Lines Written In Early Spring-华兹华斯(中英文对照)
经典：William-Wordsworth华兹华斯-英国浪漫主义
Features in literature:
英国诗人全都是大自然的观察者、爱好者和崇拜者。 ■对乡村和大海的热爱 ■对高级动物的喜爱和对一般动物世界的熟悉 ■明显的个人独立性，作家们都很有点个人癖性 ■讲求实际的道德观和人生观，与追求正义的强烈意愿 ■英国浪漫主义在发展过程中的各阶段又有着各自的一些特点
■Birthplace: Cockermouth(科克茅斯), Cumberland(坎伯兰郡),
in the Lake District in 1770. ■Orphanage:
at the age of 14. ■Education:
was educated at Cambridge University in 1787. ■Migration:
1770-1850
9
The Lake Poets 湖畔三才子
■ The Lake Poets: William Wordsworth Samuel Taylor Coleridge
（塞缪尔 泰勒 科勒律治）
Robert Southey
（罗伯特·骚塞）
10
The Lake Poets
They had lived in the lake district in the northwestern part of England and shared a community of literary and social outlook in their work.
20
William Wordsworth's influence
华兹华斯的诗歌理论动摇了英国古典主义诗学的统治，有力地 推动了英国诗歌的革新和浪漫主义运动的发展，因而英美评论家将 华兹华斯的Lyrical Ballads《抒情歌谣集序》称为英国浪漫主义的 宣言。
华兹华斯经典诗歌《我孤独地漫游，像一朵云》原文及赏析
华兹华斯经典诗歌《我孤独地漫游，像一朵云》原文及赏析我孤独地漫游，像一朵云我孤独地漫游，像一朵云在山丘和谷地上飘荡，忽然间我看见一群金色的水仙花迎春开放，在树荫下，在湖水边，迎着微风起舞翩翩。
连绵不绝，如繁星灿烂，在银河里闪闪发光，它们沿着湖湾的边缘延伸成无穷无尽的一行；我一眼看见了一万朵，在欢舞之中起伏颠簸。
粼粼波光也在跳着舞，水仙的欢欣却胜过水波；与这样快活的伴侣为伍，诗人怎能不满心欢乐！我久久凝望，却想象不到这奇景赋予我多少财宝——每当我躺在床上不眠，或心神空茫，或默默沉思，它们常在心灵中闪现，那是孤独之中的福祉；于是我的心便涨满幸福，和水仙一同翩翩起舞。
（飞白译）李好摘要：《我孤独地漫游，像一朵云》是英国浪漫主义诗人华兹华斯的代表作之一，因其文笔清新，自然流畅而广为流传。
本文主要从诗歌的韵律，语篇衔接和思想内容三个方面鉴赏此诗。
威廉·华兹华斯（1770-1850）是“湖畔诗人”的领袖，同时也是19世纪英国浪漫主义诗人的杰出代表。
早年他受到法国启蒙主义思想，尤其是卢梭“回归自然”的影响。
英法战争爆发后，他“归隐”湖畔，致力于诗歌创作，并逐渐构建了自己的诗歌创作理论。
《我孤独地漫游，像一朵云》则是他其中的代表作之一，为英国浪漫主义诗歌的创作定下了基调。
[1]华兹华斯与柯勒律治、骚同被称为“湖畔派”诗人。
他们也是英国文学中最早出现的浪漫主义作家。
他们喜爱大自然，描写宗法制农村生活，厌恶资本主义的城市文明和冷酷的金钱关系，他们远离城市，隐居在昆布兰湖区和格拉斯米尔湖区，由此得名“湖畔派”。
华兹华斯认为“所有的好诗都是强烈情感的自然流露”，主张诗人“选用人们真正用的语言”来写“普通生活里的事件和情境”，而反对以18世纪格雷为代表的“诗歌词藻”。
他进而论述诗和诗人的崇高地位，认为诗非等闲之物，“诗是一切知识的开始和终结，它同人心一样不朽”，而诗人则是“人性的最坚强的保护者，支持者和维护者。
中西田园诗歌对比
中西田园诗歌对比作者：李芳来源：《青年文学家》2018年第33期摘; 要：诗歌富含着人类的文化，而与人类关系密切的大自然也是诗人们描写的对象，但是由于中西方文化不同的滋养，中西方诗歌对大自然的描述也存在着较大的差别，本位旨在探讨中西方田园诗歌的差别。
关键词：中西方;田园诗歌;差别[中图分类号]：I206; [文献标识码]：A[文章编号]：1002-2139（2018）-33-0-01万事万物都遵循着大自然的规律，在人类长期的进化和发展历史中，人类通过最初肉眼的观察和亲身的实践逐渐地了解着人类自己，了解着大自然，了解着我们人类和自然的关系。
直到今天我们依然在努力让人类和自然处于一种平衡、和谐的状态。
自然对人类的生活有着深刻的影响，所以自然便成为了作为人类重要文化活动承载形式之一的诗歌的描写对象。
无论是西方的诗人还是中国的诗人，他们都用诗歌表达着自己的情感。
但是由于受到不同的文化背景、美学观念和哲学理念的影响，中西方的田园诗歌有着明显的区别。
1.不同的情感基调1.1中国田园诗歌的悲观中国文人历来受到儒家思想的深刻影响，大多数的诗人认为自己肩负着“天下兴亡，匹夫有责”的重任，承担着光宗耀祖的职责，但现实生活中，能实现自己“治国平天下”的政治抱负和光耀门楣的诗人又能有多少？许多的诗人最终经历的是平生不得志、动荡不安的社会和颠沛流离的人生。
他们转而将自己远大的抱负寄予山水田园。
因此在中国诗人的眼里，自然就带有了萧瑟、苍凉、忧郁的气质。
例如，在杜甫的诗作《登高》中，是这样写的：“万里悲秋常作客，百年多病独登台”;在曹丕的《燕歌行》中，他写道，“秋风萧瑟天气凉，草木摇落露为霜。
群燕辞归雁南翔，念君客游思断肠”;在刘方平的《春怨》中，诗人写道，“纱窗日落渐黄昏，金屋无人见泪痕。
寂寞空庭春欲晚，梨花满地不开门。
”许多这样描写自然的诗歌给人一种悲伤、黯然神伤的感觉，具有一种悲凉之感。
1.2西方田园诗歌的乐观与中国田园诗歌的悲春伤秋不同，西方对大自然描写的诗歌更加的乐观。
She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways
She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways(译文1,下同)她住在人迹罕至的地方(译文2,下同,推荐译文) 独自幽居--by (UK) William Wordsworth (1770—1850)(英国)威廉"华兹华斯(1770—1850)著She dwelt among the untrodden ways1.她住在人迹罕至的地方,2.伊人居处车马稀，Beside the springs of Dove,1.圣洁的小溪在身边流淌,2.鸽河源头傍清溪。
A Maid whom there were none to praise1.没有谁把这少女赞颂,2.远离尘世无人颂，And very few to love:1.少有人为她挂肚牵肠。
2.深爱伊人有阿谁？A violet by a mossy stone1.她是紫罗兰身影半露,2.青苔石畔紫罗兰，Half hidden from the eye!1.生苔的墓碑将她遮挡;2.半隐半现于眼前！--Fair as a star, when only one1.美丽如一颗孤星,2. 凄美犹如星一点，Is shining in the sky.1.在夜空里闪闪发亮。
2. 独自闪耀在长天。
She lived unknown, and few could know1.没有谁了解她曾活在世上,2.伊人在世无人知，When Lucy ceased to be;1.少有人知道她何时夭亡;2.伊人离世无人提。
But she is in her grave, and, oh,1.躺在墓中的露西啊,2. 而今已是人天隔，The difference to me!1.唯有我与别人都不一样。
2.独有诗客情自迷！She dwelt among the untrodden waysBeside the springs of Dove,A maid there was none to praise她住在人迹罕至的乡野在那白鸽泉边，她是一位少女，无人赞美亦少有人爱怜。
英国文学(二)作家及作品
英国文学（二）作家及作品The Romantic Period1、William Wordsworth（1770－1850）威廉·华兹华斯（1）Lyrical Ballads《抒情歌谣集》Lines Written in Early Spring《早春诗行》Tintern Abbey《丁登寺》The Rime of the Ancient Mariner《古舟子咏》/《老水手之行》（2）Poems on Nature and Country LifeLucy Poems《露西组诗》－She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways《她住在人迹罕到的路边》I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud《我好似一朵孤独的流云》＝The Daffodils《水仙》The Solitary Reaper《孤独的割麦女》（3）The Prelude《序曲》or Growth of a Poet’s Mind2、George Gordon，Lord Byron（1788－1824）乔治·戈登·拜伦爵士（1）Long Poems*Childe Harold Pilgrimage《恰尔德·哈罗德游记》Don Juan《唐·璜》（2）Byron’s Short Lyrics（nature，love and political aspiration）She Walks in Beauty《她走在美的光彩中》*When We Two Parted《想从前我们俩分手》（3）Other Works*Manfred《曼弗雷德》*Cain《该隐》Hours of Idleness《闲暇时光》3、Percy Bysshe Shelley（1792－1822）珀西·比希·雪莱Queen Mab《麦布女王》The Revolt of Islam《伊斯兰的反叛》Ode to the West Wind《西风颂》Prometheus Unbound《解放了的普罗米修斯》To a Skylark《致云雀》4、John Keats（1795－1821）约翰·济慈Endymion《恩底弥翁》Ode on Melancholy《忧郁颂》Ode on a Grecian Urn《希腊古瓮颂》Ode to a Nightingale《夜莺颂》Ode to Psyche《心灵颂》To Autumn《秋颂》（lyric masterpiece）5、Jane Austen（1775－1817）简·奥斯丁Sense and Sensibility《理智与情感》Pride and Prejudice《傲慢与偏见》Mansfield Park《曼斯菲尔德公园》Emma《爱玛》Northanger Abbey《诺桑觉寺》The Victorian Age6、Robert Browning（1812－1889）罗伯特·布朗宁The Ring and the Book《指环与书》My Last Duchess《我已故的公爵夫人》Home-Thoughts，from Abroad《海外乡思》7、Charles Dickens（1812－1870）查尔斯·狄更斯Pickwick Papers《匹克威克外传》Oliver Twist《奥立弗·特威斯特》The Old Curiosity Shop《老古玩店》Dombey and Son《董贝父子》David Copperfield《大卫·科波菲尔》Bleak House《荒凉山庄》Hard Times《艰难时世》A Tale of Two Cities《双城记》Great Expectations《远大前程》8、（1）Charlotte Bronte（1816－1855）夏洛蒂·勃朗特Jane Eyre《简·爱》Shirley《雪丽》The Professor《教授》（2）Emily Bronte（1818－1848）艾米丽·勃朗特Wuthering Heights《呼啸山庄》（3）Anne Bronte（1820－1849）安妮·勃朗特The Tenant of Wildfell Hall《威尔德·霍的佃户》9、Alfred，Lord Tennyson（1809－1892）阿尔弗雷德·丁尼生勋爵*In Memoriam《悼念》*Idylls of the King《国王田园诗》Break，Break，Break《碎了，碎了，碎了》Crossing the Bar《过沙洲》Twentieth Century Literature10、Thomas Hardy（1840－1928）托马斯·哈代Wessex Novels韦塞克斯小说Far from the Madding Crowd《远离尘嚣》The Return of the Native《回乡》The Mayor of Casterbridge《卡斯特桥市长》Tess of the D’Urbervilles《德伯家的苔丝》Jude the Obscure《无名的裘德》11、Oscar Wilde（1854－1900）奥斯卡·王尔德The Portrait of Dorian Gray《多里安·格雷的画像》Lady Windermere’s Fan《温德梅尔夫人的扇子》A Woman of No Importance《无足轻重的女人》The Importance of Being Earnest《认真的重要》Salome《莎乐美》12、George Bernard Shaw（1856－1950）乔治·萧伯纳Widowers’ Houses《鳏夫的房产》Mrs. Warren’s Profession《华伦夫人的职业》Pygmalion《卖花女》Saint Joan《圣女贞德》13、James Joyce（1882－1941）詹姆斯·乔伊斯Dubliners《都柏林人》A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man《一个青年艺术家的画像》Ulysses《尤利西斯》Finnegans Wake《芬尼根守夜人》14、Virginia Woolf（1882－1941）（弗吉尼亚·沃尔夫）Mrs. Dalloway《黛洛维夫人》To the Lighthouse《到灯塔去》A Room of One’s Own《一间自己的房间》15、D. H. Lawrence（David Herbert Lawrence）（1885－1930）D. H. 劳伦斯Lady Chatterla y’s Lover《查泰莱夫人的情人》Sons and Lovers《儿子与情人》Women in Love《恋爱中的女人》The Rainbow《虹》。
华兹华斯
The birthplace of William Wordsworth
Hawkshead is still the same tiny village of higgledypiggledy houses, archways, and squares beloved by William Wordsworth and Beatrix Potter. Cars are banned from the village, there being a large car park on the outskirts of the village. Tourism is now the main industry of Hawkshead, with many pleasant inns, guest houses, teashops and gift shops.
“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” was a great poet of nature, William Wordsworth was the first to find words for the most elementary sensations of man face to face with natural phenomena. These sensations are universal and old but, once expressed in his poetry, become charmingly beautiful and new. With his pure and poetic language, Wordsworth brings us into a beautiful world where there are daffodils, trees and breeze. We come to realize the great power of nature that may influence our life deeply as revealed in the poem. as we read the poem, we become aware of the poet’s deep love toward nature through his lovely and vivid description about natural things with his figurative language.
华兹华斯传记(英文版)
William Wordsworth (1770-1850)British poet, who spent his life in the Lake District of Northern England. William Wordsworth started with Samuel Taylor Coleridge the English Romantic movement with their collection L YRICAL BALLADS in 1798. When many poets still wrote about ancient heroes in grandiloquent style, Wordsworth focused on the nature, children, the poor, common people, and used ordinary words to express his personal feelings. His definition of poetry as "the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings arising from "emotion recollected in tranquillity" was shared by a number of his followers."Poetry is the breath and finer spirit of all knowledge; it is the impassioned expression which is in the countenance of all Science." (from Lyrical Ballads, 2nd ed., 1800)William Wordsworth was born in Cockermouth, Cumberland, in the Lake District. His father was John Wordsworth, Sir James Lowther's attorney - the fifth Baronet Lowther was the most feared and hated aristocrat in all of Cumberland and Westmoreland, "an Intolerable Tyrant over his Tenants and Dependents". However, the magnificent landscape deeply affected Wordsworth's imagination and gave him a love of nature. He lost his mother when he was eight and five years later his father. The domestic problems separated Wordsworth from his beloved and neurotic sister Dorothy, who was a very important person in his life. Dorothy had especially fresh contact to nature from a very early age. Her thoughts and impression were a valuable source of inspiration for her brother, who also introduced himself as Nature's child. The first time she saw the sea, she burst into tears, "indicating the sensibility for which she was so remarkable," Wordsworth remembered.With the help of his two uncles, Wordsworth entered a local school and continued his studies at Cambridge University. As a writer Wordsworth made his debut in 1787, when he published a sonnet in The European Magazine. In that same year he entered St. John's College, Cambridge, from where he took his B.A. in 1791. During a summer vacation in 1790, Wordsworth went on a walking tour through revolutionary France. He also traveled in Switzerland.On his second journey in France, Wordsworth had an affair with a French girl, Annette Vallon, a daughter of a barber-surgeon, by whom he had a illegitimate daughter Anne Caroline. The affair was basis of the poem 'Vaudracour and Julia', but otherwise Wordsworth did his best to hide the affair from posterity. After his journeys, Wordsworth spent several aimless and unhappy years. In 1795 he met Coleridge. Wordsworth's financial situation became better in 1795 when he received a legacy and was able to settle at Racedown, Dorset, with his sister Dorothy.Encouraged by Coleridge and stimulated by the close contact with nature, Wordsworth composed his first masterwork, Lyrical Ballads, which opened with Coleridge's 'Ancient Mariner.' About 1798 he started to write a large and philosophical autobiographical poem, completed in 1805, and published posthumously in 1850 under the title THE PRELUDE. The long work described the poet's love of nature and his own place in the world order."Dust as we are, the immortal spirit growsLike harmony in music; there is a darkInscrutable workmanship that reconcilesDiscordant elements, makes them cling togetherIn one society."The winter 1798-99 Wordsworth spent with his sister and Coleridge in Germany. There he wrote several works, including the enigmatic 'Lucy' poems. After return he moved Dove Cottage, Grasmere. In 1802 married Mary Hutchinson. They cared for Wordsworth's sister Dorothy for the last 20 years of life - she had lost her mind as a result of physical ailments. Almost all Dorothy's memory was destroyed, she sat by the fire, and occasionally recited her brother's verses.Wordsworth's second collection, POEMS, IN TWO VOLUMES, appeared in 1807. In the same year Thomas de Quincey met first time Wordsworth and wrote about him and other Lake Poets in several essays. He described revealingly Wordsworth's mean appearance and Dorothy's lack of sex appeal. The frankness of his text, although published in the 1830s and 1840s, was considered indiscreet by later Victorian critics. "... Wordsworth was of a good height (five feet ten), and not a slender man; on the contrary, by the side of Southey, his limbs looked thick, almost in a disproportionate degree. But the total effect of Wordsworth's person was always worst in a state of motion. Meantime, his face - that was one which would have made amends for greater defects of figure." (from Reminiscenes of the English Lake Poets by Thomas de Quincey, 1907)Wordsworth's path-breaking works were produced between 1797 and 1808. In a letter to Lady Beaumont he said: "Every great and original writer, in proportion as he is great and original, must himself create the taste by which he is to be relished." His poems written during middle and late years have not gained similar critical approval. Wordsworth's Grasmere period ended in 1813 when he moved to Rydal Mount, Ambleside, where he spent the rest of his life. His daughter Catherine and beloved son Thomas had died and his friendship with Coleridge, suffering from addiction, was breaking apart. Coleridge did not visit Grasmere, although he had made a trip to the Lake District.Wordsworth was appointed official distributor of stamps for Westmoreland. From the age of 50 his creative began to decline, but tree female assistants took care of him, and filled his life with admiration. Wordsworth abandoned his radical faith and became a patriotic, conservative public man. In 1843 he succeeded Robert Southgey (1774-1843) as England's poet laureate. Wordsworth died on April 23, 1850. The second generation of Romantics, Byron and Shelley, considered him 'dull.' Later the philosopher Bertrand Russell summed up the poet's career: "In his youth Wordsworth sympathized with the French Revolution, went to France, wrote good poetry, and had a natural daughter. At this period he was called a 'bad' man. Then he became 'good,' abandoned his daughter, adopted correct principles, and wrote bad poetry."Dorothy Wordsworth (1771-1855) published travel books and journals, such as GRASMERE JOURNALS 1800-03 and THE ALFOXDEN JOURNAL 1798, in which she described the friendship of Wordsworth and Coleridge. After a serious illness in 1829, she was obliged to lead the life of an invalid, which deeply affected her imaginative and mental powers.For further reading: The Hidden Wordsworth by Kenneth R. Johnston (2001); 1798: The Year of the Lyrical Ballads, ed. by Richard Cronin (1998); The Revolutionary 'I' by Ashton Nichols (1998); Disowned by Memory by David Bromwich (1998); The Hidden Wordsworth by Kenneth R. Johnston (1998); William Wordsworth: A Biography by Hunter Davies (paperback in 1997); William Wordsworth by John Williams (1996); Becoming Wordsworthian by Elisabeth A. Fray (1995); A Literary Guide to the Lake District by G. Lindop (1993); Wordsworth and the Beginnings of Modern Poetry by R.M. Rehder (1981); Wordsworth's Second Nature by J.K. Chandler (1984); A Wordsworth Companion by F.B. Pinion (1984); Life by M. Moorman (1957/1965); Wordsworth and the Human Heart by J. Beer (1978); Reminiscences of the English Lake Poets by Thomas de Quincey (1907) - See also: WALTER DE LA MARE - Museums: Dove Cottage, Town End, Grasmere - former home of William and Mary Wordsworth, closed mid-January to mid-February; Rydal Mount, Ambleside - Wordsworth lived there from 1813 to 1850. Still a family house of his descendants. Closed Tuesdays 1 November to 28 February, and in January; Wordsworth House, open April to October - Suom. Wordsworth: Runoja, 1949 - suom. Aale Tynni, Yrj? Jylh?, Lauri ViljanenSelected works:AN EVENING W ALK, 1793DESCRIPTIVE SKETCHES, 1793THE BORDERS, 1795-96L YRICAL BALLADS, 1798 (with Coleridge)LINES WRITTEN ABOVE TINTERN ABBEY, 1798UPON WESTMINSTER BRIDGE, 1801ON POETIC DICTION, 1802INTIMATIONS OF IMMORTALITY, 1803-06POEMS I-II, 1807MISCELLANEOUS SONNETS, 1807TRACT ON THE CONVENTION OF CINTRA, 1809ESSAY UPON EPITAPHS, 1810THE EXCURSION, 1814THE WHITE DOE OF RYLSTONE, 1815PETER BELL, 1819THE W AGGONER, 1819THE RIVER DUDDON, 1820MEMORIALS OF A TOUR ON THE CONTINENT, 1822ECCLESIASTICAL SKETCHES, 1822YARROW REVISITED, 1835THE PRELUDE, OR GROWTH OF A POET'S MIND, 1850THE RECLUSE, 1888PROSE WORKS, 1896THE POETICAL WORKS, 1940-49SELECTED POEMS, 1959LITERARY CRITICISM, 1966LETTERS OF DOROTHY AND WILLIAM WORDSWORTH, 1967LETTERS OF THE WORDSWORTH FAMIL Y, 1969COMPLETE POETICAL WORKS, 1971PROSE WORKS, 1974POEMS, 1977THE LOVE LETTERS OF WILLIAM AND MARY WORDSWORTH, 1981 THE FIVE-BOOK PRELUDE, 1997 (ed. by Duncan Wu)SELECTED CRITICAL ESSAYS, 1999 (ed. by G.W. Meyer)。
华兹华斯的诗歌
[英国]华兹华斯顾子欣译我好似一朵孤独的流云，高高地飘游在山谷之上，突然我看到一大片鲜花，是金色的水仙遍地开放。
它们开在湖畔，开在树下它们随风嬉舞，随风飘荡。
它们密集如银河的星星，像群星在闪烁一片晶莹；它们沿着海湾向前伸展，通向远方仿佛无穷无尽；一眼看去就有千朵万朵，万花摇首舞得多么高兴。
粼粼湖波也在近旁欢跳，却不知这水仙舞得轻俏；诗人遇见这快乐的伙伴，又怎能不感到欢欣雀跃；我久久凝视--却未能领悟这景象所给带给我的精神至宝。
后来多少次我郁郁独卧，感到百无聊赖心灵空漠；这景象便在脑海中闪现，多少次安慰过我的寂寞；我的心又随水仙跳起舞来，我的心又重新充满了欢乐。
赏析这首诗写于诗人从法国回来不久。
诗人带着对自由的向往去了法国，参加一些革命活动。
但法国革命没有带来预期的结果，随之而来的是混乱。
诗人的失望和受的打击是可想而知的，后来在他的朋友和妹妹的帮助下，情绪才得以艰难地恢复。
这首诗就写于诗人的心情平静之后不久。
在诗的开头，诗人将自己比喻为一朵孤独的流云，孤单地在高高的天空飘荡。
孤傲的诗人发现一大片金色的水仙，它们欢快地遍地开放。
在诗人的心中，水仙已经不是一种植物了，而是一种象征，代表了一种灵魂，代表了一种精神。
水仙很多，如天上的星星，都在闪烁。
水仙似乎是动的，沿着弯屈的海岸线向前方伸展。
诗人为有这样的旅伴而欢欣鼓舞、欢呼跳跃。
在诗人的心中，水仙代表了自然的精华，是自然心灵的美妙表现。
但是，欢快的水仙并不能时时伴在诗人的身边，诗人离开了水仙，心中不时冒出忧郁孤寂的情绪。
这时诗人写出了一种对社会、世界的感受：那高傲、纯洁的灵魂在现实的世界只能郁郁寡欢。
当然，诗人的脑海深处会不时浮现水仙那美妙的景象，这时的诗人双情绪振奋，欢欣鼓舞。
诗歌的基调是浪漫的，同时带着浓烈的象征主义色彩。
可以说，诗人的一生只在自然中找到了寄托。
英文版“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”was written by William Wordsworth, the representativepoet of the early romanticism. As a great poet of nature, William Wordsworth was the first to find words for the most elementary sensations of man face to face with natural phenomena. These sensations are universal and old but, once expressed in his poetry, become charmingly beautiful and new. His deep love for nature runs through short lyrics such as “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”I Wandered Lonely as a CloudI wandered lonely as a cloudThat floats on high o’er vales and hills,When all at once I saw a crowd,A host, of golden daffodils;Beside the lake, beneath the trees,Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.Continuous as the stars that shineAnd twinkle on the milky way,They stretched in never-ending lineAlong the margin of a bay:Ten thousand saw I at a glance,Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.The waves beside them danced; but theyOut-did the sparkling waves in glee:A poet could not but be gay,In such a jocund company:I gazed --- and gazed --- but little thoughtWhat wealth the show to me had brought:For oft, when on my couch I lieIn vacant or in pensive mood,They flash upon that inward eyeWhich is the bliss of solitude;And then my heart with pleasure fills,And dances with the daffodils.“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”is a poem about nature. With his pure and poetic language, Wordsworth brings us into a beautiful world where there are daffodils, trees and breeze. We follow the poet at every turn of his feelings. We share his melancholy w hen he “wandered lonely as a cloud” and his delight the moment his heart “with pleasure fills ”. We co me to realize the great power of nature that may influence our life deeply as revealed in the poem.Edgar Allan Poe once described poetry as “music…combined with a pleasure idea”. In the poem “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”, the poet also makes great use of the “music ”of the language to achieve sound beauty in addition to convey meaning. He employs masculine rhyme in “a, b, a, b, c, c” pattern to receive emphasis as a musical effect. (e.g. “cloud” (a), “hills” (b), “crowd” (a), “daffodils” (b), “trees” (c), “breeze” (c) in stanza 1). He also achieves musical quality by the management of alliteration (e.g. “That floats on high o’er vales and hills” in line 2 and “Beside the lake, beneath the trees” in line 5) and assonance (e.g. “beneath the trees in line 5” and “ They stretched in never-ending line” in line 9) and consonance (e.g. “ vales and hills” in line 2 ). Besides the repetition of sounds, the poet also makes his poem a strong appeal for us in languagethat is rhythmical. He arranges his poem in lines of iambic tetrameter in the main with alternation of iambic trimeter.( e.g. I wandered lonely as a cloudThat floats on high o’er vales and hillsWhen all at once I saw a crowdA host, of golden daffodilsBeside the lake, beneath the treesFluttering and dancing in the breeze )He slowed down the tempo in line 4 to keep in accordance with his bated breath the moment he glimpses at a host of golden daffodils thus convey to us the poet’s intoxication in the face of nature. With all these musical devices, Wordsworth secures a songlike effect of his poem in addition to communicate his emotion and meaning.An old saying goes “There are pictures in poetry and poetry in pictures”. It finds its most eloquent examples in most of the Chinese Tang poems that present the readers with beautiful pictures. In the poem “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”, the poet also seeks to express his emotions by providing the sense impressions he has through imagery. He depicts a picture in which “a host of golden daffodils (visual imagery) fluttering and dancing in the breeze” (kinaesthetic imagery) so vividly that it appeals richly to our senses and to our imagination.Wordsworth, in the poem, also employs figurative language to evoke not only the visual effect but also the emotional response. (e.g. in line 1, the poet makes a comparison between “I wandered lonely”and “a cloud”by the use of simile, thus convey to us his lonely and melancholy mood with the image of “cloud”. In line 7, he also amplifies the visual effect by the use of another simile “Continuous as the stars that shine…” to evoke our sense of “daffodils” with the image of “stars” twinkling on the milky w ay which is familiar to us all. He goes further to impress us with the image of countless daffodils with an overstatement in line 9 “They stretched in never-ending line”). Besides, natural things are also endowed with human being’s characters by the poet’s subtle use of personification. (e.g. “Tossing their heads in sprightly dance” “The waves beside them danced”) therefore, as we read the poem, we become aware of the poet’s deep love toward nature through his lovely and vivid description about natural things with his figurative language.What’s more, Wordsworth goes further to communicate his emotion and meaning by his thoughtful tone. The choose of the word “lonely”in “I wandered lonely as a cloud”instead of other words like carefree, leisure or jolly convey to us the poet’s depression and disconsolateness at the very beginning. But as he catches sight of daffodils stretching as far as the eyes can see and finds himself in the midst of nature, his loneliness turns into relaxation and joy. Thus the shift of the poet’s mood from sadness to happiness manifests the theme --- the great influence of nature upon human being.孤独割麦女青年英国威廉?华兹华斯1770-18501孤独站在麦田里，窕窕少女收割忙，边割边唱无休止，我把姑娘细端详，过路的人要静悄悄，不要把她来打扰，少女唱出海豚音，宇宙充满天籁声。
华兹华斯我像孤云一样徘徊解析
《水仙花》（飞白译）我孤独地漫游，像一朵云在山丘和谷地上飘荡，忽然间我看见一群金色的水仙花迎春开放，在树荫下，在湖水边，迎着微风起舞翩翩。
连绵不绝，如繁星灿烂，在银河里闪闪发光，它们沿着湖湾的边缘延伸成无穷无尽的一行；我一眼看见了一万朵，在欢舞之中起伏颠簸。
粼粼波光也在跳着舞，水仙的欢欣却胜过水波；与这样快活的伴侣为伍，诗人怎能不满心欢乐！我久久凝望，却想象不到这奇景赋予我多少财宝，——每当我躺在床上不眠，或心神空茫，或默默沉思，它们常在心灵中闪现，那是孤独之中的福祉；于是我的心便涨满幸福，和水仙一同翩翩起舞。
雪莱：西风颂１哦，狂暴的西风，秋之生命的呼吸！你无形，但枯死的落叶被你横扫，有如鬼魅碰到了巫师，纷纷逃避：黄的，黑的，灰的，红得像患肺痨，呵，重染疫疠的一群：西风呵，是你以车驾把有翼的种子催送到黑暗的冬床上，它们就躺在那里，像是墓中的死穴，冰冷，深藏，低贱，直等到春天，你碧空的姊妹吹起她的喇叭，在沉睡的大地上响遍，（唤出嫩芽，象羊群一样，觅食空中）将色和香充满了山峰和平原。
不羁的精灵呵，你无处不远行；破坏者兼保护者：听吧，你且聆听！２没入你的急流，当高空一片混乱，流云象大地的枯叶一样被撕扯脱离天空和海洋的纠缠的枝干。
成为雨和电的使者：它们飘落在你的磅礴之气的蔚蓝的波面，有如狂女的飘扬的头发在闪烁，从天穹的最遥远而模糊的边沿直抵九霄的中天，到处都在摇曳欲来雷雨的卷发，对濒死的一年你唱出了葬歌，而这密集的黑夜将成为它广大墓陵的一座圆顶，里面正有你的万钧之力的凝结；那是你的浑然之气，从它会迸涌黑色的雨，冰雹和火焰：哦，你听！３是你，你将蓝色的地中海唤醒，而它曾经昏睡了一整个夏天，被澄澈水流的回旋催眠入梦，就在巴亚海湾的一个浮石岛边，它梦见了古老的宫殿和楼阁在水天辉映的波影里抖颤，而且都生满青苔、开满花朵，那芬芳真迷人欲醉！呵，为了给你让一条路，大西洋的汹涌的浪波把自己向两边劈开，而深在渊底那海洋中的花草和泥污的森林虽然枝叶扶疏，却没有精力；听到你的声音，它们已吓得发青：一边颤栗，一边自动萎缩：哦，你听！４哎，假如我是一片枯叶被你浮起，假如我是能和你飞跑的云雾，是一个波浪，和你的威力同喘息，假如我分有你的脉搏，仅仅不如你那么自由，哦，无法约束的生命！假如我能像在少年时，凌风而舞便成了你的伴侣，悠游天空（因为呵，那时候，要想追你上云霄，似乎并非梦幻），我就不致像如今这样焦躁地要和你争相祈祷。
华兹华斯
“I
Wandered Lonely as a Cloud" 独自漫游似浮云
I wandered lonely as a cloud
In this poem, the speaker is reminiscing about a day when he was out walking and saw a host of daffodils. He is looking back on how much of an impression it has had on him. In the first two lines of the poem the speaker applies the image of a cloud to himself, which symbolizes his integration with the natural world. Both he and the cloud are aspects of the world, which is subject to the laws of nature but they can still retain their freedom in spite of this. Other images in the poem reinforce this — the dancing flowers, the lake, the breeze and the continuous stars — and they are associated with "self-joy' and contented
• • • • • •
For oft, when on my couch I lie •• . . In vacant or in pensive mood, They flash upon that inward eye Which is the bliss of solitude; And then my heart with pleasure fills And dances with the daffodils.
华兹华斯Wordsworth
3.Poems reflecting his ideas of children We Are Seven《我们是七个》 Characteristics of a Child Three Years Old 《一个三岁孩子的特征》 My Heart Leaps up When I Behold 《每当我看见天上的彩虹》 Beggars 《几个乞丐）
Stanza 3
She
is rather insignificant for people. Nobody notices her when she is living and very few know her death. But for me it is quite different and her death makes me very sad.
她住在人迹罕至的地 圣洁的小溪在身边流 没有谁把这少女赞颂 少有人为她挂肚牵肠
A violet by a mossy stone Half hidden from the eye! ---Fair as a star, when only one Is shining in the sky!
She
lived unknown, and few could know When Lucy ceased to be; But she is in her grave, and oh, The difference to me!
a) Gazing (photographic description) on common people
A Father--for he bore that sacred name;-Him saw I, sitting in an open square, Upon a corner-stone of that low wall, Wherein were fixed the iron pales that fenced A spacious grass-plot; there, in silence, sate This One Man, with a sickly babe outstretched Upon his knee, whom he had thither brought For sunshine, and to breathe the fresher air. Of those who passed, and me who looked at him, He took no heed; but in his brawny arms (The Artificer was to the elbow bare, And from his work this moment had been stolen) He held the child, and, bending over it, As if he were afraid both of the sun And of the air, which he had come to seek, Eyed the poor babe with love unutterable. (The Prelude, Vol.7-602-618)
英美文学题库有中英文解释
-Chapter I An Introduction to Old and Medieval English Literature & The Renaissance PeriodI. Choose the right answer:1. Dr. Faustus is a play based on the _____legend of a magician aspiring for ____ and finally meeting his tragic end as a result of selling his soul to the Devil.A.British/ immoralityB.French/moneyC.German/knowledgeD.American/political power Answer: C (可参考课本P21)2. _____, is a typical example of Old English poetry, is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons.A.The Wife’s ComplaintB.BeowulfC.The Dream of the RoodD.The SeafarerAnswer: B (可参考课本P1)3.It’s Chaucer alone who, for the first ti me in English literature, presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English Society in his masterpiece__________.A.The Canterbury TalesB.The Legend of Good WomenC.Troilus and CriseydeD. The Romaunt of the Rose.Answer: A (可参考课本P4)4. The Essence of Renaissance, the most significant intellectual movement, was_____.A. Geographical explorationB. Religious reformationC. Publishing and translationD. Humanism. Answer: D (可参考课本P8)5. “Prince Arthur’s greatest mission is his search for Gloriana, with whom he has fallen in love througha love vision.”The two figures come from_____.A.Paradise LostB.Dr. FaustusC.The Faerie QueeneD.HamletAnswer: C (可参考课本P13)6.In “Sonnet 18”, Shakespeare_________________.A.Meditate on the destructive power of time and eternal beauty by poetry.B.Satirize human’s vanity.C.Predict the eternity of love.D.Eulogize the power of the beauty. Answer: A (P37)7. ____ gave new vigor to the blank verse with his “mighty lines”and make ’blank verse’ the principle vehicle of expression in drama.A.SurreyB.WyattC.MarloweD.SidneyAnswer: C (P21)8. Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies are the following works except____.A.HamletB.King LearC.Romeo and JulietD.OthelloAnswer: C (P33)9. The Renaissance refers to between 14th----mid-17th century, which was under the reign of Queen___and absolute monarchy in England reached its summit, and in which the ’real mainstream (真正的文学主流)’ was ____.A.Victoria/poetryB.Elizabeth/ dramaC.Mary/ novelD.James/ dramaAnswer: B (P11)10. In The Legend of Good Women, Chaucer used for the first time in English the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter, which is to be called later____.A.The Spenserian stanzaB.The heroic coupletC.The blank verseD.The free verseAnswer: B (P5)11. The Redcrosse Knight in “The Faerie Queene” stands for_____, and Una stands for_____.A.bravery/ chastityB.holiness/ truthC.error/ deliveryD.true gentleman/ lady.Answer: B (P16)12. Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the characteristics of Renaissance?A.Rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture.B.Attempt to remove the old feudalist ideas in Medieval Europe.C.Exaltation of man’s pursuit of happiness in his life, and tolerance of man’s foibles.D.Praise of man’s efforts in soul delivery and personal salva tion.Answer: D (P7)13. “The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune” is an example of ______.A.MetaphorB.SimileC.IronyD.PersonificationAnswer: A (P55)14. _____ introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England.A.Anglos/ SaxonsB.Normans/ Anglo-SaxonsC.Greeks/ RomansD.Romans/ NormansAnswer: B (P11)15. It is ___ alone who, for the first time in English literature presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life.A.Edmund SpenserB.Geoffrey ChaucerC.William ShakespeareD.John DonneAnswer: B (P4)16. The following belong to the characteristics of ’metaphysical poetry’ represented by ’John Donne’ except___.A.ConceitsB.Actual imagery and simple dictionC.Argumentative formD.Elegant styleAnswer: D (P63)17. Paradise Lost is actually a story taken from____.A.Greek MythologyB.Roman legendC.The Old TestamentD.The New TestamentAnswer: C (P73)18. In “Paradise Lost”, Satan says “We may with mo re successful hope resolve/ To wage by force or guile eternal war, / Irreconcilable to our grand Foe” What does the “Eternal war” mean?A.To remove God from his throneB.To burn the Heaven DownC.To corrupt God’s creation of man and woman-----Adam and EveD.To beguile into a snake to threaten man’s lifeAnswer: C (P71, 节选部分在P75)19. _____, the first of the great tragedies, is generally regarded as Shakespeare’s most popular play on the stage, for it has the qualities of a “blood-and-thunder” thriller and a ’philosophical exploration’ of life and death.A.The Merchant of VeniceB.HamletC.King LearD.The Winter’s TaleAnswer: B (P33)20. It was ___and ___ the two conquests that provided the source for the rise and growth of English literature.A.Anglos/ SaxonsB.Normans/ Anglo-SaxonsC.Romans/ NormansD.Greeks/ RomansAnswer: B (P1)21. Paradise Lost is ___’s masterpiece, which is an epic in 12 books, written in blank verse, about the heroic revolt of Satan against God’s authority.A.John DonneB.Christopher MarloweC.John MiltonD.Edmund SpenserAnswer: C (P71)22. The following description fit into Milton ’except’_____.A.a great revolutionary poet of the 17th centuryB.an outstanding political pamphleteerC.a great stylist and master of blank verseD.a kind of elegant and refine style.Answer: D (P70---73)23. _____is not written by John Milton.A.Samson AgonistesB.Paradise LostC.Paradise regainedD.TamburlaineAnswer: D (P71)24. Marlow’s greatest achievement is that he perfected the ’blank verse’, and he is regarded as ’the pioneer of English drama’, which of the following is not written by him?A.TamburlaineB.The Jew of MaltaC.The Passionate Shepherd to His LoveD.The Sun Rising Answer: D (P20)25. ____Essays is the first example of that genre in English literature, which has been recognized as an important landmark in the development of English prose.A.John Milton’sB.Francis Bacon’sC.Montaigne’sD.Thomas Gray’sAnswer: B (P58)26. _____Was known as “the poets’ poet”.A.William ShakespeareB.Edmund SpenserC.John DonneD.John MiltonAnswer: B (P15)27. “And we will make thee beds of roses / And a thousand fragrant posies/ A cap of flowers, and a kirtle/ Embroidered all with leaves of myrtle.” The above lines are probably taken from______.A.Spenser’s The Faerie QueeneB.John Donne’s The Sun RisingC.Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18D.Marlow’s The Passionate Shepherd to His Love.Answer: D (P28)28. Which of the following statement best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18?A.The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.B.The speaker satirizes human vanity.C.The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.D.The speaker meditates on man’s salvation. Answer: C (P37)II. Read the quoted part and answer the questions:1.“For herein Fortune shows he rself more kindThan is her custom. It is still her useTo let the wretched man outlive his wealth,To view with hollow eye and wrinkled browAn age of poverty; from which ling’ring penanceOf such misery doth she cut me off”因为命运在此已经对我眷顾有加了。
(完整word版)英国文学史及选读2-知识总结
以下为英国文学史第二册的知识点总结个别知识点会有错误或者遗漏请在复习的时候自主补充愿大家都能取得好成绩———VictoriaJPart V The Romantic PeriodThe romantic period began in 1798 the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge’s <Lyrical Ballads>, and end in 1832 with Sir Walter Scott’s death. Wordsworth华兹华斯Coleridge 柯尔律治Southey 骚塞The Lake Poets1.William Wordsworth威廉•华兹华斯1770~1850Poet Laureate（桂冠诗人）a leader of the romantic movement in England.①Lyrical Ballads 《抒情歌谣集》(with Samuel Taylor Coleridge)It marked the beginning of the Romantic revival in England(1)This is a joint work of Wordsworth and his friend Coleridge.(2)The publication of Lyrical Ballads in 1798 marks the beginning of the RomanticMovement in England.(3)It begins with Coleridge’s long poem “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”(“古舟子咏”; “老水手之行”)and ends with Wordsworth’s “Tintern Abbey”(“丁登寺”).(4)Many of the subjects of these poems deal with elements of nature such as birds,daffodils and simple rural folk.(5)The majority of poems in this collection were written by Wordsworth.The poems in Lyrical Ballads are characterized by a sympathy with the poor, simple peasants, a passionate love of nature and the simplicity and purity of the language.(6) Some of the best poems in the collection are:“Lines Written in Early Spring”(“早春诗行”),“The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” (“古舟子咏”; “老水手之行”)“Lines Composed A Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey” (“丁登寺”).②Lucy Poems 《露西组诗》③“I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud” “独自漫游似浮云”=“The Daffodils”“水仙”Theme: 1.Nature embodies human beings in their diverse circumstance. It is nature that give him “strength and knowledge full of peace”2. It is bliss to recall the beauty of nature in poet mind while he is in solitude.Comment: The poet is very cheerful with recalling the beautiful sights. In the poem on the beauty of nature, the reader is presented a vivid picture of lively and lovely daffodils(水仙) and poets philosophical ideas and mystical thoughts.④“The Solitary Reaper”“孤独的收割者”⑤The Prelude 《序曲》or Growth of a Poet’s Mind⑥The Excursion 《远足》《漫游》Wordsworth’s Principles of Poetry（feelings，commonplace things，the real language of man and deliberate simplicity，inner self, changed the ordinary speech of the language → return to nature.）2.George Gordon Byron乔治•戈登•拜伦1788~18241)Hours of Idleness 《闲暇时刻》《消闲时光》dealing with childish recollections andearly friendship, showing the influence of 18th century traditions。
William-Wordsworth(1770-1850)威廉·华兹华斯
• Lyrical Ballads, with Other Poems (1800) • Preface to the Lyrical Ballads • "Strange fits of passion have I known” • “She Dwelt among the Untrodden Way” • "Three years she grew" • "A Slumber Did my Spirit Seal” • "I travelled among unknown men" • "Lucy Gray” • "The Two April Mornings" • "Solitary Reaper" • "Nutting” • "The Ruined Cottage" • "Michael" • "The Kitten At Play"
Features of his works
Wordsworth can penetrate to the heart of things and give the reader the very life of nature. And he thinks that common life is the only subject of literary interest. The joys and sorrows of the common people are his themes. His sympathy always goes to the suffering poor.
Lyrical Ballads
Lyrical Ballads, with a Few Other Poems is a collection of poems by William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, first published in 1798 and generally considered to have marked the beginning of the English Romantic movement in literature. The immediate effect on critics was modest, but it became and remains a landmark, changing the course of English literature and poetry.
华兹华斯简介英文版
华兹华斯简介英文版华兹华斯，英国浪漫主义诗人，曾当上桂冠诗人。
其诗歌理论动摇了英国古典主义诗学的统治，下面是店铺为你整理的华兹华斯简介英文版，希望对你有用!华兹华斯简介William Wordsworth (1770-1850), the British romantic poet, was a laureate poet. His poetry theory shook the rule of British classical poetics, which effectively promoted the innovation of British poetry and the development of romanticism. He is one of the most important English poets since the Renaissance movement. His verse "plain living and high thinking" was used as the motto of the University of Oxford's Kibble College.华兹华斯诗人生平Walsworth was born in the lawyer's house, studied at the University of Cambridge, St. John's College, after graduation to travel to Europe, in France, a personal experience of the Great Revolution of the storm. In 1783 his father died, he and his brothers by the uncle care, sister Dorothy (Dorothy) by the grandparents raised. Dorothy is the closest to him.In 1787 he went to the University of Cambridge, St. John's College, after graduating from college to France, living in Blois. He is passionate about the French revolution and believes that this revolution represents the perfection of human nature and will save the people under the imperial system in dire straits. In Blois he met many moderates of the Girondes. In 1792, Wordsworth returned to London, still full of enthusiasm for the revolution. But his uncle expressed dissatisfaction with his political activities, unwilling to help. Is desperate, one has been sympathetic and admired his old classmate died, leaving him 900pounds. So in October 1795, he moved to the country with Dorothy, to achieve close to nature and explore the meaning of life. Dorothy was clever and thoughtful, and created the conditions for his creation. Later she became a poet. Has been with his companion, life is not married.华兹华斯创作生涯From September 1917 to the spring of 1799, Wordsworth and Dorothy went to Germany to live in a small country. He created poems of "picking dried fruit", "Ruth" and short poem "Lucy", and began writing "Overture". In October 1802, Wordsworth and Mary Hutchinson were married for many years.During this time, Wordsworth wrote many poems on the theme of the relationship between nature and life. The central thought was that nature was the source of joy and wisdom of life. In 1803, Wordsworth traveled Scotland and wrote "Lonely Harvesters". In 1807 he published two volumes of this collection of poems, which were published, from 1797 to 1807, he created the most productive ten years of life.Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Robert Southey are known as the "Lake Poets". They are also the earliest romantic writers in British literature. They love nature, describe the patriarchal rural life, dislike the capitalist urban civilization and the cold money relationship, they stay away from the city, seclusion in the Quebland Lake and Lake Glasmir Lake, hence the name "lakeside"."Lakeside" three poets in the highest achievements for the Wordsworth. He collaborated with Coleridge in 1798 to publish a "lyrical ballad", and Wordsworth and Coleridge turned from opposition to the French revolution, and the former fondered the landscape and sought comfort in nature. Exotic and ancient, witha dream for the end. The collection of two poems titled "Lyric Songs", published in 1798, "lyric songs" declared the birth of romantic poetry. After two years of reprint, Wordsworth added a long sequence. In this order, Wordsworth elaborated his Romantic literary claims, advocating the civilian language, the thoughts and feelings of civilians, known as the romantic poems of the declaration.In the poem of "Resolution and Independence" (1802), Wordsworth described a fishing and leeches who had to keep abreast of the old body and mind.Since then, Wordsworth's poetry has been further developed in depth and breadth, in the description of natural scenery, among the civilian things have deep meaning, sustenance of self-reflection and life to explore the philosophical thinking. Completed in 1805 published in 1850 long poem "Overture" is his most representative works.Wordsworth's most productive period was 10 years from 1797 to 1807. After the masterpiece is not much, to 1843 was appointed "laurel poet" when there is no work. However, through his life, his poetry is outstanding, worthy of Shakespeare, Milton after the generation of everyone.。
英国文学作家作品吐血整理下
所处时期姓名备注出身学校地位/评价流派作品Romant icisminEnglan WilliamWordworth威廉·华兹华斯1770-1850在湖区接受教育GerondistsmoderateRepublicans吉伦特派温和共和主义者后期：保守党，坚定拥护反革命政策律师家庭，6岁成为孤儿剑桥大学Lake Poets湖畔诗人Poet laureate 桂冠诗人18431797和柯勒律治同居湖畔Distinguished by the simplicityand purity of his language以简洁洗练的语言著称Escapistromanticists早期消极浪漫主义者Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集（with柯勒律治）（标志着同18世纪传统诗歌即新古典主义诗歌决裂，浪漫主义诗歌崛起）对大自然的热爱：Lines Written in the Early Spring，To the Cuckoo，I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud，MyHeart Leaps Up，Intimations of Immortality，LinesComposed a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey丁登寺杂咏（“lyrical hymn of thanks to nature”）对劳动人民的同情：The Solitary Reaper，We AreSeven，Michael，The Ruined Cottage, Simon Lee, TheOld Cumberland Beggar, Lucy露西组诗自传体长诗：The Prelude 序曲Samuel TaylorColeridge柯勒律治·塞缪尔·泰勒1772-1834空想成立类似乌托邦的“大众平等社”，晚年保守，为教会做辩论乡村牧师家庭基督慈善学校，剑桥大学肄业Lake Poets湖畔诗人Literary Critic 浪漫派的第一个文学评论家1797和华兹华斯同居湖畔Supernatural subjects 超自然三幕诗剧poetical drama：（with Southey）The Fall of Robespierre罗伯斯皮尔的倒台Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集（with华兹华斯）诗歌：The Rime of the Ancient Mariner古舟子咏梦幻诗：Kubla Khan忽必烈汗，未完成：Christabel 克里斯塔贝尔Robert Southey罗伯特·骚塞1774-1843前期激进，后期变成保守党伦敦威斯敏斯特中学，Lake Poets湖畔诗人Poet laureate 桂冠诗人1813不规则的押韵诗irregularrhymed verse，帮助浪漫诗体从18世纪禁锢中解放长诗：Joan of Arc圣女贞德诗剧：Wat Taylor瓦特·泰勒三幕诗剧poetical drama：（with Coleridge）The Fall of Robespierre罗伯斯皮尔的倒台使其获得声誉的短诗：The Inchcape Rock, The Battleof Blenheim, My Days among the Dead are Passe最全文档整理d英国浪漫主义时期牛津散文：The Life of Nelson浪漫叙事长诗：Thalabathe Destroyer, Madoc, TheCurse of Keharma, Roderick,the last of GothsGeorge GordonByron乔治·戈登·拜伦1788-1824Clubfoot 跛足Lord Byron贵族头衔加入希腊独立战争，病逝伦敦贵族家庭但被父亲抛弃，母亲性格多变哈罗公学，剑桥人民利益的坚定支持者与雪莱有亲密友谊与雪莱被公认为英国浪漫主义革命时期最伟大的两位诗人Activeromanticists积极浪漫主义者第一部个人诗集：Hours of Idleness休闲的时光讽刺长诗：English Bards and Scotch Reviewers演说：Song for the Luddites卢德者之歌叙事诗（oriental tales）：Giaour，the Bride of Abydos，the Corsair，Lara，Parisina，the Siege of Corinth，the Prisoner of Chillon抒情诗：Herbrew Melodies希伯来歌曲其他：Sonnet on Chillon，Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage恰尔德·哈罗尔德游记诗剧：Manfred，Don Juan唐·璜，Cain该隐，TheProphecy of Dante但丁预言，Vision of Judgement审判的幻景Percy ByssheShelley波西·比西·雪莱1792-1822父亲是保守爵士伊顿公学牛津大学反宗教与拜伦有亲密友谊墓志铭：“The Heart of Hearts”众心之心热爱劳动人民，反对剥削“the most wonderful lyric poetEngland has ever produced”与拜伦被公认为英国浪漫主义革命时期最伟大的两位诗人The Necessity of Atheism 无神论的必然性Address to the Irish People 致爱尔兰人民长诗：Queen Mab 麦布女王The Revolt of Islam 伊斯兰的起义政治抒情诗：Masque of Anarchy，Song to the Men ofEngland诗剧：Prometheus Unbound诗体历史悲剧：The Cenci戏剧讽刺诗：Peter Bell the Third抒情诗剧：Hellas散文：A Defence of Poetry给济慈的挽诗：Adonais其他抒情诗：Ode to the West Wind西风颂，to aSkylark致云雀，Love’s Philosophy，One Word Is too最全文档整理Often Profaned，With a Guitar，to Jean，the Indian SerenadeJohn Keats 约翰·济慈1795-1821 弃医从文，一直贫困，染绝症早逝15岁父母双亡在雪莱帮助下出版第一部诗集“here lies one whose name iswrit in water”创作准则：“Beauty in truth，truth in beauty”艺术目的：always to create abeautiful world of imaginationas opposed to the sordid realityof his day长诗：Endymion，Isabella，The Eve of Et.Agnes，Eamia，Hyperion（长篇史诗，未完成但最杰出）、短诗：Sleep and Poetry，Bright Star，When I HaveFear，所有特性体现在颂歌中Ode to Autumn，Ode toMelancholy，Ode on a Grecian Urn，Ode to aNightingaleCharles Lamb 查尔斯·兰姆1775-1834 生于伦敦，姐姐精神病；严重口吃；在东印度公司工作33年基督慈善学校与柯勒律治有毕生的友谊浪漫主义学派的评论家特点：幽默，擅双关语和笑话使莎翁的戏剧通俗化代表了下层中产阶级的心声The greatest contribution toEnglish literature：伊利亚随笔不成功的作品：诗Old Familiar Faces，On an InfantDying as soon as Born 感伤罗曼史Rosamuned Gray笑剧Mr.H评论：Specimens from English Dramatic PoetsContemporary with Shakespeare改编莎剧：The Tales from Shakespeare（第一部成功的文学作品）散文集：The Essays of Elia，Last Essays of Elia其中散文：Old China，Dream Children，TheSuperannuated Man，The Home Is Home Though It IsNever So Homely，A Dissertation upon Roast Pig，Christ’s Hospital Five and Thirty Years AgoA deep-rooted radical激进者A master of the familiar essay随评论：The Characters of Shakespeare‘s Plays，Lectures on the Dramatic Literature of the Age of最全文档整理William Hazlitt 威廉·哈兹利特父亲是持异教徒政见的牧师笔大师Romantic criticism浪漫主义文学评论家兰姆是他最好的朋友同巅峰时期的柯勒律治和华兹华斯会面浪漫主义者中唯一信仰法国大革命缘由不动摇的人浪漫主义Queen Elizabeth，Lectures on the English Poets，Lectures on the English Comic Writers，Spirit of theAge时代精神散文集：Table Talk，The Plain Speaker，Sketches andEssays，Winterslow优秀散文：My First Acquaintance with Poets，OnGoing a Journey，On Reading Old Books，Of PersonsOne Would Wish to Have Seen，The Feeling of Moralityin Youth，On Taste，On Familiar Style，The SickChamber，The FightLeigh Hunt 利·亨特1784-1859 因指责摄政王而入狱基督慈善学校散文家、评论家、诗人A martyr in the cause of liberty为自由而战的斗士对雪莱和济慈赏识晚年同狄更斯、卡莱尔、布朗宁成为朋友与哥哥出版周刊the Examiner 观察者帮助拜伦雪莱出版季刊The Liberal 解放者诗歌：The Story of Rimini，About Ben Adhem，JennyKissed Me 。
Poems about spring 关于春天的诗
Born Died Occupation Nationality Alma mater Period Notable work(s)
2022/2/4
Baptised November 1567 Lowestoft, Suffolk c. 1601 (aged 33–34) Playwright, poet, satirist English St John's College, Cambridge circa 1589–1599 Summer's Last Will and Testament (1592)
与她的精雕细作耦联; 使我心灵深感悲伤而想 人类都造就些什么人啊。
穿越樱草丛，翠绿树茵下， 长春花遍地撒满花环; 我深信每一朵花 都在尽情呼吸着空气。
2022/2/4
10
我周围的鸟儿跳跃，嬉戏， 他们想什么，我无法测量： 但他们最轻微的动作， 似乎都是喜悦的震颤。
为了捕获空中的微风， 萌芽枝条伸展它们的蒲扇; 我必须尽我所能想象， 那里充满喜悦欢畅。
The budding twigs spread out their fan, To catch the breezy air; And I must think, do all I can, That there was pleasure there.
If this belief from heaven be sent,
Thy silver dishes for thy meat, 银盘里盛满了你的美味，
As precious as the gods do eat, 和众神的佳肴一样鲜美，
Shall on an ivory table be
威廉·华兹华斯_最终版
In 1842,Wordsworth received a government pension ,and in the following year he succeeded Southey as Poet Laureate. In 1850,Wordsworth died by aggravating a case of pleurisy.
In 1802 Wordsworth married Mary Hutchinson ,a childhood friend ,who is portrayed in the charming lyric as “a Phantom of Delight.” In 1813,Wordsworth moved to Rydal Mount ,a few kilometers from Dove Cottage ,and there the poet spent the remainder of his life ,except for periodic travels .In his later years ,his position as a great poet was firmly established.
All good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of pth
The second of five children born to John Wordsworth and Ann Cookson, William Wordsworth was born on 7 April 1770 in Cockermouth in Cumberland — part of the scenic region in northwest England, the Lake District. Wordsworth made his debut as a writer in 1787 when he published a sonnet in The European Magazine. That same year he began attending St John's College, Cambridge, he developed a keen love of nature as a youth. and received his B.A. degree in 1791 . He returned to Hawkshead for his first two summer holidays, and often spent later holidays on walking tours, visiting places famous for the beauty of their landscape. In 1790, he took a walking tour of Europe, during which he toured the Alps extensively, and also visited nearby areas of France, Switzerland, and Italy.
《英国文学选读》浪漫主义诗歌名家译文[1]
![《英国文学选读》浪漫主义诗歌名家译文[1]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/d2d33534a6c30c2258019e01.png)
对全部高中资料试卷电气设备，在安装过程中以及安装结束后进行高中资料试卷调整试验；通电检查所有设备高中资料电试力卷保相护互装作置用调与试相技互术关，系电，通力根1保过据护管生高线产中敷工资设艺料技高试术中卷0资不配料仅置试可技卷以术要解是求决指，吊机对顶组电层在气配进设置行备不继进规电行范保空高护载中高与资中带料资负试料荷卷试下问卷高题总中2体2资，配料而置试且时卷可，调保需控障要试各在验类最；管大对路限设习度备题内进到来行位确调。保整在机使管组其路高在敷中正设资常过料工程试况1卷中下安，与全要过，加度并强工且看作尽护下可1都关能可于地以管缩正路小常高故工中障作资高；料中对试资于卷料继连试电接卷保管破护口坏进处范行理围整高，核中或对资者定料对值试某，卷些审弯异核扁常与度高校固中对定资图盒料纸位试，置卷编.工保写况护复进层杂行防设自腐备动跨与处接装理地置，线高尤弯中其曲资要半料避径试免标卷错高调误等试高，方中要案资求，料技编试术写5、卷交重电保底要气护。设设装管备备置线4高、调动敷中电试作设资气高，技料课中并3术试、件资且中卷管中料拒包试路调试绝含验敷试卷动线方设技作槽案技术，、以术来管及避架系免等统不多启必项动要方高式案中，；资为对料解整试决套卷高启突中动然语过停文程机电中。气高因课中此件资，中料电管试力壁卷高薄电中、气资接设料口备试不进卷严行保等调护问试装题工置，作调合并试理且技利进术用行，管过要线关求敷运电设行力技高保术中护。资装线料置缆试做敷卷到设技准原术确则指灵：导活在。。分对对线于于盒调差处试动，过保当程护不中装同高置电中高压资中回料资路试料交卷试叉技卷时术调，问试应题技采，术用作是金为指属调发隔试电板人机进员一行，变隔需压开要器处在组理事在；前发同掌生一握内线图部槽 纸故内资障，料时强、，电设需回备要路制进须造行同厂外时家部切出电断具源习高高题中中电资资源料料，试试线卷卷缆试切敷验除设报从完告而毕与采，相用要关高进技中行术资检资料查料试和，卷检并主测且要处了保理解护。现装场置设。备高中资料试卷布置情况与有关高中资料试卷电气系统接线等情况，然后根据规范与规程规定，制定设备调试高中资料试卷方案。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
赏析:
威廉·华兹华斯（1770－1850）是英国19世纪著名的浪漫派诗人，他对自然的热爱以及他大部分人生所度过的地方-----湖区的湖光山色对他的性格和作品有着深远的影响。
《早春诗行》描写了诗人坐在树荫下享受大自然美景的情景。
诗中三，四和第五小节描绘了一幅欢乐的“花鸟树草”图。
诗人虽然无法知道樱草花，常春藤，鸟儿和花蕾有何真实感受，但从花儿鲜艳的色彩和鸟儿欢快的叫声中，他感受到世间万物都在享受大自然的清新和美丽，每一个姿态和动作都展示它们正在迸发的兴奋和快乐。
在这样欢乐的气氛中，诗人本应投入大自然的怀抱，尽情享受自然的美丽，然而，在这充满春的欢乐的季节里，诗人想到的却是“人怎样对待着人”。
从万物的欢乐中，华兹华斯想到了人间的痛苦和悲伤。
他认为，人本为大自然的一部分，理应加入大自然欢乐的海洋，但是人间的情况却不是如此，是人类自身造成了人间的痛苦和悲伤。
诗歌含蓄地表达了作者对世间不平的抗议和对公平社会的渴望。