2013年职称英语理工A阅读理解押题文章

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2013英语职称考试押题卷阅读翻译1-2(理工A)_天一

Earth Angles1. Joying Brescia八岁时发现烟头乱扔使得她的家乡—IsIe of Palms 海滩，加利佛利亚南部—显得杂乱不堪。

当她知道要使烟头自然腐烂消失需要5年时间时，她决定要做些什么。

Joying开展了一项“海滩没有烟头”活动。

她筹措资金，并呼吁人们要有保持海滩清洁的意识。

在其他人的帮助下，Joying也买了或者收到捐赠的加仑大小的塑料冰淇淋桶。

把这些桶装满沙子，放在海滩所有的公共入口区，让人们把他们的烟头扔到桶里。

两年后，Joying说这些桶满了，而海滩干净了。

2. 居住在或去Steamboat Springs旅游过的人们知道那里有一个新的野生动物保护区，保护了20英亩的湿地和许多种野生动物。

当Carter还是一名中学新生时，就和其他同学为Y ampa河附近的区域制定了一项管理计划，而这个计划只是此类项目的一部分。

与科罗拉多州野生动物部一起工作，Carter和其他同学为这片区域和生活在那里的动物们绘制了地图。

除此之外，他们还决定建造围墙和停车场。

3. Barbara Brown和她的朋友们收集汽油。

当俱乐部中的一个女孩发现她父亲遗弃在地面的汽油使农场的一些草死亡后，这开始作为她们4H俱乐部的一个项目。

她们做了一些研究，发现汽油使地下水受到污染。

这对当地饮用地下水的地区是一个真实的危害。

与当地一个汽油循环利用公司一起工作，女孩们研究回收利用汽油的方法。

现在，“不要粗鲁”项目在人们可能一起汽油的社区，运作着可容纳460加仑的汽油回收箱。

4. 五年前，11岁的Ryan Hreljac还是一个孩子时，就有一个梦想，就是让生活在非洲的所有人都能喝上干净的饮用水。

当他知道一些人由于没有干净水可饮用而死亡，而建造一口井只需区区70美元时，他就有了这个梦想。

Ryan说：“我们一直认为饮用干净水是理所当然的，而在一些国家，人们不得不为喝水而谋划。

”。

Ryan虽然最初靠做额外的零工只赚的70美元，但在其他人的帮助下，他筹集了数千美元。

2013英语职称考试押题卷阅读翻译2(理工A)_天一

Fermi Problem在七月的一个星期一的早上，在新墨西哥沙漠世界上第一颗原子弹爆炸了。

40秒后，振动波到达了意大利裔美国物理学家Enrico Fermi和他的团队的营地。

经过计算后，Fermi向他的团队宣布，这次爆炸的威力相当于1万吨炸药。

团队的人都很激动，但对这一结果都不惊奇。

Fermi的才智在科学界是众所周知的，1938年他就获得了诺贝尔奖。

4年后，他第一个发现了核链锁反应，把我们带入了核时代。

自从Fermi于1954年去世后，没有那个科学家既是一位精通的实验主义者又是一位领先的理论家。

与所有大师一样，Fermi有自己独特的风格。

他喜欢用最直接的方式找到问题的答案，并非常善于将复杂问题分成若干容易解决的小问题。

这是一个技巧，我们可以应用在日常生活中。

为了让他的学生学习这个技巧方法，Fermi会给他们提出一种类型的问题，就是现在被称为的Fermi问题。

Fermi问题就是那种你一听上去好像不可能会得到答案，但你又能利用很少的知识得到答案的问题。

如果当你把问题分成一些小问题，不用借助任何专业人员或书籍，每个小问题都能得到回答时，那你离正确答案会越来越近。

假设你想在不查阅资料的情况下确定出地球的周长。

每个人都知道纽约与洛杉矶相距大约三千英里，而且时差为三个小时。

三小时是一天的八分之一，而地球自转一周用一天时间。

那么，地球周长是三千英里乘以八，也就是两万四千英里，这与真实的答案24902.45英里有一定的误差，但误差小于百分之四。

总之，Fermi处理日常问题方法的价值在于鼓励人们独立的发现和发明。

无论这个发现是否与计算原子弹威力那样重要，还是确定纽约和洛杉矶的相距距离那么小的发现，查阅答案或是让其他人发现答案，都会剥夺你拥有创造力时的快乐和骄傲，并且还会使你失去实验所带给你的自信。

因此，像Fermi问题那样解决个人困境的思维一旦成为习惯，就会使你的生活丰富多彩。

Touring the Antarctic Brings Danger1. 乘轮船去南极旅游呈上升趋势，今年春天和夏天，三万五千多名游客会去南极旅游。

2013年职称英语考试理工类A级-阅读理解练习题及答案

2013年职称英语考试理工类A 级-阅读理解练习题及答案DD The volcanoes will come to life.42 Which of the following statements about Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun is true?A They were formed in 1984.B They are at the top of two active volcanoes.C They are not like most other crater lakes.D Water in them turns over regularly.43 Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun explode becauseA the gases rise to the top and mix with air.B people from the villages turn over the water.C scientists have put in a computer system.D they have more gases trapped at the bottom than other crater lakes44 A team of scientists hasA erected a pressure-releasing pipe in the lakeB identified the gases at the bottom of the lakeC built a beautiful fountain near the lakesD removed all dangerous gases from the lakes45 What do we learn from the last paragraph?A Scientists are planning to install pipes in all crater lakes.B Scientists still do not know how to prevent gas explosionsC Explosion disasters could be avoided in the futureD Warning systems have been set up in the villages nearby.参考答案：41 B 该题问的是Nyos和Monoun两湖喷发时会出现什么情况?第一段第五句提到，Monoun喷发时有毒气体随之而出。

2013职称英语理工A内部押题

第十一篇When Our Eyes Serve Our StomachOur senses aren’t just delivering 汪strict view of what’s going on in the world；they’re affected by what’s going on in our heads. A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than people who’ve just eaten.Psychologists have known for decades that what’s going on,inside our head affects our senses. For example, poorer children think coins are larger than they are, and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter. Remi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis，France，wanted to investigate how this happens. Does it happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a little later as the brain’s high-level thinking processes get involved.Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass index. On the day of his or her test, each student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating. Then they were told there was a delay. Some were told to come back in 10 minutes; others were given an hour to get lunch first. So half the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten.For the experiment, the participant looked at a computer screen. One by one, 80 words flashed on the screen for about l/300th of a second each. They flashed at so small a size that the students could only consciously perceive. A quarter of the words were food-related. After each word，each person was asked how bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they’d seen — a food-related word like cake or a neutral word like boat. Each word appeared too briefly for the participant to really read it. Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food- related words. Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen, this means that the difference is in perception ,not in thinking processes, Radel says. “This is something great to me. Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive for. From the experiment, I know that our brain can really be at the disposal of our motives and needs,” Radel says.词汇：threshold n.起点，开端；门槛disposal n.处理,处置;配置neutral adj.中性的；中立的motive n.动机，目的strive v.努力，力求;斗争注释：1. Our senses aren’ t just delivering a strict view of ... in our heads:这个句子的大概意思是:我们的五官感觉不仅仅让我们感知世界;五官感觉还受大脑活动的影响。

2013职称英语综合A 阅读理解押题3

综合A-1+第三十四篇To Have and Have Not 逃亡It had been boring hanging about the hotel all afternoon. The road crew were playing a game with dollar notes. Folding them into small planes to see whose would fly the furthest. Having nothing better to do，I joined in and won five，and then took the opportunity to escape with my profit. Despite the evil-looking clouds，I had to get out for a while.I headed for a shop on the other side of the street. Unlike the others，it didn't have a sign shouting its name and business，and instead of the usual impersonal modern light ing，there was an appealing glow inside. Strangely nothing was displayed in the window. Not put off by this，I went inside.It took my breath away. I didn't know where to look, where to start. On one wall there hung three hand-stitched American quilts that were in such wonderful condition质量好they might have been newly-made.新做的I came across tin toys and antique furniture, and on the wall in front of me, a 1957 Stratocaster guitar , also in excellent condition. A card pushed between the strings said $50. I ran my hand along a long shelf of records, reading their titles. And there was more...“Can I help you？” She startled me. I hadn't even seen the woman behind the counter come in. The way she looked at me, so directly and with such power. It was a look of such intensity that for a moment I felt as if I were wrapped in some kind of magnetic or electrical field. I found it hard to take and almost turned away. But though it was uncomfortable. I was fascinated by the experience of her look ing straight into me, and by the feeling that I was neither a stranger, nor strange, to her.Besides amusement her expression showed sympathy. It was impossible to tell her age；she reminded me faintly of my grandmother because, although her eyes were friendly, I could see that she was not a woman to fall out with. I spoke at last. 'I was just looking really,' I said, though secretly wondering how much of the stuff I could cram into the bus.The woman turned away and went at once towards a back room, indicating that I should follow her. But it in no way lived up to the first room. The light made me feel peculiar, too. It came from an oil lamp that was hung from the centre of the ceiling and created huge shadows over everything. There were no rare electric guitars, no old necklaces, no hand-painted boxes with delicate flowers. It was also obvious that it must have taken years, decades, to collect so much rubbish垃圾, so many old documents arid papers.I noticed some old books, whose gold lettering had faded, making their titles impossible to read. 'They look interesting,' I said, with some hesitation. 'To be able to understand that kind of writing you must first have had a similar experience,' she said clearly. She noted the confused look on my face, but didn't add anything.She reached up for a small book which she handed to me. 'This is the best book I can give you at the moment,' she laughed. “If you use it.” I opened the book to find it full. or rather empty, with blank white pages, but paid her the few dollars she asked for it, becoming embarrassed when I realised the notes were still folded into little paper planes. I put the book in my pocket, thanked her and left.词汇：impersonal /im'p?:s?n?l/ adj. 客观的；非个人的；没有人情味的；[语] 非人称的n.[语]非人称动词；不具人格的事物antique / n'ti:k/ adj. 古老的，年代久远的n. 古董，古玩startle /'stɑ:tl/ vt. vi. 使吓一跳，使惊奇n.惊愕，惊恐arid / ' rid/ adj. 干旱的，枯萎的。

2013年职称英语理工类押题范围

重要范围2013年职称英语理工类重点复习范围理工类C级阅读理解11(新)考题预测19(新)冲刺20614完形填空3(新)（考题预测）8(新)冲刺72 B级阅读理解37（考题预测）35冲刺323334完形填空12（考题预测）11冲刺8A级阅读理解48(新)考题预测50冲刺424649完形填空13（考题预测）14冲刺15注释：例：11：意思是教材中阅读理解第11篇文章。

3、8、7、2：意思是教材中完型填空第3、8、7、2 篇文章。

即：上表格中的数字为教材中对应的篇数新：意思是今年新增的文章；考题预测：意思是考题预测班讲过这篇文章，大家可以在考题预测班重新看；冲刺：意思是冲刺班讲过这篇文章，大家可以在冲刺班重新看。

具体内容如下：C级：阅读理解：第十一篇When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach第十九篇Musical Robot Companion Enhances Listener Experience第二十篇Explorer of the Extreme Deep第六篇Making Light of Sleep第十四篇Japanese Car Keeps Watch for Drunk Drivers完型填空：第三篇Giant Structures 第八篇Why India Needs Its Dying Vultrures第七篇An Intelligent Car 第二篇Avalanche and Its SafetyB级：阅读理解：第三十七篇“Don’t Drink Alone”Gets New Meaning第三十五篇Putting Plants to Work第三十二篇Mind-reading Machine第三十三篇Experts Call for Local and Regional Control of Sites for Radioactive 第三十四篇Batteries Built by Viruses完形填空：第十二篇Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk第十一篇Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities第八篇Why India Needs Its Dying VulturesA级：阅读理解：第四十八篇：Researchers Discover Why Humans Began Walking Upright第五十篇Cell Phones Increase Traffic, Pedestrian Fatalities第四十二篇Renewable Energy Sources第四十六篇Ants Have Big Impact on Environment as “Ecosystem Engineers”第四十九讲U.S. Scientists Confirm Water on Mars完形填空：第十三篇Better Solar Energy Systems: More Heat, More Light第十四篇Sharks Perform a Service for Earth’s Waters第十五篇“Liquefaction”Key to Much of Japanese Earthquake Damage。

2013年度全国职称英语等级考试理工类(A级)试题(二)

2013年度全国职称英语等级考试理工类（A级）试题第4部分：阅读理解（第31~45题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇On the Trail of the Honey BadgerOn a recent field trip to the Kalahari Desert, a team of researchers learnt a lot more about honey badgers (獾)The team employed a local wildlife expert, Kitso Khama, to help them locate and follow the badgers across the desert. Their main aim was to study the badgers’ movements and behaviour as discreetly (谨慎地）as possible, without frightening them away or causing them to change their natural behaviour. They also planned to trap a few and study them close up before relea sing them. In view of the anima’s reputation, this was something that even Khama was reluctant to do.“The problem with honey badgers Is they are naturally curious animals, especially when they see something new,”he says. “That，combined with their unpredictable nature, can be a dangerous mixture. If they sense you have food, for example, they won’t be shy about coming right up to you for something to eat. They’re actually quite sociable creatures around humans, but as soon as they feel they might be in danger, they can become extremely vicious (凶恶的) Fortunately this is rare, but it does happen. ’’The research confirmed many things that were already known. As expected, honey badgers ate any creatures they could catch and kill. Even poisonous snakes, feared and avoided by most other animals, were not safe from them. The researchers were surprised, however, by the animal’s fondness for local melons, probably because of their high water content. Previously researchers thought that the animal got ail of its liquid requirements from its prey (猎物). The team also learnt that, contrary to previous research findings, the badgers occasionally formed loose family groups. They were also able to confirm certain results from previous research, including the fact that female badgers never socialised with each other.Following some of the male badgers was a challenge, since they can cover large distances in a short space of time. Some hunting territories cover more than 500 square kilometres. Although they seem happy to share these territories with other males, there are occasional fights over an Important food source, and male badgers can be as aggressive towards each other as they are towards other species.As the badgers became accustomed to the presence of people，it gave the team the chance to get up close to them without being the subject of the animals，curiosity —or their sudden aggression. The badgers’ eating patterns, which had been disrupted, returned to normal. It also allowed the team to observe more closely some of the other creatures that form working associations with the honey badger, as these seemed to adopt the badgers’ relaxed attitude when near humans.28 Why did the wildlife experts visit the Kalahari Desert?A To find where honey badgers live.B To observe how honey badgers behave.C To catch some honey badgers for food.D To find out why honey badgers have a bad reputation.29 What does Kitso Khama say about honey badgers?A They show interest in things they are not familiar with.B They are always looking for food.C They do not enjoy human company.D it is common for them to attack people.30 What did the team find out about honey badgers?A There were some creatures they did not eat.B They were afraid of poisonous creatures.C They may get some of the water they needed from fruit.D Female badgers did not mix with male badgers.31 Which of the following is a typical feature of male badgers?A They don't run very quickly.B They hunt over a very large area.C They defend their territory from other badgers.D They are more aggressive than females.32 What happened when honey badgers got used to humans around them?A They lost interest in people.B They became less aggressive towards other creatures.C They started eating more.D Other animals started working with them.第二篇Forecasting MethodsThere are several different methods that can be used to create a forecast. The method a forecaster chooses depends upon the experience of the forecaster, the amount of information available to the forecaster, the level of difficulty that the forecast situation presents, and the degree of accuracy or confidence needed in the forecast.The first of these methods is the persistence method; the simplest way of producing a forecast. The persistence method assumes that the conditions at the time of the forecast will not change. For example, if it is sunny and 87 degrees today, the persistence method predicts that it will be sunny and 87 degrees tomorrow, if two inches of rain fell today, the persistence method would predict two inches of rain for tomorrow. However, if weather conditions change significantly from day to day, the persistence method usually breaks down and is not the best forecasting method to use.The trends method involves determining the speed and direction of movement for fronts, high and low pressure centers, and areas of clouds and precipitation (降水量) Using this information, the forecaster can predict where he or she expects those features to be at some future time. For example, if a storm system is 1,000 miles west of your location and moving to the east at 250 miles per day, using the trends method you would predict it to arrive in your area in 4 days. The trends method works well when systems continue to move at the same speed in the same direction for a long period of time. If they slow down, speed up, change intensity, or change directions, the trends forecast will probably not work as well.The climatology (气候学）method is another simple way of producing a forecast. This method involves averaging weather statistics accumulated over many years to make the forecast. For example, if you were using the climatology method to predict the weather for New York City on July 4th, you would go through all the weather data that has been recorded for every July 4th and take an average. The climatology method only works well when the weather pattern is similar to that expected for the chosen time of year. If the pattern is quite unusual for the given time of year, the climatology method will often fall.The analog method is a slightly more complicated method of producing a forecast. It involves examining today’s forecast scenario (模式）and remembering a day in the past when the weather scenario looked very similar (an analog). The forecaster would predict that the weather in this forecast will behave the same as it did in the past. The analog method is difficult to use because It isvirtually impossible to find a predict analog. Various weather features rarely align themselves in the same locations as they were in the previous time. Even small differences between the current time and the analog can lead to very different results.36 Which of the following factors is NOT mentioned in choosing a forecasting method?A Necessary amount of information.B Creativity of the forecaster.C Degree of difficulty involved in forecasting.D Practical knowledge of the forecaster.37 The persistence method fails to work well whenA it is rainy.B it is sunny.C weather conditions stay stable.D weather conditions change greatly.38 The trends method works well whenA weather features are constant for a long period of time.B weather features are defined well enough.C predictions on precipitation are accurate.D the speed and direction of movement are predicable.39 The analog method should not be used in making a weather forecast whenA the analog looks complicated.B the analog is more than 10 years old.C the current weather scenario is different from the analog.D the current weather scenario is exactly the same as the analog.40 Historical weather data are necessary inA the persistence method and the trends method.B the trends method and the climatology method.C the climatology method and the analog method.D the persistence method and the analog method.第三篇Students Learn Better with Touchscreen DesksObserve the criticisms of nearly any major public education system in the world, and a few of the many complaints are more or less universal. Technology moves faster than the education system. Teachers must teach at the pace of the slowest student rather than the fastest. And - particularly in the United States - school children as a group don’t care much for, or excel（擅长）at, mathematics. So it's heartening to l earn that a new kind of “classroom of the future” shows promise at easing some of these problems, starting with that fundamental piece of classroom furniture: the desk.AUK study involving roughly 400 students, mostly aged 8-10 years, and a new generation of multi-touch, multi-user, computerized desktop surfaces is showing that over the last three years the technology has appreciably boosted students ’ math skills compare d with peers learning the same material via the conventional paper-and-pencil method. How? Through collaboration，mostly, as well as by giving teachers better tools by which to micromanage individual students who need some extra Instruction while allowing the rest of the class to continue moving forward.Traditional instruction still shows respectable efficacy (效力）at increasing students’ fluency in mathematics, essentially through memorization and practice - dull, repetitive practice. But the researchers have concluded that these new touchscreen desks boost both fluency and flexibility - the critical thinking skills that allow students to solve complex problems not simply through knowing formulas and devices，but by being able to figure out what the real problem is and the most effective means of stripping it down and solving It.One reason for this, the researchers say, is the multi-touch aspect of the technology. Students working in the next-gen classroom can work together at the same tabletop, each of them contributing and engaging with the problem as part of a group. Known as SynergyNet, the software uses computervision systems that see in the infrared (红外线的）spectrum to distinguish between different touches on different parts of the surface, allowing students to access and use tools on the screen, move objects and visual aids around on their desktops, and otherwise physically interact with the numbers and information on their screens. By using these screens collaboratively, the researchers say, the students are to some extent teaching themselves as those with a stronger grasp on difficult concepts pull other students forward along with them.41 Which of the following statements is NOT true of the public education system?A It does not catch up with the development of technology.B Some similar complaints about It are heard in different countries.C Teachers pay more attention to fast learners than slow learners.D Many students are not good at learning mathematics.42 What has been found after the new tech is employed?A Students become less active in learning mathematics.B Teachers are able to give individualized attention to students in need.C Students show preference to the conventional paper-and-pencil method.D The gap between slow learners and fast learners gets more noticeable.43 What is the benefit students get from the new tech?A It makes them more fluent in public speech.B It offers them more flexibility in choosing courses.C It Is effective in helping them solve physical problems.D It enables them to develop critical thinking ability.44 What happens when students are using the desktop of the new tech?A Every student has an individual tabletop.B The multi-touch function stimulates students.C The software installed automatically identifies different users.D Students use different tools to interact with each other.45 How does the new tech work to improve students, mathematical learning?A It enables them to work together.B It helps fast learners to learn faster.C It makes teachers’ instruction unnecessary.D It allows the whole class to learn at the same pace.。

2013年度全国职称英语等级考试理工类(A级)试题(三)

2013年度全国职称英语等级考试理工类（A级）试题第5部分：补全短文 (第46~50题，每题2分，共10分）下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

Toads are Arthritic and in PainArthritis (关节炎）is an Illness that can cause pain and swelling in your bones. Toads (蟾蜍），a big problem In the north of Australia, are suffering from painful arthritis in their legs and backbone, a new study has shown. The toads that jump the fastest are more likely to be larger and to have longer legs.___ (46)The large yellow toads, native to South and Central America, were introduced into the north-eastern Australian state of Queensland in 1935 In an attempt to stop beetles and other Insects from destroying sugarcane crops. Now up to 200 million of the poisonous toads exist in the country, and they are rapidly spreading through the state of Northern Territory at a rate of up to 60 km a year. The toads can now be found across more than one million square kilometres. ___ (47) A Venezuelan poison virus was tried in the 1990s but had to be abandoned after it was found to also kill native frog species.The toads have severely affected ecosystems in Australia. Animals, and sometimes pets, that eat the toads die immediately from their poison, and the toads themselves eat anything they can fit inside their mouth. ___ (48)A co-author of the new study, Rick Shine, a professor at the University of Sydney, says that little attention has been given to the problems that toads face. Rick and his colleagues studied nearly 500 toads from Queensland and the Northern Territory and found that those in the latter state were very different. They were active, sprinting down roads and breeding quickly.According to the results of the study, the fastest toads travel nearly one kilometer a night. ___ (49) But speed and strength come at a price — arthritis of the legs and backbone due to constant pressure placed on them.In laboratory tests, the researchers found that after about 15 minutes of hopping, arthritic toads would travel less distance with each hop (跳跃）. ___ (50) These toads are so programmed to move, apparently, that even when in pain the toads travelled as fast and as far as the healthy ones, continuing their constant march across the landscape.A Furthermore, they soon take over the natural habitats of Australia’s native species.B Toads are not built to be road runners — they are built to sit around ponds and wet areas.C But this advantage also has a big drawback — up to 10% of the biggest toads suffer from arthritis.D But arthritis didn’t slow down toads outside the laboratory, the researchers found.E The task now facing the country is how to remove the toads.F Toads with longer legs move faster and travel longer distances, while the others are being left behind.第6部分：完形填空（第51 ~65题，每题1分，共I5分）下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

2013年职称英语考试（理工）全部阅读理解答案解析及译文（第6篇改正版）

2013年职称英语考试（理工）全部阅读理解答案解析及译文（第6篇改正版）2013年职称英语考试（理工）全部阅读理解答案解析及译文第1篇Ford Abandons Electric V ehiclesThe Ford motor company‘s abandonment of electric cars effectively signals the end of the road for the technology，analysts say．General Motors。

and Honda‘ceased production of battery．powered cars in 1 999, to focus on fuel cell and hybrid electric gasoline engines, which are more attractive to the consumer．Ford has now announced it will do the same．Three years ago．the company introduced the Think City two—seater car and a golf cart called the THINK, or Think Neighbor．It hoped to sell 5，000 cars each year and 10，000 carts．But a lack of demand means only about l，000 of the cars have been produced，and less than 1。

700 carts have been sold so far in 2002．―The bottom line is we don‘t believe that this is the future of environment transport for the mass market．‖Tim Holmes of Ford Europe said on Friday．―We feel we have given electric our best shot‖The Think City has a range of only about 53 miles and up to a six-hour battery recharge time．General Motors‘EVI electric vehicle also had a limited range。

2013年职称英语(理工类A)全部阅读理解答案总结缩放

*第三十一篇 Hurricane Katrina文章名称问题答案Hurricane Katrina31.Hurricane Katrina （理B ） 1) What is the eye of a hurricane? 2)Which of the following is NOT the “requirements ” mentioned inthe second paragraph?3) Which of the following is the best explanation of the word “drive ” in the third paragraph?4) What does the warm air mentioned in the fourth paragraph produce when it is rising from the sea surface?5)What is NOT true of Hurricane Katrina according to the lastparagraph?31.Hurricane Katrina （理B ） 1) A calm central region of low pressure between 12 to 60 miles in diameter.2) The tropical waters are warm and calm.3) To supply the motive force or power and cause to function. 4) Low pressure.5)The humanitarian crisis is as serious as that of the great depression.卡特里娜飓风31. 卡特里娜飓风（理B ） ①飓风眼是指____________。

②飓风形成的要求不包括______________。

博大考神2013年职称英语考试理工类A级试题--阅读理解(附参考答案)

博大考神2013年职称英语理工类A级试题--阅读理解（附参考答案）作者：博大考神职称英语考试网来源：/En/ 2013年职称英语考试理工类A级真题试题--阅读理解参考答案已经出来了，周嵩林老师（ET）、薛琴老师（Sarah）、邱芳老师（Sylvia）等博大考神职称英语考试专家为你在第一时间更新出来！！！【博大考神】第4部分：阅读理解（第31~45题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇On the Trial of the Honey Badger31. Why did the wild life experts visit the Kalahari Desert?A. To find where honey badgers live.B. To catch some honey badgers for food.C. To observe how honey badgers behave.D. To find out why honey badgers have a bad reputation.32. What does Kitso Khama say about honey badgers?A. They are always looking for food.B. They do not enjoy human company.C. They show interest in things they are not familiar with.D. It is common for them to attack people.33. What did the team find out about honey badgers?A. There were some creatures they did not eat.B. They were afraid of poisonous creatures.C. Female badgers did not mix with male badgers.D. They may get some of the water they needed from fruit.34. Which of the following is a typical feature of male badgers?A. They don’t run very quickly.B. They defend their territory from other badgers.C. They hunt over a very large area.D. They are more aggressive than females.35. What happened when honey badgers got used to humans around them?A. They became less aggressive towards other creatures.B. They lost interest in people.C. They started eating more.D. Other animals started working with them.第二篇Forecasting MethodsThere are several different methods that can be used to create a forecast. The method forecaster chooses depends upon the experience of the forecaster, the amount of information available to the forecaster, the level of difficulty that the forecast situation presents, and the degree of accuracy or confidence needed in the forecast.The first of these methods is the persistence method; the simplest way of producing a forecast. The persistence method assumes that the conditions at the time of the forecast will not change. For example, if it is sunny and 87 degree today, the persistence method predicts that it will be sunny and 87 degree tomorrow. If two inches of rain fell today, the persistence method would predict two inches of rain for tomorrow. However, if weather conditions change significantly from day to day, the persistence method usually breaks down and is not the best forecasting method to use.The trends method involves determining the speed and direction of movement for fronts, high and low pressure centers, and areas of clouds and precipitation. Using this information, the forecaster can predict where he or she expects those features to be at some future time. For example, if a storm system is 1,000 miles west of your location and moving to the east at 250 miles per day, suing the trends method you would predict it to arrive in your area in 4 days. The trends method works well when systems continue to move at the same speed in the same direction for a long period of time. if they slow down, speed up, change intensity, or change direction, the trends forecast will probably not work as well.The climatology method is another simple way of producing a forecast. This methodinvolves averaging weather statistics accumulated over many years to make the forecast. For example, if you were using the climatology method to predict the weather for New York City on July 4th, you would go through all the weather data that has been recorded for every July 4th and take an average. The climatology method only works well when the weather pattern is similar to that expected for the chosen time of year. if the pattern is quite unusual for the given time of year, the climatology method will often fail.The analog method is a slightly more complicated method of producing a forecast. It involves examining today's forecast scenario and remembering a day in the past when the weather scenario looked very similar (an analog). The forecaster would predict that the weather in this forecast will behave the same as it did in the past. The analog method is difficult to use because it is virtually impossible to find a predict analog. Various weather features rarely align themselves in the same locations they were in the previous time. Even small differences between the current time and the analog can lead to very different results.36. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in choosing a forecasting method?A. Necessary amount of information.B. Degree of difficulty involved in forecasting.C. Practical knowledge of the forecaster.D. Creativity of the forecaster.37. The persistence method fails to work well whenA. it is rainy.B. it is sunny.C. weather conditions change greatly.D. weather conditions stay stable.38. The trends method works well whenA. weather features are defined well enough.B. predictions on precipitation are accurate.C. weather features are constant for a long period of time.D. the speed and direction of movement are predictable.39. The analog method should not be used in making a weather forecast whenA. the current weather scenario is different from the analog.B. the analog looks complicated.C. the analog is more than 10 years old.D. the current weather scenario is exactly the same as the analog.40. Historical weather data are necessary inA. the climatology method and the analog methodB. the persistence method and the trends methodC. the trends method and the climatology methodD. the persistence method and the analog method第三篇Students Learn Better with Touchscreen DesksObserve the criticisms of nearly any major public education system in the world, and a few of the many complaints are more or less universal. Technology moves faster than the education system. Teachers must teach at the pace of the slowest student rather than the fastest. And--particularly in the United States—grade school children as a group don’t care much for, or excel at, mathemat ics. So it’s heartening to learn that a new kind of “classroom of the future” shows promise at mitigating some of these problems, starting with that fundamental piece of classroom furniture: the desk.AUK study involving roughly 400 students, mostly aged 8-10 years, and a new generation of multi-touch, multi-user, computerized desktop surfaces is showing that over the last three years the technology has appreciably boosted students’ math skills compared to peers learning the same material via the conventional paper-and-pencil method. How? Through collaboration, mostly, as well as by giving teachers better tools by which to micromanage individual students who need some extra instruction while allowing the rest of the class to continue moving forward.Science, Clay Dillow, classroom of the future, education, engineering, math, mathematics, Synergy Net Traditional instruction still shows respectable efficacy at increasing students fluency in mathematics, essentially through memorization and practice--dull, repetitive practice. But the researchers have concluded that these newtouch screen desks boost both fluency and flexibility--the critical thinking skills that allow students to solve complex problems not simply through knowing formulas and devices, but by being able to figure out what there all problem is and the most effective means of stripping it down and solving it.One reason for this, the researchers say, is the multi-touch aspect of the technology. Students working in the next-gen classroom can work together at the same tabletop, each of them contributing and engaging with the problem as part of a group. Known as Synergy Net, the software uses computer vision systems that see in the infrared spectrum to distinguish between different touches on different parts of the surface, allowing students to access and use tools on the screen, move objects and visual aids around on their desktops, and otherwise physically interact with the numbers and information on their screens. By using these screens collaboratively, the researchers say, the students are to some extent teaching themselves as those with a stronger grasp on difficult concepts pull other students forward along with them.41. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the public education system?A. It does not catch up with the development of technology.B. Some similar complaints about it are heard in different countries.C. Many students are not good at learning mathematics.D. Teachers pay more attention to fast learners than slow learners.42. What has been found after the new tech is employed?A. Students become less active in learning mathematics.B. Students show preference to the conventional paper-and pencil method.C. Teachers are able to give individualized attention to students in no difference.D. The gap between slow learners and fast learners gets more noticeable.43. What is the benefit student get from the new tech?A. It makes them more fluent in public speech.B. It enables them to develop critical thinking ability.C. It offers them more flexibility in choosing courses.D. It is effective in helping them solve physical problems.44. What happens when students are using the desktop of the new tech?A. Every student has an individual tabletop.B. The multi-touch function stimulates students.C. The software installed automatically identifies different users.D. Students use different tools to interact with each other.45. How does the new tech work to improve student’s mathematical learning?A. It helps fast learners to learn faster.B. It enables them to work together.C. It makes teacher’s instruction unnecessary.D. It allows the whole class to learn at the same pace.更多2013年职称英语考试试题与答案：/En/职称英语考试专家周嵩林官方微博：/3063246707/。

2013年职称英语考试理工类A级-阅读理解练习题及答案

2013年职称英语考试理工类A级-阅读理解练习题及答案A Phone That Knows You're BusyIt's a modern problem：you're too busy to be disturbed by incessant(连续不断的)phone calls so you turn your cellphone off .But if you don't remember to turn it back on when you're less busy.you could miss some important calls if only the phone knew when it was wise to interrupt you，you wouldn't have to turn it off at all. Instead，it could let calls through when you are not too busyA bunch of behavior sensors(传感器)and a clever piece of software could do just that，by analyzing your behavior to determine if it's a good time to interrupt you.If built into a phone，the system may decide you're too busy and ask the caller to leave a message or ring back later.James Fogarty and Scott Hudson at Camegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania based their system oil tiny microphones，cameras and touch sensors that reveal body language and activity. First they had to study different behaviors to find out which ones stongly predict whether your mind is interruptedThe potential"busyness"signals they focused on included whether the office doors were left open or closed，the time of day，if other people were with the person in question，how close they were to each other, and whether or not the computer was in use.The sensors monitored these and many other factors while four subjects were at work . At random intervals，the subjects rated how interruptible they were on a scale ranging from"highly interruptible''to"highly not-interruptible" . Their ratings were then correlated with the various behaviors . "It is a shotgun(随意的)approach：we used all the indicators we could think of and then let statistics find out which were important，" says HudsonThe model showed that using the keyboard，and talking on a landline or to someone else in the office correlated most strongly with how interruptible the subjects judged themselves to be.Interestingly，the computer was actually better than people at predicting when someone was too busy to be interrupted . The computer got it right 82 per cent of the time，humans 77 per cent. Fogarty speculates that this might be because people doing the interrupting are inevitably biased towards delivering their message，whereas computers don't care.The first application for Hudson and Fogarty's system is likely to be in an instant messaging system，followed by office phones and cellphones."There is no technological roadblock(障碍) to it being deployed in a couple of years，" says Hudson36 A big problem facing people today is thatA they must tolerate phone disturbances or miss important calls.B they must turn off their phones to keep their homes quiet.C they have to switch from a desktop phone to a cellphone.D they are too busy to make phone calls.37 The behavior sensor and software system built in a phoneA could help store messages.B could send messages instantlyC could tell when it is wise to interrupt you.D could identify important phone calls.38 Scientists at CarnegieMenonUniversity tried to find outA why office doors were often 1eft open.B when it was a good time to turn off the computer.C what questions office workers were bothered with.D which behaviors could tell whether a person was busy39 During the experiment，the subjects were askedA to control the sensors and the camera.B to rate the degrees to which they could be interrupted.C to compare their behaviors with others'.D to analyze all the indicators of interruption.40 The computer performed better than people in the study becauseA the computer worked harder.B the computer was not busyC people tended to be biased.D people were not good at statistics.参考答案：36 A 该题问的是：当今人们面临的一个大的问题是什么?文章第～句就给出了答案：人们太忙了，不能被连续不断的电话骚扰。

2013年职称英语理工A类阅读理解必背文章

Too Little for Global Warming全球变暖“缺油”1.What do the authors of new analysis presented at the University of Uppsala intend to say?作者在**大学提出的新的分析倾向于。

？D．Oil and gas will run out so fast that Earth’s doomsday will never materialize.石油和天然气将耗尽，世界末日不会实现。

2.Nations that signed the Kyoto Protocol agree to签订了《京都议定书》的国家同意B. cut CO2emissions.减少二氧化碳的排放。

3.What are the estimates of the world’s oil and gas reserves?什么是世界石油和天然气储备的估计量？D. 3,500 billion by a growing number of scientists.被越来越多的科学家估计是35000亿桶4.Which of the following about Nebojsa Nakicenovic is true?下列关于N N 这个人哪个是正确的D. He thinks that IPCC’s estimates are more optimistic than the Swedes.他认为政府间气候变化专门委员会的估计比瑞典人更乐观。

5.Which of the following is the near explanation of Nakicenovic’s assertion that”…such a switchworld be disastrous…?”下面哪个是解释Nakicenovic最接近的断言“…这样一个转换会产生是灾难性的后果…?”B. A switch to burning coal would produce disastrous environmental problems.一个转换来燃烧煤会产生灾难性的环境问题Renerwable Energy Sources 可再生能源1. What are the energy resources that are not renewable according to the article?根据短文，什么是能源资源不能再生？D．A and B. A.Petroleum and coal.B.Natural gas.石油、煤、天然气。

2013年职称英语综合类A、B、C级密卷押题

2013年职称英语综合类A、B、C级密卷押题，新鲜出炉距离2013年职称英语考试倒计时一周，职称英语老师经过仔细研究，拟出2013年职称英语综合类A、B、C级密卷押题，希望对职称英语冲刺备考路上的你，有所帮助。

由于时间比较仓促，笔者水平有限，不足之处敬请指证，相互学习。

先在这里预祝大家在3月30日的考试中能取得一个好成绩。

（一）、阅读理解Shark Attack!鲨鱼攻击！Craig Rogers was sitting on his surfboard，scanning the distance for his next wave，when his board suddenly stopped moving．He looked down and was terrified to see a great white shark biting the front of his board．“I could have touched its eye with my elbow．”says Craig．The shark had surfaced so quietly that he hadn’t heard a thing．克雷格Rogers正坐在他的冲浪板，其下一个波扫描距离时，他会突然停下不动了。

他低头，害怕看到大白鲨咬他的板的前面。

“我可以摸到它的眼睛和我的肘。

”克雷格说。

鲨鱼已经浮出水面，那么安静，他没有听到的事。

In his horror and confusion，he waved his arms and accidentally cut two of his fingers on the shark’s teeth1．He then slid off the opposite side of his surfboard into the water．Then, with Craig in the water and blood flowing from his fingers，the five-meter-long shark simply swam away，disappearing into the water below．他的恐惧和混乱，他挥舞着手臂，一不小心把他的两个鲨鱼的teeth1手指。

2013年职称英语理工A 阅读理解(押题篇目教材原文,共一篇)

第四十八篇Researchers Discover Why Humans Began Walking Upright研究人员发现人类开始直立行走的原因Most of us walk and carry items in our hands every day. 我们大多数人每天都走路而且手里搬着东西。

These are seemingly simple activities that the majority of us don’t question.这样的活动看似太简单，大多数人没有疑问。

But an international team of researchers, including Dr. Richmond from GW's Columbian College of Arts and Sciences，have discovered that human walking upright, may have originated millions of years ago as an adaptation to carrying scarce, high- quality resources. 但是一个国际研究者（包括乔治•华盛顿大学哥伦比亚艺术与科学学院的Richmond博士）团队已经发现了人类直立行走可能源于数百万年以前适应搬运稀有的、高质量的资源。

The team of researchers from the U. S., England, Japan and Portugal investigated the behavior of modern-day chimpanzees as they competed for food resources，in an effort to understand what ecological settings would lead a large ape —one that resembles the 6 million-year old ancestor we shared in common with living chimpanzees — to walk on two legs.这些来自美国、英国、日本和葡萄牙的研究者研究了当代黑猩猩争抢食物时的行为特征，试图对什么样的生态环境竟然导致大猿（一种我们与现存的黑猩猩一样的600万年前的祖先）直立行走作出解释。

2013年职称英语理工A类真题试卷与答案解析

2013 年职称英语理工 A 级真题及答案第 1 部分：词汇选项（第1-15 题，每题 1 分，共 15 分）下面每个句子中均有 1 个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定 1 个意义最为接近的选项。

1.The rules are too rigid to allow for humane error.A.inflexibleB.generalC. complexD. direct2.This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.A.turned deadB. passed byC. carried awayD. become extinct3.The contract between the two companies will expire soon.A.shortenB. endC. startD. resume4.Three world-class tennis players came to contend for this title.A.argueB. claimC. wishD. compete5.The methods of communication used during the war were primitive.A.simpleB.reliableC. effectiveD.alternative6.Respect for life is a cardinal principle of the law.A.moralB. regularC. fundamentalD.hard7.The drinking water has become contaminated with lead.A.pollutedB. treatedC. testedD.corruptede out, or I ’ llbust the door down.A.shutB. setC. breakD.beat9.She shed a few tears at her daughter’weddings.A.wipedB. injectedC. producedD. removed10.They didn ’seemt to appreciate the magnitude of the problem.A.existenceB. importanceC. causeD. situation11.The tower remains intact even after two hundred years.A.unknownB. unusualC. undamagedD. unstable12.Many experts remain skeptical about his claims.A.doubtfulB. untouchedC. certainD.silent13. The proposal was endorsed by the majority of members.A. rejectedB. submittedC.consideredD. approved14. Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems.A. sendB. spreadC. hearD. confirm15. The police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town.A. nakedB. cautiousC. blindD. private2013 年职称英语真题理工(A) 词汇题的答案：1.A ： inflexible2.D： become extinct3.B： end4.D： compete5.A ： simple6.C： fundamental7.A: polluted8.C： break9.C： produce10.B ： importance11.C： undamaged12.A ：doubtful13.D ：approved14.B ： spread15.B ： cautious第 2 部分：阅读判断(第 16~22题，每题 1 分，共7 分 )下面的短文后列出了7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A; 如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B; 如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。

2013年职称英语理工A考前押题卷共两套(必出40分)

2013年全国职称英语押题第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1. The local authorities will take measures to deal with noise pollution in the area.A. powerB. controlC. learningD. government2. Hundreds of cyclists assembled in Central Park in Pudong this morning to take part in the event.A. appearedB. walkedC. metD. combined3. In case of emergency, please follow the orders of the ship crew.A. postB. transferC. confirmD. obey4. They ate in the kitchen as they normally did.A. usuallyB. partlyC. highlyD. fully5. He likes swimming, but I like going out for a walk.A. howB. whatC. whileD. why6. There is less come now; it seems that there is a fall in the crime rate.A. descentB. inclineC. declineD. slope7. We were so greatly attracted by the beauty of the West Lake that we decided to visit Hangzhou again the next year.A. fascinatedB. disturbedC. fooledD. surprised8. During the construction of skyscrapers, cranes are used to lift building materials to the upper floors.A. tossB. towC. hoistD. hurlA. entertainC. feastD. worship10. The town is famous for its magnificent church towers.A. ancientB. oldC. modernD. splendid11. There are a limited number of books on this subject in the library.A. largeB. totalC. smallD. similarB. refuseC. rejectD. wait13. Merge the following two short sentences into one new sentence.A. SplitB. CombineC. BreakD. Divide14. Color changes in chameleons seem to be caused by environmental temperature as well as by other external stimulus.A. haveB. appearC. oughtD. used15. Their sole fault was a failure to recognize all the factors involved.A. initialB. maximumC. usualD. only第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。

2013年职称英语考试理工类A级-阅读理解练习题及答案

2013年职称英语考试理工类A级-阅读理解练习题及答案A Phone That Knows You're BusyIt's a modern problem：you're too busy to be disturbed by incessant(连续不断的)phone calls so you turn your cellphone off .But if you don't remember to turn it back on when you're less busy.you could miss some important calls if only the phone knew when it was wise to interrupt you，you wouldn't have to turn it off at all. Instead，it could let calls through when you are not too busyA bunch of behavior sensors(传感器)and a clever piece of software could do just that，by analyzing your behavior to determine if it's a good time to interrupt you.If built into a phone，the system may decide you're too busy and ask the caller to leave a message or ring back later.James Fogarty and Scott Hudson at Camegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania based their system oil tiny microphones，cameras and touch sensors that reveal body language and activity. First they had to study different behaviors to find out which ones stongly predict whether your mind is interruptedThe potential"busyness"signals they focused on included whether the office doors were left open or closed，the time of day，if other people were with the person in question，how close they were to each other, and whether or not the computer was in use.The sensors monitored these and many other factors while four subjects were at work . At random intervals，the subjects rated how interruptible they were on a scale ranging from"highly interruptible''to"highly not-interruptible" . Their ratings were then correlated with the various behaviors . "It is a shotgun(随意的)approach：we used all the indicators we could think of and then let statistics find out which were important，" says HudsonThe model showed that using the keyboard，and talking on a landline or to someone else in the office correlated most strongly with how interruptible the subjects judged themselves to be.Interestingly，the computer was actually better than people at predicting when someone was too busy to be interrupted . The computer got it right 82 per cent of the time，humans 77 per cent. Fogarty speculates that this might be because people doing the interrupting are inevitably biased towards delivering their message，whereas computers don't care.The first application for Hudson and Fogarty's system is likely to be in an instant messaging system，followed by office phones and cellphones."There is no technological roadblock(障碍) to it being deployed in a couple of years，" says Hudson36 A big problem facing people today is thatA they must tolerate phone disturbances or miss important calls.B they must turn off their phones to keep their homes quiet.C they have to switch from a desktop phone to a cellphone.D they are too busy to make phone calls.37 The behavior sensor and software system built in a phoneA could help store messages.B could send messages instantlyC could tell when it is wise to interrupt you.D could identify important phone calls.38 Scientists at Carnegie Menon University tried to find outA why office doors were often 1eft open.B when it was a good time to turn off the computer.C what questions office workers were bothered with.D which behaviors could tell whether a person was busy39 During the experiment，the subjects were askedA to control the sensors and the camera.B to rate the degrees to which they could be interrupted.C to compare their behaviors with others'.D to analyze all the indicators of interruption.40 The computer performed better than people in the study becauseA the computer worked harder.B the computer was not busyC people tended to be biased.D people were not good at statistics.参考答案：36 A 该题问的是：当今人们面临的一个大的问题是什么文章第～句就给出了答案：人们太忙了，不能被连续不断的电话骚扰。