高三英语一轮复习状语从句(知识讲解)
高考英语一轮复习 语法点专题讲解 状语从句
状语从句状语从句在句中作状语,修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。
状语从句放在主句之前时,常用逗号分开:放在主句之后,一般不用逗号。
状语从句按其意文和作用可分为时间、条件、原因、让步、目的、结果、方式、比较、地点等九种。
时间状语从句时间状语从句常用连词有when,as,while,before,after,since,till(until),as soon as,hardly…when…,no sooner…than,the moment等。
时间状语从句一般不用将来时,因此,主句若为将来时,时间状语从句要用一般现在时。
如:I'll go on with the work when I come back tomorrow.一、when, while与as的异同作为从属连词,三者的意思都是“当…时候”,在用法上有如下异同点。
1.在主句的谓语动词表示短暂动作,而从句说的是一段时间发生的动作时,三个连词都可以。
如:I met him as/when/while I was doing some shopping.2.从句动作发生的时间如果是某一点,而且主句动作同时或几乎同时发生时,不能用while,而只能用when或as。
如:I met him as/when I was getting off the bus.3.当从句动作发生在主句动作之前时,只能用when,如:I will ring you up when I return.4.主句用进行时态,从句动作发生的时间如果是某一点,只能用when。
如:My mother was cooking the supper when I got home.5.如果主句和从句的动作都在一段时间发生,可用as或while,只不过as强调主句和从句中的动作同时发生,而while强调主句的动作延续于while所指的整个时间。
As I put on my coat,something fell out of the pocket onto the floor.While he was in prison,Joe Hill continued to write songs to keep up the worker's fight.二、when的从属连词用法when作为从属连词引导时间状语从句,既可放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后。
高三英语一轮复习状语从句
高三英语一轮复习状语从句状语从句Adverbial Clauses高考考察【专题要点】状语从句考点概览:1.when,while,as引导时间状语从句的区别;2.名词词组the minute,the moment,the first time,each time,any time 等用作连词,引导时间状语;3.before,和since 引导时间状语从句的用法以及常见的几个句型;4.till和until的用法;5.although,though,as以及even if,even though 引导让步状语从句的用法;6.结果状语从句中“so ----that”与“such---that”的区别;7.条件状语从句unless,providing/provided,suppose/supposing等引导词的用法;8.“疑问词+ever”和“no matter+疑问词”引导从句的用法【考纲要求】考纲要求在复习状语从句中掌握如下几点:1.全面掌握状语从句的九大类别;2.根据历年高考试题,对状语从句的考点要进行全面的归纳,在九大类别中的考查热点中,重点把握在引导时间、地点、条件、让步、比较、原因状语从句的连词运用上;3.熟练运用出现频率较高让步状语从句和原因状语从句;4.做好易混词的辨析如:as,when,while等,时间状语从句因为连接词容易出现在一些常用结构里也经常出现;5.掌握状语从句中的时态、语态、语气、省略;6.与其它从句、句型结合起来分析、辨析。
【基本概念】1、定义:在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句,它可以用来修饰谓语(包括非谓语动词)、定语或状语,或是整个句子。
2、从属连词:用来连接两个句子、且一个句子从属于另一个句子(即从句)的连词。
这类连词叫从属连词。
从属连词主要用于引导各种状语从句。
3、九大状语从句:时间状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、地点状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句。
高三英语一轮复习状语从句讲义以及练习题(高考总复习,纯干货,原创)
1.状语从句概念?状语从句指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子。
状语从句在高考中考察基本是以翻译从句引导词为主。
2.分类以及各个从属连词用法?2.1时间状语从句(when,while,as, no t…until, since,before……)when,while,as区别:while用引导的动作必须是持续的,侧重于主句动作和从句动作相对比e.g I was cooking at noon while she was sleeping.as“一边…一边…”或着“随着”e.g He was looking behind as he walked.As times flies, the weather is getting cooler and cooler当主句表达短暂性动作,而从句表示一段时间内的延续性动作时,.用三者都可以I met Jim when/while/as I was riding in Heping Road.其他:as soon as, immediately, directly, the moment, the instant, once(一…就…)The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mom.I will leave here as soon as I get my visa.(主将从现:if/as soon as/when/until 引导的时间状语从句)no sooner…than…; hardly…when…; scarcely…when…(一…就…, 但含有否定意味的词置于句首时,主句要部分倒装)(hardly…before…; scarcely…before…)主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。
I had hardly got home when it began to rain.Hadly had I got home when it began to rain.No sooner had we reached at school than the bell went.till/untill(直到till不可以用于句首), not…until(直到…才…)注意not until强调句用法和倒装句用法。
高考英语语法一轮复习 状语从句 )(共52张PPT)
4._A_s__lo__n_g_a_s__ you listen to me, I'll give
whatever you want.
1. not…until: 直到…才
1. 我什么都不会说,直到你让我说。
I won’t say anything until you tell me to. 2. 直到他回来,我们才开始工作。 We didn’t start the work until he came back.
not… until句型中强调和倒装: It was not until he came back that we started the work. Not until he came back did we start the work.
It is three years since he smoked. 他不吸烟有三年了。 It is three years since he began to smoke. 他吸烟有三年了。 It is three years since he joined the army. 他参军有三年了。 It is three years since he was a soldier. 他退役有三年了。 It is years since I enjoyed myself so much. 好多年没玩的这么痛快了。
It is/ has been +一段时间+ since … did: ①(did为短暂动词) 自从…以来已经多久了; ②(did为持续动词) 不…以来已经多久了 It has been twenty days since the war broke out. It is ten years since he lived here.
高考英语语法一轮复习——状语从句讲解(附答案)
状语从句由从句担任的状语,在句子中可修饰谓语(或其它动词)、形容词、副词或是整个句子,它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。
第一讲时间, 地点状语从句时间状语从句:when, while, as, before, after, since , wheneveruntil, till, by the time(注意时态)as soon as, had hardly…when, had no sooner…than, (on doing sth…)the moment, every time/ each time, the first time, oncee.g: When he came, I had cleaned the classroom.He didn’t stop working until his mother came bake.He worked until his mother came back.As soon as he returned, he bought a new flat.He had no sooner returned than he bought a new flatHe came to scene the moment he heard the news.I thought her nice and honest the first time I met him.Once he makes up your mind, he won’t change his min d.It was two years before I met him again. = Two years passed before I met him again.注意点1. when引导的从句动词可以是延续性的或短暂性的,while引导的从句中动词必须是延续性的;while有时并不表示时间,而表示对比,表示“而”、“却”。
高三英语 状语从句 知识精讲
高三英语状语从句知识精讲状语从句修饰主句中的动词,形容词或副词,表示时间,地点,原因,结果,目的,条件,方式,比拟,让步等。
1. 时间状语从句由连词when , while , as , before , after , till , until , since , once 和词组as soon as , every time , each time引导。
.eg. You’d better turn down the radio when others a re sleeping.在别人睡觉时,你最好调低收音机的音量。
The smoke grew heavier and thicker till it looked like a great fog .烟变得越来越浓,直到看起来像一团大雾一样。
Each time you fail, start all over again .当你每次失败后,你就要从头再来一遍。
I’ll give note to him as soon as the meeting is over.会议一完毕,我就要把条子交给他。
注意:〔1〕当复合句中主从句都是将来时,时间状语从句中由现在时表示将来。
He will call you as soon as he arrives at the airport.〔2〕while和when都可以表示“当…时〞,但while是表示“在与…的同时〞,只能接可以延续的动词〔study , stay , live〕不能接瞬间动词〔begin , finish , arrive〕, when无此限制。
Please be quiet while (when ) I am here.He was still on the way when school began.〔3〕till与until都可以表示“直到…才〞,但till不可用在句首。
I stayed here until (till) be came .表示“直到…才〞要用“not… until〞。
2024届高考英语一轮复习语法:状语从句课件
The dog will eat a cake as soon as the cat leaves.
主句
从句
2.地点状语从句
地点状语从句
引导词:where + 强调形式
Wherever,everywhere,anywhere 不管哪里,任何地方,所有地方
2.地点状语从句 狗狗在发现蛋糕的地方吃了它。 The dog ate the cake where he found it.
1.时间状语从句 在某一时间之中 引导词:when while as
when: 时间点,“突然”
我到家的时候,狗狗在吃蛋糕。
The dog was eating a cake when I reached home.
e:时间段
我在做饭的过程中,狗狗在吃蛋糕。
The dog was eating a cake while I was cooking.
She is as beautiful as Snow White. 她和白雪公主一样漂亮.
3.比较状语从句
比较状语从句:更…
He is smarter than I. He is smarter than l am.
This cake is bigger than that one. This cake is bigger than that one is.
Because > since > as
因果/语气
原 因
because > since > as
状 语 because 引导的实实在在的因果关系
从 句
since 引导的是众所周知的事实
as 引导的是显而易见的事实
状语从句知识点归纳高三
状语从句知识点归纳高三高三阶段是学生为了参加高考而奋斗的关键时期。
语法知识对于学生的语言表达和写作能力至关重要。
状语从句是一个常见的语法结构,也是高三学生需要掌握和运用的知识点之一。
本文将对状语从句的定义、分类以及常见的用法进行归纳总结,帮助高三学生更好地应对语法考试和提升语言表达能力。
一、状语从句的定义状语从句是一个句子,在句中充当状语,用来修饰谓语动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
状语从句通常由连词引导,包括时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、方式等多种类型。
二、状语从句的分类和特点1. 时间状语从句时间状语从句用来表示动作或事件发生的时间,常见的引导词有when、while、as、since、until等。
例如:- She was reading a book when I saw her.- They have been friends since they were in kindergarten.2. 地点状语从句地点状语从句用来表示动作发生的地点或者某个动作的方向,常见的引导词有where、wherever等。
例如:- He will go wherever his parents go.3. 原因状语从句原因状语从句用来表示某个动作或者事件的原因,常见的引导词有because、since、as等。
例如:- He failed the exam because he didn't study hard.4. 条件状语从句条件状语从句用来表示某个动作的发生或者某件事情的成立条件,常见的引导词有if、unless、as long as等。
例如:- If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.5. 目的状语从句目的状语从句用来表示某个动作或者事件的目的,常见的引导词有so that、in order that等。
例如:- We study hard so that we can pass the exam.6. 方式状语从句方式状语从句用来表示某个动作或者事件的方式,常见的引导词有as、as if等。
状语从句知识点总结高考
状语从句知识点总结高考状语从句是一个句子,用来修饰主句谓语动词的状语成分。
它使用了连接词(或连接副词),并在主句中充当状语。
状语从句可以表示时间、原因、目的、条件、方式、比较、让步等不同的情况。
1. 引导词状语从句的引导词有很多种,其中最常见的有:(1)时间状语从句:when, while, as, before, after, since, until等。
(2)地点状语从句:where, wherever等。
(3)原因状语从句:because, since, as, for等。
(4)条件状语从句:if, unless, provided that等。
(5)目的状语从句:so that, in order that等。
(6)方式状语从句:as, as if, as though等。
(7)比较状语从句:than, as, as…as等。
(8)让步状语从句:though, although, even if等。
(9)结果状语从句:so…that, such…that等。
2. 位置状语从句一般放在主句前面,但也可以放在主句后面。
当状语从句放在主句前面时,一般用逗号隔开。
例如:Before you leave, please turn off the lights.而当状语从句放在主句后面时,不需要逗号隔开。
例如:He turned off the lights before he left.3. 时态状语从句的时态一般和主句的时态有一定的关系。
在条件状语从句中,通常使用现在时代替将来时,过去时代替过去将来时。
在时间状语从句中,通常使用过去时替代主句中的现在时,过去完成时替代主句中的过去时。
在目的状语从句中,通常使用should/ would/ could/ might+动词原形。
在让步状语从句中,通常使用虚拟语气。
在结果状语从句中,通常使用so…that, such…that引导。
4. 语序状语从句中,如果主句的谓语动词是及物动词,那么连接词的选用也是有一定限制的。
高考英语一轮复习状语从句引导词用法及特殊句型归纳讲义
状语从句知识清单一.时间状语1.when 当…时候2.as 一边….一边….3.while 当…时候(从句必须是延续性动词)4.after 在…之后5.before 在…之前6.since 自从….注:时态问题:从句用一班过去时;主句用完成时(1)have/has done(2)have/has been doing7.once 曾经8.until :直到...9.not…until 直到…才…10.till 直到…..11.一…就… as soon as= the moment= the minute= the instant= immediately=directly= instantly= once12.every time(每次)= each time(每次)13.next time(下一次)14.any time(任何时候)15.the last time (最后一次)二.地点状语1.where 在…地方2.wherever 无论…地方3.everywhere 每个地方三.原因状语1.because 因为2.since因为3.as 因为4.now that 既然…;由于….= when5.in that 因为….6.for 因为…四.让步状语1.although 虽然2.though 虽然3.even if= even though 即使….5. as (形式倒装)虽然 =though注:形式倒装:把表语/ 动词原形/ 副词提到句首倒装,其余不变。
6.whether…or ….. 不论….还是….7.no matter what/who/how/where/when 无论什么/ 无论谁/ 无论怎样8.whatever/whoever/however/wherever/whenever 无论什么/无论谁/无论怎样注:however +adj. + 主语+谓语,...... 无论多么.....9.while 虽然;即使…10. when 虽然、即使五.条件状语1. if 如果….注:only if ;只要..... :only +状语,放在句首,主句部分要用部分倒装。
状语从句高考英语一轮复习语法讲解 26张
? I didn't realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.
? 直到我成为了一个成年人我才意识到我的母亲 是多么的特殊。
? ②特殊引导词:the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day ,the instant( 瞬间, 顷刻), immediately , directly( 不久,立即), no sooner … than( 一...就...), hardly …when( 刚一... 就...) , scarcely … when( 刚...就.../ 一...就...),as soon as(一…就…)。
? The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.
? 老板要求秘书快写函件以便他能在上面签字。
? The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.
? 4.目的状语从句
? 常用引导词:so that, in order that
? 特殊引导词:lest, in case, for fear that , on purpose that ,in the hope that, for the purpose of , to the end that
二、状语从句的种类
? 状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一 般可分为九大类,分别表示时间、地点、原因、 目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。状语 从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用 连接词和特殊的连接词。
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习:状语从句讲解课件(共59张)
时间状语从句
时间状语从句:用于说明主句动作或状态发生、存在的时间。 (3) 若主句是将来时,从句要用一般现在时。(主将从现) By the time you _______(come) back, I had finished this book. By the time you ________(come) here tomorrow, I will have finished this work. It will be four days before they ________(come) back.
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真题解析
【2017阅读】 When, like me, you're over 40 and you believe the music industry has been in decline since in 1993 (the year Nirvana released in Utero), it's easy to criticize the music taste of “the kids these days,” a term even the 23-year old Swift uses.
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时间状语从句
时间状语从句:用于说明主句动作或状态发生、存在的时间。 (3) 若主句是将来时,从句要用一般现在时。(主将从现)
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02 地点状语从句
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地点状语从句
地点状语从句:用于表达主句动作发生的场所。 (1) 常用引导词:where
Make a mark where you have questions. Where there is love, there is hope. (2) 特殊引导词:wherever Wherever the sea is , you will find sailors.
高考英语一轮复习%3A状语从句讲解
高中英语语法训练试题解析---状语从句状语从句即指在主从复合句中用作状语的从句。
按照其意义,状语从句可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句等。
(1)时间状语从句引导词引导时间状语从句的从属连询很多,常见的有before,after, when, while, as, since, till, until, as soon as等。
时间状语从句常见的引导词:表示“当……时候”:whenMozart started writing music when he was four years old.(在)莫扎特4岁的时候,开始写音乐作品。
在...期间:whileHe visited a lot of places while he was traveling. 他在旅行期间参观了许多地方。
在...的同时;一边...一边...:asWe always sing as we walk. 我们总是一边走一边唱。
在...之后:afterHe left the classroom after he had finished his homework. 他做完作业之后就离开教室。
在...之前:beforeMr. Brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came here.布朗先生来这里之前已经在一家银行里工作一年了。
Until/till:until在肯定句中通常只连用延续性动词,表示相应动作结束的时间;在否定句中通常连用非延续性动词,表示相应动作开始的时间,意为“直到……才”。
Eg. He waited until she was about to leave. 他一直等到她准备离开。
I did not begin to work till he had gone. 他走了后我才开始工作。
表示“一……就”:除用as soon as外,还可用the minute, the second, the instant, the moment, immediately, directly, instantly, no sooner... than, hardly... when等。
2022届高考英语一轮复习 状语从句讲解
2022届高考英语一轮复习讲解:状语从句【知识要点】定义:用来充当状语的句子称为状语从句。
功能:它主要用于修饰句子中的谓语动词、形容词或副词等,有时修饰整个句子。
位置:状语从句的位置较活:可以放在主句之前,用逗号与主句隔开;也可以放在主句之后,一般不用逗号。
由于它是从各个方面来修饰、说明谓语动词发生时的各种情况,所以常见的状语从句有九种之多。
各种不同的状语从句所使用的关系词也各不相同。
一、时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从属连词有很多,现将分类用法如下:,whie与a连词用法谓语动词意义例句whe n从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生。
可以指时间的某个点,也指一段时间。
延续性动词非延续性动词当……时候When the heard thenew,the a umLondonLondoning我一听到声音,就知道是父亲来了。
No ooner had we arrived at the tation than the train eft我们一到达车站,车就开了。
注:no oonerthan; hard/carcewhen这一结构的时态搭配:no ooner与hard/carce引导的主句谓语动词应用过去完成时,而than与when的从句中谓语应用一般过去时。
此外,当把no ooner和hard/carce提到句首时,应用倒装语序。
我一到家,天就开始下雨了。
I had hard got home when it began to rain→Hard had I got home when it began to rain,unti notunti/ti直到……才连词用法动词意义例句ti/unti主语和从句都用肯定式主句的动词为连续性动词一直到……为止I’ ta here ti/unti therain toe to hee,do remember to bring our on here下次你来的时候,一定要记得把你儿子带来。
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状语从句概念引入:状语从句是句法考试的重要内容。
必须掌握以下语法知识:状语从句的引导词与介词的用法比较;状语从句中意义近似的连接词的用法比较;状语从句与定语从句引导词的用法比较等等。
状语从句的考查重点是意义近似的连接词的用法。
考查状语从句的试题选项不仅有连词,有时还从定语从句和名词性从句的角度进行干扰,出现代词和介词。
Leave your key with a neighbor in case you lock yourself out one day.目的状语从句:“给邻居留一把钥匙”的目的是“万一某一天把自己锁在门外”(时可以用到),从句表示主句动作的目的。
The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time before we meet them again.时间状语从句:“野外研究要花掉John和Paul大约五个月,我们再次见到他们将是很长时间。
before从句表示再次见到他们的时间。
I won’t call you, unless something unexpected happens.条件状语从句:“给你打电话”的条件是“意外的事情发生”。
语法讲解时间状语从句1.when,while,as都可译为“当……的时候”,但侧重点有所不同。
当主句是瞬间动作而从句是延续动作时,三者都可以用。
as强调主、从句动作同时或几乎同时发生。
while从句的谓语必须是延续的,不能是非延续性动词。
She sang as we walked. I listened carefully while she was singing,and we felt happy when we got home.我们一边走她一边唱,她唱的时候我认真听。
到家的时候我们感觉很高兴。
2.until 和not...untiluntil要与延续性动词连用;not...until 要与非延续性动词连用。
He didn’t go to bed until his father came back.3.特殊的时间状语从句的引导词:1)the moment,the minute,the instant,the second;no sooner...than...;hardly/scarcely...when...等以及表示瞬间的directly,immediately,表示“一……就……”,相当于as soon as。
no sooner...than...,hardly/scarcely...when...结构中no sooner和hardly/scarcely引导的句子中谓语动词通常用过去完成时,而than和when引导的句子中谓语动词通常要用一般过去时,此外,no sooner和hardly/scarcely位于句首时,句子应用部分倒装语序。
Tell him the news the minute you meet Tom.Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.2)next time,the first time,last time,every time,the spring (summer,autumn,winter)等,这类短语名词直接用作连词引导时间状语从句。
Every time I see him he wears a pleasant smile.4.by the time 也可以引导时间状语从句,意为“到……时为止”,主句一般用完成时态。
By the time he was fourteen,Einstein had learned advanced mathematics all by himself.(从句为一般过去时,主句要用过去完成时)5.几组固定形式1)It will be+一段时间+before... 多久之后才……2)It is+一段时间+since... 自从……以来已有多长时间了。
3) be about to do...when...;be doing...when...;on the point of doing...when...It will be two days before he returns.It is three years since I came here.I was doing my homework when my cousin came.原因状语从句1. because引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之后,because表示直接原因,语气最强,最适合回答why引导的疑问句。
I do it because I like it.我做这件事是因为我喜欢。
注意:“not ... because”结构中的not否定的是because引导的整个从句。
The country is not strong because it is large.国强不在大。
2. since引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、显然的理由(通常被翻译成“既然”),较为正式,语气比because弱。
Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics.既然今天你休息,你最好帮我补习数学。
注意:seeing (that),now (that),considering (that),in that这几个词汇与since引导的原因状语从句意思相近,都表示“既然”。
Seeing (that) he refused to help us, there’s no reason that we should now help him.他既然曾经拒绝帮助我们,我们现在没有理由要来帮助他。
In that he is ill, he feels unable to do it.因为有病,他觉得做不了那件事。
3. as引导原因状语从句时表示附带说明的“双方已知的原因”,语气比since弱,较为正式,位置较为灵活(常放于主句之前)。
As it is raining, you’d better take a taxi.既然在下雨,你最好乘出租汽车。
4. for引导的原因并列句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因,只提供一些辅助性的补充说明,for引导的句子只能放于主句之后并且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开。
He could not have seen me, for I was not there.他不可能见过我,因为我不在那里。
条件状语从句1. if 表示正面的条件,意为“如果”;unless (=if not) 表示负面的条件,意为“除非,如果不”。
If you ask him, he will help you.如果你请求他,他会帮助你。
He is sure to come unless he has some urgent business.他一定会来,除非他有急事。
2. in case,on condition that,providing,provided (that),supposing,suppose (that)等词汇意思相近,指“假如,假使,在……条件下”(比if更为书面化)。
In case he comes, let me know.如果他来的话,告诉我一声。
I will go, providing/provided (that) my expenses are paid.只要我的费用有人付,我就去。
Suppose/Supposing (that) he does not come, what shall we do?他要是不来,我们该怎么办?3. as long as (=so long as) 表示充分必要条件,引导语气强烈的条件状语从句时,意为“只要”。
I will cooperate as long as I am notified on time.只要及时告诉我,我就会合作。
You may use the book so long as you will return it on time.只要你准时还,你就可以借这本书。
让步状语从句引导让步状语从句的连词有:though,although,even if/ though,however,no matter how,no matter what,no matter who等。
1.though,although引导让步状语从句时都不能和but连用,但可以同yet (still) 连用。
Although he is rich,yet he is not happy.2.as引导的让步从句时,从句要采用倒装语序。
Child as /though he was,he knew what was the right thing to do.Try hard as he will,he never seems to do the work well.Young as/though he is, he is expert in this field.3.whether...or not意为“无论(是否)”。
Whether you believe it or not,it is true.4.however+形容词/副词=no matter how+形容词/ 副词……,意为“无论多么……”。
No matter how cold it is,he still works outdoors.5.wh-ever等一系列连词既可引导让步状语从句相当于no matter wh-,也可引导名词性从句。
而no matter wh-只能引导让步状语从句,不能引导名词性从句。
No matter/Whatever what happened,he would not mind.目的状语从句目的状语从句可以由表示“为了,以便”的so that(有时省略so),in order that和表示“以免,以防”的lest,for fear that,in case引导(lest,for fear that后的目的状语从句一般要用“可以省略的should+动词原形”的虚拟语气形式;in case后的目的状语从句多用虚拟语气,但也可用陈述语气)。
I will not make a noise lest I (should) disturb you.我不出声,以免打搅你。
He is working hard for fear that he (should) fail.他认真学习,以免考不及格。