教师资格证科目三 初中高中英语24特殊句式 虚拟语气2
高中语法精讲之虚拟语气2
虚拟语气
二、动词wish后的宾语从句
[例句]
1. I wish I were 30 years younger. 我但愿自己能年轻三十岁。 wish（that）+主语+过去式 2. I wish I had followed your advice. 我要是早听你的劝告就好了。 wish（that）+主语+had done 3. I wish you would go hiking with me this weekend. 这个周末你要是能跟我去远足就好了。 wish（that）+主语+would+动词原形
3. If I ________ with her last summer, I ________ with her now. A. worked; am getting on very well B. had worked; would get on very well C. had worked; would have got on very well D. had worked; will get on very well 本题由last summer可见if从句是对过去情 况的假设，由now可见主句是对现在情况 的虚拟，所以if从句中谓语动词该用过去完 成时，主句谓语动词该用would do
单项选择
1. What would have happened if you ________ her child? A. hadn’t helped B. couldn’t help C. wouldn’t help D. didn’t help 题干主句中用了would have happened， 可见是对过去情况的虚拟，所以if从句中应 该用过去完成时。
高中英语之虚拟语气详细讲解
虚拟语气（1）——倒推时态类定义：虚拟语气是一种动词形式，有两种意思 1.表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等（非真实条件状从和让步状从）2.表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议（名词性从句：主宾表同）使用情景 1.用来表达一个假设或纯粹的意愿（与事实相反或不太可能实现）（如果我是宇航员，我要在月球上跳舞）2.用来缓和语气，使句子更委婉、礼貌、得体（如果你能接受我的邀请，我将不胜感激）3.表示烦恼、不耐烦等情绪（你要是能考上大学，全家都烧高香了）4.表示适度的责备或批评（如果你那时更耐心点，现在我们都成功了）5.表示美好的祝愿或祝福（祝你成功）1.虚拟条件句一般虚拟条件句混合虚拟语气（错综时间条件句）定义：条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为发生的时间不一致例子：If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.如果那时你听了我的建议，现在已经好了If it hadn’t been for you, I would have to make another trip there tomorrow.如果不是你的话，我明天还要再走一趟。
If you had studied hard before,you would be a college student now.如果你以前努力学习的话，你现在就是大学生了。
省略+倒装当虚拟条件句的谓语动词中含有were，should，had时，if可以省略，并将were,should,had提前于句首，变为倒装句。
如果虚拟条件句是否定句，not 保留在原处If he should agree to go there, we should send him there.= Should he agree to go there,we should send him there.If she were there,she would agree with us.= Were she were, she would agree with us.If he had learnt about computers,we would have hired him.= Had he learnt about computers,we would have hired him.含蓄虚拟条件句定义：有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件状语从句，而是通过其他手段来代替条件从句分类：1) but for....=(If it+be not for) ；without；Without your help ,we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.= But for your help,we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.= If it hadn’t been for your help,we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.没有你的帮助，我们不可能完成任务。
高中英语——虚拟语气语法讲解
高中英语虚拟语气语法讲解
高中英语虚拟语气语法讲解
虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。
在条件句中的应用，条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。
非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
一、虚拟语气在从句中的使用
虚拟语气即表达不可能发生或与预期相反的情况。
首先我们应熟悉它在三种时态里的使用情况，这是正确使用虚拟语气的基础。
这三种时态是：现在；过去；将来。
If it were not for their help, we should be in a very difficult position.
如果不是他们的帮忙，我们就会处于一个非常困难的境地。
如果我们早一点动身的话，就不会误车了。
If she hadn’t been ill, she might have come. 如果她不是病了，可能会来的。
高中英语Unit 2 Poem知识讲解 虚拟语气(2)教案
虚拟语气（2）编稿：牛新阁审稿：王春霞概念引入上一单元我们学习了虚拟语气中与现在、将来事实相反的虚拟条件句及宾语从句的虚拟语气。
本单元要继续学习虚拟语气中与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，及虚拟语气在其它从句中的应用。
首先，我们先看下面含虚拟语气的句子：1. We would have won, if Jack had scored that goal.2. We would have won if we hadn’t stayed up so late the night before.3. We would have won the championship, if we had got Mr Han to coach us.4. If she had studied harder, she would have got the diploma.这些句子都是与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。
下面我们就来学习这部分内容。
用法讲解与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句虚拟条件句的动词形式从表格可知，虚拟条件句与过去事实相反时，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时，而主句的谓语用would/should/might/could加现在完成时形式。
If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。
（事实：没有听我的话---he didn’t take my advice）If you had e a few minutes earlier，you would have met him.要是你早来几分钟的话，你就见到他了。
（事实：来晚了---you came late）If She hadn’t been so strict with herself, she wouldn’t have made such great progress.她要是对自己要求不严格，她就不会有这样大的进步。
高中英语速成：虚拟语气2(特殊句型)(PPT讲解版)
“伪装”破解方法
【注意】不是标准的虚拟条件句，变通三步推导法的第2步即可。
第1步：判断是否是虚拟
第2步：定时态。（分“主从”→写正常的时态）
①在头脑中，利用前后句意，用中文造出一个标准的虚拟条件句 （如果......, 就......） ②判断该句是隐含的“主句”，还是隐含的“从句” （一般为主句） ③写出此句正常的时态。
利用知识点导图来解题
此部分务必观看视频讲解
DREAM OF THE FUTURE
高考真题1
【高考改错】Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. 【2016新课标2】
答案1
我们先来看一下句意： 一些同学建议我们去附近的名胜古迹。 从建议suggest看出，虚拟句的标志，后面需要用should + do；并且should可以省略。
without their support.
【例句2】她(当时)本来要帮你的，但她当时太忙。
第1步：事实上，她没有帮（help）你，于是可以判断是虚拟；她当时的确很忙，所以不是虚拟。
第2步：用正常的时态：She
you, but she was too busy at the time.
第3步：根据 “变态”规律：She
◆ They requested that the error (should) be corrected at once. 他们要求立刻纠正错误。
◆ Our client insisted that payment (should) be made by cash. 我们的客户坚持要现金付款。
◆ He gave us a suggestion that we (should) spend some time in the south. 他建议我们去南方待一段时间。
高中英语语法串讲之虚拟语气
语法串讲之虚拟语气英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。
不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。
虚拟语气的概念虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(常用在条件状语从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(常用在名词性从句中)。
简言之，即：不是事实或不大可能发生的事情，就用虚拟语气来表述虚拟语气的常考形式：1. if 引导的虚拟条件句2. 名词性从句3. 固定句式4. 情态动词表示虚拟5. 可用可不用虚拟语气的情况if 引导的虚拟语气1. If we have chances, we can have further cooperation.-If I have another chance, I will visit China again.if真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况很有可能发生,其中if是“如果”的意思What will you do if it rains tomorrow?I will sleep at home if it rains tomorrow.2. if虚拟条件句表示条件是虚拟的或几乎无法实现的, 采用虚拟语气if 引导的虚拟条件句1) 与现在事实相反If I had a great deal of money, I would buy a villa (别墅) for my parents.If I were the schoolmaster of Jinhua Middle school, I would let the students get up a little later to get a better sleep.2)与过去事实相反If Yao Jiaxin had driven more carefully, he would not have causedthe car accident in May,2009.If Tom had learnt how to swim, he would not have been trappedon that island for four years.If he had got up earlier , he could have caught the train.与将来事实相反If I met Obama some day, I would shake hands with him. If I were to meet Obama some day, …If I should meet Obama some day, …注意以下问题：1. 错综时间虚拟条件句2. (if省略) 倒装虚拟条件句3. 含蓄条件句1. 错综时间虚拟条件句即：if虚拟条件句与主句的时间不一致。
英语语法专题：虚拟语气的常见类型及用法，你真的都会了吗？
英语语法专题：虚拟语气的常见类型及用法，你真的都会了吗？No.1 虚拟语气的常见类型和句型/group/6810277388153258508/?app=news_article×ta mp=1585672147&req_id=202004010029070100260772131D2A D1E4&group_id=6810277388153258508(1)由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气A.用wish表示对现在的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式(be动词用were)。
B.用wish表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would, could, might+ 动词原形。
C.wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：had+动词过去分词或could, would + have +动词过去分词。
The picture exhibition bored me to death; I wish I had not gone to it.---“I let Joe borrow our radio for the afternoon.”---“That’s all right, but I wish he would buy one of his own.”I wish that he weren’t so lazy.(2)had hoped引起的宾语从句中备用语动词形式为would+动词原形，表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。
His father had hoped that his son would go to business with him, but his son became an artist later.(3)would (had) rather, would as soon, would sooner和would prefer所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况，表示希望或婉转的责备。
高中英语语法复习讲义——虚拟语气文库.doc
高中英语语法复习讲义——虚拟语气一、虚拟语气1）概念虚拟语气用來表示说话人的主观愿累或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
2）在条件句中的应用条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。
非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
二、真实条件句真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中讦是如果的意思。
时态关系句型：条件从句主句一般现在吋shall/will +动词原形If he comes, he will bring his violin.典型例题The volleyball match will be put off if it ____ .A.will rainB. RainsC・ RainedD. is rained答案B。
真实条件句主句为将来吋，从句用一般现在吋。
注意：1）在真实条件句中,主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will.（错）If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.（对）If you leave now, you will never regret it.2)表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。
三、非真实条件句1)时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。
它的基木特点是时态退后。
a・同现在事实相反的假设句型：条件从句主句一般过去时should( would) +动词原形If they were here, they would help you.b・表示于过去事实相反的假设句型：条件从句主句过去完成时should(would) have+过去分词If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful.If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going.If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.高中英语语法复习讲义——虚拟语气更新时间:2013/10/14 19:09:42发布者:佚名一、虚拟语气1)概念虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
虚拟语气讲解(整理)
（3）虚拟语气在 在主语从句中
A.在句型 “It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... ” 中，that 后面的从句中的谓语动词 用： should + 动词原形
1. 我们有必要出去散散步。 It’s necessary that we should have a walk now.
2.用于表示命令、建议、要求等一类词后面的宾语从句。 insist, order, command, suggest, advise, propose, require, request, demand, desire etc.
We suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.
7. It is of the utmost importance that you ______ here on time. a. be b. shall be c. are to be d. must be
三、虚拟语气在其他从句中
1. It is (high / about ) time that…从句中的谓 语动词用过去式或should＋动词原形，should 不能省略． It is high time that you went / should go to school.
I would rather you told me the truth. I would rather you had gone there last Sunday.
4. as if ( as though) 看起来 常用虚拟形式，即 表示与现在事实相反，用过去式；与过去事实相反 用过去完成式 (had done).
高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结
高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结虚拟语气通常用于表达与现实相反的假设情况。
在非真实条件句中，虚拟语气的形式有两种：与现在事实相反的假设和与过去或将来事实相反的假设。
与现在事实相反的假设通常使用if+主语+助动词的过去式（如were。
did。
had）+动词原形，主句则使用XXX动词原形。
例如：If I had time。
I would XXX。
如果我有时间，我会参加会议。
与过去或将来事实相反的假设则有三种形式：①if+主语+动词过去式；②if+主语+wereto+动词原形；③if+主语+should+动词原形（注意不能是would）。
主句同样使用XXX动词原形。
例如：If you had taken my advice。
you would not have failed in the exam。
如果你听了我的建议，你就不会在考试中失败了。
在错综时间条件句中，动词形式要根据表示时间的状语从句作出相应的调整。
另外，在条件句中可以省略if，把were、had、should提到句首，变成倒装句式。
例如：Were I at school again。
I would study harder。
如果我还有上学的机会，我会更加努力研究。
Had you arrived earlier。
you would have caught the bus.If it rains tomorrow。
XXX climbing.What would you do with a n dollars?We couldn't have finished the work ahead of time without your help.Otherwise。
I would have taken part in the sports meeting.XXX me of your birthday。
or else I would have known nothing about it.A man who s drinking water would be dead in about seven days.I might have been XXX assistance。
2024版虚拟语气语法高二高中虚拟语气课件
与过去事实相反
从句用过去完成时，主句用 would/should/could/might +
have + 过去分词。
与将来事实相反
从句用一般过去时或should + 动词原形（should可省略），主
句用 would/should/could/might +
动词原形。
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条件状语从句
与现在事实相反
从句用一般过去时，主句用would/should/could/might + 动词原 形。
与过去事实相反
从句用过去完成时，主句用would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词。
与将来事实相反
从句用一般过去时或should + 动词原形（should可省略），主句用 would/should/could/might + 动词原形。
省略句中的虚拟语气
在特定的上下文或情景中，为了避免重复或使语言更简洁，可以省略虚拟条件句中的某些成分。例如：If only I had known! (我要是早知道就好了！)
插入语中的虚拟语气
插入语是一种独立成分，通常用于对句子进行补充说明或表达说话人的态度。在虚拟语气中，插入语可以 表达与事实相反的情况或假设条件。例如：I wish, as if it were possible, that you could stay a little longer. (我希望，好像有可能似的，你能多待一会儿。)
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主语从句中虚拟语气的特殊形式，如“It is/was+形容词/过去分词+that 从句”结构中的虚拟语气。
2024版年度高中虚拟语气
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在某些特定的固定句型中，如"lest"，"in ca…
例如，"He took an umbrella lest it rain."（他带了一把伞以防下雨。）
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总结回顾与拓展延伸
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关键知识点总结回顾
虚拟语气的定义 表示说话人的主观愿望、假想、建议 等，所说的话不是客观存在的事实。
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时态和语态在虚拟语气中变化规律
2024/2/3
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条件从句中使用一般过去时（be 动词用were），主句使用
would/should/could/might+ 动词原形。
与过去事实相反
条件从句中使用过去完成时，主 句使用
would/should/could/might+h ave+过去分词。
与现在事实相反的虚拟语气
与过去事实相反的虚拟语气
使用动词的过去式（be动词用were）表示对 现在情况的假设或想象。
使用动词的过去完成式表示对过去情况的假 设或想象。
与将来事实相反的虚拟语气
错综时间虚拟语气
使用动词的过去式（be动词用were）或 should/would/could/might + 动词原形表 示对将来情况的假设或想象。
当条件状语从句与主句所指时间不一致时， 动词形式应根据各自所指的时间作出相应调 整。
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与其他语法现象对比
虚拟语气与陈述语气
陈述语气用于陈述事实，而虚拟 语气用于表达非真实情况。
【高中英语】虚拟语气 高中英语语法精讲精练
【高中英语】虚拟语气高中英语语法精讲精练【高中英语】虚拟语气-高中英语语法精讲精练虚拟语气指说话人的主观愿望、猜测、建议或假设与事实不符。
虚拟语气可分为三种类型：（1）一般虚拟语气（2）混合虚拟语气（3）特殊句型一．一般虚拟的构成：(省略if,要将should/were/had提到句首)(1). 对于当前虚拟机：if+S.+did/weresh，S.+will/can/should+doifihadtime,iwouldattendthemeeting.如果是你，我就可以出国。
(2)对过去的虚拟：if+s.+had+p.p,s.+would/could/shouldhave+p.p如果你接受了建议，你就不会失败。
(3)对将来的虚拟：如果+s.+did/were/shoulddo/weretodo，那么s+will/shoulddos/coulddos。
ifyoucametomorrow,wewouldhavethemeeting.如果明天12点，港口将关闭。
注意：hadwemadegoodpreparations,wemighthavesucceeded.如果不下雨，我们就出去散步了。
wereiyou,iwouldnotdosuchathing.二、混合虚拟：（1）不同时间的虚拟：ifhehadlistenedtome,hewouldnotbeintroublenow.如果他今天看电视，我就不知道该做什么。
(2)虚拟与陈述的混合：他可以通过考试，但他没有通过考试。
三．特殊句式：他建议我们为将来存钱。
（法官的判决）(2)itissuggested/advised/ordered/requested/requiredthat–clause(shoulddo/do)(主语从句)（3）我的建议/建议/请求/要求该条款（shoulddo/do）hissuggestion/advice/request/requirementthat–clause(shoulddo/do)is..（同位语从句）（4）索赔（shoulddo/do）的意思是惊讶、怀疑、遗憾、不满等，这真是令人惊讶/必要/奇怪。
英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结
虚拟语气:表示说的话不是事实，不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况，表达一种愿望、建议、假设。
一、条件状语从句中的用法简单记法：if were/did, would doif had done, would have doneif were to do/should do, would do举例：If I were you, I would do nothing about it.If you had taken your teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t have made such a mistake.If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低)，they wouldn’t go shopping.附注：虚拟语气，条件状从倒装状语从句中，去掉if, 提前were/ had/ should如：If I were you, I would give up.→Were I you, I would give upIf you had taken the advice, you would have….→Had you taken the advice, you would have…If the world should come to an end,……→Should the world come to an end……另外，without, but for, otherwise构成的条件状语从句中，也有含蓄的虚拟语气But for the popularization of electricity, we would lead a whole different life today.(popularization 普及，publicity 宣传)Without your help, I would have failed.We’ll go earlier, otherwise we wouldn’t get a seat. （表示可能性小）但其实，高中英语考试也常考：错综虚拟语气条件句即：假设条件状从发生的时间与所假设的谓语动词不一致，此时，主句和从句要根据各自的时间而定。