初中英语语法全解——被动语态
初中被动语态语法讲解知识讲解
初中被动语态语法讲解初中被动语态语法讲解(一) 语态分类英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
如：They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。
(二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。
不同时态的被动语态，列表如下：一般现在时：am / is / are + done一般过去时：was / were + done一般将来时：shall / will + be done一般过去将来时：should / would + be done现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done过去进行时：was / were + being + done现在完成时：have / has + been + done过去完成时：had + been + done将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态1. 一般现在时：(1)People grow rice in the south of the country.Rice is grown in the south of the country.(2)The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.2. 一般过去时：(1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.(2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily.His lessons were not easily forgotten3. 一般将来时：(1)They will send cars abroad by sea.Cars will be sent abroad by sea.(2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers.Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.4. 过去将来时：(1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year.The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year.(2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible.5. 现在进行时：(1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons.English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.(2) We are painting the rooms.The rooms are being painted.6. 过去进行时：(1)The workers were mending the road.The road was being mended.(2)This time last year we were planting trees here.Trees were being planted here this time last year.7. 现在完成时：(1)Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.(2)He has brought his book here.His book has been brought here.8. 过去完成时：(1)When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets.When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.(2) People had considered him to be a great leader.He had been considered to be a great leader(四）含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。
初中中的被动语态用法详解
初中中的被动语态用法详解被动语态是英语中一个常用的语法结构，包含了及物动词的被动形式。
初中阶段，学生们需要逐渐掌握被动语态的用法。
本文将详细介绍初中中的被动语态用法。
一、被动语态的基本构成被动语态的基本构成由be动词的适当形式+过去分词构成。
be动词的形式根据句子的时态和主语的人称而定。
过去分词则根据动词的一般过去时的变化规则。
例如：- The car is repaired.（句子时态：一般现在时）- The car was repaired.（句子时态：一般过去时）- The car will be repaired.（句子时态：一般将来时）二、被动语态的用法1. 没有明确的执行者在被动语态中，我们强调动作的接受者而非执行者。
有时，在句子中并没有明确指出执行动作的人或事物。
例如：- The window was broken.（窗户被打破了。
）- The book will be published next month.（这本书将在下个月出版。
）2. 隐藏执行者在某些情况下，句子中刻意隐藏了动作的执行者。
例如：- The cake was eaten.（蛋糕被吃了。
）3. 顺序执行之动作被动语态常用于描述一系列按照一定顺序执行的动作。
例如：- The eggs are washed, peeled, and then boiled.（鸡蛋洗净、剥皮，然后煮熟。
）4. 惯用表达被动语态在某些固定的表达方式中也得到了广泛使用。
例如：- The decision was made.（决定已经做出。
）- The question was answered.（问题已经回答。
）三、主动语态与被动语态的转换在主动语态与被动语态之间进行转换时，需注意以下几点：1. 意义的改变：动作的焦点转移到了接受者身上，原主语成为了新的宾语；2. 动词形式的变化：be动词的形式和动词的过去分词形式相关；3. 语态的时态保持一致：主动语态的时态与被动语态的时态保持一致。
初中英语知识归点纳总结——被动语态
初中英语知识归纳总结——被动语态被动语态（一）教学重点被动语态在英语中，须通过动词的某种形式来表明句子的主语是动作的执行者还是动作的承受者，前一种句子是主动句，后一种是被动句。
英语的动词有两种语态形式，即主动语态和被动语态。
如果主语是动作是执行者，谓语动词用主动语态。
如果主语是动作的对象，谓语动词用被动语态。
如：They build this school.They school is built by them.1、被动语态的构成“助动词+（及物动词的）过去分词”构成动词被动语态的形式。
助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为系动词的变化完全一样。
如：This kind of TV set is made in Guangzhou.（一般现在时）The thief was arrested.（一般过去时）A new road is being built outside my house.（现在进行时）The man was being questioned by the police.（过去进行时）Your wallet has been found.（现在完成时）By the time we got there. The work had been finished.（过去完成时）My sister would be taken care of by grandma.（过去将来时）Your watch will be repaired.（一般将来时）教学难点：在英语里，有一些动词是不及物动词，后面不能跟宾语，所以没有被动语态。
以下动词只有主动语态，没有被动语态。
appear, die, happen, fall, arrive.2、五种时态的被动语态举例①一般现在时A lot of books are kept in our school library.Radio is used in everyday life.②一般过去时A thief was caught last night.They were asked to speak at the meeting.③现在进行时A new library is being put up in their school now.The watch is being repaired.④一般将来时The class meeting will be held next Saturday afternoon.The thieves will be arrested.⑤现在完成时My bag has been stolen.Many stamps have been collected by me since last year.3、主动语态变被动语态①主动结构的宾语变为被动结构的主语。
初中英语语法——被动语态用法总结归纳
初中英语语法——被动语态用法总结归纳被动语态是英语语法中的重要部分，学好被动语态的用法可以帮助学生更准确地理解和使用英语。
下面是被动语态用法的详细总结归纳。
1.被动语态的构成：被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成，根据时态的不同，助动词be的形式也会发生变化。
如：- 一般现在时：am/is/are + 过去分词- 一般过去时：was/were + 过去分词- 一般将来时：will be + 过去分词- 现在进行时：am/is/are being + 过去分词- 过去进行时：was/were being + 过去分词- 现在完成时：have/has been + 过去分词- 过去完成时：had been + 过去分词2.被动语态的用法：被动语态用来强调动作的承受者（主语）而不是执行者，并且常用于以下情景：2.1当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者时。
例如：The cake was eaten.（蛋糕被吃了。
）2.2当动作的执行者已知，但我们要强调动作的承受者时。
例如：The house was built by my grandfather.（这座房子是我爷爷建的。
）2.3当我们要避免使用第一人称或第二人称时。
例如：Mistakes were made.（犯了错误。
）3.被动语态的注意事项：在使用被动语态时，需要注意以下几点：3.1表示动作的动词要用过去分词形式。
过去分词的形式有规律变化和不规律变化两种。
如：- 规律变化：原形 + ed，例如：played, watched, called- 不规律变化：需要记忆，例如：born, written, eaten3.2被动句的主语是动作的承受者，通常出现在句子的前面。
如：- 主动语态：I cooked dinner.（我做了晚饭。
）- 被动语态：Dinner was cooked by me.（晚饭是我做的。
）3.3 不及物动词不能构成被动语态。
不及物动词没有宾语，因此不能强调动作的承受者。
初中英语语法被动语态
动词的语态
1．英语中动词有两种语态： 主动语态表示主语是谓语动词的执行者。 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。例如：A talk on science will be given in our school next Monday.下周一在我们学校将会有一场关于科学的演讲。
B. will finish
C. will be finished D. would finish
过去将来时态：would + be+过去分词
6、The old scientist said that he ______ to visit their country
before long .
A. invited
B. had invited
C. was inviting D. would be invited
现在完成时态：have/has + been +过去分词
7、With the help of the Hope Project, more and more new schools _____
in the poor area.
在被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者，主要用于下列几种情况 中：
(1)不知道动作的执行者是谁。 This watch is made in China.这块手表是在中国制造的。 (2)没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。 More trees must be planted every year.每年都应该种更多 的树。
6 过去进行时 was/were+现在分词
was/were+being+过去分词
7 现在完成时 8 过去完成时 9 含情态动词
初中英语语法被动语态的讲解
初中被动语态全解主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
一．被动语态的时态：be +动词的过去分词1.一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态：was /were +动词的过去分词3.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词语态表示主语和谓语的关系。
语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态，如：We speak Chinese in China.在中国我们说汉语;如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态,如：Chinese is spoken by us in China.在中国汉语被我们说。
A.一般现在时的被动语态结构： is /am/are +及物动词的过去分词+其它+by sb.1．Football （play） all over the world。
2．Many trees （plant） in North China.3．Rice （grow） in South China.4．A camera （use） for taking photos5．I often （ask）to do this work.B.一般过去时的被动语态结构：was /were+及物动词的过去分词＋其它+by sb.1.The house （build） in 1978.2．All the students ____________ (ask) to bring a kite with them last Sunday3．The car (clean) by Dad yesterday.4．I （tell）to wait for him right here.5. When the present （give）to him by his mother？C.含有情态动词的被动语态结构：情态动词can / may / must / should + be + 及物动词的过去分词+其它+by sb.1. Chocolate may (send) to him as a present.Computers should （look）after well.3. Can this kind of machine （mend）by Uncle Wang?4. No stars can （see） in the day-time by us.5. Must the old people ____________ (speak) to politely?一选择题()1.The letter is _______ in French.I can't read it.A. writingB. written B. wrote D. writes()2.Today,too many trees are still _____ in the world.A.cutting downB.cut downC.being cut downD.cutted down()3.English _____ in many countries,A.is spoken,B.speaks,C.is spean,D.speak,()4.This kind of apple ______ in Jinzhou.A.is grownB.growC.grewD.are grown()5. Don't worry.All the children ________ by the nurse.A. are well taken care ofB. take good care ofC.are taken good careD. take good care ()6. These young trees must ______ after well.A.lookB.looks afterC.be lookedD.looked()10.Keys are used for _____ doors.A.lockB.lockedC.lockingD.locks()11.The greenhouse(温室) should be _____ glass.A.made ofB.made fromC.made intoD.made in()12.Sorry, all the vegetables ______. Please come tomorrow.A.sells wellB.have sold outC.have been sold outD.are selling()13.The man is badly hurt. He _____ to the hospital.A.has sentB.has been sentC.sentD.has sent for()14.A big cinema ______ in our town next year.A.will buildB.is builtC.will be builtD.has built()15.This book _____ by a famous writer many years ago.A. writesB. is writtenC. was writenD. was written()16.In China the money ______ to children for good luck by their parents or other senior in Spring FestivalA.givesB.is givenC.are givenD.give。
初中被动语态知识点归纳与总结
初中被动语态知识点归纳与总结初中被动语态知识点归纳与总结一、被动语态的定义和构成被动语态是英语中的一种语态，表示主语是动作的承受者。
其构成为“be+过去分词”，其中“be”的形式根据时态不同而有所变化。
例如：- 现在时：am/is/are + 过去分词- 过去时：was/were + 过去分词- 现在完成时：have/has been + 过去分词- 过去完成时：had been + 过去分词二、被动语态的用法1. 强调动作的承受者而不是执行者。
例如：- The cake was made by my mom.（蛋糕是我妈做的。
）2. 当执行者不确定或无需明确时。
例如：- The window was broken.（窗户破了。
）3. 当执行者已知但无需强调时。
例如：- The book was written by Mark Twain.（这本书是马克·吐温写的。
）4. 在科学、新闻报道等中常用被动语态。
例如：- The new drug has been tested on animals.（这种新药已经在动物身上进行了测试。
）三、被动语态与主动语态的转换1. 主动变被动：将主语改为宾语，动词变为过去分词，加上适当的助动词。
例如：- 主动：My mom made the cake.（我妈做了蛋糕。
）- 被动：The cake was made by my mom.（蛋糕是我妈做的。
）2. 被动变主动：将宾语改为主语，去掉助动词，将过去分词变为一般现在时。
例如：- 被动：The cake was made by my mom.（蛋糕是我妈做的。
）- 主动：My mom makes the cake.（我妈做蛋糕。
）四、被动语态的注意事项1. 被动语态只能用于及物动词。
例如：- 正确：The book was read by me.（这本书被我读了。
）- 错误：I was slept last night.（昨晚我被睡觉了。
初中英语知识点归纳被动语态
初中英语知识点归纳被动语态被动语态是英语语法中的重要知识点，在学习英语过程中我们经常会遇到被动语态的使用。
被动语态的结构是由"be"动词（am，is，are，was，were，has been，have been，had been，will be，shall be等）加上过去分词构成的。
被动语态在句子中的主语是动作的承受者，强调的是动作的接受者，同时被动语态也是表示客观事实或者普遍规律的常用语态。
下面是对初中英语中常用的被动语态用法进行归纳总结：1. 一般现在时被动语态：由am/is/are + 过去分词构成。
例如：The cake is made by my mom.（这个蛋糕是我妈妈做的。
）2. 一般过去时被动语态：由was/were + 过去分词构成。
例如：The letter was written by Tom.（这封信是汤姆写的。
）3. 一般将来时被动语态：由will be/shall be + 过去分词构成。
例如：The house will be cleaned by the maid tomorrow.（这个房子明天将由女仆来打扫。
）4. 现在进行时被动语态：由am/is/are being + 过去分词构成。
例如：The book is being read by Lucy.（这本书正在被露西阅读。
）5. 过去进行时被动语态：由was/were being + 过去分词构成。
例如：The car was being repaired by the mechanic when I arrived.（当我到达时，这辆车正在被修理工修理。
）6. 情态动词被动语态：由情态动词（can，could，may，might，must，should，would等）+ be + 过去分词构成。
例如：The film can be watched online.（这部电影可以在线观看。
(完整)初中英语被动语态讲解
初中英语被动语态解说英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的履行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的蒙受者。
一、被动语态的组成英语动词的被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词组成。
助动词be一定与主语的人称和数目保持一致，态的变化。
比如：The man was fooled by the two boys.The book has been translated into several languages.二、被动语态的用法（ 1）动作的履行者不知道是谁或难以说明经常用被动语态。
比如：并有时Street lights are often turned on at six in winter.The new test book will be used next term.（ 2）当动作的蒙受者比起动作的履行者来说更能惹起人们的关怀而需要加以重申时，要用被动语态。
比如：This kind of bicycle is not sold in our shop.The thief was caught by a policeman yesterday.（ 3）含有双宾语的句子，主动句中的间接宾语或许直接宾语都可变为被动语态中的一个主语，另一个保存不变。
变为主语的假如主动句中的直接宾语在变为间接宾语前则需加介词to 或 for。
比如： The pianist gave the pupils( 间接宾语 )some advice(直接宾语 )→The pupils were given some advice by the pianist. → Some advice was given to the pupils by the pianist.(4)在主动语态句中动词make、have、let、see、watch 、hear、feel 等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式不加to。
被动语态全解
被动语态全解语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。
一．被动语态的时态：1.一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态：was /were +动词的过去分词3.一般将来时的被动语态：will be +动词的过去分词4.现在进行时的被动语态：am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词5.现在完成时的被动语态：have /has +been +动词的过去分词6.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词二．被动语态的基本用法:(1) 需要强调动作的承受者时The Great Wall is enjoyed by millions of people all over the world English is widely spoken in the world now.(2) 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时Mr. Wang is invited to the meeting today .The problem is dealt with now .(3) 当说话人需要强调客观时It is said that she was a beauty when she was young .三．主动主动语态变被动语态的变法：口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done ,时不变，数格必须随被变。
注：1.主动、被动的时态要一致。
2.主动、被动的句式要一致。
3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。
语态转换不被动语态的步骤1, 把原主动句中的宾语转换为被动语态的主语2, 把动词改为被动语态形式即e+过去分词。
3, 原来主动语态句子中的主语,如果需要就放在by的后面以它的宾格形式出现(因为by是介词,后面需跟宾格作介词的宾语。
)以指明做事的人或物,如果没有必要,可以省略。
中考初中英语语法——被动语态
中考初中英语语法——被动语态初中英语语法——被动语态(1)被动语态定义：被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,用来说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
如果主语是 动作的执行者(即某人做某事),便叫主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做),便叫被动语态。
主动与被动的区别不是词序的区别,而是主语与谓语意义上的区别。
在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的形式。
(2)英语中被动语态由“助动词be +动词的过去分词”构成。
助动词be 有时态、人称和数的变化。
被动语态后的by 短语有时可省去。
具体结构见下表：[(1) 被动语态的用法：① 不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态,省略by 短语。
如：A man was killed in the accident.(一个人死于事故)/ This window was broken yesterday .(这扇窗子是昨天被打破的)②不说或者众所周知是谁做时,用被动语态,省略by 短语。
如：Rice is also grown in this place.(这个地方也种水稻)/ A railroad will be built here in three years .(三年之后这里将要修建一条铁路)③强调动作的承受者,句尾加by 短语。
如：It was written by Lu Xun.(它(书)是鲁迅写的)/ A pet dog is never killed by its owner .(宠物狗是不会被主人宰杀的)(2) 主动语态如何改写为被动语态：((3) 注意点：①“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”改为被动时,可以用间接宾语做被动句的主语。
如：His teacher gave him a dictionary.→He was given a dictionary by his teacher.(老师给他一本字典→他得到老师一本字典)也可以用直接宾语做被动句的主语,但是需用to或者for引出原句的间接宾语。
初三英语语法知识点被动语态
初三英语语法知识点：被动语态英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态主动语态(The Active Voice)表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态(The Passive Voice)表示主语是动作的承受者。
构成：承受者+助动词be+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者一般现在时：承受者+助动词am / is/are +及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者一般过去时：承受者+助动词was / were +及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者承受者+助动词shall / will be+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者承受者+助动词 have/ has been+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者承受者+ can /may/must/should +be+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者被动语态用法：1)当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁，或者没有必要指出动作的执行者时，需用被动语态。
2)当我们需要强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态。
3)如果需要说出动作的执行者, 用by引导出动作的执行者。
主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。
主动语态变为被动语态时有以下几种情况：1)主语+谓语动词+宾语将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
(主动)We bought a book yesterday.(被动)The book was bought yesterday.2)主语+谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语将主动语态中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语。
多数情况下将间接宾语变为主语。
如果直接宾语变为主语时，间接宾语前要加介词to / for。
(主动)He showed me a book yesterday.(被动)I was showed a book yesterday.(被动)The book was showed to me yesterday.3)主语+谓语动词+复合宾语含有一个由宾语加宾语补足语构成的复合宾语，变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，宾语补足语保留不变，成为主语补足语。
初三知识点总结被动语态
初三知识点总结被动语态被动语态是英语语法中的一种重要形式，它用于强调动作的接受者而不是执行者。
在初三学年，学生已经学习了被动语态的基本概念和用法。
本文将对初三学生在学习被动语态过程中需要掌握的知识进行总结。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成。
根据时态的不同，be的形式会发生变化。
1. 现在时态的被动语态：am/is/are + 过去分词例如：Active: Tom eats an apple.Passive: An apple is eaten by Tom.2. 过去时态的被动语态：was/were + 过去分词例如：Active: Lisa wrote a letter.Passive: A letter was written by Lisa.3. 将来时态的被动语态：will be + 过去分词例如：Active: They will build a new hospital.Passive: A new hospital will be built by them.二、主动语态和被动语态的转换在学习被动语态时，初三学生需要学会主动语态和被动语态的相互转换。
具体转换规则如下：1. 直接宾语转换：将主动语态中的直接宾语变为被动语态中的主语。
例如：Active: They eat apples.Passive: Apples are eaten by them.2. 双宾语转换：将主动语态中的间接宾语变为被动语态中的主语，直接宾语变为介词by短语。
例如：Active: He gave me a book.Passive: I was given a book by him.3. 无宾语动词转换：将主动语态中的无宾语动词转换为被动语态时，需加上介词by和动词的进行时态。
例如：Active: They swim in the pool.Passive: The pool is being swum in by them.三、被动语态的用法被动语态在英语中有多种用途，以下是初三学生应掌握的主要用法：1. 主动语态的被动表达：当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者时，可以使用被动语态。
初中语法被动语态讲解
初中语法被动语态讲解被动语态定义:英语中有两重语态:主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态中的主语是动作的执行者，被动语态中的主语是动作的承受者，即主动语态中的宾语。
所以只有及物动词才有被动语态。
规则:被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
第一，助动词be 要随着人称和数的变化而变化，第二，助动词be要随着时态的变化而变化。
一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为:1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2) was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.3) shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.4) am/is /are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here(5) was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there.6) should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.7) has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready tostart.8) had been done 过去完成时例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed inBeijing.9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)例The project will have been completed before July.2(被动语态句型变化肯定句主语+be+过去分词+(by …)否定句主语+be not+过去分词+(by …)一般疑问句 Be+主语+过去分词+(by …)?特殊疑问句疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+ (by …),3. 被动语态的特殊形式1) 带情态动词的被动结构。
(完整版)初中被动语态讲解及练习
被动语态一、概念：语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。
语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态。
二、主动句变为被动句的步骤：1.把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语2.把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。
3.原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。
4.其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。
三、被动语态的用法：1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词We clean our classroom every day.My mother asks me to study hard.2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词A new shop was built last year.3. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词This book has been translated into many languages.Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词A new hospital will be built in our city.Many more trees will be planted next year.5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词Young trees must be watered often. Your mistakes should be corrected right now.The door may be locked inside.Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.6. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词7. 不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词There are two books to be read.There are twenty more trees to be planted.3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上to 。
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初中英语语法全解——被动语态一、被动语态的概念与结构1.概念语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明句子主语和谓语动词之间的关系。
主动语态表示主语动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
I always use the same shampoo.2.结构①一般现在时的被动语态一般现在时的被动语态由“am/is/are+过去分词”构成。
”其句式如下：②一般过去时的被动语态一般过去时的被动语态由“was/were+过去分词”构成。
其句式如下：When was tea brought to Korea?③一般将来时的被动语态一般将来时的被动语态由“shall/will be+过去分词”或“am/is/are going to be+过去分词”构成。
其句式如下：A new road will be built next year.④现在进行时的被动语态现在进行时的被动语态由“am/is/are being+过去分词”构成。
其句式如下：A new chemistry lab is being built in our school.⑤现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态由“have/has been+过去分词”构成，其句式如下：Many business have been forced to close.⑥过去完成时的被动语态过去完成时的被动语态由“had be en+过去分词”构成。
其句式如下：By the time people realized that the story was a hoax, all of the spaghetii across the country had been sold out.⑦过去进行时的被动语态过去进行时的被动语态由“was/were being+过去分词”构成。
其句式如下：The visitors were being shown around the city at that moment.⑧过去将来时的被动语态过去将来时的被动语态由“should/would be+过去分词”或“was/were going to be+过去分词”构成。
其句式如下：He said the work would be done by November.⑨含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成，其句式如下：Do you think teenagers should be encouraged to make their own decisions.二、被动语态的用法1.不清楚动作的执行者时当不清楚动作的执行者时，应用被动语态。
The glass was broken yesterday.Our school was set up in 1951.2.强调动作的承受者时当要强调动作的承受者时，应用被动语态。
The sick girl is being taken good care of.3.不必指出动作的执行者时当不必指出动作的执行者时，应用被动语态。
The machine is made in China.4.句法结构需要当动作的执行者有较长的修饰语时，需要用被动语态。
The plan was supported by those who lives far away from the factory.三、主动语态与被动语态的转换主动句转换为被动句时，被动句的时态要与主动句时一样，但be动词的人称和数要根据被动句的主语来确定。
（1）基本句式“主语+谓语+宾语”的转换主动句变为被动句的方法一般分为三个步骤：1.将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语；2.将谓语动词由主动形式改为被动形式“be+过去分词”；3.将主动句的主语改为被动句中介词by的宾语（by短语有时可以省去）Many trees are planted by us every year.（2）句式“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”的转换含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，有两种方式：①可将间接宾语变为被动结构的主语，直接宾语不变。
My grandma gave me a present yesterday.I was given a present（by my grandma）yesterday.②也可以将直接宾语变为被动结构的主语，这时，应在间接宾语前加介词to或for。
My father bought me a new computer.A new computer was bought for me（by my father）.（3）句式“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”的转换含有宾语补足语的主动句变为被动句时，可将其宾语变为被动结构的主语，宾语补足语留在原处作为主语的补足语。
The man painted the door green yesterday.The door was painted green yesterday.（4）含有短语动词的句式的转换含有短语动词的主动句变为被动句时，不能把动词与介词或副词分开，也不能遗漏动词后的介词和副词。
I can take good care of the dog.The dog can be taken good care of（by me）.（5）祈使句的转换祈使句转变为被动句时，用“Let+宾语+be+过去分词”句式;否定祈使句变为被动句时，用“Don’t let+宾语+be+过去分词”句式。
Keep the book on the desk.Let the book be kept on the desk.四、被动语态的注意事项1.by短语的运用①by短语的位置by短语一般放在被动句的谓语动词之后。
The music was written by Abing.Which things have to be done by governments and organizations?②by短语的省略在被动句中，当不知道动作的执行者、不想说出动作的执行者或动作的执行者是泛指时，常省略by短语。
Today, sky lanterns are used at festival and other celebrations.2.主动语态不能变为被动语态的情况①宾语是反身代词或相互代词的句子，不能变为被动语态。
The child can dress himself.②用表示状态的动词，如have,fail,fit,suit,last等作谓语的句子，不能变为被动语态。
I have a new bike.The trousers fit me well.③用动词leave,enter,join等作谓语的句子，不能变为被动语态。
His friends left Beijing by train yesterday.④宾语是动词不定式或动名词的句子，不能变为被动语态。
She’d always wanted to go to Thailand.⑤谓语动词与宾语组成的是一个不可分割的整体句子，不能变为被动语态。
Finally his parents made a decision to send him to a boys’ boarding school.⑥不及物动词、不及物性质的短语动词或连系动词作谓语的句子，不能变为被动语态。
When she woke up, the sun was rising.3.主动形式表被动意义的情况①连系动词如smell,taste,feel,sound,prove等，可以用主动形式表示被动意义。
This soup tastes great.②表示主语特征、状态的动词如wash,write,sell,read,open,cut,shut,keep,lock,clean等，可以用主动形式表示被动意义。
The kind of cloth washes well.③表示开始、结束类的动词如start,begin,open,close,finish,stop,end等，可以用主动形式表示被动意义。
Classes begin at half past eight.④在表示“需要”意义的need,want,require等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
This desk needs repairing（=to be repaired）.⑤形容词worth后动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。
These books are worth reading.⑥某些不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
（1）当easy,hard,difficult,nice,fit,important,impossible等形容词后跟不定式，该形容词说明不定式的特征，不定式与句子主语虽有逻辑上的被动关系，但仍然用主动形式表示被动意义。
The question is easy to answer.（2）不定时做定语，与被修饰的词有逻辑上的被动关系，同时又与句子中的另一名词或代词有逻辑上的主动关系时，不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
I have a lot of work to do today.（3）在“疑问词+不定式”结构中，不定式与疑问词之间存在被动关系，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
We don’t know what to do next.4.被动语态与系表结构的区别①被动语态表示动作，而系表结构表示状态或情况。
The shop is closed at six.②被动语态可以用于进行时，而系表结构多用于一般现在时货一般过去时。
The bridge is being painted.③被动语态可以由介词by引出动作的执行者，而系表结构常跟其他介词。
I was interested by the story.④系表结构可以用very,so,quite,too,rather,more,most等词修饰，而被动语态可以用greatly,widely等词修饰。
I was not so satisfied with what you did.⑤谓语动词带有时间、地点或方式状语时，多半是被动语态。
The window was broken yesterday.⑥被动语态常由“be+过去分词”构成，而系表结构除了用be之外，还可以用其他连系动词。
He became interested in English.例题解析( )1. ---I want to borrow the book, but I don’t know how long it may ________.---For two weeks.A.borrowB. be borrowedC. keepD. be kept解析：主语it指书，与谓语动词“借”是被动关系，应用被动语态；how long表示一段时间，不能与终止性动词连用，故选D。