高考英语专题讲座(二)动词时态和语态

3, The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, A visiting a museum when the earthquake struck. ____ （2004 北京） A. was B. were C. had been D. would be
二、一般过去时：
1，表示过去某时间发生的事、存在的状态或过去反复
发生的动作。
eg: After graduation, he first __________ worked as a driver and then
started _______a company.
2，表示过去经常发生的动作。
eg: I used to have a cup of tea after supper two years ago.
4, --Hi, Tracy, you look tired. (全国1998, 24) C the living room all day. --I am tired. I _____
A. painted
B. had painted
C. have been painting D. have painted
8, ---Why do you look so unhappy, Mike? B in the woods. ---I ____ my nice watch when I ____
A. had lost; would play B.have lost; was playing
C. was losing; played D. lost; was playing
1：表经常性或者是习惯性的动作；表示现在的状态、 特征和真理。 eg: John studies very hard, he usually gets up at 5 every day.
2,、用在时间状语从句和条件状从句中，即：“主将
（来时）从现（现在时）”。 eg: If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting.
A. hangs B. has hung
C. is hanging
D. hung
2, --What’s that terrible noise?
B for a party.(2004北京) --The neighbors ____
A. have prepared C. prepare B. are preparing D. will prepare
高考英语专题讲座
（二）动词的时态和 语态
声明：这是从人大附中网校下载 并整理的作品。谨表示感谢。
动词的时态
时 式 一般 进行 完成 完成进行
现在 过去 将来
一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 现在完成进行时 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成进行时 一般将来时 将来进行时 将来完成时 将来完成进行时
Homework:
1、 The violin will have to be tuned before it
C for some 5, The news came as no surprise to me. I_____
time that the factory was going to shut down .（2003北京）
A. had known B. knew C. have known D. know 6, --How long _____ at this job? B --Since 1990.（ 2003北京春季） A. were you employed B. have you been employed
B office soon. _____
A. leaves B. would leave C. left d. had left
重点时态讲解： 动词时态与语态:
1）进行时（现在；过去；将来；完成；） 2）完成时（现在；过去；将来） 3）语态：主动和被动（ 4）特点： 现在进行时：强调说话时在进行的动作 过去进行时：强调过去某个动作发生时、或某一时刻正在进行的
3，有时表示按计划、规定要发生的动作，但限于少数 动词，如： begin, come, leave, go, arrive等。 eg: The train leaves at seven this afternoon.
** --Can I help you, sir? （全国96，20）
--Yes, I bought this radio here yesterday, but it D _____. A. didn’t work C. can’t work B. won’t work D. doesn’t work
过去将来 过去将来时 过去将来进 过去将来完 过去将来完成进
行时
成时
行时
教学大纲要求的常用的8种时态：
一般
现在 过去 将来
进行
完成
完成进行
一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 现在完成进行时 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成进行时 一般将来时 将来进行时 将来完成时 将来完成进行时
过去将来 过去将来时 过去将来进 过去将来完 过去将来完成进
A. we’re going to fly flying C. we’ll fly
B. we’ll be
D. we’re to fly
分析：该题的空白处谓语部分含着几种时
态呢？是否是既有将来时还有进行时？
2、（2004年北京，27）The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics ______ by 2006. C A. has been completed B. has completed
C.had you been employed D. will you be employed
7, --What did you say? C to me. --So you ____ A. won’t listen C. didn’t listen B. weren’t listening D. haven’t listened
行时 成时 行时
高考考点相对“超纲”的现象是近几
年高考的命题“倾向”，比如：
2003年北京，22题考查了将来进行时； 2004年北京，27题考查了将来完成时的被 动语态; 2004年北京, 25题考查了现在完成 进行时。
1、（2003北京，22）At this time tomorrow
B ______ over the Atlantic.
动作。
进行时：常表达喜怒哀乐，生动、具体动作 现在完成时：强调过去动作对现在的影响 强调动作、状态从过去延续到现在 过去完成时：强调过去的过去
完成进行时：强调从过去一直进行或持续到现在的动作。
have/ has +been + v+ing 将来进行时：强调将来某时或某段时间正在进行的动作。 will / shall + be + v+ing
3, The boy is to go to school tomorrow.
4, She is coming soon. ** --Is Mary back? C --No, she ______ back until next Saturday. A. will be B. isn’t C. won’t be D. hasn’t been
将来完成时：强调在将来某时刻之前完成的动作或存在 的状态。常和终止性动词连用。如：finish; stop; complete; work out 等。
will/shall + have + ved
Examples:
1, --Is this raincoat yours?(1997全国)
C there behind the door. --No, mine ____
C. will have been completed D. will have completed
分析：此题暗含的时态有几种？从语态说是属于主 动还是被动？能看出标志词吗？
3、(2004北京, 25) Now that she is out of job,
B going back to school, but she hasn’t Lucy ____
9, --Don’t go there, it’s too dangerous！ D --______. A. Yes, I won’t B. No, I weren’t
C. No, I can’t
D. No, I won’t
10, --What is Li Ming going to do? A --He’ll be an English teacher by the time he____ twenty. A. is B. will be C. is going to be D. has been
A quite catch it. ** --Your phone number again? I _____
--It’s 62513180.（全国95，12）
A. didn’t B. couldn’t C. don’t D. can’t
三、一般将来时：
一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态。 eg: 1, He will be 20 years old next month. 2, We are going to have a meeting this evening.
decided yet. A. had considered B. has been considering C. considered D. is going to consider
分析：原句中用了什么时态？空白处的时态应该 是属于与现在、过于还是将来有关呢？
时态讲解： 一、一般现在时的基本用法：
四、过去将来时：
过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间或动作看将来要 发生的动作或存在的状态。 eg: 1, They were sure that they would succeed.
2, I thought you were going to Beijing today.
**We were all surprised when he made it clear that he
11, --Sorry, I forgot to post the letter for you.
D it myself. --Never mind. I _____ A. post
C. is posting
B. am going to post
D. will post
Hale Waihona Puke B with milk and sugar. 12, In some parts of the world, tea ____ A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served 13, --You are good at skating. D since I was five years old. --I should be. I _____ A. skated C. had skated B. was skating D. have been skating
15, --What is wrong with your uncle?
A while he _____ his bike and hurt himself. --He ____ A. fell; was riding C. had fallen; rode B. falls; is riding D. was falling; was riding
14, --Oh, it’s you ! I A _____ you. --I’ve just had my hair cut, and I am wearing new glasses. A. didn’t recognize C. haven’t recognized B. hadn’t recognized D. don’t recognize