盖________________ 与.......不同＿＿＿＿对......熟悉，为（某人）所熟悉____________________________ 被.......而著名，所熟知＿＿＿＿＿爱好_______________充满＿＿＿＿＿擅长于__________________在某方面......比较差＿＿＿＿＿对......感兴趣_____________喜爱＿＿＿＿＿迟到________来晚了＿＿＿＿＿由......制成（看得出，看不出）__________由......地方生产制造＿＿＿＿＿被加工制作成....._____________ 对......满意＿＿＿＿＿对......而感到自豪______________ 为......作准备＿＿＿＿＿对......负责任____________ 为......感到满意＿＿＿＿＿对某事严格要求_________＿＿＿＿对某人严格＿＿＿＿＿为......感到惊奇＿＿＿＿＿对某人很感激＿＿＿＿＿习惯于某事\做某事＿＿＿＿＿由于＿＿＿＿＿属于＿＿＿＿＿两者都＿＿＿＿＿闯入，破门而入＿＿＿＿＿抛锚＿＿＿＿＿乘公共汽车＿＿＿＿＿爆发＿＿＿＿＿亲自（2）＿＿＿＿＿打电话（2）＿＿＿＿顺便说，顺便问一下＿＿＿＿＿照顾，喜欢＿＿＿＿＿着凉伤风＿＿＿＿＿着火＿＿＿＿＿（使）变换，改换，变成＿＿＿＿＿＿改变主意＿＿＿＿办理登记＿＿＿＿＿出生于，来自＿＿＿＿＿快，走吧，跟我来____________结束＿＿＿＿＿实现_________________ 与......交流＿＿＿＿＿投诉抱怨（2）__________ 由......组成＿＿＿＿＿砍倒_______________ 处理＿＿＿＿＿依靠，依赖___________ 因......（病）而死。
学科教学基本要求词组半句翻译练习5
334.He dreamed of_________________________.他梦想着发财。
335.Before I go shopping, I _____________________ the things I must buy.在上街买东西之前, 我把必须买的东西列出一个单子。
336.Newspapers ________________ from the advertisements they carry.报纸由其所刊登的广告获取利益。
337.______________________, you should fulfill it.如果你许诺了,你就要履行你的诺言。
338.You should ____________________________ every day.你们必须努力去每天学一点新东西。
339.In one study, researchers asked participants to shop for a new car, then _________________ to buy it.在一个研究中，研究人员让参与者购买一辆新车，然后出价。
340.Can you _______________________ a dinner party?您能为我安排一次宴会吗?341.You're welcome to ________________________ our products.欢饮您对我们的产品发表任何评论。
342.I have ______________________ about the canteen service on the campus.对于校园内食堂服务问题我有一些抱怨。
343.If there is an emergency, _______________ with head office, please.如果有紧急情况,请联系总部。
学科基本要求词组整理英语版
1. a great drain oneg. Military spending is a huge/great drain on the country’s resources.2.account foreg. The poor weather may have accounted for the small crowd.How do you account for the show’s success?3.accuse…of…eg. She accused him of murder/theft/lying.The government was accused of incompetence.4.adapt(…)to…eg. It took him a while to adapt himself to his new surroundings.5.add toeg. The bad weather only added to our difficulties.6.add up toeg. The numbers add up to exactly 100.7.adjust …toeg. You should adjust your language to the age of your audience.8.admit...to/intoeg. You will not be admitted to the theater after the performance has started.Women were only admitted into the club last year.9.agree on (agree with sb on/about sth)eg. We agreed on an early start tomorrow.10.agree toeg. Do you think he will agree to their proposal?11.agree witheg. Spicy food doesn’t agree with me.12.ahead of time/scheduleeg. He finished the task several days ahead of time/schedule/the deadline. 13.aim ateg. They are aiming at training everybody by the end of the year.My criticism wasn’t aimed at you.14.appeal to sb for sth. / appeal to sb to do stheg. Organizers appealed to the crowd not to panic.15.apply for16.eg. apply to **pany for a jobapply…toeg. The new technology was applied to farming.17.approve ofeg. He doesn’t approve of my leaving school this year.18.as a matter of fact19.as a result20.as a wholeeg. The campaign will be significant for our country as a whole.21.as far as22.as usualeg. Despite the problems, she carried on working as usual.23.ask a favor ofeg. Can I ask a favor of you?/Can I ask you a favo?24.ask abouteg. He asked about her family.25.ask aftereg. He always asks after you in his letter.26.associate A with Beg. I always associate the smell of baking with my childhood. 27.assure…ofeg. We assured him of our loyal support.28.at a losseg. **ments left me at a loss for words.I am at a loss what to do next.29.at all costs/at any costeg. He is determined to win at any cost.You must stop the press from finding out at all costs.30.at first sighteg. At first sight, it may look like a generous offer.31.at one timeeg. At one time, she was my best friend.32.at presenteg. I’m sorry he is out at present.33.at the cost ofeg. She saved her from the fire at the cost of her own life.34.at the mercy ofeg. We were at the mercy of the weather.I don’t want to put myself at the mercy of the bank.35.at the momenteg. We are busy at the moment. (now)36.at the risk of one’s lifeeg. He jumped into the icy waters at the risk of his life.37.at timeseg. He can be really bad-tempered at times. (sometimes)38.attach…toeg. Attach the coupon to the front of your letter.They have attached a number of conditions to the agreement.39.attach importance/significance/value/weight toeg. I attach great importance to the research.40.award sb sth./award sth. To sbeg. He was awarded a prize.41．base…on/uponeg. What are you basing your theory on?42. be absent fromeg. He was absent from the meeting yesterday.43. be absorbed ineg. She seemed totally absorbed in her book.44. be/get accustomed toeg. My eyes slowly grew accustomed to the dark.She was a person accustomed to having eight hours’ sleep a night. 45. be anxious about sth/for sbeg. She was anxious about her job.Parents are naturally anxious for their children.46. be aware ofeg. Everyone should be made aware of the risks involved.47. be capable ofeg. He is quite capable of lying to get out of trouble.48. be composed ofeg. **mittee is composed mainly of lawyers.49. be concerned about/for stheg. The president is deeply concerned about this issue.He didn’t seem in the least concerned for her safety.50. be confident of/be confident thateg. The team feels confident of winning.I am confident that you will get the job.51. be considerate of sb to do stheg. It was very considerate of him to wait.52. be contrary toeg. The publication of the report would be contrary to the public interest.53. be curious about/to do sth.eg. They were very curious about the people who lived upstairs.I was curious to find out what she said.54. be determined to doeg. I am determined to succeed.55. be/come down witheg. He came down with a bad cold last week.56. be engaged ineg. They were engaged in conversation.57. be equal toeg. One unit of alcohol is equal to half a pint of beer.58. be exposed toeg. Our children should not be exposed to TV violence.The balcony is exposed to full sunshine throughout the day.59. be faced witheg. She is faced with a difficult decision.60. be familiar witheg. Are you familiar with **puter software they use?eg. I am fed up with waiting for her.People are fed up with all these traffic jams.In the end, I just got fed up with his **plaints.62. be fit foreg. The food is not fit for human consumption.63. be free from/ofeg. It was several weeks before he **pletely free from/of pain64. be grateful/thankful to sb. for sth./to do stheg. I am extremely grateful to all the teachers for their help.65. be ignorant ofeg. He is completely ignorant of/about modern technology.66. be in favour ofeg. I am all in favour of equal pay for equal work.67. be independent ofeg. Students should aim to become more independent of their teachers.68. be infected witheg. He was afraid that his child might be infected with the disease.69. be inferior toeg. Modern music is often considered inferior to that of the past.70. be involved ineg. He becomes involved in politics.We need to examine all the costs involved in the project.71. be located (in)eg. The offices are conveniently located just a few minutes from the main station.72. be lost in thoughteg. He was lost in thought, gazing into the distance.73. be of good/poor qualityeg. Goods of good/top quality will definitely become popular.74. be popular with/amongeg. These policies are unlikely to prove popular with workers.75. be present ateg. Most fathers wish to be present at the birth of their child.There were 200 people present at the meeting.76. be qualified foreg. She is extremely well qualified for the job.77. be related toeg. Much of the crime in this area is related to drug abuse.78. be resistant toeg. Elderly people are not always resistant to change.The plants are resistant to **mon diseases.79. be responsible foreg. Mike is responsible for designing the entire project.eg. She is never satisfied with what she has got.81. be second to noneeg. As a dancer, he is second to none.82. be short ofeg. She is not short of excuses when things go wrong.I am a little short of money this month.83. be similar to…in…eg. My house is similar to yours in size.84. be strict witheg. They were always very strict with their children.85. be suitable foreg. The programme is not suitable for children.86. be superior toeg. The model is technically superior to **petitors.The model is superior to **petitors in technology.87. be sure ofeg. I hope you are sure of your facts.88. be worried abouteg. The doctors are worried about the possible spread of the disease.89. be/get used toeg. I am not used to eating so much at lunch time.90. bear…in mindbear in mind thateg. There are a few points you might like to bear in mind.I think it is also worth bearing in mind that he was under a lot of stress at the time.91. begin witheg. Each chapter begins with a quotation.92. behave oneselfeg. Behave yourself, or you’d better watch out!93. believe ineg. Do you believe in magic/the existence of God?He believed in natural equality and freedom of individuals.94. believe it or not,eg. Believe it or not, he asked me to marry him!95. benefit fromeg. Customers will benefit form a new range of financial services.96. beyond/within one’s powereg. It is not within my power to help you.97. beyond descriptioneg. The personal pain goes beyond description.98. blame…foreg. She didn’t blame anyone for her father’s death.The police blamed the accident on the dangerous driving.99. break away fromeg. The prisoner broke away from the guard.The people of the province wished to break away from the country.100. break downeg. The telephone system has broken down.101. break outeg. Fighting broke out between rival groups of fans.102. break the laweg. If they entered the building, they would break the law.103. break througheg. The player broke through the opposition’s defense.The sun finally broke through the clouds.104. bring…to an endeg. The tragedy brought his promising career to an end.105. bring…to lifeeg. Flowers can bring a dull room back to life.The new teacher really brought French to life for us.106. bring abouteg. What brought about the change in his attitude?107. bring upeg. She brought up five children.108. build upeg. She has built up a very successful business.These finds help us build up a picture of life in the Middle Ages.109. bump intoeg. He bumped into a chair and dropped his cigar.I bumped into Mary an hour ago.110. burst into sth.eg. burst into tears/burst out cryingThe aircraft crashed and burst into flames.111. by accidenteg. Did it happen by accident or by design?112. by all meanseg. By all means take a day or two to think about it.The prices are variable so shop around by all means.113. by comparisoneg. How big is that by comparison with the whole?The house costs more but is cheaper by comparison.114. by means ofeg. Astronauts circling the earth are able to keep in touch with civilization by means of radio. 115. by mistakeeg. He took my pen by mistake.116. by no meanseg. He is by no means considered to be a great explorer.The pause in speech is by no means of random occurrence.117. by the dozeneg. Eggs are sold by the dozen.118. by this means119. by/in contrasteg When you look at their new system, ours seems very old-fashioned by contrast.In contrast to her sister, she is very tall.The situation when we arrived was in marked contrast to the news report.The poverty of her childhood stands in total contrast to her life in Hollywood. 120. call ateg. We called at several real estate offices until we agreed on a place.121. call foreg. The situation calls for prompt action.\122. call ineg. call in the doctor/the police123. call offeg. The game was called off because of the bad weather.They have called off their engagement.124. call oneg. Let’s call on John on our way back home.The Opposition called on the Prime Minister to stop the arms deal.125. call outeg. The driver didn’t stop or even call out thank you.He turned into the yard, calling out to the porter that he had arrived.The government called out the army to help put out the fire.126. care abouteg. She cares deeply about environmental issues.127. carry on with sth. /carry sth. oneg. Carry on with the work while I am away.128. carry outeg. Extensive tests have been carried out on the patient.129. catch one’ eyeeg. The flowers in your window caught my eye.130. catch up witheg. Go on ahead. I will catch up with you.131. catch/lose sight ofeg. She caught sight of car in the distance.The finally lost sight of land.132. change for the better/worseeg. The weather hadn’t changed for the better.There were constant changes, usually for the worse.133. charge…witheg. He was charged with murder.134. cheer upeg. Give Mary a call. She needs cheering up.135. clean upeg. Who’s going to clean up the mess.Any child would gladly stay behind to help me clean up the classroom. 136. clear upeg. I hope it will clear up this afternoon.Clear up a mystery/misunderstanding137. combine…witheg. The trip **bine business with pleasure.138. come acrosseg. Everyone **e across the sort of problem which seems impossible to solve. 139. come down witheg. She came down with pneumonia.140. come into existence/beingeg. **pany came into existence in 1971.141. come outeg. All the facts came out after his death.When is her new **ing out?The daffodils came out early this year.142. come to (oneself)eg. When I came to, I found myself being looked after by some nurses.The bill came to 100 yuan.143. come to/into powereg. A severe economic crisis swept the country shortly after he came into power. 144. come to/arrive at a conclusioneg. I **e to the conclusion that he is not the right person for the job.145. come up witheg. He came up with a new idea for increasing sales.146. come upeg. The daffodils are just beginning to come up.He came up to me and asked for a light.147. comment oneg. I don’t feel I **ment on their decision.148. commit a crimeeg. The man confessed to **mitted a crime.149. common knowledgeeg. It is common knowledge that travel broadens horizons.150. compare A to Beg. We **pare the body to a finely tuned machine.151. compare A with Beg. My own problems seemed **pared with other people’s.152. compete with/againsteg. We can’t compete with/against them on price.153. concentrate oneg. I decided to concentrate all my efforts on finding somewhere to live.154. conduct /carry out a surveyeg. We have been conducting a survey of the region.155. confuse A with Beg. People often confuse me with my twin sister.156. congratulate sb on sth.eg. I congratulated them all on their achievements.157. consider…(as/to be)eg. The award is considered (to be) a great honor.158. consist ofeg. Their diet consisted largely of vegetables.159. contribute toeg. The book contributes little to our understanding of the subject.160. convince sb. of sth.eg. You’ll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job.161. cooperate with sbeg. The two groups agreed to cooperate closely with each other in the planning of the project. 162. cope witheg. He wasn’t able to cope with the stress of the job.Desert plants are adapted to cope with extreme heat.163. count oneg. I’m counting on you to help me.Few people can count on having a job for life.We can’t count on this warm weather lasting.164. cover a long distanceeg. He covered a long distance alone in the mountains.165. cut down oneg. The doctor told him to cut down on his drinking.166. cut offeg. Our water supply has been cut off.She felt very cut off living in the country.He cut himself off from all human contact.167. date back to/date fromeg. The college dates back to medieval times.The law dates from the 17th century.Their friendship dates back to college days.The church dates as far back as the 6th century.168. devote oneself to doing sth.eg. She devoted herself to her career.169. die downeg. When the applause died down, she began her speech.170. die outeg. The species has nearly died out because tis habitat is being destroyed.171. differ fromeg. French differs from English in this respect.172. distinguish …from… (between A and B)eg. At what age are children able to distinguish between right and wrong?Sometimes it is hard to distinguish reality from fantasy.173. divide…intoeg. Sentences can be divided into meaningful segments.174. do harm to/ do good toeg. The court case will do serious harm to my business.I am sure a few days off will do good to you.175. do nothing but doeg. I could do nothing but stand.176. draw/form/reach/make a conclusioneg. It took the jury some time to reach the conclusion that she was guilty.We can safely draw some conclusions from our discussion.177. draw/attract one’s attentioneg. Her shouts drew the attention of the police.I feared that my arrival might draw the **e attention of officials.178. drive sb mad/crazyeg. Going on holiday with these horrible kids will drive me mad.179. drop in on sb/at some placeeg. I thought I would drop in on you while I was passing.The manager dropped in unannounced at the office several times a week. 180. due toeg. The team’s success was largely due to her efforts.Most of problems are due to human error.181. end up witheg. The negotiation ended up with meaningless argument.182. enter for/sign up foreg. Only four British players have entered for the championship.He signed up for the evening classes.183. entertain sb with sth.eg. He entertained us for hours with his stories and jokes.The child was entertaining himself with his building blocks.He entertained me to lunch.184. equip sb. with sth.eg. He is equipped with a deep sense of justice.The trains are equipped with early warning systems.185. escape fromeg. He escaped from prison this morning.She managed to escape from the burning car.She was lucky to escape punishment.The pilot escaped death by seconds.He narrowly escaped being killed.186. ever sinceeg. Even since then you’ve treated me like a doormat.187. exchange A for Beg. You can exchange your currency for dollars in the hotel.188. face up toeg. She had to face up to the fact that she would never walk again. 189. fall in love witheg. They fell in love with each other at first sight.190. fall offeg. The handle fell off the drawer.Attendance at my lectures has fallen off considerably.191. fall oneg. My birthday falls on a Monday this year.My eye fell on a curious object.The full cost of the wedding fell on us.192. far from enougheg. The food for the outing is far from enough.193. fight againsteg. My grandfather fought against the Fascists in Spain.194. figure outeg. I can’t figure out how to do this.Have you figured out how much the trip will cost?195. fill…witheg. Please fill the bucket with water.196. find an excuseeg. He has found the perfect excuse for retiring early.She found one excuse after another to postpone going to the doctor. 197. find fault witheg. They found fault with everything I said.The poor child was always being found fault with.198. fit in witheg. Do these plans fit in with your arrangements?199. focus(one’s attention) oneg. Our chief attention should be focused on economic recovery.200. follow one’s exampleeg. He published a written report, and invited others to follow his example. 201. food for thoughteg. The accident gave drivers food for thought.202. for freeeg. I got the dictionary for free.I said I’d work for free.203. for the sake ofeg. She did it for the sake of peace in the family.204. forgive sb foreg. Please forgive me for interrupting, but I really don’t agree with that. 205. form the habit ofeg. He has formed the habit of checking e-mails as soon as he gets back home. 206. free of chargeeg. They will be very happy to give their services free of charge.207. from the bottom of on e’s hearteg. I wish you every possible happiness from the bottom of my heart.208. get acrosseg. Your meaning didn’t really get across.He’s not very good at getting his ideas across.209. get down toeg. Let’s get down to business.It is time I got down to thinking about that essay.210. get in the wayeg. He wouldn’t allow emotions to get in the way of him doing his job.211. get losteg. If you get lost, just ask your friendly neighborhood policeman for directions. 212. get overeg. He did not get over his homesickness for some time.213. get through witheg. When you get through with your work, let’s go out.214. give… a lifteg. He gave her a lift back to London that night.215. give awayeg. I couldn’t decide whether to keep the money he left me or give it away.I didn’t feel like giving away more information than I had to.216. give ineg. We mustn’t give in to threats.You are required to give in your work before Monday.217. give offeg. The fire gave off tremendous heat.218. give outeg. He gave out drinks to his guests.219. give rise toeg. The hope is that stimulation will give rise to new ideas.220. give way toeg. Give way to **ing from the right.Her look of joy gave way to one of misery.The old world was giving way to a new one.221. glance ateg. He glanced lovingly at his bride-to-be.222. go aftereg. We are both going after the same job.223. go in foreg. I am thinking of going for teaching.She’s going for the College Entrance Exam.224. go round/aroundeg. There aren’t enough chairs to go around.There is a rumor going around that they are having an affair.225. go througheg She went through **pany’s acco unts, looking for evidence of fraud.Teenagers will all go through this stage.226. go witheg. Does the jacket go with the skirt?Disease often go with poverty.227. graduate fromeg. She graduated from Harvard this year.228. hand outeg. Could you hand these books out, pleas?229. hang oneg. Hang on---I will just see if Jack is here.If they can hang on, things will get better.Hang on tight!230. have a gift/talent/genius foreg. She has a great gift for music.231. have a good/poor/high/low opinion ofeg. The boss has a very high opinion of her.232. have a **mand ofeg. Applicants will be expected to have a **mand of English.233. have a look ateg. Have a look at this picture.234. have a passion foreg. The English have a passion for gardens.235. have a word with sb.eg. Could I have a quick word with you?236. have access toeg. Students must have access to good resources.You need a password to get access to **puter system.Journalists were denied access to President.Many divorced fathers only have access to their children at weekends. 237. have an effect oneg. Modern farming methods can have an adverse effect on the environment. 238. have/lose faith/confidence ineg. We have faith in the government’s promise.239. have influence oneg. The climate has a strong influence on agricultural production.240. have no choice but to doeg. He had no choice but to leave.241. have/ show respect foreg. I have the greatest respect for your brother.242. have trouble witheg. We have never had much trouble with funds.243. head foreg. She headed for the door.They look as if they are heading for divorce.244. hold a firm belief in sth.eg. We hold a firm belief in the guidance of the Party.245. hold backeg. The police were unable to hold back the crowd.Mixed ability classes to some extent hold back the better students.She could hardly hold back her anger/tears.246. hold oneg. They managed to hold on until help arrived.Hold on and don’t let go.He held onto the back of the chair to stop himself from falling.247. hold outeg. Doctors held out little hope of his recovering.Science may hold out prospect of feeding the hungry.He held out his hand for the briefcase.248. hold upeg. An accident is holding up traffic.He held up his hand to let his wife see him.249. in (the) presence /face ofeg. He was always saying the wrong thing in the presence of other people.She asked them not to discuss the matter in her presence/in the presence of her.She showed great courage in the face of danger.She was unable to deny the new charges in the face of new evidence.250. in a loud voiceeg. He spoke in a deep/soft/loud voice.251. in a wayeg. In a way it was one of our biggest mistake.252. in a wordeg. ---Would you like to help us?---- In a word, no.253. in addition toeg. In addition to these arrangements, extra ambulances will be on duty until midnight. 254. in advance (of)eg. It is cheaper if you book the tickets in advance.We booked our seats well in advance of the date we wanted to travel.255. in alleg. There were twelve of us in all for dinner.256. in any caseeg. There is no point in complaining now, for we are leaving in any case. 257. in briefeg. In brief, the meeting was a disaster.258. in case ofeg. Ring the alarm bell in case of fire.259. in common witheg. The two cultures have a lot in common ( with each other).260. in danger ofeg. How many factory workers are in danger of losing their jobs? 261. in detaileg. The issue will be discussed in more detail in the next chapter. 262. in good/bad/excellent conditioneg. The used car is in perfect condition.263. in honor ofeg. A banquet was held in honor of her/in her honor.264. in lineeg. You have to wait in line.Incomes increase in line with rising prices.265. in low/high spiritseg. My health is good and my spirits are high.They were not at all depressed, but in high spirits.266. in memory ofeg. He founded the charity in memory of his late wife.267. in no caseeg. In no case must force be resorted to.268. in no timeeg. The kids will be leaving home in no time.269. in no wayeg. She in no way resembles her mother.Her salary in no way matched her fame.270. in ordereg. Everything is in order and we can start.271. in other wordseg. They asked him to leave. In other words, he was fired.272. in particulareg. She loves science fiction in particular.Is there anything in particular you would like for dinner?273. in poor/bad/ill healtheg. He had cancer, but they pretended he was in perfect health. 274. in privateeg. Is there somewhere we can discuss this in private?eg. She doesn’t like to be seen in public with her make-up on.276. in realityeg. Outwardly she seemed confident but in reality she felt extremely nervous.277, in search ofeg. She went into the kitchen in search of a drink.278. in shorteg. In short, I wounded their self-esteem.279. in spite ofeg. They went swimming in spite of all the danger signs.280. in terms ofeg. The job is great in terms of salary.The decision was disastrous in political terms.281. in the course ofeg. He has seen many changes in the course of his life.282. in the form ofeg. Help in the form of money will be very welcome.283, in the meantimeeg. My first novel was rejected by six publishers. In the meantime, I had written a play. 284. in useeg. The church was built in the 12th century and is still in use today.285. inform…of…eg. Please inform us of any changes of address.286. insist oneg. She insisted on/upon his/him wearing a suit.They insisted on being given every detail of the case.287. intend to do sth.eg. I fully intend to pay for the damage.The writer clearly intends his readers to identify with the main character.288. judge fromeg. To judge from what he said, he was very disappointed.289. keep…at a distanceeg. They were careful to keep the official party at a distance.They were careful to keep their distance from the official party.290. keep…doingeg. I am sorry to keep you waiting.291. keep…in mindeg. I will keep your words in mind for future reference.292. keep an eye oneg. We have asked the neighbours to keep an eye on the house for us while we are away. 293. keep in contact witheg. Have you kept in contact with any of your friends from college?294. keep offeg. They lit a fire to keep off wild animals. / Keep your hands off me.。
新编英语教程4练习册句子翻译
新编英语教程4练习册句子翻译Unite21.这个看上去饱经风霜的渔夫伸出他那由于劳动而布满老茧的双手，开始讲述他海上生活的艰难历程。
2.小女孩显然受伤不轻。
她哭了好几个小时，现在仍在呻吟。
3.当诺贝尔奖得主由主席陪同走上讲台时，整个大厅顿时爆发出一阵欢呼声和鼓掌声。
4.舞会进行到高潮时，舞厅里一篇乐曲和歌声。
5.不知是何原因，许多大学生又表现出对中国传统戏剧如京剧和越剧的浓厚兴趣。
6.由于人们成群结队地涌向街头去观看一年一度的节日庆典游行，市中心的交通一度被中断了。
7.当这个小伙子看到心碎的父母亲时，他为自己给家庭带来这么多的麻烦而深感羞愧，他跪在他们的面前乞求宽恕。
8.看到久别了的儿子下了船，老人激动不已，可出乎意料的是，小伙子却视而不见，转身走了。
9.这两个邻国结束了长达十年的战争，签署了和约。
自那时起，两国的经济交往和双边贸易得到迅猛发展。
10.当这位诺贝尔物理学奖获得者出现在师生面前时，全场一片欢腾。
他的演讲不时被震耳欲聋的掌声打断。
Unit31.除非你在阅读过程中积极思考，否则是不大可能理解逻辑学的文章的。
2.依作者所见，阅读一本好书的最有效方法之一是在阅读动手评注。
3.他全神贯注地投入在一项克隆（cloning）实验工作上，根本没有察觉到我进入实验室。
4.我不认为幸福在于获取自己所需，我认为幸福在于为社会尽责任。
5.气压，氧气和温度是宇航员在月球上赖以生存的基本条件。
6.从某种意义上说，研究生也属科研人员。
7.他宁愿把所观察到的东西，无论大事小事，都用笔记下来，也不愿用脑记，因为他相信这么一句话：“好记性不如烂笔头。
”8.学生原本指望他会解释锐利观察和逻辑思维为何是科学研究必不可缺的品质，但是他的一番话不仅没有使人明白，倒反而使人更糊涂了。
9.根据他所提出的外语学习理论，一个人在精神松弛的状态下学习英语要比在精神集中的状态下学习英语更有效。
10.计划和列提纲只是写作的前奏曲，一篇论文在撰写还需要经过初稿、修改、编审等环节。
标准课堂用语翻译
1．上课（Beginning a class）（1）Let’s start now．／Let’s begin our class／lesson．（2）Stand up，please．（3）Sit down，Pease．2．问候（Greeting）（4）Hello，boys and girls／children．（5）Good morning，class／everyone／everybody／children／boys and girls．（6）Good afternoon，class／everyone／everybody／children／boys and girls．（7）How are you today？3．考勤（Checking attendance）（8）Who’s on duty today？／Who’s helping this morning／today？（9）Is everyone／everybody here／present？（10）Is anyone away？／Is anybody away？（11）Is anyone absent？／Is anybody absent？（12）Who’s absent？／Who’s away？（13）Where is he／she？（14）Try to be on time．／Don’t be late next time．（15）Go back to your seat，please．（16）What day is it today？（17）What’s the date today？（18）What’s the weather like today？（19）What’s it like outside？4．宣布（Announcing）（20）Let’s start working．／Let’s begin／start a new lesson．／Let’s begin／start ourlesson．（21）First，let’s review／do some review．（22）What did we learn In the last lesson？（23）Who can tell／remember what we did In the last lesson／yesterday？（24）Now we’re going to do something new／different．／Now let’s learn something new．（25）We have some now words／sentences．5．提起注意（Directing attention）（26）Ready？／Are you ready？（27）Did you get there？／Do you understand？（28）Is that clear？（29）Any volunteers？30）Do you know what to do？（31）Be quiet，please．／Quiet，please．（32）Listen，please．（33）Listen carefully，please．（34）Listen to the tape recorder／the recording．（35）Look carefully，please．（36）Look over here．（37）Watch carefully．（38）Are your watching？（39）Please look at the black-board／picture／map…（40）Pay attention to your spelling／pronunciation．6．课堂活动（Classroom activities）（41）Start！／Start now．（42）Everybody together．／All together．（43）Practise in a group．／Practise In groups／In groups，please．（44）Get into groups of three／four…（45）Every body find a partner／friend．46）In pairs，please．（47）One at a time．／Let’s do It one by one．（48）Now you，please．／Your turn（Students name）．（49）Next，please．Now you do the same，please．（50）Let’s act．／Let’s act out／do the dialogue．（51）Who wants to be A？（52）Practise the dialogue，please．（53）Now Tom will be A，and the other half will be B．（54）Please take（play）the part of…（55）Whose turn is It？（56）It’s your turn. （57）Wait your turn，please．（58）Stand inline．／Line up．（59）One by one．／One at a time，please．（60）In twos．／In pairs．（61）Don’t speak out．（62）Turn around．7．请求（Request）（63）Could you please try It again？（64）Could you please try the next one？（65）Will you please help me？8．鼓励（Encouraging）（66）Can you try？（67）Try，please．（68）Try your best．／Do your best．（69）Think it over and try again．（70）Don’t be afraid／shy．9．指令（Issuing a command）（7）Say／Read after me，please．（72）Follow me，please．（73）Do what do．（7）Repeat，please．／Repeat after me．（75）Once more，please．／One more time，please．（7）Come here，please．（77）Please come to the front．／Come up and write on the blackboard／chalkboard．（78）Come and write It on the blackboard．（79）Please go back to your seat．（80）In English，please．（81）Put your hand up，please．Raise your hand，please．（82）Put your hands down，please．／Hands down，please．（83）Say it／Write it in Chinese／English．（84）Please take out your books．（85）Please open your books at page…／Find page…／Turn to Page…（86）Please answer the question／questions．／Please answer my qllllst1On（s）．（87）Please read this letter／word／sentence out loud．／Please readout this letter／word／sentence．（88）Please stop now．／Stop now，please．／Stop here，please．（89）Clean up your desk／the classroom，please．（90）It’s clean－up time．／Tidy up your desk／the classroom．（91）Put your things away．／Clean off your desk．／Pick up the scraps·（92）Clean the blackboard．（93）Plug in the tape－recorder，please．（94）Put the tape－recorder away．（95）Put the tap，In it’s box／cassette．（96）Listen and repeat．（97）Look and listen．（98）Repeat after me．（99）Follow the words．（100）Fast．／Quickly！／Be quick，please．（101）Hurry！／Hurry up，please．（102）Slow down，please．（10）Slowly．（104）Bring me some chalk，please．10．禁止和警告（Prohibition and warning）（105）Stop talking．／Stop talking now，please．（106）Don’t talk．／Everybody quiet，please．（107）Don’t be silly．（108）Settle down．11．评价（109）Good，thank you．（10）Good／Very good．／God job．／Good work．／Good example．（111）A good answer．／Nice work．（112）Excellent．／Great！／Well done．／Very good．／I like the way you（13）That’s Interesting（114）Don’t worry about It．／No problem．（115）OK！／That’s OK．（116）I don’t think so．（117）That’s not quite right，any other answers？／That’s close／That’s almost right．（118）Not quite，can anyone help him／her？／try again．（119）A good try．12．布置作业（Setting homework）（120）For today’s homework…（121）Practise after class．／Practise at home．（122）Say it out loud，before you write It down．（123）Copy／Print／Write each word twice．（124）Remember（Memorize）these words／sentences．（125）Learn these words／these sentences／this text by heart．（126）Do your homework．／Do the next lesson．／Do the new work．13．下课（Dismissing the class）（127）Hand in your workbooks，please．（128）Time is up．（129）The bell is ringing．（130）There’s the bell．（131）There goes the bell．（132）Let’s stop here．（133）That’s all for today．（134）Class is over．（135）Good bye．／Bye．／See you next time．。
专教育英语课程教学基本要求-词汇表
注：红色为A级词汇，黑色为B级词汇，入学要求的1000词未列入。
请老师们在编写过程中最好是将拿不准难度的词汇在本文档中查询确认一下。
Aabandon v. 放弃ability n. 1.能力2.能耐，本领aboard ad./prep. 在船（或飞机、车）上，上船(或飞机、车)abroad ad. 到国外，在国外absent a 缺席,不在absolute a. 绝对的，完全的absorb v. 1.吸收2.吸引……的注意，使全神贯注abstract a. 抽象的n.摘要，梗概aboundant a.丰富的,充裕的accent n.口音,腔调access n. 1.接近，进入2.通道have access to 有……的机会，有……权利accident n. 1.意外的事，偶然的事2.事故by~ 偶然accommodation n.膳宿，住宿accompany v. 1.陪伴,陪同2.伴随，和……一起发生3.为……伴奏accomplish v.完成，实现according ad.(to)按照，根据account n. 1.叙述，说明2.账，账户v.(for)说明on~of 因为，由于take into~把……考虑进去accumulate v.积累，积聚accurate a准确的，精确的accuse v. 1.责备2.指控~…of 指控…，控告…accustomed a.(to)习惯的,惯常的ache v./n.痛，疼痛achieve v.1.完成，实现2.达到，得到achievement n.成就,成绩acknowledge v.1.承认 2.致谢acquire v.取得，获得，学到act v.1.行动,做2.起作用3.表演n.1.行为，动作2.法令，条例3.（一）幕action n.1.行动,行动过程2.(on)作用active a.1.活跃的,敏捷的，积极的2.在活动中的activity n.活动,活跃actor n.男演员actress n.女演员actual a.实际的，事实上的，真实的actually a.实际上adapt v.1.使适应，使适合2.改编，改写~to/adapt…to 适应add v.1.加，添加2.进一步说（或写）~to/~…to 为…增添，增加 ~up to 合计达addition n.1.加，加法2.附加物in~ 另外，加之in~to 除…之外（还）additional a.附加的，另外的adequate a.1.充足的，足够的 2.适当的，胜任的adjective n.形容词adjust v.1.调整,改变…以适应2.校正，调整~to/~…to 适应于admire v.钦佩，赞赏，羡慕admission n.1.准许进入2.承认，供认admit v.1.承认,供认2.准许…进入，准许…加入adopt v.1.收养 2.采取，采纳，采用adult n.成年人a.成年的，成熟的advance v.1.前进,向前移动2.取得进展n. 1.前进，进展2.预付，预支in~ 预先，事先advanced a.先进的，高级的advantage n.1.优点,优势2.利益，好处gain/have an ~ over 胜过，优于take ~ of 利用，趁…之机adventure n.1.冒险，冒险活动 2.奇遇advertise v.1.登广告2.宣扬advertisement/ad n.广告advise v.劝告，建议affair n.事情，事件affect v.1.影响2.（在感情方面）打动afford v.1.买得起，担负得起2.提供，给予Africa n.非洲African a.非洲的，非洲人的n.非洲人afterward ad. 后来，以后agency n.代理（处），代办（处）agenda n.1.会议事项2.议事日程agent n.代理人，代理商agreement n.1.同意，一致2.协定，协议agriculture n.农业ahead ad.在前，向前、提前~of 在…前，先于aid n.1.帮助，援助2.助手，辅助手段v.帮助，援助aim v.1.把…瞄准，把…对准2.致力，旨在n.1.瞄准，对准2.目标，目的~at 瞄准…，以…为目标aircraft n.飞机，飞行器airline n.1.航空公司 2.（飞机的）航线airport n.机场，航空港alarm n.1.惊恐2.报警器v.1.使惊恐2.向…报警alcohol n.酒精，乙醇alike n.同样的，相像的alive a.1.活着的2.有活力的，活跃的allow v.1.允许，准许2.允给allowance n.津贴，补助alphabet n.字母表alter v.改变，变更alternative n.1.选择之事物2.选择余地a.二者选择其一的altogether ad.1.完全，全部地2.总起来说，总之3.总共am/Am (缩)午前，上午amaze v.使大为惊奇，使惊愕ambassador n.大使ambition n.1.雄心，野心2.热望3.远大目标ambitious a.有雄心的，野心勃勃的amend v.修正，修订amount n.数量v.(to)合计，共计~to总计，等于amuse v.1.逗乐，逗笑2.给…提供娱乐analysis n.分析，分解analyze v.分析，分解ancestor n.1.祖先2.先驱者ancient a.古代的，古老的anger n.怒，愤怒v.使发怒，激怒anniversary n.1.周年2.周年纪念announce v.宣布，宣告annoy v.使恼怒，使烦恼annual a.每年的，年度的n.年刊，年鉴anticipate v.1.预期2.希望anxiety n.1.忧虑，焦虑 2.渴望，热望anxious a.1.焦虑的，发愁的2.渴望的，急切的(be)~about 为……而忧虑anyone pron.任何人anyway ad.不管怎么说，无论如何anywhere ad.任何地方，随便什么地方apart ad.1.相间隔2.分离，分开～from 除…外apartment n.[美]公寓apologise/apologize v.(to,for)道歉，认错apology n.道歉，认错apparent a.1.表面上的2.显然的，明显的appeal n./v.(to) 1.恳请，呼吁2.吸引3.上诉appear v.1.出现，显露2.看起来好像，似乎appearance n.1.出现，露面2.外观，外貌appendix n.1.附录2.附属物appetite n.1.食欲，胃口2.欲望，爱好appetizing a.1.开胃的2.刺激欲望的applause v.1.鼓掌2.欢呼appliance n.1.电器用具2.装备applicant n.请求者，申请者application n.1.申请，申请表2.应用，实施apply v.1.申请，请求2.应用，运用3.适用于appoint v.1.任命，委派2.约定/指定（时间、地点）appointment n.约定/指定（时间、地点）appreciate v.1.重视，欣赏2.领会，充分意识到3.为…表示感激approach v.靠近，接近n.1.接近2.途径，入门3.方式，方法appropriate a.适当的，恰当的approval n.1.赞成，同意2.认可，批准approve n.1. .赞成，同意2.批准，核准arbitration n.仲裁，公断area n.1.面积2.地区，地哉3.领域，范围argue v.争论，争辩argument n.1.争论，争辩2.理由，论据arise v.1.出现，发生2.由…引起，起源于arouse v.1.引起，激起，唤起2.唤醒arrange v.1.安排，筹划2.整理，排列，布置arrest v./n.逮捕，拘留arrival n.到达，到来arrow n.1.箭2.箭头符号art n.1.美术，艺术2.技术，技艺3.[pl.]人文科学article n.1.文章，论文2.条款，条文3.件4.冠词artificial a.1.人工的，人造的，人为的2.假的，矫揉造作的artist n.艺术家，美术家ash n.灰，灰烬Asia n.亚洲Asian a.亚洲的，亚洲人的n.亚洲人aside ad.在旁边，到（或向）一边～from…暂且不谈，除…之外asleep a.睡着的aspect n.方面assess v.对……进行评估，评价assign v.1.(to)指派，选派2.分配，布置（作业）3.指定（时间、地点等）assignment n.1.（分派的）任务2.分配，指派assist v.帮助，协助assistant n.1.助手，助理2.助教a.助理的，辅助的，副的associate v.1.把……联系在一起，使结合在一起 2.交往n.伙伴，合伙人a.副的～with/~…with 把联系在一起，与…交往association n.1.协会，社团2.联合，结合，交往3.联想assume v.1.假定，假设2.承担assure v.1.说服，使……相信2.向保证astonish v.使惊讶athlete n.运动员Atlantic a.大西洋的n.[the~]大西洋atmosphere n.1.大气，大气层2.气氛attach v.1.系，贴，装，连接2.使成为一部分，使附属3.使依恋attack v.攻击，进攻n.1.攻击，进攻2.（疾病的）突然发作attempt v./n.企图，试图attend v.1.出席，参加2.照料，护理3.(to)专心于，致力于attendant n.服务员a.伴随的，陪同的attention n.注意，留心pay~to 注意attitude n.1.态度，看法2.姿势attract v.吸引，引起……的注意attractive a.有吸引力的，引起注意的audience n.听众，观众，读者Australia n.澳大利亚，澳洲Australian a.1.澳大利亚（人）的2.澳洲的n.澳大利亚人author n.作者authority n.1.[pl.]官方，发局2.当权者 3.权力，权威authorize v.授权，委任auto a.汽车automatic a.自动的automobile/auto n.汽车available a.1.可利用的，可获得的2.可取得联系的avenue n.林荫道，大街average n.平均数，平均a.1.平均的2.平常的，通常的v.平均on(the/an) ~平均，通常avoid v.避免，避开await v.（人）等候，期待，（事件等）等待（处理）awake a.醒着的v.唤醒，使觉醒award n.奖，奖品，奖状v.授予，给予aware a.意识到的，知道的(be)~ of 察觉到awful a.1.令人敬畏的，可怕的2.极度的，极坏的awkward a.1.粗笨的，笨拙的2.尴尬的，棘手的Bbachelor n.1.单身汉 2.学士background n.背景backward ad.向后，朝反方向a.1.向后的，倒的2.落后的badly ad. 1.坏，差，拙劣地2.严重地，厉害地3.非常baggage n.行李balance v. 1.使平衡2.称（重量）n. 1.平衡,称2.平衡，均衡3.结存，结欠keep one’s~ 保持平衡banquet n.宴会，酒会bar n.1. 酒吧间2.条，块，杆v.阻止，拦阻bare a. 1.赤裸的，不穿衣服的，不戴帽的 2.光秃秃的，无遮盖的3.仅仅的，勉强的v.露出，暴露bargain n.1.交易2.特价商品v.讨价还价barrier n. 1.栅栏，屏障2.障碍，障碍物base n. 1.基，底2.基础v. (on)把…建立在…基础上basic a.基本的，基础的basin n. 1.盆，脸盆 2.盆地basis n.基础，根据on the ~ of 根据bathe v. 1.[美]给…洗澡 2.游泳battery n.电池（组）battle n.战役，战斗，斗争v.作战，搏斗bay n.1.(海或湖泊的) 湾 2.山脉的低凹处beach n.海滩，湖滩，河滩bear n.熊v.1.忍受，容忍2.负担，承担3.结（果实），生（孩子）～…in mind 记住（某事）～on/upon 压迫;依靠；与……有关beast n.兽，野兽，牲畜beauty n.1.美，美丽 2.美人，美的东西bee n.蜜蜂beef n.牛肉beer n.啤酒beg v. 1.乞讨,乞求2.恳求，请求behalf n.利益on ~ of 代表，为了b ehave v. 1.举止，表现2.（机器等）运转behavior(u)r n. 1.行为，举止 2.（机器等）运转情况being n. 1.存在,生存 2.生物，人belief n.1.相信 2.信念，信仰belt n.带，腰带，皮带bench n.长凳，长椅bend n.弯曲，弯曲处v.使弯曲beneath prep.在…下面，在…底下ad.在下方，在底下benefit n.益处，好处v.有益于，得益berth n.卧铺besides ad.而且，此外prep.除…之外（还）bet v.打赌，以…打赌，与…打赌n.1.打赌 2.赌金，赌注beyond prep. 1.在…的外边，远于2.超出ad.在更远处Bible n.圣经bid n./v出价，投标bill n.1.账单2.法案billion num.1.[美，法]十亿（的）2.[英、德]万亿（的）bind v.捆绑，捆扎biology n.生物学bite n./v咬，叮bitter a.1.痛苦的 2.有苦味的blame v.1.指责，责备，责怪2.(on,onto)归咎于，把……归咎于n.1.（过错、事故等的）责任2.指责，责备be to~ 应受谴责，应负责任blank a.1.空白的，空着的2.茫然的，无表情的n.1.空白2.空白表格，空白处blend v.混合n.混合物，掺和物blind a.1.瞎的，失明的2.盲目的v.使失明block n.1.街区，街段 2.大块（木料或石料、金属、冰）3.障碍物，阻塞物v.堵塞，阻塞blood n.1.血，血液 2.血统，门第blouse n .（妇女穿的）短上衣;女衬衫blow v.1.吹，吹动 2.吹气，充气3.吹响4.爆炸n.一击，打击,捶打~ up 炸毁…；充气board n. 1.板，木板,纸板2.委员会，董事会3.（指包饭的）伙食v.上（船、车、飞机）上on ~ 在船（车、飞机）上boil v.沸腾，煮沸bold a. 1.勇敢的,无畏的2.冒失的3.粗体的，黑体的bomb n.炸弹v.轰炸，投弹bond n..1.联结，联系2.公债，债劵bone n.骨，骨骼bonus n.奖金，额外酬金border n.1.边，边缘，界线 2.边界，边境v.与…接壤;毗邻bore v. 1.使厌烦，使厌倦2.钻（孔），凿（井），挖（通道）n.令人讨厌的（或事）bother v. 1.打扰，麻烦 2.担心，烦恼n.烦恼bottom n.底，底部bound a.1.一定的，必然的 2.受约束的，有义务的3.(for,to)开往（或驶往）……的v.跳跃，弹回be ~ to 必定；一定boundary n. 1.分界线 2.边界bowl n.碗，钵brain n.1. 脑，[pl]脑髓，脑浆 2.头脑，智力，[常作pl.]智慧branch n.1.树枝，分枝 2.（机构的）分部，分号3.（学科的）分科，分支brand n.商标，（商品的）牌子v.1.打烙印于，以烙铁打（标记）2.把……铭刻，铭刻于breath n.气息，呼吸catch one’s ~ 1.踹气2.（因紧张、激动等）屏息out of ~ 喘不过气来，上气不接下气breathe v.呼吸brick n.砖brief a.简短的v.向…作简要的介绍in ~简言之，简单地说brilliant a. 1.光辉的，灿烂的 2.桌越的，杰出的Britain n.不列颠，英国British a.不列颠（人）的，英国（人）的n. [the ~]英国人broad a. 1.宽的，阔的，广阔的 2.广泛的broadcast n./v.广播，播放brochure n.小册子broker n.经纪人broom n.扫把brush n.1. 刷子，毛刷2.画笔v.刷，写，画，掸，拂，擦budget n.预算（表）v. 编列预算bulletin n.公告，告示burden n.负担bureau n.局burst n./v.爆炸，爆裂~ into tears 突然哭起来bury v.埋葬，掩埋business n.1.商业，生意 2.事务on ~因公，因事butter n.黄油，奶油v.涂黄油于…上button n.纽扣，按纽v.扣上，扣紧Ccable n.1.索，缆2.电缆3.电报v.发电报cafe n.咖啡馆calculate v.1.计算，核算2.计划，打算calendar n.日历，月历calm a.1.平静的，无风的2.镇静的，镇定的v.使平静，使镇定camera n.照相机，录音机camp n.野营，营地，帐篷v.设营，宿营campaign n.战役，运动campus n.校园canadian n.1.加拿大的2.加拿大人的n.加拿大人canal n.运河,沟渠cancel n.1.取消,撤消2.删去，划掉cancer n.癌candidate n.1.候选人，候补者2.投考者，申请求职者cap n.1.帽子，便帽2.帽状物，盖，套，罩capable a.有能力的,有才能的~ of 1.有……的能力（或技能）的2.能……的，可……的capacity n.1.容量，容积2.能力capital n.1资本，资金2.大写字母a.主要的，基本的captain n.1.上尉，队长2.船长,舰长capture v./n. 捕获，俘获carbon n.碳career n.生涯，职业careless a.粗心的，疏忽的cargo n.船货，货物carpet n.地毯cart n.大车，手推车cartoon n.1.卡通 2.草图case n.1.情况2.病例3.案件4.箱，盒in any ~ 无论如何，不管怎样in ~如果，万一in ~ of 假如，如果发生;预备in no ~无论如何不，决不cash n.钱，现款cashier n.出纳员cassette n.盒式录音带cast v.1.投,扔，抛2.浇铸，铸造casual n.1.随便的，非正式的2.偶然的，碰巧的catalogue n.目录，目录簿（册）v.1.将……编入目录2.将（书籍、资料等）编目分类cattle n.牛cause n.1.原因，起因，理由2.事业，（奋斗的）目标v.使产生，引起cave n. 洞穴，山洞CD/Compact Disc n.光盘cease v./n.停止,终止ceiling n.1.天花板2.上限celebrate v.庆祝cell n.1.细胞 2.小房间3.电池cent n.分，分币centigrade a.1.百分度的2.摄氏的n.摄氏（温度计量）centimeter/centimeter n.厘米central a.1.中央的,中心的2.主要的，起支配作用的century n.世纪,百年ceremony n.1.典礼,仪式2.礼节，礼仪certificate n.证（明）书，执照chain n.1.链,链条 2.一连串，连锁v.用链条拴住chairman n.主席,议长，会长challenge n.挑战,困难v.向……挑战champagne n.香槟酒champion n.冠军channel n.1.海峡，水道，航道2.渠道3.频道chapter n.章,回，篇character n.1.性格，品质2.特性，特征3.人物，角色4.（书写或印刷）符号，（汉）字符characteristic a.特有的，典型的n.特性，特征charge v.1.索价，要……支付2.控告，指控3.充电n.1.价钱，收费2控告，指控3.电荷，充电free of ~免费in ~ of 负责，主管take ~ 掌管，负责chart n.图, 图表chase v./n.追逐chat v.1. 闲谈 2.畅谈cheat v.欺骗,骗取，作弊n.1.欺骗，欺诈行为2.骗子check v.1.检查,核对2.制止n.1.检查，复核2.支票~ in 办理登记手续~ out 结账离去，办妥手续离去cheer v.1.使振奋，使高兴2.欢呼，喝彩n.1.振奋，欢呼，喝彩2.[pl.]干杯~ up 高兴起来，振作起来cheerful a.愉快的，高兴的cheese n.乳酪，干酪chemical a.化学的n.化学制品chemist n.药剂师chemistry n.化学cheque n.支票chest n.1.胸,胸腔2.柜子，橱chief n.领袖,首领a.主要的，首要的childhood n.童年，幼年chocolate n.巧克力Christian n.基督教徒a.基督教的christmas n.圣诞节church n.1.教堂2.[C-]教会cigaret(te) n.香烟circle n.1.圆，圆周2.圈子，阶层v.环绕，旋转circumstance n.1.环境,条件，情况2.[pl.]境遇，状况circuit n.1.电路线路2.环行，巡回citizen n.1.公民2.市民，城镇居民civilization/civilization n.文明，文化claim v.1.宣称2.对…提出要求，索取n.1.宣称2.索赔clarify v.澄清,阐明classic n.[pl.]杰作，名著a.模范的，一流的classical a.古典的，经典的classify v.把……分类，把……分级clause n.条款clerk n.职员client n.1.委托人2.顾客climate n.气候clockwise a.顺时针方向的ad.顺时针方向地cloth n.1.布，织物，衣料2.（一块）抺布clothe v.给……穿衣服，给……提供衣服cloudy a.1.多云的，模糊的club n.1.俱乐部，夜总会2.棍棒，球棒coach n..1.长途公共汽车2.（铁路）旅客车厢3.教练v.训练，指导coal n.煤，煤块coarse a1. 粗的，粗糙的2.粗劣的3.粗俗的coast n.海岸，海滨code n.1.准则，法规2.密码，电码，代码coin n.硬币，钱币v.铸币coke n.1.可口可乐2.焦炭collar n.1.衣领，领子2.（狗等的）项圈colleague n.同事，同僚collection n.1.收集，采集2.收藏品collective a.集本的，共同的n.团体，集体column n.1.柱，圆柱;柱形物2.栏，（报刑中的）专栏comb n.梳子v.梳理combination n.1.结合，联合2.化合，化合物combine v.结合，联合，化合comfort n.安慰，舒适v.安慰，慰问，使舒适comfortable a.舒适的，舒服的，舒坦的command v./n. 命令，指挥n.掌握，运用能力comment n./v.注解，评论commerce n.商业，贸易commercial a.商业的，商务的n.电视广告commission n.1.授权，委托2.佣金，回扣3.委员会commit v.犯（罪），干（坏事）(be ) ~ted to 承诺，交付committee n,委员会commodity n商品common a.1.平常的，普通的2.共同的in ~共用的，共有的communicate v.1.传达，传送2.交流，通讯，交际communication n.1.传达，通讯，交流2.[pl.]通讯系统，交通（工具）community n.社区，社会commute v.1.每天往返上下班2.定期往返3.变换compact a.1.紧密的2.坚定的3.简洁的companion n.同伴，伴侣company n.1.公司，商号2.同伴，陪伴comparable a.可与……相比的，敌得上……的compare v.比较，对照~…to…把……比作……~ with 与……比较，与……相媲美compatible a.1.相容的2.谐调的3.一致的compensate v.1.赔偿2.报酬3.抵补~ for 弥补，补偿compete v.竞争，比赛competent a.有能力的，胜任的competiton n.竞争，比赛competitive a.竞争的complain v.1.抱怨，发牢骚2.投拆complaint n.1.抱怨，诉苦，怨言2.控告，控诉complete a.完整的，完全的，圆满的v.完成，使完整complex a.1.综合的2.复杂的n.综合体complicated a.复杂的，难懂的component n.(组)成（部）分，部件，元件compose v.1.组成，构成2.创作（音乐、文学作品），为……谱曲composition n.1.构成，组成，成份2.作文，作品，乐曲3.写作，作曲compound a.复合的，化合的n.化合物，复合物comprehension n.理解（力）comprise v.1.包含，包括，由……组成2.构成，形成compromise n,妥协，折中办法concentrate v.1.集中，专心2.集合，聚集3.浓缩concept n.概念，观念，思想concern n.1.关心，挂念2.关系，关联v.1.涉及，有关2.关心，挂念as/so far as…be ~ed 就……而言(be)~ed about 关心，操心(be)~ed with 有关，涉及concerning prep.关于concert n.音乐会，演奏会conclude .v.1.推断出，推论出2.作出（最后）决定3.结束，终止conclusion n.1.结论，推论2.结束，终结condition n.1.状况，状态2.[pl.]环境3.条件on ~ that 如果conduct n.举止，行为v.1.处理，管理2.指挥3.传导，传（热、电）conductor n.1.（汽、电车上的）售票员；（火车上的）列车员2.（乐队、合唱队）指挥3.（电）导体conference n.（正式）会议confess v.坦白，供认，承认confidence n.信任，信心，自信confident a.确信的，自信的confidential a.秘密的，不公开的confine v.限制，使局限~ to 限定；把……禁闭confirm v.1.证实，肯定2.进一步确定3.批准，确认conflict n./v.冲突，抵触，战斗conform v.1.(to)与……一致，符合confront v.1.面对2.遭遇3.对抗confuse v.使混乱，混淆congratulate v.祝贺，向……道喜congress n.1.代表大会2.国会，议会connect v.连接，连结，联系~ to 连接，相连~ with 与……相连conscious a.1.(of) 有意识的，自觉的2.神志清醒的consequence n.结果，后果in ~ 因此，结果consequently ad.所以，因此conservative a.保守的人，守旧的，传统的n.保守的人，反对进步的人conserve v.保持considerable a.1.相当大的2.值得考虑的considerate a.考虑周到的，体谅的consideration n.1.考虑2.要考虑的事consist v.1.(of)组成，构成2.(in)在于，存在于constant a.1.不断的，连续发生的2.始终如一的，恒定的3.忠实的，坚定的constraint n.1.强制2.拘束3.压迫感construction n.1.建筑，构筑2.建造物，建筑物consul n,领事consulate n,领事馆consult v.1.请教，向……咨询，找……商量2.查阅，查看consultant n.1.咨询者，求教者2.顾问，专家consume v.消耗，花费consumer n,消费者，用户consumption n,1.消耗量，消费量2,消耗，消费contact v./n.接触，联系，交往contain v.包含，容纳container n.1.容器2.集装箱content n.1.[pl.]内容，（书刊的）目录2.容量，含量a.满意的，甘愿的contest n.竞争，竞赛，比赛v.竞赛，比赛，争论context n.1.上下文2.某事之前后关系continent n.大陆，洲continual a.不停的，连续的continue v.延伸，继续，连续continuous a.连续不断的，不断延伸的contract n.合同v.1.订合同，订契约2.使缩小，使收缩contradict v.同……矛盾，同……抵触contrary a.相反的，对抗的n.相反，相反事物，对立面on the ~ 正相反contrast v.1.对比，对照2.形成对比n.对比，对照in ~ to 与……相比contribute v.1.(to)捐献，捐助，贡献2.投稿control v./n.1. 控制，支配2.克制，抑制out of ~ 失去控制under ~ 处于控制之下convenient a.方便的，省力的conversation n.谈话，会话convert v.转变，转化~ into 改变，把……改成；兑换~ to 转变成；使……改变conversion n.转变，转化，转换convey v.1.运送，输送，搬运2.传送，传达，表达convince v.使确信，使信服cooperate v.合作，协作，配合coordinate v.调节，协调cope v.(with)对付，应付copper n.铜copyright n.版权，著作权a.有版权的core n.1.果心2.核心，要点corn n.谷物，小麦，玉米corporation n.公司correspond v.1.(go,with)与……一致2.(to)相当，相类似correstpondence n.1.通信，函电2.相当correspondent n.1.通信者2.通讯记者3.有业务往来者corresponding a.1.相应的，相当的，对等的2.符合的，一致的，相同的corridor n.走廊，长廊，通道costly a.昂贵的，代价高的cotton n.1.棉，棉花2.棉线，绵纱could aux.v.1.can的过去2.[含有不确定或婉转、谦逊的意味]可以，能，可能council n,委员会，理事会counter n.1.柜台2.计数器v.反对，对抗ad.反方向地，对立地countryside n.农村，乡下couple n.1.夫妻2.一对，一双，偶v.连接，结合，偶合a ~ of 一对，几个courage n.勇气，胆识course n.1.课程，教程2.过程，进程3.(一)道（菜）in the ~ of 在……期间，在……过程中of ~当然，自然court n.1.法庭，法院2.球场3.院子courteous a.有礼貌的cousin n.堂（或表）兄弟，堂（或表）姐妹craft n.1.手艺，技艺2.船，航空器，航天器crash n./v.碰，撞，坠落，坠毁n.破裂声，撞击声crazy a.1.发疯的，荒唐的2.(about)狂热爱好的，迷的cream n.奶油，（含）奶油食品，奶油状物create v.1.创造，创作2.引起，产生creature n.生物，动物，人credit n.1.信用贷款2.信用，信誉3.荣誉，赞扬，功劳4.学分v.记入贷方crew n.全体船员，全体机组人员、一队（或一班、一组）工作人员crime n.罪，罪行，犯罪criminal n.罪犯，犯人a.犯罪的，刊事的crisis n.危机，危急关头，决定性时刻critical a.1.批评的，批判的2.决定性的，关键性的crucial a.1.极重要的2.严重的crude a .1. 简陋的，粗糙的2.天然的，未加工的3.粗鲁的，粗俗的cruel a.残酷的，残忍的crystal n.1.水晶，石英晶体2.晶粒a.清澈透明的，水晶制的，晶体的cube n.1.立方形，立方体2.立方，三次幂culture n.1.文化，文明2.教养，修养cupboard n.碗橱，小橱，柜cure v.1.治愈，治好2.消除，改正n.1.治愈，治疗，疗法2.药物curious a.好奇的currency n.1.通货，货币2.流通，通用current n.1.（空气、水等的）流，潮流，流速2.电流a.1.现时的，当前的2.通行的，流行的curse n./v.诅咒，咒骂cursor n.光标curtain n.窗帘，幕布curve n.曲线，弧线，弯曲v.（使）弯曲，（使）成曲线cushion n.垫子，坐垫custom n.1.习惯，风俗，惯例2.[pl.]海关，关税customer n.顾客，主顾cycle n.1.自行车，摩托车2.循环，周期v.1.骑自行车，骑摩托车2.循环，作循环运动Ddream n. 梦，梦想，幻想v. 做梦。
学科教学基本要求词组半句翻译练习1
上海市高中英语教学基本词组A (41个)1.The cost of his children's education is_________________his money. 他孩子的教育费用造成他极大的负担。
2.How do you _____________ his change of attitude?你怎样来解释他态度的变化？3.I don't think anyone can______________not being frank.我看谁也不能指责他不坦率。
4.We must appoint somebody to _____________secretary.我们得指定一个人担任秘书。
5.You should ___________________________________.你应该适应新环境。
Young animals _____________________ a new environment.幼小动物很快就适应新的环境。
6.This lesson _______________________________ the book.这一课增加了这本书的价值。
7.For a hit show, profits___________________ millions of dollars.一场热门演出的利润可达数百万美元。
8.My eyes _____________________ the dark yet.我的眼睛还没有适应黑暗。
Some animals _________________ their environment by instinct.有些动物会本能地适应环境。
9.He opened the door and ___________________the house.他把门打开让我进屋。
This ticket will______________________the show.这张票将允许一个成年人入场。
学科教学基本要求词组半句翻译练习1
上海市高中英语教学基本词组A (41个)1.The cost of his children's education is_________________his money. 他孩子的教育费用造成他极大的负担。
2.How do you _____________ his change of attitude?你怎样来解释他态度的变化？3.I don't think anyone can______________not being frank.我看谁也不能指责他不坦率。
4.We must appoint somebody to _____________secretary.我们得指定一个人担任秘书。
5.You should ___________________________________.你应该适应新环境。
Young animals _____________________ a new environment.幼小动物很快就适应新的环境。
6.This lesson _______________________________ the book.这一课增加了这本书的价值。
7.For a hit show, profits___________________ millions of dollars.一场热门演出的利润可达数百万美元。
8.My eyes _____________________ the dark yet.我的眼睛还没有适应黑暗。
Some animals _________________ their environment by instinct. 有些动物会本能地适应环境。
9.He opened the door and ___________________the house.他把门打开让我进屋。
This ticket will______________________the show.这张票将允许一个成年人入场。
学科教学基本要求词组半句翻译练习6
433.Her diligence ___________________ to the others.她的勤奋为其他人树立了榜样。
434.__________________, he sat on the floor.他把椅子搁到一旁, 坐在地板上。
435.It is suggested that_____________________.有人建议我们立刻出发。
436.The government ________________ make many needed reforms.政府开始进行许多必要的改革。
437.A monument _______________as a memorial to the dead soldiers.为阵亡将士立了一个纪念碑。
438.He should __________ and _______________.他应该买幢房子定居下来。
439. A plane crashed ____________ taking off, killing all 163______________.一架飞机在起飞后不久坠毁, 机上163人全部丧生。
440.A police put some chemicals on the piece of paper and a line of words ________________.一位警察在一张条上涂上化学药品, 一行字迹清晰地显现出来。
441.Where do I ______________that tour?我到哪里去报名参加那个旅行呢？442.We don't ___________ the children to __________.我们不允许孩子们熬夜。
443.Before turning, you should _____________ your car.转弯前，你得先减速。
444.____________________, we will succeed.我们迟早会成功。
学科教学基本要求表二词组及句子翻译(518个完整版)
英语学科教学基本要求（表二）词组共518个1. a great drain on sth 对……巨大的消耗The cost of his children's education is a great drain on his money.他孩子的教育费用造成他极大的负担。
2.account for 说明，解释How do you account for his change of attitude?你怎样来解释他态度的变化？3.accuse …of…指控……,谴责……I don't think anyone can accuse him of not being frank.我看谁也不能说他不坦率。
4.act as 担任；充当We must appoint sb to act as secretary我们得指定一个人当秘书。
5.adapt (…) to…使适应You should adapt yourself to the new environment.你应该适应新环境。
6.add up to 合计达The bills add up to exactly $100.这些帐单加起来正好一百元。
7.add to 增添This lesson adds to the value of the book.这一课增加了这本书的价值。
8.adjust (…) to (使)适应Some animals adjust themselves to their environment by instinct.有些动物会本能地适应环境。
9.admit … to/into 准许……进入He opened the door and admitted me into the house.他把门打开让我进屋。
This ticket will admit one adult to the show.这张票将允许一个成年人入场。
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235.Almost all __________________________ the speech given by MrGreen.几乎所有的人对格林先生的发言都给予了很高的评价。
236.Only in this way, __________________________ English.只有这样我们才能精通英语。
237.Could I ____________________________ the instructions myself? 我可以自己看一看说明书吗？238.Some people _________________________ chocolate.有些人十分喜好（酷爱）吃巧克力。
239.He came back to ______________________ me.他回来和我说几句话。
240.Students must ___________________to a good library.学生必须有机会使用好的图书馆。
241.Fathers __________________________ their children's personalities.父亲对孩子们的个性有巨大的影响。
242.He ___________________ his ability since he failed in the exam.自从考试不及格，他就对自己的能力丧失了信心。
243.News media _______________________ people's mind.新闻媒介对人的思想有很大的影响。
244.We shall have _________________________to the manager about it.我们除了向经理投诉这件事之外，别无选择。
245.You must ____________________________ the old people.你必须尊敬老年人。
246.I have _________________________ my roommate.我和我的舍友相处有困难。
247.We saw him ____________________, so we stepped aside.我们看见他正向我们走来, 就让到一边。
248.It is because of all these achievements that we________________________ the possibility of further progress.就是这些成绩让我们对将来的发展怀着坚定的信念。
249.No one can ________________ the wheel of history.没有人能够阻挡历史的车轮。
250.If he can just__________________ a little longer, we can get help to him.如果他能再坚持一会儿, 我们就能使他得到帮助了。
251.They __________________ the hand of friendship to me.他们向我伸出了友谊之手。
252.We__________________ finish the work before dark, but the heavy rain __________________.我们原计划在天黑以前干完这项工作, 可给大雨耽搁了。
I (39个)253.He is always cool __________________________ danger.他面对危险总是镇静自若。
254.He is so mild that I have never heard him speak ________________________.他总是很温和，以至于我从来没听过他大声说话。
255.________________, I'm glad you __________________ , for it will serve as a warning to you.在某种程度上说, 你犯那个错误我倒感到高兴, 因为它可以对你敲警钟。
256.___________________, I can't go out as _____________________________.总而言之, 我不能出去, 因为我有许多事情要做。
257.Dr. John emphasizes exercise _______________________ a change in diet.约翰医生强调除了要改变饮食之外还要锻炼身体。
258.Is it necessary to ________ the tickets ________________?有必要提前订票吗？259.There are fifteen books on the first shelf, twenty-one on the second, making thirty-six ___________.书架的第一层有15本书, 第二层有21本, 总共是36本。
260.All these rules must be observed __________________.无论如何，所有的条例都必须遵守。
261.____________, I'd like to tell the importance of the work ____________.首先, 我想简要谈谈这项工作的重要性。
262.Please let us know _____________ further requirement.万一有进一步的需求，请通知我们。
263.I have a lot _____________________ my sister.我和我姐姐有很多相同之处。
264.This river is _________________ being fished out.这条河里的鱼处于被捕光的危险中。
265.How it is done should be explained_________________.这件事如何做应该详细地解释一下。
266.I promise to return your bicycle __________________.我答应把你的自行车完好无损地归还你。
267.A banquet will be given _____________the visiting president.将为来访的总统举行一个宴会,以表示敬意。
268.What are those people standing ______________ for?那些人排队成一直线干什么？269.Mary has been ______________ ever since her mother died.玛丽自从母亲去世后情绪一直很低落。
270.He founded the charity ____________________ his late wife.他创办了那个慈善机构以纪念他已故的妻子。
271.__________________ should the temperature of the store room be over 20℃.储藏室的温度决不可高于20℃。
272.The boy ______________ the problem ______________.男孩立刻解决了那道算题。
273.She is ____________ to blame.决不能责怪她。
274.The names are arranged ____________.姓名按顺序排列。
275.____________, we are much luckier than Chinese living in the United States.换句话说，我们要比在美国的华人幸运得多。
276.Why did you choose that day __________________?你为何特别选了那一天？277.That old woman has long been _________________.那位老太太长期以来身体不好。
278.He can be very rude ___________, though in public he is usually polite.他在大庭广众中通常很有礼貌, 但私下里很粗鲁。
279.She is shy of speaking ________________.她当众讲话很害羞。
280.Mr. Green is a professor in name but not____________.格林先生在名声上是有名的教授，但事实上不是。
281.He glanced about as if he was ________________ something.他扫视了四周, 好像他在搜寻什么东西.282._____________, we must be prepared.总而言之, 我们要有准备。
283.He was behaving normally _____________his anxiety.不管他心中如何焦急，但仍然举止如常。
284._____________ money we're quite rich, but not ____________ happiness.在金钱方面我们很富有，但在幸福方面就不然了。
285.The new railway is ______________________construction.新的铁路正在建设的过程中。
286.Now all we do is pay maintenance ________________________ taxes.如今我们所要做的只是以纳税的方式支付维修费用。
287.____________________, an economic crisis take place in that country.在这期间那个国家发生了经济危机。
288.Many works are from churches where they are still ___________.许多作品是从教堂借来的，在那里它们仍在使用中。
289.We regret to _______________________ the cancellation of the tour.我们遗憾地通知您，此次旅行取消了。