2014届高三一轮复习英语精品资料 语法专项(新课标专用)Word版含解析

介词＋形容词和副词

介词

一、时间介词：at，in，on

1．at的用法

(1)时间的一点，时刻等，如：at 12∶00，at noon。

(2)较短暂的一段时间，可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子，如：at Christmas。

2．in的用法

(1)表示在某个较长的时间内。

注意：当时间名词前被this，that，last，next，some，every等词限定时，通常不用任何介词。

(2)表示在将来的一段时间之后。

3．on的用法

(1)用于表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间。

(2)用于表示特定的早晨、下午或晚上。

二、工具、手段、方式介词

1．by，in，on三词都表示旅行的方式

(1)不涉及交通工具的名词时用by，名词前不带冠词，如：by sea，by water，by land，by rail，by air。

(2)涉及交通工具的名词时用by，但名词须用单数，其前面不加冠词或任何修饰语，如：by bike，by taxi。

(3)当旅行方式涉及确定特指的交通工具时，用on或in，名词前应有冠词、物主代词、指示代词等修饰语。

2．with，by，in三词均可译为“用”，表示行为的工具、手段或方式

(1)with用于有形的工具或身体某些器官之前，其后的名词多被冠词、物主代词等修饰。

(2)by，in，on，over，through等多用于无形的工具或方式、手段之前，如：by hand，in ink，on the telephone，over the radio，through the telescope。

注意：使用语言、原料、材料时用in表示。

三、介词的常见搭配

1．at，from，in的有关表达

(1)at：at dawn在黎明；at daybreak拂晓

(2)from：from memory凭记忆

(3)in：in a hurry匆忙

2．of＋抽象名词＝形容词

(1)of＋great/much＋抽象名词＝very＋形容词

(2)of＋no＋抽象名词＝not＋形容词

3．to与情感名词连用，表示“某种行动后产生的感觉”

to＋one‟s＋情感名词＝to the＋情感名词＋of sb.

1．Sean has formed the habit of jogging ________ the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day.(2010·上海，25)

A．between B．along

C．below D．with

2．My father warned me________going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists.(2010·天津，13)

A．by B．on

C．for D．against

3．Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden？They are________everyone‟s enjoyment.(2010·北京，29)

A．in B．at C．for D．to

4．The dictionary is what I want，but I don‟t have enough mone y________me.

(2010·重庆，22) A．by B．for C．in D. with

5．Four Chinese models were ________ the 14 people awarded prizes on Friday at the World Supermodel Competition.(2009·上海，25)

A．among B．between

C．along D．beside

一、用适当的介词填空

1．Those brave rescue team members managed to save many people‟s lives ________ the risk of their own lives.

2．The situation is ________ our control.

3．They are going to Paris ________ Athens.

4．________ expressing her love for you，my sister has also expressed mine.

5．Earlier than the scientists had expected，it snowed ________ the night of November 10th this year.

6.The average temperature in Tibet has risen ________ 0.32 degrees centigrade every decade since 1961，according to the China Meteorological Administration.

7．They have regained their appetite ________ risk and have invested most of their cash.

8．The large grassland，reaching out far away，looks extremely beautiful ________ the blue and clean sky.

二、单项填空

1．________ all his followers dead，the captain was taken by his enemy.

A．For B．As

C．Because of D．With

2．She forced herself not to give way ________ her emotion.

A．to B．on C．at D．from

3．In the 2008 Olympic Games，America beat Argentina ________ men‟s basketball by 101∶81.

A．for B．with C．in D．on

4．It was purely ________ chance that the mistake was discovered.

A．in B．for C．by D．from

5．What idea can a man who is blind from birth have ________ colour?

A．in B．of C．with D．for

6．His face gives him ________ when he tells a lie.

A．over B．in C．off D．away

7．—Can you translate the poem into English?

—I am sorry I am not good at English poems.It‟s ________ my ability.

A．on B．above

C．off D．beyond

8．Some plants are so sensitive ________ pollution that they can only survive in a perfectly clean environment.

A．from B．with C．against D．to

9．—You went late ________ the stadium yesterday evening，didn‟t you?

—Yes，my wife was a little late ________ the supper.

A．to；with B．for；with

C．for；for D．at；for