定语从句英译汉之不同译
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• 不到长城非好汉。
用定语从句翻译各句
• 1. 学生们对学校饭堂的饭菜抱怨很多，他们在里面发现 过头发。
• 2. 他们和校长谈了，校长向他们保证会认真考虑他们的 建议。
• 3. 以前我数学不好，我朋友每天都花时间帮助我。
• 4. 尽管他在车祸中失去了一条腿，可他并没有气馁，而 是以常人想象不到的毅力，在奥运会上夺得了金牌。
• 三。兼有状语特点的定语从句
• 有的定语从句，意义上有状语特点，说明原 因、结果、目的、让步、假设等关系，可相应地 译成状语从句。
• 译成表“因”分句
• We know that a cat, whose eyes can take in many rays of light than our eyes, can see clearly at night。
• OR: Students complain a lot about food cooked in the school canteen, in which they have seen hair.
• 2. They talked to the headmaster, who promised to them that he would take their suggestions seriously.
代表的含义：
• I told the story to John, who told it to his brother。
• 我把这件事告诉了约翰，约翰又告 诉了他的弟弟。
• 定语从句后置，省略关系词所代表的含义：
• After dinner, the four key negotiators resumed their talks，which continued well into the night。
• 是他接到那封信，说你的叔叔去世 了。
• 3。溶合法
• 1)溶合法是指把原句中的主语和定语从句 溶合到一起译成一个独立的句子的翻译方法。 它较适用于翻译限制性定语从句，如“There be…”结构形式；
• There are many people who want to see film。
• 许多人要看这部电影。
一试身手
• 辩论赛发言稿： • 主题：青少年追捧流行歌星有必要吗？ • 要点：
1）说明青少年追捧流行音乐的目 的和表现方式
2）你如何看待这个问题？
• 主题：如何减少交通事故
• 要点：1）交通事故造成的损失；
2）人们应做出什么努力来减 少交通事故的发生；
3）政府应采取什么措施来减 少交通事故的发生。
• 这个国家不讨饭就活不下去。
• 二、非限制性定语从句
• 前置法
• 一些较短而具有描写性的英语非限 制性定语从句，可译成带“的”的前置 定语：
• The sun, which had hidden all day, now came out in all its splendour。
• 那个整天躲在云层里的太阳，现在 又光芒四射地露面了。
• 第一次世界大战是帝国主义列强之 间争夺市场、资源和领土的冲突是，而 第二次世界战却比第一次复杂。
• 2)译成独立句
• One was a violent thunderstorm, the worst I had ever seen, which obscured my objective。
• 有一次是暴风骤雨，猛烈的程度实 为我生平所仅见。这阵暴风雨遮住了我 的目标。
• 4. He, who lost a leg in the accident, did not lose heart but won a gold medal in the Olympics with the determination and willpower that is unimaginable for able-bodied people.
• 他们正在为实现一个理想而努力，这个理想 是每个中国人所珍爱的，在过去，许多中国人曾 为了这个理想而牺牲了自己的生命。
• 2)译成并列句，省略英语先行词：
• It is he who received the letter that announced the death of your uncle。
• 3. There was a time when I was not good at math and my friends spent time helping me every day.
• OR: I was not good at math before, with which my friends helped me every day.
• 7. The government, who can more effectively stop people smoking in public than individuals, should take measures as soon as possible to create for citizens a clean and harmonious living environment.
• 我没有放弃努力来争取一张护照， 以便到那个国家去访问。
• 5。译成表“条件”、“假设”的分句
• Men become desperate for work, any work which will help them to keep alive their families。
• 人们极其迫切要求工作，不管什么 工作，只要它能维持一家人的生活就行。
• 1) 译成并列分句，重复英语先行词：
• They are struggling for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which, in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives。
• He liked his sister, who was warm and
pleasant, but he did not like his brother, who was cold and arrogant。
• 他喜欢热情愉快的妹妹，而不喜欢 冷漠高傲的哥哥。
• 2。后置法 • 1)译成并列分句 • 定语从句后置，重复英语关系词所
• 饭后，四个主要谈判人物继续进行会 谈, 一直谈到深夜。
• 定语从句前置，重复关系词所代表的含 义：
• World War ll was, however, more complex than World War l，which was a collision among the imperialist powers over the spoils of markets, resources and territories。
• 我们知道由于猫的眼睛比我们人的眼睛吸收 更多的光线，所以猫在黑夜也能看很清楚。
• 译成表“果”分句
• There was something original, independent, and heroic about the plan that pleased all of them。
• 这个方案富于创造性，独出心裁， 很有魄力，所以使他们都喜欢。
• He would be a short –sighted commander who did not look beyond his fortress。
• 谁如果不往城堡之外的远处看，那 他就是一个目光短浅的指挥员。
• He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.
• There is a man downstaቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱrs who wants to see you 。
• 楼下有人要见你。
• 在定语复合句中，将英语主句压缩成汉 语词组做主语，而把定语从句译成谓语， 溶合成一个句子：
• This is a nation that must beg to stay alive。
• 5. There was a time when people thought the earth was flat, instead of round, which now proves not true.
• 6. Boarding at school, by which students save a lot of time for their study, enables them to share the joy of spending time together.
• 5. 以前人们都认为地球是平的，而不是圆的，现在证明 是错误的。
• 6. 在学校住宿既可以节省时间来学习，又能有时间跟同 学分享集体生活的快乐。
• 7. 政府比个人更能够有效地阻止公共场所吸烟，应当尽 快采取措施为市民营造干净、和谐的生活环境。
• 1. Students, who have seen hair in the food served in the school canteen, complain a lot about it.
• 3。译成表“让步”的分句
• He insisted on building another house, which he had no use for。
• 他坚持要再造一栋房子，尽管他并 无此需要。
• 4。译成表“目的”的分句
• I have not given up my efforts to get a passport that will enable me to visit that country。
定语从句英译汉之不同译法
• 一、限制性定语从句 • 1. 前置法
• 译成带“的”的定语词组，放在被 修饰词之前，变为单句：
• The people who worked for him lived in fear of him。
• 在他手下工作的人对他怕得要死。
• 2. 后置法
• 如果从句结构复杂，译成汉语前置定语显得 太长而不符合汉语表达习惯时，往往译成后置的 并列分句。
用定语从句翻译各句
• 1. 学生们对学校饭堂的饭菜抱怨很多，他们在里面发现 过头发。
• 2. 他们和校长谈了，校长向他们保证会认真考虑他们的 建议。
• 3. 以前我数学不好，我朋友每天都花时间帮助我。
• 4. 尽管他在车祸中失去了一条腿，可他并没有气馁，而 是以常人想象不到的毅力，在奥运会上夺得了金牌。
• 三。兼有状语特点的定语从句
• 有的定语从句，意义上有状语特点，说明原 因、结果、目的、让步、假设等关系，可相应地 译成状语从句。
• 译成表“因”分句
• We know that a cat, whose eyes can take in many rays of light than our eyes, can see clearly at night。
• OR: Students complain a lot about food cooked in the school canteen, in which they have seen hair.
• 2. They talked to the headmaster, who promised to them that he would take their suggestions seriously.
代表的含义：
• I told the story to John, who told it to his brother。
• 我把这件事告诉了约翰，约翰又告 诉了他的弟弟。
• 定语从句后置，省略关系词所代表的含义：
• After dinner, the four key negotiators resumed their talks，which continued well into the night。
• 是他接到那封信，说你的叔叔去世 了。
• 3。溶合法
• 1)溶合法是指把原句中的主语和定语从句 溶合到一起译成一个独立的句子的翻译方法。 它较适用于翻译限制性定语从句，如“There be…”结构形式；
• There are many people who want to see film。
• 许多人要看这部电影。
一试身手
• 辩论赛发言稿： • 主题：青少年追捧流行歌星有必要吗？ • 要点：
1）说明青少年追捧流行音乐的目 的和表现方式
2）你如何看待这个问题？
• 主题：如何减少交通事故
• 要点：1）交通事故造成的损失；
2）人们应做出什么努力来减 少交通事故的发生；
3）政府应采取什么措施来减 少交通事故的发生。
• 这个国家不讨饭就活不下去。
• 二、非限制性定语从句
• 前置法
• 一些较短而具有描写性的英语非限 制性定语从句，可译成带“的”的前置 定语：
• The sun, which had hidden all day, now came out in all its splendour。
• 那个整天躲在云层里的太阳，现在 又光芒四射地露面了。
• 第一次世界大战是帝国主义列强之 间争夺市场、资源和领土的冲突是，而 第二次世界战却比第一次复杂。
• 2)译成独立句
• One was a violent thunderstorm, the worst I had ever seen, which obscured my objective。
• 有一次是暴风骤雨，猛烈的程度实 为我生平所仅见。这阵暴风雨遮住了我 的目标。
• 4. He, who lost a leg in the accident, did not lose heart but won a gold medal in the Olympics with the determination and willpower that is unimaginable for able-bodied people.
• 他们正在为实现一个理想而努力，这个理想 是每个中国人所珍爱的，在过去，许多中国人曾 为了这个理想而牺牲了自己的生命。
• 2)译成并列句，省略英语先行词：
• It is he who received the letter that announced the death of your uncle。
• 3. There was a time when I was not good at math and my friends spent time helping me every day.
• OR: I was not good at math before, with which my friends helped me every day.
• 7. The government, who can more effectively stop people smoking in public than individuals, should take measures as soon as possible to create for citizens a clean and harmonious living environment.
• 我没有放弃努力来争取一张护照， 以便到那个国家去访问。
• 5。译成表“条件”、“假设”的分句
• Men become desperate for work, any work which will help them to keep alive their families。
• 人们极其迫切要求工作，不管什么 工作，只要它能维持一家人的生活就行。
• 1) 译成并列分句，重复英语先行词：
• They are struggling for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which, in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives。
• He liked his sister, who was warm and
pleasant, but he did not like his brother, who was cold and arrogant。
• 他喜欢热情愉快的妹妹，而不喜欢 冷漠高傲的哥哥。
• 2。后置法 • 1)译成并列分句 • 定语从句后置，重复英语关系词所
• 饭后，四个主要谈判人物继续进行会 谈, 一直谈到深夜。
• 定语从句前置，重复关系词所代表的含 义：
• World War ll was, however, more complex than World War l，which was a collision among the imperialist powers over the spoils of markets, resources and territories。
• 我们知道由于猫的眼睛比我们人的眼睛吸收 更多的光线，所以猫在黑夜也能看很清楚。
• 译成表“果”分句
• There was something original, independent, and heroic about the plan that pleased all of them。
• 这个方案富于创造性，独出心裁， 很有魄力，所以使他们都喜欢。
• He would be a short –sighted commander who did not look beyond his fortress。
• 谁如果不往城堡之外的远处看，那 他就是一个目光短浅的指挥员。
• He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.
• There is a man downstaቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱrs who wants to see you 。
• 楼下有人要见你。
• 在定语复合句中，将英语主句压缩成汉 语词组做主语，而把定语从句译成谓语， 溶合成一个句子：
• This is a nation that must beg to stay alive。
• 5. There was a time when people thought the earth was flat, instead of round, which now proves not true.
• 6. Boarding at school, by which students save a lot of time for their study, enables them to share the joy of spending time together.
• 5. 以前人们都认为地球是平的，而不是圆的，现在证明 是错误的。
• 6. 在学校住宿既可以节省时间来学习，又能有时间跟同 学分享集体生活的快乐。
• 7. 政府比个人更能够有效地阻止公共场所吸烟，应当尽 快采取措施为市民营造干净、和谐的生活环境。
• 1. Students, who have seen hair in the food served in the school canteen, complain a lot about it.
• 3。译成表“让步”的分句
• He insisted on building another house, which he had no use for。
• 他坚持要再造一栋房子，尽管他并 无此需要。
• 4。译成表“目的”的分句
• I have not given up my efforts to get a passport that will enable me to visit that country。
定语从句英译汉之不同译法
• 一、限制性定语从句 • 1. 前置法
• 译成带“的”的定语词组，放在被 修饰词之前，变为单句：
• The people who worked for him lived in fear of him。
• 在他手下工作的人对他怕得要死。
• 2. 后置法
• 如果从句结构复杂，译成汉语前置定语显得 太长而不符合汉语表达习惯时，往往译成后置的 并列分句。