初识定语从句

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初中·定语从句详细讲解

初中·定语从句详细讲解

定语从句定语从句是一个重点语法项目,而且也是各种考试中考查的重点,要牢固掌握好关系代词和关系副词的基本用法及特殊用法,并且学会利用相关知识来作出判断,准确解答相关试题。

知识详单何为定语从句:在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。

定语从句的作用相当于形容词,用来修饰主句中的某一名词、代词或整个主句。

先行词:被定语从句修饰的词,定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。

关系词:在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。

关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。

知识点1关系词知识点2关系代词的用法知识点3关系副词的用法知识点4定语从句的注意事项考点突破考点1 考察关系代词的用法1.(哈尔滨中考)Everyone has his aim in life. However, you can't get fat on one mouthful. Start with the easiest thing______ you can controlA. whoB. thatC. which【解析】选B。

先行词thing是物,且由最高级修饰,关系代词用that,2.(绥化中考) The story book_________ you lent me is very interesting.A. whichB. itC. what【解析】选A。

先行词为The story book,指物,关系词which在从句中作lent的宾语。

故选A,3.(龙东中考)Shirley is the girl_______ taught me how to use We-chat(微信).A. whomB. whichC. who【解析】选C, the girl作先行词,表示人,关系词在从句中作主语,故关系代词用who,4.(咸宁中考)-Have you seen the documentary named A Bite of China(舌尖上的中国))?-Yeah! It's the most funny one__________ I have ever seen.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. where[解析]选A。

定语从句初级知识点总结

定语从句初级知识点总结

定语从句初级知识点总结一、定义和基本结构定语从句是由关系代词(who, whom, whose, which, that)或者关系副词(where, when, why)引导的从句,修饰名词或代词的从句。

定语从句通常跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后,用来对其进行进一步的修饰和限定。

定语从句的基本结构为:关系代词/关系副词 + 主句。

例如:- This is the book which I bought yesterday.- The man who is talking to Mary is my teacher.- Do you know the reason why she is crying?二、关系代词的用法1. who:指人,作主语或宾语。

- The man who is standing there is my brother.- Do you know the girl who I was talking to?2. whom:形式较正式,指人,作宾语。

- The girl whom you met yesterday is my friend.- He is the person whom I am going to interview.3. whose:指人或物,表示所有关系。

- The boy whose father is a doctor won the prize.- Do you know the girl whose bag was stolen?4. which:指物,作主语或宾语。

- This is the book which I bought yesterday.- Do you know the car which he is driving?5. that:指人或物,作主语或宾语,口语中常用。

- This is the man that I saw yesterday.- The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.三、关系副词的用法1. where:表示地点,修饰名词。

定语从句知识点总结简单

定语从句知识点总结简单

定语从句知识点总结简单一、定语从句的概念定语从句是指修饰名词或代词的从句,用来限定或描述这个名词或代词的性质、特征等。

定语从句通常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后,用以补充说明名词或代词所指的具体内容。

二、定语从句的结构定语从句的结构包括先行词、关系代词或关系副词以及从句三个部分。

1. 先行词:即被定语从句修饰的名词或代词,通常在定语从句的前面。

2. 关系代词:在定语从句中起连接作用的代词,包括who, whom, whose, which, that等。

3. 关系副词:在定语从句中起连接作用的副词,包括where, when, why等。

三、关系代词和关系副词的用法1. who/whom/whose:关系代词,用来引导修饰人的定语从句。

例如:The girl who is standing there is my sister.The man whose car was stolen has reported to the police.2. which/that:关系代词,用来引导修饰物的定语从句,which一般只用于非限制性定语从句。

例如:The book which is on the table is mine.The pen that I lost last night is found.3. where:关系副词,用来引导修饰地点的定语从句。

例如:This is the school where I study.4. when:关系副词,用来引导修饰时间的定语从句。

例如:That was the day when we met for the first time.5. why:关系副词,用来引导修饰原因的定语从句。

例如:I don't understand the reason why he left so suddenly.以上是关系代词和关系副词的基本用法,需要根据具体的语境来选择适当的关联词。

初中·定语从句详细讲解

初中·定语从句详细讲解

定语从句定语从句是一个重点语法项目,而且也是各种考试中考查的重点,要牢固掌握好关系代词和关系副词的基本用法及特殊用法,并且学会利用相关知识来作出判断,准确解答相关试题。

知识详单何为定语从句:在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。

定语从句的作用相当于形容词,用来修饰主句中的某一名词、代词或整个主句。

先行词:被定语从句修饰的词,定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。

关系词:在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。

关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。

知识点1关系词知识点2关系代词的用法知识点3关系副词的用法知识点4定语从句的注意事项考点突破考点1 考察关系代词的用法1.(哈尔滨中考)Everyone has his aim in life. However, you can't get fat on one mouthful. Start with the easiest thing______ you can controlA. whoB. thatC. which【解析】选B。

先行词thing是物,且由最高级修饰,关系代词用that,2.(绥化中考) The story book_________ you lent me is very interesting.A. whichB. itC. what【解析】选A。

先行词为The story book,指物,关系词which在从句中作lent的宾语。

故选A,3.(龙东中考)Shirley is the girl_______ taught me how to use We-chat(微信).A. whomB. whichC. who【解析】选C, the girl作先行词,表示人,关系词在从句中作主语,故关系代词用who, 4.(咸宁中考)-Have you seen the documentary named A Bite of China(舌尖上的中国))?-Yeah! It's the most funny one__________ I have ever seen.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. where[解析]选A。

定语从句知识点总结详细

定语从句知识点总结详细

定语从句知识点总结详细一、定语从句的概念定语从句是一种对名词起修饰或限制作用的从句,它通常由关系词引导,用来进一步说明先行词的情况、属性或特征。

在句子中充当形容词,对名词进行修饰。

二、定语从句的用法1. 修饰名词定语从句通常用来修饰名词,对名词进行进一步的解释或者描述。

例如:The book that you recommended is very interesting.(你推荐的那本书非常有趣。

)2. 限制名词定语从句还可以作为限制性定语从句,用来对名词进行限定。

例如:I want to buy the pen which is on the table.(我想买桌子上的那支笔。

)三、定语从句的结构定语从句通常由关系代词或者关系副词引导,加上从句。

关系代词包括that, which, who, whom, whose等,关系副词有when, where, why等。

从句的结构可以是主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等。

1. 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句通常用来修饰人或物,其结构如下:that(指人或物)which(指物)who(指人)whom(指人)whose(表所有关系)2. 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句通常用来修饰时间、地点、原因等,其结构如下:when(指时间)where(指地点)why(指原因)四、定语从句的关键词1. thatthat通常用来指代人或物,可以用来引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,常用于口语和书面语中。

例如:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。

)2. whichwhich通常用来指代物,可以用来引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,常用于口语和书面语中。

例如:I like the dress which you are wearing.(我喜欢你穿的那条裙子。

定语从句初学讲解(共48页).ppt

定语从句初学讲解(共48页).ppt
注:引导词在定语从句中作主语,不可省略。
判断下列句子中的定语从句、先行词和引导词。
1.This is the book that you bought for me.
先行词 引导词
2.This is the house which sells $ 300.
先行词 引导词
3.The pen which you lent me was very nice.
定语从句
定语从句
1. 定语从句及其相关概念; 2. 关系代词引导的定语从句; 3. 注意事项。
一、定语从句及相关概念
a clever boy two pens
判断划线 的词作什么成分
a girl student
定语:可以由形容词、代词、数量词、名词、副词、不定代词、 介词短语等来担任。
如果是一个句子担任定语,那么这个 句子就 是定语从句。
Those who _a_r_e_ (be)talking are my parents.
定语从句的辨认与使用
思考步骤:
(1)找出先行词
a.确定关系代词的人称、数和性
b.确定从句位置(一般在先行词之后)
(2)确定关系代词在从句中所担任的成分 以确定关系代词的格
(3)确定从句时态
Do you know the boy
4.He arrived at the bus stop.
合并成一个句子
The bus stop is on the left of our school.
The bus stop (_w_h_ic_h_/_th_a_t) he arrived at is on the left of our school.
3.I’ll never forget the days.

认识定语从句

认识定语从句
3. That is the student who comes from Qingmuchuan.
who
that
4. This is Mr. Feng who teaches physics well. that 5. The baby who he looks after is his brother.
I am not a beautiful girl.
形容词 作定语 He is the man who wants to see you. 定语从句
He is the man who wants to see you. 先行词: 被定语从句修饰的名词、代词。 关系词:引导定语从句的词。
高考中,关系词的正确选择,是一个高频 考点。常在完形填空,语法填空等题中出 现。
that
which 7. The school _________we study in was built in 2009.
1. I am looking forward to the day ________ my daughter
can read this book and know my feelings for her. (2014 湖南) 2. Among the many dangers______ sailors have to face , probably the greatest of all is fog. (2014江西卷) 3. A company ______profits from home markets are declining may se ek opportunities abroad. (2014山东卷) 4.We‘ll reach the sales targets in a month_____ we set at the beginning of the year. (2014重庆卷 ) 5. Students should involve themselves in community activities _________ they can gain experience for growth . (2014福建 卷) 1. when 2. which 3. whose 4. which 5. where

定语从句基础知识

定语从句基础知识

定语从句基础知识定语从句基础知识定语从句就是在复合句里充当定语的从句,它通常紧靠在所修饰的名词或代词后面。

下面是店铺为大家收集整理的定语从句基础知识相关内容,欢迎阅读。

■有关定语从句的概念(1)定语从句:就是在复合句里充当定语的从句,它通常紧靠在所修饰的名词或代词后面。

(2)先行词:就是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。

(3)关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

关系词有关系代词who, whom, whose, which和that等;关系副词有when, where, why等。

关系词不仅起连接作用,而且还代表先行词并在定语从句中担任某一句子成分,关系代词作主语、宾语、定语、表语等,关系副词作状语。

如:This is the book that my father bought me yesterday. 这就是我父亲昨天帮我买的那本书。

说明:句中修饰thebook的thatmy father bought me yesterday就是定语从句;被定语从句所修饰的the book这是先行词;代表the book的关系代词that在定语从句中作bought的直接宾语。

The time when he arrives is not known. 他到达的时间还不知道。

说明:句中whenhe arrives是定语从句,被定语从句修饰的the time是先行词,关系副词when作时间状语。

■关系代词的一般用法先行词是人,在从句中作主语用who,作宾语用whom或who,作定语用whose;先行词是物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语都用which,作定语用of which或whose均可。

在限制性定语从句中which, who, whom都可用that代替。

关系代词作宾语时常被省略。

This is the man who helped me yesterday. 这就是昨天帮助我的那个人。

(作主语)The teacher (who/whom/that) you want to see is coming. 你要见的老师来了。

定语从句详解--初级入门篇

定语从句详解--初级入门篇

• 6 ---Do you like the red car in Tianjin?
is made
• ----Sure, it looks terrific.
• A. where B. who C. which D. when
• 7 I left my wedding ring in the restaurant ______I usually eat.
• A. where B. when C. which D. what
• 11 The panda is a kind of animal can be found only in China.
• A. who B. whose C. which D. where
• 12 ____have finished the work can leave. • A. Those who B. Any one • C. The one who D. which
• A. / B. why
he bought yesterday is C. when D. what
• 21 I’m a football fan. I’m interested in everything is about the 2006 World Cup.
• A. who B. that C. where D. when
you
are looking for.
• A. whose B. what C. who D. which
• 19 Rosa likes music gentle.
is quiet and
• A. when B. that C. where D. who
• 20 The book very interesting.

定语从句基础知识讲义.docx

定语从句基础知识讲义.docx

定语从句基础知识讲义I •定语从句基本知识点基本概念:①在复合句屮修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

定语从句在句屮的作用相当于一个形容词,因此也叫形容词性从句。

②先行词:定语从句所修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。

它与定语从句的位置关系为:先行词+定语从句。

③引导定语从句的词叫关系词或是引导词。

关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种。

关系代词和关系副词在句小起引导定语从句的作用,同时乂在定语从句中担任主语,宾语,表语,定语和状语等成分。

常川的关系代词:who, whom, whose, that, which , as .常用的关系副词:when, where, why .④分类:定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。

限制性定语从句:在此类从句中,先行词代表一个、一些或一类特定的人或事物,这种定语从句已和被修饰词构成了一个完整的意思,定语从句不能拿掉,否则剩下的主句将失去意义而不能成立。

基本用法A.关系代词的用法(1)先行词是人1.作主语who, thate.g. The girl who/ that is standing under the tree is my sister.2.作宾语(who, whom, that)e.g. The girl (who/ whom/ (hat )he is talking to is my siste匚3.作定语whosee.g. The girl whose hair is red is my siste匚(2)先行词是物1.作主语which / thate.g. The book which/ that is on the tabic is mine.2.作宾语(which/ that)e.g. The book (which / that) you bought yesterday is good.3.作定语whosee.g. The book whose cover is blue is mine.B.在定语从句中如介词提前,关系代词用法如下:先行词是人介词+ whome.g. The girl to whom he is speaking is my sister.The girl _______ h e is speaking to is my sister.先行词是物介词+ whiche.g. The room in which he used to live is very big.C.关系代词as的用法Das也可作关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句,指整个主句的概念,常译为“正如”之意,在句中作主语,宾语或表语。

高中英语学习:认识定语从句

高中英语学习:认识定语从句
在定语从句中,指代“人”的关系词要用。前面说过,关系词既具有
的作用又起着的作用,因此,上句可改写
2)
由此看到,这里的关系可who既取代了代词she也取代了连词and,也即who既具
有代词的用也起着连接的作用。
另外,定语从句一般要紧跟在它所修饰的名词后面。因此上句又可进一步改写成
3)
精品译文:这位女士是一名著名的舞蹈演员,她就住在我家隔壁。
对于这两个例句,我们比较分析如下
两种定语
例句
比较
形容词作定语
I don’t like lazy people.
作定语要置于被修饰名词
完整的句子作定语
I don’t like people who never keep their word.
修饰名词要置于被修饰名词
1.2定语从句的两个重要概念:先行词和关系词
幸福与智慧区别于此:认为自己是最幸福的,他真的就最幸福;而认为自己是最有智慧的,他却往往是最大的傻瓜。
关系词用作从句中动词的宾语
关系词除了像上面讨论的在定语从句中作主语外,还可以在从句中作宾语。
同样,先来看两个简单句如何合并为一个含有定语从句的句子。
1)I’d really like to find a friend and I can trust him completely.
I’m talking about friendswho you can share almost everything with.
二、关系词在定语从句中充当的成分
关系词必须在定语从句中充当某种成分,比如主语、宾语或表语等等。
关系词用作从句的主语
我们先来比较简单句和定语从句,看看一个简单句如何变成定语从句。

定语从句知识

定语从句知识

定语从句知识定语从句是英语语法中的一种从句,用于修饰名词或代词,表示其特征或属性。

以下是定语从句的一些关键知识点:1. 定义:一个定语从句是一个完整的句子,用来描述名词或代词的特性和属性。

2. 关系词:关系词在定语从句中起到关键作用。

最常见的两种关系词是“that”和“which”,分别表示:- that:可以修饰人或物,既可以代表事物也可以代表人,既可指代某个、某些特定物,也可泛指任何物,在从句中充当主语或宾语。

- which:通常用来修饰某个特定的物,也可以指代某个范围之内的事物。

在从句中充当主语或宾语。

3. 限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句:- 限定性定语从句:这种从句对所修饰的名词有明确的限定意义,不能省略,否则句子的意义就不完整。

- 非限定性定语从句:这种从句对所修饰的名词没有明确的限定意义,可以省略,不会影响句子的主要意思。

4. 位置:定语从句通常紧跟在所修饰的名词之后,但有时为了强调也可以放在句首。

5. 翻译:在中文中,定语从句通常被翻译为“...的...”,例如“the b ook that I read”(我读的那本书)。

6. 注意点:- 在使用“that”或“which”作为关系词时,要确保它们在从句中充当的是主语或宾语,而不是状语。

否则,应该使用其他的关系副词如“when”、“where”或“why”。

- 在非限定性定语从句中,如果关系词在从句中充当的是主语或宾语,应该使用“which”而不是“that”。

- 在某些情况下,定语从句中的关系词可以省略。

例如,当关系词在从句中充当宾语且该宾语被前置时,可以省略关系词。

以上是关于定语从句的一些基本知识。

如果需要更多深入的解释或例子,建议查阅语法书籍或请教英语教师。

初识定语从句

初识定语从句

定语从句的概念及相关术语
修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定 语从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先 , 行词后面。 引导定语从句的关联词是关系词。 引导定语从句的关系词有that, that, whose等; which, who, whom, whose
含定语从句的复合句
汉译之道
走向探索
China is a great country that/which has a long history
Let me tell you
The roots of studies are bitter, but t he fruit is sweet. You have confidence in yourselves to finish the task, don’t you? Now let’s start right away.
实战检测:体验成功的快乐
汉译下列含定语从句的复合句。
1.Who is the man that has white hair? 2.Confucius 2.Confucius was a great thinker whose wise sayings have influenced many people in different countries. 3.According to Darcy, he who can share interest with others is easier to make new friends. 4.When you want to buy some clothes, you'd better first think about the clothes that/which you really need. 5.Mrs King felt worried about her son because he took the wrong medicine that/which was for cold. 6.They can take a packed lunch with them, which usually includes cold food like sanwiches. 7.This is a beautiful skirt that/which is made of real silk.

认识定语从句

认识定语从句

定语从句(I)---认识定语从句一、定语从句概述定语从句的概念: 在复合句中修饰主句中某一名词、代词或名词短语的从句,叫做定语从句。

1.1形容词作定语与从句作定语比较I don’t like lazy people. 我不喜欢懒人。

I don' like people who never keep their word. 我不喜欢不守信用的人。

对于这两个例句,我们比较分析如下1.2定语从句的两个重要概念:先行词和关系词一、先行词被定语从句所修饰的对象称为先行词。

二,关系词重复指代先行词、起连接主句和从句的作用,并且在定语从句中充当一定成分的连接词称为关系词。

关系词有两个作用1. 代词的作用:重复指代先行词并且在定语从句中充当一定成分2.连接作用:即连接主句和从句【思维训练1】请找出下列短文中的定语从句,并指明先行词和关系词Passage 1:Chris: Do you have a date for the party yet?Kim: Actually, I don’t. Do you think you could help me find one?Chris: Hmm. What kind of guys do you like?Kim: Oh, I like guys who aren’t too serious and who have a good sense of humo r. Youknow....... like you.Chris: OK. What else?Kim: Well, I'd prefer someone who I have something in common with ---who I can t alkto easily.Chris: I think I know just the guy for you. Bob Branson. Do you know him?Kim: No, I don't think so.Chris: Let me arrange for you to meet him, and you can tell me what you think.Passage 2:Friendship is a very difficult thing. It is hard to handle. It creates many different probl ems. In fact I would say thatfriendship is as hard to handle as love is, or even marriage, Ofcourse I am not talking about easy-come-easy-go friendship. I’m talking about friend swho care deeply about each other, who support each other, who make life worth livin g.I’m talking about friends who you can share almost everything with.二、关系词在定语从句中充当的成分关系词必须在定语从句中充当某种成分,比如主语、宾语或表语等等。

定语从句详解--初级入门篇

定语从句详解--初级入门篇

先行词 关系词
关系代词
定语从句 关系副词 where, when, why
which, who, whom, whose, that
二、用法:
关系代词:
who whom
whose
先 行 词 是 人
These are the students who / that won the first place last year.

• •

• • •
3 ---Barbara, where do you work? ---I work for a company sells cars. A. which B. where C. what D. who 4 ---Do you know Jack? ---Yes. He’s the college student _____ got married in college. A. who B. which C. what D. whom


• •
13 The reason got up too late. A. that B. why
I was late was that I
C. when
D. how
14 ---Is the girl is interviewing the manager of that company your friend? ---Yes, she is a journalist from CCTV. A. whom B. which C. who D. whose
• 找: • I bought the computer in 2005.—which • 合: • We use the computer which/that/不填 I bought in 2005.
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作业:
翻译 1.我见到的那个姑娘叫我今天再来。 2.这是我所知道的最好的旅馆. 3.认识他的人都喜欢他. 4.这是我出生的村子。 5.这是我们现在唯一能做的事。 6.我借来的那辆自行车是Tony的。 7.对不起,我们没有你要的那件外套。 8.我想要一个坚硬的东西。
初识定语从句
By W.Y
什么是定语从句? 什么是定语从句?
• 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
• 先行词 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放 先行词:被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 先行词,
在先行词的后面。 在先行词的后面。
• 关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词 关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词 关系词.
刚刚和你说话的人是李先生。
(2)介词若与从句中的动词词组有关,可前置于关系代词前,也可置于动词后,但 介词若与从句中的动词词组有关,可前置于关系代词前,也可置于动词后, 介词若与从句中的动词词组有关 若此介词与动词为固定词组,则此介词一般不前置。 若此介词与动词为固定词组,则此介词一般不前置。 Yesterday we paid a visit to the house in which Lu Xun lived. =Yesterday we paid a visit to the house which Lu Xun lived in. 昨天,我们参观了鲁迅的故居。 那就是我正在找的那支钢笔。 This is the very pen that I'm look for. (look for为固定词组,则介词for不可前置。) This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。
(3)that 作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。 The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。
重点
关系词只能用that的情况:
a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时, 只能用that,而不用which. He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。 b. 先行词为all、any、 much、many、 everything、anything、none、the one等不定代 词时,只能用that,而不用which. (如果是指代人的不定代词,依然可以用who) Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗? c.先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等词修饰时,只能用 that,而不用which. This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。 d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that, 而不用which. I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. 我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
A 6. My watch is not the only thing ______ is missing. A. that B. it C. which D. who B 7. The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate A. who’s B. whose C. that D. of which. 8. The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister. C A. which; is B. whom; was C. who; is D. who; are really friendly. A. that B. which C. where D. who
e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that. Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁? f.主句是there be 结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which. There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
关系词只能用which,而不用that 的情况: a.先行词为that, those时,用which, 而不用that. What’s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么? b.关系代词前有介词时,一般用which,而不用that. This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。 c.引导非限制性定语从句,用which, 而不用that. Tom came back, which made us happy. 汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。
3. who, whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,在从句中 用于指人, 用作主语, 用作宾语。 , 用于指人 用作宾语 在口语中, 作宾语时有时可用who代替 作宾语时有时可用 代替whom,也可省略。 ,也可省略。 代替 The girl who often helps me with my English is from England. 经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语,不能省略) Who is the teacher (whom / who) Li Ming is talking to? 正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语,可以省略) 也就是说,关系代词在从句中作宾语时,可以省略 注意: (1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who, that, which可省略,但 介词在关系代词前时,关系代词不可省略,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。 This is the house (which) we lived in last year. =This is the house in which we lived last year. The person (whom) you just talked to is Mr. Li. = The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li. 这是我们去年居住的房子。
I like music that I can dance to.
先行词 关系词 定语从句
These are the books which you ordered.
先行词 关系词
关系代词 ( that, which, who, whom, whose)
关系词
关系副词 ( where, when, why) 关系代词
that which who whom whose
在从句中作 作主语或宾语 作主语或宾语
作主语(非正式问题中也作宾语)
指代 指人指物
指物(可与that互换) 指人(可与that互换)
是who的宾格,作宾语
是who的所有格,作后面名词的定语
指人 指人或指物
关系代词及例句
1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,在从句中作主 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语, 语时不可省略,在从句中作宾语可省略 作宾语可省略。 语时不可省略,在从句中作宾语可省略 Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。 (that作主语,不能省略) The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。 (that作宾语,可以省略) 2. which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,在从句中作主语或宾语,在从句中作主语 用于指物, 用于指物 在句中作主语或宾语,在从句中作主语或宾语, 时不可省略,在从句中作宾语可省略 作宾语可省略。 时不可省略,在从句中作宾语可省略 The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket. 位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语,不能省略) The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语,可以省略)
关系副词的用法
(1)when指时间,其先行词表示时间,在句中作时间状语。 This was the time when he arrived. 这是他到达的时间。 (2)where指地点,其先行词表示地点,在句中作地点状语。 This is the place where he works. 这是他工作的地点。 (3)why 指原因,其先行词是原因,起原因状语作用。 Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
1. -Do you know the man ______is talking with your father? B -Yes, he’s our headmaster. A. he B. who C. which D. whom C 2. This is the best hotel in the city _____I know. A. where B. which C. that D. it A 3. Can you lend me the dictionary ______the other day? A. that you bought B. you bought it C. that you bought it D. which you bought it C 4. Anyone ______with what I said may put up you hands. A. which agrees B. who agree C. who agrees D. which agree
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