PMA_AP_NJ Plant_0621 update by Dengbo
新核心网开站步骤(精)
关于阿朗CDMA的IPBH基站的整合步骤主要目的：因目前新局使用的基站使用IPBH和以前的frame relay方式不同，添加了阿朗的路由交换机7750设备代替了5E同基站连接。
根据新局现场（软件是R31版）的测试经验，总结基站部分的内容，方便SUB-C工程师查阅和尽快上手，也为客户准备技术文档。
步骤简介：根据IPBH基站的特点，主要三个部分步骤：一，基站硬件安装调测二，基站和7750确认传输路由的配合步骤三，基站的数据添加一，基站硬件安装调测1)基站硬件安装完毕2) 基站用RMT调测基站背板参数，把Frame 转为PPP模式，主要是在RMT/boot memory parameter窗口中/trunk group controller parameter简称TGCP和initial link configuration parameter简称ILCP/ recall成RMT自带的配置文件/自己电脑中的RMT目录/config/1bts/IEH/BMP/中根据URC功能配置分1X和EVDO两种：1X的URC是/Voice/URC-URCII/E1/IPBH-Voice/CDM has its owner E1s/TGCP-CDM(1-5-9-13)-IPBH-E1-v4和/Voice/URC-URCII/E1/IPBH-Voice/CDM has its owner E1s/ILCP-CDM(1-5-9-13)-IPBH-E1-v4EVDO的URCII是EVDO/URC-URCII/E1/PPP-EVDO/CDM has its owner E1s/TGCP-CDM(2-6-10-14)-PPP-E1-v4和EVDO/URC-URCII/E1/PPP-EVDO/CDM has its owner E1s/ILCP-CDM(2-6-10-14)-PPP-E1-v4二，基站和7750确认传输路由的配合步骤1,7750加数据需要的条件：1)基站RCS号2)基站传输编号，主要基站每条传输E1是第几个155M（7750连接40条155M）的第几个时隙（每条155M有63个时隙），需要电信客户传输部门提供3)基站现场的E1先自环并和7750工程师配合断开测试确认E1正常2,在基站现场确认得到IP地址，网线连接到基站，telnet 192.168.168.16(第一块URC)或192.168.168.32(第二块URC)，执行下面的命令：用户名：lucent 密码：password自动出现背板参数击入：mlpppShow检查是否有MY IP和Primary DNS IP及Secondary DNS IP，这三个IP是7750配置的数据，必须全部是有IP地址的，如为0.0.0.0则基站信令不会起来的，需要联系7750工程师确认或添加数据。
西门子建筑技术HVAC产品633室内单元-对Synco 700控制器的适用说明书
CE1N1633en Siemens Building Technologies1633Room Unit forSynco™ 700 ControllersQAW740 Konnex bus connectionMultifunctional, digital room unit for simple remote control of Synco™ 700 controllers.Use Room unit in combination with a Synco™ 700 controller for plant in:• Office and administrative buildings • Business and sales premises • Schools • Hospitals• Factory buildings and workshops • Apartment buildingsFor use with Synco™ 700 controllers for heating, ventilation or air conditioning (HVAC) systems. Only usable for systems with Konnex (KNX) communication.Functions • Remote control of a Synco™ 700 controller • Room temperature measurement • Communication via KonnexUseApplicationMain functions•Relative temperature setpoint adjustment•Preselection of operating mode with Mode button•Timer function with timer button•Display of operating level, temperatures, timer function and alarmType summaryTyp Designation Compatible withQAW740 Roomunit Synco™700controllerNot suitable for use with the Synco™ RXB controller.Technical designcan be readjusted by ± 3 °C (± 6 °F), which is then transmitted to the controller. Thebasic setting of the Comfort setpoint is made at the controller itself. During setting withthe knob, the display changes to the correction value that is set. If no further settingsare made, the setting is acknowledged by the return of the basic display with the actualroom temperature value after a delay of 4 seconds.The Mode button is used to switch between automatic and manual mode. Thisefficiently matches the room temperature to the respective room use.The change of operating mode with the Mode button can automatically be reset bymaking on the serviced level. In that case, a reset back to automatic mode is madeafter the selected period of time (1…99 Std.) has elapsed. However, this function is notactivated as standard and the selected operating mode is maintained continuously.The timer function starts an adjustable time period during which comfort mode issustained. This function is started by pressing the timer button, and the required periodof time for the function is adjusted with the setting Knob, the increments being 15minutes. When starting the function, the time period used last will appear. A maximumadjustment of 20 hours from the setting time is possible. The room unit transmits theset adjustment to the controller via the bus, but the actual room control program in thecontroller remains unchanged.In case of deviations from the displayed value, the measured room temperature valuecan be adjusted in the range –4.5…4.5 °C. The room unit transmits the resultant actualvalue via the bus and indicates it on the display.The display in °C or °F can be selected.Operator functionsNoteComfort setpointrelativeMode buttonTimer functionMeasured valuereadjustement ofroom temperatureUnit2/63/6Short-circuit or open-circuit of the room sensor isindicated by a bell symbol on the display. The room unit transmits such errors via the bus.The bell symbol also indicates alarms that the assigned controller transmits to the room unit via the bus. The actual temperature value remains on display. In case of a device address conflict, the display changes to this setting.The room unit has a device address and a geographical zone, which it uses for communication with the controller and other devices on the bus system. Therefore, address assignment must be planned for data to be transmitted correctly.The room unit automatically provides the device address the first time it is powered up, or it searches for a free device address at the push of a button. However, manual changes are also possible.The geographical zone (apartment) must match that of the controller, so it must be entered during installation.Bus traffic, which is mainly influenced by the frequency of room temperature measured values, can be limited using the room temperature threshold function. The device does not transmit a measured value until it exceeds the threshold value.The room unit is intended for easy mode, but is capable of Konnex S-mode integration. Therefore, consult the Konnex bus system description for planning and installation.The service level and expert level are used for commissioning. The procedure is described in Installation Instructions CE1G1633.Mechanical design The unit consists of the following components:• Housing with integrated electronics and operating elements • Base for wall mounting with the connection terminalsFault status messagesCommunicationDevice address (d)The geographical zone (A)Bus trafficKonnexCommissioningRoom unitOperating elementsTimer button Display KnobMode-button4/6Technical data Konnex bus Type of interface Konnex-TP1Transceiver TP-UART Baud rate 9.6 kBit/s Cuttent draw bus 7.5 mA Bus loading number (SBT) 1.2For more information about the Konnex bus, refer to the following pieces of documentation: Data Sheet CE1N3127en, Basic Documentation CE1P3127en Konnex bus As per data sheet CE1N3127en Type of cable 2-wire, unshielded twisted pair; connectionsnon-interchangeable as per Data Sheet CE1N3127enSafety class III to EN 60730(when mounted correctly)Housing protection standard IP 20 to EN 60529Contaminationenvironment to EN 60730 Operation IEC 721-3-3 class 3K 5Temperature 0…50 °C (noncondensing) Humidity < 85 % rh Transport IEC 721-3-2 class 2K 3Temperature –25...70 °C Humidity < 95 % rh Storage IEC 721-3-1 class 1K 3Temperature –25...70 °CEMC directive 89/336/EECImmunity EN 50082-1, EN 50082-2, EN 60730-1EN 50090-2-2EmissionsEN 50081-1, EN 50081-2, EN 50090-2-2 Low-voltage directive 73/23/EEC– Electrical safety EN 60730-1, EN 60730-2-9Measuring range0…45 °C Time constant 13 min Software class A to EN 60 730Weightapprox. 0,115 kg InterfacesWiring connectionsProtectionEnvironmentalconditionsStandardsRoom temperature measurement Other features5/6Notes• The products may only be used in building services plant and applications as described above• When using the products, all requirements specified under ”Technical data” must be observed• The local regulations for electrical installation must be complied with• Montage im Hauptaufenthalts– bzw. Referenzraum• The place of installation should be chosen so that the sensor can capture the room temperature as accurately as possible, without being affected by direct solar radiation or other heating or cooling sources• Mounting height is about 1.5 meters above the floor• The basic principles of the Konnex bus system must be observed (see documents CE1N3127 and CE1P3127)• The unit can be fitted to most commercially available recessed conduit boxes ordirectly on the wall• Wall mounting with base• The controller must not be exposed to dripping water• For the electrical installation, the local safety regulations and standards must be complied with• Installation and operating instructions are enclosed with each deviceConnection diagram1 2 3 4 5 6 CE+ CE- - - - - Konnex TP1 (non-interchangeable) Konnex TP1 (non-interchangeable) - - - -1345622284Z 40Product liabilityEngineeringInstallationInstallation and operationDimensions©2003 Siemens Building Technologies Ltd.Subject to alteration6/6。
pmap使用方式
pmap使用方式pmap是一款常用的性能分析工具，它可以帮助开发者查看进程的内存映射以及内存分配情况。
在本文中，我将介绍pmap的使用方式，包括命令参数和输出结果的解读。
pmap可以通过以下命令来使用：```pmap [options] <pid>```其中，`<pid>`表示要分析的进程的进程ID。
pmap支持以下常用的命令参数：- `-x`：以十六进制形式显示内存映射的起始地址和结束地址。
- `-d`：以十进制形式显示内存映射的起始地址和结束地址。
- `-q`：仅显示进程的内存映射和总内存大小，不显示详细信息。
- `-t`：在输出结果中显示线程的内存映射情况。
- `-V`：显示pmap的版本信息。
例如，要查看进程ID为12345的进程的内存映射情况，可以使用以下命令：```pmap 12345```pmap的输出包含以下几个部分：1. 进程的内存映射信息：包括起始地址、结束地址、权限、偏移量、设备号、节点号以及映射文件的路径（如果有的话）。
2. 内存映射总结：显示进程的总内存使用情况，包括实际使用的内存、共享内存、私有内存以及内存的只读、可写等属性。
3. 内存映射详细信息（可选）：如果使用了`-t`参数，还会显示每个线程的内存映射情况。
通过分析pmap的输出结果，开发者可以了解进程的内存使用情况，包括内存映射的起始地址和大小、内存权限以及映射文件的路径。
这对于排查内存泄漏、分析内存占用以及调优程序性能非常有帮助。
下面是一个pmap的输出示例：```Address Perm Offset Dev Inode Path----------------- ------ -------- ------ ------- ------08048000-0804b000 r-xp 00000000 03:0c 64593 /path/to/executable0804b000-08055000 rw-p 00002000 03:0c 64593 /path/to/executable...b7709000-b770a000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0bff26000-bff47000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 [stack]```在上述示例中，我们可以看到进程的内存映射情况，例如从`08048000-0804b000`的地址段是可执行文件的代码段，而`0804b000-08055000`是可执行文件的数据段。
pma受保护模块
pma受保护模块（1）基层级维修基层级维修主要是在外场完成飞机的飞行前、飞行后检查，日常维护保养和某些工作量不大的周期性工作，以原位维修为主。
这一级维修机构在建制设置上，曾属于飞行中队，现在则属于维修大队。
（2）中继级维修中继级维修主要是承担外场维修所不能完成的维修和保障工作，包括某些工作量较大、需要仪器设备较多、技术上也比较复杂的周期性维修工作，各种机件的修理或机械加工，以及简单零件的制作等，以离位维修为主。
这一级维修机构的建制目前归属于维修大队。
因此，基层级维修和中继级维修都属于部队维修，由各联队在基地完成。
（3）后方级维修后方级维修主要是飞机和部附件的翻修。
这一级维修机构的建制配属于空军装备司令部，由空军后勤中心来完成。
美国空军F-22战斗机便携式维修辅助装置（PMA）F-22是美国空军用以代替F-15的第四代战斗机，其综合维修信息系统（IMIS）中包含有一种便携式维修辅助装置（PMA）。
PMA是一台供维修人员带到外场去的经过加固的计算机，它是维修人员与飞机及其各系统的主要接口。
PMA可以运行IETM，通过它可以预订备件，将各种维修工作记录在维修表格中。
该PMA由联信公司（AlliedSignal）研制，重约4.5千克，使用氢化镍电池，使用键盘和功能键进行数据输入，在太阳光下完全可读。
PMA给维修人员带来的最大好处之一是，基于IETM可在PMA上显示一套详细的维修规程，告诉维修人员如何检查和更换某个部件。
这些说明是交互式的，根据在维修工作过程中可能遇到的情况，向维修人员提供不同的信息。
IETM的图形取自用于飞机设计的三维计算机数据库，并被转化成经过简化的二维图，这样便于使用，而且从技术的角度看得更加清楚。
将IETM显示在PMA上，这样就不需要在外场翻阅厚本的技术资料，更改时也省去了烦琐的换页过程。
PMA的工作过程是这样的：维修人员走到飞机跟前，将PMA插到飞机上的一个数据口（位于轮舱和驾驶舱里），由它来接受指令。
Participant用户指南
第版8.5Participant 用户指南法律声明♦本文档中的内容如有更改，恕不另行通知；这些内容亦不构成 AT&T Inc.之承诺。
♦本文档所叙述的软件与/或数据库按照许可协议或保密协议提供。
软件与/或数据库只允许按照协议进行使用或复制。
购买者可出于备份目的制作一份本软件的副本。
♦AT&T Connect Participant 应用程序整合了获得 DSP Algorithms 公司 () 许可的回声消除技术。
♦未经 AT&T Inc. 明确书面同意，不得出于购买者个人使用之外的任何目的，以任何形式或通过任何电子或机械手段（包括影印、录制或信息存储与检索系统）复制或传输本“用户指南”的任何部分。
♦除非另有说明，本文所含的所有公司、产品、街道地址以及人员的名称均纯属虚构，其用途仅限于介绍 AT&T Connect 产品的用法。
♦Windows 是 Microsoft Corporation 的商标。
所有其它商标属于各自的拥有者。
♦© 1996-2008 AT&T Inc. 版权所有。
保留所有权利。
目录第 1 章 (8)AT&T Connect Participant 应用程序简介 (8)会议中的主持人和与会人角色 (8)AT&T Connect 与 AT&T TeleConference Service 中的角色 (9)第 2 章 (10)安装AT&T Connect Participant 应用程序 (10)系统要求 (10)从 Web 进行 Participant 安装 (11)从光盘安装 (11)第 3 章 (12)开始使用AT&T Connect Participant 应用程序 (12)Participant 窗口 (12)状态面板 (13)开始页面 (14)第 508 部分符合性 (14)使用辅助菜单 (15)第 4 章 (18)召开 Web 会议 (18)邀请他人加入 Web 会议 (19)加入会议 (20)将 AT&T TeleConference Service 用于 Web 会议音频 (25)使用“呼我” (27)断开与重新连接事件 (28)第 5 章 (30)使用与会人工具 (30)使用表情 (30)使用便条 (31)发送便条 (32)回复/转发便条 (34)删除便条 (34)保存便条 (34)定义便条设置 (35)暂时离开事件 (36)扩展 Participant 窗口 (37)将音频静音/取消静音 (37)使用白板 (38)清除白板 (39)在显示器上指点 (39)在白板上书写 (40)在白板上绘制线条与形状 (40)在白板上绘制对号 (41)保存白板内容 (41)插入文件 (41)使用电子邮件邀请其他与会人 (43)响应问题与调查 (43)查看响应统计数据 (45)第 6 章 (46)演示人工具 (46)演示人权限 (46)传递演示人权限 (48)通过电话与拨出邀请 (48)链接与会人数据和音频流 (49)重命名与会人 (50)使用举手列表 (50)清除与会人 (51)启用广播模式 (52)查看事件材料的加载状态 (52)将文件加载到白板 (53)查看文件属性 (53)重新发送文件 (54)删除文件 (54)查看文件状态 (55)文件类型 (55)插入 PowerPoint 文件 (56)将插入的文件设置为在白板外部打开 (58)事件设置 (59)第 7 章 (60)高级演示人选项 (60)Web 会议中的应用程序共享 (60)与 Web 会议与会人共享应用程序 (60)使用“应用程序共享导航栏” (62)以“远程指导”方式共享应用程序 (65)定义应用程序共享设置 (65)定义输出带宽控制 (65)定义图像质量 (67)定义快捷键 (68)显示应用程序共享导航栏 (68)将 Participant 窗口定义成在“放大”模式中打开 (68)发起调查 (69)共享响应统计数据 (73)执行 Web 浏览 (73)第 8 章 (76)高级 Participant 应用程序选项 (76)概述 (76)定义用户界面语言 (77)定义连接协议/代理设置 (78)定义服务器设置 (79)第 9 章 (80)图标与状态消息 (80)工具栏图标 (80)状态消息 (80)与会人列表图标 (81)第 10 章 (84)Log Submission 实用程序 (LSU) (84)LSU 激活 (84)自动激活 (84)手工激活 (84)使用 LSU (85)发送报告 (85)发送操作失败时 (87)查看收集的数据（可选） (88)第 1 章 AT&T Connect Participant 应用程序简介AT&T Connect 借助可视化演示与互动方面的基于 PC 的工具，扩展了AT&T TeleConference Service (ATCS) 的语音会议功能。
DrayTek VigorAP 960C 802.11ax Ceiling-mount Access
VigorAP 960C802.11ax Ceiling-mount AccessPointQuick Start GuideVersion: 1.2Firmware Version: V1.4.5(For future update, please visit DrayTek web site)Date: Dec. 21, 2022Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) InformationCopyrights © All rights reserved. This publication contains information that is protected by copyright. No part may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored ina retrieval system, or translated into any language without written permissionfrom the copyright holders.Trademarks The following trademarks are used in this document:●Microsoft is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corp.●Windows, Windows 8, 10, 11 and Explorer are trademarks of MicrosoftCorp.●Apple and Mac OS are registered trademarks of Apple Inc.●Other products may be trademarks or registered trademarks of theirrespective manufacturers.Safety Instructions and ApprovalSafety Instructions ●Read the installation guide thoroughly before you set up the device.●The device is a complicated electronic unit that may be repaired only beauthorized and qualified personnel. Do not try to open or repair thedevice yourself.●Do not place the device in a damp or humid place, e.g. a bathroom.●Do not stack the devices.●The device should be used in a sheltered area, within a temperaturerange of 0 to +40 Celsius.●Do not expose the device to direct sunlight or other heat sources. Thehousing and electronic components may be damaged by direct sunlight or heat sources.●Do not deploy the cable for LAN connection outdoor to preventelectronic shock hazards.●Keep the package out of reach of children.●When you want to dispose of the device, please follow local regulationson conservation of the environment.Warranty We warrant to the original end user (purchaser) that the device will be free from any defects in workmanship or materials for a period of two (2) yearsfrom the date of purchase from the dealer. Please keep your purchase receiptin a safe place as it serves as proof of date of purchase. During the warrantyperiod, and upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications offailure due to faulty workmanship and/or materials, we will, at our discretion,repair or replace the defective products or components, without charge foreither parts or labor, to whatever extent we deem necessary tore-store theproduct to proper operating condition. Any replacement will consist of a newor re-manufactured functionally equivalent product of equal value, and willbe offered solely at our discretion. This warranty will not apply if the productis modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or subjectedto abnormal working conditions. The warranty does not cover the bundled orlicensed software of other vendors. Defects which do not significantly affectthe usability of the product will not be covered by the warranty. We reservethe right to revise the manual and online documentation and to make changesfrom time to time in the contents hereof without obligation to notify anyperson of such revision or changes.Declaration of ConformityHereby, DrayTek Corporation declares that the radio equipment type VigorAP 960C is in compliance with Directive 2014/53/EU.The full text of the EU declaration of conformity is available at the following internet address: https:///VigorAP 960C/Document/CE/Manufacturer: DrayTek Corp.Address: No.26, Fushing Rd., Hukou, Hsinchu Industrial Park, Hsinchu 303, Taiwan Product: VigorAP 960CFrequency Information for Europe area:2.4GHz WLAN 2400MHz - 2483MHz, max. TX power: 19.95dBm5GHz WLAN 5150MHz - 5350MHz, max. TX power: 22.84dBm5470MHz - 5725MHz, max. TX power: 28.14dBmRequirements in AT/BE/BG/CZ/DZ/DK/EE/FR/DE/IS/IE/IT/EL/ES/CY/LV/LI/LT/ LU/HU/MT/NL/NO/PL/PT/RO/SI/SK/TR/FI/SE/CH/HR.5150MHz~5350MHz is for indoor use only.This product is designed for 2.4GHz and 5GHz WLAN network throughout the EC region.Declaration of ConformityHereby, DrayTek Corporation declares that the radio equipment type VigorAP 960C is in compliance with Regulation SI 2017 No. 1206.Manufacturer: DrayTek Corp.Address: No.26, Fushing Rd., Hukou, Hsinchu Industrial Park, Hsinchu 303, Taiwan Product: VigorAP 960CImporter: CMS Distribution Ltd: Bohola Road, Kiltimagh, Co Mayo, IrelandFrequency Information for UK area:2.4GHz WLAN 2400MHz - 2483MHz, max. TX power: 19.95dBm5GHz WLAN 5150MHz - 5350MHz, max. TX power: 22.84dBm5470MHz - 5725MHz, max. TX power: 28.14dBmRequirements in UK. 5150MHz~5350MHz is for indoor use only.This product is designed 2.4GHz and 5GHz WLAN network use in the UK & Ireland.Regulatory InformationFederal Communication Commission Interference StatementThis equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmfulinterference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one of the following measures:● Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.● Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.● Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.●Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:(1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and(2) This device may accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.Company nameABP International Inc.Address 13988 Diplomat Drive Suite 180 Dallas TX 75234 ZIP Code 75234E-mail*******************USA Local Representative Contact PersonMr. Robert MesserTel. 19728311600Caution ● Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the grantee of this device could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.● Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate this equipment.● This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.●Radiation Exposure Statement: This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20cm between the radiator & your body.External Power Supply ErP Information1 2A Manufacturer DVE DVEB Address No.5, Baogao Rd, XindianDist, New Taipei City(23144), TaiwanNo.5, Baogao Rd, XindianDist, New Taipei City(23144), Taiwan DSA-12PF09-12 FUK DSA-18PFR-12 FUKC Model identifierDSA-12PF09-12 FEU DSA-18PFR-12 FEU D Input voltage 100~240V 100~240VInput AC frequency 50/60Hz 50/60HzEOutput voltage DC 12.0V 12.0VF Output current 1.0A 1.5AG Output power 12.0W 18.0WH Average active efficiency 83.3% 85.5%I Efficiency at low load 10% 80.8% 83.7%J No-load power consumption 0.06W 0.07W*The external power supply used for each product will be model dependent.For more update, please visit .T a b l e o f C o n t e n t s1. Package Content (1)2. Panel Explanation (2)3. Installation (3)3.1 Ceiling-mount Installation (Wooden Ceiling) (3)3.2 Ceiling-mount Installation (Plasterboard Ceiling) (4)3.3 Suspended Ceiling (Lightweight Steel Frame) Installation (5)3.4 Wall-Mounted Installation (7)4. Connection and Configuration (8)4.1 Notifications for Hardware Connection (8)4.2 Connect to a Vigor Router using AP Management (9)4.3 Web Configurations (10)5. Customer Service (14)Be a Registered Owner (14)Firmware & Tools Updates (14)1.P a c k a g e C o n t e n tTake a look at the package content. If there is anything missed or damaged, please contact DrayTek or dealer immediately.VigorAP 960C Main Unit Ceiling mount bracket & Quick StartGuideT-Rail Mounting Kits(Used for suspended ceiling)Fixings and Screws(for ceiling mounting) RJ-45 Cable (Ethernet)Screw set (for wall mounting) The type of the power adapter depends on the country that the AP will be installed:UK-type Power Adapter EU-type Power AdapterUSA/Taiwan-type Power Adapter AU/NZ-type Power AdapterThe maximum power consumption is 11 Watt.2. P a n e l E x p l a n a t i o nLED Status ExplanationOn The system is in boot-loader mode. OffThe system is not ready or fails.Blue LEDBlinking The system is in AP mode and work normally.Green LED BlinkingThe system is in Mesh mode or Range Extender modeand works normally.Orange LED Blinking The system is in TFTP mode. Off Off VigorAP is turned off or not functioning. Interface Explanation Ethernet Port Connects to LAN or router.Supports PoE power & Gigabit (1000BaseT).Power Jack (DC IN) Connecter for a power adapter. Hole Explanation Factory Reset Restores the unit back to factory default settings.To use, insert a small item such as an unbent paperclip into the hole. You will feel the button inside depress gently. Hold it for 5 seconds. The VigorAP will restart with the factory default configuration and the LED will blink blue.Note● For the sake of security, make the accessory kit away fromchildren.● Remove the protective film from the access point before useto ensure ventilation.LEDFactory ResetEthernet PortPower Jack (DC IN)3. I n s t a l l a t i o nVigorAP can be installed under certain locations: wooden ceiling, plasterboard ceilings, light-weighted steel frame and wall.3.1 C e i l i n g -m o u n t I n s t a l l a t i o n (W o o d e n C e i l i n g )1. Place the bracket under the wooden ceiling and fasten two screws firmly (asshown in Figure below, Step 1). 2. When the bracket is in place, fasten two screws firmly (as shown in Figurebelow, Step 2) on the bottom of VigorAP. 3. Make the device just below the bracket. Put the screws installed in Step 2 onthe holes of the bracket (as shown in Figure below, Step 3). 4. Gently rotate the device to make screws slide into the notches of thebracket and move forward till it is firmly fixed.Step 1Step 2BracketStep 33.2 C e i l i n g -m o u n t I n s t a l l a t i o n (P l a s t e r b o a r d C e i l i n g )1. Place the bracket under the plasterboard ceiling and fasten two turnbuckles firmly (as shown in Figure below, Step 1).2. Make the screws pass through the bracket and insert into the turnbuckles (asshown in Figure below, Step 2). Fasten them to offer more powerful supporting force.3. When the bracket is in place, fasten two screws firmly (as shown in Figurebelow, Step 3) on the bottom of VigorAP.4. Make the device just below the bracket. Put the screws installed in Step 3 onthe screw holes of the bracket (as shown in Figure below, Step 4).5. Gently rotate the device to make screws slide into the notches of thebracket and move forward till it is firmly fixed.BracketStep 1Step 2Step 3Step 43.3 S u s p e n d e d C e i l i n g (L i g h t w e i g h t S t e e l F r a m e )I n s t a l l a t i o nYou cannot screw into ceiling tiles as they are weak and not suitable for bearing loads. Your VigorAP is supplied with mounts (T-Rail brackets) which attach directly to the metal grid (‘T-Rail’) of your suspended ceiling.1. Choose one set of T-Rail mounting kits from the bundled package.2. Put the T-Rail brackets on the holes of the bottom side of the device. Fastenthem with suitable screws.3. If a larger gap is required between the ceiling and the VigorAP, use theextension pieces to extend the height of the brackets.T-Rail BracketExtension PieceT-Rail BracketExtension Piece4.Attach the T-Rail brackets to the ceiling frame.NoteWarning: The screw set shown below is for wall mounting only. Do not use such set for ceiling mounting due to the danger offalling.3.4 W a l l -M o u n t e d I n s t a l l a t i o nFor wall-mounting, the VigorAP has keyhole type mounting slots on the underside. You can fit the AP at any axis (i.e. 12, 3, 6 or 9 O’Clock) to allow for cable entry from the most convenient location if you are using side entry – note the position of the side entry cable cutout.1. A template is provided on the VigorAP’s packaging box to enable you tospace the screws correctly on the wall.2. Place the template on the wall and drill the holes according to therecommended instruction.3. Fit screws into the wall using the appropriate type of wall plug (as shown inthe ceiling section) but do not use the ceiling bracket – the VigorAP hangs directly onto the screws.Wall (wooden, concrete, plasterboard or others)4.C o n n e c t i o n a n d C o n f i g u r a t i o n4.1N o t i f i c a t i o n s f o r H a r d w a r e C o n n e c t i o n●If required, remove the protective cap of VigorAP to create extra spacefor the cables to pass through.●Connect VigorAP to Vigor router (via LAN port) with Ethernet cable.●Connect VigorAP to PoE switch (via LAN port) with Ethernet cable. Forconnecting with PoE switch, do not connect the power adapter. VigorAPwill get the power from the switch directly.4.2C o n n e c t t o a V i g o r R o u t e r u s i n g A P M a n a g e m e n tYour VigorAP can be used with Vigor routers which support AP management (such as the Vigor2865 or Vigor2927 series). AP Management enables you to monitor and manage multiple DrayTek APs from a single interface.1.Connect one end of the power adapter to power port of VigorAP, and theother side into a wall outlet.2.Access into the web user interface of Vigor router. Here we take Vigor2865as an example. Open Central Management>>AP>>Status.3.Locate VigorAP 960C. Click the IP address assigned by Vigor router to accessinto web user interface of VigorAP 960C.4.After typing username and password (admin/admin), the main screen will bedisplayed.4.3W e b C o n f i g u r a t i o n sThis section will guide you to install the AP and make configuration for VigorAP.C o n n e c t e d A s a M e s h N o d e(i n M e s h N e t w o r k)❶Install VigorAP on to the ceiling.❷As a mesh node, settings related to VigorAP 960C must be configured by a remote Mesh Root (e.g., VigorAP 903) within the mesh network.The user must detect VigorAP 960C via a Mesh Root to add it as a meshnode.C o n n e c t e d A s a n A c c e s s P o i n tAs an access point, VigorAP 960C must be connected to a router and configured in AP (Access Point) / Range Extender mode.❶Install VigorAP on to the ceiling.❷Use a twisted-pair cable with RJ-45 plugs at both ends, and plug into Ethernet device (e.g., Vigor router) and Ethernet port of VigorAP.❸ There are two methods to configure VigorAP.Method 1:(a) First, open a web browser on your PC and type https://192.168.1.2. Apop-up window will open to ask for username and password.Note You may either simply set up your computer to get IPdynamically from the router or set up the IP address of thecomputer to be in the same subnet as the IP address ofVigorAP 960C.● If there is no DHCP server on the network, then VigorAP960C will have an IP address of 192.168.1.2.● If there is DHCP available on the network, then VigorAP960C will receive its IP address via the DHCP server.● If you connect to VigorAP by wireless LAN, you could tryto access the web user interface through .(b) After clicking Login, Quick Start Wizard for configuring wirelesssettings will appear as follows.(c)Follow the on-screen steps to finish the network connection.Method 2:(a)Use a mobile phone to scan the QR code named with DrayTek WirelessApp to download DrayTek Wireless APP.(b)After downloading, run the APP.(c)From the home page, click the Connect icon to access the Connectpage. Next, press the QR code icon next to Scan QR Code on yourphone screen to open the camera.Scan the QR code named with Connect SSID to access the web user interface (configuration wizard) of VigorAP 960C. (For iOS users, the SSID and the password will be shown first. Simply click the Connect button to access the web user interface of VigorAP.)5.C u s t o m e r S e r v i c eIf the device cannot work correctly after trying many efforts, please contact your dealer/DrayTek for further help right away. For any questions, please feel freetosende-mailto“*******************”.B e a R e g i s t e r e d O w n e rWeb registration is preferred. You can register your Vigor router viahttps://..F i r m w a r e&T o o l s U p d a t e sDue to the continuous evolution of DrayTek technology, all routers will beregularly upgraded. Please consult the DrayTek web site for more information on newest firmware, tools and documents.https://GPL Notice This DrayTek product uses software partially or completely licensedunder the terms of the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE. The author ofthe software does not provide any warranty. A Limited Warranty isoffered on DrayTek products. This Limited Warranty does not coverany software applications or programs.To download source codes please visit:GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE:https:///licenses/gpl-2.0Version 2, June 1991For any question, please feel free to contact DrayTek technical*************************************************.14。
pmap anon的引用
pmap anon的引用英文回答：Shared Memory Allocation and Protection in the Linux Kernel: A Detailed Exploration of pmap_anon.In a multi-tasking operating system like Linux, one of the key challenges is managing memory effectively. This involves allocating memory to processes and ensuring that they do not interfere with each other's memory spaces. One important data structure in the Linux kernel that plays a crucial role in memory management is the Page Map, also known as pmap.The pmap_anon is a specific type of page map used to manage anonymous memory. Anonymous memory refers to memory that is not backed by any file or device, and is typically used for temporary allocations such as the heap or stack. Unlike file-backed memory, anonymous memory does not have a persistent presence on the disk and is allocateddynamically as needed.Mechanism and Implementation of pmap_anon.The pmap_anon is implemented as a radix tree, which isa specialized data structure optimized for efficient memory management. The radix tree is organized into levels, where each level represents a different bit position in thevirtual address. By using a combination of masks and shifts, the kernel can quickly traverse the tree and locate the appropriate page table entry for a given virtual address.Architecture and Key Functions.The pmap_anon is a complex data structure with several important functions:1. Memory Allocation: pmap_anon manages the allocationof anonymous memory pages. When a process requests memory, the kernel allocates a page from the free memory pool and adds it to the pmap_anon.2. Page Table Management: pmap_anon keeps track of the page table entries associated with each anonymous memory page. It ensures that the page tables are updated correctly when pages are allocated, deallocated, or moved.3. Protection and Permissions: pmap_anon enforces memory protection by setting the appropriate permissionsfor each page. It controls which processes have access to a particular page and what type of access (read, write, execute) they are allowed.4. Page Fault Handling: When a process accesses a page that is not in memory, the kernel triggers a page fault. pmap_anon plays a role in handling page faults by providing the necessary information to the kernel to resolve thefault and bring the page into memory.Performance Optimizations.To improve performance, the Linux kernel employs several optimizations related to pmap_anon. These optimizations include:1. Page Table Caching: The kernel caches page table entries to reduce the overhead of accessing page tables. When a process accesses a page, the kernel checks if the page table entry is cached. If it is, the kernel can avoid traversing the pmap_anon tree and directly access the page table entry.2. Large Page Support: The kernel supports the use of large pages, which are larger than the standard 4KB page size. Large pages improve performance by reducing the number of page table entries required and minimizing the overhead of page table management.中文回答：pmap_anon 在 Linux 内核中的引用，共享内存分配与保护。
服务端_PMA主站_104报文解释
104通讯调试配置一、HZ3000_104配置：二、笔记本_104调试软件PMA配置：连接失败,连接不到从站，请重新连接!:10061第一段报文：主站发送68 04 07 00 00 00起始字节=68 数据单元长度(APDU)=4 U格式帧 STARTDT:ACT=1 CON=0 STOPDT:ACT=0 CON=0 TESTFR: ACT=0 CON=0分析：&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&第1帧报文&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&------数据帧：U帧:启动激活------68 启动符04 数据长度---控制域+运用服务长度407 控制域1--TestCon:0,TestAct:0,StopCon:0,StopAct:0,StartAct:0,bit1:1,bit0:1 00 控制域2----应该为000 控制域3----应该为0,bit0:000 控制域4----应该为0从站发送68 04 43 00 00 00起始字节=68 数据单元长度(APDU)=4 U格式帧 STARTDT:ACT=0 CON=0 STOPDT:ACT=0 CON=0 TESTFR: ACT=1 CON=0分析：&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&第1帧报文&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&------数据帧：U帧:测试激活------68 启动符04 数据长度---控制域+运用服务长度443 控制域1--TestCon:0,TestAct:1,StopCon:0,StopAct:0,StartAct:0,bit1:1,bit0:1 00 控制域2----应该为000 控制域3----应该为0,bit0:000 控制域4----应该为0主站发送68 04 83 00 00 00起始字节=68 数据单元长度(APDU)=4 U格式帧 STARTDT:ACT=0 CON=0 STOPDT:ACT=0 CON=0 TESTFR: ACT=0 CON=1分析：&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&第1帧报文&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&------数据帧：U帧:测试确认------68 启动符04 数据长度---控制域+运用服务长度483 控制域1--TestCon:1,TestAct:0,StopCon:0,StopAct:0,StartAct:0,bit1:1,bit0:1 00 控制域2----应该为000 控制域3----应该为0,bit0:000 控制域4----应该为0从站发送68 04 00 00 00 00起始字节=68 数据单元长度(APDU)=4 I格式帧发送序号(NS)=0 接收序号(NR)=0分析：&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&第1帧报文&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&------数据帧：I帧------68 启动符04 数据长度---控制域+运用服务长度400 控制域1--LSB发送序列号N(s)bit1~bit7,bit0:000 控制域2--MSB发送序列号N(s):000 控制域3--LSB接收序列号N(s)bit1~bit7,bit0:000 控制域4--MSB接收序列号N(s):000 类型标识:000 可变结构限定词VSQ--信息数目=0 SQ:0 非顺序(如:地址1,数据1,地址2,数据2..)00 00 传送原因--[T bit7：0][P/N bit6：0][原因 bit5～bit0：0]：保留00 00 运用地址低前,高后++++++++++不识别的--类型标识第三段报文：主站发送68 04 01 00 02 00起始字节=68 数据单元长度(APDU)=4 S格式帧接收序号(NR)=1分析：&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&第1帧报文&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&------数据帧：S帧------68 启动符04 数据长度---控制域+运用服务长度401 控制域1--bit2~bit7:应该为0,bit1:0,bit0:100 控制域2--应该为002 控制域3--LSB接收序列号N(s)bit1~bit7,bit0:000 控制域4--MSB接收序列号N(s):1。
Polycom DMA 7000系统版本6.3.0_P1 补丁说明书
Patch NotesPolycom ® DMA™ 7000 System© 2015 Polycom, Inc. All rights reserved. POLYCOM®, the Polycom logo, and the names and marks associated with Po lycom’s products are trademarks and/or service marks of Polycom, Inc. and are registered and/or common law marks in the United States and various other countries. All other trademarks are property of their respective owners. 1Release label:6.3.0_P1 Built on version:Polycom DMA 7000 System v6.3.0 Released file(s):upgrade file for 6.1.x, 6.2.0, 6.2.1, and 6.3.0Purpose The primary focus of this patch is to resolve minor issues with WebRTC. Patch 1 for DMA 6.3.0 (i.e. 6.3.0_P1_Build_198923) contains code changes to address the following issues:❑DMA-14736 RealConnect conference not working properly if DMA template is configured with cascade for size. ❑DMA-14764 DMA Conference Templates could not be loaded when try to schedule pooled conference from XMA. ❑ DMA-14798 Random generated RealConnect chair codes may result in conference creation failure.❑ DMA-14825 DMA Supercluster/UnauthorizedPrefix: SIP Call with unauthorized prefix fail to establish when backup DMA forwards the call to the active DMA.❑DMA-14898 WebRTC/RPWS Intermittent IVR display – interrupts meeting. ❑DMA-14911 Max limit on WebRTC clients needs to 5. ❑DMA-14926 DMA SIP Peer – DNS resolution of Destination Network field on RE-INVITE (Outbound Calling). ❑DMA-14948 API –display-name property value changes after promotion. ❑DMA-14956 DMA doesn’t pass the participant name in the participant notification for Web RTC participant. ❑DMA-14971 Improper CANCEL handling with Weighted SIP Peers. ❑ DMA-15010 Collabutron redirect response code should be be 302 (temporary) instead of 301 (permanent).Prerequisites/Configuration Considerations∙ Systems may have Polycom DMA 7000 v6.1.x, v6.2.0, v6.2.1, or v6.3.0 installed∙ When upgrading from DMA 6.1.x, 6.2.0, 6.2.1, 6.3.0 to 6.3.0.1, the system will not preserve the call history information. To keep this data, backup the databases, upgrade the DMAs, and then restore the databases.© 2015 Polycom, Inc. All rights reserved. POLYCOM®, the Polycom l ogo, and the names and marks associated with Polycom’s products are trademarks and/or service marks of Polycom, Inc. and are registered and/or common law marks in the United States and various other countries. All other trademarks are property of their respective owners.2 NOTE : Upgrades from DMA 6.2.2.x to 6.3.0.1 are not supported5.0.x5.1.x→ → 5.2.x Yes DMA-upgrade_5.2.2.6-bld9r144761.bin 5.2.x6.0.x→ → 6.1.x n/a rppufconv.bin (Pre 6.1.0 to 6.1.3.1) 6.1.3_P1_Build_185272-rppufconv.bin 6.1.x6.2.0.x6.2.1.x → → → 6.3.0.1 Yes full.bin (Upgrade to 6.3.0.1) 6.3.0_P1_Build_198923-full.bin 6.3.0 → 6.3.0.1 No full.bin (Upgrade to 6.3.0.1)6.3.0_P1_Build_198923-full.bin6.2.2X 6.3.0.1 Not supported 6.2.2.x X 6.3.0.1 Not supportedInstallation Notes1. Download the upgrade file for dma_6.3.0.12. Login to DMA and navigate to Maintenance > Software Upgrade3. Select “Upload and Upgrade ” and choose the upgrade file4. DMA processes and applies patch。
PMA测试工具的使用介绍
PMA测试工具的使用说明文档文件名称PMA测试工具的使用说明文档文件说明无版本记录PMA测试工具的使用目录一、模拟串口通讯设备（CDT主子站的模拟、Modbus规约等，本文仅以CDT主站做说明）1、打开PMA程序，选择 文件→协议配置→CDT循环规约（根据实际规约选择），根据实际地址设置源地址，目的地址。
如图1-1,1-2图1-1图1-22、选择好规约后，配置与之通讯时用到的串口。
端口配置→串口设定，如图2-1图2-13、配置模拟的模式，选择运行模式→（主站、子站），如图3-1图3-14、配置完以上设置后，就可以连接设备。
查看和分析报文。
如图4-1图4-1出现以下报文表示连接成功，如图4-2所示：图4-2其他串口规约配置基本与此相同。
二、模拟网络通讯设备（本文仅IEC870-5-104规约模拟主站做说明）1、打开PMA程序，选择 文件→协议配置→IEC870-104规约（根据实际规约选择）出现下图所示配置窗口，按实际主、从站地址填写。
如图1-1、1-2图1-1图1-22、配置模拟的模式，选择运行模式→（主站、子站），如图2-1图2-13、配置完以上设置后，就可以连接设备。
查看和分析报文。
如图3-1图3-1配置完成后，选择模拟主站还是从站，在选择连接。
出现主站发送及子站发送的报文，表示连接成功，可以根据报文分析查看上送的数据是否正确。
三、IEC870-5-104规约模拟主站1、打开PMA程序，选择 文件→协议配置→IEC870-103规约（根据实际规约选择） 出现下图所示配置窗口，按实际主、从站地址填写。
如图1-1、1-2101用于串口通调度，属于远动规约104是101的网络版103有串口的有以太网的，不是通调度的，是通保护装置的，属于继电保护规约图1-1图1-2链路地址（LA）就是用来区分链路的地址，不是IP地址公共地址(COA)是用来区分此链路上不同的子站2、配置模拟的模式，选择运行模式→（主站、子站），如图2-1图2-13、配置完以上设置后，就可以连接设备。
PortServer TS 16 用户指南说明书
PortServer TS 16Setup CardAbout This CardThis card provides the following information on your PortServer TS 16:• A brief introduction• A setup overview that identifies the major steps required fordevice setup•Guidance on where to find more detailed information thatmay be required to complete setup and administrative tasksKey FeaturesThe following are some of the key features of PortServer TS 16:Console ManagementPortServer TS 16 provides the following console management features:•Secure access to remote systems using SSHv2•“Solaris Ready” certification from Sun Microsystems•Inbound and outbound PPP connections for remote access tonetwork equipment•Port buffering of up to 64 KB per port to diagnose networkproblems Terminal ServerPortServer TS 16 provides the following terminal server features:•Serial ports capable of supporting asynchronous, high-speedconnections to printers, modems, terminals, and otherdevices. Support extends to full modem control and hardware handshaking.•Local TTY and COM port functionality using Digi RealPortsoftware GeneralPortServer TS 16 provides the following general features:•Auto-sensing 10/100 TX Ethernet connection•Industry standard surge suppression and ESD protection to 15kilovolts on all signal pins•LED indicators to display network information•Local configuration using a terminal or PC and remote con-figuration using either a Telnet connection or a web browser •Remote monitoring and IP address configuration using DigiPort Authority - Remote•Upgradable firmware using TFTP or HTTPPackage ContentsThe package contains the following items:•One PortServer TS 16 with an integrated power supply•One RJ-45-to-DB-25 crossover cable and one RJ45-to-DB9crossover cableNote: These are intended for connecting a terminal or PC so that you can configure your PortServer TS 16 using the com-mand line interface.•One Sun Netra crossover cable to connect to SUN Netra serv-ers and Cisco routers and switches (Rack Mount units only)Note: For additional cables, contact your dealer or distributor.•Optional Rack Mount Kit (19” and 23”)•One loopback plug •Access Resource CD•This card, an Access Resource CD card, and associatedpaperworkSetup OverviewThis overview identifies the major steps required to set up your PortServer TS 16. It provides simple methods for accomplishing common setup tasks. For information on alternative methods, see the online documentation. Step A: Set Up the Hardware1.Connect the PortServer TS 16 to a proper power source andthe PortServer TS 16 to the network. See the Specifications table on the backside of this document for details.2.Connect peripherals to serial ports. See the Terminal ServerCable Guide for information on cabling peripherals to serial ports. Step B: Install and Set Up DPA-RemoteThis step is not required if you do not intend to use DPA-Remote to configure the IP address or to monitor ports.Notes: (1) DPA-Remote cannot be used to change the IP address of a PortServer TS 16 that has already been assigned one; it can only be used to configure the initial IP address. (2) DPA remote cannot assign an IP address on a network that has an active DHCP server.For information on installing DPA-Remote, see the online Digi Port Authority - Remote Device Monitor Setup Guide . Step C: Configure an IP AddressThe following are 4 methods for configuring an IP address. Use the one that is most convenient for you.Method 1: Using DP A-Remote 1.Run DPA-Remote.2.If DPA-Remote is not set for ADDP, choose ADDP as theDiscovery Protocol.3.Choose Discover. A list of Digi devices with IP addresses of0.0.0.0 appears.4.Select a PortServer TS 16 from the list and then choose Con-figure.5.Supply an IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway andthen choose OK.DPA-Remote configures the IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway.Method 2: Using Ping-ARPUse this section to configure an IP address by manually updating a server’s ARP table and then pinging the PortServer TS 16.1.Record the MAC address of the PortServer TS 16. It islocated on the back of the unit.2.Access a server on the same subnet as the PortServer TS 16.3.Manually update the server’s ARP table using the PortServerTS 16’s MAC address and the IP address you want assigned to the PortServer TS 16. The following is an example of how this is done on a Windows NT 4.0 system:arp -s 143.191.2.1 00-40-9d-22-23-604.Ping the PortServer TS 16 using the IP address just assigned. The following is an example:ping 143.191.2.1The ping will probably time out before there is a response. 5.Wait a few seconds and then ping again.The PortServer TS 16 replies to the ping, indicating that the IP address has been configured.Method 3: Using DHCP or RARP1.Record the MAC address of the PortServer TS 16, which islocated on the back of the unit.2.Set up an entry on a DHCP or RARP server. If you intend touse RealPort, do the following:•Reserve a permanent IP address.•Record the IP address. You will need it when you config-ure the RealPort driver.3.Power on the PortServer TS 16.Method 4: Using the Command Line1.Connect a terminal or PC to a serial port on the PortServer TS16.•For a terminal, use the cable that came in your package. •For a Windows Hyperterminal connection, use the cablethat came in the package, a straight-through DB25-to-DB9 modem cable, and gender changers as required.2.Configure the parameters of the terminal or terminal emula-tion software to work with the serial port. The default port settings are below:3.Log in to the PortServer TS 16 as root by entering the follow-ing commands: (You may have to press the Enter key to get a Login prompt.)•At the login prompt, type root .•At the password prompt, type dbps (which is the defaultpassword. If the password has been changed, use the new password.)See the newpass command in the online Digi One/PortServer TS Command Reference for information on changing the root password.4.Configure an IP address with the following command:set config dhcp=off ip=ip-addr submask=maskwhere ip-addr is the IP address to configure and mask is the subnet mask used by the network Exampleset config dhcp=off ip=192.10.7.3 submask=255.255.255.05.Reboot at the reboot prompt.Step D: Configuring Ports Using the Web Interface1.Access the PortServer TS 16 from a web browser by specify-ing the unit’s IP address in the URL window.2.Log in to the PortServer TS 16 as root by entering the follow-ing:•At the login prompt, type root .•At the password prompt, type dbps (which is the defaultpassword. If the password has been changed, use the new password.)e the web interface to configure ports. See the online helpfor information on configuration fields.4.If you intend to use RealPort, install RealPort software on aserver. See the online RealPort library for more information. Step E: Configure other Features as RequiredSee “Where to Find Information” on this card for ideas onadditional features to configure and directions as to where to find setup information.Step F: Troubleshoot Setup ProblemsEnsure that your setup works as you intend. If you encounter setup problems, see the troubleshooting section in the online Configuration and Administration Guide.PortServer TS 16 LibraryAccess Resource CD CardThis card provides information on the contents of the Access Resource CD. It includes the CD mounting instructions required to access the CD on many Unix systems.Digi One/PortServer TS Command ReferenceThis online manual, available on the Access Resource CD, provides complete information on commands.PortServer TS 8/16 Configuration and Administration Guide This online manual, available on the Access Resource CD, provides procedural information for setup.RealPort Setup GuidesThese online manuals provide information on setting up servers for RealPort software.Digi Port Authority - Remote Device Monitor Setup Guide This online manual provides information on installing and using Digi Port Authority - Remote software. Online Help for the Web UIThis online help provides information on configuration fields used with the web browser configuration interface. Terminal Server Cable GuideThis online manual provides cabling information.•VT 100 emulation • 1 stop bit •9600 baud •No parity•8-bit characterWhere to Find Information Safety Considerations and Warnings•AC only- Do not attempt to defeat the safety feature of the3-wire, ground-connection plug that comes with PortServerTS 16. If you are unable to insert this plug into an outlet,have an electrician replace the obsolete outlet.•AC only- Ensure that the ampere rating of all equipmentplugged into wall outlets does not overload the outlet.•AC only- If you require an extension cord, ensure that theampere rating of all equipment plugged into the extensioncord does not exceed the ampere rating of the cord.CAUTION! This product contains a lithium-ion battery that isembedded in one of the components on the printed circuit board.The battery is not field-replaceable, and improperly installing thecomponent could result in an explosion.CAUTION! Do not cover or obstruct ventilation slots.Thesedevices generate heat and require adequate circulation to maintainproper operating temperatures.CAUTION! Do not switch or disconnect devices in the groundingcircuit conductor between the DC source and the point ofconnection of the grounding electrode conductor.CAUTION! Do not allow the PortServer TS 16 to get wet. Do notinstall near high-powered radio transmitters or electricalequipment. Any of these conditions can cause safety hazards andequipment failure or damage.Rack Mounting Installation•Distribute weight evenly in the rack to avoid overloading.•Ensure proper ventilation with at least 12 inches (30 centime-ters) of clearance on all sides.•Check equipment nameplate ratings before connecting to thesupply circuit to avoid overloads which may damage over-current protection devices and supply wiring.•Maintain reliable earthing for rack-mounting equipment,especially for supply connections.•Install equipment in Restricted Access Areas only (dedicatedequipment rooms/closets) in accordance with Articles 110-16,110-17, and 110-18 of the National Electrical Code, ANSI/NFPA 70.•Connect equipment to a DC supply source (reliably earthed)that is electrically isolated from the AC source.•Directly connect the equipment chassis to the DC supply sys-tem-grounding electrode conductor or a bonding jumper froma grounding terminal bar (or bus) that is connected to the DCsupply system grounding electrode conductor.•Contain equipment that has a connection between thegrounded conductor of the same DC supply circuit, thegrounding conductor, and also the point of grounding of theDC system in the same immediate area. Do not ground theequipment elsewhere.•Locate the DC supply source within the same premises as theequipment.•Route away and secure all DC input wiring from sharp edgesto prevent chaffing as well as provide strain relief.•Provide a readily accessible disconnect device and protectivedevice a fixed wiring for a DC power supply suitable for thespecified rated voltage and current. Disconnect and protectivedevices to be rated 2A Amps maximum.SpecificationsRegulatory NoticesThis product complies with the following standards:Electromagnetic Emissions•FCC Part 15 Class B -- See Also: Declaration of Conformity•EN55022 Class B•EN61000-3-2 and EN61000-3-3•VCCI Class II•ICES 003 Class B•AS3548Electromagnetic ImmunityEN55024Product Safety•UL 60950•CSA 22.2 No.60950•EN60950•NOMS•AS3260Declaration of ConformityIn accordance with FCC Dockets 96-208 and 95-19Digi International declares that the products:to which this declaration relates, meet the requirements specifiedby the Federal Communications Commission as detailed in thefollowing specifications:•Part 15, Subpart B, for Class B Equipment•FCC Docket 96-208 as it applies to Computers andPeripheralsThe products listed have been tested at an External TestLaboratory certified per FCC rules and have been found to meetthe FCC, Part 15, Class B, Emission Limits. Documentation is onfile and available from the Digi International HomologationDepartment.ICES 003 Class BThis digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radionoise emissions from digital apparatus set out in the RadioInterference Regulations of the Canadian Department ofCommunications.Le present appareil numerique n'emet pas de bruitsradioelectriques depassant les limites applicables aux appareilsnumeriques de la class B prescrites dans le Reglement sur lebrouillage radioelectrique edicte par le ministere desCommunications du Canada.Copyright © 2001, 2002 Digi International Inc. All RightsReserved. DisclaimerThis manual may contain inaccurate or erroneous information. This manual issubject to change at any time. This manual, including all information containedherein, is provided “as is” without warranty of any kind, either express or implied,including, but not limited to, any implied warrantees of merchantability or fitnessfor particular purpose. Digi International Inc. makes no representations,warranties, or commitments with regard to any data or information contained inthis manual. If you rely on data or information contained in this manual, suchreliance is at your own risk.To set up...See...An IP address•The web interface and associated helpNote: The initial IP address cannot be set upwith the web interface.•The set config command in the online Com-mand Reference•The section on configuring the Ethernetinterface in the online Configuration andAdministration Guideautoconnection •The web interface and associated help•The set user and set ports commands in theonline Command Reference•The section on configuring autoconnection inthe online Configuration and AdministrationGuideDPA - Remote•The online Digi Port Authority - RemoteDevice Monitor Setup GuideMenus•The web interface and associated help•The set menu command in the online Com-mand ReferencePorts •The web interface and associated help•The set ports, set flow, and set line com-mands in the online Command Reference•The sections on configuring ports forRealPort, modems, terminals, and printers inthe online Configuration and AdministrationGuidePort Buffering•The web interface and associated help•The set buffers commands in the onlineCommand Reference•The section on Console Management in theonline Configuration and AdministrationGuidePPP•The web interface and associated help•The set user command in the online Com-mand Reference•The PPP section in the Configuration andAdministration GuideRealPort•The web interface and associated help•The set ports command in the online Com-mand Reference•The online RealPort librarySSH•The web interface and associated help•The set user command in the online Com-mand Reference•The sections on Security Features and Con-sole Management in the online Configurationand Administration GuideSNMP agent •The set snmp command in the online Com-mand Reference•The section on configuring the SNMP agentin the onlineConfiguration and Administra-tion GuideUsers•The web interface and associated help •The set user and newpass commands in the online Command Reference•The section on configuring users in the Con-figuration and Administration GuidePower Requirements•16-Port Desktop•16-Port Rack (AC)115-230 VAC,50-60 Hz, .8A maxinternal power supply•16-Port Rack (DC)36-72 VDC, .45 A at 48 VDC maxTerminations:•+ = Source•- = Reference• = Earth groundThe terminal lug must be attachedto a suitable earth ground for safeoperation.EnvironmentalAmbient temperature60°F (15.6°C) to 90°F (32.2°C)Relative humidity20% to 80% non-condensingAltitude0 to 7,000 feet (0 to 2,134 meters)Mechanical16-Port Rack Width: 16.8 inches (42.672 cm)Height: 1.6 inches (4.064 cm)Depth: 6.5 inches (16.510 cm)Weight: 3.75 pounds (1.701 kg)16-Port Desktop Width: 13.5 inches (34.290 cm)Height: 1.375 inches (3.493 cm)Depth: 6.5 inches (16.510 cm)Weight: 3 pounds (1.360 kg)Manufacturer's Name: Digi International Inc.Corporate Headquarters: 11001 Bren Road EastMinnetonka MN 55343Manufacturing Headquarters: 10000 West 76th StreetEden Prairie MN 55344Product Name Model #PortServer TS 16 DesktopPortServer TS 16 Rack ACPortServer TS 16 Rack DC700017337000174270001747See list of product names andmodel numbers.Tested to Comply with FCCStandardsFOR HOME OR OFFICE USE。
paco 0.4.2 软件说明书
Package‘paco’October14,2022Version0.4.2Date2020-08-19Title Procrustes Application to Cophylogenetic AnalysisDescription Procrustes analyses to infer co-phylogeneticmatching between pairs of phylogenetic trees.Author Juan Antonio Balbuena<******************>,Timothee Poisot<****************>,Matthew Hutchinson<*****************************>,Fernando Cagua<*****************>;see PLoS ONE Balbuena et al2013<https:///10.1371/journal.pone.0061048>Maintainer Matthew Hutchinson<*****************************>Depends R(>=3.0.0)Imports vegan(>=2.2-0),ape,plyrSuggests testthatNote The current version(0.4.2)fixes a numerical issue withsymmetric implementation of the paco_links function.License MIT+file LICENSEURL https://www.uv.es/cophylpaco/Encoding UTF-8RoxygenNote7.1.1NeedsCompilation noRepository CRANDate/Publication2020-08-2518:10:02UTCR topics documented:add_pcoord (2)gl_links (3)gophertree (3)licetree (3)PACo (4)12add_pcoord paco_links (5)prepare_paco_data (6)residuals_paco (7)Index8 add_pcoord Principal Coordinates analysis of phylogenetic distance matricesDescriptionTranslates the distance matrices of’host’and’parasite’phylogenies into Principal Coordinates,as needed for Procrustes superimposition.Usageadd_pcoord(D,correction="none")ArgumentsD A list with objects H,P,and HP,as returned by paco::prepare_paco_data.correction In some cases,phylogenetic distance matrices are non-Euclidean which gen-erates negative eigenvalues when those matrices are translated into PrincipalCoordinates.There are several methods to correct negative eigenvalues.Cor-rection options available here are"cailliez","lingoes",and"none".The"cail-liez"and"lingoes"corrections add a constant to the eigenvalues to make themnon-negative.Default is"none".ValueThe list that was input as the argument‘D’with four new elements;the Principal Coordinates of the‘host’distance matrix and the Principal Coordinates of the‘parasite’distance matrix,as well as, a‘correction’object stating the correction used for negative eigenvalues and a‘note’object stating whether or not negative eigenvalues were present and therefore corrected.NoteTofind the Principal Coordinates of each distance matrix,we internally a modified version of the function ape::pcoa that uses vegan::eigenvals and zapsmallExamplesdata(gopherlice)library(ape)gdist<-cophenetic(gophertree)ldist<-cophenetic(licetree)D<-prepare_paco_data(gdist,ldist,gl_links)D<-add_pcoord(D)gl_links3 gl_links Gopher-lice interactionsDescriptionOne part of example data.The associations between pocket gophers and their chewing lice ectopar-asites.Usagedata(gopherlice)gophertree Gopher phylogenyDescriptionOne part of example data.The phylogeny of pocket gophers.Usagedata(gopherlice)licetree Lice phylogenyDescriptionOne part of example data.The phylogeny of chewing lice.Usagedata(gopherlice)4PACo PACo Performs PACo analysis.DescriptionTwo sets of Principal Coordinates are superimposed by Procrustes superimposition.The sum of squared residuals of this superimposition give an indication of how congruent the two datasets are.For example,in a biological system the two sets of Principal Coordinates can be composed from the phylogenetic distance matrices of two interacting groups.The congruence measured by PACo indicates how concordant the two phylogenies are based on observed ecological interactions between them.UsagePACo(D,nperm=1000,seed=NA,method="r0",symmetric=FALSE,proc.warnings=TRUE,shuffled=FALSE)ArgumentsD A list of class paco as returned by paco::add_pcoord which includes PrincipalCoordinates for both phylogenetic distance matrices.nperm The number of permutations to run.In each permutation,the network is ran-domized following the method argument and phylogenetic congruence betweenphylogenies is reassessed.seed An integer with which to begin the randomizations.If the same seed is used the randomizations will be the same and results reproducible.If NA a random seedis chosen.method The method with which to permute association matrices:"r0","r1","r2","c0", "swap","quasiswap","backtrack","tswap","r00".Briefly,"r00"produces theleast conservative null model as it only maintains totalfill(i.e.,total numberof interactions)."r0"and"c0"maintain the row sums and column sums,re-spectively,as well as the total number of interactions."backtracking"and anyof the"swap"algorithms conserve the total number of interactions in the ma-trix,as well as both row and column sums.Finally,"r1"and"r2"conserve therow sums,the total number of interactions,and randomize based on observedinteraction frequency.See vegan::commsim for more details.symmetric Logical.Whether or not to use the symmetric Procrustes statistic,or not.When TRUE,the symmetric statistic is used.When FALSE,the asymmetric is used.Adecision on which to use is based on whether one group is assumed to track theevolution of the other,or not.paco_links5 proc.warnings Logical.Make any warnings from the Procrustes superimposition callable.If TRUE,any warnings are viewable with the warnings()command.If FALSE,warnings are internally suppressed.Default is TRUEshuffled Logical.Return the Procrustes sum of squared residuals for every permutation of the network.When TRUE,the Procrustes statistic of all permutations is returnedas a vector.When FALSE,they are not returned.ValueA paco object that now includes(alongside the Principal Coordinates and input distance matrices)the PACo sum of sqaured residuals,a p-value for this statistic,and the PACo statistics for each randomisation of the network if shuffled=TRUE in the PACo call.NoteAny call of PACo in which the distance matrices have differing dimensions(i.e.,different num-bers of tips of the two phylogenies)will produce warnings from the vegan::procrustes function.These warnings require no action by the user but are merely letting the user know that,as the distance matrices had differing dimensions,their Principal Coordinates have differing numbers of columns.vegan::procrustes deals with this internally by adding columns of zeros to the smaller of the two until the are the same size.Examplesdata(gopherlice)require(ape)gdist<-cophenetic(gophertree)ldist<-cophenetic(licetree)D<-prepare_paco_data(gdist,ldist,gl_links)D<-add_pcoord(D)D<-PACo(D,nperm=10,seed=42,method="r0")print(D$gof)paco_links Contribution of individual linksDescriptionUses a jackknife procedure to perform bias correction on procrustes residuals(i.e.interactions)that are indicative of the degree to which individual interactions are more supportive of a hypothesis of phylogenetic congruence than others.Interactions are iteratively removed,the globalfit of the two phylogenies is reassessed and bias in observed residuals calculated and corrected.Usagepaco_links(D,.parallel=FALSE,proc.warnings=TRUE)6prepare_paco_dataArgumentsD A list of class paco as returned by paco::PACo..parallel If TRUE,calculate the jackknife contribution in parallel using the backend pro-vided by foreach.proc.warnings As in PACo.If TRUE,any warnings produced by internal calls of paco::PACo will be available for the user to view.If FALSE,warnings are internally sup-pressed.ValueThe input list of class paco with the added object jackknife which contains the bias-corrected resid-ual for each link.Examplesdata(gopherlice)require(ape)gdist<-cophenetic(gophertree)ldist<-cophenetic(licetree)D<-prepare_paco_data(gdist,ldist,gl_links)D<-add_pcoord(D)D<-PACo(D,nperm=10,seed=42,method="r0")D<-paco_links(D)prepare_paco_data Prepares the data(distance matrices and association matrix)for PACoanalysisDescriptionSimple wrapper to make sure that the matrices are sorted accordingly and to group them together into a paco object(effectively a list)that is then passed to the remaining steps of PACo analysis.Usageprepare_paco_data(H,P,HP)ArgumentsH Host distance matrix.This is the distance matrix upon which the other will besuperimposed.We term this the host matrix in reference to the original cophy-logeny studies between parasites and their hosts,where parasite evolution wasthought to track host evolution hence why the parasite matrix is superimposedon the host.P Parasite distance matrix.The distance matrix that will be superimposed on the host matrix.As mentioned above,this is the group that is assumed to track theevolution of the other.HP Host-parasite association matrix,hosts in rows.This should be a binary matrix.If host species aren’t in the rows,the matrix will be translated internally.residuals_paco7ValueA list with objects H,P,HP to be passed to further functions for PACo analysis.Examplesdata(gopherlice)library(ape)gdist<-cophenetic(gophertree)ldist<-cophenetic(licetree)D<-prepare_paco_data(gdist,ldist,gl_links)residuals_paco Return Procrustes residuals from a paco objectDescriptionTakes the Procrustes object from vegan::procrustes of the global superimpostion and pulls outeither the residual matrix of superimposition or the residual of each individual interaction(linkbetween host and parasite).Usageresiduals_paco(object,type="interaction")Argumentsobject An obejct of class procrustes as returned from PACo(and internally the vegan::procrustes function).In a PACo output this is D\$proc.type Character string.Whether the whole residual matrix(matrix)or the residualsper interaction(interaction)is desired.ValueIf type=interaction,a named vector of the Procrustes residuals is returned where names are theinteractions.If type=matrix,a matrix of residuals from Procrustes superimposition is returned.Examplesdata(gopherlice)library(ape)gdist<-cophenetic(gophertree)ldist<-cophenetic(licetree)D<-prepare_paco_data(gdist,ldist,gl_links)D<-add_pcoord(D,correction= cailliez )D<-PACo(D,nperm=100,seed=42,method= r0 )residuals_paco(D$proc)Index∗datasetsgl_links,3gophertree,3licetree,3add_pcoord,2gl_links,3gophertree,3licetree,3PACo,4paco_links,5prepare_paco_data,6residuals_paco,78。
linux中pmap命令详解
linux中pmap命令详解通过查看帮助，返回了如下信息：Usage: pmap [options] pid [pid ...]Options:-x, --extended show details-X show even more detailsWARNING: format changes according to /proc/PID/smaps-XX show everything the kernel provides-c, --read-rc read the default rc-C, --read-rc-from=<file> read the rc from file-n, --create-rc create new default rc-N, --create-rc-to=<file> create new rc to fileNOTE: pid arguments are not allowed with -n, -N-d, --device show the device format-q, --quiet do not display header and footer-p, --show-path show path in the mapping-A, --range=<low>[,<high>] limit results to the given range-h, --help display this help and exit -V, --version output version information and exitFor more details see pmap(1).然后列出某个进程(PID:8868)的信息时如下：pmap -x 8868Address Kbytes RSS Dirty Mode Mapping00007f789ec2d000 1668 1384 0 r-x-- libc-2.19.so00007f789edce000 2048 0 0 ----- libc-2.19.so00007f789efce000 16 16 16 r---- libc-2.19.so00007f789efd2000 8 8 8 rw--- libc-2.19.so00000000020e0000 4008 4008 4008 rw--- [ anon ]00007f787c000000 132 24 24 rw--- [ anon ]00007f787c021000 65404 0 0 ----- [ anon ]00007f7880000000 132 12 12 rw--- [ anon ]00007f7880021000 65404 0 0 ----- [ anon ]00007f7884000000 148 92 92 rw--- [ anon ]00007f7884025000 65388 0 0 ----- [ anon ]以上列表项的含义如下:Address: 内存分配地址Kbytes: 实际分配的内存⼤⼩RSS: 程序实际占⽤的内存⼤⼩Mapping: 分配该内存的模块的名称总结以上所述是⼩编给⼤家介绍的linux中 pmap 命令详解，希望对⼤家有所帮助，如果⼤家有任何疑问请给我留⾔，⼩编会及时回复⼤家的。
PMA简易使用说明
PMA简易使用说明PMA作为模拟主站常用的工具，平时接电话的过程中发现有些工程同事还不太会用，所以写了这个简单说明。
介绍一下使用的步骤和一些常用的设置。
1.选择规约：2.规约参数设置：（1）104规约中需要设置主站和从站IP地址，端口号默认十进制2404.两个地址要是同一网段，不能经过路由。
公共地址要跟远动配置中一致，不然初始化后发送总召唤报文远动装置不回复。
（2）101规约中要设置链路地址和公共地址，与远动配置中一致，传输原因、公共地址和信息体地址长度要与远动一致，一般默认即可。
3：选择模拟主站4:连接示选择100，即ASDU100，其它默认即可。
6．常用报文发送菜单介绍：（1）单点遥控，对应ASDU45，发送时设置信息体地址（点号、10进制）和选择分合即可下发预置，回复成功后会弹出执行菜单。
（2）双点遥控，对应ASDU46，设置与单点遥控相同。
（3）设置归一化值，遥调下发归一化值（整数）功能，对应ASDU48，也叫设点命令，发送时设置信息体地址（点号、10进制）和设点值即可。
（4）遥调下发浮点数没有设置专门的菜单，可在更多报文发送中选择类型标示为50，即ASDU50，设置信息体地址（点号，10进制）和STD（设点值、16进制、四字节）。
QOS为预置和执行的选择，80是预置，00是执行，直接发执行远动是可以处理的，所以默认00即可。
对于16进制的设点值，可以在watchbug中转换。
注意：watchbug 中字节间有空格，PMA中没有。
（5）对于菜单中的遥调，那个实际上是ASDU47的档位升降命令，不要使用。
对于PMA 的模拟子站功能，因为还没有详细的用过，目前能确认模拟子站的功能可以使用，具体的使用方法后续再补充。
试图找到泄漏！对于pmap来说，anon意味着什么？
试图找到泄漏！对于pmap来说，anon意味着什么？问题I'm trying to locate where my memory has gone for a java process running in linux. Someone suggested I use pmap -x to see exactly what the memory is doing.The output is really long but basically a good portion of it is a repeat of this:00007fbf75f6a000 1016 - - - rwx-- [ anon ]00007fbf76068000 12 - - - ----- [ anon ]What exactly does this mean? Why do I have so many entries of this (4000+)?解决方案Anon blocks are "large" blocks allocated via malloc or mmap -- see the manpages. As such, they have nothing to do with the Java heap (other than the fact that the entire heap should be stored in just such a block).In my experience, thread stacks also use anon blocks. If you see a lot of anon blocks that all have the same size, and that size is 512k to 4Mb (the example below is repeated over a dozen times for a Tomcat process that I have running), that's the likely cause. Depending on the program, you may have up to a few dozen of these; if you're seeing thousands, it means you have a problem with threading.b089f000 504K rwx-- [ anon ]b091d000 12K ----- [ anon ]b0920000 504K rwx-- [ anon ]b099e000 12K ----- [ anon ]b09a1000 504K rwx-- [ anon ]b0a1f000 12K ----- [ anon ]But that leaves a question: why are you using pmap to diagnose a Java memory issue?。
pmap参数
pmap参数pmap（process map）参数是UNIX系统中的一个命令，用于显示进程的内存映射关系，以及进程虚拟地址空间的使用情况。
通过使用pmap参数，可以深入了解进程的内存使用情况，帮助进行内存性能分析和优化。
本文将详细介绍pmap参数的用法和功能，并提供一些示例，以帮助读者更好地理解和利用pmap命令。
一、pmap命令概述pmap命令是UNIX和类UNIX系统（如Linux）提供的一个工具，用于显示进程的内存映射关系。
它可以列出进程使用的内存区域、权限、偏移量等详细信息，帮助用户了解进程的内存使用情况。
pmap命令的基本语法如下：pmap [options] [pid]其中，选项-x表示以16进制形式显示内存地址；选项-d表示以10进制形式显示内存地址；选项-q表示以八进制形式显示内存地址；选项-A表示以ASCII字符形式显示内存内容。
二、pmap参数的使用2.1 显示进程的内存映射关系使用pmap命令的最基本用法是直接执行pmap pid，其中pid为进程的ID。
示例：pmap 1234执行该命令后，将显示进程ID为1234的进程的内存映射关系，包括起始地址、结束地址、权限等信息。
2.2 显示内存地址的十六进制形式使用选项-x可以以十六进制形式显示内存地址。
示例：pmap -x 12342.3 显示内存地址的十进制形式使用选项-d可以以十进制形式显示内存地址。
示例：pmap -d 12342.4 显示内存地址的八进制形式使用选项-q可以以八进制形式显示内存地址。
示例：pmap -q 12342.5 显示内存内容的ASCII字符形式使用选项-A可以以ASCII字符形式显示内存内容。
示例：pmap -A 1234三、pmap参数的实际应用pmap命令在系统性能分析和调优过程中非常有用。
通过pmap参数的不同组合，可以获取关于进程内存使用的详细信息，有助于分析并优化内存性能。
以下是一些实际应用场景：3.1 确定进程的内存使用情况通过执行pmap pid可以查看进程的内存映射关系，从而了解进程的内存使用情况，包括内存区域起始地址、结束地址、权限等信息。
pmap用法小计
参考
【2】man pmap
Hale Waihona Puke resident set size, the non-swapped physical memory that a task has used, (alias rssize, rsz)
proportional set size, composed by the private memory of that process plus the proportion of shared memory with one or more other processes. Unshared memory including the proportion of shared memory is reported as the PSS
选项
选项 -x, --extended -d, --device -q, --quiet -A, --range low,high -X
-XX -p, --show-path -c, --read-rc -C, --read-rc-from file -n, --create-rc -N, --create-rc-to file -h, --help -V, --version
示例
1、一个最简单的c程序以静态编译后的pmap int main(void) { while(1); return 0; }
其中，第一列表示虚拟空间地址，第二列表示该项在虚拟空间中占用的大小，第三列表示权限，第四列表示该项名称（anon是佚名的）。 2、-x选项
3、-d选项
4、-X选项
名词解释
RSS PSS
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检测到无法识别的AP，请升级AP数据库
检测到⽆法识别的AP，请升级AP数据库
0x00 事件
原因是公司新增了两个 AP 设备 TL-AP1202i ，似乎是新的 AP 硬件版本⽐较⾼，导致 AC ⽆法识别，控制器 Web 页⾯给出 检测到⽆法识别的AP，请升级AP数据库！ 的提⽰，点击之后跳转到 tp-link 的官⽅下载中⼼，也没说下载哪个⽂件……
刚开始下载了 ap_db_cn_1.0.9.bin AP 数据库导⼊ AC，然⽽并没有什么⽤，试了下其他版本的 AP 数据库，依然显⽰请升级数据库的错误。
0x01 解决
咨询了官⽹公众号的 在线客服 的⼈⼯客服，默认是机器⼈，发送 ⼈⼯服务 , 会转接到⼈⼯客服。
客服询问了 AC 的软硬件版本后，发了个，让升级 AC 软件。
升级前 AC 版本：
软件版本：
1.2.2 Build 20160104 Rel.44141s
硬件版本：
TL-AC200 v2.0
升级后 AC 版本：
软件版本：
2.0.3 Build 20171123 Rel.58653s
硬件版本：
TL-AC200 v2.0
升级完成后，顺利将新 AP 检测并添加上。