对外贸易常用词汇 1
外贸业务中常用词汇
外贸业务中常用词汇1、Bill of Lading 提单2、Freight prepaid运费预付_3、Freight collect运费到付(买方付运费)4、Sales Con tract合同5、In sura nee 保险6、Invoice 发票7、Discount打折,减价8、Exchange rate 汇率9、Con sig nee 收货人10、commison 佣金11、T/T 电汇12、T/T 30% deposit:电汇30%定金;13、Irrevocable Letter of Credit 不可撤销信用证14、open bidding 公开招标15、Letter of Guarantee 保证书装箱单 pack ing list 形式发票 proforma invoice 商业发票 commercial invoice 分期付款 payme nt by in stallme nt 付款交单 D/P (Docume nt agai nst Payme nt) 承兑交单 D/A _(document against acceptanc ) EXW 出厂价 Book ing form 海运订舱单 Deposit 订单 POL Port of loadi ng :装运港; POD Port of Discharge : 卸货港; Shipping documents :货运单据; ETD 是指估计离港时间(estimated time of departure ). ETA 是指估计到港时间(estimated time of arrival )。
QC: quality control 质量控制 QA: quality assura nee 质量保证16、17、1819、20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、2829、30、31、32、装箱单pack ing listLCL: 拼箱装货less than container load33、FCL: 整箱装货full than container load 34、ORC: original receive charges 货物去欧洲国家的码头操作费35、THC: Terminal Handling Charge -集装箱码头装卸作业费36、C/O: certificate of origin 原产地证书37、DDP : Delivered Duty Paid ( destination) 。
外贸词汇总结
外贸常用词语和术语inquiry 询盘1. general inquiry 一般询盘2. specific inquiry 具体询盘3. dealer 商人4. quotation 报价5. sales department 销售部6. purchase 购买7. enquiry 询价8. quote 开价9. sample 样品10. a long-term contractt 长期合同11. discount 折扣12. grant 批准13. to make an inquiry for sth 对某物询价14. to keep the inquiry on file 把询价记录在卷15. to inquiry for sth 对某物询价16. to inquiry about sth 询问某事17. process 加工18. guarantee, guarantor 保证, 保证人19. delivery 交货20. port of delivery 交货港21. time of delivery 交货期22. prompt delivery 即期交货23. to effect delivery 办理交货24. to make delivery 办理交货25. to postpone delivery 推迟交货26. to deliver sth to sb 把某物交付给某人27. shipment 装船28. to make shipment 装船29. to receive shipment 接货30. partial shipment 分批装船31. prompt shipment 即期装运32. time of shipment 装运期33. offer 报盘报价34. a firm offer 实盘35. a counter offer 还盘36. to accept an offer 接受报盘37. to extend an offer 延长报盘38. to renew an offer 更新报盘39. to withdraw an offer 撤消报盘40. the validity of an offer 报盘有效期41. to make an offer 报价42. to offer firm 报实盘43. to offer subject to final confirmation 报盘以最后确认为准44. specialize in 专门经营第四期:Counter offer 还盘1. counter offer 还盘2. enjoy great popularity 享有盛誉3. ready seller; quick seller; quick-selling product 畅销品4. conclude business with sb. 与某人达成交易5. close business, close a deal , close a transaction, close a bargain 达成交易6. trade terms 贸易条件7. trade agreement 贸易协定8. trade fair 交易会9. trade mark 商标10. foreign trade对外贸易11 trade in sth 经营某物12. trade with sb.与某人交易13. favourable price 优惠价格14. favourable terms 优惠条件15. quotation 行情16. discount quotation 贴现行情17. exchange rate quotation外汇行情18. commission 佣金19. a commission of....%; ....% commission.百分之几佣金20. your ..% commission你的百分之几佣金21. The above price includes your commission of 2%.上述价格包括你方2%佣金.22. general practice 惯例23. accept an order 接受订单24. cancel an order 撤消订单25. confirm an order 确认订单26. execute an order 履行订单27. a back order 尚未执行的订单28. a fresh order 新订单29. a repeat order 续订订单1.accredited 隶属2.adjusted liabilities 经调整负债3.advertisement 广告4.advising on corporate finance 就机构融资提供意见5.advising on futures contracts 就期货合约提供意见6.advising on securities 就证券提供意见7.Advisory Committee 咨询委员会8.agents 代理人9.aggregate gross foreign currency position 合计外币总持仓量10.agreement 协议11.agreement in writing 书面协议12.amount of margin required to be deposited 按规定须存放的保证金数额13.ancillary stabilizing action 附带稳定价格行动14.appeal panel 上诉委员会15.applicant 申请人16.application 申请17.application for review 复核申请18.appointed day 指定日期19.approved bank incorporated outside Hong Kong 法团的银行以外成立为核准的在香港20approved credit rating agency 核准信贷评级机构21.approved custodian 核准保管人22.approved futures exchange 核准期货交易所23.approved introducing agent 核准介绍代理人24.approved investment adviser 认可投资顾问25.approved lending agent 核准借出代理人26.approved person 核准人士27.approved redeemable shares 核准可赎回股份28.approved regional exchange 认可地区性交易所29.approved securities borrowing and lending counterparty 核准证券借贷对手方30.approved share registrar 认可股份登记员31.approved standby subordinated loan facility 核准备用后偿贷款融通32.approved stock exchange 核准证券交易所33.approved subordinated loan 核准后偿贷款34.arbitration panel 仲裁小组35.arbitrator 仲裁人36.articles 章程细则37.asset management 资产管理38.associate 有联系者39.associated corporation 相联法团40.associated entity 有联系实体41.associated person 相联者42.audit working papers 审计工作材料43.auditor 核数师44.authorized ATS provider 认可自动化交易服务提供者45.authorized automated trading services 认可自动化交易服务46.authorized financial institution 认可财务机构47.authorized mutual fund 认可互惠基金48.authorized person 获授权人49.authorized representative 获授权代表50.authorized unit trust 认可单位信托51.automated trading service provider 自动化交易服务提供者52.automated trading services 自动化交易服务53.average monthly turnover 平均每月成交额54.back-to-back contract 背对背合约55.balance 结余56.bank 银行57.bank incorporated outside Hong Kong 法团的银行地方成立为在香港以外58.banker 银行59.banker's book 银行簿册60.basic amount 基本数额61.basic information 基本数据62.bilateral netting agreement 双边净额结算协议63.blanket assurance 概括性保证64.body 团体65.bond broker 债券经纪66.bond dealer 债券交易商67.books 簿册68.borrow 借用安排69.broadcast 广播70.broadcaster 广播业者71.broker 经纪72.business day 营业日73.calculation 有关计算74.call 造访75.capital account 资本帐76.cash settled equity derivatives 现金结算股本衍生工具77.CE number 中央编号78.certificate of deposit 存款证79.chairman 主席80.charge 押记81.chief executive 最高行政人员82.claimant 申索人83.Claims Rules 《申索规则》84.clearing house 结算所85.clearing participant 结算所参与者86.clerk 书记87.client 客户88.client assets 客户资产89.client collateral 客户抵押品90.client contract 客户合约91.client money 客户款项92.client securities 客户证券93.client securities and collateral 客户证券及抵押品94.closing date 截止日期95.codes 守则96.collateral 抵押品97.collateralized warrants 有抵押权证98.collective investment scheme 集体投资计划mission 证监会;监察委员会mission 佣金missioner of the Independent Commission Against Corruption 廉政专员mon client 共同客户panies inspector 公司审查员pany 公司pensation 赔偿pensation fund 赔偿基金plaints officer 投诉主任pletion 完成109.concentration discounting factor 集中折扣系数110.conditional offer 有条件要约111.conduct 行为112.constitution 章程113.contract multiplier 合约乘数114.controller 控制人115.controlling entity 控权实体116.controlling entity relationship 控权实体关系117.controlling person 控权人士118.corporate finance adviser, corporate finance consultant 机构融资顾问119.corporation 法团120.court 法庭;法院121.credit union 储蓄互助社122.criminal investigatory body 刑事调查机构123.currency futures contract 货币期货合约124.custodian 保管人125.custodian statement 保管人结单126.data material 数据材料127.dealing 交易128.dealing in futures contracts 期货合约交易129.dealing in securities 证券交易130.debenture 债权证131.debt securities 债务证券132.defalcation 亏空133.default 违责134.default proceedings 违责处理程序135.default rules 违责处理规则136.defaulter 违责者137.deliver 交付138.depositary receipt 寄存单据139.deputy chairman 副主席140.derivative contract 衍生工具合约150.derivatives 衍生工具151.digital signature 数码签署152.director 董事153.dispute 争议154.disqualification order 取消资格令155.document.nbsp 文件156.duty of disclosure 披露责任157.employee 雇员158.equity derivatives 股本衍生工具159.equity linked instruments 股票挂钩票据160.equity securities 权益证券161.equivalent corporation 等同法团162.equivalent shares 相等股份163.every officer of it who is in default 其每名违责的高级人员164.Exchange Company 交易所公司165.exchange contract 交易所合约166.Exchange Fund 外汇基金167.Exchange Fund Bill 外汇基金票据168.Exchange Fund Note 外汇基金债券169.exchange participant 交易所参与者170.exchange participant's representative 交易所参与者代表171.exchange traded fund 交易所买卖基金172.exchange traded funds market maker 交易所买卖基金庄家173.excluded clients 豁除客户174.excluded interests 豁除权益175.excluded liabilities 豁除负债176.excluded person 豁除人士177.executive 执行人员178.executive director 执行董事179.executive officer 主管人员180.exempted body 获豁免团体;豁免团体181.existing client 原有客户182.expert 专家183.fee 费用184.financial accommodation 财务通融185.financial product 金融产品186.financial resources rule 财政资源规则187.financial statement 财务报表188.financial year 财政年度189.first public announcement date 首次公开宣告日期190.floating losses 浮动亏损191.floating profits 浮动利润192.foreign currency 外币193.foreign exchange agreement 外汇协议194.foreign exchange trading 外汇交易195.foreign intermediary 外地中介人196.former associated entity of an intermediary 中介人的前有联系实体197.former licensed corporation 前持牌法团198.founder 成立人199.fraudulent misrepresentation 欺诈的失实陈述200.free delivery basis 信用交付形式201.function 职能202.futures adviser 期货顾问203.futures broker 期货经纪204.futures consultant 期货顾问205.futures contract 期货合约206.futures dealer 期货交易商207.Futures Exchange Company 期交所208.Futures Exchange Compensation Fund 期交所赔偿基金209.futures market 期货市场210.Futures Market Maker 期货庄家211.futures non-clearing dealer 期货非结算交易商212.futures or options clearing house 期货或期权结算所213.GEM 创业板214.gross foreign currency position 外币总持仓量215.group of companies 公司集团216.guaranteed 作出担保217.guilty of misconduct 犯失当行为218.haircut amount 扣减数额219.haircut percentage 扣减百分率220.HKEC 交易结算公司221.HKFECC 期货结算公司222.HKIAC 仲裁中心223.HKSCC 香港结算公司224.hold 持有225.holding company 控股公司226.Hong Kong Exchange Fund 香港外汇基金227.Hong Kong register 香港登记册228.incorporated 成立;成立为法团229.indirect controller 间接控制人rmation 信息;资料;消息rmation system 信息系统232.initial margin requirement 规定开仓保证金233.initial stabilizing action 初步稳定价格行动234.initial stabilizing price 初步稳定价格235.insider dealing 内幕交易236.inspector 审查员237.Insurance Authority 保险业监督238.insurer 保险人239.interest 权益240.interest rate swap agreement 掉期息率协议241.intermediary 中介人242.in-the-money amount 价内值243.investigator 调查员244.investment manager 投资经理245.Investor Compensation Company 投资者赔偿公司246.invitation 邀请247.issue 发出248.issued equity share capital 已发行权益股本249.issuer 发行人250.judge 法官251.judicial or other proceedings 司法或其它法律程序w of insolvency 破产清盘法253.legal officer 律政人员254.lender 借出人255.leveraged foreign exchange contract 杠杆式外汇交易合约256.leveraged foreign exchange trader 杠杆式外汇交易商257.leveraged foreign exchange trading 杠杆式外汇交易258.levy 征费259.licence 牌;牌照260.licensed 获发牌;持牌261.licensed corporation 持牌法团262.licensed person 持牌人263.licensed representative 持牌代表264.linked corporation 相连法团265.liquid assets 速动资产266.liquid capital 速动资金267.liquidator 清盘人268.listed 上市269.listed corporation 上市法团270.listed currency warrant 上市货币权证271.listed securities 上市证券272.listing 上市273.listing rules 上市规则274.live broadcast 直播275.Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Authority 积金局276.margin client 保证金客户277.margin lender 证券保证金融资人278.margin ratio 保证金比率279.margin value 保证金价值280.margined transaction 保证金交易281.mark to market 按照市值计算差额282.market capitalization 市场资本值283.market charge 市场押记284.market collateral 市场抵押品285.market contract 市场合约286.market information 市场消息287.market misconduct 市场失当行为288.Market Misconduct Tribunal 市场失当行为审裁处289.market value 市值290.material time 关键时间291.member 成员292.memorandum 章程大纲293.Mini-Hang Seng Index Futures Contract 小型恒生指数期货合约294.Mini-Hang Seng Index Options Contract 小型恒生指数期权合约295.minor 未成年296.minor offence 轻微罪行297.minority controller 次要控制人298.misconduct 失当行为299.misfeasance 不当行为300.Monetary Authority 金融管理专员301.Monetary Authority guideline 《金融管理专员指引》302.Monetary Authority- appointed Market Maker 金融管理专员委任的庄家303.money laundering activities 洗钱活动304.money lender 放债人305.multilateral agency 多边机构306.mutual fund 互惠基金307.negligent misrepresentation 疏忽的失实陈述 equity 权益净额 position 净持仓量 tangible assets 有形资产净值 underwriting commitment 包销承担净额312.new futures contract 新期货合约313.non-collateralized warrants 非抵押权证314.non-executive director 非执行董事315.note issuance and revolving underwriting facility 票据的发行及循环式包销融通316.notifiable interest 须具报权益317.notifiable percentage level 须具报百分率水平318.notional principal amount 名义本金额319.number 数目320.offer 要约321.offer document.Nbsp 要约文件322.offer price 要约价323.offeree company 要约标的公司324.offeror 要约人325.off-exchange traded derivative contracts 场外买卖衍生工具合约326.off-exchange transaction 场外交易327.officer 高级人员328.Official Receiver 破产管理署署长329.Official Trustee 法定受托人330.off-market share repurchase 场外股份购回331.off-market share repurchase circular 场外股份购回通告332.off-market transaction 场外交易333.Ombudsman 申诉专员334.omnibus account 客户汇集综合账户335.on-exchange transaction 场内交易336.options contract 期权合约337.order 命令338.ordinary member 普通成员339.other collateral 其它抵押品340.out-of-the-money amount 价外值341.overseas company 海外公司342.overseas stock market 海外证券市场343.panel member 上诉委员344.parties 各方345.party 当事一方346.percentage figure 百分率数字347.percentage level 百分率水平348.performance 执行349.period of insurance 保险期350.permanent identity card 永久性居民身分证351.person under investigation 受调查人352.physically settled equity derivatives 实物结算股本衍生工具353.pilot programme 试验计划354.pilot programme market maker 试验计划庄家355.pilot programme securities 试验计划证券356.portfolio 投资组合357.possession 管有358.prescribed country 订明国家359.prescribed event 订明事件360.prescribed fee 订明费用361.prescribed gain 订明收益362.prescribed limit 订明上限363.prescribed manner 订明方式364.prescribed purpose 订明目的365.prescribed requirement 订明规定366.Presenting Officer 提控官367.primary stabilizing action 基本稳定价格行动368.principal 主事人369.Privacy Commissioner for Personal Data 私隐专员370.proceedings 研讯程序371.professional accountant 专业会计师372.professional investor 专业投资者373.prohibited person 受禁制人士374.property 财产375.prospectus 招股章程376.public 公众;大众377.public announcement 公开宣告378.purchase 买;购买379.qualified corporation 合资格法团380.qualified lender 合资格借出人381.qualified overseas scheme 合资格海外计划382.qualified shares 合资格股份383.qualifying client 合资格客户384.qualifying credit rating 合资格信贷评级385.qualifying debt securities 合资格债务证券386.ranking liabilities 认可负债387.recipient 接收人388.reckless misrepresentation 罔顾实情的失实陈述389.recognized certificate 认可证书390.recognized certification authority 认可核证机关391.recognized clearing house 认可结算所392.recognized counterparty 认可对手方393.recognized exchange company 认可交易所394.recognized exchange controller 认可控制人395.recognized futures market 认可期货市场396.recognized investor compensation company 认可投资者赔偿公司397.recognized occupational retirement scheme 认可职业退休计划398.recognized stock market 认可证券市场399.record 纪录400.redeemable shares 可赎回股份401.register of companies 公司登记册402.register of directors' and chief executives' interests and short positions 董事及最高行政人员权益及淡仓登记册403.register of interests in shares and short positions 股份权益及淡仓登记册404.registered 注册405.registered company 注册公司406.registered institution 注册机构407.Registrar of Companies 公司注册处处长408.registration 注册409.regulated activity 受规管活动410.regulated function 受规管职能411.regulated investment agreement 受规管投资协议402.regulated person 受规管人士403.regulations 规例404.regulatory body 规管机构405.related assets 有连系资产406.relevant agreement 有关协议407.relevant authority 有关当局;监管当局408.relevant authorized automated trading services 有关认可自动化交易服务409.relevant communication 有关通讯410.relevant condition 有关条件411.relevant contract 有关合约412.relevant contravention 违例事件413.relevant corporation 相关法团414.relevant date 有关日期415.relevant event 有关事件416.relevant exchange company 有关交易所公司417.relevant information 有关消息418.relevant market 有关市场419.relevant offer 有关要约420.relevant office-holder 有关人员421.relevant overseas market 有关境外市场422.relevant period 有关期间423.relevant property 有关财产424.relevant provisions 有关条文425.relevant recognized exchange controller 相关认可控制人426.relevant recognized market 有关认可市场427.relevant securities 有关证券428.relevant share capital 有关股本429.relevant shares 有关股份430.relevant time 有关时间431.remittance 转付432.remuneration 报酬433.repealed Ordinance 已废除条例434.repealed Securities Rules 已废除的《证券规则》435.report 报告436.reportable matter 须报告事项437.reportable position 须报告位置438.reporting currency 申报货币439.reporting day 申报日440.reporting period 申报期441.representation 陈述442.representative 代表443.repurchase transaction 回购交易444.required liquid capital 规定速动资金445.required liquid capital deficit 规定速动资金短欠数额446.respondent 答辩人447.responsible officer 负责人员448.review 复核449.rights issue 供股450.Risk Management Committee 风险管理委员会451.rolling balance cash client 滚存结余现金客户452.rules 规章453.ruling 裁定454.Secretary 局长455.securities 证券456.securities adviser 证券顾问457.Securities and Futures Appeals Tribunal 上诉审裁处458.securities and futures industry 证券期货业459.securities and futures market 证券期货市场460.securities borrowing and lending agreement 证券借贷协议461.securities collateral 证券抵押品462.securities consultant 证券顾问463.securities dealer 证券交易商;证券经纪464.securities margin financing 证券保证金融资465.Securities Market Maker 证券庄家466.segregated account 独立账户467.SEOCH 期权结算公司468.served 送达469.service bureau 服务单位470.settlement 交收471.settlement date 交收日期472.shadow director 幕后董事473.share 股份474.share registrar 股份登记员475.Share Repurchase Code 《股份购回守则》476.shareholder controller 股东控制人477.short position 淡仓478.short selling 卖空479.short selling order 卖空指示480.special debt securities 特别债务证券481.specified amount 指明款额482.specified amount requirements 指明数额规定483.specified bank regulator 指明银行规管当局484.specified credit rating 指明信贷评级485.specified debt securities 指明债务证券486.specified decision 指明决定487.specified exchange 指明交易所488.specified futures exchange 指明期货交易所489.specified instrument 指明文书490.specified investments 指明投资项目491.specified jurisdiction 指明司法管辖区492.specified licensed corporation 指明持牌法团493.specified licensing condition 指明发牌条件494.specified percentage level 指明百分率水平495.specified person 指明人士496.specified recipient 指明收受者497.specified risks 指明风险498.specified securities 指明证券499.specified securities or futures contracts 指明证券或期货合约500.specified stock exchange 指明证券交易所501.specified titles 指明称衔502.stabilizing action 稳定价格行动503.stabilizing manager 稳定价格操作人504.stabilizing period 稳定价格期间505.stabilizing price 稳定价格506.standby subordinated loan facility 备用后偿贷款融通507.standing authority 常设授权508.stock adviser 股票顾问509.stock dealer, stockbroker 股票经纪510.Stock Exchange Company 联交所511.stock futures contract 股票期货合约512.stock market 证券市场513.stock options contract 股票期权合约514.stock return 证券交还515.subordinated loan 后偿贷款516.substantial shareholder 大股东517.systems of control 监控系统518.take delivery 提取519.take-over offer 收购要约520.Takeovers Appeal Committee 收购上诉委员会521.Takeovers Code 《收购守则》522.Takeovers Panel 收购委员会523.target corporation 目标法团524.the corporation concerned 有关法团525.title 称衔526.top 3 collateral 首3位抵押品527.top margin client 前列保证金客户528.trade date 交易日期529.trader 交易商530.trading day 交易日531.trading right 交易权532.Tribunal 审裁处533.trust corporation 信托法团534.trustee 受托人535.Type 1 intermediary 第1类中介人536.Type 1 intermediary or representative 第1类中介人或代表537.Type 2 intermediary 第2类中介人538.Type 4 intermediary or representative 第4类中介人或代表539.Type 6 intermediary or representative 第6类中介人或代表540.unconscionable 不合情理541.underlying shares 相关股份542.Unified Exchange 联合交易所543.Unified Exchange Compensation Fund 联交所赔偿基金544.unit trust 单位信托545.unsolicited call 未获邀约的造访546.valid business registration certificate 有效商业登记证547.variable required liquid capital 可变动规定速动资金548.whitewash document.Nbsp 清洗交易文件549.whitewashed offer 清洗交易要约550.written direction 书面指示551.written document.Nbsp 书面文件全国人民代表大会(简称全国人大)National People's Congress (NPC)全国人大代表deputy to the National People's Congress全国人民代表大会主席团the NPC Presidium全国人民代表大会常务委员会the NPC Standing Committee全国人民代表大会常务委员会办公厅the general offices of the NPC Standing Committee 九届全国人大四次会议the Fourth Session of the Ninth National People's Congress九届全国人大五次会议the Fifth Session of the Ninth NPC中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会(简称全国政协)National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)中国政协委员member of the National Committee of CPPCC九届全国政协常委递补委员by-elect members to the Standing Committee of the Ninth CPPCC National Committee中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会常务委员会Standing committee of the National Committee of the CPPCC小组讨论panel discussions/group discussions政府工作报告government's work report宪法修正案amendments to the Constitution新闻发布会press conference全体会议plenary meeting弱势群体disadvantaged groups西电东送transmission of electricity from the western to the eastern region加快经济结构调整accelerate economic restructuring购买力purchasing power城镇社会保障体系urban social security system下岗职工基本生活费subsistence allowances for laid-off workers离退休人员基本养老金basic pensions for retirees特困行业和企业industries and enterprises in dire straits试点项目pilot project抵抗全球经济衰退to combat the global economic slump医疗改革health care reform农村剩余劳动力surplus rural workers年度国家预算annual State budge扩大内需,刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption生计问题bread-and butter issue乡镇企业township enterprises生态建筑ecological construction国有企业state-owned enterprises (SOE)人均国内生产总值per-capita gross domestic product (GDP)国民生产总值gross national product (GNP)"权贵资本主义"(又译裙带资本主义或亲朋好友资本主义) crony capitalism经济房low-cost housing不良贷款non- performing loans起草社会治安法drafting a social security law制定反贪法规anti-corruption legislation资源丰富的内陆地区(指中国西部)the resource-rich hinterland长江流域的生态掩体an ecological shelter along the Yangtze River Valley海峡两岸关系cross-Strait relations基层监督grass-roots supervision西部大开发战略develop-the-west strategy不进则退no progress simply means regression使大多数亏损企业扭亏为盈bring the majority of money-losing firms into the black亏损企业loss-generating enterprises国有企业重组regroup SOEs成长型企业市场(指二板市场)growing enterprise market (GEM)下岗工人基本生活津贴the basic living allowance for laid-off workers隐形就业hidden employment网络公司a web-based economy国家发展计划委员会the State Development Planning Commission费改税改革tax-for-fees reform国库券treasury bonds扩大住房贷款,助学贷款和大件消费品贷款expand housing loans, student loans and major commodity loans债转股debt-to-equity swap剪彩仪式ribbon-cutting ceremonies诸国议会同盟Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU)"十五"计划《纲要》指导方针: 要坚持把发展作为主题;坚持把结构调整作为主线;坚持把改革开放和科技进步作为动力;坚持把提高人民生活水平作为根本出发点;坚持把经济发展和社会发展结合起来。
常用的外贸英语词汇大全
常用的外贸英语词汇大全commerce, trade, trading 贸易inland trade, home trade, domestic trade, internal trade, interior trade 国内贸易international trade 国际贸易cash sale 现货hire-purchase 分期付款购买(美作:installment plan)competition 竞争competitor 竞争者competitive 竞争的unfair competition 不合理竞争dumping profit margin 倾销差价,倾销幅度trademark 商标registered trademark 注册商标registered office, head office 总公司,总店,总部foreign trade, external trade 对外贸易,外贸terms of trade 贸易条件free-trade area 自由贸易区import, importation 进口importer 进口商export, exportation 出口exporter 出口商commercial channels 商业渠道customs 海关customs duty 关税quota 配额,限额item 项目,细目commercial transaction 买卖,交易manufacturer 制造商,制造厂middleman 中间商,经纪人dealer 经销商wholesaler 批发商retailer 零售商tradesman 零售商merchant 商人(英)批发商,(美)零售商concessionaire, licensed dealer 受让人,特许权获得者consumer 消费者,用户client, customer 顾客,客户buyer 买主,买方stocks 存货,库存量purchase 购买,进货sale 销售bulk sale 整批销售,趸售wholesale 批发retail trade 零售业。
对外贸易常用词汇英汉翻译词汇
对外贸易常用词汇英汉翻译词汇随着全球化和经济发展的加速,对外贸易成为了现代国际贸易的重要组成部分。
在进行对外贸易的过程中,我们要使用一些特定的词汇,这些词汇对于出口商和进口商来说都是非常重要的。
因此在这篇文档中,我们将深入探讨对外贸易常用的英汉翻译词汇。
一、支付方式1. Letter of Credit (L/C) 信用证2. Advance Payment 预付款3. Documentary Collection 提单托收4. Open Account 赊销5. Cash Against Documents (CAD) 承兑交单6. Payment in Advance 预付货款二、贸易方式1. Export 出口2. Import 进口3. Cross-border Trade 跨境贸易4. Direct Export 直接出口5. Indirect Export 间接出口6. Counter Trade 对销贸易三、物流方式1. Air Freight 空运2. Sea Freight 海运3. Land Freight 陆运4. Containerization 集装箱运输5. Freight Forwarder 货运代理6. Customs Broker 报关代理7. Port 港口四、贸易术语1. FOB (Free on Board) 离岸价2. CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight) 成本加运费保险价3. EXW (Ex Works) 工厂交货价4. FCA (Free Carrier) 货交承运人价5. DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) 货物到达目的地交关税价6. DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid) 货物到达目的地不交关税价7. Tariff 关税8. Incoterms 国际贸易术语五、贸易文书1. Proforma Invoice 形式发票2. Commercial Invoice 商业发票3. Bill of Lading 提单4. Packing List 装箱单5. Certificate of Origin 原产地证明6. Inspection Certificate 检验证书7. Insurance Policy 保险单六、国际组织1. WTO (World Trade Organization) 世界贸易组织2. IMF (International Monetary Fund) 国际货币基金组织3. World Bank 世界银行4. UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) 联合国贸发会议以上是对外贸易中常用的一些词汇,如果我们能够掌握这些词汇,那么我们在整个贸易流程中就能够更加流畅地进行沟通。
国际贸易术语
一.国际贸易常用英语词汇进出口贸易词汇merce, trade, trading贸易2.inland trade, home trade, domestic trade国内贸易3.international trade国际贸易4.foreign trade, external trade对外贸易,5.外贸6.import, importation进口7.importer进口商8.export, exportation出口9.exporter出口商10.import licence进口许口证11.export licence出口许口证mercial transaction买卖,交易13.inquiry询盘14.delivery交货15.order订货16.make a complete entry正式/完整申报17.bad account坏帐18.Bill of Lading提单19.marine bills of lading海运提单20.shipping order托运单21.blank endorsed空白背书22.endorsed背书23.cargo receipt承运货物收据24.condemned goods有问题的货物25.catalogue商品目录26.customs liquidation清关27customs clearance结关二.贸易价格术语1.trade term / price term价格术语2. world / international market price国际市场价格3.FOB (free on board)离岸价4.C&F (cost and freight)成本加运费价5.CIF (cost, insurance and freight)到岸价6.freight运费wharfage码头费nding charges卸货费8.customs duty关税9.port dues港口税10.import surcharge进口附加税11.import variable duties进口差价税mission佣金14.return commission回佣,回扣 15.price including commission含佣价 price净价17.wholesale price批发价18.discount / allowance折扣19.retail price零售价20.spot price现货价格21.current price现行价格/时价22.indicative price参考价格23.customs valuation海关估价24.price list价目表25.total value总值三.贸易保险术语1.All Risks一切险2.F.P.A. (Free from Particular Average)平安险3.W.A. / W.P.A (With Average or With Particular Average)水渍险4.War Risk战争险5. F.W.R.D. (Fresh Water Rain Damage)淡水雨淋险6.Risk of Intermixture and Contamination混杂、玷污险7.Risk of Leakage渗漏险8.Risk of Odor串味险9.Risk of Rust锈蚀险10.Shortage Risk短缺险11.T.P.N.D. ( Theft, Pilferage & Non-delivery)偷窃提货不着险12.Strikes Risk罢工险四.贸易机构词汇1.WTO (World Trade Organization)世界贸易组织2.IMF (International Monetary Fund)国际货币基金组织3.CTG (Council for Trade in Goods)货币贸易理事会4.EFTA (European Free Trade Association)欧洲自由贸易联盟5.AFTA (ASEAN Free Trade Area)东盟自由贸易区6.JCCT (China-US Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade)中美商贸联委会7.NAFTA (North American Free Trade Area)北美自由贸易区8.UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development)联合国贸易与发展会议 9. GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)关贸总协定五.贸易方式词汇1.stocks存货,库存量2.cash sale现货3.purchase购买,进货4. bulk sale整批销售,趸售5.distribution channels销售渠道6.wholesale批发7.retail trade零售业8.hire-purchase分期付款购买9.fluctuate in line with market conditions随行就市10.unfair competition不合理竞争11.dumping商品倾销 12. dumping profit margin倾销差价,倾销幅度13.antidumping反倾销14.customs bond海关担保15.chain debts三角债16.freight forwarder货运代理17.trade consultation贸易磋商18.mediation of dispute商业纠纷调解19.partial shipment分批装运20.restraint of trade贸易管制21.RTA (Regional Trade Arrangements)区域贸易安排22.favorable balance of trade贸易顺差23.unfavorable balance of trade贸易逆差24.special preferences优惠关税25.bonded warehouse保税仓库26.transit trade转口贸易27.tariff barrier关税壁垒28.tax rebate出口退税29.TBT (Technical Barriers to Trade)技术性贸易壁垒六.贸易伙伴术语1.trade partner贸易伙伴2.manufacturer制造商,制造厂3.middleman中间商,经纪人4.dealer经销商5.wholesaler批发商6.retailer, tradesman零售商7.merchant商人,批发商,零售商8.concessionaire, licensed dealer受让人,特许权获得者9.consumer消费者,用户10.client, customer顾客,客户11.buyer买主,买方12.carrier承运人13.consignee收货人1 C&F(cost&freight)成本加运费价2 T/T(telegraphic transfer)电汇3 D/P(document against payment)付款交单4 D/A (document against acceptance)承兑交单5 C.O (certificate of origin)一般原产地证6 G.S.P.(generalized system of preferences)普惠制7 CTN/CTNS(carton/cartons)纸箱8 PCE/PCS(piece/pieces)只、个、支等9 DL/DLS(dollar/dollars)美元10 DOZ/DZ(dozen)一打11 PKG(package)一包,一捆,一扎,一件等12 WT(weight)重量13 G.W.(gross weight)毛重14 N.W.(net weight)净重15 C/D (customs declaration)报关单16 EA(each)每个,各17 W (with)具有18 w/o(without)没有19 FAC(facsimile)传真20 IMP(import)进口21 EXP(export)出口22 MAX (maximum)最大的、最大限度的23 MIN (minimum)最小的,最低限度24 M 或MED (medium)中等,中级的25 M/V(merchant vessel)商船26 S.S(steamship)船运27 MT或M/T(metric ton)公吨28 DOC (document)文件、单据29 INT(international)国际的30 P/L (packing list)装箱单、明细表31 INV (invoice)发票32 PCT (percent)百分比33 REF (reference)参考、查价34 EMS (express mail special)特快传递35 STL.(style)式样、款式、类型36 T或LTX或TX(telex)电传37 RMB(renminbi)人民币38 S/M (shipping marks)装船标记39 PR或PRC(price) 价格40 PUR (purchase)购买、购货42 L/C (letter of credit)信用证43 B/L (bill of lading)提单44 FOB (free on board)离岸价45 CIF (cost,insurance&freight)成本、保险加运费价补充:CR=credit贷方,债主DR=debt借贷方(注意:国外常说的debt card,就是银行卡,credit card就是信誉卡。
外贸实用英语词汇大全
外贸实用英语词汇大全为了帮助大家学习到更多外贸英语知识,方便大家的工作和生活,下面小编给大家带来外贸英语词汇整理,更多讯息请关注店铺!外贸实用英语词汇大全11. establishing business relation-建立业务关系2. inquiry-询盘3. offer-报盘4. counter offer-还盘5. quantity-数量6. packing-包装7. time of shipment-装运期8. price-价格9. discount-折扣10. terms of payment-支付条款11. insurance-保险12. commodity inspection-商品检验13. acceptance-接受14. signing a contract-签订合同15. claim-索赔16. agency-agent17. commission-佣金18. exclusive sales-包销19. joint venture-合资企业20. compensation trade-补偿贸易21. processing and assembling trade-加工装配贸易22. the terms of international trade-国际贸易术语外贸实用英语词汇大全21. recommendation 推荐、介绍2. inform 通知3. enter into business relations 建立业务关系4. catalogue 目录5. for your reference 供您参考6. specific inquiry 具体询价7. promptly 立即8. representative 代表9. chamber of commerce 商会10. specialize in 专营11. on the bases of equality and mutual benefit 在平等互利的基础上12. pamphlet 小册子13. a range of 一套14. make offers 报价15. import and export corporation 进出口公司16. silk 丝绸17. cotton piece goods 棉布18. blouse 女衬衫19. be of the latest style 最新式样20. financial position 财务状况21. trade reputation 贸易声誉22. on display 展出23. woolen knitwear 毛织品24. garment 服装25. meet with great favor 受欢迎26. credit standing 信用地位27. state-operated 国营的28. currency, chinese currency, british currency 货币,中国货币,英国货币29. investment 投资30. a long-term investment 长期投资31. a profitable investment 有利可得的投资32. a safe and sure investment 安全可靠的投资33. a heavy investment 巨额投资34. investment intent 投资意向35. investment partner 投资伙伴36. direct investment 直接投资37. investment environment 投资环境38. investor 投资者39. enterprise 企业40. joint venture enterprise 合资企业41. cooperative enterprise 合作企业42. exclusively foreign-owned enterprise 外商独资企业43. state-owned enterprise 国营企业44. collectively-owned enterprise 集体企业45. individually owned enterprise 个体企业外贸实用英语词汇大全31. general inquiry 一般询盘2. specific inquiry 具体询盘3. dealer 商人4. quotation 报价5. sales department 销售部6. purchase 购买7. enquiry 询价8. quote 开价9. sample 样品10. a long-term contract 长期合同11. discount 折扣12. grant 批准13. to make an inquiry for sth 对某物询价14. to keep the inquiry on file 把询价记录在卷15. to inquiry for sth 对某物询价16. to inquiry about sth 询问某事17. process 加工18. guarantee, guarantor 保证, 保证人19. delivery 交货20. port of delivery 交货港21. time of delivery 交货期22. prompt delivery 即期交货23. to effect delivery 办理交货24. to make delivery 办理交货25. to postpone delivery 推迟交货26. to deliver sth to sb 把某物交付给某人27. shipment 装船28. to make shipment 装船29. to receive shipment 接货30. partial shipment 分批装船31. prompt shipment 即期装运32. time of shipment 装运期33. offer 报盘报价34. a firm offer 实盘35. a counter offer 还盘36. to accept an offer 接受报盘37. to extend an offer 延长报盘38. to renew an offer 更新报盘39. to withdraw an offer 撤消报盘40. the validity of an offer 报盘有效期41. to make an offer 报价42. to offer firm 报实盘43. to offer subject to final confirmation 报盘以最后确认为准44. specialize in 专门经营外贸实用英语词汇大全41. counter offer 还盘2. enjoy great popularity 享有盛誉3. ready seller; quick seller; quick-selling product 畅销品4. conclude business with sb. 与某人达成交易5. close business, close a deal , close a transaction, close a bargain达成交易6. trade terms 贸易条件7. trade agreement 贸易协定8. trade fair 交易会9. trade mark 商标10. foreign trade 对外贸易11 trade in sth 经营某物12. trade with sb.与某人交易13. favourable price 优惠价格14. favourable terms 优惠条件15. quotation 行情16. discount quotation 贴现行情17. exchange rate quotation 外汇行情18. commission 佣金19. a commission of....%; ....% commission.百分之几佣金20. your ..% commission 你的百分之几佣金21. the above price includes your commission of 2%.上述价格包括你方2%佣金.22. general practice 惯例23. accept an order 接受订单24. cancel an order 撤消订单25. confirm an order 确认订单26. execute an order 履行订单27. a back order 尚未执行的订单28. a fresh order 新订单29. a repeat order 续订订单。
进出口贸易必备英语词汇
进出口贸易必备英语词汇对外贸易亦称“国外贸易”或“进出口贸易”,简称“外贸”,接下来为大家整理了外贸英语词汇大全--进出口贸易必备,希望对你有帮助哦!订货;订购book; booking电复cable reply实盘firm offer递盘bid; bidding递实盘bid firm还盘counter offer发盘(发价) offer发实盘offer firm询盘(询价) inquiry;enquiry指示性价格price indication速复reply immediately参考价reference price习惯做法usual practice交易磋商business negotiation不受约束without engagement业务洽谈business discussion限**复subject to reply **限* *复到subject to reply reaching here **有效期限time of validity有效至**: valid till **购货合同purchase contract销售合同sales contract购货确认书purchase confirmation销售确认书sales confirmation一般交易条件general terms and conditions以未售出为准subject to prior sale需经卖方确认subject to seller’s confirmation 需经我方最后确认subject to our final confirmation 出口信贷export credit出口津贴export subsidy商品倾销dumping外汇倾销exchange dumping优惠关税special preferences保税仓库bonded warehouse贸易顺差favorable balance of trade贸易逆差unfavorable balance of trade进口配额制import quotas自由贸易区free trade zone对外贸易值value of foreign trade国际贸易值value of international trade普遍优惠制generalized system of preferences-GSP 最惠国待遇most-favored nation treatment-MFNT 运费freight单价price码头费wharfage总值total value卸货费landing charges金额amount关税customs duty净价net price印花税stamp duty含佣价price including commission港口税port dues回佣return commission .装运港port of shipment折扣discount, allowance卸货港port of discharge批发价wholesale price目的港port of destination零售价retail price进口许口证import licence现货价格spot price出口许口证export licence期货价格forward price现行价格(时价)current price prevailing price国际市场价格world (International)Market price离岸价(船上交货价)FOB-free on board成本加运费价(离岸加运费价) C&F-cost and freight到岸价(成本加运费、保险费价)CIF-cost,insurance and freight 轮船steamship(缩写S.S)装运、装船shipment租船charter (the chartered ship)交货时间time of delivery定程租船voyage charter装运期限time of shipment定期租船time charter托运人(一般指出口商)shipper, consignor收货人consignee班轮regular shipping liner驳船lighter舱位shipping space油轮tanker报关clearance of goods陆运收据cargo receipt提货to take delivery of goods空运提单airway bill正本提单original BL选择港(任意港)optional port选港费optional charges罚金条款penalty 仲裁arbitration不可抗力force Majeure 仲裁庭arbitral tribunal产地证明书certificate of origin品质检验证书inspection certificate of quanlity重量检验证书inspection certificate of weight (quantity)**商品检验局**commodity inspection bureau (*.C.I.B)品质、重量检验证书inspection certificate选港费由买方负担optional charges to be borne by the Buyers 或optional charges for Buyers’ account 一月份装船shipment during January 或January shipment一月底装船shipment not later than Jan.31st.或shipment on or before Jan.31st.一/二月份装船shipment during Jan./Feb.或Jan./Feb.shipment在......(时间)分两批装船shipment during....in two lots在......(时间)平均分两批装船shipment during....in two equal lots分三个月装运in three monthly shipments分三个月,每月平均装运in three equal monthly shipments 立即装运immediate shipments即期装运prompt shipments收到信用证后30天内装运shipments within 30 days after receipt of L/C不允许/允许分批装船partial shipment not allowed /partial shipment not permitted /partial shipment not unacceptable。
对外贸易常用词汇
对外贸易常用词汇(中、英文对照) 1. 商业科 Aabove par 高于票面值absolute advantage 绝对优势 acceptance (l )承兑;承兑票据,(2)承诺acceptance of bill of exchange 汇票承兑;票据承兑 acceptor 承兑人accident insurance 意外保险account (1)帐;账户,(2)科目,(3)客帐 account payable 应付帐款account payee only 只限存入抬头人账户;只可转帐 account receivable 应收帐款accountant 会计人员;会计主任;会计师accumulated dividend 累积股息 acid-test ratio 酸性测验比率active partner 参与管理合伙人;活跃合伙人ad hoc committee 临时委员会;专责委员会 administration 行政 advertising 广告advertising agency 广告公司;广告代理商advertising appeal 广告诉求 advertising media 广告媒介advice note 交货通知书 agent 代理人aids to trade 贸易辅助服务 air freight 航空货运费air transport 航空运输 air waybill 空运提货单;空运提单All Ordinaries Index 所有普通股指数 allocate 分配allotment 分配数 allowance (l )折让,(2)津贴 amalgamation 合并American Chamberof Commerce in Hong Kong香港美国商会 annual general meeting 周年大会;年会 annual report 年报ante-dated cheque 倒填日期的支票arbitrator 仲裁人Articles of Association 组织章程Asian Development Bank (ADB) 亚洲发展银行 asset 资产 association 社团at par 按票面值 auction 拍卖authorized capital 注册股本;法定股本 auto-pay 自动转帐支付 automatic credit transfer 自动转帐收款automatic teller machine 自动柜员机average clause 受保范围;损失条款avoidable risk 可避免之风险Bbad debt 呆帐;坏帐balance of payments 国际收支差额balance of trade 国际贸易差额balance sheet 资产负债表bank credit 银行信用bank draft 银行汇票bank interest rate 银行利率bank note 钞票bank overdraft 银行透支bank services 银行服务Banking Ordinance 银行业条例bankruptcy 破产barter 以货易货;物物交换bear 看淡股市者;淡友bear market 熊市;淡市bearer bond 息票债券;不记名债券bearer cheque 来人支票;不记名支票bearer share 无记名股票below par 低于票面值best lending rate 最优惠贷款利率;最优惠利率bilateral arrangement 双边协议bill of exchange 汇票bill of lading 提货单bill payable 应付票据bill receivable 应收票据blue chips 蓝筹股board of directors 董事会;董事局bond 债券bonded warehouse 公税仓bonus 红利;花红bonus issue 发行红股bonus share 红股;股票股息book value 账面值;账面成本brand 牌子;品牌brand image 牌子形象;品牌形象brand loyalty 对牌子忠诚brand name 商标;品牌名称;牌子名称broker 经纪brokerage firm 经纪行budget 预算bulk-breaking 分件bulk-buying 大量购买bull 看好股市者;好友bull market 牛市;旺市burglary insurance 盗窃保险business enterprise 企业机构business entity 企业个体business organization 企业组织business registrationcertificate 商业登记证business reply service 商业回邮服务Ccall option 买入期权callable bond 可赎回债券called-up capital 已催缴股本capital 资金;资本capital employed 动用资金capital expenditure 资本支出capital gearing 资金借贷比率 capital goods 资本物品 capital intensive 资本密集 capital market 资本市场capital reserve 资本公积金;资金储备capitalization (1)资本化;利益资本化;(2)资本总额cargo insurance 货物保险;货运险carriage forward 运费到付;货价不包括运费carriage paid 运费已付;货价包括运费carrier (1)运货工具,(2)承运商cash discount 现金折扣 cash dispenser 现金提款机cash flow 现金流转;现金流量 cash on delivery (COD) 交货付现cash sale 现销cash with order 订货付现cashier order 银行本票 caveat emptor 购者自慎 certificate of incorporation 公司注册证certificate of origin 产地来源证;来源证 certificate of posting 投寄邮件证明书 chain store 连锁商店channel of distribution 分销途径;分销渠道cheque clearance 支票交换 Chinese General Chamber of Commerce, The 香港中华总商会Chinese Gold&Silver Exchange Society, The 金银业贸易场 ChineseManufacturers' Association of Hong Kong, The 香港中华厂商联合会 circulating asset 流动资产circulating capital 营运资金;周转资金;流动资本classified advertising 分类广告clearing house 票据交换所 co-operative society 合作社co-partner 合伙人code of practice 操作守则coinsurance 共负保险collateral 抵押品collect call 接听人付费长途电话 commercial paper 商业票据 commission (1)佣金,(2)手续费commodities futures market 商品期货市场 commodity 商品commodity exchange 商品交易所;期货交易所common carrier (1)运输业,(2)承运商 common stock 普通股 communication networks 通讯网 Companies Ordinance 公司条例Companies Registry 公司注册处comparative advantage 比较优势compensating balance 补偿性最低存款额competitive advertising 竞争性广告confirmed letter of credit 保兑信用证;保兑信用状consequential loss 灾后损失;后果性损失;间接性损失 consignment 寄销consignment note 托运通知书 consular invoice 领事签证单;领事发票consumer behaviour 消费者行为Consumer Council 消费者委员会Consumer Council Ordinance 消费者委员会条例 consumer goods 消费品consumer loyalty 消费者忠诚 consumer market 消费者市场 consumer survey 消费者调查 container 货柜;货箱 containerization 货柜运输;货柜化 contract 合约;契约;合同contributed capital 缴入资本 convenience goods 便利品convenience store 便利店;便利店铺convertible bond 可调换公司债券;可换债券convertible preference share 可转换优先股 copyright 版权 corporation 公司cost and freight (C & F) 成本包括运费cost of goods sold 销货成本 cost, insurance and freight (CIF) 货价、保险及运费;到岸价格 courier service 速递服务 covered warrant 备兑认股权证;回购认股证credit (l )贷方,(2)贷项,(3)贷记,(4)贷入,(5)赊帐,(6)信用credit card 信用卡credit insurance 信用保险;信贷保险credit note 贷项通知单;入帐通知书credit period 赊帐期间 credit policy 信用政策;信贷政策 credit sale 赊售;赊销credit transfer 贷项转帐credit union 储蓄互助社 credit worthiness 信贷可靠性creditor 债权人 crossed cheque 划线支票 cum dividend 带息cumulative dividend 累积股息 cumulative preference share累积优先股current account (1)往来存款账户;活期存款账户,(2)往来帐current asset 流动资产 current liability 流动负债 current ratio 流动比率 customs 海关 customs duty 关税 Ddata processing 数据处理 data transmission 数据传输 debenture 债券debit (l )借方,(2)借项,(3)借记,(2)借入debit note 借项通知单;支帐通知书debt capital 债务资本;借入资本debt finance 外借资金debt financing 举债;债务筹措;举债融资debtor 债务人;债户 deed 契据;契约 default 违约;拖欠deferred asset 递延资产 deficit 亏绌;赤字;亏损 del credere agent 包销商;保付货价代理人delivery note 付货通知书;交运通知送货单demand deposit 活期存款 department store 百货公司 deposit 存款deposit-taking company 接受存款公司 depositor 存户depreciation (1)折旧,(2)损耗 Design Council of Hong Kong 香港设计委员会 devaluation 贬值direct debit (1)直接支帐付款,(2)直接借记direct distribution 直接分销;直接分配 direct marketing 直接行销 direct shipment 直接装运disability insurance 伤残保险 discount (1)折扣,(2)贴现 discount allowed 销货折扣 discount house 票据贴现所discount received 购货折扣 discounting bill of exchange票据贴现 dishonour 拒付dishonoured cheque 退票;不兑现支票;拒付支票 dissolution 解散;解体distribution channel 分销途径distributor 经销商;分销商diversification 多元化;多样化;业务分散dividend 股息 dividend yield 股息率division of labour 分工 document against acceptance承兑交单document against payment 付款交单document of title (1)业权;所有权,(2)业权文件 documentary bill 跟单汇票documentary credit 押汇 documentary letter of credit 跟单信用证;跟单信用状domestic trade 本土贸易;国内贸易dormant partner 不参与管理合伙人;隐名合伙人 down-payment 首期付款 draft 汇票 drawee 受票人 drawer 发票人 dumping 倾销durable goods 耐用物品 duty 税duty drawback 退税 Eearnings per share 每股盈利electronic banking 电子银行服务electronic data processing (EDP) 电子数据处理electronic payment system 电子付款服务 embargo 禁运employees' compensation insurance 雇员赔偿保险 employer's liability insurance 雇主责任保险 endorsement (1)背书,(2)批注 endowment insurance 储蓄保险 enterprise 企业 entity 单位;个体 entrepot 转口港;转口埠 entrepreneur 企业家 equity 产权;主权;权益equity capital 主权资本;权益资本;股本equity finance 主权资金equity financing 资本筹措;权益筹资errors and omissions excepted (E & OE) 如有错漏不在此限European Economic Community (EEC) 欧洲经济共同体ex-dividend 除息 ex-godown 仓库交货价;出仓价ex-right 除权ex-warehouse 仓库交货价;出仓价ex-works 出厂价;工厂交货价exchange (l )兑换,(2)交换 exchange control 外汇管制 exchange fund 外汇基金 exclusive distribution 独家经销executor 遗嘱执行人export licence 出口许可证 exporter 出口商 exports 出口express delivery 专运 express terms 明示条款extra dividend 额外股利 Fface value 票面值 factor 应收帐款收购商 factoring 出售应收帐款;应收帐款让售 factoring house 应收帐款收购商factors of production 生产因素;生产要素Federation of Hong Kong Industries 香港工业总会 fictitious asset 虚设资产final dividend 末期股息;末期股利finance company 财务公司financial institution 财务机构;金融机构financial market 金融市场;财务市场financial statement 财务报表 financial year 财政年度;会计年度finished goods 制成品 fire insurance 火险 firm 商号;商行;企业 fixed asset 固定资产 fixed capital 固定资本fixed deposit account 定期存款账户fixed liability 固定负债floating debenture 浮动抵押公司债券 foreign corporation 外国公司 foreign exchange 外汇 foreign exchange control 外汇管制foreign exchange rate 汇率 foreign trade 对外贸易;国际贸易forfeited share 没收股份 founders' share 创办人股本;发起人股本 franchise 营业特权;专利权 franchisee 特许权使用人 franchisor 特许权拥有人 franking machine 邮戳机free alongside ship (FAS) 船边交货价free currency 自由货币free on board (FOB) 船上交货价;离岸价free port 自由港 free trade 自由贸易 freight 运费fringe benefit 额外利益;附带福利full liability 全部责任fund (1)基金,(2)资金futures contract 期货合约 futures deals 期货交易 futures market 期货市场futures price 期货价格 Ggearing ratio 资本与负债的比率;资本借贷比率general average 共同海损general partner 普通合伙人general partnership 普通合伙gilt-edged security 金边证券 goods 货品 goodwill 商誉grading 等级 gross loss 毛损 gross margin 毛利 gross profit 毛利 gross weight 毛重HHang Seng Index 恒生指数hire purchase 租购;分期付款购买hire purchase agreement 租购合约holding company 股权公司;控股公司home trade 本土贸易;国内贸易Hong Kong Export Credit Insurance Corporation 香港出口信用保险局Hong Kong Futures Exchange Limited 香港期货交易所有限公司Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce, The 香港总商会Hong Kong Japanese Chamber of Commerce and Industry 香港日本人商工会议所 HongKongManagement Association, The 香港管理专业协会Hong Kong Productivity Council 香港生产力促进局Hong Kong Standards and Testing Centre Ltd., The 香港标准及检定中心 Hong Kong Trade Development Council 香港贸易发展局 horizontal integration 横面结合;平行合并 hot money 热钱;游资hypermarket 特级市场 I I Owe You (IOU) 欠条;欠单;借据implied terms 默示条款 import duty 入口税import licence 入口许可证 importer 入口商imports 入口impulse buying 冲动性购买 income statement 损益表;收益表indemnity 赔偿 indent 国外订货单indenture 合约;契约 index number 指数Indian ChamberofCommerce Hong Kong, The香港印度商会indirect production 间接生产industrial diversification 工业多元化industrial goods 工业品 Industry Department 工业署 infant industry 萌芽工业;初生工业inflation 通货膨胀 informative advertising 信息式广告infrastructure 基础设施;基本建设inland mail 本埠邮件 Inland Revenue Department税务局insider dealing 内幕交易 insider trading 内幕交易 insolvency 无力支付;无偿债能力instalment 每期付款额instalment loan 分期付款贷款 insurable interest 可保利益 insurable risks 可保风险 insurance 保险insurance fund 保险基金 insurance policy 保单 insurance premium 保险费 insured 受保人 insurer 承保人 intangible 无形intangible asset 无形资产 integration 结合;合并intensive distribution 密集性分销;密集的推销方法;广泛性分销interest (1)利息,(2)权益;利益 interim dividend 中期股息 internal financing 内部融资international marketing 国际市场推销;国际市场营销International Monetary Fund (IMF) 国际货币基金组织international trade 对外贸易;国际贸易inventory (1)存货,(2)财产清单 inventory control 存货控制;存货管理;存货管制inventory turnover 存货流转率 invested capital 投入资本 investment 投资investment company 投资公司 invisible trade 无形贸易 invoice 发票irrevocable letter of credit 不可撤销信用证issued capital 已发行股本Jjobber 证券经销经纪,证券批销经纪;批家joint account 联合帐 joint stock company 股份有限公司joint venture 联合短期投资;短期合营L Labour Department 劳工处labour intensive 劳力密集 labour union 工会;职工会laissez faire 自由放任 lease (1)租赁;租,(2)租约 legal entity 法人;法定个体lessee 承租人;承批人 lessor 出租人letter of credit 信用证;信用状 letter of enquiry 询价函件 levy 课税;征收;征课liability 负债 licence 许可证;牌照 licensed bank 持牌银行 life assurance 人寿保险limited company 有限公司 limited liability 有限债务责任;有限责任limited partner 有限合伙人 limited partnership 有限合伙 linked exchange rate 联系汇率liquid asset 速动资产liquid capital 流动资金liquidation (1)清盘;清算,(2)清理liquidity 流动性;变现性;变现能力liquidity ratio 流动资金比率 listed company 上市公司 listed security 上市证券 loan 放款;贷款 loan stock 债券localization of production 生产地方化;生产区域化long position 买空;好仓;好仓合约;买进的期货合同long-term capital 长期资本;长期资金long-term liability 长期负债 long-term loan 长期贷款 loss 损失;亏蚀loss leader 亏本出售商品;损失领导物,吸引商品 Mmail order 邮购marine insurance 海上保险;水险 mark down 标价降低数 mark-up 加于成本之价格;加成 market capitalization 市值;市价总值market diversification 市场多元化;市场分散 market price 市价market research 市场调查;市场研究 market share 市场占有率market value 市值 marketing 市场学mass distribution 大规模运销 mass media 大众传播媒介mass production 大量生产;大规模生产mate's receipt 大副收据maturity 到期 Memorandum of Association 组织大纲merchandise 商品merchant bank 投资银行;商人银行merchant wholesaler 批发商merchantible quality 适合销售品质;可销售品质merger 兼并;合并;归并 middleman 中间人mobile shop 流动商店 Money Changers Ordinance 货币兑换商条例monopolist 垄断者;独占者mortgage 抵押;按揭 mortgage bond 抵押债券 mortgagee 受押者;贷款人 mortgagor 抵押者;借款人most favoured nation (MFN) 最优惠国;最惠国Multi-Fibre Agreement(MFA) 多种纤维协定;多纤协定multi-national company 跨国公司 multiple shop 连锁商店 Nnationalization 国有化negotiable instrument 流通票据 net asset 净资产 net book value 账面净值net current asset 流动资产净值 net income 净利益;净收益;净利;纯利 net loss 净损失 net profit 纯利net profit on sales 销货纯利net working capital 营运资金净额net worth 净值new issue market 新股发行市场no claim bonus 无索偿奖励no-par-value capital stock 无面值股票nominal capital 票面股本;额定股本;名义股本nominal partner 名义合伙人nominal value 名义价值;票面值non-cumulative preference share 非累积优先股non-durable goods 非耐用品 non-insurable risks 不可保风险 non-profit making organisation 非牟利机构non-voting share 无投票权股票 not negotiable 不得转让noting charges 票据拒付手续费 Ooffer for sale 出让;公开发售 on consignment 寄销 open cheque 不记名支票operating expense 营业费用 operating income 营业收益operating profit 营业收益;营业利润 option dealing 期权买卖order cheque 记名支票;抬头支票order form 订单ordinary share 普通股 OrganisationforEconomic Co-operation and Development (OECD) 经济合作与发展组织 ostensible partner 挂名合伙人output 产量over-trading 过度扩张营运overdraft 透支 owe 欠P paid-up capital 已缴股本;实收资本par 面值 par value 票面值 participatingpreferenceshare 参与优先股particular average 单独海损partner 合伙人partnership 合伙;合伙组织 patent 专利权payee 受款人;收款人 payer 付款人 payment 支出 payroll 薪饷pedlar 沿门兜售小贩percentage profit 利润比率 person-to-person call 指名接听长途电话 personal property 动产personal selling 人员销售;个人销售persuasive advertising 诱导性广告physical distribution 实体配销 pledging accounts receivable 应收帐款抵押policy (1)政策,(2)保险单;保单policy holder 保险客户;投保人 pooling of risks 分担风险;风险汇合;风险汇聚portfolio 投资组合;证券组合 post-dated cheque 期票;远期支票postal communication 邮递通讯potential customer 潜在主顾;潜在顾客preference share 优先股preference share premium 优先股利preferred stock 优先股 premium (1)保险费,(2)溢价 price fixing 定盘price-earning ratio 市价盈利率 primary market 第一市场;初级市场;基本市场primary product 原产品;初级产品primary production 初级生产;第一级生产prime rate 优惠利率;最优惠利率 principal (1)本金,(2)委托人;主事人principle of contribution 风险分担原则principle of indemnity 补偿原则;赔偿原则principle of subrogation 权利代位原则private limited company 私人有限公司 private treaty 私人合约pro forma invoice 临时发票producer goods 资本物品;生产者物品 producers'co-operativesociety 生产人合作社 product diversification 产品多样化;产品多元化product image 产品形象;产品印象productivity 生产力 profit and loss account 损益帐;损益表 profit margin 利润率;利润幅度profitability 盈利能力;盈利水平 profitability ratio 盈利能力比率 promissory note 借据;期票promotion (1)晋升;升职,(2)推广;促进,(3)拓销;推销;促销prompt cash 当场付款;实时付款;日内付款property 财产 proposal form (l )保险申请表,(2)动议表格 proprietor 资本主proprietorship (1)业权;资本主权益;东主权益;(2)独资企业prospectus 招股章程 protectionism 保护主义protectionist measure 贸易保护措施protectionist policy 保护主义政策proximate cause 近因 public corporation 公营公司 public enterprise 公营企业Public Health and Municipal Service Ordinance 公共卫生及市政条例public limited company 公众有限公司purchases contract 购货契约 purchases 购货 put option 卖出期权Q quality control 品质控制 quantity discount 数量折扣;大批量折扣quick asset 速动资产 quick ratio 速动比率 quiet possession 不受干扰享用权 quota 配额quotation 报价单 Rrail transport 铁路运输 rate of return 报酬率;收益率;盈利率;回报率rate of stockturn 存货周转率 rate of turnover 周转率re-export 转口;转口货receipt (1)收据,(2)收入 recorded delivery 记录派递red chips 红筹股 redeemable preference share 可赎回优先股redemption 偿还;赎回 refund 退款;退现registered capital 注册股本;法定股本Registrar of Companies 公司注册官registration of companies 公司注册reinsurance 再保险;分保 remittance 汇款remittance advice note 汇款通知书rendu 卖方负责运费之报价 repossession 收回已出售之货品 requisition 请求单 reserve 公积金;储备 resource 资源restricted licence bank 有限制持牌银行 retail banking 零售性银行业务retail cooperative society 零售合作社 retail price 零售价 retail trade 零售业;零售贸易retailer 零售商retained earnings 滚存盈余;保留盈余;营业盈余return on investment 投资报酬率;投资回报率revenue reserve 收益储备;保留盈余revocable letter of credit 可撤销信用证rights issue 股权发行;供股risk pooling 分担风险;风险汇合;风险汇聚 risk transfer 风险转移 road transport 道路运输royalty (1)特权,(2)使用税;版税;专利税 Ssafe deposit box 保管箱 salary 薪金Sale of Goods Ordinance 售卖货品条例 sales 销货sales promotion 促销;销售推广;销售促进savings account 储蓄存款账户;储蓄账户 scrip dividend 期票股利;股利票 sea transport 水上运输secondary market 第二市场;次级市场secondary production 次级生产;第二级生产secret partner 秘密合伙人;隐名合伙人 secured debenture 有抵押债券 secured loan 担保贷款;抵押放款security 证券 self-service 自助 self-sufficient 自给自足 selling short 卖空;抛空share (1)股份,(2)股票 share bonus 红股 share capital 股本 share premium 股本溢价share subscription 认购股本shareholder 股东shipping note 装运通知单;装运通知书shop-lifting 高买;店内盗窃shopping goods 选购品;选购货品;挑剔品short position 卖空;淡仓;淡仓合约;卖出的期货合同short selling 卖空;抛空 short-term capital 短期资本;短期资金short-term liability 短期负债short-term loan 短期贷款 sight draft 即期票据 silent partner 静默合伙人 sleeping partner 不参与管理合伙人;隐名合伙人 Small Claims Tribunal 小额钱债审裁处SmallClaimsTribunalOrdinance 小额钱债审裁处条例sole agent 总代理sole proprietor (1)全东;东主,(2)独资经营;独资企业 sole proprietorship 独资经营sole trader 全东;东主;独资经营solvency 偿债能力specialization (1)专业化,(2)专门知识specialty goods 特殊品;特殊货品specialty store 特殊店;特殊店铺speculation 投机 speculator 投机者 spot cash 付现spot deals 实时交易;实时买卖 spot delivery 实时交收 spot price 现货价格 stag 投机新股者 stale cheque 过期支票 stamp duty 印花税standing order 定期支付指示 statement of account (l )会计帐目,(2)结单station-to-station call 对站长途电话;非指名接听长途电话status inquiry agency 状况咨询机构 statutory body 法定机构stock (1)存货,(2)证券,(3)股票 stock broker 证券经纪;股票经纪 stock control 存货控制;存货管理;存货管制 stock exchange 证券交易所Stock Exchange Compensation Fund 证券交易所赔偿基金Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited 香港联合交易所 stock jobber 证券批销经纪 stock market 证券市场stock option 认股特权;认股权 stock split 拆股;股份分裂stock taking 盘点存货;盘存 stock turnover 存货周转;存货周转率 stockholder 股东straight irrevocable letter of credit 直接不可撤销信用证subrogation 权利代位subscribe 认购subsidiary company 附属公司;子公司supermarket 超级市场surface mail 平邮surplus 盈余surrender value 退还金额syndicated loan 组合贷款;集团贷款T takeover 收购tangible asset 有形资产tare weight 皮重;容器重量 target market 目标市场 tariff 关税tax 税捐 tax allowance 免税额tax rate 税率telecommunication 电信;电讯telegram 电报telegraphic money order 电汇 telegraphic transfer 电汇 telex 专用电报 tender 投标term loan 定期放款;定期借款 terms of trade 贸易价格比率;贸易比率tertiary production 第**生产third party insurance 第三者保险third party ownership 第三者拥有权third party, fire and theft insurance 第三者火灾与盗窃保险time deposit 定期存款 time draft 期付汇票 time policy 时限保单 trade association 商会trade barrier 贸易障碍;贸易壁垒trade credit (1)贸易赊帐,(2)商业信用Trade Department 贸易署Trade Descriptions Ordinance 商品说明条例trade discount 交易折扣;营业折扣trade mark 商标trade mission 贸易团;贸易代表团trade name (1)商号,(2)商品名称 trade promotion 贸易促进;商业促进 trade restriction 贸易限制trade union 工会;职工会traders' credit 商人放帐额;同行放帐trading account 购销帐trading and profit and loss account 购销损益帐 trading capital 营运资金trading partner 贸易伙伴 tramp steamer 不定期货船transaction 交易事项 transportation system 运输系统 Travel Agents Ordinance 旅行代理商条例 traveller's cheque 旅行支票trust deed 信托契据 trust fund 信托基金 trust rerceipt 信托收条trustee 信托人;受托人 turn-around time 运转时间;周转期turnover 营业额;销售量Uunavoidable risk 无法避免之风险uncalled capital 末催缴股本undertaking (1)企业,(2)承担underwriter 承保人;包销人underwriting 包销 underwriting contract 承保合约undistributed profit 未分派之盈利;未分派利润 unfair trade practice 不公平贸易手段United Nations Conferenceon Trade and Development (UNCTAD) 联合国贸易及发展会议unlimited company 无限公司 unlimited liability 无限责任unlisted security 未上市证券 unpresented cheque 末兑现支票unsecured loan 无担保贷款;信用贷款utmost good faith 具最高诚意绝对真确 Vvending machine 自动售卖机 vertical integration 纵面结合;垂直合并viewdata system 数据传视系统 visible balance 有形贸易差额 visible trade 有形贸易 voucher 传票;凭单 voyage policy 航程保单 Wwarehouse 仓库;货仓 warehouse warrant 仓单warrant 认股权证warranty (l )保证书,(2)保证条款water transport 水上运输 WeightsandMeasures Ordinance 度量衡条例whole life policy 终生保险单 wholesale banking 批发银行业务 wholesale co-operative society 批发合作社 wholesale price 批发价wholesale trade 批发业;批发贸易wholesaler 批发商 winding-up 清盘working asset 营运资产working capital 营运资金;周转资金;流动资本 working capital fund 营运资金基金working capital ratio 营运资金比率World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织Y yellow pages 黄页分类 yield (1)收益;实际获利,(2)产量yield rate 实际获利率2. 企业概论 Aabsenteeism 缺勤absolute advantage 绝对优势acceptance (1)承兑;承兑票据,(2)承诺acceptanceofbillofexchange 汇票承兑;票据承兑acceptor 承兑人accident insurance 意外保险account (1)帐;账户,(2)科目,(3)客帐account executive 客户主任;户口主任account payable 应付帐款account payee only 祇限存入头人账户;只可转帐account receivable 应收帐款accountability 责任承担accountant 会计人员;会计主任;会计师accounting equation 会计等式accounting period 会计期间accumulated depreciation 累积折旧;折旧准备accumulated dividend 累积股息accumulated fund 累积基金achievement test 成就测验acid-test ratio 酸性测验比率active partner 活跃合伙人;参与管理合伙人activity ratio 实际作业与预算比率administration 行政advance 预付advancement 晋升advertising agency 广告公司;广告代理商advertising appeals 广告诉求advertising media 广告媒介Advisory Committee onDiversification 经济多元化咨询委员会affiliated company 附属公司agent 代理人aids to trade 贸易辅助服务allowance (1)折让,(2)津贴amalgamation 合并American Chamber ofCommerce in Hong Kong, The香港美国商会analog computer 仿真计算机annual general meeting 周年大会;年会annual leave 年假annual report 年报annuity 年金appreciation 升值;增值apprenticeship 学徒训练aptitude test 性向测验;才能测验arbirage 套利;套息arbitration 仲裁arbitrator 仲裁者;仲裁人arithmetic and logic unit(ALU) 算术及逻辑运算部件arithmetic mean 算术平均;等差中项;算术中项Articles of Association 组织章程Asian Development Bank(ADB) 亚洲发展银行Asian ProductivityOrganization (APO) 亚洲生产力组织assembling 装配assembly line 装配线asset 资产asset turnover 资产周转率assignment of responsibility职责之指派associated companies 联营公司assumption of duty 就任;就职;上任at par 按票面值;按面值audit 查核;核数;审计 authorised capital 注册股本;法定股本authoritarian 独裁式;独裁;专制authority 权力;职权 auto-pay 自动转帐支付autocratic leadership 独裁式领导automatic credit transfer 自动转帐收款automatic teller machine(ATM) 自动柜员机 automation 自动化autonomous work group 自治工作小组 自治工作小组autonomy 自主;自治权average collection period 平均收帐期average rate of return (ARR) 平均收益率avoidable risk 可避免之风险 Bbackward integration 后向合并 bad debt 呆帐;坏帐 balance (1)余额,(2)平衡balance of payments 国际收支差额balance of trade 国际贸易差额 balance sheetbank draft 银行汇票 bank overdraft 银行透支banker's acceptance 银行承兑票据Banking Ordinance 银行业条例 bankruptcy 破产 basic need 基本需要basic salary 底薪 batch processing 成批处理;整批处理bear 看淡股市者;淡友bear market bearer bond 息票债券;不记债券 bearer cheque 来人支票;不记名支票 bearer share 无记名股票;不记名股票best lending rate 优惠利率;最优惠利率;最优惠贷款条件 bill of exchange 汇票;票据;交易票据 bill of lading 提货单 bill payable 应付票据 bill receivable 应收票据blue chip 蓝筹股 board of directors 董事会;董事局 bond 债券bond dividend 债券股利 bond interest 债券利息bonded warehouse 公税仓 bonus 红利;花红 bonus issue 发行红股 bonus share 红股;股票股息book value 账面值boycott 杯葛;抵制brain drain 人材流失;人材外流brain storming 剌激创新;脑力激荡法brand 牌子;品牌brand image 品牌形象;牌子形象brand loyalty 对牌子忠诚brand name 商标;品牌名称;牌子名称break-even analysis 损益平衡分析;损益两平分析;营业平衡分析break-even chart 损益平衡图;损益两平图;营业平衡图break-even point (BEP) 损益平衡点;损益两平点;营业平衡点broker 经纪brokerage firm 经纪行budget 预算budgetary control 预算控制budgeting (1)预算,(2)编制预算buffer stock 调节存货;安全存货bulk-breaking 分件bulk-buying 大量购买bull 看好股市者;好友bull market 牛市;旺市bureaucracy 官僚系统;官僚组织制度;科层组织制度burglary insurance 盗窃保险business administration 工商管理business corporation 企业公司business cycle 商业循环;营业循环;营业周期business enterprise 企业机构business entity 企业个体business ethics 商业道德business organization 企业组织business registration certificate商业登记证business reply service 商业回邮服务buying power index 购买力指数Ccalculating device 计算装置call provision 提前赎回(证券)条款callable bond 可赎回债券called-up capital 已催缴股本capital 资金;资本;股本capital budgeting 资本预算capital employed 动用资金;动用资本capital expenditure 资本支出capital gearing 资金借贷比率;资本与负债比率capital goods 资本物品capital market 资本市场capital-intensive 资本密集capitalism 资本主义capitalist economy 资本主义经济capitalization (1)资本化;利益资本化,(2)资本总额carrier (1)运货工具,(2)承运商carrying cost (1)贮存成本;存仓成本,(2)保有资产成本case study 个案研究cash budget 现金预算 cash discount 现金折扣cash flow 现金流转;现金流量 cash on delivery (COD) 交货付现cash rebate 现金回扣 cash sale 现销;现金销货 cash with order 订货付现 cashier order 银行票 caveat emptor 购者自慎central processing unit (CPU) 中央处理器central tendency 中央倾向;集中趋势centralization (1)集中;集中化,(2)中央集权;集权化centralized management 中央集权管理certificate of incorporation 公司注册证certificate of origin 产地来源证;来源证chain of command 命令线;命令链;指挥链chain store 连锁商店channel of communication 沟通渠道;传意途径channel of distribution 分销途径;分销渠道channel of information 信息渠道cheque clearance 支票交换Chinese General Chamber of Commerce, The 香港中华总商会 ChineseGold&Silver Exchange Society, The 金银业贸易场Chinese Manufacturers' Association of Hong Kong, The 香港中华厂商联合会 circulating asset 流动资产circulating capital 营运资金;周转资金;流动资本classified advertising 分类广告 clearing house 票据交换所co-operative society 合作社 code of ethics 道德规约;道德守则code of practice 操作守则coercive power 强制权力coinsurance 共负保险 collateral 抵押品collective bargaining 集体议价;集体谈判collective ownership 集体所有;集体所有制command 命令;指令;指挥commercial paper 商业票据commission (1)佣金,(2)手续费committee structure 委员会结构commodities futures market 商品期货市场commodity 商品 commodity exchange 商品交易所;期货交易所 common stock 普通股 communication barrier 沟通障碍。
外贸业务中常用词汇
外贸业务中常用词汇1、Bill of Lading 提单2、Freight prepaid运费预付_3、Freight collect运费到付(买方付运费)4、Sales Contract合同5、Insurance保险6、Invoice发票7、Discount打折,减价8、Exchange rate 汇率9、$10、Consignee收货人11、commison 佣金12、T/T 电汇13、T/T 30% deposit:电汇30%定金;14、Irrevocable Letter of Credit 不可撤销信用证15、open bidding 公开招标16、Letter of Guarantee 保证书17、装箱单packing list18、形式发票proforma invoice19、商业发票commercial invoice20、}21、分期付款payment by installment22、付款交单D/P (Document against Payment)23、承兑交单D/A _(document against acceptance)24、EXW 出厂价25、Booking form 海运订舱单26、Deposit 订单27、POL Port of loading:装运港;28、POD Port of Discharge:卸货港;29、Shipping documents:货运单据;30、ETD是指估计离港时间(estimated time of departure ).31、:32、ETA是指估计到港时间(estimated time of arrival)。
33、QC: quality control 质量控制34、QA: quality assurance 质量保证35、LCL: 拼箱装货less than container load36、FCL: 整箱装货full than container load37、ORC: original receive charges 货物去欧洲国家的码头操作费38、THC: Terminal Handling Charge-集装箱码头装卸作业费39、C/O: certificate of origin原产地证书40、DDP : Delivered Duty Paid (destination)。
常用外贸英语词汇汇总
常用外贸英语词汇主要贸易术语:(1)FCA (Free Carrier) 货交承运人 (2)FAS (Free Alongside Ship) 装运港船边交货(3)FOB (Free on Board) 装运港船上交货 (4)CFR (Cost and Freight) 成本加运费(5)CIF (Cost,Insurance and Freight) 成本、保险费加运费(6)CPT (Carriage Paid To) 运费付至目的地(7)CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To) 运费、保险费付至目的地(8)DAF (Delivered At Frontier) 边境交货 (9)DES (Delivered Ex Ship) 目的港船上交货(10)DEQ (Delivered Ex Quay) 目的港码头交货 (11)DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid) 未完税交货(12)DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) 完税后交货主要船务术语简写:(1)ORC (Origen Recevie Charges) 本地收货费用(广东省收取)(2)THC (Terminal Handling Charges) 码头操作费(香港收取)(3)BAF (Bunker Adjustment Factor) 燃油附加费(4)CAF (Currency Adjustment Factor) 货币贬值附加费 (5)YAS (Yard Surcharges)码头附加费(6)EPS (Equipment Position Surcharges) 设备位置附加费(7)DDC (Destination Delivery Charges) 目的港交货费 (8)PSS (Peak Season Sucharges) 旺季附加费(9)PCS (Port Congestion Surcharge) 港口拥挤附加费 (10)DOC (DOcument charges) 文件费(11)O/F (Ocean Freight) 海运费 (12)B/L (Bill of Lading) 海运提单(13)MB/L(Master Bill of Lading) 船东单(14)MTD (Multimodal Transport Document) 多式联运单据 (15)L/C (Letter of Credit) 信用证(16)C/O (Certificate of Origin) 产地证(17)S/C (Sales Confirmation)销售确认书(Sales Contract) 销售合同(18)S/O (Shipping Order)装货指示书 (19)W/T (Weight Ton)重量吨(即货物收费以重量计费)(20)M/T (Measurement Ton)尺码吨(即货物收费以尺码计费)(21)W/M(Weight or Measurement ton)即以重量吨或者尺码吨中从高收费(22)CY (Container Yard) 集装箱(货柜)堆场 (23)FCL (Full Container Load) 整箱货(24)LCL (Less than Container Load) 拼箱货(散货)(25)CFS (Container Freight Station) 集装箱货运站(26)TEU (Twenty-feet Equivalent Units) 20英尺换算单位(用来计算货柜量的多少)(27)A/W (All Water)全水路(主要指由美国西岸中转至东岸或内陆点的货物的运输方式)(28)MLB(Mini Land Bridge) 迷你大陆桥(主要指由美国西岸中转至东岸或内陆点的货物的运输方式)(29)NVOCC(Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier) 无船承运人1:二次电池(Rechargeable battery): 电池电力用完后,可以经充电重复使用的电池,如:铅酸,镍氢,锂离子电池等。
外贸常用语
外贸西语常用语
外贸常用语有很多,以下是一些例子:
1.询盘:询问价格、数量、交货期等。
2.报价:根据询盘要求,提供具体的价格、数量、交货期等。
3.订单:客户确认购买后,发出的购买订单。
4.付款:客户支付货款。
5.发货:根据订单要求,将货物发出。
6.运输:货物从发货地到目的地的运输过程。
7.保险:为货物购买保险,以保障货物在运输过程中的安全。
8.清关:货物到达目的地后,需要经过海关清关,才能进入该国
市场。
9.售后服务:为客户提供产品使用、维修等方面的服务。
10.索赔:如果货物在运输过程中出现损坏、丢失等情况,客户
可以向保险公司或卖家提出索赔。
国际贸易英语常用词汇
国际贸易英语常用词汇常用贸易英语词汇:1.business association 业务联系,交往2.business connection 业务联系3.close relationship 密切的关系4.closer ties 更密切的关系5.trade prospects/outlook 贸易前景6.trade cooperation 贸易合作7.technological cooperation 技术合作8.business cooperation 业务合作9.cooperative relationship 合作关系10.the scope of cooperation 合作范围11.trade fair 贸易展销会12.trade show 贸易展览13.trade agreement 贸易协议14.to establish arrangement 达成协议15.to reach an agreement 达成协议16.trade terms/clause 贸易条款17.trade balance 贸易平衡18.to conclude a business transaction 达成贸易交易19.to work with 与……共事20.business activities 经济活动21.business house 商行;商号22.trading department/mechanics 贸易机构23.trade association 贸易协会24.the foreign trade department 对外贸易部门25. C.C.P.I.T.( China Council for the Promotion ofInternational Trade)26.中国国际贸易促进会mercial Counselor's Office28.中国使馆的商务处29.Chamber of Commerce 商会30.trading partnership 经营合伙人31.foreign trade personnel 外贸工作者32.trading center 贸易中心33.trading market 贸易市场34.tradesman/trade peoples 商人,零售商35.to establish(enter into, set up)business relationship 建立业务关系36.to continue business relationship 继续业务关系37.to present business relationship 保持业务关系38.to improve business relationship 改善业务关系39.to promote business relationship 促进业务关系40.to speed up business relationship 加快业务关系的发展41.to enlarge (widen) business relationship 扩大业务关系42.to restore (resume) business relationship 恢复业务关系43.to interrupt business relationship 中断业务关系44.to cement business relationship 巩固业务关系。
外贸常用英语词汇大全
外贸常用英语词汇大全1.商品品质数量包装价格品质条件品质quality 规格specifications 等级grade 标准standard样品sample 色彩样品colour sample 款式样品pattern sample原样original sample 复样duplicate sample对等样品countersample 参考样品reference sample封样sealed sample 代表性样品representative sample商品目录catalogue 宣传小册pamphlet 说明书description公差tolerance 货号article No.花色(搭配)assortment 增减5% plus or minus大路货(良好平均品质)fair average quality数量条件个数number 长度length 面积area 体积volume 容积capacity净重net weight 毛重gross weight 皮重tare 毛作净gross for net溢短装条款more or less clause 重量weight 装运重量shipping weight卸货重量landed weight 理论重量theoretical weight公吨metric ton 长吨long ton 短吨short ton 公斤kilogram, kilo, kg磅pound, lb 盎司ounce, oz件piece 双pair 打dozen 令ream 套setl 立方米cubic meter 升litre 加仑gallon 蒲式耳bushel公制metric system 英制british system 美制U.S.System包装方法起泡包装blister packing 中性包装neutral packing 吸塑包装skin packing挂式包装hanging packing 引某人注目catch sb's eye唛头mark 无牌的包装unlabelled packing 散装in bulk 散装in loose packing 裸装nude packing 整批包装bulk pack 零售包装consumer pack大包装large packing 小包装inner packing, external packing, end packing,压缩包装shrunk packaging 喷泡沫包装foam-spary packaging礼品包装gift-wrap 袋bag, sack麻袋jute bag 塑料袋polythelene bag, plastic bag尼龙绳网袋polythelene net 拉链袋zippered bag箱case, chest 盒box 木箱wooden case 纸箱carton集装箱container 板条箱rate 纤维板箱fibre board case小包packet 包bale 捆bundle 罐头tin , can篮,篓,筐basket 竹篓bamboo basket 瓶bottle小木桶wooden keg 大桶hogshead 铁桶iron drum 铁桶cylinder琵琶桶barrel 圆桶drum防水纸waterproof paper 玻璃纸cellophone 牛皮纸kraftpaper 沥青纸tar paper 蜡纸wax paper帆布canvas 油布、防水帆布tarpaulin纤维板fibreboard 尼龙腰子nylon strap 塑料腰子plastic strap胶带adhesive tape 填料stuffing material 尼龙丝nylon plastic泡沫塑料fermented plastic 纸屑paper scrap 木屑saw dust润滑油slushing compound价格条件价格术语trade term (price term) 价目表price list 总值total value 金额amount净价net price 零售价retail price 批发价wholesale price 单价unit price运费freight 码头费wharfage 卸货费landing charges 码头费wharfage港口税port dues 关税customs duty 印花税stamp duty折扣discount, allowance 佣金commission 回佣,回扣return commission含佣价price including commission .装运港port of shipment 卸货港port of discharge 目的港port of destination进口许口证import licence 出口许口证export licence现货价格spot price期货价格forward price 现行价格(时价)current price prevailing price 国际市场价格world (International)Market price 参考价格indicative price进口附加税import surcharge import variable 进口差价税duties海关估价customs valuation外汇foreign exchange 法定贬值devaluation 外币foreign currency法定升值revaluation 汇率rate of exchange 浮动汇率floating rate国际收支balance of payments硬通货hard currency 软通货soft currency直接标价direct quotation 间接标价indirect quotation金平价gold standard 买入汇率buying rate 卖出汇率selling rate固定汇率fixed rate 通货膨胀inflation金本位制度gold standard 黄金输送点gold points 铸币平价mint par纸币制度paper money system 国际货币基金international monetary fund黄金外汇储备gold and foreign exchange reserve汇率波动的官定上下限official upper and lower limits of fluctuatio2.国际贸易术语FCA (Free Carrier) 货交承运人FAS (Free Alongside Ship) 装运港船边交货FOB (Free on Board) 装运港船上交货CFR (Cost and Freight) 成本加运费CIF (Cost,Insurance and Freight) 成本、保险费加运费CPT (Carriage Paid To) 运费付至目的地CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To) 运费、保险费付至目的地DAF (Delivered At Frontier) 边境交货DES (Delivered Ex Ship) 目的港船上交货DEQ (Delivered Ex Quay) 目的港码头交货DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid) 未完税交货DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) 完税后交货进出口贸易出口信贷export credit 出口津贴export subsidy 商品倾销dumping外汇倾销exchange dumping优惠关税special preferences 保税仓库bonded warehouse贸易顺差favorable balance of trade 贸易逆差unfavorable balance of trade进口配额制import quotas 自由贸易区free trade zone对外贸易值value of foreign trade 国际贸易值value of international trade普遍优惠制generalized system of preferences-GSP最惠国待遇most-favored nation treatment-MFNT3.国际货物运输交货条件交货delivery 轮船steamship(缩写S.S) 装运、装船shipment租船charter (the chartered ship)交货时间time of delivery 定程租船voyage charter 装运期限time of shipment定期租船time charter托运人(一般指出口商)shipper, consignor 收货人consignee班轮regular shipping liner 驳船lighter舱位shipping space 油轮tanker 报关clearance of goods 陆运收据cargo receipt 提货to take delivery of goods空运提单airway bill 正本提单original BL 选择港(任意港)optional port选港费optional charges选港费由买方负担optional charges to be borne by the Buyers 或optional charges for Buyers’ account一月份装船shipment during January 或January shipment一月底装船shipment not later than Jan.31st.或shipment on or before Jan.31st.一/二月份装船shipment during Jan./Feb.或Jan./Feb. shipment在......(时间)分两批装船shipment during....in two lots在......(时间)平均分两批装船shipment during....in two equal lots分三个月装运in three monthly shipments 分三个月,每月平均装运in three equal monthly shipments立即装运immediate shipments 即期装运prompt shipments收到信用证后30天内装运shipments within 30 days after receipt of L/C不允许/允许分批装船partial shipment not allowed /partial shipment not permitted /partial shipment not unacceptable4.国际货物运输保险贸易保险术语All Risks 一切险F.P.A. (Free from Particular Average) 平安险W.A. / W.P.A (With Average or With Particular Average) 水渍险War Risk 战争险 F.W.R.D. (Fresh Water Rain Damage) 淡水雨淋险Risk of Intermixture and Contamination 混杂、玷污险Risk of Leakage 渗漏险Risk of Odor 串味险Risk of Rust 锈蚀险Shortage Risk 短缺险T.P.N.D. ( Theft, Pilferage & Non-delivery) 偷窃提货不着险Strikes Risk 罢工险5.国际国务买卖合同交易磋商、合同签订订单indent 订货;订购book; booking 电复cable reply实盘firm offer 递盘bid; bidding递实盘bid firm 还盘counter offer 发盘(发价)offer 发实盘offer firm询盘(询价)inquiry;enquiry指示性价格price indication 速复reply immediately 参考价reference price 习惯做法usual practice交易磋商business negotiation 不受约束without engagement业务洽谈business discussion限**复subject to reply ** 限* *复到subject to reply reaching here **有效期限time of validity有效至**: valid till ** 购货合同purchase contract 销售合同sales contract购货确认书purchase confirmation 销售确认书sales confirmation一般交易条件general terms and conditions以未售出为准subject to prior sale 需经卖方确认subject to seller’s confirmation 需经我方最后确认subject to our final confirmation6.贸易方式stocks 存货,库存量cash sale现货purchase 购买,进货bulk sale 整批销售,趸售distribution channels 销售渠道wholesale 批发retail trade 零售业hire-purchase 分期付款购买fluctuate in line with market conditions 随行就市unfair competition不合理竞争dumping 商品倾销dumping profit margin 倾销差价,倾销幅度antidumping 反倾销customs bond 海关担保chain debts 三角债freight forwarder 货运代理trade consultation 贸易磋商mediation of dispute 商业纠纷调解partial shipment 分批装运restraint of trade 贸易管制RTA (Regional Trade Arrangements) 区域贸易安排favorable balance of trade 贸易顺差unfavorable balance of trade 贸易逆差bonded warehouse 保税仓库transit trade 转口贸易tariff barrier 关税壁垒tax rebate 出口退税TBT (Technical Barriers to Trade) 技术性贸易壁垒INT (拍卖auction) 寄售consignment 招标invitation of tender投标submission of tenderagent 一般代理人general agent总代理人agency agreement 代理协议accumulative commission累计佣金compensation trade补偿贸易(或抵偿贸易)compensating/compensatory trade(又叫:往返贸易)counter tradeprocessing on giving materials来料加工assembling on provided parts 来料装配exclusive right独家经营/专营权exclusivity agreement 独家经营/包销/代理协议sole agency; sole agent; exclusive agency;exclusive agent独家代理7.商检仲裁索赔claim 争议disputes 罚金条款penalty 仲裁arbitration不可抗力force Majeure 仲裁庭arbitral tribunal产地证明书certificate of origin 品质检验证书inspection certificate of quanlity重量检验证书inspection certificate of weight (quantity)**商品检验局**commodity inspection bureau (*.C.I.B)品质、重量检验证书inspection certificate8.贸易机构及贸易伙伴词汇WTO (World Trade Organization) 世界贸易组织IMF (International Monetary Fund) 国际货币基金组织CTG (Council for Trade in Goods) 货币贸易理事会EFTA (European Free Trade Association) 欧洲自由贸易联盟AFTA (ASEAN Free Trade Area) 东盟自由贸易区JCCT (China-US Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade) 中美商贸联委会NAFTA (North American Free Trade Area) 北美自由贸易区UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) 联合国贸易与发展议GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 关贸总协定trade partner 贸易伙伴manufacturer 制造商,制造厂middleman 中间商,经纪人dealer 经销商wholesaler 批发商retailer, tradesman 零售商merchant 商人,批发商,零售商concessionaire, licensed dealer 受让人,特许权获得者consumer 消费者,用户client, customer 顾客,客户buyer 买主,买方carrier 承运人consignee 收货人当我被上帝造出来时,上帝问我想在人间当一个怎样的人,我不假思索的说,我要做一个伟大的世人皆知的人。
国际贸易常用英语
stocks 存货,库存量cash sale 现货purchase 购买,进货bulk sale 整批销售,趸售distribution channels 销售渠道wholesale 批发retail trade 零售业hire-purchase 分期付款购买fluctuate in line with market conditions 随行就市unfair competition 不合理竞争dumping 商品倾销dumping profit margin 倾销差价,倾销幅度antidumping 反倾销customs bond 海关担保chain debts 三角债freight forwarder 货运代理trade consultation 贸易磋商mediation of dispute 商业纠纷调解partial shipment 分批装运restraint of trade 贸易管制RTA (Regional Trade Arrangements) 区域贸易安排favorable balance of trade 贸易顺差unfavorable balance of trade 贸易逆差special preferences 优惠关税bonded warehouse 保税仓库transit trade 转口贸易tariff barrier 关税壁垒tax rebate 出口退税TBT (Technical Barriers to Trade) 技术性贸易壁垒贸易伙伴术语trade partner 贸易伙伴manufacturer 制造商,制造厂middleman 中间商,经纪人dealer 经销商wholesaler 批发商retailer, tradesman 零售商merchant 商人,批发商,零售商concessionaire, licensed dealer 受让人,特许权获得者consumer 消费者,用户client, customer 顾客,客户buyer 买主,买方carrier 承运人consignee 收货人进出口贸易词汇commerce, trade, trading 贸易inland trade, home trade, domestic trade 国内贸易international trade 国际贸易foreign trade, external trade 对外贸易,外贸import, importation 进口importer 进口商export, exportation 出口exporter 出口商import licence 进口许口证export licence 出口许口证commercial transaction 买卖,交易inquiry 询盘delivery 交货order 订货make a complete entry 正式/完整申报bad account 坏帐Bill of Lading 提单marine bills of lading 海运提单shipping order 托运单blank endorsed 空白背书endorsed 背书cargo receipt 承运货物收据condemned goods 有问题的货物catalogue 商品目录customs liquidation 清关customs clearance 结关国际贸易英语词汇集锦一贸易价格术语trade term / price term 价格术语world / international market price 国际市场价格FOB (free on board) 离岸价C&F (cost and freight) 成本加运费价CIF (cost, insurance and freight) 到岸价freight 运费wharfage 码头费landing charges 卸货费customs duty 关税port dues 港口税import surcharge 进口附加税import variable duties 进口差价税commission 佣金return commission 回佣,回扣price including commission 含佣价net price 净价wholesale price 批发价discount / allowance 折扣retail price 零售价spot price 现货价格current price 现行价格 / 时价indicative price 参考价格customs valuation 海关估价price list 价目表total value 总值贸易保险术语All Risks 一切险(Free from Particular Average) 平安险. / (With Average or With Particular Average) 水渍险War Risk 战争险(Fresh Water Rain Damage) 淡水雨淋险Risk of Intermixture and Contamination 混杂、玷污险Risk of Leakage 渗漏险Risk of Odor 串味险Risk of Rust 锈蚀险Shortage Risk 短缺险( Theft, Pilferage&Non-delivery) 偷窃提货不着险Strikes Risk 罢工险贸易机构词汇WTO (World Trade Organization) 世界贸易组织IMF (International Monetary Fund) 国际货币基金组织CTG (Council for Trade in Goods) 货币贸易理事会EFTA (European Free Trade Association) 欧洲自由贸易联盟AFTA (ASEAN Free Trade Area) 东盟自由贸易区JCCT (China-US Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade) 中美商贸联委会NAFTA (North American Free Trade Area) 北美自由贸易区UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) 联合国贸易与发展会议GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 关贸总协定对外贸易常用英语(1) They mainly trade with Japanese firms.他们主要和日本商行进行贸易。
贸易常用英语词汇
贸易常用英语词汇(共12页)--本页仅作为文档封面,使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--ntage 绝对优势acceptance (l)承兑;承兑票据,(2)承诺acceptance of bill of exchange 汇票承兑入抬头人账户;只可转帐account receivable 应收帐款accountant 会计人员;会计主任;会计师accum advertising 广告advertising agency 广告公司;广告代理商advertising appeal 广告诉求advertising m dinaries Index 所有普通股指数allocate 分配allotment 分配数allowance (l)折让,(2)津贴amalg 期的支票arbitrator 仲裁人Articles of Association 组织章程Asian Development Bank (ADB) 亚洲发展银tomatic teller machine 自动柜员机average clause 受保范围;损失条款avoidable risk 可避免之风险B est rate 银行利率bank note 钞票bank overdraft 银行透支bank services 银行服务Banking Ordinance 银票;不记名支票bearer share 无记名股票below par 低于票面值best lending rate 最优惠贷款利率;最董事会;董事局bond 债券bonded warehouse 公税仓bonus 红利;花红bonus issue 发行红股bonus sh 子名称broker 经纪brokerage firm 经纪行budget 预算bulk-breaking 分件bulk-buying 大量购买bull 看egistration certificate 商业登记证business reply service 商业回邮服务C call option 买入期权callable b 资本物品capital intensive 资本密集capital market 资本市场capital reserve 资本公积金;资金储备c 货价包括运费carrier (1)运货工具,(2)承运商cash discount 现金折扣cash dispenser 现金提款机 incorporation 公司注册证certificate of origin 产地来源证;来源证certificate of posting 投寄邮件证明Gold & Silver Exchange Society, The 金银业贸易场Chinese Manufacturers' Association of Hong Kong, The tive society 合作社co-partner 合伙人code of practice 操作守则coinsurance 共负保险collateral 抵押品modity exchange 商品交易所;期货交易所common carrier (1)运输业,(2)承运商common stock 性最低存款额competitive advertising 竞争性广告confirmed letter of credit 保兑信用证;保兑信用状c 消费者行为Consumer Council 消费者委员会Consumer Council Ordinance 消费者委员会条例consum ontract 合约;契约;合同contributed capital 缴入资本convenience goods 便利品convenience store 便本包括运费cost of goods sold 销货成本cost, insurance and freight (CIF) 货价、保险及运费;到岸价格信用卡credit insurance 信用保险;信贷保险credit note 贷项通知单;入帐通知书credit period 赊帐期eque 划线支票cum dividend 带息cumulative dividend 累积股息cumulative preference share 累积优先duty 关税D data processing 数据处理data transmission 数据传输debenture 债券debit (l)借方,(债融资debtor 债务人;债户deed 契据;契约default 违约;拖欠deferred asset 递延资产deficit 亏绌;存款deposit-taking company 接受存款公司depositor 存户depreciation (1)折旧,(2)损耗Design Coun 行销direct shipment 直接装运disability insurance 伤残保险discount (1)折扣,(2)贴现discount a;拒付支票dissolution 解散;解体distribution channel 分销途径distributor 经销商;分销商diversific 交单document of title (1)业权;所有权,(2)业权文件documentary bill 跟单汇票documentary cr nt 首期付款draft 汇票drawee 受票人drawer 发票人dumping 倾销durable goods 耐用物品duty 税du 务embargo 禁运employees' compensation insurance 雇员赔偿保险employer's liability insurance 雇主ty 产权;主权;权益equity capital 主权资本;权益资本;股本equity finance 主权资金equity financ 仓库交货价;出仓价ex-right 除权ex-warehouse 仓库交货价;出仓价ex-works 出厂价;工厂交货价xporter 出口商exports 出口express delivery 专运express terms 明示条款extra dividend 额外股利F fa of Hong Kong Industries 香港工业总会fictitious asset 虚设资产final dividend 末期股息;末期股利fin 年度finished goods 制成品fire insurance 火险firm 商号;商行;企业fixed asset 固定资产fixed capita n exchange control 外汇管制foreign exchange rate 汇率foreign trade 对外贸易;国际贸易forfeited sh alongside ship (FAS) 船边交货价 free currency 自由货币free on board (FOB) 船上交货价;离岸价free p eals 期货交易futures market 期货市场futures price 期货价格G gearing ratio 资本与负债的比率;资本s loss 毛损gross margin 毛利gross profit 毛利gross weight 毛重H Hang Seng Index 恒生指数hire purc e Corporation 香港出口信用保险局Hong Kong Futures Exchange Limited 香港期货交易所有限公司Ho ciation, The 香港管理专业协会Hong Kong Productivity Council 香港生产力促进局Hong Kong Standard ;游资hypermarket 特级市场I I Owe You (IOU) 欠条;欠单;借据implied terms 默示条款import dut indenture 合约;契约index number 指数Indian Chamber of Commerce Hong Kong, The 香港印度商会通货膨胀informative advertising 信息式广告infrastructure 基础设施;基本建设inland mail 本埠邮件付款贷款insurable interest 可保利益insurable risks 可保风险insurance 保险insurance fund 保险基金in 集性分销;密集的推销方法;广泛性分销interest (1)利息,(2)权益;利益interim dividend 中期股息;国际贸易inventory (1)存货,(2)财产清单inventory control 存货控制;存货管理;存货管制invento 撤销信用证issued capital 已发行股本J jobber 证券经销经纪,证券批销经纪;批家joint account 联合帐faire 自由放任lease (1)租赁;租,(2)租约legal entity 法人;法定个体lessee 承租人;承批人lessor 出人寿保险limited company 有限公司limited liability 有限债务责任;有限责任limited partner 有限合伙;变现性;变现能力liquidity ratio 流动资金比率listed company 上市公司listed security 上市证券lo ;长期资金long-term liability 长期负债long-term loan 长期贷款loss 损失;亏蚀loss leader 亏本出售商;市价总值market diversification 市场多元化;市场分散market price 市价market research 市场调查模生产mate's receipt 大副收据maturity 到期Memorandum of Association 组织大纲merchandise 商品le shop 流动商店Money Changers Ordinance 货币兑换商条例monopolist 垄断者;独占者mortgage 抵MFA) 多种纤维协定;多纤协定multi-national company 跨国公司multiple shop 连锁商店N nationaliz loss 净损失net profit 纯利net profit on sales 销货纯利net working capital 营运资金净额net worth 净r 名义合伙人nominal value 名义价值;票面值non-cumulative preference share 非累积优先股non-du es 票据拒付手续费O offer for sale 出让;公开发售on consignment 寄销open cheque 不记名支票ope ordinary share 普通股Organisati------------------I am stronger than before!。
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经济生活中关于国际贸易的常用词汇简介1.倾销一般情况下,进口国反倾销机构都是以价格倾销标准为基础,只有当出口国国内市场的正常贸易过程中不存在该同类产品的销售,或由于出口国国内的特殊市场情况或销售量较低,不允许对此类销售进行适当比较时(参见“世贸组织反倾销协定”第2条第2款和欧盟“384/96号规则”第2条),才考虑适用成本倾销标准。
在国际贸易中,一种产品是否被视为倾销首先需要准确判定其正常价值。
在实务中,倾销产品的正常价值有三种判定标准:(1)根据出口国(地区)国内市场正常贸易过程中的可比价格确定。
该标准的前提为出口国是市场经济国家,否则,即以在特定产品上的劳动生产率和成本等方面与出口国相同或相似的市场经济国家的市场价格来代替;(2)根据这种同类产品出口到一个适当第三国(地区)的可比价格确定;(3)根据这种同类产品在原产国(地区)的生产成本加合理费用、利润确定。
前两种标准主要通过市场调查取得,而第三种标准则需要根据符合国际惯例的会计制度对产品的生产要素投入、直接成本、间接成本和费用的确认和计量确定。
根据WTO《反倾销协议》第二条的规定,出口产品的正常价值是在正常贸易过程中(in the ordinary course of trade)出口国供国内消费的同类产品的可比价格(Comparable Price)。
用以计算正常价值的可比价格包括三种:(1)出口国国内市场价格;(2)出口到第三国同类产品的可比价格;(3)推算价格(Constructed Price)。
因此,理论上,确定出口产品的正常价值并不困难,但由于反倾销的保护主义本质,正常价值的计算方法经常成为保护主义滥用的首要突破口,从而使正常价值的计算变得十分复杂。
1) 正常贸易过程的界定:所谓正常贸易过程是指出口商与进口商或第三方之间没有伙伴合作关系或补偿性安排的销售。
[沈木珠,P493] WTO《反倾销协议》第二条2.2、2.3款规定了不属于正常贸易过程的三种情况:(1)当出口国国内市场的正常贸易过程中不存在该同类产品的销售,或由于出口国国内市场的特殊市场情况(Particular Market Situation)或销售量较低时(通常指国内市场中消费的同类产品销售占被调查产品占进口国销量不足5%);(2)产品销售给与之有关联或补偿性安排(Association or a Compensatory Arrangement)的公司;(3)低于成本价格销售。
这是因为,销量较低时或进口方与出口方之间存在关联交易时的成交价格发生了扭曲,不能反映出口产品的正常价值。
根据WTO 《反倾销协议》的规定,低于成本价格销售可以直接确定为倾销,但这一规定受到普遍质疑和反对。
2) 同类产品的界定:根据WTO《反倾销协议》的规定,同类产品指与被指控为倾销的产品在各方面都相同或相似。
如果不存在该类产品,即指虽然并非在所有方面都相同,却有与被控倾销的产品极为相似特征的产品。
事实上,要求产品在物理性能、化学特性、适用或使用方面完全相同或一致是根本不可能的。
因此,判断是否属于同类产品的根本依据在于被指控倾销的出口产品与被选定的出口国国内产品是否存在实质相似性、直接竞争性和可替代性。
3) 国内市场价格的确定:国内市场价格又称国内销售价格(Domestic Sale Price),指被指控为倾销的产品或与其相似的产品在反倾销期间在出口国国内市场实际支付或约定支付的价格。
但是,根据GATT第六条的要求,用来确定正常价值的出口国国内市场价格和向第三国出口价格必须是在正常贸易过程中发生的,非市场经济国家的产品价格和成本等生产要素均不是由市场决定的,而是由国家控制,价格不能反映产品的正常价值。
所以,对于市场经济国家的出口产品的正常价值由其国内市场销售价格确定,而非市场经济国家的出口产品的正常价值则根据选定的替代国的同类产品的价格确定。
但是,世界上并没有完全的自由市场经济或国家控制的计划经济,每个国家的政府都不同程度地对经济进行直接或间接的控制。
实践中,反倾销机构确定一国是否属于非市场经济国家时更多地考虑了该国的政治制度和意识形态,而非经济状况。
[余劲松,P95] 我国就是这种制度典型的受害者。
欧盟、美国和加拿大等西方国家经常利用这种区分市场经济和非市场经济国家的方法,针对不同的国家提起反倾销诉讼,以达到保护本国国内产业的目的。
4) 替代国价格与替代国制度一般认为,替代国制度指欧美等西方国家在确定来自非市场经济国家产品的正常价值时不使用该产品在出口国国内市场的销售价格,而选择一个经济发展水平与该出口国类似的市场经济国家的同类产品的成本或出口价格作为基础,来计算该产品的正常价值的步骤和措施,因此计算出来的价格即为替代国价格(Surrogate Price)。
这一制度的国际法根据就是GATT第六条及相关的注释。
尽管如此,仍有不少学者对替代国制度的合理性提出质疑。
替代国制度主要涉及非市场经济的界定、替代国的选定标准、替代国产品价格的确定与计算方法。
根据欧盟第905/98号条例,中国虽已从非市场经济国家的名单中删除,但在一些反倾销案件中,中国的企业仍需要提供充分材料证明符合市场经济的标准才能采用中国的产品国内销售价格。
因此,欧盟对华反倾销的政策的实质是,对中国的市场经济地位总体上肯定而实际上否定,抽象地承认而具体地否定。
5)向第三国出口价格:向第三国出口价格(Export Price for Third Party)指被指控为倾销的产品或类似产品在出口国国内无销售或者虽有销售,但销量极小,不能以国内销售价格计算,由反倾销主管机构决定用相同或相似产品出口到一个合适的第三国,且其出口产品的价格以具有代表性的可比价格作为正常价值计算。
适用向第三国出口价格必须符合四个条件:(1)向该第三国出口的产品必须与被控倾销的产品相同或最相似;(2)该第三国必须是该同类产品的最大进口国;(3)该第三国国内市场产品价格具有可比性;(4)在该第三国市场的销售价格必须达到能够收回生产成本的要求。
但是,如何把握“合适”和“具有代表性”并无固定统一的标准,完全取决于反倾销主管机构的自由裁量,因而向第三国出口价格经常成为对付非市场经济国家产品的重要手段。
6)推算价格:推算价格,也称结构价格,指产品在原产地的生产成本基础上加上合理的销售、管理及其他费用和利润所形成的价格,主要在国内销售价格和对第三国的出口价格都不符合要求而无法用于比较时,反倾销主管机构用来确定产品的正常价值。
由于生产成本是用产品生产者实际消耗的原材料数量及其市场价格计算出来的,这些生产成本和相关费用及利润的计算所依据的数据材料就必须真实、可靠。
所以,WTO《反倾销协议》明确规定“所加利润不得超过原产地国国内市场同类产品销售正常得到的利润”,成本应根据出口商按本国公认的会计准则所作的会计资料确定,以抑制进口国反倾销主管机构任意性处理权的滥用,防止不合理成本和费用的分摊,保证推算价格的公正性。
(二)倾销幅度的确定由于倾销幅度(Margin of Dumping)的大小直接关系到实施反倾销税税率的高低,倾销幅度的确定更显得重要。
在欧盟,倾销的幅度高于或等于欧盟进口产品和欧盟国内产业生产的相同产品的总差价,这种计算方法倍受质疑,也使欧盟成为反倾销措施最严厉的经济体根据WTO《反倾销协议》的规定,当出口产品的出口价格低于其正常价值时,构成倾销,两者的差额就是倾销幅度,但倾销幅度低于2%时可以忽略不计。
确定倾销幅度有四种方法:(1)将产品出口价格与其国内销售价格进行比较产生的差额;(2)把产品出口价格与该国向第三国出口的同类产品的可比价格比较;(3)将出口产品的出口价格与推算价格相比较;(4)平均对平均,个别对个别的比较方法。
前文已述,此处不赘。
我国《反倾销条例》也作了同样的规定。
2.贸易保护主义,指在对外贸易中实行限制进口以保护本国商品在国内市场免受外国商品竞争,并向本国商品提供各种优惠以增强其国际竞争力的主张和政策。
在限制进口方面,主要是采取关税壁垒和非关税壁垒两种措施。
前者主要是通过征收高额进口关税阻止外国商品的大量进口;后者则包括采取进口许可证制、进口配额制等一系列非关税措施来限制外国商品自由进口。
贸易保护主义保护主义,在对外贸易中实行限制进口以保护本国商品在国内市场免受外国商品竞争,并向本国商品提供各种优惠以增强其国际竞争力的主张和政策。
在限制进口方面,主要是采取关税壁垒和非关税壁垒两种措施。
前者主要是通过征收高额进口关税阻止外国商品的大量进口;后者则包括采取进口许可证制、进口配额制等一系列非关税措施来限制外国商品自由进口。
这些措施也是经济不发达国家保护民族工业、发展国民经济的一项重要手段。
对发达国家来说则是调整国际收支、纠正贸易逆差的一个重要工具。
在自由竞争资本主义时期,较晚发展的资本主义国家,常常推行贸易保护主义政策。
发达国家则多提倡自由贸易,贸易保护主义只是用来作对付危机的临时措施。
到了垄断阶段,垄断资本主义国家推行的贸易保护主义,已不仅仅是抵制外国商品进口的手段,更成为对外扩张、争夺世界市场的手段。
贸易保护主义,无论新旧,其中心思想是一样的:任何一项经济政策都可能会影响到一国的收入分配格局,因而会引起不同社会阶层或利益集团不同的反应。
但新旧相比,新贸易保护主义更胜一筹,具有强制性强,对贸易各方影响大而直接,受约束范围广和表现形式多样等特点。
简单说来,新贸易保护主义主要的壁垒形式包括:1. 绿色壁垒。
工业化进程的加快,像大气污染、温室效应、有毒废物排放、物种灭绝、资源枯竭等生态环境方面的问题日益严重,引起了世人的高度关注。
工业发达国家以生态环保为借口,凭借其经济和技术的垄断地位,制定了一系列苛刻的环保措施和高于发展中国家技术水平的环境质量标准,以此作为市场准入的条件,对本国市场和工业形成保护,构筑了一道绿色屏障,主要形式有——绿色标志。
又称绿标制度或环境标志制度,是指国际间有资质的认证机构依据有关所谓绿色标准对商品进行认证并颁发标志和证书的一项制度。
绿标图案多为天鹅、常绿树、蒲公英等,富有绿色寓意。
凡没有取得绿标的进口商品将受到数量和价格上的限制,而加贴了绿标的则被认为是一种“环境质量信得过”的“绿色产品”。
这当中所涉及的认证标准是对包括资源利用、生产工艺及处理技术和产品循环利用、使用后处理等全过程的环境行为进行监管。
涉及的产品大多为节能低耗品、清洁工艺品和低毒品等。
绿标制度的实施,有利于人们环境意识的提高、价值观念的转变和防治污染能力的增强。
但由于各国环境标准存在差异,发达国家更是凭借其经济和技术优势制定了较高的环境标准,使得发展中国家处于十分不利的地位,客观上为发达国家的市场设置了贸易壁垒,从而有违公平贸易的基本准则。