备考2020高考英语高效学习方案 高一册 Unit 6 Good manners(精品)新人教版

Unit 6 Good manners
(2020·北京西城4月抽样)奥运会即将到来，你班组织了一次活动，查找街头拼写或翻译错误的英文标识，请将此次活动情况写信告诉你的外国朋友Peter。

注意：
1．文章开头与结尾已为你写好。

2．词数不少于60。

Dear Peter，
How are things going? We have been busy preparing for the coming
Olympics recently. Last Sunday________________________________________________________________________ Yours，
Li Hua
[参考答案]
Dear Peter，
How are things going? We have been busy preparing for the coming Olympics recently, Last Sunday we had an activity—to search for mistranslated or incorrectly spelt English on street signs, Early in the morning my classmates and I gathered at the school gate. With a camera, notebooks and bottles of water in our backpacks, we soon set out on our detective trip by bike, In the street, some of us took pictures while others took notes of the signs we thought were wrong or questionable. A busy , but delightful morning soon passed.
In the English class next morning, we presented in class all the mistakes collected including “Welcome to Beijing”and “Take Notice of Safe”. With the help of our English teacher we discussed and finally came up with the correct translation—“Welcome to Beijing”and “Caution！”etc. Then we wrote to the newspaper and told the editors about our findings. We hope our effort will be of some help to the Beijing Olympics.
Yours，
Li Hua
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．______(vi.) 凝视；盯着看
2．______(n.) 烈酒(常用复数)；精神；情绪
3．______(vt.) 举起；提高；唤起；饲养
4．______(n.) 一道菜；过程；课程
5．______(n.) 习惯；风俗
6．______(vi.) 祈祷；恳求；请
7．______(n.) 干杯；烤面包(片)；吐司面包
(vt.) 敬酒；烤(面包等)
(vi.) 烤火；烘
8．______(vt.) 原谅；饶恕
[答案]
1．stare 2.spirit 3.raise 4.course 5.custom 6．pray 7.toast 8.forgive
Ⅱ.词汇拓展
1．disabled→______(反义词)→______(vt.)使无能；使伤残2．mix→______(n.)混合物→______(adj.)混合的；形形色色的
3．impolite→______(同义词)→______(adj.反义词)客气的4．behave→______(n.)举止
5．impression→______(v.)铭刻；印记
6．culture→______(adj.)文化的；文化上的7．introduce→______(n.)介绍
8．fault→______(同义词)→______(反义词) 9．apologize→______(n.)道歉→______(v.反义词) 10．interrupt→______(n.)打扰；插嘴
[答案]
1．healthy; disable 2.mixture; mixed
3．rude/ill－mannered; polite 4.behaviour 5．impress 6.cultural 7.introduction
8．error/mistake; perfection
9．apology; blame/condemn 10.interruption Ⅲ.重点短语
1．apologize to sb. ______ sth. 因某事向某人道歉2．keep sth. ______ mind 记住
3．______ the fashion of... 按照……时尚
4．drink ______... 为……干杯
5．______ the time 一直
6．for a ______ 一会儿
7．______ silent 保持沉默
8．start ______... 以……开始
9．be close ______ 靠近……
10．______ an impression 留下印象
11．introduce sb. ______... 把某人介绍给……
12．______ jokes about sb. 以某人为笑柄开玩笑
13．stare ______ 盯着
14．leave ______ 省去；遗漏；不考虑
[答案]
1．for 2.in 3.follow 4.to 5.all 6.moment
7．keep 8.with 9.to 10.make 11.to 12.make
13．at 14.out
Ⅳ.重点句型
代词it所构成的几种句型
Ⅴ.重点语法
The Attributive Clause 3—Limited and Unlimited Attributive Clauses(定语从句3——限制性和非限制性定语从句)
Ⅰ.词汇聚焦
1．apologize v. 道歉apology n. 道歉
[思维拓展]
apologize to sb. for sth./doing sth.
＝make an apology to sb. for sth./doing sth.
＝say sorry to sb. for sth./doing sth.
＝offer sb. an apology for sth./doing sth.
因某事向某人道歉
2．fault n. 缺点，毛病
[指点迷津]
fault意为“缺点，毛病，过错，过失，应该怪……”
mistake意为“错误，失策，误解，误会”
find fault找错，找毛病
make a mistake出差错；犯错误
mistake sb.误解某人
—The glass is broken. Whose ______ is it?
—Sorry, it’s mine.
A. fault
B. mistake
C. turn
D. role
解析：由题意看出，此处应表示“是谁的错？”强调过失，只有A项合适，C项意为“依次，轮流”，D项意为“角色，作用”。

答案：A
3．raise v. 举起；提高；饲养
[思维拓展]
raise one’s hat/hand举起帽子/手
raise sb. to his/her feet扶起跌倒的某人
raise one’s pay提高工资
raise money筹钱
raise a laugh引起大笑
raise a family养家
[指点迷津]
raise为及物动词，“使人或物升到更高的位置”，rise为不及物动词，“上升到更高的位置”。

arise与rise用法基本一样，但arise通常的意思多为“出现；产生”。

rise—rose—risen
raise—raised—raised
arise—arose—arisen
4．advice n. 忠告，劝告，建议(不可数)
[思维拓展]
ask sb. for advice on请求某人就某事提建议
give sb. advice on就……给某人提建议
follow/take one’s advice接受某人的建议
on one’s advice按照某人的建议
a piece of advice一条建议
advise doing sth.建议做某事
advise that...(should) do sth.建议
advise sb. on sth.就……给某人提建议
advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事
advise sb. not to do sth.(＝advise sb. against doing sth.)建议某人不要干某事______ good advice he has given you! Keep trying, and you’ll be ______. A. What; a success B. What a; a success
C. What; success
D. How; successful
解析：该题第一句话是对不可数名词进行感叹，应使用what；第二空格处表示“成功的人”为可数名词，success应与冠词连用。

答案：A
5．extra adj. 额外的；外加的；特别的
[思维拓展]
extra time/money多余的时间/钱
an extra charge额外的费用
an extra edition of a magazine杂志的增刊
get extra pay for extra work加班得到加班费
extra n. 额外的东西，外加的费用；杂志的增刊
The service charge is an extra.这项服务额外收费。

extraordinary adj. 异常的，非凡的
an extraordinary idea离奇的想法
an extraordinary memory非凡的记忆力
But all of us are called upon daily to make a great many personal decisions. Should ______ charge received at the store be forgotten or returned?
A. extra
B. small
C. some
D. necessary
解析：题目的背景是“我们每个人都要对许多个人的事情做出决定。

”后一句则举例说明“商店找回多余的零钱是忽略还是归还呢？”句子中出现的forgotten or returned提示零钱是多余的，因此使用extra。

答案：A
6．introduce vt. 介绍；引进；引入
[思维拓展]
introduce sb. to sb.向某人介绍某人
introduce oneself to sb.向某人作自我介绍
introduce sth. into (to)把……引进
introduction n．介绍，引进；导言
a letter of introduction介绍信
a short introduction短序
He seems to ______ Jane. He knows her well.
A. introduce to
B. be introducing to
C. be introduced to
D. have been introduced to
解析：he同introduce之间存在被动关系，所以to后只能用被动结构；根据后一句可知introduce的动作在seem之前发生，应用其完成式。

答案：D
7．manner n. 方式；举止；方法manners n. 礼貌；风俗
[思维拓展]
It’s good manners to do...
(＝It’s polite to do...)做……是有礼貌的。

It’s bad manners to do...
(＝It’s impolite to do...)做……是没有礼貌的。

have no manners没有礼貌
Mind your manners！注意礼貌！
in a．..manner(＝in a．..way)以……方式/方法/态度
well－mannered彬彬有礼的
ill－mannered没有礼貌的
rough－mannered粗鲁的
The host of the party spoke in such a rude ______ as to make all the attendants feel bad and angry.
A. means
B. language
C. manners
D. manner
解析：根据句意，此空意为说话的“方式”，故须用manner。

答案：D
8．unfold v. 打开；阐明
[思维拓展]
fold v．折叠；包→unfold
affected adj. 受影响的→unaffected adj. 不受影响的
certain adj. 当然的；肯定的→uncertain adj. 拿不准的；不确定的comfortable adj. 舒适的；自在的→uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的；不自在的dress v. 穿衣服→undress v. 脱衣服
equal adj. 相等的→unequal adj. 不等的
fortunate adj. 幸运的→unfortunate adj. 不幸的
healthy adj. 健康的→unhealthy adj. 不健康的
necessary adj. 必要的→unnecessary adj. 不必要的
9．custom n. 习惯；习俗
[指点迷津]
custom: 习俗，习惯，多指社会上形成的，长期存在的事
habit: 习惯，多指个人形成的，不易改变的行为
be in the habit of...处于……习惯中
fall/get into the habit of...染上……的习惯
form the habit of...养成……的习惯
get out of/rid of/kick the habit of...戒除……的习惯
get sb. into the habit of...使某人养成……的习惯
practice n. [U]惯例，常规；[C]惯常做的事，习惯
When you are abroad, you will find it difficult to get used to other countries’______.
A. customs
B. habits
C. practice
D. instructions
解析：此处意为“风俗习惯”，故用customs。

答案：A
Ⅱ.短语突破
1．leave out遗漏；不考虑
[思维拓展]
leave sth. to sb. (＝leave sb. sth.)把某物留给某人leave sb./sth. alone不理会；不管leave...as it is/as they are任其自然
2．stare at凝视，盯着看
[思维拓展]
stare at盯着(惊讶地)
glare at盯着(愤怒地)
fix one’s eyes on盯着
glance at一瞥
shout at向……喊
laugh at嘲笑
throw at朝……扔
shoot at朝……射击
aim at瞄准……
come at袭击
tear at撕、扯……
[注]at多表示“目标”。

Ⅲ.句型归纳
1．The knife and fork that are close to your plate are a little bigger than the ones beside them.靠近你的盘子的刀叉要比他们旁边的刀叉略大一点。

the ones指the knife and fork
[指点迷津]
one, the one, ones, that, those与it的指代用法
①one指代上文的单数可数名词，指“同一类中的一个”，表示泛指意义，即“a/an ＋单数可数名词”。

②the one指代上文的单数可数名词，可以用形容词放在one之前修饰，one后也可以接后置定语修饰，专指“同一类的那/这一个”，表示特指意义，即“the＋单数可数名词”。

③ones指上文的复数可数名词，表“同类中的许多”，表示泛指意义。

④the ones指上文的复数可数名词，ones之前可以有形容词修饰，也可以用后置定语修饰，专指“同类中的那/这一些”，表示特指，即“the＋可数名词复数”。

⑤it指上文提到的同一事物，与前面名词是同一个，表特指，即“the/所有格
/that/this＋单数可数名词”。

⑥that指上文出现的名词，表示同类的东西，一般不指代人，既可以指代可数名词单数，又可以指代不可数名词，常要求有后置定语修饰表特指。

⑦those用来指代复数可数名词，常要求有后置定语，表示特指，即“the＋复数可数名词”，可以与the one
—Why don’t we take a little break?
—Didn’t we just have ______？
A. it
B. that
C. one
D. this
解析：take a break的意思是“休息一会儿”，此时break是单数可数名词，与不定冠词a连用，所以可以用one指代，表示泛指意义。

问句中的a break与答语中的one＝a break并不是同一事物。

答案：C
Few pleasures can equal ______ of a cool drink on a hot day.
A. some
B. any
C. that
D. those
解析：句子的意思是“没有几种乐趣能与夏日喝杯冷饮相提并论。

”空格处填入the pleasure专指“夏日喝杯冷饮这一种乐趣”，而且有后置定语修饰，所以用that指
代。

答案：C
We have been looking at houses but haven’t found ______ we like yet. A. one B. ones
C. it
D. them
解析：本题考查代词。

用one来代替不特指的单数名词“a house”。

ones代替的是复数名词。

答案：A
2．...may be surprised by table manners in Western culture ……可能对西方文化中的用餐礼节感到惊奇
[指点迷津]
表达人的情感反应的动词往往可以构成两个形容词，一个是动词的现在分词－ing 形式，一个是动词的过去分词－ed形式。

动词－ing形式修饰事物类名词，表示主动关系，说明被修饰事物的性质特点；过去分词修饰具有情感的人或动物，表示被动关系，说明被修饰者的心理感受。

[注]a puzzled expression “迷惑的表情”，指感到迷惑而露出的表情；a boring teacher“没有趣味的老师”，指老师让别人感到厌烦。

It is believed that if a book is ______，it will surely ______ the reader.
A. interested; interest
B. interesting; be interested
C. interested; be interesting
D. interesting; interest
解析：第一空用interesting说明事物本身具有的特征；interest用作及物动词，意为“使……对……感兴趣”。

答案：D
The students, ______ at the way the questions were put, didn’t know the answers to them.
A. surprising
B. surprised
C. being surprised
D. having surprised
解析：该题考查过去分词作定语。

相当于定语从句who were surprised at the way...。

答案：B
3．It’s time for me to study hard.我该努力学习了。

It is time for sb. to do sth.是某人该……的时候了。

[思维拓展]
It’s time for sth..该做某事了。

It’s time to do sth.该做某事了。

It’s time for sb. to do sth.某人该做某事了。

It’s time (that) sb. did sth..某人该做某事了。

其中time之前可加修饰词：about, high。

[指点迷津]
It/This/That is the first/second...time (that) sb. have/has done...这是某人第一次/第二次……做某事。

It/This/That was the first/second...time (that) sb. had done...那是某人第一次/第二次……做某事。

—Is it high time we ______ to school?
—Oh, it’s seven o’clock. Let’s go.
A. will go
B. shall go
C. went
D. would go
解析：本题考查固定句型：It’s time (that) sb. did sth., that从句中的谓语动词要用一般过去式，这一点同would rather后从句时态一致(would rather sb. did sth.宁愿某人做某事)。

答案：C
4．Besides, table manners are only important at formal dinner parties.再者，
餐桌文化只有在正式宴会上才重要。

[思维拓展]
①besides
a. prep. (＝in addition to)除了……外，还有……
Besides Tom, five more students were late.除了汤姆外，还有5位学生迟到了。

b. adv. 再者，加之，而且
I don’t want to buy that computer. Besides, I haven’t enough money.我不想买那台微机，再说，我的钱不够多。

②except prep. 除了……外，没有……
③except for prep. 除了……外(对上文某一细节加以纠正)
④except＋that－clause除了……
⑤except＋when－clause除了……时候
⑥apart from(＝besides或except)除……之外(常位于句首)
[指点迷津]
介词except和besides后所加的人/物应同类于前述或后述的人/物，而复合介词except for后所加的人/物则不同类于前述或后述的人/物。

The suit fitted him well ______ the colour was a little brighter.
A. except for
B. except that
C. except when
D. besides
解析：句意为“除了颜色艳了点外，这套衣服很适合他穿。

”A、D项为介词，后不
能加从句，故排除；except when加从句，意为“除了……时候”，不合题意，故正确答案为B。

答案：B。