新四级样题1
大学英语四级考试2024年6月真题(第一套)及答案解析
大学英语四级考试2024年6月真题(第一套)Part I Writing(30minutes) Directions:Suppose your university is seeking students'opinions on whether university libraries should be open to the public.You are now to write an essay to express your view.You will have30minutesfor the task.You should write at least120words but no more than180words.PartⅡListening Comprehension(25minutes) Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end ofeach news report,you will hear two or three questions.Both the news report and the questions will bespoken only once.Afier you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions1and2are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)Due to a fire alarm in their apartments.B)Because of the smoke and heat damage2.A)Investigating the cause of the incident.B)Helping search for the suspect of the crime.C)Due to the water used to extinguish the flames.D)Becauseof the collapse of the three-story building.C)Rescuing the businessmen trapped in the building.D)Checking town records for the property developer.Questions3and4are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)It plays a less important role in one's health than nutrient intake.B)It impacts people's health to a lesser degree than sun exposure.C)It is associated with people's mental health conditionsD)It is linked with older adults'symptoms ofdepression4.A)It was indefinite C)It was straightforward.B)It was systematic.D)It was insignificant. Questions5to7are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)It has helped solve several murder cases.B)It has become a star police dog in Beijing6.A)To speed up investigation into criminal cases.B)To test the feasibility of cloning technology.7.A)Cloning is too complicated a processB)The technology is yet to be accepted C)It has surpassed its mother in performance.D)It has done better than naturally born dogs.C)To cut down training expensesD)To reduce their training time.C)Cloning is ethically controversial.D)The technology is too expensive.Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end ofeach conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will bespoken only once.After you hear a question,you1·2024年6月四级真题(第一套)·must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.Questions8to11are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)He read it somewhere online.B)He heard about it from a coworker.9.A)His publications.B)His first book.10.A)Collect a lot more data.B)Relax a bit less often.11.A)Find out the show's most interesting episodesB)Watch the series together with the woman.C)He read an article reviewing it.D)He watched a TV series based on it.C)His addressD)His name.C)Clarify many new conceptsD)Read more reference books.C)Get an e-Copy of the book to read.D)Check to see when the show starts.Questions12to15are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)To check the prices of his farm produce.B)To ask the way to the Newcastle City Hall.13.A)Bakers.B)Vendors14.A)The issuing of certificates to vendors.B)The completion of the baking task.15.A)The closing date of submission.C)To inquire about the vegetarian food festival.D)To seekthe man's help with her work on the farm.C)Vegetarians.D)OrganisersC)The festival they are organising.D)The deadline for application.C)The details of the ceremonyB)The website of his company.D)The organiser'saddressSection CDirections:In this section,you will hearthre passages.At the end ofeach passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.Afteryou hear a question,you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centreQuestions16to18are based on the passage you havejust heard.16.A)Most scenic sites have been closed.B)Access to official campsites is limited17.A)It is strongly opposed by nearby residentsB)It leads to much waste of public money18.A)Look for open land in ScotlandB)Leave no trace of their camping C)Health experts advise going outdoors.D)People have more time during the summer.C)It has caused environmental concernsD)It has created conflicts among campers.C)Avoid getting close to wilderness.D)Ask for permission from authorities.Questions19to21are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)They outcompete mythical creatures.B)They usually mind their own business.·2024年6月四级真题(第一套)·C)They truly exist in the AmazonregionD)They resemble alarmingly large snakes 220.A)Scar tissue from dolphins'fighting.B)Skin infection from water pollution.21.A)It has been shrinking at an astonishing pace.C)Unhealed wounds from snake bites.D)Swimming along in seasonal floods.B)It has been placed under international protection.C)It has been appealing to both freshwater and sea dolphinsD)It has been abandoned as a battleground for male dolphins.Questions22to25are based on the passageyou have just heard.22.A)About58%of young adults call parental support the new normal.B)Most adult children enjoy increasing sources of financial supportC)A full70%of the young adults cannot afford to buy a car by themselves.D)Most early adults cannot sustain their lifestyles without parental support23.A)It renders them dependent.C)It makes them mentally immature.B)It causes them to lose dignity.D)It hinders them from getting ahead.24.A)It challenges one's willpower C)It calls for due assistance.B)It results from education.D)It defines adulthood.25.A)Current lifestyles C)College loansB)Poor budgeting.D)Emergency expensesPartⅢReading Comprehension(40minutes) Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one wordfor each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter:Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.It's well known that physical exercise is beneficial not just to physical health but also to mental health.Yet whereas most countries have26evidence-backed guidelines on the type and intensity of exercise27for various physical health benefits,such guidelines do not yet exist for exercise and mood. This is28due to a lack of necessary evidence.However,a new systematic review brings us usefully up-to-date on the current findings in this area.Before29into some of the key take-aways,an important30made in the review is between aerobic exercise and anaerobic.The former31such things as walking,jogging and cycling and means exercising in such a way that your body is able to use oxygen to burn fat for energy.In contrast,anaerobic exercise—such as lifting heavy weights—is of such32intensity that your body does not have time to use oxygen to create energy and so instead it breaksdown glucose(葡萄糖)in your blood or muscles.Beginning first with the influence of exercise intensity on the mood benefits of aerobic exercise,the researchers,led by John Chan at Shenzhen University,found33resultsfrom19relevant studies.Some3·2024年6月四级真题(第一套)·favoured higher intensity,others low,while seven studies found that intensity made no34_to mood benefits.In relation to the intensity of anaerobic exercise,however,the results were far clearer—the optimum (最佳选择)for improving mood is35intensity,perhaps because low intensity is too dull while high intensity is too unpleasantA)constitutesB)contradictoryC)decisionD)detailedE)differenceF)dippingG)distinctionH)falling I)involves J)moderate K)notified L)partlyM)required N)traditionally O)vigorousSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by markingthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.Why DoAmericans Work So Much?A)How will we all keep busy when we only have to work15hours a week?That was the question that worriedthe British economist John Maynard Keynes when he wrote his short essay“Economic Possibilities for Our Grandchildren”in1930.Over the next century,he predicted,the economy would become so productive that people would barely need to work at all.For a while,it looked like Keynes was right.In1930the average working week was47hours in the United States.But by1970,the number of hours Americans worked on average had fallen to slightly less than39.B)But then something changed.Instead of continuing to decline,the duration of the working week remainedstable.It has stayed at just below40hours for nearly five decades.So what happened?Why are people working just as much today as in1970?C)There would be no mystery in this if Keynes had been wrong about the power of technology to increase theeconomy's productivity,which he thought would lead to a standard of living“between four and eight times as high as it is today.”But Keynes got that right:Technology has made the economy massively more productive.According to Benjamin M.Friedman,an economistat Harvard,the U.S.economy is right ontrack to reach Keynes's eight-fold(八倍)multiple by2029.That is a century after the last data Keynes wouldhave had access to.D)In a new paper,Friedman tries to figure out why that increased productivity has not translated into increasedleisure time.Perhaps people just never feel materially satisfied,always wanting more money to buy the next ·2024年6月四级真题(第一套)·4new thing.This is a theory that appeals to many economists.“This argument is,at best,far from sufficient,”he writes.If that were the case,why did the duration of the working week decline in the first place?E)Another theory Friedman considers is that,in an era of ever fewer settings that provide effectiveopportunitiesfor personal connections and relationships,people may place more value on the socializing that happens at work.There is support for this theory.Many people today consider colleagues as friends.But Friedman argues that the evidence for this theory is far from conclusive.Many workers report that they would like to spend more time with family,rather than at work.Furthermore,this theory cannot explain the change in trend in the U.S.working week in the1970s.F)A third possibility proves more convincing for Friedman.That is:American inequality means that the gainsof increasing productivity are not widely shared by everyone.In other words,most Americans are too poor to work less.Unlike the other two explanations Friedman considers,this one fits chronologically(按年代).Inequality declined in America during the period following World War II,along with the duration of the working week.But since the early1970s it has risen dramatically.G)Keynes's prediction of a shorter working week rests on the idea that the standard of living would continuerising for everyone.But Friedman says that this is not what has happened.Although Keynes's eight-fold figure holds up for the economy as a whole,it is not at all the case for the median(中位数的)American worker.For them,output by2029is likely to be around3.5times what it was when Keynes was writing.This is a bit below his four-to eight-fold predicted rangeH)This can be seen in the median worker's income over this time period,complete with a shift in1973that fitsin precisely with when the working week stopped shrinking.According to Friedman,between1947and1973 the average hourly wage for normal workers(those who were not in management roles)in private industries other than agriculture nearly doubled in terms of what their money could buy.But by2013the average hourly wage for ordinary workers had fallen5percent from the1973level in terms of actual purchasing power.Thus,though American incomes may have gone up since1973,the amount that American workers can actually buy with their money has gone down.For most Americans,then,the magic of increasing productivity stopped working around1973.Thus,they had to keep working just as much in order to maintain their standard of livingI)What Keynes predicted was a very optimistic version of what economists call technological unemployment.This is the idea that less labor will be necessary because machines can do somuch.In Keynes's vision,the resulting unemployment would be distributed more or less evenly across society in the form of increased leisure.But Friedman says that,for Americans,reality is much darker.Americans now have a labor market in which millions of people—those with fewer skills and less education—are seeking whatever poorly paid work they can get.This is confirmed by a recent poll that found that,for half of hourly workers,their top concern is not that they work too much but that they work too little.This is most likely not because they like their jobs so much.Rather,we can assume it is because they need the money.J)This explanation leaves an important question.If the very rich—the workers who have reaped above-average gains from the increased productivity since Keynes's time—can afford to work less,why do they continue to work so much?(Indeed,research has shown that the highest earners in America tend to work the most.)5·2024年6月四级真题(第一套)·Friedman believes that for many top earners,work is a labor of love.They are doing work they care about and are interested in,and doing more of it is not necessarily a burden.For them,it may even be a pleasure.These top earners derive meaning from their jobs and work is an important part of how they think of themselves.And,of course,they are compensated for it at a level that makes it worth their while.K)Friedman concludes that the prosperity(繁荣)Keynes predicted is here.After all,the economy as a whole has grown even more brilliantly than he expected.But for most Americans,that prosperity is nowhere to be seen.And,as a result,neither are those shorter working weeks.36.Some people view socializing at the workplace as a chance to develop personal relationships.37.As ordinary American workers'average hourly pay had decreased despite increasing productivity,they had towork just as manyhours as before to keep their living standards.38.American workers'average weekly workingtime has not changed for nearly half a century.39.Friedman believes inequality in the rgely explains why increasing productivity has not resulted inreduced working hours.40.Many economists assume people's thirst for material things has prevented them from enjoying more leisuretime.41.An economist'sprediction about a shorter average working week seemed to be correct for a time in the20thcentury.42.In the bor market,the primary concern of people with less schooling and fewer skills is to secure anyemployment even if it is low-paid.43.Keynes was right in predicting that technology would make the economy much more productive.44.Many of the highest earners have a keen interest in and love for what they are doing45.According to Keynes,there would be a shorter working week with everyone's standard of living continuingtorise.Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Eachpassage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.Lao Zi once said,“Care about what other people think and you will always be their prisoner.”People-pleasing,or seeking self-worth through others'approval,is unproductive and an exhausting way to go through life.Why do we allow what others think of us to have so much power over how we feel about ourselves?If it's true that you can't please all people all of the time,wouldn't it make sense to stop trying?Unfortunately,sense often isn't driving our behavior.For social beings who desire love and belonging, wanting to be liked,and caring about the effect we have on others,is healthy and allows us to make connections.·2024年6月四级真题(第一套)·6However,where we get into trouble is when our self-worth is dependent upon whether we win someone's approval or not.This need to be liked can be traced back to when we were children and werecompletely dependent on others to take care of us:Small children are not just learning how to walk and communicate,they are alsotrying to learn how the world works.We learn about who we are and what is expected of us based on interactions with others so,to a four-year-old,if Mommy or Daddy doesn't like him or her,there is the danger that they will abandon them.We need to understand that when we desperately want someone to approveof us,it's being driven by that little kid part of us that is still terrified of abandonment.As you become more capable of providing yourself with the approval you seek,your need for external validation will start to vanish,leaving you stronger,more confident,and yes,happier in your life.Imagine how much time we lose each moment we restrainour authentic selves in an effort to be liked.If we base our worth on the opinions of others,we cheat ourselves of the power to shape our experiences and embrace life not only for others but also for ourselves,becauseultimately,there is no difference.So embrace the cliché(老话)and loveyourself as it's highly doubtful that you'll regret it.46.What can we conclude from Lao Zi's quotation?A)We should seethrough otherpeople's attempt to make a prisonerof us.B)We can never really please other people even if we try as hard as we can.C)We can never be truly free if taking to heart others'opinion of us.D)We should care about other people's view as much as they care about our own.47.What will happen if we base our self-worth on other people's approval?A)Our desire to be loved will be fulfilled.C)Our identity as social beings will be affected.B)Our life will be unfruitful and exhausting D)Our sense of self will be sharpened and enhanced.48.What may account for our need to be liked or approved of?A)Our desperate longing for interactions with others.C)Our knowledge about the pain of abandonment.B)Our understanding of the workings of the world.D)Our early childhood fear of being deserted.49.What can we do when we become better able to provide ourselves with the desired approval?A)Enjoy a happier life.C)Receive more external validation.B)Exercise self-restraint.D)Strengthen our power of imagination.50.What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph?A)Embrace life for ourselves and for others.C)See our experiencesas assets.B)Base our worth on others'opinions.D)Love ourselves as we arePassage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.Some people have said aging is more a slide into forgetfulness than a journey towards wisdom.However,a growing body of research suggests that late-in-life learning is possible.In reality,education does an aging brain good.7·2024年6月四级真题(第一套)·Throughout life,people's brains constantly renovate themselves.In the late1960s,British brain scientist Geoffrey Raisman spied growth in damaged brain regions ofrats through an electron microscope; their brains were forging new connections.This meant brains may change every time a person learns something new.Of course,that doesn't mean the brain isn't affected by the effects of time.Just as height usually declines over the years,so does brain volume:Humans lose about4percent every decade starting in their40s.But that reduction doesn't necessarily make people think slower;as long as we are alive and functioning,we can alter our brains with new information and experiences.In fact,scientists now suspect accumulating novel experiences,facts,and skills can keep people's minds more flexible.New pathways can strengthen our ever-changing mental structure,even as the brain shrinks.Conventional fixes like word puzzles and brain-training apps can contribute to mental durability.Even something as simple as taking a different route to the grocery store or going somewhere new on vacation can keep the brain healthy.A desire for new life challenges can further boost brainpower.Research about aging adults who take on new enterprises shows improved function and memory as well as a reduced risk of mental disease.Openness—a characteristic defined by curiosity and a desire for knowledge—may also help folks pass brain tests.Some folks are born with this take-in-the-world atitude,but those who aren't as genetically gifted aren't necessarily out of luck.While genes can encourage an interest in doing new things,a2012study in the journal Psychology and Aging found completing reasoning tasks like puzzles and number games can enhance that desire for novel experiences,which can,in turn,refresh the brain.That's why brain scientist Richard Kennedy says“It's not that old dogs can't learn new tricks.It's that maybe old dogs don't realize why they should.”51.What do some people think of aging adults?A)Their wisdom grows as time goes by.C)They can benefit from late-in-life learning.B)Their memory gradually deteriorates D)They are likely to have mental health issues.52.What can we conclude from Geoffrey Raisman's finding?A)Brain damage seriously hinders one'slearning.C)Brains can refresh and improve with learning.B)Brain power weakens slower than we imagine D)Brains forge connections under new conditions53.What is one thing that helps maintain the health of our brain even as it shrinks?A)Doing daily routines by conventional means.C)Imitating old dogs'way of learning new tricksB)Avoiding worrying about our mental durability.D)Approaching everyday tasks in novel ways.54.What does the author say can contribute to the improvement of brain function?A)Being curious and desiring knowledge.C)Rising to life's challenges and avoiding risks.B)Being eager to pass brain tests at an old age.D)Boosting immunity to serious mental diseases55.What is the finding of the2012study in the journal Psychology and Aging?A)Wishing to solve puzzles enhances one's reasoning power.B)Playingnumber games unexpectedly stimulates one's memory.·2024年6月四级真题(第一套)·8C)Desiring new experiences can help to renovate thebrain.D)Learning new tricks shouldnot beconfined to old dogs only.Part IV Translation(30minutes) Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on AnswerSheet2.四合院(siheyuan)是中国一种传统的住宅建筑，其特点是房屋建造在一个院子的四周，将院子合围在中间。
2023年12月英语四级考试真题及答案第1套
2023年12月四级真题（第1套）注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A．, B．, C． andD．, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
1. A． The woman is fussy about the cleanness of the apartment.B． He has not cleaned the apartment since his mother's visit.C． He does not remember when his mother canoe over.D． His mother often helps him to clean the apartment.2. A． The bus stop is only two minutes' walk.B． The nmning made him short of breath.C． They might as well take the next bus.D． The woman is late by a couple of minutes.3. A． She is suffering a pain in her neck.B． She is likely to replace Miss Smith.C． She has to do extra work for a few days. D． She is quite sick of working overtime.4. A． Change her job.B． Buy a dishwasher.C． Open a flower shop.D． Start her own business.5. A． He forgot where he had left the package. B． He slipped on his way to the post office. C． He wanted to deliver the package himself. D． He failed to do what he promised to do.6. A． The speakers do not agree with each other. B． The woman does not like horror films.C． The man pays for the tickets as a rule.D． The speakers happened" to meet in the cinema.7. A． The woman is just as unlucky as the man. B． The woman is more sensitive than the man. C． The speakers share a common view on love.D． The speakers are unhappy with their marriage.8. A． Preparations for a forum.B． Participants in the forum.C． Organizers of a forum.D． Expectations of the forum.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A． France.B． Scandinavia.C． Russia.D． East Europe.10. A． More women will be promoted in the workplace.B． More women will overcome their inadequacies.C． More women will receive higher education.D． More women will work outside the family.11. A． Try hard to protect women's rights.B． Educate men to respect women more.C． Help women acquire more professional skills.D． Spend more time changing women's attitudes.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A． In a restaurant.B． In a hotel lobby.C． At the man's office.D． At the woman's place.13. A． He is the chief designer of the latest bike model.B． He has completed an overseas market survey.C． He is the Managing Director of Jayal Motors.D． He has just come back from a trip to Africa.14. A． To select the right model.B． To get a good import agent.C． To convince the board members.D． To cut down production costs.15. A． His flexibility.B． His vision.C． His intelligence.D． His determination.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hoar 3 short passages. At tho end of each passage, you will hoar some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose tho best answer from tho four choices marked A．, B．, C．andD．. Then mark tho correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through tho centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2021年12月英语四级真题及答案【共3套】
2021年12月英语四级真题及答案【共3套】第一套试题：一、听力理解1. A) He couldn't find his mobile phone.B) He was late for work.C) He missed the train.D) He had a traffic accident.2. A) The woman is a manager.B) The man is a customer.C) The woman is a sales assistant.D) The man is a repairman.3. A) He is a football player.B) He is a basketball player.C) He is a swimmer.D) He is a runner.4. A) The man wants to buy a new car.B) The woman is interested in buying a car.C) The man wants to sell his old car.D) The woman is a car salesman.5. A) The man is going to a party.B) The woman is going to a party.C) The man is going to a concert.D) The woman is going to a concert.二、阅读理解1. A) The importance of education.B) The benefits of exercise.C) The dangers of smoking.D) The value of friendship.2. A) They help students learn faster.B) They make students more confident.C) They improve students' health.D) They make students more creative.3. A) He has a strong sense of responsibility.B) He is very kind and helpful.C) He is very intelligent and hardworking.D) He is very popular among his classmates.4. A) It is very expensive.B) It is very difficult to find.C) It is very popular among students.D) It is very useful for learning English.5. A) He is a famous scientist.B) He is a famous actor.C) He is a famous writer.D) He is a famous musician.三、写作The Importance of English Learning英语学习在当今社会变得越来越重要。
大学英语四级新题型最新考试冲刺试卷试题【附答案】之一
大学英语四级新题型最新考试冲刺试卷试题【附答案】之一Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled What Electives to Choose. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 各大学开设了各种各样的选修课；2. 学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课；3. 以你自己为例……What Electives to Choose________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ ______ Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A)，B)，C) and D)，and decidewhich is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1. A) She used to be in poor health. C) She was somewhat overweight.B) She was popular among boys. D) She didn’t do w ell at high school.2. A) At the airport. C) In a booking office.B) In a restaurant. D) At the hotel reception.3. A) Teaching her son by herself. C) Asking the teacher for extra help.B) Having confidence in her son. D) Telling her son not to worry.4. A) Have a short break. C) Continue her work outdoors.B) Take two weeks off. D) Go on vacation with the man.5. A) He is taking care of this twin brother. C) He is worried about Rod’s health.B) He has been feeling ill all week. D) He has been in perfect condition.6. A) She sold all her furniture before she moved house.B) She still keeps some old furniture in her new house.C) She plans to put all her old furniture in the basement.D) She brought a new set of furniture from Italy last month.7. A) The wo man wondered why the man didn’t return the book.B) The woman doesn’t seem to know what the book is about.C) The woman doesn’t find the book useful any more.D) The woman forgot lending the book to the man.8. A) Most of the man’s friends are athletes. C)The man doesn’t look like a sportsman.B) Few people share the woman’s opinion. D) The woman doubts the man’s athletic ability.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) She has packed it in one of her bags. C) She has probably left it in a taxi.B) She is going to get it at the airport. D) She is afraid that she has lost it.10. A) It ends in winter, C) It will last one week.B) It will cost her a lot. D) It depends on the weather.11. A) The plane is taking off soon. C) There might be a traffic jam.B) The taxi is waiting for them. D) There is a lot of stuff to pack.12. A) At home. C) At the airport.B) In the man’s car. D) By the side of a taxi.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. A) She is thirsty for promotion. C) She is tired of her present work.B) She wants a much higher salary. D) She wants to save travel expenses.14. A) Translator. C) Language instructor.B) Travel agent. D) Environmental engineer.15. A) Lively personality and inquiring mind. C) Devotion and work efficiency.B) Communication skills and team spirit. D) Education and experience.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear3 short passages. Atthe end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) They care a lot about children. C) They want to enrich their life experience.B) They need looking after in their old age. D) They want children to keep them company.17. A) They are usually adopted from distant places.B) Their birth information is usually kept secret.C) Their birth parents often try to conceal their birth information.D) Their adoptive parents don’t want them to know their birth parents.18. A) They generally hold bad feelings towards their birth parents.B) They do not want to hurt the feelings of their adoptive parents.C) They have mixed feelings about finding their natural parents.D) They are fully aware of the expenses involved in the search.19. A) Early adoption makes for closer parent-child relationship.B) Most people prefer to adopt children from overseas.C) Understanding is the key to successful adoption.D) Adoption has much to do with love.Passage TwoQuestions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.20. A) He suffered from mental illness. C) He turned a failing newspaper intoa success.B) He bought The Washington Post. D) He was once a reporter for a majornewspaper.21. A) She was the first woman to lead a big U. S. publishing company.B) She got her first job as a teacher at the University of Chicago.C) She committed suicide because of her mental disorder.D) She took over her father’s position when he died.22. A) People came to see the role of women in the business world.B) Katharine played a major part in reshaping Americans’ mind.C) American media would be quite different without Katharine.D) Katharine had exerted an important influence on the world.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just beard.23. A) It’ll enable them to enjoy the best medical care. C) It’ll protect them from possible financial crises.B) It’ll allow them to receive flee medical treatment. D) It’ll prevent the doctors from overcharging them.24. A) They can’t immediately get back the money paid for their medical cost.B) They have to go through very complicated application procedures.C) They can only visit doctors who speak their native languages.D) They may not be able to receive timely medical treatment.25. A) They do n’t have to pay for the medical services.B) They needn’t pay the entire medical bill at once.C) They must send the receipts to the insurance company promptly.D) They have to pay a much higher price to get an insurance policy.Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choice. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.As war spreads to many comers of the globe, children sadly have been drawn into the center of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however, groups of children have been taking part in peace education 36 . The children, after learning to resolve conflicts, took on the 37 of peacemakers. The Children’s Movement for Peace in Colombia was even nominated (提名) forthe Nobel Peace Prize in 1998. Groups of children 38 as peacemakers studied human rights and poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools in Bogotáknown as The Schools of Peace.The classroom 39 opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with 40 ，peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers children to take a step 41 toward becoming peacemakers. Fortunately, educators have access to many online resources that are 42 useful when helping children along the path to peace. The Young Peacemakers Club, started in 1992，provides a Website with resources for teachers and 43 on starting a Kindness Campaign. The World Centers of Compassion for Children International。
大学英语四级模拟试题一(附含答案解析)
大学英语四级模拟题一Part I Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (10%) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet.For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Media Selection for AdvertisementsAfter determining the target audience for a product or service, advertising agencies must select the appropriate media for the advertisement. We discuss here the major types of media used in advertising. We focus our attention on seven types of advertising: television, newspapers, radio, magazines, out-of-home, Internet, and direct mail.TelevisionTelevision is an attractive medium for advertising because it delivers mass audiences to advertisers. When you consider that nearly three out of four Americans have seen the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? You can understand the power of television to communicate with a large audience. When advertisers create a brand, for example, they want to impress consumers with the brand and its image. Television provides an ideal vehicle for this type of communication. But television is an expensive medium, and not all advertisers can afford to use it.Television’s influence on advertising is fourfold. First, narrowcasting means that television channels are seen by an increasingly narrow segment of the audience. The Golf Channel, for instance, is watched by people who play golf. Home and Garden Television is seen by those interested in household improvement projects. Thus, audiences are smaller and more homogeneous（具有共同特点的）than they have been in the past. Second, there is an increase in the number of television channels available to viewers, and thus, advertisers. This has also resulted in an increase in the sheer number of advertisements to which audiences are exposed. Third, digital recording devices allow audience members more control over which commercials they watch. Fourth, control over programming is being passed from the networks to local cable operators and satellite programmers.NewspapersAfter television, the medium attracting the next largest annual ad revenue is newspapers. The New York Times, which reaches a national audience, accounts for $1 billion in ad revenue annually. It has increased its national circulation（发行量）by 40% and is now available for home delivery in 168 cities. Locally, newspapers are the largest advertising medium.Newspapers are a less expensive advertising medium than television and providea way for advertisers to communicate a longer, more detailed message to their audience than they can through television. Given new production techniques, advertisements can be printed in newspapers in about 48 hours, meaning newspapers are also a quick way of getting the message out. Newspapers are often the most important form of news for a local community, and they develop a high degree of loyalty from local readers.RadioAdvertising on radio continues to grow. Radio is often used in conjunction with outdoor billboards（广告牌）and the Internet to reach even more customers than television. Advertisers are likely to use radio because it is a less expensive medium than television, which means advertisers can afford to repeat their ads often. Internet companies are also turning to radio advertising. Radio provides a way for advertisers to communicate with audience members at all times of the day. Consumers listen to radio on their way to school or work, at work, on the way home, and in the evening hours.Two major changes---satellite and Internet radio---will force radio advertisers to adapt their methods. Both of these radio forms allow listeners to tune in stations that are more distant than the local stations they could receive in the past. As a result, radio will increasingly attract target audiences who live many miles apart.MagazinesNewsweeklies, women’s titles, and business magazines have all seen increases in advertising because they attract the high-end market. Magazines are popular with advertisers because of the narrow market that they deliver. A broadcast medium such as network television attracts all types of audience members, but magazine audiences are more homogeneous. If you read Sports Illustrated, for example, you have much in common with the magazine’s othe r readers. Advertisers see magazines as an efficient way of reaching target audience members.Advertisers using the print media---magazines and newspapers---will need to adapt to two main changes. First, the Internet will bring larger audiences to local newspapers. These audiences will be more diverse and geographically dispersed（分散）than in the past. Second, advertisers will have to understand how to use an increasing number of magazines for their target audiences. Although some magazines will maintain national audiences, a large number of magazines will entertain narrower audiences.Out-of-home advertisingOut-of-home advertising, also called place-based advertising, has become an increasingly effective way of reaching consumers, who are more active than ever before. Many consumers today do not sit at home and watch television. Using billboards, newsstands, and bus shelters for advertising is an effective way of reaching these on-the-go consumers. More consumers travel longer distances to and from work, which also makes out-of-home advertising effective. Technology has changed the nature of the billboard business, making it a more effective medium than in the past. Using digital printing, billboard companies can print a billboard in 2 hours, compared with 6 days previously. This allows advertisers more variety inthe types of messages they create because they can change their messages more quickly.InternetAs consumers become more comfortable with online shopping, advertisers will seek to reach this market. As consumers get more of their news and information from the Internet, the ability of television and radio to get the word out to consumers will decrease. The challenge to Internet advertisers is to create ads that audience members remember.Internet advertising will play a more prominent role in organizations’ advertising in the near future. Internet audiences tend to be quite homogeneous, but small. Advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach these audiences and will have to adapt their persuasive strategies to the online medium as well.Direct mailA final advertising medium is direct mail, which uses mailings to consumers to communicate a client’s message. Direct mail includes newsletters, postcards and special promotions. Direct mailis an effective way to build relationships with consumers. For many businesses, direct mail is the most effective form of advertising.1. Television is attractive advertising medium in that ________.A. it has large audiencesB. it appeals to housewivesC. it helps build up a company’s reputationD. it is affordable to most advertisers2. With the increase in the number of TV channels, ________.A. the cost of TV advertising has decreasedB. the number of TV viewers has increasedC. advertisers’ interest in other media has decreasedD. the number of TV ads people can see has increased3. Compared with television, newspaper as an advertising medium ________.A. earn a larger annual ad revenueB. convey more detailed messagesC. use more production techniquesD. get messages out more effectively4. Advertising on radio continues to grow because ________.A. more local radio stations have been set upB. modern technology makes it more entertainingC. it provides easy access to consumersD. it has been revolutionized by Internet radio5. Magazines are seen by advertisers as an efficient way to ________.A. reach target audiencesB. appeal to educated peopleC. attract diverse audiencesD. convey all kinds of messages6. Out-of-home advertising has become more effective because ________.A. billboards can be replaced within two hoursB. consumers travel more now than ever beforeC. such ads have been made much more attractiveD. the pace of urban life is much faster nowadays7. The challenge to Internet advertisers is to create ads that are ________.A. quick to updateB. pleasant to look atC. easy to rememberD. convenient to access8. Internet advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach audiences thattend to be_________________.9. Direct mail is an effective form of advertising for businesses to develop_______________.10. This passage discusses how advertisers select ______ __ for advertisements.（8-10题答案请写在答题纸上）Part II Listening Comprehension (35%) Section A (15%)Directions:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.11. A. To reach US$13 million. B. To reach US$30 million.C. To reach US$300 million.D. To reach US$3 million.12. A. 80%. B. 60%. C. 50%. D. 70%.13. A. 160. B. 60. C. 116. D. 106.14. A. Meet Mr. Wilson. B. Make a cup of tea.C. Give Mr. Milson a call.D. Write down the number.15. A. The man does not need a car to get around.B. The man lives far away from the subway.C. The man is not good at driving.D. The man enjoys driving a car.16. A. It is attractive. B. It is exciting.C. It is boring.D. It is important.17. A. Stay at home and complete the paper on her own.B. Save time by using Mary’s computer.C. Buy a computer herself.D. Borrow Mary’s computer.18. A. Talk to the boss. B. Restart the discussion.C. Have a fresh mind.D. Have a break.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A. Her mother. B. Her friend.C. Her husband.D. Herself.20. A. A 40 percent discount. B. A 10 percent discount.C. A 15 percent discount.D. A 20 percent discount.21. A. 40 dollars. B. 48 dollars.C. 60 dollars.D. 54 dollars.22. A. Because the woman has only 47 dollars.B. Because there’s a button missing on the blouse.C. Because it is the last blouse.D. Because it is the special offer for this week.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A. In the dining hall. B. In the room.C. In the Rainbow Bar.D. Not given.24. A. Room 610. B. Room 061.C. Room 106.D. Room 601.25. A. In a motel. B. In a hotel.C. In a dormitory.D. In a bar.Section B (10%)Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A. Many foreign tourists visit the United States every year.B. Americans enjoy eating out with their friends.C. The United States is a country of immigrants.D. Americans prefer foreign foods to their own food.27. A. They can make friends with people from other countries.B. They can get to know people of other cultures and their lifestyles.C. They can practice speaking foreign languages there.D. They can meet with businessmen from all over the world.28. A. The couple cooks the dishes and the children help them.B. The husband does the cooking and the wife serves as the waitress.C. The mother does the cooking while the father and the children wait on the guests.D. A hired cook prepares the dishes and the family members serve the guests. Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A. Their family members. B. Their relatives.C. Their closed friends.D. Strangers.30. A. To get advice. B. To subscribe.C. To place an advertisement.D. To apply for membership.31. A. They are two well-known writers who give advice.B. They are two famous doctors.C. They are two lawyers.D. They are two professors at the New York State University.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A. At 7:00. B. At 7:50.C. On time.D. Behind its time.33. A. To take a taxi to St. Louis.B. To take a bus to St. Louis.C. To carry his bags and hurry to the Union Station.D. To get off before Union Station and take a taxi.34. A. He managed to catch the train he needed.B. He failed to catch the train to St. Louis.C. As soon as he got on the train it began to leave the station.D. Thanks to the porter’s help, he was in time for the train.35. A. Late Again. B. A Helpful Conductor.C. At the Union Station.D. Conductor, Porter and I.Section C (10%)Directions:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. （答案请写在答题纸上）Americans are used to traveling. Some people make long-distance commutes to work (36) __________. Their jobs may even require them to take (37) __________ business trips. Most companies provide an (38) __________ vacation for their employees and people often use that time to travel. Some people just visit friends or relatives in distant states. Others go on low-budget (39) __________ excursions and stay in economy motels. Those with more (40) __________tastes choose luxurious resorts and hotels. Camping out in the great (41) __________appeals to adventurous types.Most Americans prefer to travel within their nation’s borders. Why? For one thing, it’s cheaper than traveling (42) __________ and there’s no language problems. But besides that, the vast American territory offers numerous tourist attractions. Nature lovers can enjoy beaches, mountains, canyons, lakes and a wealth of natural wonders. (43) __________ cities offer visitors a multitude of urbandelights. The convenience of modern freeways, (44) ___________________ makes travel in America as easy as pie.Many American vacations are as unique as unique as the people who take them. Families often plan their trips with (45) _____________________. More and more “family friendly” vacation resorts offer special programs for children. History buffs seek out famous historical sites and museums. Environmentalists prefer “green vacations”. Some people find sea cruises (46) _______________________________. Others hit the water to go fishing, skiing or white-water rafting.Part III Reading Comprehension (20%) Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OnePart-time jobs are nothing new to us college students. It is common for students to practice their salesmanship when they have free time. However, I was extremely shocked when I learned one of our teachers had also joined in the profit-making business.She is our physical education teacher. The other day she publicly commented on the pimples (丘疹) on a student’s face and then presented the girl with a sample bottle of nameless face cream.According to the teacher, the face cream was produced in France. Each small bottle costs more than 40 yuan. From my viewpoint, it is a complete waste of money to buy such thing. “Why don’t you decline and refuse to buy it?” I suggested to the girl. She signed, “If I do that, I am afraid that my teacher may give me a lower mark in PE.” In other words, as long as she made a good deal with the teacher, an “excellent” on her PE course would follow.I was depressed. The teacher abused her social role. Her priority should be to give us proper education and training. Instead, she is trying to make a profit from us. She is unfit to be a good “engineer in cultivat ing the spirit of mankind”.47. The idea for students to do part-time jobs is _________.A. unheardB. uncommonC. surprisingD. not fresh48. The teacher made a comment on the pimples on a student’s face in order to _________.A. sell somethingB. show concern for the studentsC. make her lessons more interestingD. help her students learn something49. The writer believes that the cream _________.A. is worthy buyingB. is of high qualityC. is uselessD. can cure the pimples on the student’s face50. We may infer that _________.A. many students bought the creamB. no students bought the creamC. the writer got some free creamD. the cream was made by the teacher herself51. From the passage we can infer that _________.A. some students have failed their PE examsB. the students don’t like the teacherC. the teacher is welcome by her studentsD. the teacher has given her students proper education and trainingPassage TwoShu Pudong has helped at least l, 000 people bitten by snakes. “It was seeing people with snake bites that led me to this career,” he said.In 1963, after his army service, Shu entered a medical school and later became a doctor of Chinese medicine. As part of his studies he had to work in the mountains. There he often heard of people who had their arms or legs cut off after a snake bite in order to save their lives.“I was greatly upset by the story of an old farmer I met. It was a very hot afternoon. The old man was pulling grass in his field when he felt a pain in his left hand. He at once realized that he had been bitten by a poisonous snake. In no time, he wrapped a cloth tightly around his arm to stop the poison spreading to the heart. Rushing home he shouted ‘Bring me the knife’. Minutes later the man lost his arm forever.”“The sad story touched me so much that I decided to devote myself to helping people bitten by snakes,” Shu said.52. The best title for this article is “_________”.A. Astonishing MedicineB. Farmer Loses ArmC. Dangerous BitesD. Snake Doctor53. The farmer lost his arm because _________.A. the cloth was wrapped too tightlyB. he cut it off to save his lifeC. Shu wasn’t there to help himD. he was alone in the field54. Shu decided to devote himself to snake medicine because _________.A. he wanted to save people’s arms and legsB. he had studied it at a medical schoolC. he had seen snakes biting peopleD. his army service had finished55. Why did Shu go into the mountains？A. He didn’t want to study snake bites.B. He wanted to help the farmers.C. He was being trained to be a doctor.D. He was expected to serve in the army.56. Which of the following words can take the place of the underlined word “career”in the first paragraph？A. conclusionB. storyC. incidentD. jobPart Ⅳ Cloze (10%) Directions: There are20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a never-ending flood of words. In __57__a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend __58__can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are__59__readers. Most of us develop poor reading __60__at an early age, and never get over them. The main deficiency__61__in the actual stuff of language itself—words. Taken individually, words have __62__meaning until they are strung together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs. __63__, however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing to __64__words or passages. Regression, the tendency to look back over__65__you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading. Another habit which __66__down the speed of reading is vocalization—sounding each word either orally or mentally as __67__reads.To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an __68__, which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed. The bar is set at a slightly faster rate __69__the reader finds comfortable, in order to “stretch”him. The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, __70__word-by-word reading, regression and sub-vocalization, practically impossible. At first __71__is sacrificed for speed. But when you learn to read idea s and concepts, you will not only read faster, __72__your comprehension will improve. Many people have found __73__reading skill drastically improved after some training. __74__Chalice Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute __75__the training, now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute. He is delighted that how he can __76__a lot more reading material in a short period of time.57. A. applying B. doing C. offering D. getting58. A. quickly B. easily C. roughly D. decidedly59. A. good B. curious C. poor D. urgent60. A. training B. habits C. situations D. custom61. A. lies B. combines C. touches D. involves62. A. some B. a lot C .little D. dull63. A. Fortunately B. In fact C. Logically D. Unfortunately64. A. reuse B. reread C. rewrite D. recite65. A. what B. which C. that D. if66. A. scales B. cuts C. slows D. measures67. A. some one B. one C. he D. reader68. A. accelerator B. actor C. amplifier D. observer69. A. then B. as C. beyond D. than70. A. enabling B. leading C. making D. indicating71. A. meaning B. comprehension C. gist D. regression72. A. but B. nor C. or D. for73. A. our B. your C. their D. such a74. A. Look at B. Take C. Make D. Consider75. A. for B. in C. after D. before76. A. master B. go over C. present D. get throughPart V Translation (10%)Directions: Complete sentences by translating into English the Chinese given inbrackets. Put the answers down on the Answer Sheet. （答案请写在答题纸上）77. The beauty of the West Lake in Hangzhou is ________________________ (我无法用语言来表述).78. Why is she looking at me ________________________ (像是她认识我似的)? I’venever seen her before in my life.79. I don’t enjoy going to the movies. ________________________ (在我看来), it’sjust a waste of time.80. The Canadian speaks Chinese ________________________ (和他说英语一样流利).81. ________________________ (Tony 是否来), doesn’t matter much. We can rely onourselves.Part VI Writing(15%)Directions: For this part, you are required to write a short essay on the topicAttend Your Classes Regularly. You should write at least 120 words (no morethan 150 words) based on the outline given below:1.现在大学校园里，迟到、早退、旷课是常见的现象。
英语四级考试练习题及答案(包含答案)--(1)精选全文完整版
可编辑修改精选全文完整版英语四级考试练习题及答案（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1. My friend could hardly ______ his temper when he saw the state of his office.A. hold inB. hold upC. hold offD. hold onto2. Although they were planted at the same time, one strain of corn grew ______ the other.A. as fast twice asB. twice as fast thanC. as twice fast asD. twice as fast as3. Mr. Cooper gave his money to those whom he considered ______.A. as most worthyB. as being most worthyC. was most worthyD. most worthy4. T he fog ______ dense, all the ferry boats were suspended.A. isB. beingC. having beenD. was5. The prisoner pleaded that he _____ allowed to see his family,who did not yet know of his conversation.A. isB. wasC. beD. could be6. The TV station probably will be back _______ no earlier than this afternoon because of difficulties in locating a part.A. in the airB. on the airC. in airD. to the air7. He is indifferent ______ hardships and dangers.A. ofB. atC. inD. to8. You can't go _______ your promise now; we are depending on you.A. back ofB. back onC. off withD. out of9. I knew her ______ but I have never actually spoken to her.A. from sightB. in sightC. by sightD. on sight10. Sugar is good _______ most people, but harmful ________ diabetics.A. for, toB. to, forC. for, inD. to, with11. You don't have to worry ________ we are here.A. whileB. even ifC. thoughD. until12. The teachers whispered _______ they should disturb the students.A. in order thatB. provided thatC. in caseD. with the result that13. The reason for my long absence from class was ______ I was ill for2 weeks.A. thatB. due toC. becauseD. why14. John is probably the most popular masculine name in the Western world, _____ it is spelled differently in different languages.A. in spite ofB. ifC. whenD. although15. ______ so-called "art" or "serious" music, modern jazz is not completely written down before it is played.A. AsB. UnlikeC. AlikeD. Not as16. The secretary found the missing sample for TEM 8 _____ on the top shelf the next day.A. layingB. lyingC. restingD. placing17. The whole embarrassing _____ in the bar was a great disappointmentto them and set a bad example of English hospitality.A. incidentB. accidentC. thingD. matter18. Irene learnt a lot about herself from this ________ experience.A. hurtfulB. achingC. doubtfulD. unfortunate19. It is hard to imagine a large city without policemen, but such was the _____ in London in the early 18th century.A. affairB. conditionC. matterD. situation20. The ____ last thing Peter wants now is enter for the annual 24 day bike race.A. veryB. mostC. extremelyD. utterly二、翻译（共5小题，每小题3分；共计15分）1、所有的窗户都开着，他就睡着了。
大学英语四级练习卷及答案解析 (1)
大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1. The news, though not wholly bad was so _____ that I could no longer concentrate on my work.A. disastrousB. anxiousC. RegretfulD. disturbing2. The energy gained from the sun can then be used during the right to enable the necessary chemical reactions to ______ in his body.A. prB. proceedC. progressD. practise3. It is very likely that the Martian will also be ________ to underground existence,for conditions are much more equable underground.A. adoptedB. acquiredC. admittedD. adapted4. The fishermen gathered abalone ______ a depth of seven feet.A. withB. withoutC. atD. within5. All living organisms constantly absorb carbon 14 _______ this existence.A. outB. aboutC. aroundD. throughout6. Burton said he could not swim until the ________ came in because the sea was too for out.A. currentB. tideC. waterD. flood7. The highest _______ of the Himalayas can scarcely be seen from below as it is usually hidden in cloud.A. peakB. topC. viewD. plane8. Tim, the footballer, always scores ______ at football matches, but he feels frustrated at each examination.A. pointsB. gamesC. goalsD. targets9. After the cameraman had taken three or four photographs of the solider ants, he found they had _______ all over his feet.A. gatheredB. flockedC. crowdedD. swarmed10. Sylvia was in low spirits because her throat infection left her very _____ and made her solo at the party impossible.A. dumbB. hoarseC. silentD. speechless11. Any child who is _______ made a victim of violence from brothers or sisters will have emotional troubles when he grows up.A. repeatedlyB. quicklyC. brisklyD. rarely12. Fred has _____ kind of humour that can only be appreciated by these willing to search beneath the surface.A. on obviousB. a hiddenC. a subtleD. controlled13. The crippled Westkey proudly walked with a ________ to the platform to join the children.A. jumpB. limpC. hopD. jog14. The ________ crown jewels are kept in the Tower of London.A. valuedB. valuelessC. invaluableD. usable15. We expect Mr Drew will _________ Class Two when Miss Syme retires.A. take overB. toke upC. take offD. take to16. If the sun ______, the players could have finished the game.A. had shineB. did shineC. were shiningD. had shone17. If she ______ the measles, she could have gone to the park.A. hadn'tB. hadn't hadC. had hadD. haven't18. If we _______, we could have made it.A. had worked hardB. would have worked hardC. did worked hardD. work hard19. The policemen would have caught the murderer _______ a few minutes earlier.A. were they to arriveB. had they arrivedC. if they should have arrivedD. if they would have arrived20. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he _______ our chairman now.A. must have beenB. would have beenC. wereD. would be二、完型填空（共计20分）Reading involves looking at graphic symbols and formulating mentally the sounds and ideas theyrepresent.Concepts of reading have changed 1 over the centuries.During the 1950's and 1960's especially,increased attention has been devoted to 2 the reading process. 3 specialists agree that reading 4 acomplex organization of higher mental 5 , they disagree 6 the exact nature of the process.Some experts,who regard language primarily as a code using symbols to represent sounds, 7 reading as simply thedecoding of symbolssintosthe sounds they stand 8 .These authorities 9 that meaning, being concerned with thinking, must be taughtindependently ofthe decoding process.Others maintain that reading is 10 related to thinking, and that a child whopronounces sounds without 11 their meaning is not truly reading.The reader, 12 some, is not just aperson with a theoretical ability to read but one who 13 reads.Many adults, although they have the ability to read, have never read a book in its 14 .By someexpert they would not be 15 as readers.Clearly, the philosophy, objectives, methods and materials ofreading will depend on the definition one use.By the most 16 and satisfactory definition, reading is theability to 17 the sound-symbols code of the language, to interpret meaning for various 18 , at variousrates, and at various levels of difficulty, and to do 19 widely and enthusiastically. 20 reading is theinterpretation of ideas through the use of symbols representing sounds and ideas.1.A.substantively B. substantially C.substitutively D.subjectively2.A.define and describe B. definition and descriptionC.defining and describingD.have defined and described3.A.Although B. If C.Unless D.Until4.A.involves B. involves to C.is involved D.involves of5.A.opinions B. effects C.manners D.functions6.A.of B. about C.for D.into7.A.view B. look C.reassure D.agree8.A.by B. to C.off D.for9.A.content B. contend C.contempt D.contact10.A.inexplicably B. inexpressibly C.inextricably D.inexpediently11.A.interpreting B. saying C.explaining D.reading12.A.like B. for example C.according to D.as13.A.sometimes B. might C.practical D.actually14.A.entire B. entirety C.entirely D.entity15.A.classed B. granted C.classified D.graded16.A.inclusive B. inclinable C.conclusive plicated17.A.break up B. elaborate C.define D.unlock18.A.purposes B. degrees C.stages D.steps19.A.such B. so as C.so D.such as20.A.By the way B. In short C.So far D.On the other hand三、阅读理解：(共25分)George Washington did not wish to commute far from Mount Vernon c.a tidal river nearby made for easy ocean access d.Virginia wanted to get rid of some land PETS3 Text 1 After a busy day of work and play, the body needs to rest. Sleep is necessary for good health. During this time, the body recovers from the activities of the previous day. The rest that you get while sleeping enables your body to prepare itself for the next day. There are four levels of sleep, each being a little deeper than the one before. As you sleep, your muscles relax little by little. Your heart beats more slowly, and your brain slows down. After you reach the fourthlevel, your body shifts back and forth from one level of sleep to the other.Although your mind slows down, from time to time you will dream. Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs, your eyeballs begin to move more quickly (Although your eyelids are closed). This stage of sleep is called REM, which stands for rapid eye movement.If you have trouble falling asleep, some people recommend breathing very deeply. Other people believe that drinking warm milk will help make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion the counting sheep will put you to sleep!1. A good title for this is ____.A. SleepC. DreamsB. Good HealthD. Work and Rest2. The word drowsy in the last paragraph means ____.A. sickC. asleepB. stand upD. a little sleepy3. This suggests that not getting enough sleep might make you_____.A. dream more often C. nervousB. have poor health D. breathe quickly4. During REM, ____.A. your eyes move quickly C. you are restlessB. you dreamD. both A and B5. The average number of hours of sleep that an adult needs is ______ .A. approximately six hoursB. around ten hoursC. about eight hoursD. not stated here四、书面表达：草拟一份中学通知，用一段话说明以下要点：参观日期：5月25日，星期天时间：早上8点钟出发。
新四级样题(含听力录音材料)
新四级样题(含听力录音材料)大学英语四级考试试点考试样卷 (试题册)Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.LandfillsYou have just finished your meal at a fast food restaurant and you throw your uneaten food, food wrappers,drink cups, utensils and napkins into the trash can. You don’t think about that waste again. On trash pickup day in your neighborhood, you push your can out to the curb, and workers dump the contents into a big truck and haul it away. You don’t have to think about that waste again, either.But maybe you have wondered, as you watch the trash truck pull away, just where that garbage ends up.Americans generate trash at an Astonishing rate of four pounds per day per person; which translates to 600,000 tons per day or 210 million tons per year! This is almost twice as much trash per person as most other major countries. What happens to this trash? Some gets recycled (回收利用)or recovered and some is burned, but the majority is buried in landfills.How Much Trash Is Generated?Of the 210 million tons of trash, or solid waste, generated in the United States annually, about 56 million tons, or 27 percent, is either recycled (glass, paper products, plastic, metals) or composted (做成堆肥) (yard waste). The remaining trash, which is mostly unrecyclable,is discarded.How Is Trash Disposed of ?The trash production in the United States has almost tripled since 1960. This trash is handled in various ways. About 27 percent of the trash is recycled or composted, 16 percent is burned and 57 percent is buried in landfills. The amount of trash buried in landfills has doubled since 1960. The United States ranks somewhere in the middle of the major countries (United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, France and Japan) in landfill disposal. The United Kingdom ranks highest, burying about 90 percent of its solid waste in landfills.What Is a Landfill?There are two ways to bury trash:n Dump—an open hole in the ground where trash is buried and that is full of various animals (rats, mice, birds). (This is most people’s idea of a landfill!) n Landfill—carefully designed structure built into or on top of the ground in which trash is isolated from the surrounding environment (groundwater, air, rain). This isolation is accomplished with a bottom liner and daily covering of soil.¨ Sanitary landfill—land fill that uses a clay liner to isolate the trash from the environment¨ Municipal so lid waste (MSW) landfill—landfill that uses a synthetic (plastic) liner to isolate the trash from the environmentThe purpose of a landfill is to bury the trash in sucha way that it will be isolated from groundwater, will be kept dry and will not be in contact with air. Under these conditions, trash will not decompose (腐烂) much. Alandfill is not like a compost pile, where the purpose isto bury trash in such a way that it will decompose quickly.Proposing the LandfillFor a landfill to be built, the operators have to make sure that they follow certain steps. In most parts of the world, there are regulations that govern where a landfill can be placed and how it can operate. The whole process begins with someone proposing the landfill.In the United States, taking care of trash and building landfills are local government responsibilities. Before a city or other authority can build a landfill, an environment impactstudy must be done on the proposed site to determine:n the area of land necessary for the landfilln the composition of the underlying soil and bedrockn the flow of surface water over the siten the impact of the proposed landfill on the local environment and wildlifen the historical value of the proposed siteBuilding the LandfillOnce the environmental impact study is complete, the permits are granted and the funds have been raised, then construction begins. First, access roads to the landfillsite must be built if they do not already exist. Thereroads will be used by construction equipment, sanitation(环卫) services and the general public. After roads havebeen built, digging can begin. In the North Wake Country Landfill, the landfill began 10 feet below the road surface.What Happens to Trash in a Landfill?Trash put in a landfill will stay there for a very long time. Inside a landfill, there is little oxygen and little moisture. Under these conditions, trash does not break down very rapidly. In fact, when old landfills have been dug upor sampled, 40-year-old newspapers have been found with easily readable print. Landfills are not designed to break down trash, merely to bury it. When a landfill closes, the site, especially the groundwater, must be monitored and maintained for up to 30 years!How Is a Landfill Operated?A landfill, such as the North Wake County Landfill, must be open and available every day. Customers are typically municipalities and construction companies, although residents may also use the landfill.Near the entrance of the landfill is a recycling center where residents can drop off recyclable materials (aluminum cans, glass bottles, newspapers and paper products). This helps to reduce the amount of material in the landfill. Some of these materials are banned from landfills by law because they can be recycled.As customers enter the site, their trucks are weighed at the scale house. Customers are charged tipping fees for using the site. The tipping fees vary from $10 to $40 per ton. These fees are used to pay for operation costs. The North Wake County Landfill has an operating budget ofapproximately $4.5 million, and part of that comes from tipping fees.Along the site, there are drop-off stations for materials that are not wanted or legally banned by the landfill. A multi-material drop-off station is used for tires, motor oil, lead-acid batteries. Some of these materials can be recycled.In addition, there is a household hazardous waste drop-off station for chemicals (paints, pesticides, other chemicals) that are banned from the landfill. These chemicals are disposed of by private companies. Some paints can be recycled and some organic chemicals can be burned in furnaces or power plants.Other structures alongside the landfill are the borrowed area that supplies the soil for the landfill, the runoff collection pond and methane (甲烷) station.Landfills are complicated structures that, when properly designed and managed, serve an important purpose. In the future, new technologies called bioreactors will be used to speed the breakdown of trash in landfills and produce more methane.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答；8-10题在答题卡1上。
2022年12月英语四级真题及答案(第1套)
2022年12月英语四级真题及答案（第1套）完整版，自用勿外传！Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions：In this task, you are required to write an essay on the necessity of developing social skills for college students. You will have 30 minutes for the task. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening ComprehensionSection ANews Report 1The World Pipe Band Championships will take place in Glasgow on Saturday.Over 120 of the world's best pipe bands will compete at the championships. Over 4,000 pipers and drummers are expected to descend on the city for the annual event.It will take place at the Saint James playing fields in Glasgow on Saturday, 18 May from 10:00 am until 7:00 pm. The event is free. Also, a free shuttle bus will run between the event car parks and the competition site. Shuttle buses will run every 15 minutes from 8:00 am until 8:00 pm.Glasgow City Council says it is estimated to bring ￡300,000 to the local economy.The first World Pipe Band Championships were held in Edinburgh in1947.The event first took place in Glasgow in1948. It has been held regularly in Glasgow since 1986.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) A free car show.B) A yearly concert.C) A sports competition.D) A pipe band contest.2. A)Improve the image of Glasgow city.B) Enrich the local culture of Glasgow.C) Contribute a lot to the local economy.D) Entertain people in local communities.News Report 2Summer doesn't begin for two more days, but scientists are already sounding the alarm about dangerous ice melts going on right now in Greenland.The vast island usually locks away enough fresh water in its ice sheet, which if melted can raise global sea levels by 6 meters. And research shows that in recent years its ice has melted faster than ever before. This month, as temperatures in northwestern Greenland approach all timehighs, researchers are encountering unusual, surprising levels of melting ice in the region.The most significant concern here is how early this is all happening. Greenland experiences annual ice melt and growth cycles. But this year the melting season began in early May. That's a month earlier than normal and something that's happened only once before in the historical record in 2016.That means that not only is the ice melting very fast. It has more time to melt this summer than it would in a normal climate system. Longer melt seasons like this one seemed to lead to much greater contributions to sea level rise than in previous decades.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A)Surprising rise in global sea levels.B) Dangerous ice melts in Greenland.C) Changing weather patterns in summer.D) Record growth of Greenland's ice sheets.4. A) It began in late May.B) It lasted three months.C) It started a month earlier than usual.D) It ended a month earlier than before.News Report 3Bundles containing thousands of pounds in cash keep turning up on the streets of Black hall Colliery in northern England, according to police. Residents of the village have been coming across bundles of￡20 notes-usually worth￡2,000-in the former mining village in County Durham.The latest discovery was on Monday, meaning four of these cash bundles have been handed in this year and 13 since 2014. The bundles are usually left in plain sight and had been scattered across the small coastal village. The owner has two weeks to collect the cash, which is thenHuiger2007returned to the finder if not claimed, according to Peter lee Police.A Durham Police spokesperson said the money has been returned to the lucky finders in all cases, except yesterday.Policeman John Forster said in a statement: “The circumstances remain a mystery so we would welcome any information that will help us get to the bottom of these random incidents.”He told The Northern Echo: "It isn't an affluent part of the world, so for them to find cash of that amount and instantly think about taking it to the police stations shows the community spirit there is."Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) Bundles of £ 20 notes kept turning up.B) A villager was searching for his lost cash.C) Local policemen came across bundles of £ 20 notes.D) A bundle containing thousands of pounds got stolen.6. A) They give it to charity.B) They return it to the finder.C) They hand it over to the local government.D) They place a notice in The Northern Echo.7. A) They cooperated well with the police.B) They enjoyed a fairly affluent life.C)They were puzzled by the mystery.D) They had a strong community spirit.Section BConversation 1M: It’s your birthday next week. What have you got planned?M: I’m not sure. I often feel strange on my birthday. It’s like my brain decides to have a crisis. W: It’s not entirely unusual to feel anxious or sad around your birthday. Birthdays can tap into a lot of things people worry about, including their achievements in life in the past decade or their accomplishments of the past year. Many begin to search for the meaning of their existence leading to behaviors such as ending or starting a relationship or plans, like startinga vigorous diet or fitness program.Huiger2007M: I have wonderful friends and I love celebrating their birthdays. But I don’t like being the center of attention, receiving gifts and having a fuss made. It seems to trigger a type of social anxiety. I think social media too can intensify things as birthdays now play out more publicly.Birthday reminders can be helpful, but I kind of worry, I won’t be able to drum up my own day and show it to look as exciting as it is supposed to be.W: Well, to deal with the birthday blues, you should not isolate yourself. It’s best to gradually face your birthday with people you trust. That would help you learn self-acceptance or that it’s okay to be the focus.M: Perhaps or I could perceive my birthday as an opportunity to do something for others like asking people to make a donation instead of buying a gift.W: Exactly, Or even simply see your birthday as an opportunity to bring people together for them to have fun.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heardhuiger2007 8. A) Excited.B) Delighted.C) Indifferent.D) Strange.9. A) Search for the meaning of their life.B) Look back on their years at school.C) Call on their relatives and friends.D) Talk about future plans with friends.10. A) He prefers to have them shown on social media. B) He loves them but does not want to make a fuss.C) He enjoys celebrating others' birthdays rather than his own.D) He looks forward to receiving presents from his close friends.11. A) Hold it on a modest scale to remove birthday anxieties.B) View it as a chance for people to socialize and have fun.C) Extend invitation to those he trusts most.D) Make it an occasion to collect donations.Conversation 2M: The metro was absolutely terrible this morning.M: Oh, was there a delay?W: No, but the train was so packed that I could barely move and it was difficult to breathetoo. At every station, more people squeezed in and I got pushed further and further inside. When I got to my station, I could hardly get out. Once I did get out, I was totally exhausted. M: That sounds like a nightmare. Why didn't you take the bus?W: The bus takes twice as long and it's just as crowded.M: Well, what ’s the alternative? Haven't you got a car?W: I've got a driver’s license, but that's all. I’m saving up to buy something reasonably small and cute, but it’s still a bit expensive for me and it’ll take a while before I have en ough money. M: Have you thought about getting an electric motorbike?W: I considered that for maybe a minute, but honestly, I've just seen too many horrible accidents involving those dangerous monsters.M: What about those popular share bikes? You could register to use one.W: Yeah, that’s a possibility. There are always several of those bikes out in front of our apartment complex.M: Or you could just walk to work.W: Well, it’s 5 kilometers from home to the office, but you’ve given me a thought. I could take a change of clothes and jog to work. But at this time of year the air pollution is a real problem. M: Oh, yeah, I didn’t think of that. Get a taxi if you really have to.W: That’s an expensive way to get to work.M: Not if you use a ride sharing app.W: Good idea, I’ll download one immediately. Thank you.Questions 12 to15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) It was absolutely exhausting.B) There was a terrible smell.C) There was too long a delay.D) She got off at the wrong station.13. A) She hasn't saved enough money.B) She is worried about traffic jams.C) She hasn't passed the driving test yet.D) She is used to taking public transport.14. A) They are popular.B) They are dangerous.C) They are a bit expensive for her.D) They are environmentally friendly.15. A) By bus. B) By jogging.C) By renting a bike. D) By sharing a ride.Section CPassage 1Steve miller began his career in it back in the late 1980s being a deaf person in tech required a huge amount of effort in organization. Because there was no email or text message service, everything had to be done face to face or by telephone communicating in meetings was very difficult. He needed a sign language interpreter for every meeting, but it was a huge effort to coordinateThese days, although challenges still remain, it's a good time to be a deaf person in tech, says miller. Big advances in speech recognition, technology have enabled communication tools to turn live speech in into text in real time on your smartphone or laptop and sign language into text as well.New tech coupled with improvements in hearing aid, technology and medical advances means that miller is able to focus far more on his work。
2023年12月英语四级真题试卷及详细答案(第一套)详细版
此正确答案为C选项。
【听力原文】News Report ThreeLions have disappeared from much of Africa, but for the past few years scientists have wondered if the big cats were hanging on in remote parts of Sudan and Ethiopia. 【5】 Continuous fighting in the region has made surveys difficult. 【6】But scientists released a report Monday documenting, with hard evidence, the discovery of “lost lions”. A team with Oxford University’s Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, supported by a charity organization, spent two nights in November camping in the National Park in northwest Ethiopia, on the Ethiopia-Sudan border.【7】The researchers set out six camera traps capturing images of lions, and identified lion tracks. The scientists concluded that lions are also likely to live in the neighbouring National Park across the border in Sudan. The International Union for Conservation of Nature had previously considered the area a “possible range” for the species, and local people had reported seeing lions in the area, but no one presented convincing evidence.【杀掉拦路虎】 1. Sudan [s?'dɑ:n] n.苏丹2. Ethiopia [?i:θ?'??p??]n.埃塞俄比亚（非洲东部国家）3. Oxford ['?ksf?d]n.牛津（英国城市），牛津大学4.WildlifeConservation[?wa?ld?la?fknsvein] 野生生物资源保护 5. charity [?t??riti]n.慈善（行为）;施舍，捐助;慈善机关;仁爱第6页共56页宽容6. traps [tr?ps]n.随身携带物，随身行李；圈套( trap的名词复数 )；（对付人的）计谋；（练习射击用的）抛靶器；（捕捉动物的）夹子v.诱骗( trap的第三人称单数 )；使受限制；困住；使（水与气体等）分离7. convincing [k?n?v?ns??]adj.令人相信的；有说服力的；令人心悦诚服的 v.使相信(convince的现在分词)；使明白；使确信；说服8. clue [klu:]n. 线索;提示;（帮助警方破案的）线索;（纵横填字谜、游戏或问题的）提示词语; vt. <非正>为…提供最新情况（消息等） 9. Inadequate [?n??d?kw?t]adj. 不充足的;不适当的;不足胜任的;信心不足的10. hazard [?h?z?d] vt. 冒险;使遭受危险;n. 危险;冒险的事;机会;双骰子游戏 11. facility [f??siliti] n. 设备;容易;能力;灵巧Questions 5 to 7 are based on the new report you have just heard.5.What has made it difficult to survey lions in remote parts of Sudan and Ethiopia?5. A) The lack of clues about the species. B) Endless fighting in the region. C) Inadequate funding for research.D) The hazards from the desert. 【答案】B【解析】本题为细节题，由【5】 Continuous fighting in the region has made surveysdifficult.可知：在这一地区不断的战争使调查很困难，a选项是缺乏物种的线索，c选项是研究证据不充分，d选项来自沙漠的危险，本题难点在于对原文理解以及弄懂各个选项的意思。
大学英语四级试卷(答案) (1)
大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1.He is______a ballplayer.A.as good if not better than his brother asB.as good as if not better than his brother asC.as good as,not better than his brother likeD.as good as if not better than his brother as for2.Coal,though______than either oil or gas,is still a finite resource.A.much energy more abundant sourceB.the much more energy abundant sourceC.a much more abundant energy sourceD.energy source more abundant3.Only in recent years have people begun to realize that wild dogs,kept within bounds,often do______.A.better than harmfulB.better not more harmfulC.more good than harmD.better than they do harmfully4.Most substances contract when they freeze so that the density of a substance’s solid is______of its liquid.A.than the higher densityB.higher than the densityC.the density is higher than thatD.the higher the density5.Liberals tend to favour______conservatives do.A.more than immediate social changeB.change more immediate than socialC.more immediate social change thanD.social change more than immediate6.Light comes in_______the window.A.byB.throughC.out ofD.in7.The young worker expressed the indignation_______being dismissed without any reason.A.forB.atC.toD.of8.Science has brought_______many changes in our life.A.outB.intoC.aboutD.forward9.______onetime,Manchester,New Hampshire,was the home of the most productive cotton mills in the world.A.OnB.AtC.ByD.To10.If something is out_______the question,it is impossible.A.ofB.toC.withD.in11.She told me that an earthquake______in my hometown.A.occurredB.had occurredC.was occurredD.has occurred12.Have you got used______in a totally strange country?A.to liveB.to have livedC.to livingD.to be living13.We’d rather you______the account tomorrow.A.settledB.settleC.would settleD.will settle14.______the large amount of time devoted to listening every day,most collegestudents do not listen effectively.A.MoreoverB.NeverthelessC.DespiteD.Furthermore15.The Smithsonian Institution preserves more than sixty-five million items of scientific,historical,or artistic interest,______winning the popular title"attic of the nation."A.howeverB.thusC.andD.moreover16.If the sun______,the players could have finished the game.A.had shineB.did shineC.were shiningD.had shone17.If she______the measles,she could have gone to the park.A.hadn'tB.hadn't hadC.had hadD.haven't18.If we_______,we could have made it.A.had worked hardB.would have worked hardC.did worked hardD.work hard19.The policemen would have caught the murderer_______a few minutesearlier.A.were they to arriveB.had they arrivedC.if they should have arrivedD.if they would have arrived20.Had Paul received six more votes in the last election,he_______ our chairman now.A.must have beenB.would have beenC.wereD.would be二、完型填空（共计20分）There are more than forty universities in Britain—nearly twice as many as in1960.During the1960s eight completely new ones were founded,and ten other new ones were created1converting oldcolleges of technologys into universities.In the same period the2of students more than doubled, from70,000to3than200,000.By1973about10%of men aged from eighteen 4twenty-one were inuniversities and about5%of women.All the universities are private institutions.Each has its5governing councils, 6some local businessmen and local politicians as7a few academics(大学教师).The statebegan to give grants to them fifty years8,and by1970 each university derived nearly all its9from stategrants.Students have to10fees and living costs,but every student may receive from the local authorityof the place11he lives a personal grant which is enough to pay his full costs,including lodging and12unless his parents are 13.Most14take jobs in the summer15about six weeks,but they do notnormallydo outside16during the academic year.The Department of Education takes17for the payment whichcover the whole expenditure of the18,but it does not exercise direct control.It can have an important influence19new developments through its power to distribute funds,but it takes the advice of theUniversity Grants Committee,a body which is mainly20of academics.1.A.with B.by C.at D.into2.A.amount B.quantity C.lot D.number3.A.more B.much C.less D.fewer4.A.with B.to C.from D.beyond5.A.self B.kind C.own D.personal6.A.making B.consisting C.including D.taking7.A.good B.long C.little D.well8.A.ago B.before C.after D.ever9.A.suggestions B.grades C.profits D.funds10.A.make B.pay C.change D.delay11.A.what B.which C.where D.how12.A.living B.drinking C.food D.shelter13.A.poor B.generous C.kindhearted D.rich14.A.professors B.students C.politicians D.businessmen15.A.at B.since C.with D.for16.A.travel B.work C.experiment D.study17.A.responsibility B.advice C.duty D.pleasureernment B.school C.universities mittees19.A.at B.to C.on D.form20.A.consisted posed C.made D.taken三、阅读理解：(共25分)George Washington did not wish to commute far from Mount Vernon c.a tidal river nearby made for easy ocean access d.Virginia wanted to get rid of some land PETS3Text1After a busy day of work and play,the body needs to rest.Sleep is necessary for good health.During this time,the body recovers from the activities of the previous day.The rest that you get while sleeping enables your body to prepare itself for the next day. There are four levels of sleep,each being a little deeper than the one before.As you sleep,your muscles relax little by little.Your heart beats more slowly,and your brain slows down.After you reach the fourth level,your body shifts back and forth from one level of sleep to the other.Although your mind slows down,from time to time you will dream. Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs,your eyeballs begin to move more quickly(Although your eyelids are closed).This stage of sleep is called REM,which stands for rapid eye movement.If you have trouble falling asleep,some people recommend breathing very deeply.Other people believe that drinking warm milk will help make youdrowsy.There is also an old suggestion the counting sheep will put you to sleep!1.A good title for this is____.A.SleepC.DreamsB.Good HealthD.Work and Rest2.The word drowsy in the last paragraph means____.A.sickC.asleepB.stand upD.a little sleepy3.This suggests that not getting enough sleep might make you_____.A.dream more often C.nervousB.have poor health D.breathe quickly4.During REM,____.A.your eyes move quickly C.you are restlessB.you dreamD.both A and B5.The average number of hours of sleep that an adult needs is______.A.approximately six hoursB.around ten hoursC.about eight hoursD.not stated here四、书面表达：草拟一份中学通知，用一段话说明以下要点：参观日期：5月25日，星期天时间：早上8点钟出发。
大学英语英语四级练习题(含答案) (1)
大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1. The tourists ________ through the fog, trying to read what was engraved on the gravestone Shakespeare had chosen for hiself.A. glancedB. glimpedC. peeredD. peeped2. After visiting the Holy Trinity Church, the boys _______ leaving so long that they almost missed the last train to London.A. put offB. delayedC. stoppedD. halted3. Having kissed her son, Eve gave him a dismissive _________ towards the car.A. pushB. pullC. drawD. drag4. There is _________ telling what the tiger will do when it is cornered.A. nothingB. noneC. noD. no5. The members in the testing team were quite _______ and could change their schedule upon request.A. lenientB. suppleC. flexibleD. gentle6. Light comes in _______ the window.A. byB. throughC. out ofD. in7. The young worker expressed the indignation _______ being dismissed without any reason.A. forB. atC. toD. of8. The Chairman was evidently _____ by Jim’s words and glared at him for a few seconds.A. put downB. put acrossC. put awayD. put out9. Peter would no more scribble all over a first edition of Gone with the Wind than he’d give his son _____ Picasso.A. an existingB. an actualC. an originalD. an inventive10. Norris has decided to ______ for some evening closes next term now that he has settled down in New York.A. enrollB. enlistC. engageD. enter11. The leaders were seen _____ in the hall but they didn't make known the problems_____.A. be assembling, discussedB. assembling, discussedC. assembled, discussingD. be assembled, discussing12. Suddenly we felt the atmosphere _____ tense.A. to growB. grownC. growD. grew13. The plan _____ read, a heated discussion began.A. had beenB. has beenC. having beenD. was14. ---- Why don’t we take a little break ?---- Didn’t we just have ______ ?A. itB. thatC. oneD. this15. ____,Internet writers do make impressive progress.A.Encouraging and praisingB.To be encouraged and praisedC.Encouraged and praisedD.To encourage and praised16. In the west, people make ___ a rule to send Christmas presents to their relatives and friends.A. thisB. thatC. itD. the following17. --Is there a flight to London this evening?--There ____ be. I’ll phone the airport and find it out.A. mustB. has toC. mightD. ought to18. He called the police for help, ____ that the problem was more than he could deal with.A. having been realizedB. to realizeC. realizedD. realizing19. --- How much is the desk?---it__ninety-nine pounds.( )A. costsB. Pays toC. spendsD. Takes is20. I am afraid I won't be able to keep in touch__him.( )A. To goB. For ifC. withD. By too二、单词拼写（共计15分）1.Mr. Li moved to the seashore in his f______(四十来岁).2.H______(听到) the good news, we all jumped with joy.3.I changed into my sports shoes so that I could walk more c_______(舒服).4.W_______(星期三) is the fourth day of a week.5.Walking every day keep me f_____(健康) than before.三、阅读理解：(共30分)Many people believe the glare from snow causes snowblindnenss. Yet, dark glasses or not , they find themselves suffering from headaches and watering eyes,and even snowblindness,when exposed to several hours of "snow light" .The United States Army has now determined that glare from snow does not cause snowblindness in troops in a snow-covered country.Rather, a man's eyes frequently find nothing to foucs on in a broad expanse of barrensnow-covered terrain. So his gaze continually shifts and jumps back and forth over the entire landscape in search of tsomething to look at. Finding nothing, hour after hour, the eyes never sotp searching and the eyeballs become sore and the eye muscles ache. Nature offsets this irritation by producing more and fluid which covers the eyeball. The fluid coversthe eyeball in increasing quantity until vision blurs, then is obsured,and the result is total, even though temporary,snowblindness. Experiments led the Army to a simple method of overcoming this problem. Scouts ahead of a main body of troops are trained to shake snow from evergreen bushes, creating a dotted line as they cross completely snow-covered landscape,Even the scouts themselves throw lightweight , dark colored objects ahead on which they too can focus . The men following can then see something.Their gaze is arresteD. Their eyes focus on a bush and having found something to see,stop scouring the snow-blanketed lanscape. By focusing their attention on one object at a time,the men can cross the snow without becoming hopelessly snowblind or lost. In this way the problem of crossing a solid white terrain is overcome.1.To prevent headaches, watering eyes and blindness caused by the glare from snow, dark glasses are_____.A.indispensibleefulC.ineffectiveD.available2.When the eyes are sore tears are produced to ________.A.clear the visionB.remedy snowblindnessC.ease the irritationD.loosen the muscles3.Snowblindness may be avoided by_______.A.concentrating to the solid white terrainB.searching for something to look at in snow-covered terrainC.providing the eyes with something to foucs onD.covering the eyeballs with fluid4.The scouts shake snow from evergreen bushes in order to _______.A.bive the men behind something to seeB.beautify the landscapeC.warm themselves in the coldD.prevent the men behind from losing their way5.A suitable title for this would be _______.A.snowblindness and how to overcome itB.natrue's cure for snowblindnessC.soldiers in the snowD.snow vision四、书面表达：以“上元节”为题，语句通顺，表达完整；词数120词左右。
大学英语英语四级练习卷(及答案) (1)
大学英语四级试练习卷一、阅读理解阅读理解（一）The earliest controversies about the relationship between photography and art centered on whether photograph’s fidelity to appearances and dependence on a machine allowed it to be a fine art as distinct from merely a practical art. Throughout the nineteenth century, the defence of photography was identical with the struggle to establish it as a fine art. Against the charge that photography was a soulless, mechanical copying of reality, photographers asserted that it was instead a privileged way of seeing, a revolt against commonplace vision, and no less worthy an art than painting.Ironically, now that photography is securely established as a fine art, many photographers find it pretentious or irrelevant to label it as such. Serious photographers variously claim to be finding, recording, impartially observing, witnessing events, exploring themselves—anything but making works of art. They are no longer willing to debate whether photography is or is not a fine art, except to proclaim that their own work is not involved with art. It shows the extent to which they simply take for granted the concept of art imposed by the triumph of Modernism: the better the art, the more subversive it is of the traditional aimsof art.Photographers’ disclaimers of any interest in making art tell us more about the harried status of the contemporary notion of art than about whether photography is or is not art. For example, those photographers who suppose that, by taking pictures, they are getting away from the pretensions of art as exemplified by painting remind us of those Abstract Expressionist painters who imagined they were getting away from the intellectual austerity of classical Modernist painting by concentrating on the physical act of painting. Much of photography’s prestige today derives from the convergence of its aims with those of recent art, particularly with the dismissal of abstract art implicit in the phenomenon of Pop painting during the 1960’s. Appreciating photographs is a relief to sensibilities tired of the mental exertions demanded by abstract art. Classical Modernist painting—that is, abstract art as developed in different ways by Picasso, Kandinsky, and Matisse—presupposes highly developed skills of looking and a familiarity with other paintings and the history of art. Photography, like Pop painting, reassures viewers that art is not hard; photography seems to be more about its subjects than about art.Photography, however, has developed all the anxieties andself-consciousness of a classic Modernist art. Many professionals privately have begun to worry that the promotion of photography as anactivity subversive of the traditional pretensions of art has gone so far that the public will forget that photography is a distinctive and exalted activity—in short, an art.1. What is the author mainly concerned with? The author is concerned with[A]. defining the Modernist attitude toward art.[B]. explaining how photography emerged as a fine art.[C]. explaining the attitude of serious contemporary photographers toward photography as art and placing those attitudes in their historical context.[D]. defining the various approaches that serious contemporary photographers take toward their art and assessing the value of each of those approaches.2. Which of the following adjectives best describes “the concept of art imposed by the triumph of Modernism” as the author represents it in lines 12—13?[A]. Objective [B]. Mechanical. [C]. Superficial. [D]. Paradoxical.3. Why does the author introduce Abstract Expressionist painter?[A]. He wants to provide an example of artists who, like serious contemporary photographers, disavowed traditionally accepted aims of modern art.[B]. He wants to set forth an analogy between the Abstract Expressionist painters and classical Modernist painters.[C]. He wants to provide a contrast to Pop artist and others.[D]. He wants to provide an explanation of why serious photography, like other contemporary visual forms, is not and should not pretend to be an art.4. How did the nineteenth-century defenders of photography stress the photography?[A]. They stressed photography was a means of making people happy.[B]. It was art for recording the world.[C]. It was a device for observing the world impartially.[D]. It was an art comparable to painting.阅读理解（二）Nearly two thousand years have passed since a census decreed by Caesar Augustus become part of the greatest story ever told. Many things have changed in the intervening years. The hotel industry worries more about overbuilding than overcrowding, and if they had to meet an unexpected influx, few inns would have a manager to accommodate the weary guests. Now it is the census taker that does the traveling in the fond hope that a highly mobile population will stay long enough to get a good sampling. Methods of gathering, recording, and evaluating information have presumably been improved a great deal. And where then it was the modest purpose of Rome to obtain a simple head count as an adequate basis for levying taxes, now batteries of complicated statistical series furnishedby governmental agencies and private organizations are eagerly scanned and interpreted by sages and seers to get a clue to future events. The Bible does not tell us how the Roman census takers made out, and as regards our more immediate concern, the reliability of present day economic forecasting, there are considerable differences of opinion. They were aired at the celebration of the 125th anniversary of the American Statistical Association. There was the thought that business forecasting might well be on its way from an art to a science, and some speakers talked about newfangled computers and high-falutin mathematical system in terms of excitement and endearment which we, at least in our younger years when these things mattered, would have associated more readily with the description of a fair maiden. But others pointed to the deplorable record of highly esteemed forecasts and forecasters with a batting average below that of the Mets, and the President-elect of the Association cautioned that “high powered statistical methods are usually in order where the facts are crude and inadequate, the exact contrary of what crude and inadequate statisticians assume.” We left his birthday party somewhere between hope and despair and with the conviction, not really newly acquired, that proper statistical methods applied to ascertainable facts have their merits in economic forecasting as long as neither forecaster nor public is deluded into mistaking the delineation of probabilities and trends for a prediction of certainties of mathematical exactitude.1. Taxation in Roman days apparently was based on[A]. wealth. [B]. mobility. [C]. population. [D]. census takers.2. The American Statistical Association[A]. is converting statistical study from an art to a science.[B]. has an excellent record in business forecasting.[C]. is neither hopeful nor pessimistic.[D]. speaks with mathematical exactitude.3. The message the author wishes the reader to get is[A]. statisticians have not advanced since the days of the Roman.[B]. statistics is not as yet a science.[C]. statisticians love their machine.[D].computer is hopeful.4. The “greatest story ever told” referred to in the passage is the story of[A]. Christmas. [B]. The Mets.[C]. Moses. [D]. Roman Census Takers.二、完型填空完型填空（一）Most parents, I suppose, have had the experience of reading a bedtime story to their children.And they must have 1 how difficult it is to write a 2 children’s book.Either the author has aimed too 3 , so that the children can’t follow what is in his (or more often, her) story, 4 thestory seems to be talking tothe readers. The best children’s books are 5 very difficult nor very simple, and satisfy both the 6 who hears thestory and the adult who 7 it.Unfortunately, there are in fact 8 books like this, 9 the problem of findingthe right bedtime story is not 10 to solve. This may be why many of books regarded as 11 of children’s literature were in fact written for 12 .“Alice’s Adventure in Wonderland”is perhaps the most 13 of this.Children, left for themselves, often 14 the worst possible interest in literature.Just leave a child inbookshop o 15 and he will 16 willingly choose the books written in an imaginative way, or have a look at most children’s comics, full of the stories and jokes which are the 17 of teachers and right-thinkingparents.Perhaps we parents should stop trying to brainwash childrensintos 18 our taste in literature.After allchildren and adults are so 19 that we parents should not expect that they will enjoy the 20 books.So I suppose we’ll just have to compromise over that bedtime story.1.A.hoped B.realized C.told D.said2.A.short B.long C.bad D.good3.A.easy B.short C.high D.difficult4.A.and B.but C.or D.so5.A.both B.neither C.either D.very6.A.child B.father C.mother D.teacher.7.A.hears B.buys C.understands D.reads8.A.few B.many C.a great deal of D.a great number of9.A.but B.however C.so D.because10A.hard B.easy C.enoughD.fast11.A.articles B.work C.arts D.works12.A.grown ups B.girls C.boys D.children13.A.difficult B.hidden C.obvious D.easy14.A.are B.show C.find D.add15.A.school B.home C.office D.library16.A.more B.less C.able D.be17.A.lovingness B.interests C.objections D.readings18.A.receiving B.accepting C.having D.refusing19.A.same B.friendly C.different monmon B.avarage C.different D.Same完型填空（二）A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divide--the division of the world into theinfo(information) rich and the info poor. And that __1__ does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this loomingdanger twenty years ago. What was less __2__ then, however, were the new, positive __3__ that work against thedigital divide.__4__,there are reasons to be __5__.There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more __6__, it is in the interest of business to universalizeaccess-after all, the more people online, the more potential __7__ there are. More and more __8__, afraid their countries will be left __9__, want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be __10__ together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will __11__ rather than widen in the years ahea D. And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for __12__ world poverty that we've ever ha D.Of course, the use of the Internet isn't the only way to __13__ poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has __14__ potential.To __15__ advantage of this tool, some poor countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices __16__ respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is a/an __17__ of their sovereignty might well study the history of __18__ (the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States. When the United States built its industrial infrastructure, it didn't have the capital to do so. And that is __19__ America's Second Wave infrastructure-__20__ roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on-were built with foreign investment.1. A) divide B) information C) world D) lecture2. A) obscure B) visible C) invisible D) indistinct3. A) forces B) obstacles C) events D) surprises4. A) Seriously B) Entirely C) Actually D) Continuously5. A) negative B) optimistic C) pleasant D) disappointed6. A) developed B) centralized C) realized D) commercialized7. A) users B) producers C) customers D) citizens8. A) enterprises B) governments C) officials D) customers9. A) away B) for C) aside D) behind10. A) netted B) worked C) put D) organized11. A) decrease B) narrow C) neglect D) low12. A) containing B) preventing C) keeping D) combating13. A) win B) detail C) defeat D) fear14. A) enormous B) countless C) numerical D) big15. A) bring B) keep C) hold D) take16. A) at B) with C) of D) for17. A) offence B) investment C) invasion D) insult18. A) construction B) facility C) infrastructure D) institution19. A) why B) where C) when D) how20. A) concerning B) concluding C) according D) including三、翻译1、 The train was delayed on account of snow.翻译：__________________________________________________.2. You need to check in on hour before the flight.翻译：___________________________________________________3. Thoughts can also be expressed by means of musiC.翻译：________________________________________________________4、The shop is now licensed to sell cigarettes.翻译：__________________________________________________.5、You mustn’t let the body temperature drop too low.翻译：________________________________________________________参考答案：一、阅读理解：阅读理解（一）答案祥解1. C. 说明当代严肃的摄影家对摄影作为艺术的态度，并把他们这些态度放在历史的进程来观察。
2022年12月全国大学英语四级考试真题和答案解析(第一套)
2022年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第1套)PartI Writing(30minutes) Directions: In this task, you are to write an essay on the importance of developing a healthy lifestyle among college students. You will have 30 minutes for the task. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.PartⅡListening Comprehension(25minutes) Section ADirections: In this section,you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1 with a single line through the centre.Questions1and2are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)A free car show.B)A yearly concert.C) A pipe band contest.D)A sports competition.2.A)Contribute a lot to the local economy.B)Improve the image of Glasgow city.C) Enrich the local culture of Glasgow.D)Entertain people in local communities.Questions3and4are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)Dangerous ice melts in Greenland.B) Surprising rise in global sea levels.C) Changing weather patterns in summer.D)Record growth of Greenland's ice sheets.4.A)It lasted three months.B)It began in late May.C) It ended a month earlier than before.D) It started a month earlier than usualQuestions5to7are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)Local policemen came across bundles of t20 notes.B)Bundles of f20 notes kept turning up.C) A villager was searching for his lost cash.D)A bundle containing thousands of pounds got stolen.6.A)They return it to the finder.B) They give it to charity.C) They place a notice in The Northern Echo.D) They hand it over to the local government.7.A)They cooperated well with the police.B) They enjoyed a fairly affluent life.C) They had a strong community spirit.D) They were puzzled by the mysterySection BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions8to11are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)Excited.B)Strange.C) Delighted.D)Indifferent.9.A)Talk about future plans with friends.B)Look back on their years at school.C) Call on their relatives and friends.D)Search for the meaning of their life.10.A)He looks forward to receiving presents from his close friends.B)He enjoys celebrating others' birthdays rather than his own.C) He loves them but does not want to make a fuss.D)He prefers to have them shown on social media.11.A)Extend invitation to those he trusts most.B) Make it an occasion to collect donations.C) Hold it on a modest scale to remove birthday anxieties.D) View it as a chance for people to socialize and have funQuestions12to15are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)There was too long a delay.B) There was a terrible smell.C) It was absolutely exhausting.D)She got off at the wrong station.13.A)She hasn't saved enough money.B)She is used to taking public transport.C) She is worried about traffic jams.D)She hasn't passed the driving test yet.14.A)They are popular.B) They are a bit expensive for her.C) They are dangerous.D) They are environmentally friendly.15.A)By renting a bike.B)By sharing a ride.C) By bus.D)By joggingSection CDirections: In this section,you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.Questions16to18are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)He is a deaf person working in IT.B) He is a sign language interpreter.C) He doesn't like speaking at meetings.D) He doesn't use email or text messages.17.A)Big advances in sign language.B) Transformation in the IT industry.C) Improved communication skills.D)Speech recognition technology.18.A)He can avoid being mistaken.B)He can understand with ease.C) He can take notes on the spot.D) He can see the speakers' images.Questions19to21are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)To find pure white walls shining.B) To enter a house well looked after.C) To see cheerful colours all around.D) To get a hug from family members20.A)Painting the interior of their cupboards.B)Doing the painting job all by themselves.C) Designing all window frames the same way.D) Choosing a colour because it is fashionable.21.A)Paint the wooden frameworks and walls the same colour.B) Match the room's ceiling with all the furniture in colour.C) Hang landscape paintings all round.D) Fit most of the cupboards into walls.Questions22to25are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A)Children should start reading at age 3.B) Reading to their children is important.C) Reading is a habit every child can develop.D)Children must read at least 3 times a week.23.A)The speed of their brain development in infancy.B) The number of books they have read by age four.C) The number and quality of books parents read to them in infancy.D) The quality and quantity of time parents spend playing with them.24.A)Books telling very interesting stories.B) Books with pictures of dolls and toys.C) Books describing the lives of animals.D) Books with specifically labeled images.25.A)Share experience with other parents.B) Create picture books for their children.C) Choose carefully what to read to their children.D)Read as many books as possible to their children.Reading Comprehension(40minutes)PartⅢSection ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Readthe passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Phones influence all aspects of teenage life. Ninety-five percent of Americans ages 13 to17 have a smartphone or have access to one, and nearly half report using the intern et“almost26 ”But as recent survey data and interviews have suggested, many teens find much of that time to be unsatisfyingly spent. Continuous 27 shouldn't be mistaken for endless enjoyment. A new 28 representative survey about“screen time and device distractions”from the Pew Research Center indicates that it's not just parents who think teenagers are worryingly. 29from their phones—many teens themselves do too. Fifty-four percent of the 13-to- 17-year-olds surveyed said they spend too much time 30in their phones.Vicky Rideout, who runs a research firm that studies children's interactions with media and technology, was not surprised by this finding. She says it's hardly .31 to teenagers. “They are dealing with the same challenges that adults are, as far as they are living in the32of a tech environment designed to suck as much of their time onto their devices as possible,”Rideout says.The way parents interact with technology can 33 t he way they interact with their kids. Rideout thus thinks it's up to parents to model good 34:Kids tend to take note if their parents put their phone away at dinner or charge it in another room while they sleep. Witnessing habits like that can help kids“realize that they can 35 some more control over their devices,”she says.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.Evil GeniusA)A few years ago I found myself teaching a university class on evil.It was for third-yearcriminology students to help them contextualize theory and research within controversial current topics. It was a huge success. The debates were heated and interesting. I could see people's views change within the course of a single lecture. Over the past 13 years,as a student, lecturer and researcher, I've enjoyed discussing the science of evil with anyone willing to listen. What I like most is destroying the cliche(陈词滥调)of good and evil, and replacing them with scientific insight. We need a more informed way of discussing behavior that at first we cannot, or should not, begin to understand.B)Without understanding, we risk dehumanizing others, writing off human beings simplybecause we don't comprehend them. We must try to understand what we have labeled evil.We tend to think evil is something that other people are. We think of ourselves as“good people”,and even when we do morally wrong things, we understand the context of our decisions.With others, however, it is far easier to write them off.If their actions deviate (偏离)substantially from what we consider acceptable, we may label them evil. We need to be careful with this. Calling someone evil is often similar to saying they cannot change, and perhaps aren't even a human at all. However, when you actually go monster-hunting, and you look deeply at the people behind shocking behavior, you may be surprised.C) As a child I used to love the Scooby-Doo cartoons. Arriving in thei r“Mystery Machine”,the gang would have to find a monster who was terrorizing a neighborhood. They would run around looking for clues and at the end unmask the bad guy. It was always a normal person in a costume. There were no monsters.Like the Scooby crew,we may find ourselves hunting for an easy fix, one word for people who do bad things. But if we take a good look, the word“evil”is insufficient—there are no simple explanations for why humans do bad things: instead there are many,and they are all marvelously different.D)Evil is typically referred to when there is deviance from social norms:formal deviance isthe violation of laws, like theft, murder, and attacks, while informal deviance involves violations of social norms,like lying.Evil behavior is typically thought to embrace one or both forms. However, deviance can also describe a behavior that simply differs from the norm.E)Perhaps this is where we can find the good side of our bad side.Deviating from the normcan make us villains(恶棍),but it can also make us heroes. A child deviates from social pressures when they stand up for another child being bullied in school.A soldier deviates when they choose not to follow orders to kill an innocent civilian. An employee in a big tech company deviates when they expose its wrongdoings.F)Creativity is also a deviation. Here, too, things are complex. Thinking creatively has givenus modern medicine, technology and modern political structures, but it has also given us poison and nuclear weapons. Great benefit and great harm can come from the same human tendency.G)In a research paper, Evil Genius, published in 2014,the behavioral scientists FrancescaGino and Scott Wiltermuth wanted to examine whether people who behave unethically in one task are more creative than others on a subsequent task,even after controlling for differences in baseline creative skills. The unethical behavior they chose was dishonesty.H) Over five experiments researchers gave participants tasks in which they could cheat. Inone study,they were given matrixes(矩阵)and had to find two numbers that added up to10.Participants were asked to self-report how well they did at the end of the study:59%cheated by saying that they solved more matrixes than they actually had.I)After each task, the researchers measured participants'performance on the RemoteAssociates Test. This shows participants three words at a time that appear to be unrelated, and the person has to think of a fourth word that is associated with all of them. For example,you might get“Fox, Man, Peep”,or“Dust,Cereal,Fish”.In order to find the linking words(“Hole”for the first,“Bowl”for the second) you need to be creative. The more you get right, the more creative you are thought to be because you have come upwith uncommon associations.J)For every one of the five studies, they found the same thing—participants who cheated in the first task did better on the creativity task. Why? Like other forms of unethical behavior, lying means breaking rules. It involves being deviant, going against the social principle that people should tell the truth.Similarly, being creative involves“thinking outside the box”, deviating from expectations. They involve similar thought patterns, so stimulating one stimulates the other. Can we learn from this? Perhaps. To be more creative,we could try lying in controlled environment. Find online logic games and cheat at them, play Scrabble (拼字游戏)with a dictionary, or write a story about something that is untrue? Such tasks can get our brains thinking flexibly, beyond our normal comfort zone. This is not a call to become a compulsive(强迫性的)liar,but a controlled liar.K)In addition to benefits for creativity,deviance can be a good thing in other ways. Even Philip Zimbardo, the author of the Stanford prison experiment, who showed how easily we can be led to behave badly, believes that the future of deviance research may lie more in understanding extreme pro-social behavior, such as heroism.Like evil,we often view heroism as only a possibility for outliers—for people who are abnormal.But Zimbardo asks:“What if the capability to act heroicallyis also fundamentally ordinary and available to all of us?”Some say we should never meet our heroes, lest they disappoint us when we find out how normal they are. But this should be liberating, not disappointing. We are all capable of behaving like outliers. It's time for us to understand deviance, and realize its potential for good as well as for harm.36.A behavior that does not conform to social norms may be described as being deviant.37.Various experiments found that participants who cheated in the initial task performed better in the creativity test.38.People may be simply considered evil if their behaviors are morally unacceptable to us.39.The research published by two scientists was intended to examine the relationship between dishonesty and creativity.40.The author's lectures sparked lively discussions in his class.41.The researchers tested the participants' creativity by asking them to play a word game.42. It is time we realized that deviance may be capable of doing both good and harm to individuals and society.43. The reasons for people's evil behaviors can be explained in more ways than one.44. The math task in one experiment was designed to test participants' tendency to cheat.45.Some creative ideas have turned out to do harm to human society.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.Even though we are living in an age where growing old is thought of as an inevitable misery,this doctor has been changing the game for seniors over the last 25 years.It all started in 1991 when the Harvard-educated physician was transferred from working in a stressful emergency room to being the medical director of a nursing home in upstate New York. The depressing and regimented(严格管制的)environment got him thinking on what exactly could improve the residents' conditions.Even though animals in nursing homes were illegal at the time, Dr. Bill Thomas took a chance. Based on a hunch(直觉),he brought in two dogs,four cats, hens, rabbits, 100 birds,a multitude of plants,a flower garden, and a vegetable patch.The change was dramatic. There was a 50% drop in medical prescriptions along with a dramatic decrease in death rates—but most importantly,the residents were simply happier.Dr. Thomas's approach, named the Eden Alternative, has driven nursing homes to allow a more autonomous (自主的)and creative living space for their elderly.It erases the belief that growing old means growing useless. He encourages residents to think of their age as an enriching new phase of life rather than the end of it.Thomas, now a speaker and author of several books, also created small, independently-run residences with their own bedrooms and bathrooms,and he has been preaching a singular message that getting old is not a bad thing.“Within six weeks, they had to send a truck around to pick up all the wheelchairs,”Thomas told theWashington Post.“You know why most people in nursing homes use wheelchairs? Because the buildings are so big.”The 56-year-old doctor's methods have been adopted in Australia, Japan, Canada, and America with enormous success. Last year he published Second Wind:Navigating the Passage to a Slower, Deeper, and More Connected Life,a guide on how to shift our perspectives on aging and growth.He is currently traveling through North America performing with his guitar and his enthusiasm on his Age of Disruption Tour.46.What has Bill Thomas been doing for a quarter of a century?A) Transforming people's lifestyle.B) Honoring his Harvard education.C) Changing people's philosophy of life.D)Shifting people's perspective on aging.47.Why did Bill Thomas try something different in the nursing home?A) He wanted to make it more pleasant for seniors.B) He wanted to apply his Harvard training to practice.C) He felt it his duty to revolutionize its management.D)He felt disappointed working in the environment.48.What do we learn about Bill Thomas bringing animals and plants into the nursing home?A) He made a mess of the nursing home.B) He did something all professionals would do.C) He won instant support from the state authorities.D) He acted in violation of the state law.49.What has Bill Thomas been persistently advocating?A) Good health is not just a privilege of the young.B)Nursing homes should be strictly limited in size.C) Getting old is by no means something miserable.D) Residences for seniors should be run independently.50.How is Bill Thomas's new concept received?A) It is gaining ground in many countries.B)It is being heatedly debated worldwide.C) It is considered revolutionary everywhere.D)It is winning approval from the government.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.Research shows that in developed countries, more affluent and educated people tend to consume higher quality diets—including more fruits and vegetables, fish and whole grains. On the contrary,economically disadvantaged people report diets that are nutrient-poor and energy-dense. They are less likely to have food purchasing habits that conform to public health recommendations.These dietary differences are often accompanied by higher rates of obesity and diabetes among lower income people. This relationship between social class and diet quality and health is extensively documented. However, the research does not explain why this is the case—a question that has significant implications for designing effective policies and initiatives to improve diets and prevent chronic diseases.Public-health initiatives to promote healthy diets often focus on providing nutrition education and recipes (食谱).These approaches, however,often presume less food literacy(i.e.food knowledge and skills) among low-income people.Are unhealthy diets really the result of poor choices, limited food skills and knowledge?Research suggests that adults in food-insecure households are just as likely as those in food-secure households to adjust recipes to make them more healthy. They are also just as proficient in food preparation and cooking skills. There is no indication that increasing food skills or budgeting skills will reduce food insecurity.Instead, disadvantaged groups are constrained by their economic,material and social circumstances. For example,low income is the strongest predictor of food insecurity in Canada, where one in eight households experiences insufficient access to nutritious foods.It's well-established that food prices are an important determinant of food choice. Low-income households report that they find it difficult to adopt dietary guidelines because food prices are a barrier to improving their diets.When researchers estimate the cost of diets people actually eat, higher-quality diets are typically more costly.While this may be so, it does not, in itself, prove that healthy diets are necessarily more expensive or cost prohibitive. After all, not all socioeconomically disadvantaged people consume poor diets.We can easily think of a number of foods and recipes that are both inexpensive and nutritious. The internet is full of recipes for“eating well on a budget.”51.What can we learn from research on diets in developed countries?A)Dietary recommendations are not fit for underprivileged people.B)People from different social groups vary in their dietary habits.C) People's choice of food depends on their individual taste.D) There is no consensus on what high-quality diets are.52.What does the author say is important in formulating policies to improve diets and health?A)A better understanding of the relationship between social class and health.B)A greater emphasis on studying the cause of obesity and chronic diseases.C) Prioritizing the provision of better nutrition for lower classes.D)Designing education programs and initiatives on public health.53.What does research reveal about adults in food-insecure households?A) Their eating habits need to be changed.B) Their food literacy has been improving.C) They do not pay much attention to their food recipes.D) They do not lack food knowledge or budgeting skills.54.What would help improve food security among the disadvantaged groups in Canada?A) Teaching them budgeting skills.B)Increasing their food choices.C) Enabling them to have more access to nutritious foods.D) Taking more effective measures to increase food supplies.55.What does the author suggest disadvantaged people do to improve their health?A)Adopt a positive attitude towards dietary guidelines.B)Choose diets that are both healthy and affordable.C) Make sure to purchase healthy foods on the internet.D) Change their eating habits and consumption patterns.Part IV Translation(30minutes) Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passagefrom Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.在中国农历中，立秋(Start of Autumn) 意味着夏天的结束和秋天的开始。
2023年12月四级试题
2023年12月四级试题四级试题一：What do you think is the best way to lose weight? (请你回答)答案：The best way to lose weight is through a combination of healthy eating and exercise. A balanced diet that is low in fat and sugar and high in fiber, as well as regular exercise, particularly aerobic exercise like running or swimming, can help to effectively lose weight while also improving overall health.四级试题二：What are the most important skills for success in the workplace? (请你回答)答案：The most important skills for success in the workplace include communication skills, teamwork skills, problem-solving skills, time management skills, and leadership skills. These skills are essential for effective collaboration with colleagues, successful completion of projects, and career development.四级试题三：What is the best way to improve your English proficiency? (请你回答)答案：The best way to improve your English proficiency is through consistent practice and immersion. Regularly engaging in speaking, listening, reading, and writing activities in English, as well as surroundyourself with English through media and cultural experiences, can helpto improve your language skills significantly.四级试题四：What is the most effective way to improve your memory? (请你回答)答案：The most effective way to improve your memory is through regular exercise and a balanced diet. Physical exercise can improve the health of your brain and promote the growth of new neurons, while a diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, and fruits and vegetables can also enhance cognitive function and memory.四级试题五：What is the most important factor in determining a person's success? (请你回答)答案：The most important factor in determining a person's success is their attitude. A positive and determined attitude leads to greater motivation and effort, which can help a person to overcome challenges and achieve their goals. Conversely, a negative attitude can prevent a person from achieving success even if they have great talent or ability.四级试题六：What is the best way to manage stress? (请你回答)答案：The best way to manage stress is through relaxation techniques and stress management methods. Techniques like deepbreathing, yoga, meditation, and positive thinking can help to reduce stress levels and improve mental well-being. Additionally, maintaining healthy habits like regular exercise, a balanced diet, and sufficient sleep can also help to manage stress effectively.四级试题七：What is the most important quality for being a good leader? (请你回答)答案：The most important quality for being a good leader is empathy. Empathy allows leaders to connect with their team members, understand their needs and perspectives, and create a sense of unity and purpose. Empathy also helps leaders to motivate and inspire their teams towards achieving common goals.四级试题八：What is the best way to save money? (请你回答)答案：The best way to save money is through budgeting and planning. Regularly assessing your income and expenses, creating a budget that allocates funds for necessary expenses and savings goals, and being mindful of unnecessary spending can help you to save money effectively. Additionally, finding ways to earn extra income can also contribute to saving goals.。
大学英语四级考试练习题-一--参考答案
大学英语四级考试练习题一答案分析Part I WritingShould College Students Hold Credit Cards?With the rapid development of the economy, credit cards have been winding their way into campus life. According to a recent survey, the number of college students who possess one or more credit cards has been increasing continually during the past five years.With credit cards, college students can buy a wide variety of goods, especially those of great and urgent needs, such as daily necessities, electronic products, stationery and books. That can help to improve the quality of students9 life. However, holding a credit card may also make one purchase on impulse, which may result in a heavy financial burden and even a credit crisis.As far as I'm concerned, credit cards are not necessities for college students. And for those who already have a credit card, I think it is quite important to set up a concept of rational consumption.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1. A2. C3. C4. D5. B6. A7. C8. financial9. real-life 10. renewed1.A)o根据第——段第二句"Most graduate programs in American universities produce a product for which there is no market and develop skills for which there is decreasing demand” 可知，研究生教育所面临的主要问题是无法满足的市场需求。
最新大学英语四级真题试卷及答案试卷一(完整版)资料
Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your friends who helped you most when you were in difficulty. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part ⅡListening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A)The International Labor Organization’s key objective.B)The basic social protection for the most vulnerable.C)Rising unemployment worldwide.D)Global economic recovery.2. A)Many countries have not taken measures to create enough jobs.B)Few countries know how to address the current economic crisis.C)Few countries have realized the seriousness of the current crisis.D)Many countries need support to improve their people’s livelihood.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A)Serve standardized food nationwide.B)Put calorie information on the menu.C)Increase protein content in the food.D)Offer convenient food to customers.4. A)They will be fined.B)They will be closed.C)They will get a warning.D)They will lose customers.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A)Inability to implement their business plans.B)Inability to keep turning out novel products.C)Lack of a successful business model of their own.D)Failure to integrate innovation into their business.6. A)It is the secret to business success.B)It is the creation of something new.C)It is a magic tool to bring big rewards.D)It is an essential part of business culture.7. A)Its hardworking employees.B)Its flexible promotion strategy.C)Its innovation culture.D)Its willingness to make investments.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversations you will hear four questions. Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only once. After you hear a question. You must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A)He’s got addicted to technology.B)He is not very good at socializing.C)He is crazy about text-messaging.D)He does not talk long on the phone.9. A)Talk big.B)Talk at length.C)Gossip a lot.D)Forget herself.10. A)He thought it was cool.B)He needed the practice.C)He wanted to stay connected with them.D)He had an urgent message to send.11. A)It poses a challenge to seniors.B)It saves both time and money.C)It is childish and unprofessional.D)It is cool and convenient.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A)He wants to change his job assignment.B)He is unhappy with his department manager.C)He thinks he deserves extra pay for overtime.D)He is often singled out for criticism by his boss.13. A)His workload was much too heavy.B)His immediate boss did not trust him.C)His colleagues often refused to cooperate.D)His salary was too low for his responsibility.14. A)He never knows how to refuse.B)He is always ready to help others.C)His boss has a lot of trust in him.D)His boss has no sense of fairness.15. A)Put all his complaints in writing.B)Wait and see what happens next.C)Learn to say no when necessary.D)Talk to his boss in person first.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A)The importance of sleep to a healthy life.B)Re asons for Americans’ decline in sleep.C)Some tips to improve the quality of sleep.D)Diseases associated with lack of sleep.17. A)They are more health-conscious.B)They are changing their living habits.C)They get less and less sleep.D)They know the dangers of lack of sleep.18. A)Their weight will go down.B)Their mind function will deteriorate.C)Their work efficiency will decrease.D)Their blood pressure will rise.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A)How much you can afford to pay.B)What course you are going to choose.C)Which university you are going to apply to.D)When you are going to submit your application.20. A)The list of courses studied.B)The full record of scores.C)The references from teachers.D)The personal statement.21. A)Specify what they would like to do after graduation.B)Describe in detail how much they would enjoy studying.C)Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject.D)Emphasize that they admire the professors in the university.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A)It was equipped with rubber tyres.B)It was built in the late 19th century.C)It was purchased by the Royal family.D)It was designed by an English engineer.23. A)They consumed lots of petrol.B)They took two passengers only.C)They were difficult to drive.D)They often broke down.24. A)They were produced on the assembly line.B)They were built with less costly materials.C)They were modeled after British cars.D)They were made for ordinary use.25. A)It made news all over the world.B)It was built for the Royal family.C)It marked a new era in motor travel.D)It attracted large numbers of motorists.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passagethrough carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.Physical activity does the body good, and there’s growing evidence that it helps the brain too. Researchers in the Netherlands report that children who get more exercise, whether at school or on their own, 26to have higher GPAs and better scores on standardized tests. In a 27of 14 studies that looked at physical activity and academic28, investigators found that the more children moved, the better their grades were in school, 29in the basic subjects of math, English and reading.The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes should be cut as schools struggle to 30on smaller budgets. The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time. With standardized test scores in the U.S. 31in recent years, some administrators believe students need to spend more time in the classroom instead of on the playground. But as these findings show, exercise and academics may not be 32exclusive. Physical activity can improve blood 33to the brain, fueling memory, attention and creativity, which are 34to learning. And exercise releases hormones that can improve 35and relieve stress, which can also help learning. So while it may seem as if kids are just e xercising their bodies when they’re running around, they may actually be exercising their brains as well.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
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Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.
问题5至问题7是基于下面这则新闻。
The strong emphasis on educational achievement in South East-Asia may b e coming at aheavy price.
过分强调学习可能会令东南亚国家付出沉重的代价。
Researchers say that hard work at school plus the lack of exposure to outdo or light isdamaging the eyes of almost nine out of ten students
研究人员表示，学校的沉重课业负担加上缺乏接触室外光线的机会，对90%学生的眼睛造成了损害
with one in five at serious risk of visual impairment and blindness.
其中五分之一的学生处于视力严重减弱和失明的风险之中。
The scientists say that young people need up to three hours a day of outdoor light,
科学家称年轻人每天应该至少接触三个小时的户外光线，
but many infants are also missing out as they nap during lunch time.
但是学生们把午餐时间用来睡觉而错失了外出的机会。
The scientists say that genetic factors, long thought to play a big role in sho rtsightedness,
科学家称基因一直被认为是近视的主要原因，
are not as important as the environment.
其实环境才是导致近视的最关键因素。
They point to Singapore as a place with several distinct ethnic groups,
他们指出新加坡是个多民族国家，
all of whom are now suffering high levels of shortsightedness.
几乎所有人都饱受高度近视的困扰。
The authors suggest that essential time outdoors should be considered by ed ucationalauthorities across South-East Asia as a way of dealing with the prob lem.
作者呼吁为了缓解这种现象，东南亚国家的教育部门需出台相关政策以确保学生的户外活动时间。
Question 5.What accounts for the poor eyesight for many South East-Asian st udents?
问题5.什么原因导致东南亚学生近视？
Question 6.How long do the young people need to be exposed to outdoor lig ht each day?
问题6.科学家建议年轻人需要接触室外光线多久？
Question 7.What is the main idea of the news?
问题7.新闻的主要内容是？
Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item. 5
A.Electricity shortage.
B.Food shortage.
C.The heavy burden of studies.
D.Overtime exposure to sunlight.
6
A.1 hour.
B.2 hours.
C.3 hours.
D.2.5 hours.
7
A.Students in South East-Asia have great pressure in study.
B.Genetic factors in visual impairment and blindness.
C.Students in South East-Asia should spend more time outdoors.
D.The reason why students in South East-Asia have pressure.。