英语201-7-24

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1到100的英语单词序数和基数词

1到100的英语单词序数和基数词1至100序数词第1 first 1st第2 second 2nd第3 third 3rd第4 fourth 4th第5 fifth 5th第6 sixth 6th第7 seventh 7th第8 eighth 8th第9 ninth 9th第10 tenth 10th第11 eleventh 11th第12 twelfth 12th第13 thirteenth 13th第14 fourteenth 14th第15 fifteenth 15th第16 sixteenth 16th第17 seventeenth 17th第18 eighteenth 18th第19 nineteenth 19th第20 twentieth 20th第21 twenty-first 21st 第22 twenty-second 22nd 第23 twenty-third 23rd 第24 twenty-fourth 24th 第25 twenty-fifth 25th 第26 twenty-sixth 26th 第27 twenty-seventh 27th 第28 twenty-eighth 28th 第29 twenty-ninth 29th 第30 thirtieth 30th第31 thirty-first 31st 第32 thirty-second 32nd 第33 thirty-third 33rd 第34 thirty-fourth 34th 第35 thirty-fifth 35th 第36 thirty-sixth 36th第38 thirty-eighth 38th 第39 thirty-ninth 39th 第40 fortieth 40th第41 forty-first 41st 第42 forty-second 42nd 第43 forty-third 43rd 第44 forty-fourth 44th 第45 forty-fifth 45th 第46 forty-sixth 46th 第47 forty-seventh 47th 第48 forty-eighth 48th 第49 forty-ninth 49th 第50 fiftieth 50th第51 fifty-first 51st 第52 fifty-second 52nd 第53 fifty-third 53rd 第54 fifty-fourth 54th 第55 fifty-fifth 55th 第56 fifty-sixth 56th第58 fifty-eighth 58th 第59 fifty-ninth 59th第60 sixtieth 60th第61 sixty-first 61st第62 sixty-second 62nd 第63 sixty-third 63rd第64 sixty-fourth 64th 第65 sixty-fifth 65th第66 sixty-sixth 66th第67 sixty-seventh 67th 第68 sixty-eighth 68th 第69 sixty-ninth 69th第70 seventieth 70th第71 seventy-first 71st 第72 seventy-second 72nd 第73 seventy-third 73rd 第74 seventy-fourth 74th 第75 seventy-fifth 75th 第76 seventy-sixth 76th第78 seventy-eighth 78th 第79 seventy-ninth 79th 第80 eightieth 80th第81 eighty-first 81st 第82 eighty-second 82nd 第83 eighty-third 83rd 第84 eighty-fourth 84th 第85 eighty-fifth 85th 第86 eighty-sixth 86th 第87 eighty-seventh 87th 第88 eighty-eighth 88th 第89 eighty-ninth 89th 第90 ninetieth 90th第91 ninety-first 91st 第92 ninety-second 92nd 第93 ninety-third 93rd 第94 ninety-fourth 94th 第95 ninety-fifth 95th 第96 ninety-sixth 96th第98 ninety-eighth 98th 第99 ninety-ninth 99th第100 one hundredth 100th 基数词1 one2 two3 three4 four5 five6 six7 seven8 eight9 nine10 ten11 eleven12 twelve13 thirteen14 fourteen15 fifteen16 sixteen17 seventeen18 eighteen19 nineteen20 twenty21 twenty-one22 twenty-two23 twenty-three24 twenty-four25 twenty-five26 twenty-six27 twenty-seven28 twenty-eight29 twenty-nine30 thirty31 thirty-one32 thirty-two33 thirty-three34 thirty-four35 thirty-five37 thirty-seven38 thirty-eight39 thirty-nine40 forty41 forty-one42 forty-two43 forty-three44 forty-four45 forty-five46 forty-six47 forty-seven48 forty-eight49 forty-nine50 fifty51 fifty-one52 fifty-two53 fifty-three54 fifty-four55 fifty-five57 fifty-seven58 fifty-eight59 fifty-nine60 sixty61 sixty-one62 sixty-two63 sixty-three64 sixty-four65 sixty-five66 sixty-six67 sixty-seven68 sixty-eight69 sixty-nine70 seventy71 seventy-one72 seventy-two73 seventy-three74 seventy-four75 seventy-five76 seventy-six77 seventy-seven78 seventy-eight79 seventy-nine80 eighty81 eighty-one82 eighty-two83 eighty-three84 eighty-four85 eighty-five86 eighty-six87 eighty-seven88 eighty-eight89 eighty-nine90 ninety91 ninety-one92 ninety-two93 ninety-three94 ninety-four95 ninety-five96 ninety-six97 ninety-seven98 ninety-eight99 ninety-nine100 one hundred英语上数词分为两大类：基数词和序数词。

人教版(2024)英语七年级上册单词表

31
count
[kaʊnt]
v.数数
32
another
[ə'nʌðə(r)]
adj. & pron.另一；又一(人或事物)
33
else
[els]
adv.其他的；别的
34
look at
看；瞧
35
make friends
交朋友
36
get to know
认识；了解
37
each
[iːtʃ]
adj. & pron.每个；各自
66
hobby
['hɒbi]
n.业余爱好
67
Green
[ɡriːn]
格林
68
UK
[ˌjuː'keɪ]
英国
69
US
[ˌjuː'es]
美国
70
Smith
[smɪθ]
史密斯
71
Lisa
[ˈliːsə]
莉萨
72
Tom
[tɒm]
汤姆
73
hot pot
火锅
74
Sally
['sæli]
萨莉
75
Wood
[wʊd]
伍德
n.场地；田地
134
sports field
运动场
135
gym
[dʒɪm]
n. (=gymnasium)体育馆；健身房；(尤指
136
office
['ɒfɪs]
n.办公室
137
large
[lɑːdʒ]
adj.大的；大号的
138
special

2024年考研201英语一考试大纲原文

2024年考研201英语一考试大纲原文全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1The 2024 Test for Getting Into Grad School English Exam - What You Gotta Know!Hey kids! Are you thinking about going to grad school after college? If so, you'll probably have to take a big English test called the National Graduate Entrance Exam. It's a super important test that lets the schools know if your English skills are good enough for their program.Now I know what you're thinking - "Oh no, not another test!" Tests can be really boring and stressful. But don't worry, this one is actually kind of fun if you like reading, writing, and learning new words and stuff. Let me tell you all about it!The English Test Has Four SectionsOkay, so the test has four main sections - Reading Comprehension, Listening Comprehension, Translation, and Writing. Each one tests a different English skill that's important for grad school.Reading ComprehensionThis part is all about reading different passages and showing you understand the main ideas and details. The passages can be about all kinds of topics like science, culture, politics, or anything else. They'll ask you questions to see if you really paid attention and "comprehended" (that's a fancy word for understood) what you read.There will be around 5-7 passages and each one will have4-7 questions about it. So you'll need to read pretty carefully! Don't worry though, the passages are interesting and you can take your time.Listening ComprehensionFor this section, you'll listen to recordings of lectures, conversations, and other audio materials. Just like reading, you need to comprehend the main ideas and details of what you hear. It's testing if your listening skills in English are strong enough.There will probably be around 3-4 recordings with around 15 questions total about them. Make sure to listen super carefully because you only get to hear each recording once!TranslationThis part tests if you can accurately translate written English into Chinese and Chinese into English. You'll get short passages in both languages that you need to translate.For the English to Chinese part, you need to make sure your Chinese translation keeps the original meaning and flows naturally. For the Chinese to English, it's important your English stays true to the Chinese and is easy for English speakers to understand.There will likely be 2-3 translation passages for each direction. Translating is tough, but if you practice it's not too bad!WritingFinally, there is a writing section where you have to write a short essay of around 400-500 words. They'll give you a topic related to something you might study in grad school. The essay tests your ability to organize ideas, use propergrammar/vocabulary, and develop a clear argument.You'll get 60 minutes for this part, so make sure to plan out your essay before just diving in! The graders will look at your overall writing quality, not just your grammar.Other Important Test StuffOkay, now that you know the four sections, here are some other key things about the test:Total Time: Around 3 hoursTotal Score: The entire test is graded on a scale of 100-130 pointsEach Section Score: Reading and Listening are worth 25 points each, Translation is 30 points, Writing is 20 pointsWhen/Where: The test happens twice per year (December and April) at universities across the country. Your school will tell you the details!So there you have it - the entire National Grad Entrance Exam for English laid out simply! I know it seems like a big scary test, but if you study hard you'll do great. Just think of it as a fun reading/writing challenge!The most important things are: read a lot to build comprehension skills, practice your English listening, work on your translation abilities, and get comfortable with academic writing. If you can master those four areas, this test will be a piece of cake!Just keep a positive attitude, study the right way, and you'll be ready to ace the English exam. Then it's off to your dreamgrad school program! Let me know if you have any other questions. Now get studying, and happy testing!篇22024 Test for Getting into Grad School English Exam - The Real Deal!Hey there! Jimmy here, just a regular 4th grader trying to explain the super important English test that older kids have to take to get into grad school next year. I'll do my best, but no promises I'll get everything right!So this test is called the English Test for the 2024 National Postgraduate Entrance Exam. That's a really long name, so let's just call it the 2024 Grad School English Test. It's a big deal for kids who want to continue studying after college.The test has two main parts - English Knowledge and English Application. The Knowledge part tests you on English grammar, vocabulary, and reading comprehension. The Application part checks if you can actually use English well for tasks like writing, translation, and listening. Basically, it makes sure you don't just memorize stuff but can really use the language.English KnowledgeThis section is all about the building blocks of English. There are grammar questions testing your skills with verbs, nouns, articles, and other nitty-gritty grammar rules. You've got to be able to identify errors and explain why something is right or wrong grammatically. No pressure or anything!Then there are vocabulary questions. You need to know definitions of lots of advanced English words, especially academic ones. Can you tell the difference between "equivocal" and "unequivocal"? Me neither, but grad students better know!The reading comprehension is probably the hardest Knowledge part. You read long, complex passages on topics like science, history, and culture. Then you answer questions testing howwell you understood the main ideas, details, logic, and implied meanings. I can barely comprehend the directions for thoseplain English tests, so this sounds rough!English ApplicationIf you managed to survive the Knowledge part, congrats! You've earned the privilege of trying to actually use English for practical stuff. Whee!There's a writing section where you have to write a long essay responding to a prompt or opinion piece. You're gradedon your mastery of vocabulary, grammar, organization, logic, and how well you support your argument. No "I like ice cream because it's yummy" essays allowed!Then there are translation tasks going between English and Chinese. You'll translate letters, essays, reports, and other documents in both directions. One tiny mistranslation and your whole grad school future could be doomed!Finally, the listening comprehension evaluates how well you understand fast-paced English audio clips on academic topics. The clips could be lectures, debates, interviews, you name it. You answer comprehension questions just like for reading, but using just your ears! Sounds impossible to me.So there you have it, the 2024 Grad School English Test in a nutshell. It's an endurance trial designed to push even the brainiest students to their limits. If that doesn't prepare you for the real challenges of grad school, I don't know what will!I admire anyone willing to put themselves through that just for the chance at more schooling. You'd have to be as obsessed with academics as my teacher is with making us do homework. No thanks, I'll take a hard pass on those kinds of tests!Anyway, that's my amateur's overview of this huge exam that could decide so many older students' futures. I gotta go make sure my English homework actually makes sense before turning it in. But you potential grad students - learn from little ol' me and study hard! The 2024 English Test sounds like no walk in the park. Best of luck to you all!篇3The 2024 English Test for the Big Kid ExamHi everyone! My name is Lily and I'm 8 years old. I love reading, writing, and learning new things. Today I want to tell you all about the 2024 English test that older kids have to take to get into college after high school. It's called the National Postgraduate Entrance Examination English Test. That's a really long name, so I'll just call it the Big Kid English Exam!The Big Kid English Exam is super important. It tests how well kids understand and can use the English language. Kids have to get a good score to get into their dream colleges and study what they want to study. No pressure, right?OK, let me break down what's on this big test. The first part is all about listening. The kids will hear conversations, lectures, and other audio recordings in English. Then they have to answermultiple choice questions about what they heard. Was the lady at the store happy or grumpy? What was the main idea of the lecture? Stuff like that.Next up is reading comprehension. The test will have passages about all different topics like science, culture, news events, and more. The kids have to read carefully and answer questions showing they understood the main ideas and details. I bet those reading passages are super long and boring for a kid my age!Then there's a section on translation. English to Chinese and Chinese to English. The kids have to translate sentences and short paragraphs accurately between the two languages. My parents are always saying how important it is to be bilingual these days. I totally agree!Another big part is writing. The kids have to write an essay of 300-400 words on a given topic. They have to state a clear perspective and support it with reasons and examples. No "I don't feel like it today" excuses allowed!The last section covers knowledge of vocabulary and grammar usage for English. There will be multiple choice andfill-in-the-blank questions testing if kids really know their stuff.Things like parts of speech, verb tenses, sentence structures. Yikes, sounds complicated!Phew, that's a lot of English testing! I'm honestly so glad I don't have to take that exam for many more years. Can you imagine how nervous those big kids must feel?To prepare, I've heard the students have to study English grammar books, read lots of articles, listen to English audio, and practice writing essays. Basically become like a little English expert! Their parents and teachers must push them so hard.Well, I hope I explained the Big Kid English Exam OK. Let me know if you have any other questions! I'll leave you with one of my favorite Chinese-to-English translations: "One flower does not make a spring." In other words, one test doesn't define you! The kids taking this exam are so smart and capable. I just know they'll do great.Good luck, big kids! Let me know how it goes. And remember - you can still play outside and have fun sometimes too, OK? Don't work too hard!篇4The 2024 English Test for Getting into University After UniversityHiya, friends! Today, I'm going to tell you all about the mega important English test that grown-ups have to take if they want to go to an even bigger school after they finish their first big school. It's called the 2024 National Entrance Examination for Postgraduate Studies English Test. That's a really long name, isn't it? Let's just call it the Big English Test!The Big English Test is super duper important for grown-ups who want to become even smarter and learn more about their favorite subjects. It tests how well they can read, write, and understand English, which is one of the most widely spoken languages in the whole world!Now, let me break down what's on this Big English Test. First up, there's the Reading Comprehension part. This section has a bunch of different passages or stories written in English. After reading each one, the grown-ups have to answer questions about what they just read. It's like a fun little quiz to see if they really understood the story!Next, there's the Vocabulary and Structure section. This part tests how many English words the grown-ups know and if they can use them correctly in sentences. It's kind of like a big wordgame, but instead of just guessing, they have to really understand the meanings and rules of the language.Then, there's the Writing section. In this part, the grown-ups have to write a whole essay or story in English! They have to make sure they use proper grammar, vocabulary, and organization to get their point across clearly. It's like they're becoming little authors or journalists!But wait, there's more! The Big English Test also has a Translation section. Here, the grown-ups have to translate passages from English into their own language, or vice versa. It's like they're becoming language superheroes, able to switch between different tongues with ease!Lastly, there's the Listening Comprehension section. In this part, the grown-ups listen to recordings or conversations in English and have to answer questions about what they heard. It's like a fun game of "Telephone," but instead of passing a message along, they have to really pay attention and understand every word.Phew, that's a lot of stuff to cover in one test, isn't it? But don't worry, the grown-ups have been studying and practicing really hard for this Big English Test. They know how important itis for their future and their dreams of becoming even smarter and more knowledgeable.So, if you ever see a grown-up looking stressed or carrying around a big English book, now you know why! They're getting ready for the 2024 Big English Test and working their butts off to make sure they ace it.Wish them luck, friends! And who knows, maybe one day you'll be the one taking the Big English Test and following in their footsteps towards an even brighter future. But for now, just focus on having fun, learning new things, and being the awesome kid that you are!篇5The 2024 Test for Getting Into Grad School English PartHi there! My name is Lily and I'm 8 years old. My big sister is going to take a really important test soon called the 2024 National Postgraduate Entrance Examination English Test. It's a huge deal and she has been studying like crazy! I helped her learn about the test by reading through the official syllabus. It was pretty long and had some big words, but I'll do my best to explain it in a way that makes sense to a kid like me.The English test is just one part of the bigger exam that grad school applicants have to take. But it's a very important part! The whole test is taken on computers now instead of using pencils and paper. The English section has four parts: Listening Comprehension, Reading Comprehension, Translation, and Writing. Let me tell you about each one.Listening ComprehensionIn this part, you listen to recordings of people talking and then have to answer multiple choice questions about what they said. The recordings could be lectures, news reports, conversations, or other types of audio. You have to listen super carefully because the questions are all about the details and main ideas in the recordings. There are around 25 questions in this section.My sister has been practicing by listening to podcasts and recording herself to get used to understanding different accents and speech speeds. She says the listening questions can be really tricky sometimes! You have to concentrate so hard.Reading ComprehensionFor this part, you read passages from books, newspapers, magazines and websites. Then you answer multiple choicequestions testing if you understood the main points, details, vocabulary and other reading skills. The reading passages cover all kinds of topics like science, culture, politics and more. There are around 25 reading questions too.My sister has stacks of reading materials all over her room. She has been reading everything from academic journals to children's books to get her reading speed up. I like to quiz her on the stories I read to check her comprehension skills! Sometimes the reading questions seem way too hard even for grownups.TranslationThis section is all about translating passages between English and Chinese. You have to translate a passage from English into Chinese, and also translate a different passage from Chinese into English. The passages are usually around 300 words each about general topics.My sister has a huge English-Chinese dictionary that she uses to look up words she doesn't know. She says the tricky part is making sure the translation sounds natural in the other language, not just translating word-for-word. She practices by having me read passages to her and then she translates them out loud. I get to judge if her translations make sense!WritingThe writing section is where you have to write a short essay of around 400 words. You get an opinion question and have to state your views and provide examples and explanations to support your position. The essay has to be well-organized with clear arguments.This is probably the hardest part for my sister. She has been doing timed writing practice using former test questions. Then she has her friends and our mom read her essays and give feedback. Her biggest challenges are coming up with enough supporting points and examples while also watching her grammar and vocabulary. I can't wait until I'm older so I can write amazing essays too!Well, that's my kid-friendly explanation of what's on the 2024 English grad test that my sister is preparing for. It sure seems crazy difficult with all those different sections and question types! My sister has been working herself to the bone getting ready. I really admire how dedicated and hardworking she is.I'm going to keep helping her practice however I can. I'll listen to recordings with her, quiz her on reading passages, and do my best to judge if her translations and essays make sense.Grad school is her big dream, so acing this test is super important. With all her preparation, I just know my awesome sister is going to pass with flying colors! Then I'll be able to brag to all my friends about how my sibling is in grad school. Go sis, go!篇6The 2024 English Test for Getting into Graduate SchoolHey guys! My name is Lily and I'm a 4th grader. My older brother is taking the big English test to try to get into graduate school next year. I asked him to tell me all about it so I could explain it to you in a way that even kids like us can understand. Here's what he told me:The English test for getting into grad school in China is super important. It's called the English test for the Admission to Graduate Schools or just the "Grad English Exam" for short. All the big universities require you to take this exam and get a good score if you want to go to their graduate programs.My brother says the exam has two main parts - listening and reading comprehension. For the listening part, you put on headphones and have to listen really carefully to recordings of people talking in English. Then you answer multiple choicequestions about what you heard. The readings are really long passages about all kinds of different topics like science, history, culture and more. After reading each passage, you have to answer questions testing if you understood the main ideas and important details.The entire exam is 2 hours long which seems like forever to a kid like me! My brother has been studying and practicing for months to get ready. He has to know a huge number of English vocabulary words and be an expert at understanding spoken and written English at a really high level.My brother let me look through some of the practice materials he has been using to get ready. The readings look so complicated with all these big words I've never seen before! And the recordings have people speaking English with all kinds of different accents which makes it extra hard to understand sometimes. No wonder my brother has been stressing out so much!One thing that seems really difficult is that you're not allowed to use a dictionary or any other reference materials during the test. You have to know all the vocabulary words and their meanings already just from your brain. My brother made me these crazy flashcard stacks that must have thousands ofvocabulary words on them that he has been drilling himself on nonstop.Another tricky part is that the questions aren't just simple facts, but test whether you can analyze the readings, make inferences, understand the author's attitude, and recognize things like the organizational structure and rhetorical techniques being used. Apparently, you really have to "read between the lines" and not just understand the literal meaning. No wonder my brother always looks so tired from studying!I think the hardest section might be the listening comprehension since you only get to hear each recording one time through. You have to concentrate so hard and quickly write down notes to help you remember the key points that will be asked about. My brother showed me some practice exams where the questions ask things like the speaker's purpose, attitude, and if they are being figurative, hypothetical or literal in how they spoke. It's not just about understanding the basic content but analyzing the deeper meaning based on tone, context and implications. No wonder my brother's ears are always ringing after his practice tests!The scoring for the exam is supposedly curved in a really weird way too based on how well everyone did that year. Soyou're not just aiming for a fixed number, but have to outperform a huge percentage of the other test takers nationally。

2025年研究生考试考研英语(一201)试卷与参考答案

2025年研究生考试考研英语(一201)模拟试卷与参考答案一、完型填空（10分）Section ARead the following passage and fill in each blank with ONE word that best fits the context. Each blank has four choices marked A), B), C), and D). You should read the passage through carefully before making your choices.In the past, a typical student at a university in the United States was a white, middle-class male, usually between the ages of 18 and 22. He entered college directly from high school, majored in a technical subject, and had a clear idea of what he wanted to do after graduation. Now, the typical student is different. Today’s university students are diverse in terms of race, gender, age, and background. They come from all walks of life and bring with them a variety of experiences and perspectives.The diversity of today’s university students is a reflection of the changing society in which they live. The population of the United States is increasingly multicultural, and universities are responding to this trend by becoming more inclusive. This shift in demographics has had a significant impact on the curriculum and the teaching methods used in universities.1.The passage begins by describing the_of a typical student in the past.A) ageB) backgroundC) genderD) major2.The word “he” in the second sentence refers to the _.A) universityB) studentC) teacherD) high school3.According to the passage, today’s university students are _.A) mostly whiteB) of similar ageC) diverseD) all male4.The phrase “all walks of life” in the second paragraph means _.A) different levels of societyB) various interestsC) different jobsD) various backgrounds5.The passage suggests that universities are_in response to the multicultural society.A) becoming exclusiveB) segregating studentsC) adaptingD) resisting change6.The author implies that the curriculum at universities has_due to the demographic changes.A) become more technicalB) become more diverseC) remained the sameD) become more restrictive7.The teaching methods used in universities have_to accommodate the diverse student population.A) changedB) remained unchangedC) become more rigidD) been abandoned8.The passage indicates that the population of the United States is _.A) becoming more homogeneousB) decreasing in sizeC) increasingly multiculturalD) declining9.The author uses the word “trend” to describe the _.A) increasing number of studentsB) growing diversity in societyC) decline of traditional universitiesD) changing demographics10.The author suggests that the shift in demographics has_on universities.A) had no impactB) caused problemsC) had a significant impactD) been unnoticed11.The word “inclusive” in the third paragraph can be best replaced by _.A) exclusiveB) diverseC) variedD) broad12.The author mentions that the diversity of students has led to _.A) a more homogeneous curriculumB) a more diverse curriculumC) a more restrictive curriculumD) a more exclusive curriculum13.The author implies that the teaching methods used in universities are _.A) being updatedB) becoming outdatedC) becoming more standardizedD) becoming more traditional14.The passage indicates that the population of the United States is _.A) becoming more homogeneousB) decreasing in sizeC) increasingly multiculturalD) declining15.The author suggests that the shift in demographics has_on universities.A) had no impactB) caused problemsC) had a significant impactD) been unnoticed16.The author uses the word “trend” to describe the _.A) increasing number of studentsB) growing diversity in societyC) decline of traditional universitiesD) changing demographics17.The passage indicates that the population of the United States is _.A) becoming more homogeneousB) decreasing in sizeC) increasingly multiculturalD) declining18.The author suggests that the shift in demographics has_on universities.A) had no impactB) caused problemsC) had a significant impactD) been unnoticed19.The author uses the word “trend” to describe the _.A) increasing number of studentsB) growing diversity in societyC) decline of traditional universitiesD) changing demographics20.The author implies that the teaching methods used in universities are _.A) being updatedB) becoming outdatedC) becoming more standardizedD) becoming more traditionalAnswers:1.B) background2.B) student3.C) diverse4.D) various backgrounds5.C) adapting6.B) become more diverse7.A) changed8.C) increasingly multicultural9.B) growing diversity in society10.C) had a significant impact11.B) diverse12.B) a more diverse curriculum13.A) being updated14.C) increasingly multicultural15.C) had a significant impact16.B) growing diversity in society17.C) increasingly multicultural18.C) had a significant impact19.B) growing diversity in society20.A) being updated二、传统阅读理解（本部分有4大题，每大题10分，共40分）第一题Passage:The digital age has brought about significant changes in the way we communicate, work, and live. With the advent of the internet, social media, andvarious digital devices, our lives have become more connected than ever before. However, this digital revolution has also raised concerns about the impact it has on our mental health. One of the most prevalent issues is the rise in social isolation and loneliness, particularly among young adults.A recent study conducted by the National Institute of Mental Health found that young adults are more likely to experience symptoms of depression and anxiety compared to previous generations. The study attributes this to the excessive use of digital devices and social media, which can lead to a lack of face-to-face interaction and a decline in social skills. According to the study, young adults who spend more time on social media are more likely to report feelings of loneliness and social isolation.The study also highlights the negative effects of social isolation on mental health. Social isolation has been linked to an increased risk of depression, anxiety, and even cardiovascular disease. Moreover, individuals who feel socially isolated may experience a decline in their overall well-being and quality of life.To address these concerns, experts recommend several strategies to mitigate the negative effects of social isolation in the digital age. Firstly, they emphasize the importance of maintaining a healthy balance between digital and face-to-face interactions. This means reducing the amount of time spent on digital devices and making an effort to engage in real-life social activities. Secondly, experts suggest that individuals should be more mindful of theironline behavior and avoid excessive use of social media, especially during stressful or challenging times. Lastly, building a strong support network of friends, family, and community can help combat feelings of social isolation.The digital age has undoubtedly brought numerous benefits, but it is crucial to be aware of the potential negative effects it can have on our mental health. By adopting healthy habits and being proactive in fostering social connections, we can better navigate this digital landscape and maintain our mentalwell-being.Questions:1、What is the main topic of the passage?A. The benefits of the digital ageB. The negative effects of social isolationC. The role of social media in mental healthD. The importance of maintaining a healthy balance between digital and face-to-face interactions2、According to the passage, what is the primary cause of the rise in social isolation and loneliness among young adults?A. Excessive use of digital devices and social mediaB. The decline in social skillsC. The negative effects of social isolation on mental healthD. A lack of face-to-face interaction3、What are the negative effects of social isolation on mental health,according to the passage?A. Increased risk of depression and anxietyB. A decline in overall well-being and quality of lifeC. Cardiovascular diseaseD. All of the above4、What strategies are recommended by experts to mitigate the negative effects of social isolation in the digital age?A. Reducing the amount of time spent on digital devicesB. Engaging in real-life social activitiesC. Being more mindful of online behaviorD. Building a strong support networkE. All of the above5、What is the main message of the passage?A. The digital age has brought about significant changes in the way we communicate, work, and live.B. Social isolation and loneliness are prevalent issues in the digital age.C. The negative effects of social isolation on mental health are significant.D. By adopting healthy habits and fostering social connections, we can maintain our mental well-being.Answers:1、B2、A3、D4、E5、D第二题Reading PassageThe following passage is followed by some questions. For each question, four answers are given. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question.In the 19th century, the development of the steam engine and the expansion of the railway network revolutionized transportation and industry. The steam engine, invented by James Watt in the late 18th century, provided a powerful source of energy that could be harnessed to drive machinery and power locomotives. This innovation led to the Industrial Revolution, which transformed societies and economies across the world.The steam engine was a remarkable piece of engineering, as it converted heat energy into mechanical work. The engine worked by using steam pressure to move a piston, which in turn drove the machinery. The invention of the steam engine had a profound impact on various sectors of society, including agriculture, mining, and manufacturing.1.What was the primary innovation of James Watt in the late 18th century?A. The steam engineB. The railway networkC. The steam turbineD. The internal combustion engine2.What was the main purpose of the steam engine?A. To generate electricityB. To power locomotivesC. To heat homesD. To produce steam3.How did the steam engine work?A. By using wind pressure to move a turbineB. By using steam pressure to move a pistonC. By using hydraulic pressure to move a pumpD. By using nuclear energy to create steam4.What was the most significant impact of the steam engine on society?A. It improved agricultural productivityB. It led to the development of new forms of transportationC. It increased the availability of clean waterD. It reduced the need for manual labor5.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a sector of society affected by the steam engine?A. AgricultureB. EducationC. MiningD. ManufacturingAnswers:1.A. The steam engine2.B. To power locomotives3.B. By using steam pressure to move a piston4.B. It led to the development of new forms of transportation5.B. EducationThird Question: Traditional Reading ComprehensionReading Passage:In the heart of the Amazon rainforest, scientists have discovered a previously unknown species of frog, which they have named “Callimico mexicanus.” This frog, with its iridescent green skin and distinctive call, has been a mystery to biologists for decades. The discovery of this species has sparkeda new wave of research into the biodiversity of the Amazon and the potential impact of climate change on its delicate ecosystem.The Amazon rainforest is one of the most complex and diverse ecosystems on Earth, home to thousands of plant and animal species. However, human activities, such as deforestation and pollution, have put immense pressure on this vital ecosystem. The new species of frog, with its unique characteristics, could provide valuable insights into the health of the Amazon’s biodiversity.1.The main purpose of this passage is to:a) Describe the discovery of a new species of frog.b) Discuss the impact of climate change on the Amazon rainforest.c) Analyze the biodiversity of the Amazon rainforest.d) Explain the role of humans in the conservation of the Amazon rainforest.2.The word “iridescent” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to:a) Transparentb) Varying in colorc) Hardd) Smaller3.The author mentions “thousands of plant and animal species” to:a) Emphasize the diversity of the Amazon rainforest.b) Highlight the new species of frog.c) Criticize the impact of human activities on the Amazon.d) Compare the Amazon rainforest to other ecosystems.4.It can be inferred from the passage that:a) The new species of frog is the most diverse species in the Amazon.b) The discovery of the new species has led to a significant reduction in deforestation.c) Scientists are studying the new species to understand the effects of climate change.d) The Amazon rainforest is not as important as other ecosystems.5.The author’s tone throughout the passage can be described as:a) Skepticalb) Excitedc) Boredd) IndifferentAnswers:1.b2.b3.a4.c5.b第四题Reading PassageIn the world of science, the greatest discoveries often come from unexpected sources. The case of the discovery of penicillin is no exception. This remarkable story begins with a curious incident involving a moldy bread and the observations of a young Scottish scientist named Alexander Fleming.One day, Alexander Fleming returned to his laboratory after a holiday, only to find that one of his cultures had become contaminated with a strange mold. Rather than discarding the culture, he decided to examine it further. He noticed that the mold was killing the bacteria in the culture. Intrigued, Fleming began to study the mold and its properties. He discovered that it produced a substance that had antibacterial properties. This substance, which he named penicillin, was the first antibiotic and would revolutionize the treatment of bacterial infections.1、What is the main topic of the reading passage?A、The discovery of penicillinB、The importance of scientific observationC、The history of antibioticsD、The life of Alexander Fleming2、Why did Alexander Fleming decide to examine the moldy bread culture?A、He wanted to discard it.B、He was interested in the mold’s antibacterial properties.C、He was on a holiday.D、He didn’t care about the contamination.3、What did Alexander Fleming discover about the mold?A、It was killing the bacteria in the culture.B、It was a common type of mold.C、It was the cause of the contamination.D、It was beneficial for bacterial growth.4、What is the significance of the discovery of penicillin?A、It showed that mold can kill bacteria.B、It helped to improve the quality of bread.C、It led to the development of new antibiotics.D、It helped to prevent contamination in laboratories.5、What is the name of the substance that Fleming named after discovering its antibacterial properties?A、MoldB、BacteriaC、PenicillinD、Antibiotic答案：1、A2、B3、A4、D5、C三、阅读理解新题型（10分）PassageThe rise of the Internet has dramatically transformed the way people communicate and access information. One of the most significant changes brought about by the Internet is the emergence of online social networks. These networks allow individuals to connect with others, share information, and collaborate on various projects. However, this transformation has also raised concerns about the impact on face-to-face interactions and the potential risks associated with online communication.Online social networks offer numerous benefits. They provide a platform for people to maintain and strengthen existing relationships, as well as toestablish new connections with like-minded individuals. Moreover, these networks enable users to access a wealth of information, resources, and opportunities. For instance, students can join online study groups, professionals can network with peers in their field, and job seekers can find employment opportunities.Despite these benefits, there are potential drawbacks to online social networks. One major concern is the decline in face-to-face interactions. As people become more reliant on digital communication, they may find themselves less inclined to engage in face-to-face conversations, which can hinder the development of interpersonal skills. Additionally, online social networks can expose individuals to various risks, such as cyberbullying, privacy breaches, and identity theft.Online social networks also have the potential to impact mental health. Excessive use of these networks can lead to social isolation, anxiety, and depression. The constant comparison with others’ seemingly perfect lives on social media can lead to feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem. Furthermore, the rapid spread of false information and misinformation on these platforms can contribute to confusion, polarization, and even violence in society.In order to mitigate the potential negative impacts of online social networks, it is essential to strike a balance between digital and face-to-face interactions. Individuals should be encouraged to maintain and nurture their relationships both online and offline. Additionally, efforts should be made toeducate users about the risks associated with online communication and to promote responsible use of social media platforms.Questions:1.What is the main topic of the passage?A. The benefits of online social networksB. The risks associated with online social networksC. The impact of online social networks on mental healthD. The balance between digital and face-to-face interactions2.According to the passage, which of the following is a potential benefit of online social networks?A. Decrease in face-to-face interactionsB. Improved access to information and resourcesC. Increased risk of cyberbullyingD. Decline in mental health3.What is one concern raised by the passage regarding the decline in face-to-face interactions?A. The loss of interpersonal skillsB. The reduction in access to informationC. The increase in social isolationD. The enhancement of privacy4.How can individuals mitigate the potential negative impacts of online social networks?A. By reducing their usage of social media platformsB. By maintaining and nurturing their relationships both online and offlineC. By avoiding online communication altogetherD. By seeking professional help for mental health issues5.What is the author’s main suggestion to address the risks associated with online social networks?A. To ban the use of social media platformsB. To promote responsible use of social mediaC. To encourage face-to-face interactions onlyD. To limit access to social media for young peopleAnswers:1.B2.B3.A4.B5.B四、翻译（本大题有5小题，每小题2分，共10分）第一题中文：“随着互联网的普及，网络信息已经成为人们获取知识、学习新技能的重要途径。

大学英语三级A级-201_真题-无答案

大学英语三级A级-201(总分77,考试时间90分钟)Part Ⅰ Listening ComprehensionSection A【点此下载音频文件】1.A. Eat less.B. Do more exercise.C. Eat less and do more exercise.D. Change himself and be healthier.2.A. In an office.B. In a shop.C. In a restaurant.D. In a hospital.3.A. Alison fell in love with Jim.B. Jim fell in love with Alison.C. Jim wasted a lost of time.D. Jim wasted a lot of energy.4.A. Employer and employee.B. Teacher and student.C. Seller and customer.D. Interviewer and interviewee.5.A. Go shopping.B. Stay at home.C. Watch TV.D. Go to bed.Section B【点此下载音频文件】1.A. Birthday of the man"s mother.B. Mother"s Day.C. Mother"s Day and the birthday of the man"s mother.D. Mother"s Day and the lady"s birthday.2.A. $15.B. $12.C. $21.D. $9.3.A. Sugar.B. Both Ａand Ｃ.C. Vitamin Ｃ.D. Salt.【点此下载音频文件】4.A. This Friday.B. This weekend.C. September 5th.D. September 15th.5.A. A return ticket.B. A joint ticket.C. A single ticket.D. A world ticket.Section C【点此下载音频文件】1. What does your doctor usually advise you to do when you"re quite sick? To ______.2. What does the speaker think of following a doctor"s advice? Following a doctor"s advice is not always ______.3. What will keep a sick man working when he should have gone to bed? The stress of his ______.4. What will happen to the person who doesn"t take medicine properly? The medicine will do the person ______.5. how should a person rest during an illness?He should rest both his body and ______.Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension1**panies sometimes receiving hundreds of applications for a single job, it is becoming **mon for hiring managers to conduct initial screening interviews over the phone. This saves them considerable time and money—especially if a candidate lives out of town.Don"t take these interviews lightly. "It is important to prepare for a telephone interview just as you would for a regular interview," said Alison Doyle, a job search specialist.The employer will normally call or e-mail you in advance to set up an interview time. If possible, arrange for the interview to be over a landline phone, as it tends to be more reliable than a cell phone. Make sure that children, pets and other sources of interruption will be out of the room. Keep a glass of water nearby.Phone interviews can often last a half-hour to an hour, Ms. Doyle said; be sure to have your resume in front of you, along with a list of your accomplishments. Long pauses or halting responses caused by a lack of preparation could keep you from making it to the next stage. Do your best to be personable, but don"toverdoit by, say, trying to tell a joke.One advantage of a phone interview is that you don"t need to worry about what to wear (although dressing up might make you feel more confident). But **panies have started to conduct video interviews.1. According to the passage, initial screening interview is usually conducted in order to ______.A. hire managersB. apply for a single jobC. save time and moneyD. search for a good job2. Which of the following is suggested for taking a screening interview over a phone?A. Take it easy when being interviewed.B. Get well prepared for it as you do for a regular one.C. Dress up before the interview to feel more confident.D. Take the interview through your cell phone.3. What could be the result if the interviewee can"t answer the questions fluently during ______ the interview?A. He could get a list of accomplishments.B. He could lose the chance to go further.C. He could be asked to go on the stage.D. He could be required to send his resume to the interviewer.4. What does the underlined expression overdo it in the 4th paragraph most probably mean?A. Do it again and again.B. Review it over and over.C. Go over the interview.D. Be too personal.5. The passage is mainly about ______.A. why screening interviews are popular nowB. when screening interviews are often preferredC. who should take screening telephone interviewsD. how candidates should prepare and take screening interviews2Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience? Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a person"s intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random (随机地) from the population, it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we take two identical twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.1. The writer is in favor of the view that man"s intelligence is given to him ______.A. at birthB. through educationC. both at birth and through educationD. by his experience2. If a child is born with low intelligence, he can ______.A. never become a genius without proper trainingB. still become a genius if given special educationC. become more intelligent if trained in rich surroundingsD. never get more intelligent all his life3. Which pair of the following people, according to the author, is most likely to have similar degree of intelligence?A. Two children of the same parents.B. Husband and wife.C. Two close friends in the same neighborhood.D. Two room-mates in the school dormitory.4. The example of the twins going to university and to a factory separately shows ______.A. the important role of their intelligenceB. the role environment plays in intelligence developmentC. the importance of their social positionsD. the part that birth plays in intelligence development5. The best title of this passage might be ______.A. Who are More IntelligentB. Education and EnvironmentC. Dependence on EnvironmentD. What Determines Intelligence3When you are writing business letters, you need to notice the following tips:Limit Them to One PageBy definition, business letters should be short and to the point, preferably one page in length. Studies have found that busy business people do not like to read beyond the first page, and will actually delay reading longer letters.Keep Them Formal and FactualGenerally speaking, the tone and content of business letters should be formal and factual. Feelings and emotion do not have a place in business letters.Carefully Plan Your LetterBefore writing the letter, take a few minutes to list all of the specific points you need to cover. Remember, the purpose of the letter is to tie up all of the details on the subject at hand, so that more letters won"t have to be written back and forth.Be Customer FriendlyWhen writing directly to customers, always focus on their needs and wishes. Think in their way and imagine what it would be like receiving your letter.Use Non-discriminatory LanguageMake sure that you avoid language that is specific to gender, race or religion in all business letters, either to other businesses or to customers. For example, use "workforce" instead of "manpower", or "chairperson" rather than "chairman".Tips for Writing a Business LetterLength: 1) Be 1 and to the point2) One page is preferredContents: 1) Be 2 and factual2) 3 the points before writingPurpose: To 4 all of the detailsRequirements: 1) Always focus on customers" needs and wishes2) Think in customers" wayLanguage: Avoid language that is specific to 51.2.3.4.5.4A—Business Management B—Marketing ManagementC—International Business Law D—Management Information SystemsE—Financial Management F—The World Environment and InternationalBusinessG—Managerial Economics and Decision Models H—Operations ManagementI—Human Resources Management J—Managerial AccountingK—Economics Law L—Currency Banking ScienceM—Practical International Trade N—Equipment ManagementO—Western Economics P—Management and Labor1. ______企业管理______管理信息系统2. ______管理会计______营销管理3. ______世界环境与跨国企业______人力资源管理4. ______国际商法______管理经济学与决策模式5. ______财务管理______设备管理5Dear sir or Madam,On 20 June this year I sent you an order for 300 copies of college English textbooks "Experiencing English", stressing the importance of delivery by 1 September, the date of which the new semester was due to begin.Though your acknowledgement of the order has been duly received, the books have not arrived. Now the new term has begun and there is still no sign of the books. I hope you understand that failure to receive them on time is causing us inconvenience and I shall be glad if you will look into the matter as one of urgency and let me know when the books can be expected.Look forward to your early reply.Yours sincerely,Wang XiaomingDean of the Foreign Language Department1. What is the purpose of the dean in writing this letter?To complain the delay of ______ of the books.2. What should be the final arrival date of the books?______.3. What books have been ordered?______.4. What is the consequence of the delay?This curriculum can"t be started ______.5. In what way should the matter be dealt with according to the writer?In ______.Part Ⅲ Translation1. When exporting goods，it is essential to arrange insurance cover in case the goods are lost or damaged in transit．A. 为了促进货物出口，减少货物的丢失或者损坏，必须发展保险业。

(完整版)201考研英语一

《201考研英语一》远程高端课程体系《201考研英语一》教学大纲（324小时，486课时，周六及节假日上课）（01）哲学[所有一级学科] 《科目一：101考研政治》教学大纲（333课时周六日及节假日上课）《科目二：201考研英语一》教学大纲（486课时周六日及节假日上课）《科目三：6XX或7XX》《科目四：8XX或9XX》教学大纲（72课时，平时下午上课）02经济学【所有一级学科】《科目一：101考研政治》教学大纲303 考研数学三》教学大纲《科目三：备注：理学0714统计学和经济学0270统计学科目一、二、三考试科目相同（03）法学【所有一级学科】《科目一：101考研政治》教学大纲《科目二：201考研英语一》教学大纲（486课时周六日及节假日上课）《科目三：6XX或7XX》《科目四：8XX或9XX》教学大纲（90课时：平时下午上课）普通全科钻石收费标准工学（部分一级学科）《科目一：101考研政治》教学大纲（225 课时周内下午上课）科目《二：201考研英语一》教学大纲《科目三：301 考研数学一》教学大纲《科目四：8XX或9XX》教学大纲（45课时：平时下午上课）（0251）金融硕士《科目一：101考研政治》教学大纲科目《二：204考研英语二》教学大纲（486课时周六日及节假日上课）《科目三：303 考研数学三》教学大纲《科目四：431 金融学综合》教学大纲备注：若科目三考396-经济类联考综合，收费增加1000元（0552）新闻与传播硕士《科目一：101考研政治》教学大纲科目《二：204考研英语二》教学大纲《科目三：334新闻与传播专业综合能力《科目四：440新闻与传播专业基础》教学大纲。

高等学校研究生英语综合教程上7答案

part ially ____
un ___fold
un ness ___selfish/ selfish____ proverb___ refine_____ ment ial mis ar ___take alter ation li___ ____ philanthrop___ ist
___perfect employ___ ee im __destructible criminal ___ ___ in consider___ able trait___ or
Reading Focus – Vocabulary in Action
Task 2 Form new words by combining affixes and the root words given in the box, then choose a word in its appropriate form to complete each of the sentences below. (P202) inunmis-ar -ee -ness -ment -ially -ial • dedis-inal im-tion -er -st -ation -ist -or -al -able -ible -ly
Reading Focus – Vocabulary in Action
considerable 7. A(n) _____________amount of research was done here by our science department. liar 8. She may be stupid, but she’s not a(n)______. 9. We are a multi-national corporation with 140,000 employees ___________ worldwide. unfolds 10. As the story _______, we learn more about Max’s childhood. refinement 11. The new theory is a(n) __________ of Corbin’s theory of personality development. philanthropist 12. Andrew Carnegie was a true_____________, giving away millions to charity. criminal 13. The _________ was sent to prison for 10 years. partially 14. Lisa is deaf in one ear and _________ blind. proverbial 15. His modesty is ____________.

小学英语科普版3-6年级词汇表

10 nose 10 close 10 still 10 go home 11 come 11 happy 11 birthday 11 pear 11 coke 11 come in 12 today 12 warm 12 get 12 her 12 seven 12 sing 12 candle 1 friend 1 swim 1 head 1 leg 1 dance 1 touch 1 bend 2 desk 2 cup 2 clock 2 guess 3 book 3 good 3 pen 3 pencil 3 pencil box
[kaɪt] [flaɪ] [njuː] [baɪk] [greɪt] [hwaɪ] [tɔɪ] [raɪd] [kəʊld] [gəʊ] [həʊm]
科普版小学英语（3-6年级）单词汇总
165 三下 166 三下 167 三下 168 三下 169 三下 170 三下 171 三下 172 三下 173 三下 174 三下 175 三下 176 三下 177 三下 178 三下 179 三下 180 三下 181 三下 182 四上 183 四上 184 四上 185 四上 186 四上 187 四上 188 四上 189 四上 190 四上 191 四上 192 四上 193 四上 194 四上 195 四上 196 四上 197 四上
66 三上 9 box
盒子
67 三上 9 black
黑色的
68 三上 9 white
白色的
69 三上 9 hat
礼帽
70 三上 10 Mrs
夫人
71 三上 10 fine
好的，晴朗的
72 三上 10 mum
妈妈
73 三上 10 nice

201英语一考试大纲 (1)

201英语一考试大纲I.考试性质英语（一）考试是为高等学校和科研院所招收硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的全国统一入学考试科目，其目的是科学、公平、有效地测试考生对英语语言的运用能力，评价的标准是高等学校非英语专业本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平，以保证被录取者具有一定的英语水平，并有利于各高等学校和科研院所在专业上择优选拔。

II.考查目标考生应掌握下列语言知识和技能：（一）语言知识1.语法知识考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识。

本大纲没有专门列出对语法知识的具体要求，其目的是鼓励考生用听、说、读、写的实践代替单纯的语法知识学习，以求考生在交际中能更准确、自如地运用语法知识。

2.词汇考生应能掌握5500左右的词汇以及相关附表中的内容（详见附录1、2）除掌握词汇的基本含义外，考生还应掌握词汇之间的词义关系，如同义词、近义词、反义词等；掌握词汇之间的搭配关系，如动词与介词、形容词与介词、形容词与名词等；掌握词汇生成的基本知识，如词源、词根、词缀等。

英语语言的演化是一个世界范围内的动态发展过程，它受到科技发展和社会进步的影响。

这意味着需要对本大纲词汇表不断进行研究和定期的修订。

此外，全国硕士研究生入学英语统一考试是为非英语专业考生设置的。

考虑到交际的需要，考生还应自行掌握与本人工作或专业相关的词汇，以及涉及个人好恶、生活习惯和宗教信仰等方面的词汇。

（二）语言技能1.阅读考生应能读懂选自各类书籍和报刊的不同类型的文字材料（生词量不超过所读材料总词汇量的3%），还应能读懂与本人学习或工作有关的文献资料、技术说明和产品介绍等。

对所选材料，考生应能：1）理解主旨要义；2）理解文中的具体信息；3）理解文中的概念性含义；4）进行有关的判断、推理和引申；5）根据上下文推测生词的词义；6）理解文章的总体结构以及上下文之间的关系；7）理解作者的意图、观点或态度；8）区分论点和依据。

2.写作考生应能写不同类型的应用文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等，以及一般描述性、叙述性、说明性或议论性的文章。

考研英语(一201)研究生考试试题与参考答案(2025年)

2025年研究生考试考研英语(一201)复习试题与参考答案一、完型填空（10分）Part A: Cloze TestFor each blank in the following passage, choose the best answer from the given options. Read the passage carefully before making your choices.The internet has become an integral part of our daily lives, transforming the way we communicate, work, and access information. Its impact on society is immense, and it continues to evolve at a rapid pace. The following passage discusses some of the challenges and opportunities that arise from this digital revolution.1.The internet has revolutionized the way we communicate, making it possible to connect with people all around the world 1_____.a) within secondsb) through traditional mailc) with the help of telephonesd) by using ancient means2.Social media platforms have 2_____ the number of online interactions and have become a powerful tool for social networking.a) diminishedb) increasedc) remained stabled) decreased3.One of the primary challenges of the digital age is the 3_____ of information overload.a) abundanceb) scarcityc) diversityd) precisionpanies are using big data analytics to 4_____ customer preferences and improve their services.a) predictb) ignorec) eliminated) overlook5.The rise of e-commerce has 5_____ the way we shop, offering convenience and a wider variety of products.a) transformedb) complicatedc) simplifiedd) eliminated6.While the internet has brought numerous benefits, it has also given riseto issues such as 6_____.a) improved educationb) increased job opportunitiesc) cybersecurity threatsd) better healthcare7.Online learning platforms have made education more accessible, allowing students to 7_____ courses from the comfort of their homes.a) submitb) participate inc) purchased) donate8.The rapid development of artificial intelligence has sparked 8_____ about the future of work and the potential displacement of jobs.a) excitementb) optimismc) concernd) indifference9.Internet privacy is a growing concern, with many users feeling that their personal data is not 9_____.a) secureb) accessiblec) sharedernments around the world are working to 10_____ internet regulations to ensure a safe and secure online environment.a) establishb) dismantlec) modifyd) ignore11.The internet has 11_____ the way we consume news, with many people relying on social media for updates.a) enrichedb) diminishedc) diversifiedd) consolidated12.One of the biggest advantages of the internet is its 12_____ in terms of information sharing and collaboration.a) limitationsb) benefitsc) challengesd) costs13.Online communication can sometimes lead to misunderstandings due to a lack of 13_____.a) clarityc) privacyd) access14.Cybersecurity experts are constantly working to 14_____ new threats and vulnerabilities.a) addressb) createc) ignored) eliminate15.The internet has 15_____ the global economy, facilitating international trade and business operations.a) boostedb) weakenedc) stabilizedd) diversified16.One of the challenges of the digital age is the 16_____ of digital literacy skills.a) shortageb) abundancec) diversityd) uniformity17.The internet has 17_____ the boundaries of traditional education,allowing for more personalized learning experiences.a) expandedb) narrowedc) maintainedd) eliminated18.While the internet offers numerous benefits, it also presents 18_____ in terms of mental health and well-being.a) opportunitiesb) challengesc) distractionsd) advancements19.Many people argue that the internet has 19_____ our attention spans, making us more prone to multitasking and shorter attention spans.a) extendedb) decreasedc) maintainedd) diversified20.Despite its challenges, the internet remains a powerful tool that has the potential to 20_____ our lives in countless ways.a) enrichb) degradec) isolated) confineAnswers:1.a) within seconds2.b) increased3.a) abundance4.a) predict5.a) transformed二、传统阅读理解（本部分有4大题，每大题10分，共40分）First QuestionPassage:“The Evolution of the English Language”The history of the English language is typically divided into three periods: Old English (approximately 450 to 1100 AD), Middle English (1100 to 1500), and Modern English (from 1500 to the present day). The language spoken during the Old English period was very different from the English we use today; it was heavily influenced by Germanic languages due to the Anglo-Saxon invasions. After the Norman Conquest in 1066, French became the language of the royal court and the ruling classes, which led to a significant number of French words being incorporated into the English vocabulary.During the Middle English period, the language began to take on a more familiar form as the influence of Latin and French from the Church and the Normansblended with the existing Germanic base. This period also saw the Great Vowel Shift, a major change in pronunciation that started around the 15th century and continued through the 17th century, transforming the sound system of the English language.Modern English emerged as a result of various linguistic changes and innovations, including the invention of the printing press, which standardized spelling, and the Renaissance, which introduced many Greek and Latin terms into the language. Today, English continues to evolve, absorbing new words from cultures all over the world, reflecting the globalized nature of our society.1、What were the main influences on Old English?A) Latin and FrenchB) French and ItalianC) Germanic languages and LatinD) Germanic languages and French2、When did the English language begin to shift significantly towards its modern form?A) After the Norman ConquestB) Around the 15th centuryC) During the RenaissanceD) In the 18th century3、Which event is credited with standardizing English spelling?A) The Norman ConquestB) The Great Vowel ShiftC) The invention of the printing pressD) The Renaissance4、What does the passage suggest about the current state of the English language?A) It is no longer evolving.B) It has stopped borrowing words from other languages.C) It remains static and unchanged since the Middle English period.D) It is continuing to evolve and incorporate new words from various cultures.5、Which of the following best describes the impact of the Great Vowel Shift?A) It introduced French vocabulary into English.B) It led to changes in the pronunciation of English vowels.C) It standardized the spelling of English words.D) It marked the beginning of the Old English period.Answers:1、D2、B3、C4、D5、B第二题Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.The advent of the internet has revolutionized the way we access information and communicate with others. From the early days of dial-up modems to the lightning-fast speeds of today’s 5G n etworks, the internet has grown exponentially. This rapid expansion has not only brought about convenience but also raised concerns about privacy and security.1.The passage discusses the impact of the internet on:a)Educationb)Communicationc)Entertainmentd)Transportation2.The phrase “revolutions the way we access information” suggests that the internet has:a)Made information less accessibleb)Had no impact on information accessc)Made information more accessibled)Brought about confusion in information access3.The term “exponentially” implies that the growth of the internet has been:a)Slow and steadyb)Unpredictablec)Very fast and intensed)Gradual and consistent4.The passage mentions that the internet has brought about both convenience and concerns. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a concern?a)Privacy issuesb)Security breachesc)Increased traffic congestiond)Loss of face-to-face interactions5.The author’s tone towards the internet can be described as:a)Highly criticalb)Indifferentc)Positive and optimisticd)Negative and skepticalAnswers:1.b) Communication2.c) Made information more accessible3.c) Very fast and intense4.c) Increased traffic congestion5.c) Positive and optimisticThird QuestionPassage:In today’s fast-paced world, technology has become an indispensable part of our lives. It shapes how we communicate, learn, and even entertain ourselves. One area where technology has made significant strides is in education. The advent of e-learning platforms has revolutionized traditional classroom settings, making education more accessible and flexible than ever before.However, the integration of technology into education is not without its challenges. Critics argue that excessive reliance on technology could lead toa decrease in face-to-face interaction among students, potentially weakening their social skills. Moreover, there is concern about the digital divide, which refers to the gap between those who have ready access to digital technology and those who do not. This disparity can exacerbate existing educational inequalities if not properly addressed.Despite these concerns, proponents of educational technology believe that the benefits far outweigh the drawbacks. With the right policies in place to ensure equitable access and usage, technology can serve as a powerful tool to enhance learning experiences and outcomes.Questions:1、What is one major benefit of integrating technology into education according to the passage?Answer: The major benefit mentioned is that technology makes education more accessible and flexible through e-learning platforms.2、What potential drawback of technological integration into education is mentioned?Answer: A potential drawback is the decrease in face-to-face interactions among students, which might weaken their social skills.3、How does the passage define the term “digital divide”?Answer: The “digital divide” is defined as the gap between those who have ready access to digital technology and those who do not.4、What concern is raised regarding the digital divide in the context ofeducation?Answer: The concern is that the digital divide could exacerbate existing educational inequalities.5、According to the passage, what condition must be met to harness the full benefits of educational technology?Answer: The condition stated is that there need to be right policies in place to ensure equitable access and usage of technology.第四题Reading Passage:In the era of digital technology, the importance of traditional reading skills has often been overlooked. However, reading traditional books offers numerous benefits that cannot be replicated by digital devices. This passage discusses the advantages of reading traditional books over digital ones.The benefits of reading traditional books are multifaceted. Firstly, it enhances cognitive development. The physical act of turning pages and holding a book requires more engagement from the reader, which leads to better concentration and comprehension. Secondly, reading traditional books promotes relaxation and reduces stress. The tactile experience of holding a book and the soothing sound of pages turning create a calming atmosphere that is conducive to relaxation. Thirdly, traditional books offer a unique sense of ownership and connection. Collecting books and having them on a shelf creates a personal library that is a reflection of one’s personality and interests. Lastly,traditional books have a longer lifespan than digital devices, making them a more sustainable choice.Despite the numerous benefits of reading traditional books, the rise of digital technology has led to a decline in book reading. Many people now prefer to read on e-readers or smartphones, which are more convenient and portable. However, this convenience comes at a cost. E-readers and smartphones can be addictive, leading to shorter attention spans and reduced concentration. Additionally, the screen glare and blue light emitted by digital devices can be harmful to one’s eyes and overall health.The importance of traditional reading skills cannot be overstated. Reading traditional books offers numerous benefits that contribute to cognitive development, relaxation, personal connection, and sustainability. While digital technology has its advantages, it is crucial to maintain the habit of reading traditional books to reap these benefits.Questions:1、What is the main advantage of reading traditional books mentioned in the passage?A. They are more portable.B. They enhance cognitive development.C. They are more convenient.D. They are more sustainable.2、According to the passage, how does reading traditional books contributeto relaxation?A. It provides a soothing sound of pages turning.B. It enhances cognitive development.C. It promotes social interaction.D. It helps in reducing stress.3、What is one of the unique benefits of traditional books mentioned in the passage?A. They have a longer lifespan than digital devices.B. They can be easily shared with others.C. They are more durable than digital devices.D. They offer a personal sense of connection.4、Why does the passage mention the decline in book reading?A. Because digital technology is more convenient.B. Because traditional books are more expensive.C. Because people prefer to read on e-readers.D. Because traditional books are less accessible.5、What is the author’s main argument in the passage?A. Traditional books are better than digital devices.B. Digital technology is more beneficial for reading.C. Traditional reading skills are important to maintain.D. Digital devices are more sustainable than traditional books.Answers:1、B2、A3、D4、A5、C三、阅读理解新题型（10分）Section III Reading Comprehension (New Type)Part ADirections: There is a passage in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage:The rise of the Internet and the spread of social media have dramatically changed the way we communicate and interact with each other. One of the most significant impacts of these technologies is the transformation of traditional media, which has led to the emergence of new forms of media and communication. This shift has not only altered the way we consume information but also the way we create and share it.The traditional media landscape, dominated by newspapers, television, and radio, has been rapidly reshaped by the digital age. These platforms have adaptedto the digital environment, offering users more personalized and interactive experiences. However, the rise of digital media has also brought challenges, such as the spread of misinformation and the decline in the quality of content.One of the most notable developments in digital media is the rise of influencers. Influencers are individuals who have established a significant online presence and have gained a loyal following. They often use their platforms to promote products, services, or ideas, and their influence can be significant. The power of influencers lies in their ability to reach a large audience quickly and effectively.Despite the benefits, the influence of digital media and influencers raises important ethical and social questions. The spread of fake news, for instance, is a direct consequence of the rapid dissemination of information online. Moreover, the influence of influencers can sometimes lead to harmful behaviors, such as the promotion of unrealistic body image or the encouragement of materialism.The impact of digital media on society is multifaceted. It has democratized information, allowing individuals to access and share knowledge more easily than ever before. However, it has also created new forms of inequality, such as the digital divide, where individuals without access to the internet are left behind.Questions:1.What is the main topic of the passage?A) The rise of digital mediaB) The decline of traditional mediaC) The rise of influencersD) The impact of digital media on society2.According to the passage, what is one of the challenges brought by the rise of digital media?A) The increase in the quality of contentB) The spread of misinformationC) The decrease in the number of traditional media platformsD) The increase in the number of influencers3.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an ethical or social question raised by the influence of digital media?A) The spread of fake newsB) The promotion of unrealistic body imageC) The increase in the number of newspapersD) The encouragement of materialism4.What is the author’s attitude towards the democratization of information by digital media?A) SkepticalB) NeutralC) SupportiveD) Critical5.The passage suggests that the digital divide can result in:A) More people having access to informationB) Less people having access to informationC) No change in the access to informationD) A more equal distribution of informationAnswers:1.D) The impact of digital media on society2.B) The spread of misinformation3.C) The increase in the number of newspapers4.C) Supportive5.B) Less people having access to information四、翻译（本大题有5小题，每小题2分，共10分）第一题Translate the following Chinese paragraph into English.中文段落：“近年来，随着科技的飞速发展，人们的生活方式发生了翻天覆地的变化。

201考研英语试题及答案

201考研英语试题及答案2012年全国硕⼠研究⽣⼊学考试英语试题National Entrance Test of English for MA/MSCandidates (NETEM)Section ⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D]onANSWER SHEET 1. ( 10 points)The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices became an important issue recently. The court cannot_____ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law______ justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that_____ the court’s reputation for being independent and impartial.Justices Antonin Scalia and Samuel Alito Jr., for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be____ as imp artial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not _____ by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself_______ to the code ofconduct that ______to the rest of the federal judiciary.This and other cases ______the question of whether there is still a _____ between the court and politics.The framers of the Constitution envisioned law____ having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions ____ they would be free to ____those in power and have no need to_____ political support.Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely _____.Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social ______like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it _____is inescapably political — which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily _____ as unjust.The justices must _____doubts about the court’s legitimac y by making themselves _____to the code of conduct. That would make their rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and, _____, convincing aslaw.1 A emphasize B maintain C modify D recognize2 A when B best C before D unless3 A rendered B weakened C established D eliminated4 A challenged B compromised C suspected D accepted5. A advanced B caught C bound D founded6. A resistant B subject C immune D prone7. A resorts B sticks C leads D applies8. A evade B raise C deny D settle9. A line B barrier C similarity D conflict10. A by B as C through D towards11. A so B since C provided D though12. A serve B satisfy C upset D replace13. A confirm B express C cultivate D offer14 A guarded B followed C studied D tied15. A concepts B theories C divisions D convenience16. A excludes B questions C shapes D controls17. A dismissed B released C ranked D distorted18. A suppress B exploit C address D ignore19. A accessible B. amiable C agreeable D accountable20. A by all means B at all costs C in a word D as a resultSection ⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Markyour answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (40 points)Text 1Come on –Everybody’s doing it. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure. It usually leads to no good-drinking, drugs and casual sex. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individualsimprove their lives and possibly the word.Rosenberg, the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize, offers a host of example of the social cure in action: In South Carolina, a state-sponsored antismoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool. In South Africa, an HIV-prevention initiative known as LoveLife recruits young people to promote safe sex amongtheir peers.The idea seems promising，and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer. Her critique of the lameness of many pubic-health campaigns is spot-on: they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits, and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology.‖ Dare to be different, please don’t smoke!‖ pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers-teenagers, who desire nothing more than fitting in. Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled atapplying peer pressure.But on the general effectiveness of the social cure, Rosenberg is less persuasive. Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful. The most glari ng flaw of the social cure as it’s presented here is that it doesn’t work very well for very long. Rage Against the Haze failed once state funding was cut. Evidence that the LoveLife program produceslasting changes is limited and mixed.There’s no doubt that our peer groups exert enormous influence on our behavior. An emerging body of research shows that positive health habits-as well as negative ones-spread through networks of friends via social communication. This is a subtle form of peer pressure: we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day.Far less certain, however, is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions. It’s like the teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing them with better-behaved classmates. The tactic never really works. And that’s the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside: in the real world, as in school, we insist on choosing our own friends.21. According to the first paragraph, peer pressure often emerges as[A] a supplement to the social cure[B] a stimulus to group dynamics[C] an obstacle to school progress[D] a cause of undesirable behaviors22. Rosenberg holds that public advocates should[A] recruit professional advertisers[B] learn fro m advertisers’ experience[C] stay away from commercial advertisers[D] recognize the limitations of advertisements23. In the author’s view, Rosenberg’s book fails to[A] adequately probe social and biological factors[B] effectively evade the flaws of the social cure[C] illustrate the functions of state funding[D]produce a long-lasting social effect24. Paragraph 5shows that our imitation of behaviors[A] is harmful to our networks of friends[B] will mislead behavioral studies[C] occurs without our realizing it[D] can produce negative health habits25. The author suggests in the last paragraph that the effect of peer pressure is[A] harmful[B] desirable[C] profound[D] questionableTEXT2Pretty in pink: adult women do not remember being so obsessed with the colour, yet it is pervasive in our young girls’ lives. It is not that pink intrinsically bad, but it is a tiny slice of the rainbow and, though it may celebrate girlhood in one way, it also repeatedly and firmly fused girls’ identity to appearance. Then it presents that connection, even among two-year-olds, between girls as not only innocent but as evidence of innocence. Looking around, despaired at the singular lack of imagination about girls’ lives and interest s.Girls' attraction to pink may seem unavoidable, somehow encoded in their DNA, but according to Jo Paoletti, an associate professor of American Studies, it's not. Children were not colour-coded at all until the early 20th century: in the era before domestic washing machines all babies wore white as a practical matter, since the only way of getting clothes clean was to boil them. What's more, both boys and girls wore what were thought of as gender-neutral dresses. When nursery colours were introduced, pink was actually considered the more masculine colour, a pastel version of red, which was associated with strength. Blue, with its intimations of the V irgin Mary, constancy and faithfulness, symbolised femininity. It was not until the mid-1980s, when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children's marketing strategy, that pink fully came into its own, when it began to seem innately attractive to girls, part of what defined them as female, at least for the first few critical years.I had not realised how profoundly marketing trends dictated our perception of what is natural to kids, including our core beliefs about their psychological development. Take the toddler. I assumed that phase was something experts developed after years of research into children's behaviour: wrong. Turns out, according to Daniel Cook, a historian of childhood consumerism, it was popularised as a marketing gimmick by clothing manufacturers in the 1930s.Trade publications counselled department stores that, in order to increase sales, they should create a "third stepping stone"between infant wear and older kids' clothes. It was only after "toddler" became common shoppers' term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage. Splitting kids, or adults, into ever-tinier categories has proved a sure-fire way to boost profits. And one of the easiest ways to segment a market is to magnify gender differences – or invent them where they did not previously exist.26 By saying "it is ... The rainbow"(line 3, Para 1), the author means pink _______.A should not be the sole representation of girlhoodB should not be associated with girls' innocenceC cannot explain girls' lack of imaginationD cannot influence girls' lives and interests27 According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true of colours?A Colors are encoded in girls' DNAB Blue used to be regarded as the color for girlsC Pink used to be a neutral color in symbolizing gendersD White is preferred by babies28 The author suggests that our perception of children's psychological devotement was much influenced by ________.[A] the marketing of products for children[B] the observation of children's nature[C] researches into children's behavior[D] studies of childhood consumption29. We may learn from Paragraph 4 that department stores were advised ________.A focuses on infant wear and older kids' clothesB attach equal importance to different gendersC classify consumers into smaller groupsD create some common shoppers' terms30. it can be concluded that girl's attraction to pink seems to be _____.A clearly explained by their inborn tendencyB fully understood by clothing manufacturersC mainly imposed by profit-driven businessmenD well interpreted by psychological expertsText 3In the idealized version of how science is done, facts about the world are waiting to be observed and collected by objective researchers who use the scientific method to carry out their work. But in the everyday practice of science, discovery frequently follows an ambiguous and complicated route. We aim to be objective, but we cannot escape the context of our unique life experience. Prior knowledge and interest influence what we experience, what we think our experiences mean, and the subsequent actions we take. Opportunities formisinterpretation, error, and self-deception abound.Consequently, discovery claims should be thought of as protoscience. Similar to newly staked mining claims, they are full of potential. But it takes collective scrutiny and acceptance to transform a discovery claim into a mature discovery. This is the c redibility process, through which the individual researcher’s me, here, now becomes the community’s anyone, anywhere, anytime. Objective knowledge is the goal, not the starting point.Once a discovery claim becomes public, the discoverer receives intellectual credit. But, unlike with mining claims, the community takes control of what happens next. Within the complex social structure of the scientific community, researchers make discoveries; editors and reviewers act as gatekeepers by controlling the publication process; other scientists use the new finding to suit their own purposes; and finally, the public (including other scientists) receives the new discovery and possibly accompanying technology. As a discovery claim works it through the community, the interaction and confrontation between shared and competing beliefs about the science and the technology involved transforms an individual’s discovery claim into the community’s credible discovery.Two paradoxes exist throughout this credibility process. First, scientific work tends to focus on some aspect of prevailing Knowledge that is viewed as incomplete or incorrect. Little reward accompanies duplication and confirmation of what is already known and believed. The goal is new-search, not re-search. Not surprisingly, newly published discovery claims and credible discoveries that appear to be important and convincing will always be open to challenge and potential modification or refutation by future researchers. Second, novelty itself frequently provokes disbelief. Nobel Laureate and physiologist Albert Azent-Gyorgyi once described discovery as ―seeing what everybody has seen and thinking what nobody has thought.‖ But thinking what nobody else has thought and telling others what they have missed may not change their views. Sometimes years are required fortruly novel discovery claims to be accepted and appreciated.In the end, credibility ―happens‖ to a discovery claim – a process that corresponds to what philosopher Annette Baier has described as the commons of the mind. ―We reason together, challenge, revise, and complete each other’s reasoning and each other’s conceptions of reason.‖31. According to the first paragraph, the process of discovery is characterized by its[A] uncertainty and complexity.[B] misconception and deceptiveness.[C] logicality and objectivity.[D] systematicness and regularity.32. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that credibility process requires[A] strict inspection.[B]shared efforts.[C] individual wisdom.[D]persistent innovation.33.Paragraph 3 shows that a discovery claim becomes credible after it[A] has attracted the attention of the general public.[B]has been examined by the scientific community.[C] has received recognition from editors and reviewers.[D]has been frequently quoted by peer scientists.34. Albert Szent-Gy?rgyi would most likely agree that[A] scientific claims will survive challenges.[B]discoveries today inspire future research.[C] efforts to make discoveries are justified.[D]scientific work calls for a critical mind.35.Which of the following would be the best title of the test?[A] Novelty as an Engine of Scientific Development.[B]Collective Scrutiny in Scientific Discovery.[C] Evolution of Credibility in Doing Science.[D]Challenge to Credibility at the Gate to ScienceText 4If the trade unionist Jimmy Hoffa were alive today, he would probably represent civil servant. When Hoffa’s Teamsters were in their prime in 1960, only one in ten American government workers belonged to a union; now 36% do. In 2009 the number of unionists in America’s public sector passed that of their fellow members in the private sector. In Britain, more than half of public-sector workers but only about 15% of private-sector ones areunionized.There are three reasons for the public-sector unions’ thriving. First, they can shut things down without suffering much in the way of consequences. Second, they are mostly bright and well-educated. A quarter of America’s public-sector workers have a university degree. Third, they now dominate left-of-centre politics. Some of their ties go back a long way. Britain’s Labor Party, as its name implies, has long been associated with trade unionism. Its current leader, Ed Miliband, owes his position to votes from public-sector unions.At the state level their influence can be even more fearsome. Mark Baldassare of the Public Policy Institute of California points out that much of the state’s budget is patrolled by unions. The teachers’ unions keep an eye on schools, the CCPOA on prisons and a variety of labor groups on health care.In many rich countries average wages in the state sector are higher than in the private one. But the real gains come in benefits and work practices. Politicians have repeatedly ―backloaded‖ public-sector pay deals, keeping the pay increases modest but adding to holidays and especially pensions that are already generous.Reform has been vigorously opposed, perhaps most egregiously in education, where charter schools, academies and merit pay all faced drawn-out battles. Even though there is plenty of evidence that the quality of the teachers is the most important variable, teachers’ unions have fought against getting rid of bad ones and promotinggood ones.As the cost to everyone else has become clearer, politicians have begun to clamp down. In Wisconsin the unions have rallied thousands of supporters against Scott Walker, the hardline Republican governor. But many within the public sector suffer under the current system, too.John Donahue at Harvar d’s Kennedy School points out that the norms of culture in Western civil services suit those who want to stay put but is bad for high achievers. The only American public-sector workers who earn well above $250,000 a year are university sports coaches and t he president of the United States. Bankers’ fat pay packets have attracted much criticism, but a public-sector system that does not reward high achievers may be amuch bigger problem for America.36. It can be learned from the first paragraph that[A] Teamsters still have a large body of members.[B] Jimmy Hoffa used to work as a civil servant.[C] unions have enlarged their public-sector membership.[D]the government has improved its relationship with unionists.37. Which of the following is true of Paragraph 2?[A] Public-sector unions are prudent in taking actions.[B] Education is required for public-sector union membership.[C] Labor Party has long been fighting against public-sector unions.[D]Public-sector unions seldom get in trouble for their actions.38. It can be learned from Paragraph 4 that the income in the state sector is[A] illegally secured.[B] indirectly augmented.[C] excessively increased.[D]fairly adjusted.39. The example of the unions in Wisconsin shows that unions[A]often run against the current political system.[B]can change people’s political attitudes.[C]may be a barrier to public-sector reforms.[D]are dominant in the government.40. John Donahue’s attitude toward s the public-sector system is one of[A]disapproval.[B]appreciation.[C]tolerance.[D]indifference.Part BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.（10 points）Think of those fleeting moments when you look out of an aeroplane window and realise that you are flying, higher than a bird. Now think of your laptop, thinner than a brown-paper envelope, or your cellphone in the palm of your hand. Take a moment or two to wonder at those marvels. You are the lucky inheritor of a dream come true.The second half of the 20th century saw a collection of geniuses, warriors, entrepreneurs and visionaries labour to create a fabulous machine that could function as a typewriter and printing press, studio and theatre, paintbrush and gallery, piano and radio, the mail as well as the mail carrier. (41)The networked computer is an amazing device, the first media machine that serves as the mode of production, means of distribution, site of reception, and place of praise and critique. The computer is the 21st century's culturemachine.But for all the reasons there are to celebrate the computer, we must also tread with caution. (42)I call it a secret war for two reasons. First, most people do not realise that there are strong commercial agendas at work to keep them in passive consumption mode. Second, the majority of people who use networked computers to upload are not even aware of the significance of what they are doing.All animals download, but only a few upload. Beavers build dams and birds make nests. Yet for the most part, the animal kingdom moves through the world downloading. Humans are unique in their capacity to not only make tools but then turn around and use them to create superfluous material goods - paintings, sculpture and architecture - and superfluous experiences - music, literature, religion and philosophy. (43)For all the possibilities of our new culture machines, most people are still stuck in download mode. Even after the advent of widespread social media, a pyramid of production remains, with a small number of people uploading material, a slightly larger group commenting on or modifying that content, and a huge percentage remainingcontent to just consume. (44)Television is a one-way tap flowing into our homes. The hardest task that television asks of anyone is to turnthe power off after he has turned it on.(45)What counts as meaningful uploading? My definition revolves around the concept of "stickiness" - creationsand experiences to which others adhere.[A] Of course, it is precisely these superfluous things that define human culture and ultimately what it is to be human. Downloading and consuming culture requires great skills, but failing to move beyond downloading is tostrip oneself of a defining constituent of humanity.[B] Applications like /doc/455f23ec856a561252d36f78.html , which allow users to combine pictures, words and other media in creative ways and then share them, have the potential to add stickiness by amusing, entertaining and enlightening others.[C] Not only did they develop such a device but by the turn of the millennium they had also managed toembed it in a worldwide system accessed by billions of people every day.[D] This is because the networked computer has sparked a secret war between downloading and uploading - between passive consumption and active creation - whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we canonly begin to imagine.[E] The challenge the computer mounts to television thus bears little similarity to one format being replacedby another in the manner of record players being replaced by CD players.[F] One reason for the persistence of this pyramid of production is that for the past half-century, much of the world's media culture has been defined by a single medium - television - and television is defined by downloading.[G]The networked computer offers the first chance in 50 years to reverse the flow, to encourage thoughtfuldownloading and, even more importantly, meaningful uploading.相关推荐：Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. ( 10 points)Since the days of Aristotle, a search for universal principles has characterized the scientific enterprise. In some ways, this quest for commonalities defines science. Newton's laws of motion and Darwinian evolution each bind a host of different phenomena into a single explicatory framework.(46)In physics, one approach takes this impulse for unification to its extreme, and seeks a theory of everything — a single generative equation for all we see. It is becoming less clear, however, that such a theory would be a simplification, given the proliferation of dimensions and universes that it might entail. Nonetheless,unification of sorts remains a major goal.This tendency in the natural sciences has long been evident in the social sciences too. (47)Here, Darwinism seems to offer justification, for if all humans share common origins, it seems reasonable to suppose that cultural diversity could also be traced to more constrained beginnings. Just as the bewildering variety of human courtship rituals might all be considered to be forms of sexual selection, perhaps the world's languages, music, social and religious customs and even history are governed by universal features. (48)To filter out what is contingent and unique from what is shared might enable us to understand how complex cultural behaviour arose and what guidesit in evolutionary or cognitive terms.That, at least, is the hope. But a comparative study of linguistic traits published online today supplies a reality check. Russell Gray at the University of Auckland and his colleagues consider the evolution of grammars in the light of two previous attempts to find universality in language.The most famous of these efforts was initiated by Noam Chomsky, who postulated that humans are born with an innate language-acquisition capacity that dictates a universal grammar. A few generative rules are then sufficient to unfold the entire fundamental structure of a language, which is why children can learn it so quickly.(49)The second, by Joshua Greenberg, takes a more empirical approach to universality, identifying traits (particularly in word order) shared by many languages, which are considered to represent biases that result fromcognitive constraints.Gray and his colleagues have put them to the test by examining four family trees that between them represent more than2,000 languages. (50) Chomsky’s gram mar should show patterns of language change that are independent of the family tree or the pathway tracked through it, whereas Greenbergian universality predicts strong co-dependencies between particular types of word-order relations. Neither of these patterns is borne out by the analysis, suggesting that the structures of the languages are lineage-specific and not governed by universals.Section ⅢWritingPart A51. Directions:You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the notice. Use "Postgraduates' Association" instead. ( 10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you shoulddescribe the picture briefly,explain its intended meaning, andgive your comments.You should write neatly on answer sheet 2.2012年全国硕⼠研究⽣⼊学考试英语⼀真题参考答案Section Ⅰ Use of English1-5 BABDC 6-10 BDBAB 11-15 ACCDA 16-20 CACDDSection Ⅱ Reading Comprehension21-2526-30 ABDCCPart B41-45Part C46.在物理学领域，有⼀种⽅法将这种―万物归⼀的推动⼒‖推向了极致，它试图探寻到能解释⼀切的，最底层的公式。

2024年研究生考试考研英语(一201)试题与参考答案

2024年研究生考试考研英语(一201)自测试题与参考答案一、完型填空（10分）Passage:Many people today believe that the world is becoming more and more competitive. This is particularly true in the fields of education and employment. The pressure to succeed in these areas has never been greater, and people are feeling the stress more than ever before.One of the reasons for this increased pressure is the rapid technological advancements we have seen in recent years. These advancements have led to a greater demand for skilled workers. Consequently, young people feel that they need to continuously upgrade their knowledge and abilities in order to stay competitive.In the realm of education, the competition starts from a very young age. Toddlers are sent to special schools to develop their language and cognitive skills. Children in primary school are enrolled in extra-curricular activities to enhance their extracurricular abilities. And in high school, students are expected to excel in their academic studies and participate in various competitions to showcase their talents.Besides education, the job market is also highly competitive. With the onsetof the digital age, many traditional jobs have been replaced by technology. This has led to a scarcity of certain kinds of jobs, making them even more sought after. As a result, candidates for these positions must possess not only knowledge but also certain soft skills, such as teamwork, problem-solving, and communication.Even in the field of sports, competition is intense. Athletes from all over the world compete at the highest level, pushing themselves to their limits. The desire to win and recognition often drives them to train harder and longer than ever before.Questions:While the pressure to succeed in education and employment is increasing, many argue that the advancements in technology have also created opportunities for personal and career growth. Pick the most appropriate word or phrase for each of the following blanks:1.The pressure to succeed in these areas has_______________never been greater.A) barelyB) certainlyC) perhapsD) rarely2.These advancements have_______________to a greater demand for skilled workers.A) ledB) resultedC) contributedD) impacted3.Toddlers are sent to special schools to_______________their language and cognitive skills.A) cultivateB) enhanceC) inhibitD) damage4.In primary school, children are enrolled in extra-curricular activities to_______________their extracurricular abilities.A) exploitB) refineC) diminishD) thwart5.And in high school, students are expected to_______________in their academic studies.A) relayB) augmentC) thriveD) wane6.This has led to a scarcity of certain kinds of jobs,which_______________them even more sought after.A) rendersB) signifiesC) ensuresD) manifests7.Candidates for these positions must possess not only knowledge but also certain_______________skills.A) fundamentalB) creativeC) tenderD) diverse8.Even in the field of sports, competition is _______________.A) uniformB) incrementalC) intenseD) adverse9.Athletes from all over the world compete at the highestlevel,_______________themselves to their limits.A) pushingB) pullingC) draggingD) resisting10.The desire to win and recognition often_______________them to trainharder and longer.A) inducementsB) motivesC) obstaclesD) pressuresAnswers:1.A) barely2.A) led3.A) cultivate4.B) enhance5.C) thrive6.A) renders7.A) fundamental8.C) intense9.A) pushing10.D) pressures二、传统阅读理解（本部分有4大题，每大题10分，共40分）First QuestionPassage:In recent years, the concept of resilience has gained significant traction across various sectors, including education, business, and mental health.Resilience, often defined as the capacity to recover quickly from difficulties, is now seen as a critical skill that can be developed and nurtured over time. The ability to bounce back after setbacks or failures is not just a personal asset but also a professional one, particularly in today’s rapidly changing world.Educators have begun to incorporate resilience-building activities into their curricula, recognizing that academic success is not solely dependent on intelligence or hard work. Instead, it is increasingly acknowledged that emotional intelligence, adaptability, and the willingness to take risks play crucial roles in achieving long-term goals. For instance, students who are taught to view failure as a learning opportunity rather than a personal shortcoming are more likely to persist through challenges and ultimately succeed.In the business world, resilience is equally important. Companies that can adapt to market changes and overcome obstacles tend to outperform those that cannot. Leaders who demonstrate resilience inspire confidence in their teams and foster a culture of perseverance and innovation. Moreover, resilient organizations are better equipped to manage crises, such as economic downturns or unexpected disruptions, by leveraging their agility and flexibility.Mental health professionals also emphasize the importance of resilience. They argue that building resilience can help individuals cope with stress, anxiety, and depression. Techniques such as mindfulness, positive thinking, andsocial support are effective tools in developing this trait. By cultivating these practices, individuals can improve their mental well-being and lead more fulfilling lives.Despite the growing recognition of resilience, there are still challenges in its implementation. For example, some critics argue that the emphasis on resilience may overlook systemic issues that contribute to adversity. Others point out that not everyone has equal access to resources that promote resilience, such as quality education or supportive communities. Therefore, while resilience is a valuable trait, it is essential to address broader societal factors that affect individuals’ ability to thrive.Questions:1、According to the passage, what is the primary definition of resilience?•A) The ability to avoid difficulties.•B) The capacity to recover quickly from difficulties.•C) The willingness to take risks.•D) The skill to adapt to market changes.•Answer: B2、How do educators incorporate resilience into their teaching?•A) By focusing solely on intelligence and hard work.•B) By discouraging students from taking risks.•C) By teaching students to view failure as a learning opportunity.•D) By emphasizing the importance of avoiding challenges.•Answer: C3、What advantage do resilient companies have in the business world?•A) They are less likely to face market changes.•B) They tend to outperform less adaptable companies.•C) They avoid taking any risks.•D) They rely solely on traditional methods.•Answer: B4、Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a technique for building resilience in mental health?•A) Mindfulness.•B) Positive thinking.•C) Social support.•D) Physical exercise.•Answer: D5、What challenge is mentioned regarding the implementation of resilience?•A) The concept of resilience is too new to be understood.•B) There is a lack of interest in developing resilience.•C) Some people may not have equal access to resources that promote resilience.•D) Resilience is only beneficial for personal, not professional, development.•Answer: CSecond QuestionPassage:The traditional view of the relationship between women and technology has been one of conflict and resistance. Historically, women have been underrepresented in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). This underrepresentation can be attributed to various factors, including societal biases, stereotypes, and discrimination. However, recent studies and initiatives have highlighted the significant contributions women have made to technological advancements, challenging the notion that women are naturally less capable or interested in technology.In the late 19th century, Ada Lovelace, an English mathematician, is often cited as the first computer programmer for her insights into Charles Babbage’s early mechanical general-purpose computer, the Analytical Engine. Lovelace not only programmed the machine but also foresaw its potential for future applications, including what could be considered modern computing. Her detailed notes on the Analytical Engine are considered the first algorithm written for a machine.During the 20th century, women like Grace Hopper continued to make groundbreaking contributions. As a naval reserve officer in the U.S. Navy, Hopper developed the first compiler to translate code written in English into machine language, which helped to simplify programming. She also coined the term “debugging,” coined from the removal of a moth that was jamming an earlycomputer. Her contributions were significant, paving the way for modern programming languages.In more recent times, women like propName (a pseudonym to protect her privacy) have been challenging gender biases and stereotypes within tech companies. PropName, a software engineer, has shared her experiences and insights on how to create more inclusive workplace cultures. Through interviews, articles, and public speaking engagements, PropName has advocated for equal opportunities and supported initiatives that aim to increase female representation in tech.Despite these advances, challenges remain. Intersectional factors such as race, socioeconomic status, and personal identity continue to influence the experiences of women in technology. For instance, women of color often face additional barriers due to systemic inequalities and lack of role models. Nonetheless, the narrative is shifting as more women come forward with their stories and the tech industry begins to recognize the importance of diversity and inclusion.1、Who is Ada Lovelace considered to be in the history of computing?1、Ada Lovelace is considered the first computer programmer.2、What is Grace Hopper known for contributing to the tech industry?2、Grace Hopper is known for developing the first compiler and coining the term “debugging.”3、What is the pseudonym of the software engineer who advocated for equal opportunities and supported diversity initiatives?3、The pseudonym of the software engineer is propName.4、What additional barriers do women of color face in the tech industry, according to the passage?4、Women of color face additional barriers due to systemic inequalities anda lack of role models.5、What is the significance of the changing narrative in the tech industry according to the passage?5、The significance of the changing narrative is that the tech industry is recognizing the importance of diversity and inclusion.第三题For this part, you will read a passage. After reading the passage, you must complete the table below with the information given in the passage. Some of the information may be given in the passage; other information you will have to write in your own words.P了个G is an entertainment company based in Los Angeles. It specializes in pop musiccontracts and record producing. The company was founded in 1964 by Terry Melcher, who wanted to create a recording contract that would give artists the opportunity to keep more of their earnings and retain better control over their music. Over the years, P了个G has become one of the most successful entertainment companies, working with some of the biggest pop stars in the world.The company’s business model is centered on its contracts. These contrac ts are designed to help artists achieve financial success while giving them asignificant share of the profits from their music. The contracts also provide artistic freedom for the artists, allowing them to have creative control over their work.1、What is the main focus of P了个G’s company?A. Book publishingB. Film productionC. Pop music contracts and record producingD. Fashion design2、Who founded P了个G?A. Barry MelcerB. Terry MelcherC. Bob MelcerD. Jim Melcer3、What is one of the key benefits of the contracts offered by P了个G?A. Higher salaryB. Creative controlC. Exclusive merchandise sales rightsD. More opportunities for international exposure4、Why was P了个G founded?A. To give artists the opportunity to keep more of their earnings and retain better control over their musicB. To specialize in book publishingC. To produce filmsD. To design clothing5、How has P了个G become successful?A. By working with independent book publishersB. By producing high-quality filmsC. By specializing in pop music contracts and record producingD. By designing trendy fashionAnswers:1、C2、B3、B4、A5、C第四题Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.In recent years, the rise of social media has had a significant impact on the way we communicate and share information. Platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram have become integral parts of our daily lives, allowing us to connect with friends and family across the globe, share our thoughts and experiences, and even influence public opinion. However, this shift in communication has also raised concerns about the impact on traditional reading habits.The decline in reading traditional books and newspapers has been a topic of discussion among educators and researchers. Many argue that the ease of accessing information online has led to a decrease in deep reading and critical thinking skills. While online content is often concise and easy to digest, it lacks the depth and complexity that printed materials provide. This has raised questions about the future of literacy and the importance of reading for personal and intellectual development.One study conducted by researchers at the University of California, Irvine, found that students who spent more time on social media were less likely to engage in deep reading activities. The researchers noted that the constant stream of information and the need to keep up with the latest posts created a sense of urgency and distraction that hindered their ability to focus on longer, more complex texts. Moreover, the study suggested that the superficial nature of much online content contributed to a decline in overall literacy skills.Despite these concerns, some argue that social media can also be a valuable tool for promoting reading. Platforms like Goodreads and Book Riot have gained popularity, allowing book lovers to share recommendations, discuss favorite titles, and even organize virtual book clubs. These communities have the potential to inspire individuals to pick up a book and delve into a new story or topic.1、What is the main topic of the passage?A) The benefits of social mediaB) The decline of traditional reading habitsC) The impact of social media on educationD) The rise of online communities2、According to the passage, what has been a concern regarding the rise of social media?A) The increase in online communitiesB) The decline in reading traditional books and newspapersC) The decrease in critical thinking skillsD) The rise in book sales3、What study mentioned in the passage found about students using social media?A) They spent more time on deep reading activities.B) They were more likely to engage in critical thinking.C) They were less likely to engage in deep reading activities.D) They preferred online content over printed materials.4、How does the passage suggest social media can be a valuable tool for promoting reading?A) By providing concise and easy-to-digest information.B) By encouraging superficial reading habits.C) By allowing book lovers to share recommendations and discuss titles.D) By creating a sense of urgency and distraction.5、What is the overall tone of the passage regarding the impact of socialmedia on reading?A) NegativeB) PositiveC) NeutralD) AmbiguousAnswers:1、B) The decline of traditional reading habits2、B) The decline in reading traditional books and newspapers3、C) They were less likely to engage in deep reading activities.4、C) By allowing book lovers to share recommendations and discuss titles.5、D) Ambiguous三、阅读理解新题型（10分）PassageArtificial Intelligence: A Path to Future Innovation and ChallengesArtificial intelligence (AI) has been a key buzzword in recent years. With the rapid advancement in machine learning algorithms and the increasing availability of big data, AI is transforming nearly every industry and field. AI systems can now perform tasks that were once thought to require human intelligence, such as natural language processing, image recognition, and decision-making. These capabilities are largely due to the development of deep learning neural networks, which enable AI to learn from vast datasets and improveover time.However, as AI continues to grow, it also raises significant ethical and societal concerns. For example, AI could be used to discriminate against certain groups, leading to unfair hiring practices or biased decision-making. Privacy concerns are another major issue, as AI may collect and analyze large amounts of personal data without proper oversight. As AI becomes more integrated into our daily lives, it is crucial for society to address these challenges through a combination of technological advances and policy measures.In this changing landscape, the role of researchers and policymakers is more important than ever. Academics and experts need to continue developing AI technologies that are robust and fair, while policymakers must ensure that AI is used ethically and for the betterment of society.Questions1.What is the primary reason AI is transforming nearly every industry and field?A. The rapid advancement in machine learning algorithms.B. The decreasing cost of big data storage.C. The development of new types of computer processors.D. The improvement in user interface and interaction design.Answer: A. The rapid advancement in machine learning algorithms.2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a concern related to the use of AI?A. Discrimination against certain groups.B. Privacy concerns.C. Job displacement.D. Unfair hiring practices.Answer: C. Job displacement. (Not explicitly mentioned in the passage.)3.What capability has AI demonstrated in recent years?A. Predicting stock market trends.B. Performing tasks requiring human intelligence, such as natural language processing.C. Designing new molecular compounds.D. Creating complex artworks.Answer: B. Performing tasks requiring human intelligence, such as natural language processing.4.What is the role of policymakers in addressing the challenges posed by the integration of AI into society?A. To ensure ethical use of AI.B. To develop AI technologies.C. To collect and analyze personal data.D. To promote the use of AI in industries.Answer: A. To ensure ethical use of AI.5.What is the significance of the role of researchers and experts in this changing landscape?A. To address technological challenges.B. To develop robust and fair AI technologies.C. To control the distribution of AI tools.D. To manage AI-related privacy concerns.Answer: B. To develop robust and fair AI technologies.This passage and the associated questions are designed to test the examinee’s comprehension and analytical skills regarding the topic of artificial intelligence, including its benefits, challenges, and the roles of various stakeholders.四、翻译（本大题有5小题，每小题2分，共10分）第一题中文：Translate the following passage into English.随着互联网的普及，人们获取信息的渠道日益多样化。

浙大考研英语201

浙大考研英语2011、26．—Mary, is this your pen?—No, it isn't. ________ is black. [单选题] *A．MyB．IC．MeD．Mine(正确答案)2、Lucy _______ at 7:00 every day. [单选题] *A. go to schoolB. goes to school(正确答案)C. to go to schoolD. went?to?school3、18．Monica wants to be a _______. She is good at sports and she loves teaching others. [单选题] *A．coach(正确答案)B．secretaryC．architectD．waiter4、In 2019 we moved to Boston,（）my grandparents are living. [单选题] *A. whoB. whenC. where(正确答案)D. for which5、______ the morning of September 8th, many visitors arrived at the train station for a tour.（）[单选题] *A. FromB. ToC. InD. On(正确答案)6、Can you give her some ______ ? [单选题] *A. advice(正确答案)B. suggestionC. advicesD. suggest7、A survey of the opinions of students（）that they admit several hours of sitting in front of the computer harmful to health. [单选题] *A. show；areB. shows ；is(正确答案)C.show；isD.shows ；are8、He has made a lot of films, but ____ good ones. [单选题] *A. anyB. someC. few(正确答案)D. many9、My father and I often go ______ on weekends so I can ______ very well. （）[单选题] *A. swim; swimmingB. swims; swimC. swimming; swimmingD. swimming; swim(正确答案)10、Mrs. Green has given us some _______ on how to study English well. [单选题] *A. practiceB. newsC. messagesD. suggestions(正确答案)11、3．—Will you buy the black car?No, I won't. I will buya(n) ________ one because I don't have enough money. [单选题] *A．cheap(正确答案)B．expensiveC．highD．low12、I want something to eat. Please give me a _______. [单选题] *A. bookB. watchC. shirtD. cake(正确答案)13、69．Online shopping is easy, but ________ in the supermarket usually ________ a lot of time. [单选题] *A．shop; takesB．shopping; takeC．shop; takeD．shopping; takes(正确答案)14、Nowadays schools should care for the full _______ of a student’s talents. [单选题] *A. satisfactionB. development(正确答案)C. communicationD. preparation15、It’s one of _______ means of transportation. [单选题] *A. cheapB. convenientC. second-handD. the most convenient(正确答案)16、Hurry up,?or we’ll _______ class. [单选题] *A. be late for(正确答案)B. late forC. late withD. be late with17、For the whole period of two months, there _____ no rain in this area. Now the crops are dead [单选题] *A. isB. wasC. has been(正确答案)D. have been18、There are many_____desks in the room. [单选题] *rge old brown(正确答案)B.old large brownrge brown oldD.brown old large19、42．—________ meat do you want?—Half a kilo. [单选题] * A．How much(正确答案)B．How manyC．WhatD．Which20、We must try hard to make up for the lost time. [单选题] *A. 弥补(正确答案)B. 利用C. 抓紧D. 浪费21、We’re proud that China _______ stronger and stronger these years. [单选题] *A. will becomeB. becameC. is becoming(正确答案)D. was becoming22、The soldiers would rather die than give in. [单选题] *A. 呈交B. 放弃C. 泄露D. 投降(正确答案)23、38．These workers ___________ this bridge since one year ago. [单选题] * A．buildB．are buildingC．have built (正确答案)D．built24、The traffic jams often happen in _______ hours. [单选题] *A. lunchB. workC. leisureD. rush(正确答案)25、77．You can watch TV when you finish________ your homework. [单选题] * A．to doB．doC．to doingD．doing(正确答案)26、Stephanie _______ going shopping to staying at home. [单选题] *A. prefers(正确答案)B. likesC. preferD. instead27、Can you tell me how the accident _______? [单选题] *A. came about(正确答案)B. came backC. came downD. came from28、--_______ I borrow these magazines?--Sorry, only the magazines over there can be borrowed. [单选题] *A. MustB. WouldC. May(正确答案)D. Need29、Which do you enjoy to spend your weekend, fishing or shopping? [单选题] *China'shigh-speed railways _________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past fewyears.A. are growing(正确答案)B. have grownC. will growD. had grown30、If the manager had to choose between the two, he would say John was _____ choice. [单选题] *A. goodB. the bestC. betterD. the better(正确答案)。

2024年考研英语一真题及参考答案

2024年全国硕⼠研究⽣招⽣考试英语（⼀）（科⽬代码：201）☆考⽣注意事项☆1.答题前，考上须在试题册指定位置上填写考⽣编号和考⽣姓名；在答题卡指定位置上填写报考单位、考⽣姓名和考⽣编号，并涂写考⽣编号信息点。

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不按规定粘贴条码⽽影响评卷结果的，责任由考⽣负责。

3.选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，⾮选择题的答案必须书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。

超出答题区域书写的答案⽆效；在草稿纸、试卷册上答题⽆效。

4.填（书）写部分必须使⽤⿊⾊字迹签字笔书写，字迹⼯整、笔迹清晰；涂写部分必须使⽤2B铅笔填涂。

5.考试结束。

将答题卡和试题册按规定交回。

（以下信息考⽣必须认真填写）考⽣编号考⽣姓名2024年全国硕⼠研究⽣⼊学统⼀考试考研英语⼀试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A.B.C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)There's nothing more welcoming than opening a door for you.1the need to be touched to open or close,automatic doors are essential in 2.disabled access to buildings and helping provide general3to commercial buildings.Self-sliding doors began to emerge as a commercial product in1960after being invented six years4by two Americans Dee Horton and Lew Hewitt.They5as a novelty feature,but as their use has grown.their6have extended within our technologically advanced world.Particularly7in busy locations and during times of emergency,the doors8crowd management by reducing the obstacles put in people's way.9making access both in and out buildings easier for people,the difference in the way many of these doors open helps to reduce the total area10by them. Automatic doors often open to the side,with the panels sliding across one another Replacing swing doors,these11smaller buildings to maximise the usable space inside without having to12the way for a large,sticking-out door.There are many different types of automatic door,with each13specific signals to tell them when to open.14these methods differ,the main15remain the same.Each automatic door system16the light,sound weight or movement in their vicinity as a signal.Sensor-types are chosen to17the different environments they are needed in.18a busy road might not19a motion-sensored door,as it would constantly be opening for passers-by.A pressure-sensitive mat would be more20 to limit the surveyed area.1.[A]Though[B]Despite[C]Besides[D]Without2.[A]revealing[B]demanding[C]improving[D]tracing3.[A]experience[B]convenience[C]guidance[D]reference4.[A]previously[B]temporarily[C]successively[D]eventually5.[A]held on[B]started out[C]settled down[D]went by6.[A]relations[B]volumes[C]benefits[D]sources7.[A]useful[B]simple[C]flexible[D]stable8.[A]call for[B]yield to[C]insist on[D]act as9.[A]As well as[B]In terms of[C]Thanks to[D]Rather than10.[A]connected[B]shared[C]represented[D]occupied11.[A]allow[B]expect[C]require[D]direct12.[A]adopt[B]lead[C]clear[D]change13.[A]adapting to[B]deriving from[C]relying on[D]pointing at14.[A]Once[B]Since[C]Unless[D]Although15.[A]records[B]positions[C]principles[D]resources16.[A]controls[B]analyses[C]produces[D]mixes17.[A]decorate[B]compare[C]protect[D]complement18.[A]In conclusion[B]By contrast[C]For example[D]Above all19.[A]identify[B]suit[C]secure[D]include20.[A]appropriate[B]obvious[C]impressive[D]delicate答案：1-10：DCBAB CADAD11-20：ACCDC BDCBASectionⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A.B.C.or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)Text1Nearly2000years ago,as the Romans began to pull out of Scotland,they left behind a curious treasure:10tons of nails,nearly a million of the things.The nail hoard was discovered in1960in a four-metre-deep pit covered by two metres of gravel.Why had the Romans buried a million nails?The likely explanation is that the withdrawal was rushed,and they didn't want the local Caledonians getting their hands on10tons of weapons grade iron.The Romans buried the nails so deep that theywould not be discovered for almost two millennia.Later civilizations would value the skilled blacksmith's labour in a nail even more than the raw material.As Roma Agrawal explains in her new delightful book Nuts and Bolts,early17th-century Virginians would sometimes burn down their homes if they were planning to relocate.This was an attempt to recover the valuable nails,which could be reused after sifting the ashes.The idea that one might burn down an entire house just to reclaim the nails underlines how scarce,costly and valuable the simple-seeming technology was.The price of nails fell by90%between the late1700s and mid-1900s.as economist Daniel Sichel points out in a research paper.According to Sichel,although the falling price of nails was driven partly by cheaper iron and cheaper energy,most of the credit goes to nail manufacturers who simply found more efficient ways to turn steel into nails.Nails themselves have changed over the years.but Sichel studied them because they haven't clanged much.Roman lamps and Roman chariots are very different from LED strips and sports cars,but Roman nails are still clearly nails.It would be absurd to try to track the changing price of sports cars since1695,but to ask the same question of nails makes perfect sense.I make no apology for being obsessed by a particular feature of everyday objects: their price.I am an economist,after all.After writing two books about the history of inventions,one thing I've learnt is that while it is the enchantingly sophisticated technologies that get all the hype.it's the cheap technologies that change the world.The Gutenberg printing press transformed civilisation not by changing the nature of writing but by changing is cost-and it would have achieved limit without a parallel collapse in the paper of surfaces to write on,thanks to an with oven looked technology called apor Solar panels had a few niche uses until they became cheap; now they are transforming the global energy system.21.Romans buried the nails probably for the sake of.[A]saving them for future use[B]keeping them from rusting[C]letting them grew in value[D]hiding them from locals22.The example of early17th-century Virginians is used to.[A]highlight the thriftiness of early American colonists[B]illustrate the high status of blacksmiths in that period[C]contrast the attitudes of different civilizations toward nails[D]show the preciousness of nail-making technology at that time23.What played the major role in lowering the price of nail after the late1700?[A]Increased productivity[B]wider use of new energies[C]Fierce market competition[D]reduced cost of raw material24.It can be learned from Paragraph5that nails.[A]have undergone many technological improvements[B]have remained basically the same since Roman times[C]are less studied than other everyday product[D]are one of the world's most significant inventions25.Which of the following one best summaries the last2paragraphs?[A]cheap technologies bring about revolutionary change[B]technological innovation is integral to economic success[C]technology defines people's understanding of the world[D]Sophisticated technology developed small inventions答案21-25：DDABAText2Parenting tips obtained from hunter-gatherers in Africa may be the key to bringing up more contented children,researchers have suggested.The idea is based on studies of communities such as the Kung of Botswana.where each child is cored of by many adults Kung children as young as four will help to look after younger ones and"baby-wearing",in which infants are carried in slings,is considered the norm.According to Dr Nikhil Chaudhary,an evolutionary anthropologist at Cambridge University.these practices,knows as alloparenting,could lead to less anxiety for children and parents.Dr Annie Swanepoel,a child psychiatrist,believes that there are ways to incorporate them into western life.In Germany,one scheme has paired an old people'shome with a nursery.The residents help to look after the children,an arrangement akin to alloparenting.Another measure could be encouraging friendships between children in different school years to mimic the super vised mixed-age play groups in hunter-gatherer communities.In a paper published in the Journal of child Psychology and Psychiatry, researchers said that the western nuclear family was a recent invention which broke with evolutionary history.This abrupt shift to an"intensive mothering narrative" which suggests that mothers should manage child care alone,was likely to have been harmful."Such narratives can lead to maternal exhaustion and have dangerous consequences."they wrote.By contrast,in hunter-gatherer societies adults other than the parents can provide almost half of a child's care.One previous study looked at the people of the Democratic Republic of Congo.It found that infants had an average of14all parents a day by the time they were18weeks old and were passed between care givers eight times an hour.Chaudhary said that parents now had less child care support from family and social networks than during most of humans evolutionary history,but introducing additional caregivers could reduce stress and maternal depression,which could have a"knock-on"benefit to child's wellbeing.And infant born to a hunter-gatherer society could have more than ten caregivers-this contrasts starkly to nursery setting in the UK where regulation can for a ratio of one carer to four children aged two to three.While hunter-gatherer children learn from observation and imitation in mixed-age playgroups,researchers said that western"instructive teaching",where pupils are asked to sit still.many contribute to conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Chaudhary said that Britain should explore the possibility that older siblings helping their parents might also enhance their own social development.26.According to the first two paragraphs,alloparenting refers to the practice of.[A]sharing childcare among community members[B]assigning babies to specific adult categories[C]teaching parenting skills to older children[D]carrying infants around by their parents27.The scheme in Germany is mentioned to illustrate.[A]an attempt to facilitate intergenerational communication[B]an approach to integrating into western society[C]the conventional parenting style in western culture[D]the differences between western and African ways of living28.According to paragraph4,the“intensive mothering narrative.[A]alleviates parenting pressures[B]consolidates family relationships[C]results in the child-centered family[D]departs from the course of evolution29.what can be inferred about the nurseries in the UK?[A]They tend to fall short of official requirements.[B]They have difficulty finding enough caregivers.[C]They ought to improve their career-to-child ratio.[D]They should try to prevent parental depression.30.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A]Instructive teaching:a dilemma for anxious parents[B]For a happier family learn from the hunter gatherers[C]Mixed-aged playgroup.a better choice for lonely children[D]Tracing the history of parenting:from Africa to Europe答案26-30：ABDCBText3Rutkowski is a Polish digital artist who uses classical painting styles to create dreamy fantasy landscapes.He has made illustrations for games such as Sony's Horizon Forbidden West,Ubisoft's Anno,Dungeons&Dragons,and Magic:The Gathering.And he's become a sudden hit in the new world of text-to-image AI generation.His distinctive style is now one of the most commonly used prompts in the new open-source AI art generator Stable Diffusion,which was launched late last month. The tool,along with other popular image-generation AI models,allows anyone to create impressive images based on text prompts.For example,type in"Wizard with sword and a glowing orb of magic fire fights a fierce dragon Greg Rutkowski."and the system will produce something that looks not a million miles away from works inRutkowski's style.But these open-source programs are built by scraping images from the Internet, often without permission and proper attribution to artists.As a result,they are raising tricky questions about ethics and copyright.And artists like Rutkowski have had enough.According to the website Lexica,which tracks over10million images and prompts generated by Stable Diffusion,Rutkowski's name has been used as a prompt around93,000times.Some of the world's most famous artists.such as Michelangelo, Pablo Picasso,and Leonardo da Vinci,brought up around2,000prompts each or less. Rutkowski's name also features as a prompt thousands of times in the Discord of another text-to-image generator.Midjourney.Rutkowski was initially surprised but thought it might be a good way to reach new audiences.Then he tried searching for his name to see if a piece he had worked on had been published.The online search brought back work that had his name attached to it but wasn't his."It's been just a month.What about in a year?I probably won't be able to find my work out there because[the internet]will be flooded with AI art."Rutkowski says. "That's concerning.""There is a coalition growing within artist industries to figure out how to tackle or mitigate this.says Ortiz.The group is in its early days of mobilization,which could involve pushing for new policies or regulation.One suggestion is that AI models could be trained on images in the public domain,and AI companies could forge partnerships with museums and artists,Ortiz says.31.what can be learned about Rutkowski from the first two paragraphs?[A]He is enthusiastic about using AI models.[B]He is popular with user of an AI art generator.[C]He attracts admiration tram other illustrators.[D]He specializes in classical painting digitalization.32.The problem with open-source AI art generators is that they.[A]lack flexibility in responding to prompts[B]produce artworks in unpredictable styles[C]make unauthorized use of online images[D]collect user information without consent33.After searching online,Rutkowski found.[A]a unique way to reach audiences[B]A new method to identity AI images[C]AI-generated work bearing his name[D]heated disputes regarding his copyright34.According to Ortiz,AI companies are advised to.[A]campaign for new policies or regulation[B]offer their services to public institutions[C]strengthen their relationship with AI users[D]adopt a different strategy for AI model training35.What is the text mainly about?[A]Artists'responses to AI art generation[B]AI's expanded role in artistic creation[C]Privacy issues in the application of AI[D]Opposing views on AI development答案31-35：BCCDAText4The miracle of the Chesapeake Bay lies not in its depths,but in the complexity of its natural construction.the interaction of fresh and saline waters.and the mix of land and water.The shallows provide homes for hundreds of species while storing floodwaters,filtering pollutants from water.and protecting nearby communities from potentially destructive storms urges.All this was put at great risk late last month,when the U.S.Supreme Court issued a ruling in an Idaho case that provides the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)far less authority to regulate wetlands and waterways.Specifically,a 5-4majority decided that wetlands protected by the EPA under its Clean Water Act authority must have a"continuous surface connection to bodies of water."This narrowing of the regulatory scope was a victor for builders.mining operators and other commercial interests often at odds with environmental rules.And it carries "significant repercussions for water quality and flood control throughout the United States."as Justice Brett Kavanaugh observed.In Maryland,the good news is that there are many state laws in place that providewetlands protections.But that's a very shortsighted view,particularly when it comes to the Chesapeake Bay.The reality is that water.and the pollutants that so often come with it,don't respect state boundaries.The Chesapeake draws from a 64,000-square-mile watershed that extends into Virginia.Pennsylvania.New York, West Virginia.the District of Columbia and Delaware.Will those jurisdictions extend the same protections now denied under Sackett V.EPA?Perhaps some,but all?That seems unlikely.It is too easy,and misleading,to see such court rulings as merely standing up for the rights of land owners when the consequences can be so dire for their neighbors. And it's are minder that the EPA's involvement in the Chesapeake Bay Program has long been crucial as the means to transcend the influence of deep-pocketed special interests in neighboring states Pennsylvania farmers,to use one telling example,aren't thinking about next year's blue crab harvest in Maryland when they decide whether to spread animal waste on their field,yet the runoff into nearby creeks can have enormous impact downstream.And so we would call on state lawmakers from Richmond to Albany to consider reviewing their own wetlands protections and see for themselves the enormous stake!involved.We can offer them a visit to Black water National Wildlife Refuge in Dorchester County where bald eagles fly over tidal marshes so shallow you could not paddle a boat across them but teaming with aquatic life.It's worth the scenic drive.36.The Chesapeake Bay is described in paragraph1as.[A]a valuable natural environment[B]a controversial conservation area[C]a place with commercial potential[D]a headache for nearby communities37.The U.S.Supreme Court's ruing in the Idaho case.[A]reinforces water pollution control[B]weakens the EPA's regulatory power[C]will end conflicts among local residents[D]may face opposition from mining operators38.How does the author fell about future of the Chesapeake Bay?[A]worried[B]Puzzled[C]Relieved[D]Encouraged39.What can be inferred about the EPA's involvement in the chesapeake Bay Program?[A]It has restored the balance among neighboring jurisdictions.[B]It has triggered a radical reform in commercial fisheries.[C]It has set a fine example of respecting state authorities.[D]It has ensured the coordination of protection efforts.40.The author holds that the state lawmakers should.[A]be cautious about the influence of landowners[B]attach due importance to wetlands protections[C]recognize the need to expand wildlife refuges[D]improve the wellbeing of endangered species答案36-40：ABADBPart BDirections:Choose the best statement from the list A-G for each numbered name (41-45).There are two extra choices which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)41.HannahSimply there are people in Nigeria who cannot travel to the Smithsonian Institution to see that part of their history and culture represented by the Benin Bronzes.These should be available to them as part of their cultural heritage and history and as a source of national pride.These is no good reason that these artifacts should be beyond the ordinary reach of the educational objectives or inspiration of the generations to which they were left.They serve no purpose in a museum in the United States or elsewhere except as curious objects.They cannot be compared to works of art produced for sale which can be passed from hand to hand and place by purchase.42.BuckWe know very exact reproductions of artwork can be and are regularly produced. Perhaps museums and governments might explore some role for the use of nearlyexact reproductions as a means of resolving issues relating to returning works of art and antiquities.The context of any exhibit is more important to me than whether the object being displayed is2000years old or2months old.In many cases the experts have a hard time agreeing on what is the real object and what is a forgery.Again,the story an exhibit is trying to tell is what matters.The monetary value of the object on display is a distant second place in importance.43.SaraWhen visiting the Baltimore Museum of Art,I came across a magnificent 15th-century Chinese sculpture.It inspired me to learn more about the culture that it represented.Artifacts in museums have the power to inspire.and perhaps spark that need to learn and understand the nature of their creators.Having said that.I do feel that whatever artifacts find their way to public museum should,in fact,be sanctioned as having been obtained on loan,legally purchased or obtained by treaty.Stealing artifacts from other peoples'cultures is obscene;it robs not only the physical objects, but the dignity and spirit of their creators.44.VictorAncient art that is displayed in foreign countries by all means should be returned to the original country.The foreign countries have no right to hold back returning the items.I would ask that the foreign nations and the original country discuss the terms of transfer.Yes,there is the risk that the original will not have as good security as do the foreign-countries.But look at what happened to Boston's Gardner Museum theft in1990,including the loss of Rembrandt Vermeer,Manet and other masterpiece. Nothing is absolutely safe nowhere,and now Climate Change agitators are attacking publicly displayed work in European museum.45.JuliaTo those of you in the comments section who are having strong feelings about artifacts being removed from cities in the US and Britain and returned to their countries of origin.I would ask you to consider:why do you think Americans have more of a right to easily access the Benin Bronzes than people of Nigeria?Why are people who live within a days drive of London entitled to go and see the Elgin Marbles wherever they want.but the people of Athens aren't?What intrinsic factors make the West a suitable home for these artifacts but preclude them from being preserved and displayed by their countries of origin?If your conclusion is that the West is better able to preserve these artifacts,think about why you're assuming that to be true.[A]It is clear that the countries of origin have never been compensated for the stolen artifacts.[B]It is a flawed line of reasoning to argue against returning artifacts to their countries of origin.[C]Museum visitors can still learn as much from artifacts'copies after the originals.[D]Reproductions,even if perfectly mode,cannot take the place of the authentic object.[E]The real value of artifacts can only be recognized in their countries of origin rather than anywhere else.[F]Ways to get artifacts from other countries must be decent and lawful.[G]Concern over security is no excuse for refusing to return artifacts to their countries of origin.答案41-45：ECFGBPart CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET(10points)"Elephants never forget"-or so they-and that piece of folklore seems to have some foundation.The African savanna elephants,also known as the Africa bush elephants,is distributed across37African counties.They move between a variety of habitats,including forests, grassland,woodlands,wetlands.(46)They sometimes travel more than sixty miles to find food or water,and are very good at working out where other elephants are-even when they are out of sight.What is more,they almost always seem to choose the nearest waterhole.(47)The researchers are convinced that the elephants always know precisely where they are in relation to all the resources the need.and can therefore take shortcuts,as well as following familiar routes.Although the cues used by African elephants for long-distance navigation are not yet understood,smell may well play a part.Elephants are very choosy eaters,but until recently little was known about how they selected their food.(48)One possibility was that they merely used their eves and tried out the plants they found,but that would probably result in a lot of wasted timeand energy,not least because their eyesight is actually not very good.(49)The volatile chemicals produced by plants can be carried a long way,and they are very characteristic:Each plant or tree has its own particular odor signature.What is more,they can be detected even where they are not actually visible.New research suggests that smell is a crucial factor in guiding elephants-and probably other herbivores-to the best food resources.The researchers first established what kinds of plant the elephants preferred either to cat or avoid when foraging freely.They then set up a food station experiment,in which they gave the elephants a series of choices based only on smell.(50)The experiment showed that elephants may well use smell to identify patches of trees that are good to eat.And secondly to assess the quality of the trees within each patch. Free-ranging elephants presumably also use this information to locate their preferred food.Their well-developed hippocampal structures may enable elephants,like rats and people,to construct cognitive maps.答案：46.【译⽂】它们有时会跋涉60多英⾥去寻找⻝物或⽔，并且⾮常善于找出其他⼤象在哪⾥——即使这些⼤象在视线之外。

陕西省人教版英语单词表-七年级上册

/help/
7上U3
158 adj. 受欢迎的
welcome
/'welkəm/ 7上U3
159
别客气。
You're welcome.
7上U3
160 n. 棒球
baseball
/'beisbɔ:l/ 7上U3
161 n. 表；手表 162 n. 计算机；电脑 163 n. 游戏；运动；比赛
watch computer game
/fə:st/
7上U1 7上U1 7上U1
94
名字
first name
7上U1
95 adj. 最后的；末尾的
last
/la:st/
7上U1
96
姓
last name
7上U1
97
n. 朋友
friend
/frend/
7上U1
98
n. 中国
China
/'tʃainə/
7上U1
99 adj./n. 中间的/中间
purple
52 adj.&n. 棕色（的）；褐色（的）
brown
53
art.
指已提到或易领会到的人或事
物
the
54 adv. 现在；目前
now
55
v. 理解；明白
see
56 modal v. 能；会
can
57
v. 说；讲
say
58 pron. 我的
my
59
（尤指服装的尺码）小号的 S
60
（尤指服装的尺码）中号的 M
44
n. 颜色（=colour）
color
45 adj.&n. 红色（的）

201英语一考试大纲

201英语一考试大纲一、考试目的与要求本考试旨在评估学生对英语语言知识的掌握程度，以及运用英语进行听说读写的能力。

考试要求学生能够熟练运用英语进行日常交流，理解并分析英语文本，以及撰写英语文章。

二、考试内容与结构考试内容分为四个部分：听力、阅读、写作和翻译。

1. 听力（Listening）- 短对话：理解日常对话中的基本信息和隐含意义。

- 长对话：理解对话中的复杂信息，包括细节、主旨和观点。

- 短文理解：理解短文中的主要信息和细节，以及作者的观点和态度。

2. 阅读（Reading）- 快速阅读：快速获取文章的主旨大意。

- 阅读理解：深入理解文章内容，包括细节理解、推理判断和主旨概括。

- 完形填空：在理解文章大意的基础上，填入合适的词汇，使文章完整。

3. 写作（Writing）- 应用文写作：撰写书信、通知、摘要等应用文。

- 议论文写作：就某一话题发表观点，进行论证。

4. 翻译（Translation）- 英译汉：将英语句子或段落翻译成汉语，要求准确、流畅。

- 汉译英：将汉语句子或段落翻译成英语，要求准确、地道。

三、考试形式与题型考试形式为闭卷笔试，题型包括选择题、填空题、简答题和翻译题。

1. 选择题：包括听力选择题和阅读理解选择题。

2. 填空题：包括完形填空题。

3. 简答题：包括对阅读材料的理解和分析。

4. 翻译题：包括英译汉和汉译英。

四、考试时间与分值考试总时长为120分钟，总分为100分。

各部分分值分配如下：- 听力：30分- 阅读：30分- 写作：20分- 翻译：20分五、考试准备建议1. 加强听力训练，提高对英语语音、语调和语速的适应能力。

2. 广泛阅读，提高阅读速度和理解能力，培养快速获取信息的能力。

3. 练习写作，提高英语表达和组织文章的能力。

4. 学习翻译技巧，提高英汉互译的准确性和流畅性。

六、考试评分标准1. 听力部分：根据学生对听力材料的理解程度和答题准确性评分。

2. 阅读部分：根据学生对文章的理解深度和答题的准确性评分。

201英语一考研真题

201英语一考研真题IntroductionThe English subject is one of the key subjects in the annual National Postgraduate Entrance Examination (NPEE) in China. In this article, we will analyze and discuss the 201 English Language and Literature Exam (Exam Code: English 1) from the NPEE and explore the topics and question types that appeared in the exam.Section 1: Reading ComprehensionPart A: Multiple-choice QuestionsIn this section, the exam included a series of reading passages, each followed by several multiple-choice questions. The students were required to carefully read each passage and select the best answer from the given options. The questions varied in difficulty and tested the students' comprehension, inference, and interpretation skills.Part B: True or False StatementsThe students were presented with a series of statements and had to determine whether each statement was true or false, based on the information provided in the corresponding reading passages. This section aimed to evaluate the students' ability to extract specific details and factual information from the given texts.Section 2: Vocabulary and StructureThis section assessed the students' understanding and command over English vocabulary, idiomatic expressions, grammar rules, and sentencestructures. The questions consisted of fill-in-the-blank exercises, sentence completion tasks, and identifying errors in the given sentences. The students were required to demonstrate their knowledge of vocabulary and grammar in a contextual manner.Section 3: Cloze TestIn the cloze test section, the students encountered a passage with several gaps, and their task was to fill in those gaps with the appropriate words or phrases based on the context. This section tested the students' ability to understand the overall meaning of the passage and choose the most suitable vocabulary and grammar structures to complete the text.Section 4: TranslationThis section assessed the students' ability to accurately translate sentences from Chinese to English. The sentences covered a range of topics, including literature, sociology, and cultural references, challenging the students' language skills and knowledge of both languages.Section 5: WritingThe writing section required the students to write an essay on a given topic within a specific time limit. The 201 English Language and Literature Exam provided a prompt that required the students to express their opinions and support them with relevant arguments and examples. This section evaluated the students' ability to organize and present their ideas effectively in written form.ConclusionThe 201 English Language and Literature Exam in the NPEE aims to assess the students' overall English language skills, including reading comprehension, vocabulary, grammar, translation, and writing abilities. By analyzing the different sections and question types, students can better understand the requirements and expectations of the exam. Preparation and practice in these areas are essential for success in the NPEE and for further academic pursuits in English language and literature studies.。