虚拟语气与强调句型讲义
虚拟语气和强调句讲解及练习
虚拟语气和强调句讲解及练习虚拟语气虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式，它用来表示所说的不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或是与事实相反的一种假设。
虚拟语气考察的常常是习惯用法、特别的句型以及和情态动词的使用结合起来。
考点1 一般虚拟条件句一般虚拟条件状语从句中所表达动作或者状态是与事实不符，或是不可能实现的，纯粹是一种假设或者愿望而已。
这类句子主要是由if 引导的条件状语从句。
1. 与过去事实相反从句的谓语动词：Had done + 过去分词主句的谓语动词：should / would / could/ might have 过去分词If he had been here yesterday, he would have met T om.2 与现在事实相反从句的谓语动词：过去式（be 过去式常用were）主句的谓语动词：should / would / could/ might 动词原形If he were here, he would be angry.3 与将来的事实相反从句的谓语动词1）过去式（be 过去式常用were）2）should+动词原形3）were to +动词原形主句的谓语动词：should /would / could/ might have 过去分词If it were to rain tomorrow, we could not go out for a picnic.考点2 含蓄的虚拟条件句在句子中非真实情况没有直接表达出来，而是通过上下文等其他表达方式反映出来。
1. Without your help, I would not have succeeded.2. It is raining so heavily. Otherwise, we could go out to havea picnic.3. But for your help, I could not have finished the work on time.4. Alone, she would have been terrified.考点3 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用主要是从句中有表示建议、命令、要求的词如Propose, suggest, advise, order, insist, request等词以及这些词的名词。
虚拟语气与强调句型讲义
虚拟语气虚拟语气表示动作或状态是说话人的主观愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。
虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
主要用于条件句、让步状语从句和表示建议的名词性从句中。
（一）与事实相反的假设1. 虚拟条件句谓语动词的构成形式：例如：If I were you, I should study English.If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t have failed in the examination.If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.2.当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。
例如：If you had worked hard, you wouldn’t be very tired now. (从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在)3.条件句中省略if，把were, had, should提到句首，形成倒装。
例如：Were I in school again, I would work harder.Had you been here earlier, you would have seen him.Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come.4其它方式表示。
(1)虚拟语气在as if (as though)、even if (even though)等引导的表语从句或状语从句中的应用如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时，指现在状况，则用过去时，指将来则用过去将来时。
例如：He speaks English so fluently as if he had studied English in England.Even if he were here, he could not solve the problem.(2)But for your help(without your help), I would have failed.(3)I am glad I studied. Otherwise, I would have failed.针对练习1. But for their help, we__________ the program in time.A. can not finishB. will not finishC. had not finishedD. could not have finished2. If it were not for the fact that she _______ sing, I would invite her to the party.A. couldn'tB. shouldn'tC. can'tD. might not3. If she _______ sing, I would invite her to the party.A. couldB. shouldC. canD. might4. I didn't see your sister at the meeting. If she ______, she would have met my brother.A. has comeB. did comeC. cameD. had come5. —If he ________, he _______that food.—Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A. was warned; would not takeB. had been warned; would not have takenC. would be warned; had not takenD. would have been warned; had not taken6. Though the girl had been suffering from the blood disease, she acted as if nothing ____ to herwhile facing her friends and relations.A. happenedB. would happenC. was happenedD. had happened7. If it ________ so hard，we’d go to town.A. isn’t rainingB. weren’t rai ningC. doesn’t rainD. has rain8. _____it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu BridgeA. WereB. ShouldC. WouldD. Will（二）主观愿望或祝愿1.“wish +宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望。
高中英语 虚拟语气专题讲义
虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测、建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。
它通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
虚拟语气的主要内容：一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气〔if 引导〕二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气三、主语从句中的虚拟语气四、表语从句、同位语从句的虚拟语气五、状语从句中的虚拟语气六、几种特殊的虚拟语气比较：If it rains tomorrow, the crops will be saved. 陈述语气If it rained tomorrow, the crops would be saved. 虚拟语气例如：1、如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。
If I had one million dollars, I would buy the plane.2、如果我是你，我会再试一次。
If I were you, I would try it again.3、如果他努力学的话，他就通过这次考试。
If he had worked hard, he would have passed the examination.4、如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他这件事.If he came here tomorrow, I would tell him about it.学习虚拟条件句应注意以下几点：（1）省略if假设虚拟条件句中有were, had, should, 可以省略if, 并将were, had, should移到句首。
如：1. If I were to meet him tomorrow, I should ask him about it.——Were I to meet him tomorrow, …2. ____for the doctor’s careful treatment, he_____ till last year. CA. If it is not, can’t liveB. Were it not, couldn’t liveC. Had it not been, couldn’t have livedD. If they were not, couldn’t live(2) 错综时间虚拟条件句——虚拟条件句与主句谓语动词发生的时间有时不一致，要注意主从句谓语形式。
虚拟语气和强调
虚拟语气一般来说，表示以下三种情况时，动词常用虚拟语气：1.与事实相反，不可能实现或难以实现的事2.表示主观愿望，要求，建议，命令等3.表示委婉语气主观推测条件式虚拟语气条件式虚拟语气一般用于表示与事实不符，不能实现或难以实现的事情。
根据假设条件所涉及的时间，它可分成三类。
涉及现在条件句中1. be用were（也可用was）2. 其他动词用过去时主句中should，would，might，could+动词原形涉及过去条件句中过去完成时had+过去分词主句中should，would，might，could+have+过去分词涉及将来条件句中1.（should）+动词原形 2. were+动词不定式主句中用过去将来时（对于不易实现的事）；用一般将来时及一般现在时（对于能够实现的事）If man made use of all the sunlight, he would have no need for coal or other fuels.If the orbital motion of the earth were to cease, it would fall toward the sun.The rule is not true if these restrictions be removed.It would have taken them a long time to solve the complicated problem if electronic computers had not been used.注意：1.有些虚拟条件句的主句谓语动词与从句谓语动词的时态不一致，叫作“交错虚拟条件句”。
What would happen if the boy on the bridge had thrown the stone?2.if条件句中若有were，had，should，could等这类动词时，if可以省略，这时从句部分应采用倒装语序。
强调句与虚拟语气
强调句1. 强调句的定义强调是有效地进行思想交流的重要手段之一。
人们在交际过程中，为了使自己的思想能为听者或读者恰当的理解，必须突出重要的内容，这就需要运用强调的手段。
2. 强调的构成在现代英语中，人们可以通过语音手段、词汇手段、语法手段来进行强调。
(1) 语音手段在口语中，人们可以根据交流的需要，通过语句重音来对不同的词语进行强调。
He speaks English well.这句话，可以通过语句重音来分别对不同的词进行强调：Example:A: We need a good student to host the evening party.B: Well, he speaks English well.A: He’s been living in Canada for years.B: He speaks English well but his writing is not very good.A: He speaks fluent French.B: He speaks English well, too.A: Do you think he is fit for the job?B: Certainly. He speaks English well.(2) 词汇手段人们常用一些形容词、副词、否定词等词汇手段来加强语气。
This is a most interesting TV play.Grace is tall, but Catherine is still taller.War and peace is the best novel that l have ever read.The last thing that a lazy student wishes is examination.At that very moment the policemen came.I can't even remember the name of that old friend of mine.Where in the world did you go just now ?What on earth are you doing?She's not in the least angry with me.The president himself will chair the meeting.(3) 语法手段1. 用It is／was…that／who…句型表示强调。
虚拟语气,倒装,强调句,固定搭配解析
I didn’t go to the party last night, but I do wish I had been there. I wish I were there. I wish I had wings. I wish you had paid a lot attention to grammar He wishes his daughter would come and see him
动词：decide, demand, insist, move(提议), order, propose, recommend, request, require, suggest, vote等。
He ordered that all the books be sent at once. We propose that somebody neutral take the chair(担任主席).
表示建议、主张、命令等概念的词语后 的虚拟语气
有些词语由于本身隐含说话人的主观愿望，所以 后面接的主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句的谓 语动词往往用should do的形式，且should 常省 略。
表示这种概念的词语
动词
名词
形容词
后接虚拟 语气
从句中的谓语动词用should do 或者should be done的形式，且should常省略。
将来
Hale Waihona Puke .If it were to rain, the game would be put off. If I were you, I should wait till next week If you had followed my instruction, you would have succeeded.
虚拟语气讲解版
2. 虚拟语气用于 if only引导的感叹句中
If only 引导的是省略了表示结果的主句的虚拟 语气结构，现已成为惯用法，表达愿望一种不真实的 条件，译成“要是……就好了！” 从句用过去时表示现在没有实现的愿望， 对过去没有实现的或不能实现的愿望，从句就用过去 完成时。
If only I had taken his advice.我要是听他的话就好 了．
等.
I wish it were spring all the year round.
I wish you could go with us.
We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.
2. would/had rather
would sooner/prefer+object clause 在虚拟语气中的用法表 示希望或婉转的责备。
E.g. 1.I intended I should call on you , but I was busy at that time. 2.I am sorry ,but I really didn’t mean to hurt. 3.I had planned to travel to Canada, but I had something more important to cope with.
I didn’t hear the phone, I must have been sleeping..
五）虚拟语气用于主语从句．
在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气结构用“ should 十动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应 如此等． 句型：It is /was+ 形容词/过去分词/名词 + that ……
虚拟语气+强调讲解xin
4. as if ( as though) 看起来 常用虚拟形式，即 表示与现在事实相反，用过去式；与过去事实相反 用过去完成式 (had done).
如果当初你听我的建议好好学英语的话，你现 在可能已经是百万富翁了．
２．省略句
在条件句中，可省略 if，把were ,had, should 提到 句首，变为倒装句式． If I were at school again, I would study harder.
Were I at school again, I would study harder.
这是一个强调主语的强调句型，去掉强调 结构，剩下的是What you do rather than what you say matters. 表意完整。
2) That was really a splendid evening. It’s years since I enjoyed myself so much.
你本不应该告诉她真相。
You shouldn’t have told her the truth . needn’t have done 本不必做 - - 比较：didn’t need to do 没必要做也没有做 - - -
我没必要擦窗户。我兄弟做了
I didn’t need to clean the windows . My brother did it. would have done 本来会去做----
2. If only 引导的感叹句（要是．．．该有多好啊) 表示现在的情况,应用过去式; 如果是过去的情况, 应用过去完成时态 翻译：人生若只如初见！
语法虚拟语气、倒装、强调句篇
五、虚拟语气虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
一、条件句中的虚拟语气从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。
1. 条件句中的虚拟语气根据不同的时间有三种不同的形式。
时间从句谓语形式主句谓语形式将来①过去式/ were（常用）②were to do（可能性小）③should + V. (原)（可能性大）would / should / might / could + V. (原)现在过去式(be 用 were) would / should / might / could + V. (原)过去had done would / should / might / could + have done（1）与将来事实相反：e.g. If it rained/were to rain/should rain tomorrow, I should stay at home.（2）与现在事实相反：e.g. If he were free, he would help us.（3）与过去事实相反：e.g. If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it.2. 条件句中的省略与倒装当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had 时，if可省略，而将were, should, had等词置于句首。
e.g. Were it not for your help, I wouldn't be doing so well.若不是你帮忙，我现在不会干得这样好。
Had I been there, I would have asked her the question.如果我在那里，我就会问她这个问题。
高中英语语法复习讲义——虚拟语气文库.doc
高中英语语法复习讲义——虚拟语气一、虚拟语气1）概念虚拟语气用來表示说话人的主观愿累或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
2）在条件句中的应用条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。
非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
二、真实条件句真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中讦是如果的意思。
时态关系句型：条件从句主句一般现在吋shall/will +动词原形If he comes, he will bring his violin.典型例题The volleyball match will be put off if it ____ .A.will rainB. RainsC・ RainedD. is rained答案B。
真实条件句主句为将来吋，从句用一般现在吋。
注意：1）在真实条件句中,主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will.（错）If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.（对）If you leave now, you will never regret it.2)表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。
三、非真实条件句1)时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。
它的基木特点是时态退后。
a・同现在事实相反的假设句型：条件从句主句一般过去时should( would) +动词原形If they were here, they would help you.b・表示于过去事实相反的假设句型：条件从句主句过去完成时should(would) have+过去分词If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful.If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going.If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.高中英语语法复习讲义——虚拟语气更新时间:2013/10/14 19:09:42发布者:佚名一、虚拟语气1)概念虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
语法笔记4-强调句、倒装句、分词结构、插入语、虚拟语气
语法笔记4强调句◆分类◆1、助动词（do、does、did）+动词原形动词前+助动词，表示的确、务必、确实、一定I want to be thin.I do want to be thin.◆2、It is/was +被强调部分（主语、宾语、补语）+who/whom/that/+其他成分Tom found the pen in the classroom yesterday.强调主语：It was Tom who/that found the pen in the classroom yesterday.强调宾语：强调地点状语：强调时间状语：◆判断一个句子是否为强调句，去掉It +be…+引导词后，句子仍然成立。
Eg. It was the house…It was …◆3、主语从句也是一种强调句◆如何强调谓语？◆如何强调主语、宾语、状语？◆如何区别强调句与宾语从句？倒装句◆分类：完全倒装和部分倒装◆正常语序：I like apples. 主+谓完全倒装：Here comes the bus. 谓+主◆完全倒装的分类（一）There be 结构：be 动词可用exist,seem,appear,happen,rise,stand等There stands a beautiful palace at the foot of the hill.（二）副词：①在here,there,now,then等副词开头的句子里句式结构：副词+不及物动词+名词主语Here/There/Now/Then+come/be/go/lie/run+主语结构如果是人称代词，主语和谓语语序不变，不用倒装②表示方向的副词，out/in/up/down等置于句首，要用全部倒装，如果主语是人称代词，就不用倒装。
There goes the phone,and here she comes.③表示地点的介词词组：on the wall/under the tree/in front the house/in the middle ofthe room等在句首时。
大学英语A级复习课件之虚拟语气 倒装与强调句重点内容
*You can learn English well by reading and speaking
A. a student truly can be
B. a student can truly be
C. truly a student can be
D. can a be truly
词汇：open-minded adj. 思想开明的 be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事
词汇：apply for 申请 driver's license 驾照 test n.测试
实战演练
It is the high efficiency of the new equipment C has increasingly attracted our attention. A. which B. what C. that D.who
Not until...she realized......
词汇：arrive at +（小地点）到达
arrive in +（大地点）到达
realize v.意识到...
forget v.忘记
bring v.带来
document n.文件
倒装句
Not until I got to the airport A that my passport was
主语从句的谓语动词为“(should)+动词原形”。
高考英语语法专题复习强调句和虚拟语气
专题十七强调句I、重点难点解析高考命题导向：“It is/was…who/that…”强调句型是重要的句型之一，是高考考查的重点之一。
此句型可强调主语、宾语、状语。
如果强调谓语时，用do/does/did+动词原形。
高考通常考查强调句与几个易混句型连词的使用和强调句的问句。
强调句型注意事项一览表强调句型注意事项说明例句1强调主语，其后的谓语动词和主语在人称和数上保持一致。
It is he who/that often does good deeds.It is I who/that am looking for you.2 强调部分除了指人可用who/whom,其他只能用thatIt is the book that I want.3 not until…句型的强调句It was not until you told me that I realized my mistake.可转换为以下句型：1) Not until you told me did I realize mymistake. 2) I didn’t realize my mistake until you told me. 4与主语从句(It is / was… that -clause）的区别1)It is true/a fact that they won the game.(it是形式主语)2)It was in Xiamen that I first met him.(强调句的特点：去掉It was…that后句子仍成立。
5与“It be…before (时间过多久才…) / since(自…以来多长时间了)句型的区别1)It was two hours before he worked out the problem.(两个小时后他才算出这道题)2)It is two years since he joined the army.(他参军两年了)6与“It be…when/where定语从句的区别1)It was in 1919 that he was born.( (强调句)It was 1919 when the May 4th Movement took place. ( 定语从句)2)It was in Bejing that I met him.( (强调句)It was Beijing where I met him.( 定语从句)II、实战演练填入适当的连词或疑问词1. It was along the Mississippi River ______________ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.2. It is the ability to do the job ___________ matters, not where you came from or what you are.3. ---What was the party like?---Wonderful. It is years ___________ I enjoyed myself so much.4. It was October __________ they finally came back to their hometown.5. It was in the lab that was taken charge of by Professor Li ____________ they did theexperiment.6. It will be more than 100 years ____________ the country begins once again to look as it didbefore.7. ___________ is it that has made Peter what he is today.8. I’ve already forgotten _____________ it was that you put the dictionary.9. I have always been hones and straightforward, and it doesn’t matter __________ it is I amtalking to.10. It was _____________ he did ______________ frightened me.答案：1. that 2. that 3. since 4. when 5. that 6. before 7. what 8. where 9. who 10. what; that专题十八虚拟语气I、重点难点解析虚拟语气的高考命题导向：虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不是表示客观存在的事实。
2025届高考英语语法复习虚拟语气知识讲解讲义
高考英语语法复习虚拟语气知识讲解一、基础知识（一）什么是虚拟语气谓语动词的作用不仅可以表示动作的时间、状态、假设（情感），也是一种语气（mood)的表现形式，表明说话的目的和意图。
（语气包含陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气）虚拟语气用于表示假设、愿望、建议、命令等非真实或虚拟的情况，即与真实相反。
上学的时候老师经常举的一个例子，"If I were you"因为我不可能是你，这是一种不可能存在的事实，所以这是个虚拟语句。
总而言之英语中的虚拟语气可以分为两大体系：一是表示与事实相反的，或者是假象的情形，通常由if引导，叫做虚拟条件句；另一个体系是在名词从句中使用虚拟语气，表示建议，命令或者要求等语气，类似于上述美剧常用的台词。
（二）虚拟语气的用法这一部分我们主要用虚拟语气在条件句中的用法作为讲解不同情况条件从句谓语主句谓语使用场景与过去事实相反If+主语+haddone主语+should/would/could/might+have done既然是过去了，那么谈到的一切情况都已既成事实，所以过去虚拟表达的是一个与过去事实相反的情形与现在事实相反If+主语+did(be动词用were)主语+should/would/could/might+do既可能是事实，也可能是假设条件。
因此，假设条件句和事实相反句适用于谈现在的情况与将来事实相反If+主语+ did(be动词用were)If+主语+ wereto + doIf+主语+should+ do主语+should/would/could/might+do对于将来时间的虚拟不可能以事实为基础，而只能是表达说话人的一个设想或愿望。
所以，对于将来的虚拟只适用于假设条件句，而不可能表达一个与事实相反的虚拟与现在事实相反：If I had a map, I would lend it to you.如果我有地图我就借给你。
（但我没有）与将来事实相反：If I were to do the job, I would do it in a different way. 要是我来做这工作，我会是另一种做法。
虚拟语气讲义(15个句式)
虚拟语气讲义1．虚拟语气句型1If + were/ did/ (动词的过去式), 主语+would/ might/ should / could + do 。
(表示对现在的假设)eg. If I were you, I would not be so proud . 如果我是你,我不会如此自负.eg. I don’t have a cellphone. If I had one , it would be convenient for me to get in touch with others 我没有手机，如果我有手机的话，和别人联系就方便的多了。
eg. If I were in your position, I would think better of it .如果我处在你现在的境地，我会重新考虑然后放弃。
2. 虚拟语气句型2If + had done, 主语+would/ might/ should / could + have done表示对过去或已经发生事情的虚拟假设。
eg. What a pity it is that you didn’t attended the concert yesterday! If you had attended the concert, you would have seen the famous singer.真遗憾你昨天没有去听音乐会。
如果你去了，你就会见到那位名歌手。
eg. Anyone in his position would have done the same= If anyone had been in his position, he would have done the same.3. 虚拟语气句型3If + were/ did(动词过去式)/should/ were to do , 主语+would/ might/ should / could + do (表示对将来的假设).eg. If he should refuse (= if he were to refuse = if he refused ), it wouldn’t matter万一他拒绝了. 那也没有什么关系.eg. If you shouldn’t pass the college entrance e*amination, what would you do"万一你高考不中，你该怎么办？4. 虚拟语气条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，如果出现有were, had, should，可省去if，可将主语与这些词倒装，构成虚拟倒装句。
强调句型, 平行结构,错综时态的虚拟语气,比较级,in that结构,what 结构,make结构, 句法结构
强调句型, 平行结构，错综时态的虚拟语气，比较级，in that结构，what 结构，make结构,句法结构(1) 强调句型的基本结构形式为: It is/was+被强调部分+that/who/whom +句子的其余部分。
如果原句中谓语动词使用的是现在范畴的时态(一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成/现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时等), 用It is ... that ...。
强调部分可以强调主语、宾语和状语，不能强调谓语和定语；强调人使用who 或者that, 其他的只能用that (即使是时间和地点)，who 和that绝对不能省略如果原句是过去时态，强调句型使用it was.，例如：原句：Ann bought these books last year.强调宾语：It was these books that Ann bought last year.强调状语：It was last year that Ann bought these books.1. It is the ability to do the job________matters not where you come from or what you are.A. oneB. thatC. whatD. it2. It was between 1989 and 1999 ________ great changes took place in our hometown.A. whenB. thatC. whichD. because3. Was________his illness________he d idn’t go to see the film?A. necessary; whenB. that important of; whyC. even if; forD. it because of; that4. Was________that I saw last night at the corner?A. it youB. not youC. youD. that yourself5. It was not until 1920________regular radio broadcast began.A. whileB. whichC. thatD. since6. It was because of bad weather________the football match had to be put off.A. soB. so thatC. whyD. that7. Was it during the Second World War________he died?A. thatB. whileC. in whichD. then8. It was ________ he said ________ disappointed me.A. what; thatB. that; thatC. what; whatD. that; what9. It was about 600 years ago________the first clock with an hour hand was made.A. thatB. untilC. beforeD. when10. ________is no possibility________Bob can win the first prize in the match.A. There; thatB. It; thatC. There; whetherD. It; whether A(2) 平行结构: 连词连接两个对等的词和对等的结构一、连词连接两个对等的词和对等的结构并列连词and, but, as well as, or, or else, both …and, neither …nor, either …or, not only …but (also), rather than,as…as等以及从属连词than可连接两个对等的词和对等的结构。
虚拟与强调句详解
虚拟语气简练总结：I..记住五个句型。
1.对现在的虚拟：If sb did sth now , sb would do sth .2.对过去的虚拟：If sb had done sth in the past , sb would have done sth3.对将来的虚拟：If sb did sth in the future ，sb would do sthIf sb should do sth in the future ，sb would do sth .If sb were to do sth in the future ，sb would do sth. 注：（would 可替换成should could ,might )II. 记住几个表示请求、邀请、命令、建议\推荐等单词及其派生词。
这些词及其派生词所构成的虚拟语气没有时态，人称和数的变化。
只用一个模式：Sb should do sth.suggest ，advise , recommend, propose , request , require ,insist ，demand , command , order ,desire , arrange ,idea , plan , proposal , necessary, important , natural , strange , impossible , possible, funny , surpring , pity , shame , wonderIII.记住几个句型。
it is (high) time that sb did sth . 某人该做某事了it is (high) time that sb should do sth . (should 不省略) 某人该做某事了Sb would rather (that ) sb did sth now/ in the future . 某人宁愿。
第六章 虚拟语气,句子成分的强调手段汇总
西安电子科技大学
§6 .2 科技英语中虚拟语气的主要形式
suggest: “建议”→要用虚拟语气
“认为；表明”→要用陈述 语气
insist: “坚决要求”→要用虚拟语气
1、条件式
从句
主句
涉及现 过去时 (be 在、将 → were) 来：
过去将来时
should would could might
+ 动词原形
西安电子科技大学
§6 .2 科技英语中虚拟语气的主要形式
1、条件式
从句
主句
涉及 过去
过去完成 时
should would could might
过去将来完成时 + have + 过去分词
常见的名 词：
requirement, suggestion, necessity, importance, recommendation, request, philosophy, condition, constraint, restriction, restraint, …
西安电子科技大学
§6 .2 科技英语中虚拟语气的主要形式
“坚持认为[主张]”：→要用陈述语 气
西安电子科技大学
§6 .2 科技英语中虚拟语气的主要形式
3、在某些状语从句中
（1）“as if [as though]”
We have for simplicity been speaking of the current in a conductor as if all of the free electrons moved with the same constant velocity.
虚拟语气、强调句、倒装句
高考英语之虚拟语气归纳整理 - 高考英语之虚拟语气归纳整理虚拟语气是谓语动词的一种特殊形式，用来表达假设、主观愿望、猜测、建议、可能或空想等非真实情况。
如：He is honest. 他很诚实。
（陈述语气）Don‘t be late next time. 下次别迟到。
（祈使语气）If I were you ，I would not go. 我要是你，我就不会去。
（虚拟语气）I wish I had a lot of money. 要是我有很多很多钱就好了。
（虚拟语气）高考英语之虚拟语气归纳整理 - 第一类虚拟语气在条件句中的用法：条件句有真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种。
真实条件句所表示的假设是有可能发生的，此时主句不用虚拟语气；而虚拟条件句则表示一种假想，与事实相反或不大可能会发生，此时用虚拟语气。
如：If I have time，I will go. 假若我有时间，我就去。
（陈述语气）If I were yo u，I would go. 假若我是你，我就去。
（虚拟语气）时态类型主句谓语形式条件句的谓语形式例句与现在事实相反would/should/could/might+ V原动词过去式did*be 多用were1. If I were you, I shouldstudy English.2. I would certainly go if Ihad time.与过去事实相反would/should/could/might +have done动词过去完成式haddone1. If you had taken myadvice, you would not havefailed in the test.2. If I had left a littleearlier, I would have caughtthe train.与将来事实相反would/should/could/might + ①动词过去式1.If you came tomorrow, wewould have the mee ting. ①V原②should +V原③were+ to do 2. If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.③*规律总结：从句都往过去推一个时态，如：与现在相反的if从句就用过去时；与过去相反用过去完成时（即过去的过去）注：特别说明1、l would/should/could/might主句谓语中的should主要用于第一人称后；would表示结果还表示过去经常常常做某事，might表示可能性，could表示能力、允许或可能性。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
虚拟语气虚拟语气表示动作或状态是说话人的主观愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。
虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
主要用于条件句、让步状语从句和表示建议的名词性从句中。
（一）与事实相反的假设1. 虚拟条件句谓语动词的构成形式：例如：If I were you, I should study English.If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t have failed in the examination.If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.2.当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。
例如：If you had worked hard, you wouldn’t be very tired now. (从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在)3.条件句中省略if，把were, had, should提到句首，形成倒装。
例如：Were I in school again, I would work harder.Had you been here earlier, you would have seen him.Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come.4其它方式表示。
(1)虚拟语气在as if (as though)、even if (even though)等引导的表语从句或状语从句中的应用如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时，指现在状况，则用过去时，指将来则用过去将来时。
例如：He speaks English so fluently as if he had studied English in England.Even if he were here, he could not solve the problem.(2)But for your help(without your help), I would have failed.(3)I am glad I studied. Otherwise, I would have failed.针对练习1. But for their help, we__________ the program in time.A. can not finishB. will not finishC. had not finishedD. could not have finished2. If it were not for the fact that she _______ sing, I would invite her to the party.A. couldn'tB. shouldn'tC. can'tD. might not3. If she _______ sing, I would invite her to the party.A. couldB. shouldC. canD. might4. I didn't see your sister at the meeting. If she ______, she would have met my brother.A. has comeB. did comeC. cameD. had come5. —If he ________, he _______that food.—Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A. was warned; would not takeB. had been warned; would not have takenC. would be warned; had not takenD. would have been warned; had not taken6. Though the girl had been suffering from the blood disease, she acted as if nothing ____ to herwhile facing her friends and relations.A. happenedB. would happenC. was happenedD. had happened7. If it ________ so hard，we’d go to town.A.isn’t rainingB.weren’t rainingC.doesn’t rainD.has rain8. _____it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu BridgeA. WereB. ShouldC. WouldD. Will（二）主观愿望或祝愿1.“wish +宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望。
表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句的谓语动词用did(be→were)；表示过去不能实现的愿望时用haddone或could/would +have done；表示将来不能实现的愿望用would/coulddo。
例如：I wish it were spring all the year round.I wish you could go with us.We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.2.if only…要是…就好了，如：If only I could fly like an eagle.If only I had carried out my promise.3. 注意→would rather+宾语从句表示一种主观愿望。
例如：I would rather you came to my party tomorrow.I would rather you had not gone there.针对练习1. —Do you mind if we set out earlier tomorrow morning?—Well, I’d rather you____.A. don’tB. didn’tC. won’tD. wouldn’t2. —I ____ to your birthday party last Sunday.—Unfortunately, you were out on business.A. had comeB. cameC. would comeD. would have come3. Look at the trouble I am in! If only I ________ your advice.A. followedB. would followC. had followedD. should follow4. If only he ____quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.A. liesB. layC. had lainD. should lie5. How I wish every family ____a large house with a beautiful garden.A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. had had6. ---Your aunt invites you to the movies today---I had rather she ____ me tomorrow than todayA. tellsB. toldC. would tellD. had told7. I wish that you ___ such a bad headache because I am sure that you would have enjoyed theconcertA. had notB. did not have hadC. hadn’t hadD. hadn’t have8. How I wish I ____ to repair the watch! I only made it worseA. had triedB. hadn’t triedC. have triedD. didn’t try（三）建议1.It is (high) time (that)…“（现在）该……”句型中，从句中的动词用虚拟语气，其形式为动词的过去式或should+do，如：It is (high/about)time(that) we went/should go to bed.2.important/necessary/advisable/desirable/natural/vital/essential/significant/urgent等形容词，以it为形式主语或形式宾语所引导的从句中的谓语用虚拟语气，其形式为should+do或省略do的动词原形。
如：It is important that we (should) protect wild animals.We found it necessary that everybody (should) be present at the meeting on time.3.在command、demand、desire、insist、order、propose、request、require、suggest （建议）、advise、recommend等表示建议的动词以及相应的各种名词性从句中，从句中的谓语用虚拟语气，其形式为“(should)+do”或省略should用动词原形。
例如：We insisted that they (should) go with us.The doctor ordered that they (should) stay in bed for a few days.注意→①当insist意为“坚持认为”时宾语从句用陈述语气。
当insist意为“坚决要求”时宾语从句用虚拟语气。
例如：Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.②suggest作“暗示”讲用真实时态，如：The white look on his face suggested that he was ill.针对练习1. It’s high time that we students _____ even harder at our lessons as the national entrance examination is coming nearer.A. workB. will workC. workedD. have to work2. ____him not to do so, he wouldn’t have made such a serious mistake.A. Did I persuadeB.If I persuadeC.If I should persuadeD. Had I persuade3. His suggestion that you ____once more sounds reasonable.A. tryB. triedC. must tryD. can try4. She insisted that she ________ ill of him behind him，but he didn’t believe it.A.hadn’t spokenB.shouldn’t speakC.wouldn’t speakD.not speak5. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ________ in love，at the age ofseven，with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.A.wouldn’t have fallenB.had not fallenC.should fallD.were to fall6. I insisted _____to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing ___ wrong with himA. on him to go; should beB. he went; beC. he go; wasD. he should to; is7. He ____busy yesterday, or he ___you with your experiment.A. was, had helpedB. was, would have helpedC. had been, would have helpedD. were, would havehelped8. It was requested that the play ____againA. should put onB. would put onC. be put onD. put on综合练习1. If he ____ me his telephone number yesterday,I ____ able to ring him up now.A. told; would beB. had told; would beC. had told; would have beenD. told; am2. If I ____ you, I ____ to Australia with Mr. Smith.A. had been; would goB. were; had goneC. were; would have goneD. am; will go3. Our monitor was absent. Otherwise I ____ the chair.A. would not takeB. didn't takeC. hadn't takenD. wouldn't have taken4. — The experiment has failed!— I suggest that you ____ again.A. tryB. tryingC. will tryD. would try5. His silence at the meeting suggested that he ____ to your plan.A. didn't agreeB. hadn't agreedC. wouldn't agreeD. not agree6. The manager was angry and ordered that this work ____ tomorrow.A. be finishedB. finishC. was finishedD. would finish7. Supposing I ___ this gift, what would he say?A. acceptB. acceptedC. should acceptD. would accept8. He wishes ___ mistakes. A. he doesn’t always make B. he isn’t always making C. he didn’t always makeD. he wouldn’t always making9. The doctor proposed that she ___. A. will not smoke B. not smoke C. would not smoke D. did not smoke10. The order came that the medical supplies _____ to Beijing for the Sars soon.A. would be sentB. should sendC. be sentD. must be sent11. If it were not for the fact that you _____ ill, I would ask you to do this right now.A. wereB. had beenC. areD. should be12. It seems as if it ___ rain.A. will toB. is going toC. is toD. were 13. His tired face suggested that he ________ really tired after the long walk.A. had beenB. wasC. beD. should be14. It is important that we ________. the window before we leaveA. shall closeB. will closeC. must closeD. close15.Ten minutes earlier, they ___ the plane.A. will catchB. would catchC. would have caughtD. will have caught强调句型一、强调句型结构（一）用It is／was…that／who…句型表示强调。