高考名词性从句学习
高考名词性从句知识点总结
高考名词性从句知识点总结高考是每个学生在学习过程中都会经历的一次重要考试。
在语文科目中,名词性从句是一个常见的考点。
名词性从句是指在句子中充当名词的从句,可以充当主语、宾语、表语或者介词宾语。
下面就来总结一下高考中常见的名词性从句知识点。
1. 主语从句主语从句在句子中充当主语的角色,常用的引导词有:that, whether/if, who, what, which, how等。
例如:- That he is innocent is beyond doubt.(他无辜是毫无疑问的)- Whether/if she will come to the party is still uncertain.(她是否会来参加派对还不确定。
)2. 宾语从句宾语从句在句子中充当宾语的角色,常用的引导词有:that, whether/if, who, whom, whose, what, which等。
例如:- I believe that love can change the world.(我相信爱可以改变世界。
)- I don't know whether/if he will come or not.(我不知道他是否会来。
)3. 表语从句表语从句在句子中充当表语的角色,常用的引导词有:that, whether/if, who, whom, whose, what, which等。
例如:- My dream is that I can travel around the world.(我的梦想是我可以环游世界。
)- The question is whether/if she will accept the offer.(问题是她是否会接受这个提议。
)4. 同位语从句同位语从句用来解释或说明一个名词或代词,常用的引导词有:that, whether/if, who, whom, whose, what, which等。
高考英语语法之名词性从句
1.名词:表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。 2.名词的句法作用:名词在句中主要作主语、宾 语、表语和同位语。另外还可以作定语、状语。 3.名词性从句: 在英语的句子结构中,本来该由名词充当的主 语、宾语、表语和同位语,由一个句子来充当, 这个句子就叫名词性从句。 4.名词性从句的种类: 根据名词性从句在句子中所充当的不同成分, 名词性从句可以分为主语从句、宾语从句、表 语从句和同位语从句。
2.When he will go to America is not yet fixed.
(It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.)
宾语从句
在复合句中作主句的宾语.引导 词有连词that (that 常可省 略),whether,if; 代词有who, whose,what ,which
表语从句
在复合句中作主句的表语. 引导词有连词that (that 不可 省),whether; 代词有who, what ,which;
副词 when ,where, how, why
等.
The problem is that we didn’t get in touch with him.
This is how Henry solved the problem. His suggestion is that we (should) finish the work at once.
(4).It is not yet decided which cash crop will be produced next year. (5).Whatever he said was right.
(6).Whoever goes there must get ready by 6 o’clock.
高考重难点名词性从句精讲
词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语)
在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句(真正 宾语) 的句型中不省略
We must make it clear that we mean what we say. 由连词and连接的两个由that引导 的宾语从句中,第二个that 不省略.
表语从句:在句中充当表语成分,一般放在连系动词
之后. 作用:对主语进行解释说明。
3. 表语从句:
在连系动词之后的句子叫做表语从句。
例:问题是谁能去那里。 表语 The question was who could go there. 例:那是他为什么迟到的原因。 That is why he was late. 表语
主语
例:他住在哪里我们都不知道。
Where he lives is unknown to us.
主语
例:不太清楚她为什么迟到。 Why she was late is unclear.
主语
例:这本书怎么销售取决于它的作者。
How the book will be sold depends on its writer .
{I don’t like what he does every day. {
I don’t know about the man, Mr. White. I don’t know that he is a teacher.
I don’t like his job.
2.宾语从句:(object clause) 用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。一般放在及物动词,介
名词性从句
1.主语从句
*名词性从句的特点是
高考英语语法知识点:名词性从句
高考英语语法知识点:名词性从句1500字名词性从句是指在句子中充当名词的成分的从句。
名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
在高考英语中,名词性从句是考查的重点之一,我们需要对名词性从句的结构和用法有透彻的理解。
下面是关于名词性从句的一些重要知识点:1.主语从句主语从句在句中充当主语的作用。
主语从句通常以that引导,也可以用whether或if 引导。
例如:- That he is guilty is certain.- Whether we will win the game is yet to be seen.- If it will rain tomorrow is still uncertain.2.宾语从句宾语从句在句中充当宾语的作用。
宾语从句通常以that引导,也可以用whether或if 引导。
需要注意的是,当主句的动词是说、tell、ask、think、believe、know等表示说话、思考、感觉的动词时,常用连词that引导宾语从句,但如果宾语从句的主语与主句的主语相同,可以省略连词that。
例如:- I know that he is a good student.- She asked me if/whether I had finished my homework.- He told her (that) he loved her.3.表语从句表语从句在句中充当表语的作用。
表语从句通常以that引导,也可以用whether或if 引导。
例如:- The fact that he didn't come is disappointing.- The question is whether we should proceed with the plan.- My concern is if/whether we have enough time.4.同位语从句同位语从句用来解释或说明前面名词的具体内容或意义。
高中英语高考名词性从句专项复习(知识点+易错点+练习题)
高考英语名词性从句知识点一、that从句1、主语从句that从句作主语时,常用it作形式主语,常见的句型有:It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc. ) + that 从句It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc. ) + that 从句It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged,etc. ) + that 从句that可以省略,但that从句位于句首时,that不能省略。
2、宾语从句(1)常见的可以接that从句作宾语的动词有see, say, know, imagine, discover, believe, tell, show, think, consider, be sure, be afraid 等。
在可以接复合宾语的动词之后,如think, make, consider等,可以用it作形式宾语。
(2)That从句一般不能充当介词宾语,偶尔可作except, in的宾语。
3、表语从句(that不可省略)4、同位语从句连词that引导同位语从句时,应在某些抽象名词之后,如:fact, hope, desire, thought, suggestion, idea, news, problem, possibility 等,对前面的名词起补充说明的作用,that 在从句中不担当任何成分,不能省略。
二、whether/if 从句1>在表语从句和同位语从句中,只能用whether不能用if;当主语从句放于句首时,只能用whether不用if;当it作形式主语,主语从句放在句末时用whether或if均可;discuss后引导宾语从句时,必须用whether。
高考英语考点 70名词性从句
考点七十名词性从句1.名词性从句必须采用陈述语序。
①I want to know what he has told you.我想知道他告诉了你什么。
②She always thinks of how she can work well.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
2.it充当形式主语或宾语:在名词性从句中,为了使句子保持平衡,常用先行词it来代替主语从句或宾语从句,而把主语从句或宾语从句放到后面,尤其是连词that引导的主语从句常用于此句式中。
①It is known to us how he became a writer.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
②I find it strange that she doesn’t want to travel.她竟不想旅游,我觉得很奇怪。
3.在名词性从句中that与what的差异:what在从句中要充当某个成分(主语、宾语或表语),在任何情况下都不能省略,表示"(=the thing or things that...; whatever)……的事物;无论什么;凡是……的事物"。
that本身没有词汇意义,在从句中不充当任何成分,在口语和非正式文件中,宾语从句中的that常常省略。
①What you have done might do harm to others.你所做的事或许对别人有害处。
②I spent what little time I had with my family.我仅有的一点儿时间都和家人在一起度过了。
③No one knows what will happen next.谁也不知道下一步有什么事。
④I think(that) you will like the stamps.我认为你会喜欢这些邮票的。
4.whether和if的差异:(1)引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句,只能采用whether。
☞Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。
高考名词性从句知识点总结
名词性从句主语从句宾语从句名词性从句表语从句同位语从句以that引导以whether/if引导名词性从句结构以特殊疑问句引导以what或wh-ever等连接代词引导(名词性关系从句)一、主语从句1.以that引导的主语从句That从句作主语时,常用it作形式主语①it + be + 形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful,funny, possible, likely, certain, probable…)+ that从句②it + be + 名词词组(no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, nosurprise…)+ that从句③it + be + 过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided…)+ that从句即形容词/名词词组/过去分词形式主语真正主语在口语和非正式文体中,that可省略,尤其很短的句子,that不必要,但是that从句位于句首时,that绝不可省略2.whether引导的主语从句强调主语从句谓语句首只能用whether,不可用if代替主语从句在句末,whether和if均可3.特殊疑问词引导的主语从句常用it作形式主语连接代词who, which和连接副词when, where, how, why都可引导主语从句,不可省如句子是疑问句式,则必须用it引导4.名词性关系从句(以what或wh-ever等连接代词引导的名词性关系从句)what或wh-ever引导主语从句【例】What they need is a good textbook.Whichever he likes will be given to him二、宾语从句1.以that引导的宾语从句常见的可以接that从句作宾语的动词有:see, say, know, imagine, discover,believe, tell, show, think, consider, be sure, be afraid等,在可以接复合宾语的动词之后如think, make, consider等,可以用it作形式宾语That从句一般不能充当介宾,偶尔可做except,in的宾语【例】he is a good student except that he is a little bit careless2.whether/if 引导的宾语从句whether从句中不能有否定式介词后只能用whether,不能用if3.特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句能接特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句的动词很多,例如see, tell, ask, answer,know, decide, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, show, discuss,understand, inform, advise等4.名词性关系从句(作动宾,介宾)三、表语从句1.that引导表语从句that 不可省略My ides is that we’ll all go except him.That是连词,在句中不充当成分,没有意义,不可省略2.Whether引导表语从句只能用whether,不能用if注:从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句,但是as if却可以3.特殊疑问词引导表语从句注意从句用陈述语序The problem is where we should stay.4.名词性关系从句注意从句用陈述语序Tomorrow is when it would be most convenient.四、同位语从句1.that引导的同位语从句应在某些抽象名词后,如fact, hope, desire, thought, suggestion, idea, news, problem, possibility,对前面的名词起补充说明作用,在从句中不充当任何成分,但不可省略。
高考英语语法总复习名词性从句
• 一、名词性从句的种类
• 名词性从句是起名词作用的从句,包括主语从句、宾语从 句、表语从句、同位语从句。
请思考:
1、English is very useful for us . 2、We need to master English well. 3、The subject I am interested in is English. 4、He want to learn the language , English .
• that引导主语从句时,常用it作形式主语,常 见句型有: • ①it+be+形容词(如: obvious,true,natural, surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible, likely,certain,probable,evident,clear, apparent等)+that从句。 • It is evident that lung cancer is closely related to smoking.
注意:
1. 在口语或非正式问题中,引导宾语从句的that常省略,但 在下面情况下,that 一般不省略 (1) 当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时,除第一 个从句的that外,都不可省略。 He told me (that) the power would be cut off and that I should get out. (2)形式宾语it后的that及介词后面的that不能省略。 2. 如果主句主语是第一人称,谓语动词是think ,consider, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等,后面的宾语 从句含有否定意义,否定转移。 I don't think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你。
高考英语一轮复习——名词性从句(附答案)
高考英语一轮复习——名词性从句(附答案)I. 考点分析名词性从句包括:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句,多由连词that,wh- 疑问词或由what,whatever等关系代词引导,其中同位语从句在高考考试中最常见。
1. 主语从句1) 主语从句在句子中充当主语,句子的谓语动词用第三人称单数。
如:Why he refused to work with you is still mystery.Whoever comes is welcome.2) 主语从句前的that不能省略,仅起连接作用,有时为了保持句子平衡,that从句后置,而由it作形式主语。
如:That he became a lawyer may have been due to his mother’s influence.It is not true that he has moved to New York.2. 宾语从句在句子中充当宾语,如:I don’t know where the sound came from.Don’t be satisfied with what you have achieved.3.当从句放在系动词be, look, remain, seem等后即构成表语从句。
The trouble is that I have lost his address.It seemed that the night would never end.4. 1) 同位语从句是对与之同位的名词中心词作进一步解释,能接名词性从句的常见名词有: idea, fact, news, belief, hope, evidence, opinion, problem, truth, answer, proposal, theory, decision, discovery, problem, thought, understanding 等。
高考名词性从句讲解、习题及答案
名词性从句名词性从句(主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,同位语从句)1.that 引导的名词性从句,that 在从句中不充当任何句子成分,没有词义。
that引导宾语从句时常可省略,但如果引导两个以上宾语从句时,that不省。
引导主语从句时常可用it 作形式主语That light travels in straight lines is known to all.众所周知光是以直线运行的。
(主语从句)=It is known to all that light travels in straight linesThe reason for his absent was that he was ill.他缺席的原因是他病了。
(表语从句)I think( that) you are right.我认为你是对的。
(宾语从句)The news that our football team has won is true.我们足球队赢了的消息是真的。
(同位语从句)注意区别:The news( that/which) he told me is true.他告诉我的消息是真的。
(定语从句)2.what 引导的名词性从句,what 在从句中必须要作主语,宾语,表语,常译作“所---的”或“什么”,what 一般不引导同位语从句What we need is water.我们所需要的是水。
(主语从句)What we need are useful books.我们所需要的是有用的书。
(主语从句)This is what I want to say.这就是我想说的。
(表语从句)Please tell me what she is saying.请告诉我她在说什么。
(宾语从句)3.how,where,when,why,等引导的名词性从句,保留疑问词的原意,或译为-“--的地方”“---的时候”Do you know how he came here?By bus.你知道他是怎么来的吗?乘公共汽车。
名词性从句高考知识点汇总
名词性从句重要知识点汇总一、总括从句引导词主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句做vt. 宾语做prep.宾语that 一般不可以省略可以省略一般不省略一般不省略一般不省略whether/if 放于句首只用whether用whether/if均可只用whether 只用whether 只用whether特殊疑问词注意语序要用陈述语序名词性关系从句注意语序要用陈述语序二、that 从句(一)主语从句1、that 从句做主语时,常用it作形式主语,常见的句型有:(1)It + be +adj. (obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.) + that 从句Eg. It is certain that she will do well in the exam.It is probable that he told her everything.(2)It + be + 过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+ that 从句Eg. It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing.It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday.(3)It + be + 名词词组(no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+ that 从句Eg. It’s no surprise that our team has won the game.经典考题:1、It has been proved _____ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illness in later life.A. ifB. becauseC. whenD. that2、It is obvious to the students ____ they should get well prepared for their future.A. asB.whichC. whetherD. that(二)宾语从句1、在接复合宾语的动词之后,如think, make, consider等,可以用it做形式宾语。
高考名词性从句(非常全)
高考名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses)。
名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、引导名词性从句的连接词引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:连词:that(无任何词意)whether,if(均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性)as if ,as though(均表示“好像”,“似乎”)以上在从句中均不充当任何成分连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,whose, which.whichever,whomever连接副词:when, where, how, why不可省略的连词:1. 介词后的连词2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
That she was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.比较:whether与if 均为"是否"的意思。
但在下列情况下,whether 不能被if 取代:1. whether引导主语从句并在句首2. 引导表语从句3. whether从句作介词宾语4. 从句后有"or not"Whether he will come is not clear.大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末,用it充当形式主语。
It is not important who will go.It is still unknown which team will win the match.二. 主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
主语从句通常由从属连词that,whether,if和连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever以及连接副词how,when,where,why等词引导。
高考英语名词性从句解析
五.同位语从句
1.同位语从句的引导词主要是: 1.同位语从句的引导词主要是: that 同位语从句的引导词主要是 2.同位语从句和定语从句的区别 同位语从句和定语从句的区别: 2.同位语从句和定语从句的区别: 如果that作从句中的某一成分 则是定语从句 如果 作从句中的某一成分,则是定语从句 如果 作从句中的某一成分 则是定语从句,如果 that不作从句中的任何成分 则是同位语从句 不作从句中的任何成分,则是同位语从句 不作从句中的任何成分 则是同位语从句. 例: (1) I had no idea that it was so late. (主系表 主系表 结构,that 不作从句中的成分 同位语从句 不作从句中的成分,同位语从句 同位语从句) 结构 (2) I still remember the place that we visited last year.(主谓宾结构 主谓宾结构,that作从句中的宾 主谓宾结构 作从句中的宾 定语从句) 语,定语从句 定语从句 3.that引导的同位语从句前面的名词常见的有 引导的同位语从句前面的名词常见的有: 3.that引导的同位语从句前面的名词常见的有: idea, fact, news, belief, thought, doubt, suggestion, proof, message, order, conclusion, desire, theory, truth, word (消息)等. 消息)
2.注意点 2.注意点
1) 主语从句一律用陈述语序 即:主语 谓语 主语从句一律用陈述语序,即 主语+谓语 谓语+…. 例: 正: When he will come is not known. 误: Whe接词that在从句中无实际意义 但不能省略 在从句中无实际意义,但不能省略 在从句中无实际意义 但不能省略. 例: 正: That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true. 误: He will not come to the meeting this evening is true.
2025届高考英语语法复习名词性从句知识讲解练习讲义
名词性从句讲解练习名词性从句是指在复合句中起名词作用的句子,功能相当于名词词组。
名词性从句在复合句中能作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等,根据在句中的语法功能可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、主语从句【定义】在复合句中,作主语的句子称为主语从句。
【常见的连接词】(连接词在句中不能省略)that, whether, who, what, whatever, whoever, where, when, why, how等。
【用法】连接词 that 引导That we should learn English well is very important.主语从句中 we should learn English well句子完整,不缺成分,用that引导,that 不能省连接词whether,if 引导whether 引导的主语从句可放句首,也可放句中,表“是否”if 引导的主语从句只能引导动词后的宾语Whether I will go or not depend on the weather.It remains to be seen whether / if they can finish the task in time.2.连接代词what, who, which, whose, whatever, whichever,whoever等引导What matters most is your attitude.3.连接副词when,where,why,how等引导How he made it is still unknown.4.it作形式主语为了避免句子头重脚轻,通常把形式主语it放在句首,真正的主语放在句子后面。
常见句型:(1) It is + n.+ that + 句子It is +(a pity / a shame / a fact …)+ that ...(2) It is + adj.+ that + 句子It is +(true / clear / important …)+ that ...(3) It is + 过去分词 + that + 句子It is+ said / announced / expected / believed / hoped… + that ...(4) It seems /appears / happens / turned out that + 句子(5) It hit sb./occurred to sb.that + 句子二、宾语从句【定义】在复合句中,作宾语的句子称为宾语从句。
高考英语名词性从句讲解
高考英语名词性从句讲解一、概念:名词性从句相当于名词词组,在复合句中起名词性作用。
分类:主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的1)连接词:that, whether, if;2)关系代词:who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whichever;3) 关系副词:when, where, how, why.二、要点:人物主语:who, whoever what, whatever宾语:whom, whomever what, whatever名词性从句表语:whom what定语:which what whose状语when where why how whenever however wherever不做成份:that if/whether as if /as though三、基础知识学习:1主语从句: 主语从句是在复合句中代替作主语的名词, 充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。
1.that 引导的主语从句①句首That a round-trip to Mars would take more than a year and a half is estimated.That he misunderstood me is obvious.That引导主语从句,放句首,不做任何成分,不可省略。
②用形式主语it来引导句子A. that引导主语从句放句首时,有时会为了避免头重脚轻,保持句子平衡,常用it做形式主语,把真正的that引导的主语从句放句后。
It is strange that he made no answer.It is known to all that the earth is round.B. 用it做形式主语的主语从句结构注意:i. It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较It作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化。
高考英语名词性从句专题(精辟)
名词性从句名词性从句的考查要点:(1) What ,that 引导名词性从句的区别;(2) Whether ,if 引导名词性从句的区别;(3) 同位语从句和定语从句的区别;一、 名词性从句概述在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses )。
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、和同位语,因此根据它在句中充当不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
二、名词性从句比较请注意1、名词性从句中的that 省略情况:动词后的宾语从句和表语从句中的that 可以省略。
2、No matter +wh-开头的词如no matter what 等只能连接让步状语从句。
而wh-开头的词+ever 如whatever 等既能连接让步状语从句,也能连接名词性从句。
解题步骤和原则:分析复合句结构,找出从句,确定名词性从句中的哪一类。
分析从句,结合上表中各个连接词的特点,缺什么补什么。
主语从句应注意的问题主语从句中It 作形式主语常用句型:1. It + be +形容词(obvious, true, natural, possible, likely, probable, certain,wonderful, good, etc.) + that 从句2. It + be +名词词组(no wonder ,a pity ,an honor, a good thing, no surprise , etc.) +that 从句3. It + be + 过去分词(said, thought, reported, expected, announced, decided , etc.)+ that 从句4. It +不及物动词(seem, happen, etc.) + that 从句5. It doesn’t matter(make no different, etc.) + 连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句Eg: It is certain that she will do well in her exam.Eg形式主语主语从句1.(2012课标·全国I) It is by no means clear__________ the president can do to end the strike.A.howB. whichC. thatD. what2.(2012天津,7) It doesn’t matter _______you turn right or left at the crossing — both roadslead to the park.A. whetherB. howC. ifD. when3.(2012江西,25) It suddenly occurred to him_________ he had left his keys in the office.A. whetherB. whereC. whichD. that宾语从句应注意的问题1. if /whether表示“是否” 可以互换,但以下情况只能用whether,不用if. (1)在介词后面Eg:Everything depends on whether we have enough time.(2)与or not连用Eg:I don’t know whether he will come or not.(3)宾语从句提前时Eg:whether they can come here on time, we don’t know.(4)后面跟不定式Eg:I really don’t know whether to accept or refuse.2. 宾语从句的时态(一般来说,主从句时态要统一。
高考英语语法知识点从句
高考英语语法知识点从句高考英语语法知识点:从句高考英语考试中,从句作为一个重要的语法知识点经常出现。
从句是由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的复合句。
在从句的结构和功能方面我们需要了解一些重要的知识点。
一、名词性从句名词性从句可以充当主语、宾语、表语和补语的功能。
根据不同的功能,名词性从句有三种形式:主语从句、宾语从句和表语/补语从句。
1. 主语从句:主语从句在句子中充当主语的角色,通常由由连接词that,whether/if引导。
例如:- That she is a talented musician is undeniable.(她是个有才华的音乐家是不可否认的。
)- Whether/if he can pass the exam is still uncertain.(他是否能通过考试还是未知数。
)主语从句常常出现在"It is/was + adj./n. + that"的句型中。
2. 宾语从句:宾语从句出现在句子中作为动词的宾语,通常由由连接词that, whether/if引导。
例如:- She asked me whether/if I had finished my homework.(她问我是否完成了作业。
)- I hope that it will stop raining soon.(我希望很快能停止下雨。
)宾语从句常常出现在及物动词后面,或者在介词to之后。
3. 表语/补语从句:表语从句和补语从句是由连接词that引导的从句。
例如:- I'm afraid that she is not coming to the party.(恐怕她不会来参加晚会。
)- He seemed very happy that he had won the race.(他似乎对自己赢得比赛感到非常开心。
)表语从句通常出现在系动词后面,而补语从句在及物动词后面。
二、定语从句定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
高考英语一轮复习:名词性从句
高考英语一轮复习之名词性从句1.从句的分类:名词性从句定语从句状语从句2.名词性从句的定义和分类:定义:在句子中充当名词的从句分类:包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句3.宾语从句定义:用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
构成:主句+连接词+从句在宾语从句后的括号内打“√”,并分析宾语从句的成分。
1.Bill thinks that the races were not interesting to watch ( )2.Bill wonders whether they’ll have zongzi again next year. ( )3.They carry people’s wishes to the families they love and miss ( )4.He warns Scrooge to change his ways if he doesn’t want to end up like him ( )●引导宾语从句的连接词有三类:①当宾语从句是陈述句时,由that引导,that在从句中不作任何成分,没有具体含义,可以省略。
He is a clever boy. I think.___________________________________________________.Do you know?The famous singer will come to Yantai.___________________________________________________.①当宾语从句是一般疑问句时,由whether或if引导,翻译成:“是否”,不能省略。
语序为陈述语序。
Lily wanted to know. Does her grandma like the dog?__________________________________________________.She asked me. Can the boy draw a horse?__________________________________________________.①当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,由疑问代词(what, who, whom, which, whose)或疑问副词(when, where, how, why)引导,这些疑问词本身在从句中做一定成分不可以省略,语序用陈述语序。
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名词性从句在复合句中具有名词的性质的作主语、表语、同位语、宾语的从句叫名词性从句。
因此,我们把主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句这四种从句统称为名词性从句。
名词性从句要采用陈述句语序。
当由一个含疑问意义的连词引起时,必须将该连词放在名词性从句的开头,且该从句语序不能倒装。
一、引导名词性从句的关联词引导名词性从句的关联词大致相同,它们分别是:连词:that, whether, if;关系代词:who, what, which , whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever;关系副词:when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever。
引导从句时一般不用逗号和主句分开。
详细见下表:(一)that从句与wh-关系代词和关系副词引导名词性从句的区别连词that在从句中不作成分,不含疑问意义;而wh-连词在从句中作成分,且含有疑问意义;It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.她的头发在变白令她有点担忧。
(that在从句中只起引导词作用,不作成分)What caused the accident is still a complete mystery.事故发生的原因仍然是个不解之谜。
(What在从句中作主语)(二)that与whether引导名词性从句的区别1. 动词doubt表示“怀疑、不知道” 解时,肯定句接whether引导的宾语从句;否定句don’t doubt和疑问句Do you doubt要接that引导的从句。
I don’t doubt that he will come soon.我不怀疑他不久会来。
(此处不用whether)Can you doubt that he will win?你怀疑他会赢吗?(此处不用whether)2. that本身无意义,有时可以省略;whether本身有意义,在句中均不可省略。
He said (that) he was from New York.他说他是从纽约来的。
(that无意义,可以省略)Whether he will go there is not decided yet.他去不去没定下来。
(whether 有意义,不可以省略)3. 如果宾语从句表示两种可能性取其一时,只能用whether(or not),不可用that。
I wonder whether he knew the manager(or not).我不知道他是否认识经理。
(不能用that)I am not sure whether he will come.他来不来我没把握。
(不能用that)4. whether引导的从句能几乎作所有介词的宾语;that引导的从句只能作except, but, besides的介词宾语。
I have no interest in whether he will come.我对他来与否不感兴趣。
(不能用that)He is a good boy except that he is careless sometimes.他是个好孩子,只是有时有点粗心。
(三)whether和if的区别1. whether可以引导discuss和介词宾语从句,而if不能。
They are talking about whether they will go there.他们正在讨论是否去那里。
(不能用if)2. whether可以应到所有的名词性从句,而if只能引导宾语从句;在引起主语从句时,特别是主语从句在句首时,不能用if,除非是有形式主语it的主语从句。
Whether the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. 2000年奥运会是否在北京举行还不知道。
(不能用if)3. whether后可以直接跟or not,构成whether or not,if则不能。
I don't know whether he'll come or not. 我不知道他是否会来。
(不能用if)4. if 引导的从句可用于否定的谓语,whether引导的从句不用于否定的谓语。
I don't care if you won't come.我才不在乎他来不来呢。
5. whether …or可以引导让步状语从句;if可以引导条件状语从句。
Whether it snows or not, I will go there by bike.不论明天下不下雪,我都骑车去。
If he had been given more time, he could have done it much better. 如果给他更多的时间,他会做得更好。
6. whether可以和不定式连用,而if不能。
He didn’t know whether to get married or to wait.他不知道是现在结婚还是等等再说。
They haven’t decided whether to go there or not.他们还没决定去不去。
(四)关系代词与关系副词引起的名词性从句的应当注意的问题1. wh-ever引起的名词性从句不含疑问意义,相当于不定代词后加一个定语从句:whatever = anything that,whoever=anyone who, wherever=any place where, whenever=any time when表示泛指It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants. 普遍认为,孩子要什么就给他什么不是聪明之举。
2. 介词后的who/whom,whoever/whomever的选择问题,则要看连接词在从句中是作主语还是作宾语而定,如在从句中作主语则只能选用who/whoever。
Give them to whoever is likely to be interested.把他们送给感兴趣的人。
(不能用whomever)Who do you think is the best student?你认为谁是最好的学生。
(不能用whom)3. 正确使用who/ whoever,what/whatever,how/however,where/wherever,when/whenever,which/whichever,who,what,where,when,how,which一要分析句子结构,看其在从句中作何成分,二是理清其在句中的含义。
I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. 我上周开车去参加珠海的空展了。
Is that why you had a few days off? (表原因)这就是你请了几天假的原因吗?I remember when this used to be a quiet place.我记忆中这里曾经是一个安静的地方。
(表时间)二、主语从句在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。
引导主语从句的词有从属连词、、关系代词、连接副词等。
引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词that、whether,关系代词:who, what, which , whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever;关系副词:when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever等。
(一)从属连词that,whether引导的主语从句。
从属连词that,whether在主语从句中的作用只是引导主语从句,它们在从句中不担任成分,不能省略。
That you don’t like him is none of my business.你不喜欢她不管我的事。
Whether she will come or not is still a question. 她是否会来仍是一个问题。
(二)it作形式主语引导主语从句。
如果主语从句太长,为避免句子结构头重脚轻,我们可用it作形式主语,而把主语从句放在主句谓语部分之后。
That引导的主语从句可用it代替,that 不可省略。
用作it作形式主语的结构:①It is/was +形容词+that 从句It’s natural that… 很自然…… It’s obvious that … 显而易见……It’s fortunate that … 幸运的是It’s (im)possible…(不)可能……It’s unlikely that… 不可能It’s strange that…奇怪的是……②It is/was +名词+that 从句It’s a pity that… 遗憾的是…… It’s a fact that …事实是……It’s good news that…是好消息…… It’s a wonder that…不足为奇……It’s an honour that… 非常荣幸…… It’s a shame that…真是可耻……It’s common knowledge that … 是常识…③It +不及物动词+that 从句It seems that… 似乎…… It happened that…碰巧……It appears that…看来…… It turns out that…结果……④It is/was +过去分词+that 从句It’s not known that… ……不得而知It’s said that… 据说……It’s reported that… 据报道…… It’s decided that…尚未决定It’s believed that… 据认为…… It’s announced that…据宣布……It suddenly struck me (occur to me that… 我突然想到(感觉到)……⑤其他It doesn’t matter … 是无关紧要的It makes no difference …毫无区别……It is of little consequence that…无关紧要(三)由连接代词引导的主语从句。
1. 连接代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等,引导主语从句时,它们分别在从句中担任主语、宾语或定语,不能省略。