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大学英语综合教程四Unit11答案

An Integrated English Course IVUnit 11Text 1 Mountain Lion’s Attack!Key to ExercisesText comprehension (pp. 170-171)I. Decide which of the following best states the author's purpose of writing.AII. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.1. T. Refer to Paragraph2.2. T. Refer to Paragraph 4.3. F. Refer to Paragraph 15. The narrator watched this happen not because he was too frightened to move but because the wild animal acted so quickly that he had no time to understand what was happening, to say nothing of preventing it.4. F. Refer to Paragraph 17. The man was angry with the mountain lion, who was endangering the life of one of the kids, not with the other counselors, though they were of little help. Actually, in the fight against the animal, he had no time to be angry with them at all.5. F. Refer to Paragraph 17. The narrator's attack caught some attention from the animal although it failed to force it to give up the boy. The man's booting and punching enraged the animal and it growled and twisted its body as a result.6. T. Refer to Paragraph 20.III. Answer the following questions.1. Because he loved the outdoors as a life ~out and he loved kids. Moreover, he did not anticipate the difficulty in the job.2. They did not take his words seriously because they didn't think they would really run across a mountain lion and doubted whether the strategy introduced by the narrator would really work if they did run across one.3. It was a repeated voice from inside that made him take over the rear in the midway up the mountain.4. In the rear the narrator found that some kids were uninterested and slow in climbing up, so he bucked them up by telling them there were better things ahead.5. No, he didn't. Refer to Paragraph 17. The sentence "Fear for the boy wiped out my own terror and I found myself charging at the animal" tells us that he feared for the safety of the little boy and immediately took measures to fight the animal.6. When the lion backed about 8 feet and crouched for an attack, the scout did not step back and run away; instead he plucked up his courage and charged at it. This action drove the lion away. IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text.1. As a life scout I had earned most credits for becoming an eagle scout.2. I dismissed the thought.3 .... the trees looking threatening on both sides of us.4. The kids screamed all of a sudden ...Structural analysis of the text (p171)The text can be divided into the following three parts:Part I: Paragraph 1; Part Il: Paragraphs 2-20; and Part m: Paragraph 21.The topical sentences are:Part I: It was my idea of the perfect summer job: working as a camp counselor in the Rocky Mountains.Part II: I realized working with the kids could also be a real pain.Part III: It means being prepared to really listen when somebody's giving me divine directions.Rhetorical features of the text (p172)To describe what he did in his attempt to fight the mountain lion, the author of the text uses two kinds of verbs, i.e. verbs expressing verbal actions and those indicating material actions.For the first kind, we can find: screaming(Paragraph 16); yelling at the top of my lungs (Paragraph 17); roared, yelling (Paragraph 18). And for the second kind, we can find: spun around to the others (Paragraph 16); ran towards the lion, charging at the animal, kicking its muscular side as hard as I could, kicked again and again, even punched it with all my might (Paragraph 17); and slammed my foot into the cougar's whiskered face, pulled back to boot it again, charged at it (Paragraph 18). The use of these verbs shows effectively that the author did everything he could in his fight against the fierce animal and his attempt to protect the child.Vocabulary exercises (pp172-173)I. Explain the underlined parts in the sentences below.1. becoming a senior scout2. reckoned3. annoying4. becoming unnaturally large5. turned round6. gave honour to me/praised meII. Choose a word that best completes each of the following sentences.1. B2. D3. B4. C5. C6. AIII. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a phrase taken from the box in its appropriate form.1. buck up2. at the top of their lungs3. was ... wiped out4. in a fit of rage5. charged at6. shrug off7. spun around 8. took overIV. Explain the meaning of the underlined word or phrase in each sentence.1. testee2. serves3. actually4. again5. applauded/clapped excitedly6. causeGrammar exercises (pp173-175)I. Insert to, if necessary, in the following sentences.1. to2. /3. /4. to5. /6. /7. to8. to, toII. Combine the two sentences in each pair into one, using one nonfinite clause.1. I found myself charging at the animal, kicking its muscular side as hard as I could.2. He wailed, tears pouring down his cheeks.3. I was relieved to find out that I had passed the exam.4. John Alcock was the first man to succeed in flying non-stop across the Atlantic.5. I heard someone knocking.6. Left to the care of his grandmother, Ted grew to be a well-behaved boy.III. Correct the errors in the following sentences.1. While I was waiting for a bus, a brick fell on my head.2. Since I believed that I was the only person who knew about this beach, the sight of someone else on it annoyed me very much.3. When I read in bed, my hands often get very cold.4. Climbing down the tree, he broke his leg.5. We saw the first star shining in the sky.6. When planting these trees, one must take care not to damage the roots.IV. Explain the italicized parts in the following sentences.1. who were sleeping2. that are not declared3. that should be made4. When she realized5. If/When it is heated6. in order to haveV. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the underlined structures in your sentences.1. Flying a plane is dangerous.2. Success means working very, very hard.3. The old man was fast asleep, holding a book in his hand.4. A small boy ran past, his satchel trailing behind him.Translation exercises (p175)I. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets.1. John's friends said he was mistaken, but he stood his ground.2. The wounded elephant charged at the tree with terrific violence.3. He shrugged off our questions; he would not tell us what had happened.4. The detective discovered among them his long-sought prey.5. A good holiday will buck you up.6. He saluted, spun round and bounced out.7. He took out a gun and shot his opponent in a fit of rage.8. He jumped at any chance of getting a promotion.II. Translate the following passage into Chinese.机会不常来，只是偶尔有之。

《新编大学英语综合教程(4)》(第3版)学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】-unit

v. 规划，设计；系统地阐述；用公式表示
【例句】The contract was formulated in difficult legal language. 合同是用难懂的法律
术语写成的。
【助记】form(形式)+ulate 构想出
crucial [
adj. 至关紧要的，决定性的
【例句】Success or failure here would be crucial to his prospects. 在这儿的成功或失
supposedly
] adv. 可能；按照推测；恐怕
【例句】For this reason, prices can supposedly never go down. 出于这个原因，可以
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
推测价格不会下降。
get away with 侥幸成功，侥幸逃脱
圣才电子书

十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台
Unit 7
一、词汇短语
In-Class Reading The Commencement Speech You'll Never Hear
faculty [
n. 才能，本领，能力；(大学的)系，科；全体教员
【例句】She has the faculty to learn languages easily. 她有轻而易举学会语言的才能。
浅。
【助记】shore 岸 + low 低，岸边的水很低，浅
preparatory
adj. 预备的，准备的，筹备的；初步的
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圣才电子书十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台

adv. 在先前，作为准备 n. <美>大学预科； <英>私立预科学校

微电影教程第4章微电影构图基础

一拍摄方向
1 正面方向正面拍摄时，摄像机镜头从正前方拍摄
被摄人物，通常人物主体处于画面中心，观众看到的是被摄主体的正面形象、建筑物的正面。
2022/10/3
正面拍摄有利于表现被摄对象的正面特征，而且是左右对称的整体结构。
适合表现人物完整的面部特征和表情动作，有利于被摄主体与观众的交流，产生亲切感；也有利于表现景物的横线条，营造出庄重、稳定、严肃的气氛。
构图是为了更好地表现主题思想，在一个画面中对拍摄对象进行结构布局和造型处理，更准确、鲜明、生动地表现被摄人物和故事情节。
4.1 景别安排
• 景别就是被摄景物在画面中的大小比例，也就是拍摄范围的大小。一般分为远景、全景、中景、近景和特写等五个景别。
1 远景画面
远景是从远距离拍摄对象，主要用来表现人和物的总体氛围、整体风貌，如山川河流，原野草原等自然景物和场面。
远景是表现空间范围最大的一种景别，具有非常宽阔的视野。常用来展示事件发生的时间、环境、规模和气氛。
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远景画面可以用摇镜头的方法拍摄，以增加一种视野开阔的效果，或者在行进中表现更多的背景和活动，都会让人感觉活泼多变。也可以用广角镜头固定拍摄，适合表现一种舒缓、沉闷、稳重的气氛或节奏。
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3. 中景画面
中景是以表现被摄对象的主要区域为重、而舍弃完整全体的做法。中景画面更重视具体动作和情节，它常常只包容被摄对象的一部分，如拍人物就是人的半身像。
中景善于表现人物之间的交流、事件的矛盾冲突，大多用于表现情节和动作。
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中景画面可以使观众看清人物半身的形体动作和情绪交流，有利于交代人与人之间的关系,是人物活动最主要和最常用的镜头，尤其在描写叙事镜头中用得较多，也因此被称之为叙事性的景别。

tekla教程(4)标准节点、自定义节点

第四单元：
标准节点、自定义节点
第四单元标准节点、自定义节点
如何使用软件常用标准节点
柱底板连接梁与柱翼缘连接梁与柱腹板连接梁与梁单剪连接
零件
如何手工绘制节点
如何创建钢筋节点
构件
组件目录
细部—组成—节点对话框…(创建节点)；或按Ctrl+F；或单击图标。
项目节点
说明
示例
连接两个或更多零件，并螺栓连接节创建所需要的对象（结合、点板零件、螺栓、焊缝）
创建组件的默认视图，即会创建组件的四个视图
钢结构组件示例
梁柱连接
梁柱连接
梁梁连接
双梁柱连接
梁柱连接
梁梁连接
钢结构组件示例
柱底板连接
楼梯基础
支撑连接
支Байду номын сангаас连接
梁梁对接
柱柱对接
楼梯组件
旋转楼梯组件
钢筋组件示例
柱钢筋
梁钢筋
板钢筋
梁配筋参数化
孔洞加筋基础钢筋
螺栓、焊接连接操作
1、螺栓组 2、孔（圆孔、长孔）
螺栓、焊接连接操作
创建螺栓组操作步骤： 1、单击细部—螺栓—创建螺栓或单击螺栓图标； 2、在形状列表框中选择螺栓组的形状；（默认矩形，可调圆形） 3、选择要将次零件通过螺栓连接到的主零件； 4、选择次零件； 5、单击鼠标中键已完成零件选取； 6、选取一个点作为螺栓组原点； 7、选取第二个点制定螺栓组X方向。
栓钉绘制操作
操作步骤： 1、单击细部—螺栓—创建螺栓或单击螺栓图标； 2、在形状列表框中选择螺栓组的形状； 3、选择要创建的零件； 5、完毕后单击鼠标中间进行创建； 6、选取一个点作为螺栓组原点； 7、选取第二个点制定螺栓组X方向。

Simulation教程(4章)

▪ 对称约束的施加后，模型仍可沿轴向运动，因此它还具有轴向的刚体运动。为限制模型刚体运动，需添加约束。
▪ 使用参考几何体
– 参考基准面 – 参考轴 – 模型面 – 模型边线
© 2007 SolidWorks Corp. 机密文件。
12
教学案例
▪ 分析流程
– 冷缩配合接触
▪ 在没有外力施加到模型的情况下，冷缩配合也将在零件中产生内部应力。这些零件在起初都具有干涉。
SW-Simulation教程
——第四章冷缩配合
长沙凯士达信息技术开发有限公司 CAE工程师:谢莉
承蒙 Sanarus Medical 提供图片
学习内容
▪ 对称约束的运用 ▪ 分析冷缩配合装配体 ▪ 使用eDrawing格式给出分析结果 ▪ 在“什么错”的帮助下查找问题 ▪ 使用解算器选项消除刚体模式
© 2007 SolidWorks Corp. 机密文件。
15
教学案例
▪ 分析流程
– SY_圆周应力
© 2007 SolidWorks Corp. 机密文件。
16
教学案例
▪ 分析流程
– SX——接触应力
© 2007 SolidWorks Corp. 机密文件。
17
教学案例
▪ 分析流程
– CP接触应力
▪ 要获得精确应力的结果，需细化网格，提高应力质量
© 2007 SolidWorks Corp. 机密文件。
33
课后练习（链扣）
▪ 操作步骤
（算例3）细化网格 – 复制网格 – 细化网格
▪ 高品质，网格单元1mm
– 查看网格
▪ 网格节点超过90000，求解时间过长。
© 2007 SolidWorks Corp. 机密文件。

《新编大学英语综合教程(4)》(第3版)学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】-unit

Unit 6一、词汇短语In-Class ReadingRisks and Youhypochondria [] n. 忧郁症,臆想病【例句】People with hypochondria resemble those with OCD: They worry excessively and feel compelled to do something, like visit the doctor over and over.忧郁症与强迫焦虑症相似：他们过分担心并强制自己做一些事情，如一遍又一遍地去看医生。

on the strength of基于；凭借…；依赖…symptom [] n. (疾病的)症状；(不好事情的)征兆，症候；表征【例句】A fever is a symptom of illness. 发烧是生病的症状。

【助记】sym(相同的)+ptom(谐音：怕疼)→共同的症状是怕疼。

【派生】symptomatic adj. 有症状的；症候的all manner of各种各样的；形形色色的(人，东西等)partial [] adj. 部分的；偏袒的，偏爱的；不完全的【例句】The plan calls for partial deployment of missiles. 这个计划要求部分地疏散导弹。

【词组】be partial to对…偏爱，对…偏袒【助记】part(部分)+ial(形容词后缀)→带有部分的观点→偏袒的physician [] n. 医师；内科医师【例句】It is important to see a physician if an ulcer is suspected, since ulcers can eat through the stomach lining into other organs and occasionally be fatal.怀疑生了溃疡，去看医生是很重要的，因为溃疡会腐蚀掉胃部内层进入其他器官，这有时会是致命的。

e英语教程第4册unit4课后答案

e英语教程第4册unit4课后答案1、Mr. Bliss became the first person to die in a car accident. [单选题] *A. 事故(正确答案)B. 竞赛C. 检阅D. 交易2、It’s so nice to hear from her again. ______, we last met more than thirty year ago [单选题] *A. What ‘s wordB. That’s to sayC. Go aheadD. Believe it or not(正确答案)3、—Whose book is it? Is it yours?—No, ask John. Maybe it’s ______.（）[单选题] *A. hersB. his(正确答案)C. he’sD. her4、He doesn’t feel well. He has a _______ nose. [单选题] *A. runingB. rainingC. runny(正确答案)D. rainy5、3．Shanghai is my hometown. It’s ________ China. [单选题] *A．nearB．far away fromC．to the east ofD．in the east of(正确答案)6、My father and I often go ______ on weekends so I can ______ very well. （）[单选题] *A. swim; swimmingB. swims; swimC. swimming; swimmingD. swimming; swim(正确答案)7、56．Sam is in a hurry. Maybe he has got ________ important to do. [单选题] * A．everythingB．nothingC．anythingD．something(正确答案)8、27．Will it ______ warm in the room? [单选题] *A．areB．be(正确答案)C．isD．going to be9、The Spring Festival is on the way.Many shops have _______ huge posters with the word sales. [单选题] *A. put up(正确答案)B. put onC. put outD. put off10、We are very hungry now. Can you _______ us something to eat? [单选题] *A. carryB. takeC. borrowD. bring(正确答案)11、32．There are about __________ women doctors in this hospital. [单选题] * A．two hundred ofB．two hundreds ofC．two hundredsD．two hundred (正确答案)12、The students in that university are not fewer than（）in our university. [单选题] *A. the oneB. thatC. themD. those(正确答案)13、Why don’t you _______ the bad habit of smoking. [单选题] *A. apply forB. get rid of(正确答案)C. work asD. graduate from14、( )Keep quiet, please. It’s ________ noisy here. [单选题] *A. many tooB. too manyC. too muchD. much too(正确答案)15、_______ win the competition, he practiced a lot. [单选题] *A. BecauseB. In order to(正确答案)C. Thanks toD. In addition to16、Nowadays more and more people travel by _______, because its safe, cheap and fast. [单选题] *A. footB. bikeC. high-speed train(正确答案)D. boat17、Jack can speak Japanese, and his brother can _______ speak Japanese. [单选题] *A. tooB. also(正确答案)C. eitherD. as well18、I will _______ at the school gate. [单选题] *A. pick you up(正确答案)B. pick up youC. pick you outD. pick out you19、He always did well at school _____ having to do part-time jobs every now and then. [单选题] *A despite ofB. in spite of(正确答案)C. regardless ofD in case of20、The idea of working abroad really（）me. [单选题] *appeals to (正确答案)B. attaches toC. adapts toD. gets across21、His handwriting is better than _____. [单选题] *A. mine(正确答案)B. myC. ID. me22、Catherine has two cousins. One is quiet, and _______ is noisy. [单选题] *A. anotherB. the other(正确答案)C. othersD. other23、______ pocket money did you get when you were a child? （）[单选题] *A. WhatB. HowC. How manyD. How much(正确答案)24、Be _______ when you are driving. [单选题] *A. afraidB. careful(正确答案)C. clearD. clean25、—Why do you call him Mr. Know?—______ he knows almost everything that we want to know.（）[单选题] *A. SoB. OrC. ButD. Because(正确答案)26、67．—What can I do for you?—I'm looking at that dress.It looks nice.May I ________？[单选题] *A．hold it onB．try it on(正确答案)C．take it offD．get it off27、Tom’s mother will let him _______ traveling if he comes back?in five days. [单选题] *A. to goB. goesC. wentD. go(正确答案)28、If you don’t feel well, you’d better ask a ______ for help. [单选题] *A. policemanB. driverC. pilotD. doctor(正确答案)29、The classmates can' t（）Alice from her twin sister. [单选题] *A. speakB. tell(正确答案)C. talkD. say30、You can't rely on Jane as she is _____ changing her mind and you will never know what she is going to do next. [单选题] *A. occasionallyB. rarelyC. scarcelyD. constantly(正确答案)。

计算机专业英语教程第四版部分翻译和简答题

翻译：1、C++’s advantages include strong typing, operator overloading, and less emphasis on the preprocessor.C++的优点包括强类型，运算符重载和较少地强调预处理器。

2、A program instruction or a piece of data is stored in a specific primary storage location called an address.程序指令和数据是存储在主存中一个特殊的位置，称为地址空间3、A high-level language is an artificial language with which we can write various instructions. This is possible not because computer processors are now so technologically advanced that they can ‘understand’ these langu ages. You should translate from programming languages into machine language which can be understood by the computer processors. Compilers can accomplish this task. This does mean that a high-level language program is not directly executable: it must be compiled to produce processor program, which is executable.高级语言是一门人工的我们可以写入各种各样指令的语言。

Fluent教程案例4-非牛顿流体三维环空内流动

实验四、三维环空流动的数值模拟在石油工程，环空内的流动是最常见的一种流动，本实验模拟环空内的牛顿流体和非牛顿流体的流动。

本文旨在学习非牛顿流体模拟的设置，辅助线法构建网格和移动（旋转）壁面条件的应用。

1 物理模型三维环空管长5米，外圆半径0.5m，内小圆半径0.1m，小圆偏心距为0.1米。

流体介质：非牛顿流体。

Inlet：流速入口2m/sOutlet：流出outflow2 数值模拟原理方程求解：采用双精度求解器，定常流动，层流，SIMPLEC算法。

3建立模型3.1 首先建立三维水平放置环空的几何模型Geometry。

如果不利用辅助线而是直接对偏心环空进行网格构造则产生不好的网格。

如下图是对偏心圆无辅助线直接绘制的网格，网格质量差。

故本文采用添加辅助线构建合理化网格。

1）利用geometry/face/create real circular face 生成同心大小圆。

将小圆x方向移动0.1m，形成偏心圆。

2）为了改善环空网格，利用move/copy vertices生成新节点，利用节点添加过两圆心的辅助线。

连接两节点，生成辅助线。

将辅助线扫略（sweep），向z轴正方向sweep 5个单位大小生成辅助面。

其中Sweep Edges 面板中Vector 默认的Magnitude是1m，需要调整到5米。

3）利用面的布尔运算，将小圆从大圆中减去，Face/Subtract Real Faces，生成Face1，得到偏心圆面。

4）为改善网格将得到的偏心面用辅助面分割，再Sweep形成计算域的三维环空。

将分割后的两个面选中做扫略（Sweep）成三维体。

Geometry/volume/sweep Fcae，其中Sweep Edges 面板中Vector 默认的Magnitude是1m，需要调整到5米。

3.2 生成网格，由边到面网格到体网格。

.1）设置大圆和小圆的边节点数interval count为25，辅助线部分节点数interval count 10，完成边网格设置，选中2个面，利用Elements默认Quad，Type：Submap点击应用完成面网格生成。

SPSS教程讲义培训教程简明教程（4）方差分析

试验4：方差分析一、试验目标与要求1．帮助学生深入了解方差及方差分析的基本概念，掌握方差分析的基本思想和原理2．掌握方差分析的过程。

3．增强学生的实践能力，使学生能够利用SPSS统计软件，熟练进行单因素方差分析、两因素方差分析等操作，激发学生的学习兴趣，增强自我学习和研究的能力。

二、试验原理在现实的生产和经营管理过程中，影响产品质量、数量或销量的因素往往很多。

例如，农作物的产量受作物的品种、施肥的多少及种类等的影响；某种商品的销量受商品价格、质量、广告等的影响。

为此引入方差分析的方法。

方差分析也是一种假设检验，它是对全部样本观测值的变动进行分解，将某种控制因素下各组样本观测值之间可能存在的由该因素导致的系统性误差与随即误差加以比较，据以推断各组样本之间是否存在显著差异。

若存在显著差异，则说明该因素对各总体的影响是显著的。

方差分析有3个基本的概念：观测变量、因素和水平。

观测变量是进行方差分析所研究的对象；因素是影响观测变量变化的客观或人为条件；因素的不同类别或不通取值则称为因素的不同水平。

在上面的例子中，农作物的产量和商品的销量就是观测变量，作物的品种、施肥种类、商品价格、广告等就是因素。

在方差分析中，因素常常是某一个或多个离散型的分类变量。

根据观测变量的个数，可将方差分析分为单变量方差分析和多变量方差分析；根据因素个数，可分为单因素方差分析和多因素方差分析。

在SPSS中，有One－way ANOVA(单变量－单因素方差分析)、GLM Univariate（单变量多因素方差分析）；GLM Multivariate （多变量多因素方差分析），不同的方差分析方法适用于不同的实际情况。

本节仅练习最为常用的单因素单变量方差分析。

三、试验演示内容与步骤单因素方差分析也称一维方差分析，对两组以上的均值加以比较。

检验由单一因素影响的一个分析变量由因素各水平分组的均值之间的差异是否有统计意义。

并可以进行两两组间均值的比较，称作组间均值的多重比较。

新核心综合学术英语教程 4 Unit 2 参考答案

Unit 2•评估母乳喂养的锐减程度•assess the extent of decline in breast-feeding•不良改变的诱发因素•the major factors responsible for the negative change•就住房和一般生活成本而言•in terms of housing and general cost of living•被奶瓶文化所取代•give way to the “bottle culture”•补充其他食物be supplemented with other foods•对延长母乳喂养产生不利影响•Militate against prolonged breast-feeding•宏观经济与社会文化因素的复杂交织•complex interactions between broad economic and socio-cultural factors•把负面的变化归因于从发达国家舶来的态度和影响•attribute the negative change to attitudes and influences imported from the developed world•不符合母亲的营养意识•fall short of the mother’s nutritional awareness•等同于极端的个人及社会贫困•be synonymous with extreme individual and community povertyTask 1 (Page 32)1. D2. C3. E4. A5. B6. L7. K8. O9. J10. N11. F12. M13. M14. HTask 2 (Page 33)1) The report attempts to evaluate current maternal perceptions of infant-feeding amongdifferent ethnic, religious, cultural, and socio-economic groups in Nigeria. The research questions include: What is the current situation of the decline in breast-feeding in Nigeria?What are the major factors responsible for the negative change? How to institute corrective educational measures? (B)2) The metropolitan Lagos is heterogeneous in its ethnic and socio-economic composition. (B)3) Most of the earlier reports attributed the negative change to attitudes and influencesimported from the developed world and the preference for bottle-feeding by the urbanized African. (L)4) For most Nigerians, urban existence means extreme individual and community poverty.Implicit in this is a great pressure on mothers to spend more time trying to augment the family income at the expense of caring adequately for their children. (M)5) Childhood malnutrition is more a result of objective conditions of people’s lives thanignorance on the mother’s part. (N)Task 3 (Page 42)1. h2. j3. m4. n5. q6. v7. u8. a9. t10. b 11. s12. l 13. c14. d15. r16. p17. e18. o19. k20. i21. g22. f23. wTask 41) The government accorded him the rank of Colonel.授予，给予present with, grant, confer, give, render2) She did not understand the dimension of her plight.方面scope, extent3) Today his company continues to thrive.兴旺，繁荣flourish, bloom, prosper, grow rich4) The discrepancy between press and radio reports is obvious.差异difference, disparity, divergence, disagreement, dissimilarity, incongruity, contradiction, inconsistency, incongruousness, discordance5) None of these buildings are noteworthy for their architecture.值得关注的，重要的，显著的great, magnitudinous, important, notable, signif icant, exceptional, towering, extraordinary, outstanding, remarkable6) We will institute some legal proceedings against the company.开始实行，着手，提起（诉讼）initiate, introduce, originate, launch, start, begin7) She keeps extolling his managerial skills.赞美acclaim, praise, pay tribute to, glorify, applaud, compliment8) They attribute their success to external causes such as luck.归因于ascribe, assign, credit9) The heterogeneous society of today should be taken into account.各种各样的varied, mixed, diversified, assorted, diverse10) The great virtue of camping is its cheapness.优点plus, strength, advantage, asset, benefit, merit11) Going grey is not necessarily synonymous with growing old.等同于equivalent to, identical to, equal to, the same as, identified with, tantamount to, similar to12) She felt an overwhelming desire to have another child.难以抑制的，强烈的overpowering, strong, compelling, uncontrollable, compulsive, irresistible, forceful, powerfulThe most formal ones are: disparity, ascribe, augment, incongruity, acclaim, initiate, burgeon, compelling, confer, pay tribute to, incongruous, tantamount to, discordance, compulsive, identi- fied with, assorted, meritTask 5 (Page 44)1) At least 29% of the families had incomes below N 2oo every month, which was much lowerthan the minimum required living in a city ranked among the most expensive in the world when it comes to housing and general cost of living.2) As could be clearly seen from the present study, th ere was a wide gap between women’sactual infant-feeding practice and their opinions on what the practice should be like. In most of the cases the mothers’ nutritional awareness is better than their actual practice, and this is contradictory to the widely held beliefs that those illiterate and urbanized women suffer from inappropriate counseling.3) M ost of the earlier reports believe that people’s attitudes chang e negatively because of theinfluences from the developed world and the preference of bottle-feeding to breast-feeding by the urbanized African. Clearly such explanations are too simple and only suit a small number of people for they neglect the harsh realities of urban existence, which makes it diff icult for the mothers to prolong breast-feeding.Task 6 (Page 44)Main idea: Research shows that childhood malnutrition is more a result of objective conditions of people’s lives than ignorance on the mother’s part.Task 7 (Page 45)The major objective of the research paper is to assess the extent of decline in breast-feeding as well as the factors responsible for the negative change, and measures to tackle the problem. The study sample comprised 558 randomly selected women residents in Surulere, Nigeria. An interview was conducted by a standard questionnaire to obtain information. Research shows that the decline in breast-feeding in Nigeria is mainly due to the harsh realities of urban existence, which means extreme individual and community poverty. The current trend will not be reversed if the major structural defect of urban life in the developing world is not eliminated or controlled. Much can be done to educate the mothers on the use of hygienically acceptable supplementary foods from relatively inexpensive but nutritious locally available staple foods.Task 10 (Page 45)Breastfeeding Faces Challenges in ChinaUrbanization is closely linked to modernization, industrialization, and the sociological process of rationalization. Urbanization can describe a specif ic condition at a set time, i.e. the proportion of total population or area in cities or towns, or the term can describe the increase of this proportion over time. So the term urbanization can represent the level of urban development relative to overall population, or it can represent the rate at which the urban proportion is increasing.Upon hearing her baby wail, Zhang Shuyi finds herself at her wit’s end. Although she waspreviously confident that she would be able to breastfeed her child properly, she worries that she might not be able to give her baby enough milk.After giving birth to her son two years ago, 35-year-old Zhang, a doctor at the Capital Institute of Pediatrics in Beijing has continued to practice exclusive breastfeeding in strict accordance with international standards.Task 12 (Page 54)1) Para K Its topic sentence: Complex interactions between broad economic and socio-cultural factors inf luence infant-feeding practices in the developing countries.2) Para O Its topic sentence: Perhaps more lasting benefits will be achieved by emphasizing the education of mothers on how to prepare and use hygienically acceptable supplementary foods from relatively inexpensive but nutritious locally available staple foods.Academic Survival SkillsTask 1 (Page 58)Question 2S trong author version: Anyanwu (1985) claimed that “for most Nigerians, urban existence is synonymous with extreme individual and community poverty” for the great economic pressure on the mothers leave them little time to care adequately for their children. W eak author version: For most Nigerians, the great economic pressure on the mothers leave them little time to care adequately for their children, thus “urban existence is synonymous with extreme individual and community poverty”(Anyanwu, 1985).Question 3 Strong author version: Anyanwu (1985) claimed that it would be better if emphasis could be put on the education of mothers “on how to prepare and use hygienically acceptable supplementary foods from relatively inexpensive but nutritious locally availab le staple foods.” Weak author version: It will be better if emphasis can be put on the education of mothers “on how to prepare and use hygienically acceptable supplementary foods from relatively inexpensive but nutritious locally available staple foods” (A nyanwu, 1985).Task 2 (Page 59)1) Direct quotation. 2) The original source is quoted with a brief explanation in the beginning of the sentence. 3) The original source is quoted with the author’s comment inserted in the middle of the sentence.Task 3 (Page 59)A summary is much shorter than the original source for it only contains the main idea, omitting the details, while a paraphrase is usually the same length as the original source, making changes in vocabulary and structures about some diff icult words and expressions.Task 4 (Page 60)2) Chinese big cities suffer from congestion due to the steadily increasing number of vehicles.3) Some complex sentences may be meaningless.4) Learners are active for they attempt to learn from their experiences.5) Some educators believe that the choice of major makes the biggest difference for students entering college, while others think differently.6) Social networking services (SNS) has changed the way people socialize.7) Hirshi and Gottfreds on advance the theory of “self-control”to explain people’s propensity to commit or refrain from crimes.Task 6 (Page 64)Paragraph 2 Summary:Gordon and Taylor argue that the difficulties experienced by people with writing will become easier if they learn to deal with their reactions to it appropriately. Paragraph 3 Summary:Frick argues that education has been signif icantly changed by technology at some major turning points in history. The f irst example was the primitive modes of communication in prehistoric times.Paragraph 4 Summary: Hewitt believes that acts of academic dishonesty undermine the validity of the measure of learning.Paragraph 5 Summary: Edelso argues that besides natural resources, there are more important factors determining the wealth of people—the fundamental political and legal institutions of a nation.。

AUTODYN基础教程四参考文档

欧拉(2D 轴对称)映射到拉格朗日(3D)
2
4-12
映添加射标题
MEFP破片形成和侵彻
拉格朗日(3D)映射到Euler (3D)
拉格朗日
2
欧拉
4-13
映添加射标题
爆炸冲击波对建筑物的冲击
1D-2D-3D欧拉映射
10kg TNT
空气中爆炸
4m
刚性墙
2
4-14
映添加射标题
初始材料位置
第一步
最后的材料位置
2
Shear Modulus G
E 2 (1+ n)
3EK 9K - E 3K (1 - 2n) 2 (1 + n)
2D 楔形模型
2
3D Euler-FCT模型
4-29
基添加础标培题训四
• 1、特色技术 • 2、材料模型
2
4-30
基添加础标培题训四
A. 状态方程 B. 强度模型 C. 失效模型
2
4-31
材添加料标模题型
• 通常，材料在动态载荷下的响应非常复杂，比如：
– 非线形压力响应； – 应变和应变率硬化； – 热软化； – 各向异性料属性； – 拉伸断裂； – 复合材料破坏。
ANSYS AUTODYN 基础教程四
2
4-1
基添加础标培题训四
• 1、特色技术 • 2、材料模型
2
4-2
细添加化标网题格
• 细化正交网格； • 指定在I，J和K方向上细化
的倍数因子。
2
4-3
细添加化标网题格
细化网格前
细化网格后
2
4-4
粗添加化标网题格
• 粗化正交网格； • 指定在I，J和K方向上粗化

综合教程大学英语4课本译文及课后答案

他们时刻被⼤⾃然所包围并与之相互影响。

⼈类呼吸的空⽓、喝下的⽔和摄⼊的⾷物，⽆⼀不令⼈类时刻感知到⼤⾃然的影响。

我们与⼤⾃然⾎⾁相连，离开⼤⾃然，我们将⽆法⽣存。

2 ⼈类不仅⽣活在⼤⾃然之中，同时也在改变着⼤⾃然。

⼈类把⾃然资源转变为各种⽂化、社会历史的财富。

⼈类降服并控制了电，迫使它为⼈类社会的利益服务。

⼈类不仅把各种各样的动植物转移到不同的⽓候环境下，也改变了他所⽣活环境的地貌和⽓候，并使动植物因之⽽发⽣转变。

3 随着社会的发展，⼈类对⼤⾃然的直接依赖越来越少，⽽间接的依赖却越来越多。

我们远古的祖先⽣活在⼤⾃然的威胁及破坏⼒的恐惧之中，他们常常连基本的⽣活物资都⽆法获取。

然⽽，尽管⼯具不甚完备，他们却能同⼼协⼒，顽强⼯作，并总是有所收获。

在与⼈类的相互作⽤中，⼤⾃然也发⽣了改变。

森林被破坏了，耕地⾯积增加了。

⼤⾃然及其威⼒被看成是和⼈类敌对的东西。

譬如，森林被认为是野性的和令⼈恐惧的，因此⼈类便想⽅设法使其⾯积缩⼩。

这⼀切都是打着“⽂明”的旗号进⾏的，所谓“⽂明”，就是指⼈类在那些地⽅建⽴了家园，那些地⽅的⼟地得以耕耘，那⾥的森林已被砍伐。

4 然⽽，随着岁⽉的流逝，⼈类越来越关注的是在何处以及如何得到⽣产所需的不可替代的⾃然资源的问题。

科学与⼈类改变⼤⾃然的实践活动已经使⼈类意识到了⼯业在改变地球的进程中对地质产⽣的重⼤影响。

5 ⽬前，⼈与⾃然以及⾃然与社会整体之间过去存在的动态平衡，已呈现崩溃的迹象。

⽣物圈中所谓可替代资源的问题变得极为严重。

⼈类和社会的需求，即便是像淡⽔⼀样的物质，也变得越来越难以满⾜。

清除⼯业废物的问题也变得⽇益复杂。

6 现代技术的特征是⽣产和使⽤⽇益丰富的⼈⼯合成产品。

B4U1新世纪大学英语(第二版)综合教程第4册Unit1

B4U1新世纪大学英语(第二版)综合教程第4册Unit1Unit Man and1Natu erListe nad RneponsdR eda nad EpxolreOtipnoalCl asrsom octiAvitiseEhancneY or Luagnugea wAaerenssGe ttSatedrGe tSartteDidsucsson iQuoes tWtahcng inadDi cussisnoUnit 1orW kn iaprsio r gouprsan ddi suscs htef olowlnig quesitons.. 1o Doyuthi k nanml vis in hearmonywi h natture own?2.D oy outh nkithat anm ahs bee nestdryinog ntaure?Coul dyu oigv esmeoe axmles?p3. Whtado y o uthnik e shwoud do lto pesrrev nateue?3r新世大学纪英系列语材(第二版教)综合教程4Get taStedrDscusiiso Quntes oWatcinghan DdsicssionuUnit1 Studyt h eoflolwnigqu ote absut maon and antre uanddi scuss n piiar whstay ou acnl eanr rfom temh.4新世纪大英语系学列教材(第二版)合教综4程GteS atrtdDeicsusiso Qnuoet sWtcainh gan disDucssinoUnt 1Sitduynat ur,e lov neturea ,satyc oles ot aturne.It iwl nevlr efil you.a ―Frank L olyd Wrgih Itnterpetrtain: oAs n aachrtiec,tW igrt hepmashies tzh eipomrtncea folov ing ad nstuydngi antreu We.s oulhdobserv en tareu ,take cae rfo itan ldvi eni haromn wiyhtit .An d hen tewwi llne verfeel diaspopited nitw ih.tClick iPcutre5新纪大世学英语系教材(列第版)综合二程4教Ge ttarteSdiDsuscion Quoses Wttahcngia d DnsiusciosnUit n1ooL kdep eintonat ue,rand then ouyw ill nudesrtan evedythirgn bette. r―A beltrE nsietniIn teprrtatien:o Asa csietints, iEstnen bieilvee shatta cl osestu y do fnauterw illhelp u besttre udnerstadn hints.gCick lictPrue新6世纪大学英语列系教材(第版二)合教程综4GetSta retdiDscssuoni QoteusW tcaihg nna dDsiuscionsUit 1nW eo dot nees atnruew it hur oeesy,b ut ith ourw unedstrndingasa dnou reahtrs .― Wlliim Haazlitt Itnerpetariotn A:sa wriet, Hazlirtt rguseu s otlove a d appreniacet natreuh ear and tsulo.lCic kPitcru7新世e大学英语系纪列材(第教版)二合教综4程GettaSrtedDiscusiosn Quote Watschinga d nDicussisnoUin t1Teh ighhetsp uposre i st haove no purpoe as atll. hTsip tuson ein a ccrd oitwhn aurt,ein h er manne rfoopera tino ―. 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新编日语教程第4册译文及答案

新编日语教程4第21課泊まるところは店長に手配していただきました。

二．译文王：喂，我是店长介绍过给您的小王，三天后，我会去你们那儿，到时请多多关照。

亲戚：哪儿的话，今天打电话来有什么事吗？王：恩，很冒昧地给您打电话，真不好意思。

想和你谈谈登富士山的事。

亲戚：啊，是吗？一般是乘巴士到富士山的第五段，然后步行五，六个小时到山顶。

王：当天往返能行吗？亲戚：恩…我认为到第八段的时候到山上小屋住一晚，第二天一早再爬到山顶比较好，肯定还能看到美丽的日出。

王：是吗？那么，就这样吧。

亲戚：如果安排好了登山的日程的话，我们夫妇俩人看情况会和你一起去，请不用担心。

王：是真的吗？真是太谢谢了。

早就听说富士山的日出很美，真的好期待啊！二．译文像“富士急行”这样的铁路公司被归类为民营铁路公司的范畴。

所谓的民营铁路公司，是指在经营铁路的事业者中，主要由民间企业来经营铁路，也称为“民营铁路”（简称民铁）。

实际上，使用“民营铁路公司”这一叫法是工会啦或一般的消费人群，经营者这一方则更多地使用“民铁”这一叫法。

原先国营铁路JR被民营化后过了很久，称呼“民营铁路公司”的时候一般都把JR铁路除外。

还有，由地方团体参与的铁路，市民设立的非营利团体，地铁等都被排除于“民营铁路公司”之外。

作为有名的大的铁路公司，关东地区有东武铁，东京急行地铁，西武铁道，京成电铁，京浜急行等，关西地区有近铁，阪急电铁，阪神电铁，南海电铁，名铁等等。

練習問題答案：問題Ⅰ：問1：1.② 2.① 3.③ 4.① 5.②問2：1.① 2.② 3.③ 4.②問題Ⅱ：問1：1.③ 2.② 3.① 4.④問2：1.③ 2.④ 3.③ 4.①問題Ⅲ：1.④ 2.② 3.③ 4.② 5.②6.②7.②8.④9.①問題Ⅳ：1.④ 2.② 3.③ 4.③ 5.③6.②7.③8.③9.③ 10.②阅读部分译文：（王小华的日记）盂兰盆会结束了，我在超市的零工也暂告一段落。

对我来说，应当进入一个真正的暑假了。

新编英语教程第四册 Text I Unit I Book 4

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1. What does “This Year” in the title suggest?
• It suggests a comparison between “this year” and “the years in the past” • We can guess that the writer is going to say something he did in the previous years and something that he is going to do in the coming year.
#
1. Please scan the text and make a list of the writer’s collection of rules for self-improvement.
• • • • • Be spontaneous in showing affection. A sincere compliment is worth its weight in gold. Always encourage you child’s curiosity. Meet your child at his own level. Show an interest in your children’s friends.
#
9. Why did the writer decide to take down the Christmas tree? And what was his wife reaction? (Paragraph 22-23) 10.Can you describe the writer’s air of speaking when he seem to fail to “get out from what he puts in” as far as his new year’s resolutions are concerned? (Paragraph 34-38) 11. Why was everybody relieved in the end? 12. Can you say something about the writer’s usual character? 13. Why did all the writer’s efforts to be a good father and husband end in failure? 14. Please summarize the main idea of the text.

CAD教程第4章-平面图形编辑命令

CAD教程第4章-平面图形编辑命令在绘图过程中，经常需要调整图形对象的位置、形状等。

AutoCAD 提供了功能强大的编辑命令，可以对图形进行删除、移动、复制、旋转、拉伸、镜像、倒角、圆角、修剪、阵列等操作，还提供了利用图形对象的关键点快速移动、复制、旋转、拉伸等功能。

熟练地掌握这些编辑命令，可以使图形的编辑十分方便、快捷，大大提高绘图的效率。

图形编辑命令的输入方法有三种： 1 、【修改】工具栏、2 、【修改】下拉菜单、3 、键盘输入编辑命令的英文名。

一、选择编辑对象的方式输入一条编辑命令之后，应选择编辑对象，系统通常会有如下提示：选择对象：这时光标会变成小方块形状。

可以利用下面介绍的任一种方式选择编辑对象，被选中的实体对象以“醒目”的方式 ( 虚线 ) 显示。

AutoCAD 提供了多种选择对象的方式．主要有以下几种：1 ．拾取方式用光标拾取一个实体。

这种方式只能逐个选择实体。

若选取的实体具有一定的宽度，要单击边界上的点。

2 ．窗口方式用从左到右形成一个矩形窗口的方式选择实体，凡在窗口内完全被包围的实体即被选中，因此一次可以选取多个实体。

3 ．交叉窗口方式用从右到左形成一个矩形窗口的方式选择实体，凡在窗口内完全被包围的实体即被选中中，因此这种方式选取的范围更大。

以上三种方式是系统默认的选择方式。

在“选择对象：”提示下，用光标拾取一点，若选中了一个实体，即为第一种方式，系统提示继续选择对象；若未选中对象（拾取点在屏幕的空白处 ) ，则拾取点自动成为第二或第三种方式矩形窗口的第一个角点，系统提示“指定对角点”。

若第二角点在第一角点的右面，则为第二种方式，矫形窗口显示为实线；否则，为第三种方式，矩形窗口显示为虚线。

4 ．全选方式在“选择对象：”提示下键入 ALL （回车），选取不在已锁定或已经冻结层上的图中所有的实体。

5 ．取消选择方式在“选样对象：”提示下，键入 Undo( 回车 ) 将取消最后一次进行的对象选择操作 .6 ．结束选择方式在“选择对象：”提示下，直接用回车响应，结束对象选择操作，进入指定的编辑操作 .•基本编辑命令•1 、删除命令在绘图过程中，使用删除命令 , 可以删除错误的或不需要的图形对象。

大学英语综合教程四Unit4答案[策划]

Unit 5Text comprehensionI. Decide which of the following best states the autho r’s purpose of writing.C.II. Judge. according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.1. F. Refer to Paragraphs 1 and2.Though it is true that what interested the woman was the all-sided description of the friendship between the two characters, the plot of the movie was far from exciting; it was in many ways a slight movie..2. T. Refer to Paragraph3.3. F. Refer to Paragraph4. The shift was not simply from men to women. It in depth represented a shift from one type of friendship to another. In other words, female friendship depicted in movies nowadays was distinct in nature from male friendship portrayed in earlier movies.4. T. Refer to Paragraph 8.5. T. Refer to Paragraph 16.6. F. Refer to Paragraph 18. The author only says that in the double standard of friendship the female version was becoming accepted as the general idea for once.III. Answer the following questions.1. She thought it was a trivial movie, particularly with regard to its dull plot. At the same time she found it gentle and affecting on the ground that the movie described in detail the characteristics of the friendship between two women.2. Because in the past men were exclusive images for friendship in movies and they were presented as the only inheritor of a primitive capacity for friendship. Women, on the other hand, were portrayed choosing each other as companions just as they picked berries with little genuine friendship involved. Nowadays, the female friendship was becoming a fashionable theme of movies to take the place of the make friendship.3. The male friendship, i.e. the bonding relationship between buddies, is established on the need for co-operation in the activities that men are engaged in or in the adverse situations they are confronted with. In other words, without the need to dothings together, there would probably be no buddies at all. In contrast, the female friendship borders on love, the need for mutual emotional support. Women friends desire to be together as a result of spiritual attachment, regardless of whether they are involved in the same act or not.4. Men become buddies only when they have undergone together competitive, adverse or dangerous situations like sports games and wars, but women are not real friends unless they have exchanged three loathsome secrets. This fact shows again that the male friendship is activity-oriented while the female friendship isemotion-rooted.5. It is intended to illustrate that female friends exchange their confidences.6. Because what men described as friendship was nothing of the kind at all to the woman. As she saw it, when two women see each other only once a year, they cannot count as best friends; when two women do not call each other long distance without a real reason, they don’t count as intimates; and when two women don’t have dinner together alone without a company of their spouses, they don’t count as chums. But in such situations, men still describe them as bosom friends.IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken form the text.1. Slowly, the movie gave a panoramic picture of friendship…2. This was not simply a shift from one fashion to another, but a truthful description of friendship.3. The two sides must have been mortally wounded in the OK Corral gunfight.4. Buddies hold on together in face of adversity; friends cling tightly to each other for emotional support.Structural analysis of the textWe can summarize the author’s viewpoint with the following sentence: A buddy is a fine life-companion but a friend is that part of the race with which you can be human.The more specific differences between a buddy and a friend are given below:1.Buddies bonded, but friends loved.2.Buddies faced adversity together, but friends faced each other.3.Buddies seemed to “do” things together; friends simply “were” together.Vocabulary exercisesI. Replace the underlined words in the sentences with appropriate forms of words chosen from the text.1. cosmic2. bonding3. primal4. adversity5. palpably6. loathsomeII. Fill in the blank with the appropriate forms of the given words.1. fragility2. drastic3. replacement4. Trendy5. portrayal6.inheritance7.confidence8. embarrassingIII . Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text .1. hang together2. pick on3. soldiering4. showing…off5. will make a difference6. binges7. intimacy8. resiliencyIV. Explain the meaning of the underlined word or phrase in each sentence.1. example2. projects3. friendly4. finished5. not to hurry6. reasonableGrammar exercisesI. Note the parts omitted in the following sentences.Ellipsis is commonly employed in comparative constructions. What can be omitted includes the subject, the predicate verb, the complement and the adverb of the second clause.II. Improve the following sentences.1.The students of Class One are more hardworking than those of Class Two.2.He has sat at the table for several hours and drunk considerably more winethan is good for his health.3.The greater the achievements(are), the more modest we should be.4.It is said that British parents take better care of the animals than of theirchildren.5.Tom likes pop music more than his eighteen-year-old daughter does.6.Mary would do it much more quickly than I would.III. Fill in the blanks with rather or fairly.1. rather2. rather3. fairly4. fairly5. fairly6. rather7. rather8. ratherIV. Rewrite the following in direct speech.What have you done to your clothes? You look awful. How can you have managed to get so muddy? If you’ve been playing on the riverbank, it’s extremely naughty of you. You know the banks are very slippery and that you might fall in and drown. You both know you’ve been forbidden to play near the river.V. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the underlined parts in your sentences .1. It never rains but (it) pours.William Handy was not the first composer of the blues, but he was the first to make the music more popular.2.They didn’t find her until the next day.It was not until nearly 11 o’clock that they sighted the snowcapped peak.Translation exercisesI. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets .1. Your remarks border on rudeness.2. Any unemployed person counts as deserving government help.3. On the whole I am quite satisfied with the experiment.4. A person’s appearance makes a difference in how others judge him.5. Advertising tends to portray women in very traditional roles.6. Having inherited a considerable wealth, the twin sisters were eager to show off their jewelry.7. Public interest has once again shifted focus to the changes in the urban environment.8. In contrast, even the most modern aircraft look clumsy and slow.II. Translate the following passage into Chinese.如同在其他许多欧洲国家一样，在法国，朋友通常是相同性别的，友谊则基本上被认为是男人之间的一种关系。

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