职称英语卫生类C级模拟63
职称英语考试卫生类(C类)试题及答案
职称英语考试卫生类(C类)试题及答案6Happy Therapy (诊疗)Norman Cousins was a businessman from the United States who often traveled around the world on business. He enjoyed his work and traveling.Then, after returning to tile United States from a busy and tiring trip to Russia, Mr. Cousins got sick. Because he had pushed his body to the limit of its strength on the trip, a chemical change began to take place inside him. The material between his bones became weak.In less than one week after his return, he could not stand. Every move that he made was painful. He was not able to sleep at night.The doctors told Mr. Cousins that they did not know how to cure his problems and he might never get over the illness. Mr. Cousins, however, refused to give up hope.Mr. Cousins thought that unhappy thoughts were causing bad chemical changes in his body. He did not want to take medicine to cure himself. Instead, he felt that happy thoughts or laughter might cure his illness.He began to experiment on himself while still in the hospital by watching funny shows on television. Mr. Cousins quickly found that ten minutes of real laughter during the day gave him two hours of pain-free sleep at night.Deciding that the doctors could not help him, Mr. Cousins left the hospital and checked into a hotel room where he could continue his experiments with laughter. For eight days, Mr. Cousins rested in the hotel room watching funny shows on television, reading funny books, and sleeping whenever he felt tired. Within three weeks, he felt well enough to take a vacation to Puerto Rico where he began running on the beach forexercise.After a few months, Mr. Cousins returned to work He had laughed himself back to health.41 Mr. Cousins got sick after returning fromA a tiring trip to Russia.B a busy trip to the US.C a trip around the world.D a trip to Puerto Rico.42 How did the doctors respond to Mr. Cousins~ illness?A They promised to cure him.B They didn’t think he was really sick.C They said they were unable to help him in any way.D They told him not to give up hope.43 Mr. Cousins attributed the bad chemical changes in his body toA a severe illness.B unhappy thoughts.C weak bones,D too much sleep.44 What didn’t Mr. Cousins do in his experiments with laughter?A Watch funny TV shows.B Read funny books.C Take medicine.D Sleep whenever he felt tired.45 Mr. Cousins cured his own illnessA by laughing at others.B by acting in funny shows.C by writing funny stories.D by taking a happy therapy.。
2020年职称英语卫生类C级模拟试题及答案(6)
2020年职称英语卫生类C级模拟试题及答案（6）第3篇：Some things we know about languageMany things about language are a mystery, and many will always remain SO．But somethings we do know．First，we know that all human beings have a language of some sort．There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language，no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one mother．Furthermore，in historical times，there has never been a race of men withouta language．Second，there is no such thing as a primitive language．There are many people whosecultures are undeveloped，who are，as we say，uncivilized, but the languages they speak are not primitive．In all known1anguages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing．This has not always been well understood；indeed, thedirect contrary has often been stated．Popular ideas of the1anguage of the American Indians will illustrate．Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a veryprimitive system of noises．Study has proved this to be nonsense．There are，or were，hundreds of American Indian languages，and a11 of them turn out to be very complicatedand very old. They are certainly different from the languagesthat most of us are familiar with，but they are no more primitive five than English and Greek．A third thing we know about language is that alllanguages are perfectly adequate．That is, each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language．Finally, we know that language changes．It is natural and normal for language to change；the only languages which do not change are the dead ones．This is easy to understand if we look backward in time．Change goes on in all aspects of language．Grammatical features change as do speech sounds，and changes invocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rapidly．Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language．词汇：race／n．种族primitive／adj．原始的uncivilized／adj．不开化的，落后的complexity／n．复杂性，复杂现象nonsense／n．胡说，没有根据的话extensive／adj．广泛的vocabulary／n．词汇练习：1． In the second paragraph the author thinks thatA)some backward race doesn’t have a language of its own．B)some rac e in history didn’t possess a language of its own．C)any human race，whether backward or not，has a language．D)some races on earth call communicate without language．2． According to the author, people of undevelopedcultures can have___ languages.A)complicatedB)uncivilizedC)primitiveD)well—known3．The author has used American Indian languages as an example to show that they areA)just as old as some well-known languages．B)just as sophisticated as some well-known languages．C)more developed than some well-known languages．D)more complex than some well-known languages．4. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A)A language is a means of expressing a particular culture．B)All languages can well express their respective cultures．。
职称英语考试卫生C级模拟试题及答案(二)
职称英语考试卫生C级模拟试题及答案(二)一、单选题(词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分) 。
下面共有l5个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
)1、第一部分：词汇选择(第1-15题，每题1分，共15分)下面共有15句子，每个句子均有一个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的四个选项中选择一个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Ihate his adopting an air of importance when he is talked to.A) adaptingB)assumingC) effectingD)breathing标准答案： b2、Smoking is banned in school.A) permittedB)admittedC) forbiddenD)prevented标准答案： c3、We have made an effort to boost participation in the program.A) attemptB)promptC) energyD)source标准答案： a4、He is said to be very prominent in the field of medicine.A) grandB)outstandingC) splendidD)brilliant标准答案： b5、It was so dark that I could hardly see.A) barelyB)rarelyC) nearlyD)almost标准答案： a6、It is in the right for one to do what he likes which doesn’t do any harm to others’ interest.A) sensitiveB) comfortableC) relativeD) reasonable标准答案： d7、The desk was a chaos of papers and unopened letters.A) pileB) messC) chainD)mass标准答案： b8、Can you mend the hole in my shirt?A) repairB) findC)despairD)compare标准答案： a9、The secretary is very careful and never overlooks any little points.A) missesB)examiningC) noticingD)jumping标准答案： a10、It is so precious a picture that it is kept in a sealed box.A) beautifulB)primaryC) attractiveD)valuable标准答案： d11、So far the project has been carried out smoothly.A) with effortB)with difficultyC) without difficultyD)without effort标准答案： c12、Bad food is a source of illness.A) resourceB)originC) reasonD)step标准答案： b13、I hope you can submit you term papers before the deadline.A) hand inB)hand outC) hand onD)hand back标准答案： a14、The new evidence backed up my argument.A) supportedB)reportedC) transportedD)suspected标准答案： a15、The part-time job really takes up most of my spare time.A) transfersB)occursC) occupiesD)spends标准答案： c二、匹配题16、第二部分：阅读判断(每题1分，共七分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了七个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。
职称英语考试卫生类C级模拟套题
职称英语考试卫生类C级模拟套题职称英语考试卫生类C级模拟套题2017对于应对英语考试，考生平时积累的词汇量很重要，以下店铺整理的职称英语考试卫生类C级模拟套题，希望对大家练习有所帮助，更多信息请关注应届毕业生网!第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分) 面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择l个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
1. Please put up your hands if you have any questions.A. raiseB. reachC. waveD. fold2. Man cannot exist without water.A. expandB. riseC. liveD. quit3. Jean has made up her mind not to go to the meeting.A. triedB. promisedC. decidedD. attempted4. This reminds me of lots of things.A. muchB. someC. bigD. many5. She will be very pleased to meet you.A. angryB. happyC. sadD. unwilling6. Have you talked to her lately?A. lastlyB. finallyC. shortlyD. recently7. While we don't agree, we continue to be friends.A. WhoeverB. WhereC. AlthoughD. Whatever8. Enormous sums of money have been spent on space ex 31oration.A. MuchB. LargeC. SmallD. Fixed9. About one million Americans are diagnosed, annually wi h skin cancer.A, every yearB. severelyC. activelyD. every month10. The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the acOident.A. secretsB. detailsC. benefitsD. words11. I had some difficulty in carrying out the plan.A. makingB. keepingC. changingD. implementing12. Mr. Johnson evidently regarded this as a great joke.A. readilyB. casuallyC. obviouslyD. simply13. We all think that Mary's husband is a very boring person.A. shyB. stupidC. dullD. selfish14. The workers in that factory manufacture furniture.A. promoteB. paintC. produceD. polish15. They only have a limited amount of time to get their points.A. largeB. totalC. smallD. similar第2部分：阅读判断(第l6～22题，每题l分，共7分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。
职称英语考试模拟试题卫生类C级(一)
职称英语考试模拟试题卫生类C级(一)第一部分：词汇选择（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）下面共有15句子，每个句子均有一个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的四个选项中选择一个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
1． A new system of quality control was brought in to overcome the defects in the firm’s products.A) invested B) introduced C) installed D) insisted2. The old concerns lose importance and some of them vanish altogether.A) develop B) disappearC) link D) renew3. There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a previous record of performance.A) beats B)matchesC) maintains D)announces4. The government is debating the education laws.A) discussing B) defeating C) delaying D) declining5. They had a far better yield than any other farm miles away around this year.A) goods B) soilC) climate D) harvest6. The city has decided to do away with all the old buildings in its center.A) get rid of B) set upC) repair D) paint7．During the past ten years there have been dramatic changes in the international situation.A) permanent B) powerfulC) striking D) practical8． It is out of the question that the inspector will come tomorrow.A) impossible B) possible C) probable D) likely9．Techniques to employ the energy of the sun are being developed.A) convert B) store C) use D) receive10． Since the Great Depression, the United States government has protected farmers from damaging drops in grain prices.A) slight B) surprising C) sudden D) harmful11． Cement was seldom used in building the Middle Ages.A) crudely B) rarely C) originally D)occasionally12． Medicine depends on other fields for basic information, particularly some of their specialized branches.A) conventionally B) obviously C) especially D) inevitably13．We were astonished to hear that their football team had won the champion.A) amazed B) amounted C) amused D) approached14． There is an abundant supply of cheap labor in this country.A) a steady B) a plentiful C) an extra D) a stable15． The most crucial problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources.A)puzzling B) difficult C) terrifying D) urgent第二部分：阅读判断（每题1分，共七分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了七个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。
职称英语考试卫生C备考模拟试题套题
职称英语考试卫生C备考模拟试题套题更多精彩内容请及时____应届毕业生考试网!一、词汇选项：1. Lack of space forbids further treatment of the topic here.A. receivesB. deservesC. preventsD. accepts2. His knowledge of French is fair.A. quite goodB. very usefulC. very limitedD. rather special3. The new service helped boost pre-tax profits by 10%.A. returnB. increaseC. realizeD. double4. He made a number of rude remarks about the food.A. mentsB. signsC. mannersD. noises5. Take some spare clothes in case you get wet.A. fineB. winterC. outdoorD. extra6. Afterwards there was just a feeling of let-down.A. disappointmentB. excitementC. angerD. calm7. The book raised a storm of controversy.A. damageB. voiceC. argumentD. doubt8. The worst agonies of the war were now beginning.A. partsB. painsC. aspectsD. results9. My principal concern is to get the job done fast.A. seriousB. deepC. mainD. particular10. They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present system.A. proveB. considerC. imagineD. discover11. Some ments are just inviting trouble.A. keeping out ofB. getting intoC. asking forD. suffering from12. I’m sure I’ll be able to amuse myself for a few hours.A. treatB. holdC. entertainD. keep13. Several windows had been smashed.A. brokenB. cleanedC. replacedD. fixed14. The AIDS convention will be held in Glasgow.A. partyB. celebrationC. unionD. conference15. His heart gave a sudden leap when he saw her.A. jumpB. hopeC. silenceD. life二、阅读判断：Some Schooling on BackpacksAccording to the U.S. Consumer Product Safety mission. 5,900 kids were treated at hospital emergency rooms, clinics, and doctors’ offices last year for sprains (扭伤) and strains caused by backpacks. Such injuries are so widespread that more than 70 percent of physicians surveyed by the American of Orthopedic (整形外科的') Surgeons listed backpacks as a potential clinical problem for children.Backpacks with wheels let you pull the weight along the ground, but they have problems too. Many are larger than the average shoulder bag, so students are tempted to carry more than they would in a conventional pack.Roller bags often don’t fit into a locker. They can also lead to tripping and falls in crowded halls. Whatever you use. 10 or 15 minutes of stretching and back strengthening is a good idea.16. About six thousand American kids were injured by carrying backpacks last year.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned17. 70 percent of UK physicians have treated children with sprains and strains.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned18. Backpacks with wide, padded straps and a belt can help to avoid problems of sprains and strains.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned19. A 100-pound child should carry a backpack of more than 20 pounds.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned20. Children should put all the books in their locker.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentionedA. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned22. A 10-15 minutes’ exercise will help you beara heavier backpack.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned三、概括大意与完成句子：Eye problems1. Our eyes are under a great deal of stain these days as puter work. Television viewing ,night driving,and even sunshine are making exceptional demands Sunlight. Especially in the summer,is now regarded as one cause of cataracts(白内障)2. The thinning of the ozone (臭氧) tayer means more short-wave ultraviolel(UV) rays(紫外线)are reaching the earth. And these are the biggest risk factor for clouding the lens of the eye. Ultraviolet rays increase the risk of changes to the cornea (角膜)causing clouded vision and eventuallycataracts .The rays can be shielded only by anti-UV tense. However our eyes are not sufficiently protected by fashion sunglasses.3. “poor night vision and eye fatigue are noticeably more mon and there has been a big merease in minof eye plaints in the over-40s” says Dr.Mirelle Bon. Who took part in recent research. She says that six muscles controlling each eye move more than 100.000 times a day and that everyone should learn to exercise their eye muscles and allow them to rest4. It was traditionally thought that near-or far-sightedness were inherited conditions and could not be influenced by enviro____ental factors ,but new research is challenging this assumption5. Recent student suggest that up to 80 percent of schoolchildren in the United Staes and western Europe are nearsighted. Years of focusing on close. Two-dimensional work causes most children to bee at least slightly nearsighted by the age of 10 say the researcher most children to bee at least slightly nearsighted by the age of 10 say the researchers.6. Problems with night vision, which affect around 25 percent of people are also on the increase because of puter use. Using puter screens means the eye mus’ operate in electromagic fields (电磁场)that make it work hard it is estimated that 25 to 30 percent of people have eye conditions, such as difficulty with night vision,which result from staring at a screen A,the development of poor night visionB,the grealest threat to the eyesC,the function of sunglassesD,the reason for children’s nearsightednessE,the effects of puter on the eyesF,the ways to reduce eye plaints23 paragragh 2___B___24 paragragh 3___A__25 paragragh 5___D___26 paragragh 6___E___27 Sunligh in the summer is believed to be one cause of ___B___28 We can wear anti-UV glasses to protect___D___29 we used to believe that near-or far-sightedness were inherited from___A___30 Over 25% of people are estimated to have difficulty with night vision due to___E___A.our parentB.clouded visionC.eye musclesD.our eyesE.puter useF.eye move四、阅读理解：第一篇：The Bilingual BrainWhen Karl Kim immigrated to the United States from Korea as a teenager, he had a hard time learning English. Now he speaks it fluently, and he had a unique opportunity to see how our brains adapt to a second language. As a graduate student, Kim worked in the lab of Joy Hirsch, a neuroscientist in New York. their work led to an important discovery. They found evidence that children and adults don't use the same parts of the brain when they learn a second language.The researchers used an instrument called an MRI ( magic resonance imaging) scanner to study the brains of two groups of bilingual people. One group consisted of those who had learned a second language as children..The other consisted of people who, like Kim, learned their second language later in life. People from both groups were placed inside the MRI scanner. This allowed Kim and Hirsch to see which parts of the brain were getting more blood and were more active. They asked people from both groups to think about whatthey had done the day before, first in one language and then the other. They couldn't speak out loud because any movement would disrupt the scanning.Kim and Hirsch looked specifically at two language centers in the brain - Broca's area, which is believed to control speech production, and Wernicke's area, which is thought to process meaning. Kim and Hirsch found that both groups of people used the same part of Wernicke's area no matter what language they were speaking. But their use of Broca's area was different.People who learned a second language as children used the same region in Broca's area for both their first and second languages. People who learned a second language later in life used a different part of Broca's area for their second language. How does Hirsch explain this difference? Hirsch believes that when language is first being programmed in young children, their brains may mix the sounds and structures of all languages in the same area. Oncethat programming is plete, the processing of a newlanguage must be taken over by a different part of the brain.A second possibility is simply that we may acquire languages differently as children than we do as adults. Hirsch thinks that mothers teach a baby to speak by using different methods involving touch, sound, and sight. And that is very different from learning a language in a high school or college class.31 Kart kim’s study showed thatA people learn English and Korean in different waysB Children and adults use the different parts of the brain to learn a second languageC it is not possible for an adult to speak a second language fluentlyD people’s brain will not change when they are learn second language32 How did Kim and Hirsch study the brain of two groups of blingual peopleA They interview them in English and KoreanB they ask them to say the same languageC They used an MRI scanner to observe their brainD They ask them to talk about what had they done before33 Which aspect of the two language centers in the brain does paragragh 3 discuss?A impactB functionC locationD size34 Kim and Hirsch find that childrenA Use the same region in Broca’s area to learn their first and second language.B Learn a second language slowei than aults.C are better at acquiring the brain to program the structures of their first languageD use special parts of the brain to program the structures of their first language35 It can be inferred from the last paragraghA Students do better in high school than in collegeB Bilingual children will learn better in collegeC mothers are good language teachersD it take more time for adults to learn a second language第二篇：Approaches to Understanding IntelligencesIt pays to be smart, but we are not all smart in the same way. You may be a talented musician, but you might not be a good reader. Each of us is different.Psychologists disagree about what is intelligence and what are talents or personal abilities. Psychologists have two different views on intelligence. Some believe there is one general intelligence. Others believe there are many different intelligences.Some psychologists say there is one type of intelligence that can be measured with IQ tests. These psychologists support their view with research that concludes that people who do well on one kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests. They dowell on tests using words, numbers or pictures. Theydo well on individual or group tests, and written ororal tests. Those who do poorly on one test, do the same on all tests.Studies of the brain show that there is a biological basis for general intelligence. The brains of intelligent people use less energy during problem solving. The brain waves of people with high intelligence show a quicker reaction. Some researchers conclude that differences in intelligence result from differences in the speed and effectiveness of information processing by the brain.Howard Gardner, a psychologist at the Harvard School of Education, has four children. He believes that all children are different and shouldn’t be tested by one intelligence test. Although Gardner believes general intelligence exists, he thinks that the human mind has different intelligences. These intelligences allow us to solve the kinds of problems we are presented with in life. Each of us hasdifferent abilities within these intelligences. Gardner believes that the purpose of school should be to encourage development of all of our intelligences.Gardner says that his theory is based on biology. For exle, when one part of the brain is injured, other parts of the brain still work. People who cannot talk because of brain damage can still sing. So, there is not just one intelligence to lose. Gardner has identified 8 different kinds of intelligence: linguistic, mathematical, spatial, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, body-kinesthetic (身体动觉的), and naturalistic.36. What is the main idea of this passage?A. How to understand intelligence.B. The importance of intelligence.C. The development of intelligence tests.D. How to bee intelligent.37. Which of the following statements is true concerning general intelligence?A. Most intelligent people do well on some intelligence tests.B. People doing well on one type of intelligence test do well on other tests.C. Intelligent people do not do well on group tests.D. Intelligent people do better on written tests than on oral tests.38. Gardner believes thatA. children have different intelligencesB. all children are alike.C. children should take one intelligence test.D. there is no general intelligence.39. According to Gardner, schools shouldA. promote development of all intelligences.B. test students’ IQs.C. train students who do poorly on tests.D. focus on finding the most intelligent students.40. Gardner thinks that his theory has aA. musical foundation.B. intrapersonal foundation.C. linguistic foundation.D. biological foundation.第三篇：Some Sleep Drugs Do More Than Make You SleepThe United States Food and Drug Administration has ordered panies to place strong new warnings onthirteen drugs that treat sleep disorders. It also ordered the makers of the sleeping pills to provide information for patients explaining how to safely use the drugs.Last Wednesday, the FDA announced that some of these drugs can have unexpected and dangerous effects. These include the risk of life-threatening allergic reactions. They also include rare incidents of strange behavior. These include people cooking food, eatingand even driving while asleep. The patients later had no memory of doing these activities while asleep.Last year, a member of the United States Congress2 said he had a. sleep-driving incident. Patrick Kennedy, a representative from Rhode Island3, crashed his car into a security barrier near the building where lawmakers meet. The accident happened in the 'middleof the night and no one was hurt. Mr. Kennedy said he had earlier taken a sleep medicine. He said he wasalso being treated with a stomach sickness drug that could cause sleepiness.The Food and Drug Administration did not say inits announcement how many cases of sleep-driving it had documented. However, the New York Times4 reported last year about people who said they had strange sleep events after taking the drug Ambien. Some reported sleep-driving and sleep-walking. Others said they found evidence after waking in the morning that they had cooked food or eaten in their sleep. But they had no memory of carrying out the activities.A Food and Drug Administration official says that these serious side effects of sleep disorder drugs appear to be rare. But, he also says there are probably more cases than are reported.3 He says the agency believes the risk of. such behaviors could be reduced if people take the drugs as directed and do not drink alcohol while taking the drugs. The Food and Drug Administration has advised drug panies to carry out studies to investigate the problem.41. The FDA announced thatA. thirteen drug panies were closed last Wednesday.B. only thirteen drugs could treat sleeping disorders.C. some sleep drugs could lead to serious side effects.D. some makes of sleeping pills provides false information to their patients.42. The FDA warned that some sleeping pillsA. can help people to learn to cookB. prevent people from driving while asleepC. present life-threatening risk to patientsD. have severe effect on a patient’s long-term memory43. What happened to Painck Kennedy last year?A. He crashed his car into a security barnerB. He was killed furing a car accidentC. His car broke down on the way homeD. He was treated for stomachache44. After taking the drug Ambien, some peopleA. are unable to dirveB. don’t know how to cookC. suffer from eating problemsD. fall asleep while walking45. The risk of strange behaviors resulting from taking sleeping pills could be reduced itA. the FDA takes more strict regulationsB. drug panies listen to patients’ adviceC. the New York Times releases more reportsD. people don’t drink alcohol while taking these pills五、补全短文：Do You Have a Sense of Humor?Humor and laughter are good for us. There is increasing evidence that they can heal us physically, mentally, emononally, and spirtualy. In fact every system of the body responds to laughter in some positive. Healing way, so how can we get more laughter into our lives?__46__.Psychologist and author. Steve Wilson ,has some answers.Many people believe that we are born with a sense humor. They think” either you’ve got it or youdon’t Dr. Wilson points out that this isfalse__47__”The parts of the brain and central nervous system that control laughing and smiling are mature at birth __48__.(After all when a baby laughs we don’t rush over and say that kid has a great sense of humor) A sense of humor is something that you can develop over a latetime.Sometimes people think that they don’t have a good sense of humor because they are not good joke tellers. Dr. Wilson remark us that telling jokes is only one of many ways to express humor __49__.Then we will make others laugh, too.A person who has a true sense of humor is willing and to see the funny side of everyday life. One of the best definitions of a sense of humor is the ability to see the nonserious element in a situation . Consider this sign from a store winoow. Any tautly merchandise will be cheerfully replaced with merchandise of a equal quality. The store manager probably placed the sign in the window to impress customers with thestore’s excellent service __50__.As Dr. Wilson says “good sense of humor means that you don’t’ have to be funny, you just to see what’s funny”A. What is true, however, is that we are born with the capacity to laugh and smileB. However that does not mean that infants have a sense of humorC. He advises us to lose our inhibitiors and try to laugh at ourselvesD. Is it possible to develop a sense of humor?E. Everyone experience this emotionF. He had a serious purpose but if you have a sense of humor ,you will probably find the sign funny 参考答案：46-50：DABCF六、完形填空：BedwettingThe fancy __53__ for bedwetting is nocturnal enuresis. Enuresis runs in families. This means that if you urinate, or pee, while you are __54__, there's a good __55__ that a close relative also did it when he or she was a kid. Just like you may have __56__your mom's blue eyes or your uncle's long legs, you probably inherited bedwetting, too.The most important thing to remember is that no one __57__ the bed on purpose. It doesn’t mean that you're __58__ or a slob, It's something you can't help __59__. For some reason, kids who wet the bed are not able to feel that their bladder is full and don't__60__ up to pee in the toilet. Sometimes a kid who wets the bed will have a realistic __61__ that he's in the bathroom peeing -- only to wake up later and discover he's all wet. Many kids who wet the bed are very __62__ sleepers. Trying to wake up someone who wets the bed is often like trying to wake a log - they just stay asleep.51. A. speak B. report C. tell D. ask52. A. lonely B. yourself C. one D. alone53. A. symbol B. sign C. name D. mark54. A. asleep B. unknown C. unaware D. sleepy55. A. function B. chance C. risk D. ability56. A. inherited B. made C. seen D. bought57. A. climbs B. wets C. cares D. fixes58. A. lazy B. untidy C. unclear D. stupid59. A. thinking B. doing C. working D. looking60. A. wake B. live C. set D. rise61. A. memory B. thought C. idea D. dream62. A. deep B. slow C. light D. clever63. A. bad B. sad C. poor D. dry64. A. about B. for C. over D. with。
职称英语等级考试试题、答案及题解卫生类(C级)试题(6)
职称英语等级考试试题、答案及题解卫生类(C级)试题(6)第一部分：阅读判断1．答案为A。
"certain"和"sure"都有"肯定"的意思，替换后句法上也是一个合格的句子。
2．答案为B。
"set up"和"establish"同义，都是"建立"的意思，可互换而不改变句子的意思。
3．答案为C。
"happen"和"occur"都有"发生"的意思，而且都是不及物动词，因此可替换。
4．答案为D。
"bear"是"能承受"的意思，与"endure"意思相同。
在该句子中，"endure"替换"bear"不改变原来的句子的意思。
5．答案为D。
"firm"和"company"都有"公司"的意思。
此处可用companies替换firms。
6．答案为C。
"survive"和"live"都表示"活下来，生存"的意思，可以替换，故选C。
7．答案为B。
"complete"与"finish"都是"完成"的意思，可互换，故选B。
8．答案为A。
"highly"和"very"都表示"程度非常高"的意思。
9．答案为B。
"hard"和"severe"都有"艰难"的意思，在这个意义上，"hard"可以替换"severe"而不改变句子的意义。
职称英语考试卫生C级模拟试题及答案(四)
职称英语考试卫生C级模拟试题及答案(四)一、单选题(词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分) 。
下面共有l5个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
)1、第一部分：词汇选项(第1-15题，每题1分，共15分)下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
I am not certain whether he will come.A sureB determinedC sorryD glad标准答案： a2、she seemed to have detected some anger in his voice.A heardB noticedC realizedD got标准答案： b3、Please do not hesitate to call me if I can be of further assistance.A seeB contactC helpD touch标准答案： b4、In short, I am going to live there myself.A In other wordsB That is to sayC To be frankD In a word标准答案： d5、He has trouble understanding that other people judge him by his social skills and conduct.A behaviorB styleC modeD attitude标准答案： a6、I had some difficulty in carrying out the plan.A makingB keepingC implementingD changing标准答案： c7、Mr. Johnson evidently regarded this as a great joke.A readilyB casuallyC simplyD obviously标准答案： d8、We all think that Mary’s husband is a very boring person.A shyB stupidC selfishD dull标准答案： d9、The workers in that factory manufacture furniture.A promoteB paintC polishD produce标准答案： d10、they only have a limited amount of time to get their points across.A largeB totalC similarD small标准答案： d11、The high-speed trains can have a major impact on travel preferences.A influenceB forceC surpriseD power标准答案： a12、can you follow the plot?A changeB investigateC understandD write标准答案： c13、Even in a highly modernized country, Manual work is a still needed.A mentalB physicalC naturalD hard标准答案： b14、In the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed.A judgementB resultC decisionD event标准答案： b15、Norman Blamey is an artist of deep convictions.A beliefsB statementsC suggestionsD claims标准答案： a二、匹配题()16、第二部分：阅读判断(第16—22题，每题1分，共7分)阅读下面这篇文章，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
2023年职称英语考试卫生类C级真题及答案
2023年全国职称英语考试卫生类（C级）真题及答案第1部分: 词汇选择（第1~15题, 每题1分, 共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语有下划线, 请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为靠近旳选项。
1.We've been through some rough times together.A.longB.shortC.happyD.difficult2.She gave up her job and started writing poetry.A.lostB.createdC.abandonedD.took3.Can you give a concrete example to support your idea?A.specialB.goodC.realD.specific4.In the process, the light energy converts to heat energy.A.changesB.dropsC.reducesD.leaves5.The police took fingerprints and identified the body.A.discoveredB.touchedC.recognizedD.missed6.If we leave now, we should miss the traffic.A.directB.mixC.stopD.avoid7.It was a fascinating painting, with clever use of color and light.A.familiarB.wonderfulrgeD.new8.I propose that we discuss this at the next meeting.A.suggestB.requestC.demandD.order9.The company has the right to end his employment at any time.A.offerB.continueC.stopD.provide10.I was shocked when I saw the size of the telephone bill.A.excitedB.angryC.lostD.surprised11.What are my chances of promotion if I stay here?A.retirementB.advertisementC.advancementD.replacement12.We're happy to report that business is booming this year.A.failingB.riskyC.openD.successful13.We're seen a marked shift in our approach to the social issues.A.quickB.regularC.greatD.clear14.The thief was finally captured two miles away from the village.A.foundB.killedC.jailedD.caught15.Rodman met with Tony to try and settle the dispute over his contract.A.solveB.avoidC.markD.involve第2部分: 阅读判断（第16～22题. 每题1分, 共7分）下面旳短文后列出了7个句子, 请根据短文旳内容对每个句子做出判断: 假如该句提供旳是对旳信息, 请选择A；假如该句提供旳是错误信息, 请选择B；假如该句旳信息文中没有提及, 请选择C。
全国职称英语等级考试(卫生类C级)模拟试题及详解(二)【圣才出品】
全国职称英语等级考试（卫生类C级）模拟试题及详解（二）第1部分：词汇选项（第l～15题，每题l分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定l个意义最为接近的选项。
1. But for the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.A. In spite ofB. Except forC. Because ofD. As for【答案】B【解析】句意：要不是英语考试，上个星期天我本应该去音乐会的。
but for意为“若非，要不是”，相当于without。
except for要不是由于；除了…之外。
二者意思相近，可以替换。
in spite of尽管；不管，不顾。
because of因为。
as for至于；就…而论。
2. On turning the corner, we saw the road coming down steeply.A. departingB. decreasingC. descendingD. depressing【答案】C【解析】句意：拐过街角，我们看到这条路急剧下降。
come down下来。
descend(走)下来；传下来。
二者意思相近，可以互换。
depart出发；起程。
decrease减少。
depress 压抑；使沮丧。
3. In judging our work you should take into consideration the fact that we havebeen very busy recently.A. thoughtB. mindC. accountD. memory【答案】C【解析】句意：在评判我们的工作时，你应该考虑这样一个事实，最近我们都很忙。
take into consideration和take into account意思相同，意为“考虑，顾及”。
20XX职称英语考试卫生类C级模拟试题及答案解析3.doc
2017职称英语考试卫生类C级模拟试题及答案解析3单选12. We're happy to report that business is booming this year.A. failingB. riskyC. openD. successful13. We're seen a marked shift in our approach to the social issues.A. quickB. regularC. greatD. clear14. The thief was finally captured two miles away from the village.A. foundB. killedC. jailedD. caught15. Rodman met with Tony to try and settle the dispute over his contract.A. solveB. avoidC. markD. involve参考答案：12．D [解析]booming意思是兴旺的，繁荣的。
如：Port construction and investment isbooming all over the country．港口建设和投资的热潮正在全国范围内兴起。
failing意为下降的；risky 意为冒险的，如：Doctors say the operation is too risky．医生表示这项手术风险太大。
open，开放的；successful，成功的。
在该句中，successful相对其他选项更为合适。
13．D [解析]marked意为显著的，明显的。
如：What is your most marked characteristic?你本身最显著的特点是什么?clear也是"清晰的、明显的"意思。
quick的意思是快速的；regular，定期的，整齐的；great，伟大的。
20XX职称英语考试卫生类C级模拟试题及答案解析4.doc
2017职称英语考试卫生类C级模拟试题及答案解析4Holding on to hope may not make patients happier as they deal with chronic illness or diseases, according to a new study by University of Michigan Health System researchers.The results showed that people do not adapt well to situations if they are believed to be shortterm. Ubel and his co-authors-both from U-M and Carnegie Mellon University-studied patients who had new colostomies: their colons were removed and they had to have bowel movements in a pouch that lies outside their body.At the time they received their colostomy, some patients were told that the colostomy was reversible-that they would undergo a second operation to reconnect their bowels after several months. Others were told that the colostomy was permanent and that they would never have normal bowel function again. The second group-the one without hope-reported being happier over the next six months than those with reversible colostomies.41 Chronically ill patients may be happier ________.A. if they keep thinking of their pastB. if they believe they'll recoverC. if they put off moving onD. if they manage to get on with their life42 What had happened to the patients under study?A. They had just survived an accident.B. They had just had an operation.C. They had just injured their colons.D. They had just made some pouches.43 One group of the patients was happier because ________.A. they made the best of their current situationB. they were good at playing functionC. they regarded normal bowel functionD. they were promised another operation44 The other group was not as happy because ________.A. they accepted their current situationB. they were anxious to get betterC. they missed their previous lifeD. they refused to play cards45 What could be the message of the passage?A. Giving up hope means giving up happiness.B. Letting go of hope is at times a better choice.C. Hope is what makes people move on.D. Hope frequently gets in the way of happiness.解析：41.D [解析]第二段的最后一句sometimes，if hope makes people put off getting on withtheir life，it can get in the way of happiness.有时候，如果希望使人们不能适应自己的生活，那么希望就会阻碍幸福。
职称英语测试卫生类C级模拟考题集合下
职称英语测试卫生类C级模拟考题集合下第二篇One of the Greatest Artists ----PicassoPablo Ruiz Picasso was the favorite child of his family. He was the only boy among a great many girl cousins. That was enough to make him important, but his father loved him especially, because he knew his son was going to be an artist. Pablo knew the word for pencil even before he could say Mamma and Papa. When he was small he spent hours by himself making pleasing little drawings of animals and people. If his mother sent him out to play in the square, he went on drawing in the dust under the trees. One of his favorite models was his younger sister, Lola.Don Jose Ruiz, Pablo’s father, was director of the museum at Malaga in southern Spain. He earned only a small salary, but there was not much work to do and he was able to practice his hobby, which was painting pigeons. Don Jose loved pigeons very much. He paintedthem dead or alive in ones and twos and in dozens. Sometimes he painted them on paper, cut them out and stuck them on to canvas, sometimes he stuck real feathers on to his pictures. He knew a great deal about the technique of painting and he taught it all to Pablo.Life in Malaga was very pleasant. In the hot sunshine, father and son would walk down to the beach to look at the boats on the shore or walk about the open markets. They made a strange pair. Don Jose was tall and thin, with red hair and beard, sad grey eyes and a fine set of whiskers. He was so shy and correct that he was nicknamed “the Englishman”. Pablo was quite the opposite. He had his mother’s small, strong build; he had straight black hair, and bright black eyes that noticed everything that was going on around him.36.What is the main topic of the passage?A.Pablo’s father and his influence on Pablo.B.Something about Pablo’s early life.C.Pablo’s natural ability for art.D.The difference between Pablo and his father.37.Pablo was particularly loved by his father becauseA.he showed an early talent of a painter.B.his father liked artists and also wanted Pablo to become one.C.he knew the word for pencil when he was small.D.he was the only boy among many girls in the family.38.Which of the following statements about Pablo’s father can be concluded from the passage?A.He loved his work in the museum although he earned only a small salary.B.He wanted his son to become a painter and to paint pigeons as well.C.He liked the painting technique and stuck real feathers on to his pictures.D.His interest in painting must have had great influence on his son.39.Pablo and Don Jose were “a strange pair” in the sense thatA.the father liked to walk about the town but the did not.B.the father liked to look at the boats on the shore in the sun but the son did not.C.they looked very different from each otheralthough they were father and son.D.their manners were so different that they formeda strange contrast.40.According to the passage, “the Englishman” most probably refers toA.a person who has a typical English looking.B.a person who is shy when he is nicknamedC.a person who is easy-going and does not mind being nicknamed.D.a person who is shy and careful about his manners.第三篇Let Them Watch ItOne hot night last July, when our new baby wouldn’t or couldn’t sleep, I tried everything I could think of: a warm bottle, songs, gentle rocking. Nothing would settle him. Guessing that I had a long night ahead of me, I brought a portable TV into his room, figuring that watching the late movie was as good a way as any to kill off the hours until dawn. To my surprise, as soon as the TV lit up, the baby quieted right down, his little eyes focused brightly on the tube. Not to waste an opportunity for sleep, I then tip-fifth birthday. Mywife and I heard no more of the baby that night, and the next morning when I went into his room, I found him still watching TV himself.I found in my baby’s behavior a metaphor for the new generation. My wife and I had given him some books to examine, but he merely spit upon them. When we read to him, he did not feel comfortable. And so it is in the schools. We find that our students don’t read, that they lock down upon reading and scold those of us who teach it. All they want to do is watch TV. After this experience with the baby, however, I have reached a conclusion: let them watch it. If television is that much more attractive to children than books, why should we fight it? Let them watch it all they want!41.The author brought a TV set into his son’s room toA.make his son stop cryingB.spend the night watching TVC.leave it to his son.D.make his son fall asleep as soon as possible.42.The baby’s reaction to the TV wasA.unexpectedB.excitingC.awfulD.calm43.From the passage we know that the author isA.a doctorB.an editorC.a writerD.a teacher44.According to the passage, which is true of the school children?A.They prefer reading to watching TV.B.They like watching TV only after school.C.They would rather watch TV than read books.D.They like their teachers who teach them reading.45.What do you think is the author’s attitude toward TV expressed in the last two sentences?A.AngryB.SeriousC.IronicalD.Joking。
职称英语测试卫生类C级模拟考题集合中
职称英语测试卫生类C级模拟考题集合中第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有两项测试任务：（1）第23-26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2-5段每段选择1个标题；（2）第27-30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个选项。
Hypnosis1 Increasing numbers of American doctors are using a technique known as hypnosis. They say hypnosis often can help persons suffering pain and stress. It also can help speed the healing of burns and treats some forms of asthma and some skin diseases. Hypnosis is not new. It has been used for many years both in scientific research and to please crowds at public gatherings.2 Hypnosis is commonly described as a condition similar to sleep. But, experts say it is more a form of deep thought. The thought becomes so intense that it is no longer just a thought. To the person, it becomes reality.3 Hypnotized patients are reported to have increased self-control and a reduced sense of pain. Some doctors use hypnosis to limit pain during a medical operation. Hypnosis is used mainly when the patient may have problems with usual anesthetic or pain-killing drugs.4 Experts say there is little chance that a patient will awaken during such an operation. But, if this happens, the operation is temporarily halted, and the patient hypnotized again. Doctors may advise hypnosis for women who are giving birth. Dentist may use it in place of traditional painkilling drugs, such as movocaine.5 Hypnosis also has been used to treat burn victims. Researchers have found that burn victims who are hypnotized improve faster that those who are not. But, they are not sure why this happens.6 Hypnosis can reduce or end a patient’s pain. But experts say this does not mean the patient is cured. The problem that caused the pain still must be treated.7 Experts also say persons cannot be forced to do something they would normally oppose. That is whyhypnosis often is not effective in treating cigarette smokers and persons who eat or drink too much. The success of the technique depends on how much someone wants it to succeed.23.Paragraph 2______24.Paragraph 5______25.Paragraph 6_____26.Paragraph 7_____ 27.Hypnosis is commonly described as_____28.Hypnotized patients are reported to_____29.Hypnosis is not effective in treating cigarette smokers and persons who eat or drink too much is because______30.The success of the technique depends on_____第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。
20XX职称英语考试卫生类C级模拟试题及答案解析6.doc
2017职称英语考试卫生类C级模拟试题及答案解析6完形填空Swine Flu in New YorkThe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has confirmed cases of swine _______(51)in eight students at a New York preparatory(预科的) school, Mayor Michael Bloomberg said Sunday. The students have had only _______(52) symptoms and none have been hospitalized, he said. Some of the students have already recovered.More than 100 students were absent from _______(53) due to flu-like symptoms last week.New York health officials tested samples for eight students Saturday and determined the students were probably _______(54) from swine flu, and the CDC confirmed the _______(55) on Sunday, Bloomberg said.The announcement brings the _______(56) of confirmed swine flu cases in the United States to 20. Bloomberg said there is no _______(57) of a citywide outbreak(爆发) of the flu, and no sign of a potential outbreak of swine flu at _______(58) schools.Some students at the school _______(59) spring break in Mexico, Bloomberg said, but authorities have not determined _______(60) any of the students with a confirmed case of swine fluwas in Mexico. Someone who traveled to Mexico may not have had any flu symptoms but _______(61) on the flu to someone else, he noted.Bloomberg called on students who are home sick to _______(62) home for 48 hours after their symptoms subside.If symptoms are normal for a regular kind of flu, there is _______(63) need to go to a hospital, said Bloomberg. If symptoms become severe, as _______(64) any illness, people should go to the hospital, he said.St. Francis, which has 2,700 students, announced it will remain closed for two days._______(65) whether the students' illnesses have been minor because they're young and healthy or because it is a minor strain of the virus, Frieden responded, "We don't know. "51. A. fever B. cold C. sickness D. flu52. A. severe B. mild C. physical D. typical53. A. hospital B. school C. work D. home54. A. recovering B. learning C. escaping D. suffering55. A. choice B. treatment C. diagnosis D. doubt56. A. number B. spread C. size D. amount57. A. chance B. sign C. news D. hope58. A. much B. other C. another D. few59. A. traveled B. closed C. spent D. lasted60. A. why B. whether C. how D. when61. A. passed B. kept C. rolled D. swept62. A. return B. stay C. leave D. go63. A. no B. some C. any D. great64. A. upon B. with C. along D. down65. A. Told B. Tested C. Greeted D. Asked解析：51.D [解析]猪流感是swine flu。
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职称英语卫生类C级模拟63(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、第一部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Ruth Benedict"s highly popular book Patterns of Culture stressed the role of culture in personality formation.（分数：1.00）A.overlyB.very √C.fairlyD.relatively解析：2.Because the sale of bonds is a convenient means of raising capital, corporations often issue bonds as well as stocks.（分数：1.00）A.as good asB.as substitutes forC.in addition to √D.instead of解析：3.In the western United States one can still find posts to which nineteenth-century cowboys hitched their horses.（分数：1.00）A.tied √B.ledC.pulledD.brought解析：4.In the Navaho household, grandparents and other relatives play indispensable roles in raising children.（分数：1.00）A.dominantB.exemplaryC.essential √D.demanding解析：5.The osprey flies above the water and when it spots a fish it swoops down to catch it.（分数：1.00）A.dropsB.sees √C.wantsD.selects解析：6.His job was to look after the animals.（分数：1.00）A.search forB.care for √C.followD.trap解析：7.Trading companies put up the money for the first English colonies in North America.（分数：1.00）A.supplied √B.earnedC.neededD.borrowed解析：8.He spoke so quickly that it was difficult to take down what he was saying.（分数：1.00）A.translateB.record √C.followD.interpret解析：9.No part of New Hampshire is far from water.（分数：1.00）A.mountainB.townC.section √D.village解析：10.Most sound vibrations arrive at the eardrum by way of the auditory canal.（分数：1.00）A.search forB.reach √C.tickleD.whisper to解析：11.In 1975 the United States Army began to assign women to positions previously classified as having combat status.（分数：1.00）A.secretlyB.genuinelyC.formerly √D.officially解析：12.Penguins do not suffer from the cold in Antarctica because their feathers secrete protective oil.（分数：1.00）A.hideB.warmC.produce √D.absorb解析：13.Until the late nineteenth century, there was no uniform system of time-keeping in the United States.（分数：1.00）A.personalB.efficientC.consistent √D.practical解析：14.Insects thrive all over , from the hottest deserts to the snow-clad peaks of lofty mountains. （分数：1.00）A.silentlyB.totallyC.everywhere √D.overhead解析：15.In prehistoric times people seldom stayed anywhere for very long because their food supply usually ran out .（分数：1.00）A.became depleted √B.was stolenC.escapedD.spoiled解析：二、第二部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Water ResourceMore than half of the water used for drinking, washing and irrigating comes from under the ground. This subterranean (地下的)water is known as groundwater.It is generally taken for granted that the groundwater drawn from wells is present every where and will always be available and clean and safe to drink. But experts are reporting that groundwater sources can dry up through overuse, or become contaminated as a result of pollution, poor sanitation (卫生)or salt water intrusion.This "invisible resource"—as groundwater was described by the United Nations for its 1998 observance (纪念)of World Day for Water—is slowly emerging in political, economic and personal affairs.With demand growing and supply presenting greater difficulties, groundwater is on the way to becoming a boom business. The World Bank estimates that the developing countries will require investments totaling $600 billion to repair and improve water systems. Of the investments that are actually made, a substantial amount will be devoted to extracting and piping groundwater, primarily for agricultural use and secondarily for industry and household consumption. With a trend towards privatization of public services, it can be expected that a growing portion of investments in water will come from the private sector; requirements that governments privatize water utilities are already being written into the terms of multilateral loans. One consequence of growing privatization may be that access to water will not be regraded as a right, but as a function of economic markets.Groundwater, which in its natural state is more protected than surface water, is the preferred source of drinking water for cities. But pressure is being placed on groundwater resources lying close to urban areas by exploding populations, as the portion of the world"s people residing in citied balloons from 31 percent in 1995 to a projected 50 percent in 2005. And there is also the pressure of dollars to purchase land lying above groundwater sources and to keep it in a natural state, in order to protect aquifers(蓄水层)from contamination. In the developing countries, where urban population growth is surpassing sewage systems, the problem of untreated human waste isextremely serious.Alongside the problems of public groundwater sources is the increased consumption of privately bottled water, most of which is named spring water, i.e. groundwater. Consumption of bottled water in the United States, for instance, has risen from virtually nil(零)in the 1950s to 843 million gallons in 1984 and 2.95 billion gallons in 1997. But drinking bottled water is not just a trend for the middle classes. In developing countries, water pipes rarely extend to the poorer neighbourhoods, and residents have no choice but to pay high prices for bottled water. Political leaders and analysts are talking more frequently about the possibility that increasing demand for precious groundwater will lead to cross—border conflicts, even wars. It is not easy to resolve disputes over the highest groundwater rights, since many aquifers and underground streams cross national borders; and a well drilled vertically within the boundaries of one country may very well be drawing water from the same aquifer, also chosen by a neighbouring nation. Inclined and even horizontal drilling further complicates this issue.（分数：7.00）(1).The passage mainly talks about the privatization of groundwater.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.Wrong √C.Not mentioned解析：[解析] 地下水是一种看不见的资源，而这种资源正在受到威胁和破坏，这是文章的主要内容。