【独家原文翻译56页版】麦肯锡大数据：创新、竞争和生产力的下一个前沿(原文翻译)

大数据：创新、竞争和生产力的下一个前沿（原文翻译）麦肯锡在2011年5月发布了一个关于大数据方面的报告：《Big data: The next frontier for innovation, competition, and productivity》，虽然是6年前的报告，但是今天读来，还是非常用指导意义。

报告分为两个版本，一个是概要版20页，一个是完整版156页。

正好最近看了一遍概要版，觉得收益甚大。所以试着翻译一下，仅供参考。

标题：Big data: The next frontier for innovation, competition, and productivity

译文：大数据：创新、竞争和生产力的下一个前沿

第二页是关于MGI（麦肯锡全球研究院）的介绍，就不翻译了。

略。

Data have become a torrent flowing into every area of the global economy. 1 Companies churn out a burgeoning volume of transactional data, capturing trillions of bytes of information about their customers, suppliers, and operations. millions of networked sensors are being embedded in the physical world in devices such as mobile phones, smart energy meters, automobiles, and industrial machines that sense, create, and communicate data in the age of the Internet of Things. 2 Indeed, as companies and organizations go about their business and interact with individuals, they are generating a tremendous amount of digital

“exhaust data,”i.e., data that are created as a by-product of other activities. Social media sites, smartphones, and other consumer devices including PCs and laptops have allowed billions of individuals around the world to contribute to the amount of big data available. And the growing volume of multimedia content has played a major role in the exponential growth in the amount of big data (see Box 1, “What do we mean by ‘big data’?”). Each second of high-definition video, for example, generates more than 2,000 times as many bytes as required to store a single page of text. In a digitized world, consumers going about their day—communicating, browsing, buying, sharing, searching—create their own enormous trails of data.

译文：数据已成为流入全球经济各个领域的激流。公司制造了数量庞大的交易数据，捕获了数万亿字节的有关其客户、供应商和公司运营的信息。数百万的网络传感器被嵌入在诸如移动电话、智能电表、汽车和工业机器等实体设备中，它们在物联网时代感知、创建和传送着数据。事实上，随着公司和组织开展他们的业务并与个人进行互动，他们正在产生大量的“排放数据”，即作为其他活动的副产品而产生的数据。社交媒体、智能手机和其他消费设备，包括PC和笔记本电脑，使世界上数十亿的个人能够贡献大量数据。而且越来越多的多媒体内容在大数据的指数增长中发挥了重要作用（见插文1，“大数据”是什么？）。例如，每秒的高清视频生成的字节数量是存储单页文本所需的2000倍。在数字世界中，消费者每天都在进行通信、浏览、购买、共享和搜索——创建自己巨大的数据流。

Box 1. What do we mean by "big data"?

“Big data”refers to datasets whose size is beyond the ability of typical database software tools to capture, store, manage, and analyze. This definition is intentionally subjective and incorporates a moving definition of how big a dataset needs to be in order to be considered big data—i.e., we don’t define big data in terms of being larger than a certain number of terabytes (thousands of gigabytes). We assume that, as technology advances over time, the size of datasets that qualify as big data will also increase. Also note that the definition can vary by sector, depending on what kinds of software tools are commonly available and what sizes of datasets are common in a particular industry. With those caveats, big data in many sectors today will range from a few dozen terabytes to multiple petabytes (thousands of terabytes).

译文：插文1.“大数据”是什么？

“大数据”是指数据量级超过传统数据库软件工具捕获、存储、管理和分析能力的数据集。这个定义是主观的，并且包含了一个数据集量级的动态定义（超过这个大小才会被认为是大数据）——也就是说，我们没有定义一个确定的值（比如多少TB）。我们认为随着技术的进步，被认定为“大数据”的数据集的大小数量级也将增加。还要注意，这个数据集大小的定义会因行业而异，它取决于这些行业中普遍使用的软件工具不同以及通常的数据集的大小。基于这些认知，今天许多行业的大数据的数据集大小范围将从几十TB到几PB（几千TB）。