期末复习二2

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【精编】2019学年沪教版五年级第一学期数学第20讲-期末复习(二)(含答案)

第20讲—期末复习（二）（一）上次课课后巩固作业处理，建议让学生互批互改，个别错题可以让学生进行分享，针对共性的错题教师讲解为主。

（二）上次预习思考内容讨论分享本学期后两章易错题整理一、判断题(对的在括号内打"√"，错的打"×").（1）两个面积相等的三角形可以拼成一个平行四边形。

( )（2）两个面积相等的三角形，它们的底和高一定相等。

( )（3）梯形的面积等于梯形的上底加下底的和乘以高再除以2。

( )（4）两个面积相等的梯形可以拼成一个平行四边形。

( )（5）两个同底等高的三角形，形状相同，面积相等。

( )二、填空题（1）一个三角形的面积是4.8m2，与它等底等高的平行四边形的面积是（）（2）三角形一条边长是4.5分米，这条边上的高是8.6分米；另一条边长是3分米，则这条边上的高是( ).（3）一个平行四边形，底为8分米，高2分米.如果底不变，高增加2分米，则面积增加( )；底和高都扩大5倍；它的面积扩大( ).（4）一个梯形的面积是76平方厘米，下底是12厘米，上底是8厘米，梯形的高是( )厘米。

（5）一个梯形的上底是2厘米，下底是4厘米，高是3厘米，求梯形面积的算式是（）。

当下底缩短到2厘米时，梯形变成（），这时的面积是（）平方厘米；当上底等于0时，梯形变成（），这时的面积是（）平方厘米。

三、选择题（1）两个完全一样的三角形，可以拼成一个（）。

A.长方形B.正方形C.梯形D.平行四边形（2）一个三角形，它的任意一条边上的高都是它的对称轴，这个三角形是（）。

A.直角三角形 B.钝角三角形 C.等腰三角形 D.等边三角形（3）一个直角三角形的两条直角边分别是3厘米和4厘米，斜边是5厘米，那么斜边上的高是（）。

A.2 厘米 B.2.4厘米 C.3厘米 D.2.5厘米（4）从平行四边形的一个顶点向对边可以作（）条高。

A.一B.两C.四D.无数（5）如图，ABCD 是一个直角梯形，AECD 是一个平行四边形，DF 是梯形的高。

二年级上册数学讲义-期末复习(二)-人教版(含答案)

期末复习（二）学生姓名年级学科授课教师日期时段核心内容长度单位、角的初步认识、观察物体课型一对一/一对N教学目标1、认识厘米和米，掌握用尺子量物体的方法2、初步认识线段，了解线段的基本特征，学会用尺子量线段的长度，并学会画线段（限整厘米）3、结合生活实际估测物体的长度4、初步认识角，知道角的各部分的名称，掌握角的特征，并能判断角，画角5、掌握直角、锐角、钝角的特征，并会用三角尺正确判断，会画直角6、能辨认从不同位置观察到的立体实物所看到的平面图形重、难点重点：1,2,4,5难点：3,5课首沟通1、检查学生的作业，及时指点2、通过沟通了解学生的思想动态，关心孩子近几天的学校或家里的生活，促进与孩子的关系。

3、了解孩子的课程进度，对孩子在本周学校课程中存在困惑的地方及时进行答疑解惑。

知识导图课首小测1.量较长的物体或距离时，通常用( )作单位。

2.用尺量较短的物体时，通常用( )作单位。

3.一个角是由( )个顶点和( )条边组成的。

4.三角形有( )个顶点，( )条边。

5.正方形有( )个顶点，( )个角， ( )条边。

6.从( )个点起，用( )向不同的方向画( )条线，就画成一个( )。

7.角的大小与角的两条边叉开的大小（）关系，两边叉开的越大，角就( )。

（1）有多少棵？ 8. 直接写得数（1）9×4＝ 5×5＝ 7×6＝ 2×8＝（2）35＋40＝ 63－60＝ 6＋9＝ 56－8＝（3）3×8＋8＝9×1＋8＝82－7－30＝6×8－8＝9. 动物乐园。

（2）有多少朵？（3）你还能提出哪些用乘法计算的问题？请提出来并解答。

导学一：长度单位知识点讲解1例 1. （考点1：厘米和米的认识）在括号里填上合适的长度单位。

（1）一座桥长约80（）（2）一支铅笔长约12（）例 2. （考点2：测量和画线段的方法）先量出下面这条线段的长度，再画一条比它长2厘米的线段。

人教版小学数学四年级下册期末复习(二)(含答案)

期末复习（二）学生姓名年级学科授课教师日期时段核心内容观察物体（二）；三角形；图形的运动（二）课型一对一/一对N教学目标1、能分辨较复杂物体从不同角度所观察到的图形，培养空间观念2、掌握三角形的特性，认识三角形的分类以及特点3、掌握轴对称与平移的概念，会画出运动后的图形，会画图形的对称轴重、难点重点：教学目标1、2、3 难点：教学目标2、3课首沟通你知道三角形的特性吗？你能说出三角形的几种分类以及特点吗？能说出你所知道的一些轴对称图形吗？举几个例子。

知识导图课首小测1.[单选题] 做房屋的屋架是运用了三角形的( )A.有三条边的特性B.易变形的特性C.稳定不变形的特性2.[单选题] 不是轴对称图形的是（）。

A.WB.AC.ED.S3.把对应的图和观察的方向连起来。

4.一个三角形，两个角的度数分别是30°和40°，另一个角的度数是（）度，这是一个（）三角形。

5.一根铁丝可以围成一个边长是12厘米的正方形，如果改围成一个等边三角形，那么，等边三角形的边长是多少厘米？导学一：观察物体知识点讲解 1：在同一位置看到相同的视图的不同摆法，以及从不同位置观察不同物体可能看到的视图。

例 1. 下面各幅图分别是从哪个方向看到的图形？( )面( )面( )面例 2. 画出下面三幅图的三视图。

我爱展示1.摆一摆，画出从前面、上面和左面看到的图形。

2.下面各幅图分别是从哪个方向看到的图形？( )面( )面( )面3. 请你填一填。

①②③从侧面看是图A的有( )，从侧面看是图B的有( )。

4. 数一数，下面的物体是由几个正方体摆成的？（）个（）个（）个导学二：三角形知识点讲解 1：三角形的特性、分类与三角形的高三角形的高：从三角形的一个顶点到它的对边作一条垂线，顶点和垂足之间的线段叫做三角形的高，这条对边叫做三角形的底边。

三角形可以作3条高。

例 1. [单选题] 自行车的三角架运用了三角形的（）的特征。

期末复习测试二2022-2023学年人教版英语八年级上册

2033--2023年度八年级英语期末复习二一、单项选择1. —My lifestyle is ________ from my good friend's. —You're right. There are some ________．A. different; differentB. different; differencesC. difference; differentD. difference; differences2. Oh, I forgot ________ my ruler with me. Can I use yours?A. bringB. broughtC. to bringD. bringing3.-＿＿＿＿are you relaxing at home?一At least a monthA.How oftenB.How longC.How farD.How soon4.-＿＿＿＿are you going to be a violinist?-I'm going to practice the violin every day.A.WhereB.WhatC.WhenD.How5. The chair is broken. Please ____ who broke it.A. look forB. findC. find out1.We are looking forward _________Yao Ming one day.A．to meeting B．meetingC．to meet D．meet6.—Tony, there ________ an important meeting next Monday.—OK. I’ll be here on time. And we usually ________ meetings on Monday.A．is going to have; have B．is going to be; have C．will have; will be D．will be; will have7. The picture is very ________ that one. There are onlya few differences.A. strict withB. worried aboutC. similar toD. different from8. —Is the film interesting?—I thought it would be. But ________，it's very boring.A. in factB. in allC. such asD. because of9．—Look, a cute bird, Mom.—It flew into our living room ________ the window just now, Alex.A．across B．through C．above D．under 10．—Look at the dark clouds, and the wind is blowingstrongly.—It ______that a big storm is coming.A．sounds B．seems C．feels D．smells11. —Do you enjoy ________ in this city?—Yes, I do.A. to liveB. livingC. liveD. to living12. Larry is different ________ his classmates. He's always quiet.A. forB. fromC. toD. on13．Li Lei is as ________ as his father.A．funny and outgoing B．more funnier and outgoing C．funnier and more outgoing D．more funny and outgoing 14．Mum, I don’t have _________ to play with. Can I have a pet?A．somebody B．anybody C．everybody D．nobody15. He dressed up ____ a clown(小丑) at the party.A. forB. asC. inD. to16. The officer told Tom not to leave the job. Because nobody can ____.A. take his placeB. taking his momC. taking the place of himD. to take place17.I used to ______ by train, but now I am used to ______by plane.A．travel, travel B．travelling, travelling C．travel, travelling D．travelling, travel18.Sun Yang _________ by his coach to train regularly. A．was advised B．advisesC．advised D．be advised19.It's very clever________you________such adifficult problem.A．for; solve B．for; to solve C．of; solve D．of; to solve20. Peter can’t ____ the soap operas but he doesn’t ____ comedies.A. mind; standB. like; mindC. stand; mindD. mind; like二、完形填空Kate, Cindy and Kevin are good friends. Today they takesome __21__ and other things to the East Hill. They wantto have a __22__ there. Now it’s 11：00. It’s time__23__ lunch. Kevin is hungry(饿的), but he can’t havelunch now. The lunch isn’t ready. Kevin __24__ Kateto cook with him. But they don’t have any water. Kevinwould like Cindy to get some water, but Cindy is not very __25__. She can’t __26__ water at all. So Kevin has to get some __27__ by himself. Then Kate and Cindy cook the food. The __28__ isn’t very nice, but they are very __29__. After lunch, they sing some English songs. They have a good ___30___ on the hill. They go home in the afternoon.21．A．books B．money C．food D．clothes 22．A．Lesson B．game C．dance D．picnic 23．A．to B．for C．of D．with 24．A．asks B．sends C．calls D．talks 25．A．tall B．fat C．strong D．short 26．A．drink B．have C．carry D．watch 27．A．rice B．water C．flower D．milk 28．A．Breakfast B．lunch C．dinner D．supper 29．A．Friendly B．angry C．sad D．happy 30．A．fun B．party C．meal D．time三、阅读理解AI have a lot of friends. My best friend is Mai. She is16 years old. She is 2 years older than me. We live in the same town and we began to know each other when wewere very young. Now we are classmates. Mai is tall and thin, with long black hair. She has an oval face(椭圆的脸) with big eyes, a high nose and a small mouth. Mai is helpful(乐于助人的). When her friends have difficulties, she always tries her best to help them. Mai is one of the best students in our class. I like studying with her. She always helps me with my studies. Although we have the same hobbies and interests, we also have some differences. I am sociable and enjoy telling jokes. Mai, however, is serious and quiet. We believe in each other, so we are good friends. I hope we can keep our friendship forever(永远)．1. The writer is ________ years old.A. 12B. 14C. 16D. 182. The underlined word “sociable” means “________”in Chinese.A. 爱交际的B. 喜怒无常的C. 沉默的D. 没有耐心的3. The writer and Mai can be friends because they ________.A. live in the same townB. look like each otherC. have everything in commonD. believe in each other4. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Mai is tall and heavy.B. Mai is outgoing and likes talking.C. Mai and the writer are in the same class.D. The writer often helps Mai with her studies.5. What does the writer think of Mai?A. She is a lazy girl.B. She is a nice girl.C. She is too serious.D. She is kind of ugly.BLots of kids hate school，a new study found. Usually this kind of feeling doesn't last long.But what happens if you feel this way too much? School is a fact of life and getting a good education can help you build the kind of future life you want. So let's talk about school and what to do when you don't like it．If you don't like school，the first step is to find outwhy. You might not like school because you don't have enough friends，or maybe you don't get along with your teacher. Sometimes it's a big problem with your classes and schoolwork. You may be getting farther and farther behind，and it may seem like you'll never catch up. When you know why you don’t like school，you can start taking steps to make things better. It’s a good idea to talk to someone about your problems with school. Your mom，dad，teacher or school counselor(顾问) will be able to help you. Another good idea is to write down your feelings about school in a notebook. It‘s a great way to let out emotions(情绪)．Remember， you don't have to share what you've written with others.( )6.Lots of kids ________according to the writer. A．like school very much B．are good at reading and writingC．don't like doing homework D．have the thought of hating school( )7.What does the underlined word “it” refer to(指的是)in the first paragraph?A．A good education. B．School.C．Future life. D．Friendship.( )8.f you don't like school，the first step is to ________.A．find out why B．go to see a doctor C．ask your parents for help D．leave school for a short time( )9.How many reasons why you don't like school are given by the writer?A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.( )10.When you start taking steps to make things better，one of the good ideas is to ________. A．keep silent about your problemsB．share what you've written with othersC．write down your feeling about schoolD．get along well with your classmates四、用所给词的适当形式填空1. His sister is quieter and more serious than most ________(kid)．2．Next week a speech on art __________(give) by an artist in our school.3. His words make me ________(feel) better.4. I was ________ (luck) that day. I missed the bus.5. That's why I like ________(share) my toys with her.五、句型转换1. They had an English party last Sunday. (改为否定句)They ________ ________ an English party last Sunday.2. We all love this city because it has delicious food. (改为同义句)We all love this city ________ ________ its delicious food.3.You can close the door.(改为否定句)You ________ ________ the door.4．I gave Maria some chocolate. (改为一般疑问句)________ you ________ Maria ________ chocolate?5．I have something to tell you. （改为一般疑问句）________ you have ________ to tell me?六、书面表达。

期末复习题(二)参考答案

1.请参见图示。

所有交换机都配置有默认的网桥优先级。

如果所有链路都在相同的带宽下运行，哪两个端口将成为STP根端口？（选择两项。

）交换机A的Fa0/1 接口交换机A的Fa0/2 接口交换机B的Fa0/1 接口交换机B的Fa0/2 接口交换机C的Fa0/1 接口交换机C的Fa0/2 接口2.下列有关交换机上无标记帧的说法中，哪两项正确？（选择两项。

）无标记帧无法通过接入端口。

无标记帧无法通过中继端口。

所有通过中继端口的帧都是无标记帧。

无标记帧可最大程度降低因检查VLANID 标记而造成的延迟。

在802.1Q中继端口处接收到的无标记帧是本征VLAN的成员。

3.下列哪三种说法与PPP封装和CHAP身份验证相关？（选择三项。

）CHAP以明文发送口令。

CHAP 通过重复询问进行检验。

PPP封装是在接口模式下配置的。

CHAP 通过双向握手建立链路。

PPP封装是Cisco路由器的串行接口采用的默认封装。

CHAP 使用基于M D5 哈希算法的询问/响应方法。

4.某组织计划通过增加五个分支机构来扩张规模。

扩张后，该组织需要将新建的分支机构安全、不间断且同时地连接到中心办公室。

中心办公室路由器上只有一个可用端口。

在这种情况下，可以使用哪种WAN 技术？PPPISDN帧中继模拟拨号5. 哪两种说法正确描述了RSTP？（选择两项。

）是一种C isco 专有协议可在不到1秒的时间内重新计算生成树。

需要交换机端口上具有PortFast 和UplinkFast 功能。

支持四种状态：阻塞、侦听、学习和转发。

要求交换机之间采用全双工、点对点连接，以便达到最快的重新计算速度。

6.哪两种说法正确描述了RIPv1和RIPv2？（选择两项。

）两种协议都会将整个路由表从所有参与的接口广播到255.255.255.255。

两种协议都会每隔30秒从所有活动接口向外通告路由更新。

两种协议都具有相同的管理距离值120。

两种协议都可以关闭自动总结。

三年级下册期末复习(二)——句子专题

三年级下册语文期末复习（二） ——句子专题
打死不能乱用的“把”和“被”
一天我上被司教巡室访打下扫来干，净问了一。捐官：“现在百姓如何?”我捐被官香赶蕉紧吃回了答。:“白杏只有两棵，红杏倒是不少”。上司说：“我问的是黎庶?”捐宫又回答：“梨树甚多，结果颇少。”
教室把我打扫干净了。
香蕉把我吃了。
“把”字句
这些句子怎么了？
·那位阿姨有一双大大的眼睛，披着一双长头发。一杏天只上有·司两在巡棵郊访，区下红，来杏我，倒看问是见一不牛捐少奶官”在：。吃“上草现司。在说百：姓“如我何问的?”捐是官黎赶庶紧?”回捐答宫:又“白回答：“·梨老树师甚一多笔，一结划果地颇批少改。着”我们。
·我有一天下了一场大雨。
有两棵，红杏倒是不少”。上司说：“我问的是黎庶?”捐宫又回答：“梨
树2甚.多扩，充结果的颇词少语。”要跟原句的词语搭配得当。 3.添加的成分要注意排列顺序。
扩句与缩句
扩句
在句子主要成分的前后添上适当的附加成分，如同在句子的“主干” 上“添枝加叶”，加以修饰、限制或补充，使句子的意思表达得更加完整、具体、生动。
造纸术是我国古代四大发明。
常见病句类型——褒贬不分
一天上司巡访下来，问一捐官：“现在百姓如何?”捐官赶紧回答:“白
杏只有两我棵们，红的杏李倒是老不师少”像。狐上司狸说一：样“我聪问明的是。黎庶?”捐宫又
回答：“梨树甚多，结果颇少。”
修改病句的原则
1.病因要查明。
一天上司巡访下来，问一捐官：“现在百姓如何?”捐官赶
少。”
气象小组的同学每天早上都记录并收听当天的天气预报。
病句闯关
4.那里有名贵的各种花草。（修改病句）
1.下列词语中，没有错别字的是（

八年级数学下册期末复习2勾股定理作业课件新版新人教版

【思路点拨】(1)由 AB＝ 26 ＝ 12＋52 ，AD＝ 17 ＝ 12＋42 ，结合网格与勾股定理可确定点 A；(2)求出 BC2，
CD2，BD2，再利用勾股定理逆定理即可判断；(3)设点 C 到 BD 的距离为 d，根据 S△BCD＝BC·CD＝BD·d 求解可得．
【解答】(1)如图，四边形 ABCD 即为所求，其面积为 5×5 －12 ×5×1－12 ×2×4－12 ×1×4－12 ×(1＋3)×1＝1312 ； (2)是，∵BC2＝22＋42＝20，CD2＝12＋22＝5，BD2＝3 BCD＝90°； (3)2.
CD2＋BD2 ＝ 242＋72 ＝25，∴PA＋PB 的最小值＝PB＋ PC＝BC＝25 千米．
解此类题的关键在于运用几何知识正确找到符合条件的 P 点的位置，会构造 Rt△BCD，勾股定理把三角形中有一个直角的“形”的特征，转化为三边“数”的关系，因此它是数形结合运用的一个典范． A
3．如图，在笔直的高速公路旁边有 A，B 两个村庄，A 村庄到公路的距离 AC＝8 km，B 村庄到公路的距离 BD＝14 km，测得 C，D 两点的距离为 20 km，现要在 CD 之间建一个服务区 E，使得 A，B 两村庄到 E 服务区的距离相等，求 CE 的长．
解：设 CE＝x，则 DE＝20－x，由勾股定理得：在 Rt△ACE 中，AE2＝AC2＋CE2＝82＋x2，在 Rt△BDE 中，BE2＝BD2 ＋DE2＝142＋(20－x)2，由题意可知：AE＝BE，所以：82＋ x2＝142＋(20－x)2，解得：x＝13.3.所以，E 应建在距 C 点 13.3 km 的位置，即 CE＝13.3 km.
正方形网格中的两个格点之间的距离可以用勾股定理求出．勾股定理的逆定理是证明一个角等于 90°的一种思路．

三年级第二学期期末复习2——解决问题

三年级第二学期期末复习2——解决问题（2022.06.15周三完成）1、熊猫一天吃15千克食物，大象一天吃的食物比熊猫吃的18倍还多6千克。

大象一天吃多少千克的食物？2、熊猫一天吃15千克食物，长颈鹿实际一天吃的食物加上3千克，就是熊猫吃的4倍了。

长颈鹿实际一天吃多少千克食物？( )A 15X4+3B 15X4-3C 15×33、学校购买30套课桌椅（每套课桌椅中含一张桌子和一把椅子）共用去7290元，一张课桌145元，一把椅子多少元？4、如图，一板酸奶有8罐，一罐酸奶3元，5板这样的酸奶需要多少钱？5、图书馆新进160本书，放在2个书架上，每个书架有4层，平均每层放几本？6、如图，小胖从家走到学校要用8分钟。

他用同样的速度从家走到电影院要多少时间？7、学校需要采购6个足球，某品牌足球原价每个160元，现在甲、己两商店都对该品牌足球进行促销话动．(1）甲商店的促销话动：每个降价40元．现在买6个这样的足球要多少元？(2）乙商店的促销活动：买二赠一（即买两个足球，送一个同样的足球）。

现在买6个这样的足球要多少元？8、进阶练习（1）知道下面条件中的，就可以求出：“运来的薯片一共要多少钱”.（请写出符合条件的序号）①一共运来50箱薯片②每罐薯片8元③12罐薯片一箱④还有120箱薯片没有运来（2）六一儿童节，四1班要为每一位同学购买同一款蛋糕各一块，单买一块12元，如果购买一盒（每盒中有同款蛋糕6块）70元，四1班有45名学生，最少要花多少元？（3）儿童剧表演的门票价格是每张26元，学生购票可以有两种优惠方案（如下图），王老师要为三1班44名学生每人买一张票，哪种方案更省钱？一共要多少元？两种优惠不可同享：优惠一：每满1000元减200元（不满1000元不减）优惠二：40人以上每人优惠5元（不满40人不优惠）。

2022-2023学年北京市中国人民大学附属中学高二年级上册学期期末复习(二)数学试题【含答案】

2022-2023学年北京市中国人民大学附属中学高二上学期期末复习（二）数学试题一、单选题1．设复数，是z 的共轭复数，则（）3i1i z +=-z z z ⋅=A ．-3B ．-1C ．3D ．5【答案】D【分析】先利用复数的除法化简，进而得到共轭复数，再利用复数的乘法运算求解.【详解】解：∵，()()()()3i 1i 3i 12i 1i 1i 1i z +++===++-+∴，．12i z =-()()2212i 12i 125z z ⋅=+-=+=故选：D ．2．已知向量，，且，则实数的值为（）．(),2,1a m =()1,0,4b =-a b ⊥m A ．4B ．C ．2D ．4-2-【答案】A【分析】依题意可得，根据数量积的坐标表示得到方程，解得即可.0a b ⋅=【详解】解：因为，，且，(),2,1a m =()1,0,4b =-a b ⊥ 所以，解得.40a b m ⋅=-+=4m =故选：A3．抛物线的准线方程是（）22y x =A ．B ．C ．D ．12x =12x =-18y =18y =-【答案】D【分析】先将抛物线方程化为标准形式，再根据抛物线的性质求出其准线方程.【详解】抛物线的方程可化为x 2y12=故128p =其准线方程为y 18=-故选：D4．已知双曲线C ：有相等的焦距，则22221x y a b -=2215x y +=C 的方程为（）A ．B ．2213x y -=2213y x -=C ．D ．22193x y -=22139x y -=【答案】B【分析】根据椭圆的焦距可得双曲线C ：的焦距，根据双曲线C ：2215x y +=22221x y a b -=2c求得，即可得出答案.22221x y a b -=ba =222c ab =+22,a b【详解】解：因为双曲线C ：22221x y a b -=所以，ba =b =椭圆的焦距为，2215x y +=4所以双曲线C ：的焦距，即，22221x y a b -=24c =2c =又因，解得，所以，2222234c a b a a =+=+=21a =23b =所以C 的方程为.2213y x -=故选：B.5．如图是抛物线形拱桥，当水面在l 时，拱顶离水面2米，水面宽4米，水位下降1米后，水面宽（）米．A ．B ．C ．D ．【答案】B【分析】通过建立直角坐标系，设出抛物线方程，将A 点代入抛物线方程求得m ，得到抛物线方程，再把B （x 0，﹣3）代入抛物线方程求得x 0进而得到答案．【详解】如图建立直角坐标系，设抛物线方程为x 2＝my ，将A （2，﹣2）代入x 2＝my ，得m ＝﹣2∴x 2＝﹣2y ，B （x 0，﹣3）代入方程得x 0，=故水面宽为．故选：B ．6．如图，已知正方形所在平面与正方形所在平面构成的二面角，则异面直线ABCD ABEF 60︒与所成角的余弦值为（）．AC BFA ．B ．CD 1412【答案】A【分析】根据题目条件可知，即为平面与平面构成二面角的平面角，将异面直EBC ∠ABCD ABEF 线与所成角的余弦值转化成直线方向向量夹角余弦值的绝对值即可.AC BF 【详解】根据题意可知，即为平面与平面构成二面角的平面角，所以EBC ∠ABCD ABEF ，60EBC ∠= 设正方形边长为1，异面直线与所成的角为，AC BF θ，，AC AB BC =+ BF BE EF =+EF BA ==- 所以()))(()(BF BE E AC AB BC AB BC F BE AB +==++- 即210(1)11cos 6002BF BE B AC AB AB BC BC E AB =-+-=+-+⨯⨯-=-所以；4c os 1,A A BF BF B C AC C F==-= 即，1cos cos ,4F AC B θ==所以，异面直线与所成角的余弦值为.AC BF 14故选：A.7．对于直线：（），现有下列说法：l 10ax ay a +-=0a ≠①无论如何变化，直线l 的倾斜角大小不变；a ②无论如何变化，直线l 一定不经过第三象限；a ③无论如何变化，直线l 必经过第一、二、三象限；a ④当取不同数值时，可得到一组平行直线．a 其中正确的个数是（）A ．B ．C ．D ．1234【答案】C【分析】将直线化为斜截式方程，得出直线的斜率与倾斜角，可判断①正确，④正确；由直线的纵截距为正，可判断②正确，③错误．【详解】直线：（），可化简为：，即，则直线的斜率l 10ax ay a +-=0a ≠210x y a +-=21y x a =-+为，倾斜角为，故①正确；直线在轴上的截距为，可得直线经过一二四象限，故1-135︒y 210a >②正确，③错误；当取不同数值时，可得到一组斜率为的平行直线，故④正确；a 1-故选：C8．已知是椭圆的两个焦点，若椭圆上存在点满足，则的12F F ，22:18x y C m +=C P 1290F PF ∠=︒m 取值范围是（）A ．B ．(][)0,216,+∞ (][)0,416,+∞ C ．D ．(][)0,28,+∞ (][)0,48,+∞ 【答案】B【分析】利用圆的直径所对圆周角为，将椭圆上存在点满足，转化为以90︒C P 1290F PF ∠=︒为直径的圆与椭圆有交点，即可求解.12F F 【详解】解：若椭圆上存在点满足，只需满足以为直径的圆与椭圆有交点，C P 1290F PF ∠=︒12F F即,即，122F F b c ≤=22b c ≤当时,椭圆的焦点在轴上,此时，则，解得：，8m <x 2228,,8a b m c m ===-8m m ≤-4m ≤当时，椭圆的焦点在轴上，此时，则，解得：.8m >y 222,8,8a m b c m ===-88m ≤-16m ≥综上，.(][)0,416,m ∈+∞ 故选：B【点睛】本题考查椭圆的基本性质，属于较易题。

期末复习二（含答案）

期末复习⼆（含答案）期末复习（⼆）易混词语填空1. a/an/theA. There's "u" and _____ "s" in _____ word "us".B. There is _____ young man and _____ old man in the photo. ______ old man is _____ young man's father.2. one/onesA. I don't like this skirt. Show me that _____.B. The new skirts are mine. The old _____ are yours.3. by/with/in/useA. Jay can sing the song _____ either Chinese or English. How great!B. I won't believe it until I see it _____ my own eyes.C. We usually ______ a ruler to draw a straight line.D. Miss Zhao goes to work ______ bike.4. put on/wear/in/dressA. The twins don't always _____ the same clothes,B. The woman _____ a red hat is our new English teacher.C. It's very cold today. Please _____ more clothes when you go out.D. Mother is ______ my baby sister now.5. other/another/the other/others/the othersA. Those shoes are too small for me. Would you show me _____ pair?.B. There are six people in the room. Three are girls, _____ three are boys.C. He is always helping _____.D. There are many books in the box. Ten of them are mine, _____are my sisler's,E. Mr Liu and Miss Sun and four ______ teachers are teaching this class.6. look for/find/find outA. Please try to _____ who stole the computer.B. Please help me _____ my mobile phone, I can't _____ it.7. look/read/see/watchA. _____ at the picture! What can you ______ in it?B. I'll _____ a book instead of _____ TV tonight.8. take/bring/carry/getA. The woman was _____ a big bag. Let's help her.B. Next lime when you come, _____ me the book,please.C. Who's _____ away today's newspaper?. I haven't read it yet.D. Go and _____ me some water, rm thirsty.9. each/everyA. "_____ of them speaks a foreign language." means _____ one of them speaks a foreign language."B. There are some big shops on _____ side of the street.10. problem/questionA. What is the biggest _____ in the world? Can you answer this _____ ?B. The _____ is that he's always asking me such foolish _____.11. sometime/sometimes/some time/some timesA. Please read the text _____ until you can recite it.B. I will go shopping _____ tomorrow.C. He waited for _____ then left.D. They _____ play football after school.12. may be/maybeA. Tom, ______ you are right.B. The mon over there ______ Li Lei's English teacher.13. have been to/have been in/have gone toA. They ______ Beijing for five years,B. They ______ Beijing three times.C. ---- Where're they? ---- They ______ Beijing.14. that/which/whoA. This is the best film _____ has been shown this year.B. You can take any seat _____ is free.C. Is there anything ______ I can do for you?D. Those ______ know the answer, put up your hands.E. The teacher, ______ comes from England, speaks English.⼀、单项选择1. ---Your dress is very beautiful, Mary. --- ____.A. Not at allB. Just so-so.C. No, it isn’t.D. Thank you2. We_____ spend too much time in watching TV.A. told don'tB. told not to .C. were told not toD. were told to not3. He said he ___ never seen _____ an exciting football match before.A. has, soB. has, suchC. had, soD. had, such4. We study five days week and on Sundays we often play ____football.A. a；theB. 不填；aC. an；aD. a；不填5.____John ____ Jack may go with you because one of them must stay at home.A. Neither；norB. Both；andC. Either；orD. Not only；but also6. He told me that he _____ here for five minutes.A. has comeB. had arrivedC. had beenD. came7. ---_____ are the Olympic Games held？. ---Every four years..A. How oftenB. WhenC. How soonD. How long8. You won't pass the exam ____ you study hard.A. ifB. when .C. afterD. unless9. ---Could I use your bike？---Yes，of course you _____.A. canB. couldC. mustD. will10. All of us preferred ________ to ________ there by bus.A. walking; goB. to walk; goC. to walk; goingD. walking; going11. I've given you everything ____ I have.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. whom12. Forty minutes _______ for the children to finish all the work.A. is quite a long timeB. are quite long .C. was a quite long timeD. were quite long time13. ______ of us has read the story，so we know nothing about it.A. SomeB. BothC. NoneD. All14. ---Would you like some more rice? . ---Yes，Just ______.A. a fewB. fewC. a littleD. little15. ---Look! That man looks like Mr Brown. ---It _____ be him，for he _____ America.A. can't；has gone toB. may not；has goneC. mustn't；has been toD. can't；has been to16. Jim with his parents _____ abroad. They ____ back in two weeks.A. have gone；will comeB. has gone；will comeC. have been to；have comeD. has been；come17. ______ he failed in the maths exam again，______ he never gave up.A. Because，soB. Because，/C. Although，butD. Although，/18. ---Would you mind my opening the windows? ---_____.A. Sorry. I wouldn'tB. No，of course notC. It doesn't matterD. Yes，please19. ---Why not come and join us in the game? ---_____. But I must meet Mr Smith at his office now..A. I'd like toB. Let's goC. Yes，pleaseD. It's a pleasure20. ---Will you please show me the photo of your family? ---OK. I will ____ it here tomorrow.A. takeB. catchC. bringD. carry21. Keep _______，and you'll succeed.A. to tryB. triesC. tryingD. tried22. ---I hear Tom is working hard at his lessons. . ---I'm ______ he will pass the exams this time.A. afraidB. surprisedC. sureD. sorry⼆、补全对话A: Hi, Jenny. What are busy with these days?B:Oh, I am busy practicing playing tennis . You know, I will take part in an important competition next month. I am trying my best to get the first1.______________ in the championship.A: I hope you will be as lucky as Li Na, the newest2._____________ in Australian Open Tennis Championship. B: Thanks alot. Actually, I am one of her fans. Did you see the3._______________ match between Li Na and Domimika Cibulkova?A: Of course. I was excited when Li Na got the champion at last. Because she was the first Asian who won the Australian Open4._______________ Championship in one hundred year history. It’s believed that every Chinese will be proud of her. B: I agree with you. I am 5.________________ by her final speech at the court in public.A: What did she say?B: She said a lot to thank her team members, her coach, especially her husband. Although her husband was more famous than her as a tennis coach, he gave up 6.________________ and just practiced with her with great patience every day. She thought she was lucky enough to get the help from all of them.A: She is right. Nobody can succeed7._____________________. We need to work with others and share the success with them.B: Yes, 8._______________________ me as an example. My coach and teammates work hard with me from morning to night. We all try hard to do the best. I hope I can be successful in the competition.9.________________ I win, I will also appreciate them and share the happiness with them.A: Best wishes to you! I believe your dream of becoming the champion will come10.___________.different living things, but in the past, t he number was 2______________ .In the beginning perhaps only one.” Darwin waited a long time before he put these things into a book. He always tried to add more and more facts; he wanted his ideas about evolution（进化）to be right.It 3____________ him many years to write the book. On the first day, people brought every copy. The men of churches fought 4______________ Darwin’s ideas. His story of the world was different from 5___________. So 6_________________ Darwin or the men of the churches must be wrong. B ut the churches didn’t bring any new facts, or better ideas. They only brought angry words.Later, Darwin wrote a book about the evolution of man. He said that man is 7_____________ a kind of animal. And again, Darwin didn’t just write dow n his own ideas. He filled his book with facts. We know now 8________________ he was right. There have been men for more than a million years. We 9______________ some of their bones. Bones have told us about the evolution of living things.Like any other animal, man slowly changed 10_____________ time. But we can’t find the bones of men from a few million years ago. There weren’t any men at that time. But the bones can take us backwards (向后) through time into the past. And they can help us with our study of the evolution of life.四、阅读填空Literature is a word used to describe written as well as spoken material. Generally speaking, it is often used to describe anything from creative imagination, including works of poetry, drama and fiction.Then why read literature, since it is often imaginary and seems unconnected with real life?A lot of us re ad literature for enjoyment and relaxation. It’s always pleasant to read some interesting b ooks in our spare time. In a modern life full of stress, it is our common wish to read some imaginary works and look for relaxation from the stress in life.Reading literature is more than fun; it also allows us to get knowledge. As a general rule, literature represents a language of a people, and it often gives us an insight(洞察⼒) into the traditions, attitudes and values of the age in which it was written. Sometimes literature can even offer us new, creative ways to have a better understanding of the world. It introduces us to new worlds of experiences. We enjoy the comedy and the tragedy of poems, stories and plays; and we may even grow through our literary journey with books. At last we may discover meaning in literature by looking at what the writer says and how he or she says it. In some ways, we explore the human condition and analyze(分析) the way they think and feel the way they feel. Literature helps us think clearly and encourages us to open minds.So we can certainly say literature is of great importance to us. Why not get going with one poem, drama or期末复习（⼆）⼀、单选1-5 DCDDC 6-10 CADAD 11-15 BACCA 16-20 BDBAC 21-22 CC⼆、补全对话Place / prize ,champion/ winner, final/ newest , Singles, impressed/ moved, everything/ working, alone, take, If ,true 三、选词填空1,_studied_ 2, _smaller__ 3,_took__ 4,_against__ 5,_theirs__6,_either__ 7, _also__ 8,_that___ 9,__have found__ 10,_through__四、阅读填空56. Why 57. imagination 58. Poetry 59. Reasons/Purposes/Aims/Goals60. keep 61. knowledge/information 62. understand63. how 64. clear 65. important。

六年级语文上册期末复习(二) 词语PPT

生命给了你芬芳的丁香，给了你幽怨的丁香结。
A. 即使也 B. 不管还C. 不但而且 D. 因为所以
解析：根据句意，这里应该选择表示递进关系的关联词。
C
13. 结合语境选词填空，最恰当的一项是（ C ）
李白和杜甫相处的时间极短，却互相，并将文人间这
种的友谊保持终生。两人曾结伴同游，于山水。分手
B. 风雪中盛开的梅花，不是在孤．芳．自．赏．，而是在向人们展示着坚忍与
不屈的品格。
C. 设计师别．有．用．心．的设计，使他的作品成为展台上的亮点。
D. 古厝的门窗经过翻新，许多传统图案真是巧．夺．天．工．，精美至极。
解析：“别有用心”含贬义，与句子中对设计师作品的正面评价不符，
使用不恰当。
C
10. 下列加点的词语都与“艺术”有密切的联系，其中使用错误的一项
“注意词句积累”的结果，使用不恰当。
11. 下列句子中，关联词使用恰当的一项是（ A ）
A. 这种从瑞士引进的花皮茄子，不仅价格便宜，而且味道鲜美。
B. 哪怕敢于担当，勇挑重担，改革也能取得成功。
C. 内河整治既然遇到重重困难，就不能停下来。
D. 干事业，即使需要精气神，也需要俯下身子踏实干。
A
解析：A项，“不仅……而且……”表示递进关系，用于描述花皮茄子
缩短
增长
枯竭
缩短
增长
枯竭
愿望
身体
危机
愿望
身体
危机
勾勒
愁怨
凝望
7. 仔细观察下面几组词语，用一个字概括每组词语所包含的意思。（1）峰峦雄伟拔地而起危峰突兀（险）（2）鸦雀无声悄然无声无声无息（静）（3）狼吞虎咽争先恐后气喘吁吁（急）8. 趣填“说”“话”成语。（1）我来“说”。① 多而流畅地说——口若（悬河）② 乱而无序地说——语无（伦次）③ 有趣而连贯地说——娓娓（道来）④ 呆而结巴地说——（张）口（结）舌

期末专项复习(二) 运动与能量—2020秋教科版八年级物理上册课件(共28张PPT)

m 处相遇
甲地到乙地全长 60 km，汽车从甲地出发，以 30 km/h 的速度行驶 15 km 后，接着又以 45 km/h 的速度行驶到乙地。汽车从甲地到乙地的平均速度为多少千米每小时？
解：汽车在前 15 km 行驶的时间： t1＝vs11＝3105kkmm/h＝0.5 h，汽车在后一段行驶的路程：
甲、乙两同学从同一地点同时向相同方向做直线运动，他们通过的路程随时间变化的图像如图所示，由图像可知，下列说法正确的是( B )
A.两同学在 0～15 s 内都在做匀速直线运动 B.在 0～10 s 内，乙同学的速度为 10 m/s C.在 0～20 s 内，两同学的平均速度相等 D.在 0～15 s 内，乙同学追上甲同学并在 100
s2＝s－s1＝60 km－15 km＝45 km，
行驶的时间：
t2＝vs22＝4455kkmm/h＝1 h，
汽车从甲地到乙地的平均速度：
v＝st＝0.560h＋km1
＝40 h
km/h。
答：汽车从甲地到乙地的平均速度为 40 km/h。
分层作业
1．下列实例中，说明分子不停地做无规则运动的是( A ) A．香水瓶打开盖后，满屋充满香味 B．汽车驶过后，公路上扬起灰尘 C．将泥沙放入水中，水变混浊了 D．扫地时，太阳光下能看到大量尘埃做无规则运动
考点类型
游客乘坐在橡皮艇中沿河顺流而下，下面几种说法中正确的是 ( D)
A．以橡皮艇为参照物，河水是静止的 B．以河水为参照物，游客是静止的 C．以岸边的树为参照物，客是静止的 D．以游客为参照物，橡皮艇是静止的
如图所示，甲、乙两辆车都做匀速直线运动，甲的速度_大__于___乙的速度，18 s 时乙通过的路程是___1_8___m。

高中生物必修二期末复习题二答案

高中生物必修二期末复习题二基础知识填空1.减数分裂的特点是染色体只复制次,而细胞分裂次,导致染色体数目 ;2.精原细胞通过分裂增殖,通过分裂形成精子;3.减数第一次分裂的主要特征：①同源染色体联会形成；②四分体中的发生交叉互换；③分离,分别移向细胞两极;4.减数第二次分裂的主要特征：每条染色体的分裂, 分开,分别移向细胞的两极;5.1个四分体包含条染色体, 条染色单体, 个DNA分子;6.卵细胞的形成场所是 ;7.卵细胞与精子形成过程的最大区别在于初级卵母细胞和次级卵母细胞的分裂是的;8.1个精原细胞能产生个精子,而1个卵原细胞只能产生个卵细胞;9.导致配子中染色体组合多样性的原因：①同源染色体分离的同时, 染色体的自由组合；②同源染色体上间发生交叉互换;10.受精卵中的核遗传物质一半来自父方,一半来自母方,但细胞质基因几乎全部来自方;11. 和共同维持生物体细胞中染色体数目的恒定;12.基因和染色体行为存在着明显的关系;13.基因在染色体上呈性排列,一条染色体上有基因;14.基因分离定律的实质是随同源染色体的分开而分离;15.基因自由组合定律的实质是随同源染色体分开而分离的同时,基因自由组合;16.萨顿的“基因与染色体行为存在平行关系”的假说运用了法;17.摩尔根的果蝇杂交实验利用了法;18.XY型性别决定的生物,雌性的性染色体组成为 ,雄性为 ;19.ZW型性别决定的生物,雄性的性染色体组成为 ,雌性为 ;20.位于上的基因所控制的性状,在遗传上总是和相关联,这种现象叫做伴性遗传;21.伴X隐性遗传病的遗传特点：①性患者多于性患者；②女性患者的一定是患者；③交叉遗传;22.伴X显性遗传病的遗传特点：①性患者多于性患者；②男性患者的一定是患者;一、选择题1．在雄性果蝇的精巢中,下列细胞内一定含有2条Y染色体的是A．精原细胞有丝分裂后期B．初级精母细胞减数第一次分裂后期C．初级精母细胞四分体时期D．次级精母细胞减数第二次分裂后期2．下列有关遗传现象的叙述,不正确的是A．由于配子的多样性和受精作用的随机性,使同一双亲的后代呈现多样性B．母亲是红绿色盲基因的携带者,由于交叉遗传,儿子一定患红绿色盲C．自然状态下,公鸡体内有两条同型性染色体,母鸡体内有两条异型性染色体D．通过观察蝗虫精母细胞减数分裂固定装片中的染色体形态、位置和数目来判断细胞分裂所处的时期3．如图为某种遗传病的家系图,请计算出Ⅱ2与Ⅱ3子女的发病概率是A．错误!B．错误!C．1 D．错误!4．下列关于人类性别决定与伴性遗传的叙述,正确的是A．性染色体上的基因都与性别决定有关B．性染色体上的基因都伴随性染色体遗传C．生殖细胞中只表达性染色体上的基因D．次级精母细胞中一定含有Y染色体5．下列关于孟德尔遗传规律的现代解释错误的是A．非同源染色体上的非等位基因的分离和组合是互不干扰的B．同源染色体上的等位基因具有一定的独立性C．同源染色体上的等位基因分离,非等位基因自由组合D．同源染色体上的等位基因分离,非同源染色体上的非等位基因组合6．右图表示细胞分裂的过程,n代表果蝇配子的染色体数;下列有关该细胞分裂的叙述不正确的是A．不属于人的体细胞的有丝分裂B．在细胞分裂中出现着丝点分裂C．可发生在卵细胞的形成过程中D．可发生在次级精母细胞的形成中7．果蝇红眼对白眼为显性,控制这对性状的基因位于X染色体;果蝇缺失1条Ⅳ号染色体仍能正常生存和繁殖,缺失2条则致死;一对都缺失1条Ⅳ号染色体的红眼果蝇杂交亲本雌果蝇为杂合子,F1中A．白眼雄果蝇占1/8 B．染色体数正常的红眼果蝇占1/4C．红眼雌果蝇占1/4 D．缺失1条Ⅳ号染色体的白眼果蝇占1/48．如图是一个血友病伴X隐性遗传遗传系谱图,从图可以看出患者7的致病基因来自A．1B．4C．1和3D．1和49．家蚕的性别决定为ZW型雄性的性染色体为ZZ,雌性的性染色体为ZW;正常家蚕幼虫的皮肤不透明,由显性基因A控制,“油蚕”幼虫的皮肤透明,由隐性基因a控制,A对a是显性,位于Z染色体上;以下杂交组合方案中,能在幼虫时期根据皮肤特征,区分其后代幼虫雌雄的是A．Z A Z A×Z A W B．Z A Z A×Z a WC．Z A Z a×Z A W D．Z a Z a×Z A W10．一个含AaBbCc三对同源染色体的精原细胞,减数分裂形成的4个精子不考虑交叉互换,染色体组合可以是A．AbC、ABc、ABC、abc B．ABc、ABC、aBC、aBCC．ABC、abc、aBC、Abc D．ABc、ABc、abC、abC11．若观察到一个动物细胞中正处于染色体两两配对,你认为正确的判断是A．这个细胞可能来自肝脏B．此时细胞的染色体上含有染色单体C．此时细胞中的染色体数和DNA分子数均为体细胞的二倍D．染色单体的形成和染色单体变成染色体发生在同一个细胞中12．果蝇中,正常翅A对短翅a为显性,此对等位基因位于常染色体上；红眼B对白眼b为显性,此对等位基因位于X染色体上;现有一只纯合红眼短翅雌果蝇和一只纯合白眼正常翅雄果蝇杂交,则F2中A．表现型有4种,基因型有12种B．雄果蝇的红眼基因来自F1的父方C．雌果蝇中纯合子与杂合子的比例相等D．雌果蝇中正常翅个体与短翅个体的比例为3：113．已知果蝇的红眼W对白眼w为显性;现有两只红眼果蝇杂交,得到♀50只全部红眼,♂50只红眼24只,白眼26只;据此可推知双亲的基因型是A．Ww×Ww B．Ww×wwC．X W X w×X W Y D．X W X W×X W Y14．人们在野兔中发现了一种控制毛色为褐色的基因T位于X染色体上;已知没有X染色体的胚胎是不能存活的;如果褐色的雌兔染色体组成为XO与正常灰色t雄兔交配,预期子代中褐色兔所占比例和雌、雄之比分别为A．3/4与1：1 B．2/3与2：1C．1/2与1: 2 D．1/3与1: 115．某女孩是红绿色盲患者,其母亲是血友病患者,医生在了解这些情况后,不需做任何检查,就能判定该女孩的父亲和弟弟的表现型是A．两者都是色盲患者B．两者都是血友病患者C．父亲是色盲患者,弟弟是血友病患者D．父亲是血友病患者,弟弟是色盲患者16．以下细胞中既有同源染色体,又含有染色单体的是①有丝分裂中期细胞②有丝分裂后期细胞③减数第一次分裂中期细胞④减数第二次分裂中期细胞⑤减数第一次分裂后期细胞⑥减数第二次分裂后期细胞A．①③⑤B．②③④C．①③④D．④⑤⑥17.右图表示正在进行分裂的某二倍体生物细胞,下列说法正确的是A．此细胞为次级精母细胞B．此细胞含同源染色体2对、DNA分子4个、染色单体0条C．此细胞正在进行等位基因分离、非等位基因自由组合D．此细胞产生的子细胞中仅1个具有生殖功能18．下列叙述中,不正确的是A．在生物性状遗传中,基因分离定律和基因自由组合定律同时起作用B．具有同型性染色体的生物,发育成雌性个体,具有异型性染色体的生物发育成雄性个体C．同一个体在不同时刻产生的精子或卵细胞,染色体数一般相同,染色体组成一般不同D．性染色体上的基因符合伴性遗传的特点,同时也遵循孟德尔遗传规律19．如图表示雄果蝇进行某种细胞分裂时,处于四个不同阶段的细胞Ⅰ～Ⅳ中遗传物质或其载体①～③的数量;下列表述与图中信息相符的是A．Ⅱ所处阶段发生基因自由组合B．Ⅲ代表初级精母细胞C．②代表染色体D．Ⅰ～Ⅳ中的数量比是2：4：4：120．下图表示果蝇在不同生命活动过程中,细胞内染色体的变化曲线,下列叙述不正确的是A．只有a、d两过程中含有染色单体B．b过程不含同源染色体C．b和d过程中可发生姐妹染色单体的分开D．c过程进行的是受精作用21．一对同卵孪生姐妹分别与一对同卵孪生兄弟婚配,其中一对夫妇头胎所生的男孩是红绿色盲,二胎所生的女孩色觉正常,另一对夫妇头胎所生的女孩是红绿色盲患者,二胎生的男孩色觉正常,这两对夫妇的基因型是A．X B X B×X b Y B．X B X b×X B YC．X b X b×X B Y D．X B X b×X b Y22．下列各项中,能证明基因与染色体具有平行关系的实验是A．摩尔根的果蝇杂交实验B．孟德尔的豌豆一对相对性状的杂交实验C．细胞的全能性实验D．孟德尔的豌豆两对相对性状的杂交实验23．基因型为AaBb两对基因独立遗传的一个初级精母细胞和一个初级卵母细胞分别产生的精子和卵细胞的基因型的种类数量比是A．4：1 B．3：1C．2：1D．1: 124．下列关于减数分裂的叙述中,正确的是①所有能够进行有性生殖的生物都能进行减数分裂②减数分裂的过程是由原始的生殖细胞形成成熟的有性生殖细胞的过程③减数分裂的特点是细胞中的染色体复制一次,细胞连续分裂两次④减数分裂的结果是成熟生殖细胞中的染色体数目比原来的减少一半⑤减数分裂是一种特殊的有丝分裂,同样具有一定的细胞周期A．①②③④B．②③④⑤C．①③④⑤ D.①②③④⑤25．下图是一种伴性遗传病的家系图,下列叙述错误的是A．该病是显性遗传病,Ⅱ4是杂合子B．Ⅲ7与正常男性结婚,子女都不患病C．Ⅲ8与正常女性结婚,儿子都不患病D．该病在男性人群中的发病率高于女性人群26．二倍体生物细胞有丝分裂和减数分裂过程中DNA的含量的变化如下图甲、乙、丙所示;图中的①～④均涉及DNA分子减半,其原因完全相同的是A．①②B．①③C．②④D．③④第Ⅱ卷二、非选择题27.图甲为某二倍体动物雌雄异体体内一个正在分裂的细胞图;图乙为细胞分裂过程中每个细胞中核DNA分子的数量变化;图丙表示在细胞分裂的不同时期每条染色体上DNA含量的变化情况;1图甲细胞处于________期;图甲细胞中有同源染色体________对;2图甲细胞分裂后所产生的子细胞名称是________;3由图甲细胞可知该动物的体细胞中有________个DNA分子;4图甲细胞对应于图乙的________段,图丙的________段;5基因的自由组合发生在图乙的________段;6图甲细胞中①染色体上的基因为R,②染色体上的基因为r,造成这种差异的原因可能是________时期同源染色体非姐妹染色单体间发生了交叉互换;28．绵羊的毛色有白色和黑色两种,且白色对黑色为显性;实验小组以毛色为观察对象,进行杂交实验,结果如下表所示相关基因分别用B 、b表示：杂交组合第一组第二组第三组黑♀×白♂黑♀×白♂第一组的F1雌雄交配杂交后代的表现白色毛♀3♂3 ♀2♂2 ♀7♂7 黑色毛0 ♀2♂1 ♀2♂31从实验结果可以看出这对性状的遗传符合________定律,第二组中的父本的基因型最可能为________;2第三组的实验结果中白色毛个体与黑色毛个体为数目之比不是31,其原因是________;3相关基因是否位于X染色体上 __________________________________________;用第一组的表现,说明你判断的依据：__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________;若相关基因位于Y染色体上,则第二组的实验结果应该为___________________________;29．已知果蝇中,灰身与黑身为一对相对性状显性基因用B表示,隐性基因用b表示；直毛与分叉毛为一对相对性状显性基因用F表示,隐性基因用f表示;两只亲代果蝇杂交得到以下子代类型和比例：灰身、直毛灰身、分叉毛黑身、直毛黑身、分叉毛雌蝇3/4 0 1/4 0雄蝇3/8 3/8 1/8 1/8 请回答：1控制灰身与黑身的基因位于________染色体上；控制直毛与分叉毛的基因位于________染色体上;2亲代果蝇的表现型为________、________;3亲代果蝇的基因型为________、________;4子代雄蝇中,灰身分叉毛的基因型为________、________,黑身直毛的基因型为________;30.自然界的女娄菜2N＝46为雌雄异株植物,其性别决定方式为XY型,右图为其性染色体简图;X和Y染色体有一部分是同源的图中Ⅰ区段,该部分存在等位基因；另一部分是非同源的图中Ⅱ－1和Ⅱ－2区段,该部分不存在等位基因;以下是针对女娄菜进行的一系列研究,请回答相关问题：1女娄菜抗病性状受显性基因B控制;若这对等位基因存在于X、Y染色体上的同源区段,则不抗病个体的基因型有X b Y b和X b X b,而抗病雄性个体的基因型有________;2现有各种表现型的纯种雌雄个体若干,期望利用一次杂交实验来推断抗病基因是位于X、Y 染色体的同源区段还是仅位于X染色体上,则所选用的母本和父本的表现型分别应为____________________;预测该实验结果并推测相应结论：①________________________________________________________;②______________________________________________________________;31．一个自然繁殖、表现型正常的果蝇种群,性别比例偏离较大,经研究发现该种群的基因库中存在致死基因,它能引起某种基因型的个体死亡;从该种群中选取一对表现型相同的雌雄果蝇相互交配,F1中有202个雌性个体和98个雄性个体;请回答：1导致上述结果的致死基因具有________填“显”或“隐”性致死效应,位于________染色体上;让F1中雌雄果蝇相互交配,F2中出现致死的几率为________;2从该种群中任选一只雌果蝇,用一次杂交实验来鉴别它是纯合子还是杂合子,若出现雌、雄比例为________,则说明该雌果蝇为杂合子,若出现雌、雄比例为________,则说明该雌果蝇为纯合子;27.1减数第二次分裂后02精细胞或第二极体344ef DE5de6四分体解析1图甲细胞中无同源染色体,且着丝点断裂,应处于减数第二次分裂后期;2图甲细胞均等分裂,所产生的子细胞应该是精细胞或第二极体;3图甲细胞产生的配子中含有2条染色体,由此可知该动物的体细胞中有4个DNA分子;4图甲细胞处于减数第二次分裂后期,且每条染色体含1个DNA分子,应对应于图乙的ef段,图丙的DE段;5基因的自由组合发生在减数第一次分裂后期,对应图乙的de段;6正常情况下姐妹染色单体上的基因应该相同,出现不同基因的原因可能是四分体时期同源染色体非姐妹染色单体间发生了交叉互换;28.1分离Bb2统计样本太少,容易偏离理论数值3否若为伴X染色体遗传,第一组后代中的雄性应该全部表现为黑色毛,而实际情况不是这样后代雄性全部为白色毛解析1一对等位基因的遗传,符合基因的分离定律;因为第二组杂交后代中黑色毛个体与白色毛个体的比例接近11,所以可以认为白色雄性亲本为杂合子;2孟德尔定律中的31的分离比,是在大量后代的基础上统计出来的;如果统计的对象的数量比较少,其结果往往偏离理论值;3如果是伴X染色体遗传的话,黑色雌性个体的基因型应该是X b X b,那么后代中的任何一个雄性个体都应该是黑色毛;29.1常染色体X染色体2雌蝇灰身直毛、雄蝇灰身直毛3BbX F X f BbX F Y4BBX f Y BbX f Y bbX F Y解析1由表中信息可知无论在雌雄中灰身黑身＝31,说明该性状和性别无关,故应位于常染色体上,灰身是显性,黑身是隐性;而分叉毛在雌蝇中没有,只在雄蝇中表现,说明该性状与性别有关,应是位于X染色体上;2和3子代中灰身黑身＝31,说明亲本是Bb和Bb,子代中雌性无分叉毛,而雄性中分叉毛直毛＝11,说明亲本雌性是杂合子,雄性是显性,故是X F X f和X F Y,因此亲本是BbX F X f和BbX F Y,表现型是雌蝇灰身直毛、雄蝇灰身直毛;4灰身的性状是BB或Bb,分叉毛是X f Y,故应是BBX f Y和BbY f Y;黑身的性状是bb,直毛是X F Y,故黑身直毛的基因型为bbX F Y;30.1X B Y B、X B Y b、X b Y B2不抗病雌性、抗病雄性①子代雌株与雄株均表现为抗病,则这种基因位于X、Y染色体上的同源区段②子代雌株均表现为抗病,雄株均表现为不抗病,则这种基因只位于X染色体上解析1由于女娄菜抗病基因位于X、Y染色体上的同源区段,因此抗病雄性个体的基因型有三种类型：X B Y B、X B Y b、X b Y B;2验证抗病基因是位于X、Y染色体的同源区段还是仅位于X染色体上,所采用的方法是选用显性的雄性个体和隐性的雌性个体杂交,如果子代雌株均表现为抗病,雄株表现为不抗病,则这种基因只位于X染色体上；如果子代雌株与雄株均表现为抗病,则这种基因位于X、Y染色体上的同源区段;31.1隐X1/8 2 2∶11∶1。

八年级英语上(牛津版)期末复习二—语法综合2—阅读综合2

语法易错题PracticeI. Choose the best answer. (选择最恰当的答案)1. I have just watched a good film about ______ elderly fisherman in Guilin.” （2013徐汇一模）A. aB. anC. theD. /2. Have ______try, and maybe you will win the free tickets to Italy? （2013徐汇一模）—Sure, I’d love to.A. anotherB. The otherC. otherD. others3. Meeting different people ______ help children learn to get along with others.A. shouldB. needC. mayD. must4. You’d better book the tickets as early as possible, ______ they will be sold out soon.A. andB. butC. soD. or5. Every year the world’s top tennis players ______ to Shanghai to compete against each other.A. comeB. will comeC. have comeD. comes6. After the conversation with the teacher, Jenny’s mother looked a little ______.（2013徐汇一模）A. happinessB. happierC. happyD. happily7. The policeman caught the drunk driver, but he didn’t remember ______ the old lady.A. knock downB. to knock downC. to knocked downD. knocking down8. That rude man seldom uses kind words, ______ ?A. does heB. isn’t heC. was heD. hasn’t he9. You must do something to prevent your house ______.A. to be broken inB. from being broken inC. to break inD. from breaking in10 .I’m sorry I forgot ______ your dictionary. Let’s borrow one from Li Ming.A. to takeB. takingC. to bringD. bringing11. He finished his homework, and then he went on ______ a letter.A. writeB. writingC. withD. to write12. You didn’t need ______ him the news; it just made him sad.A. tellingB. tellC. to tellD. that you would tell13. I meant ______ you, but I was so busy.A. to call onB. calling onC. to call atD. calling at14. It is no good ______. You should give______.A. to smoke, it upB. smoking, it upC. smoking, up itD. to smoke, up it15. — Why are you late?— My bike broke down. I had it ______.A. repairedB. repairsC. repairD. Repairing16.He __________back until the work __________ done.A. isn't; will beB. isn't; isC. won't be; will beD. won't be; is17. We have ______ computer at ______ home, and we’re going to buy ______ second one.A. a…the…theB. the…\...theC. a…\...theD. a…\...a18. Would you please show me the way to the ______ shop.A. shoeB. shoesC. shoe’sD. shoes’19. --How far is your restaurant from here?--Not very far. It’s about fifteen ______ walk.A. minute’sB. minutesC. minuteD. minutes’20. Could you give me some books to read? ______ will do.A. AnyoneB. Any oneC. EveryoneD. Every one21. Mary Lee is ______ old. She works in a hospital.A. 21-yearB. 21 yearC. 21 yearsD. 21-years22.Tom has ______ one-eye dog.A. aB. theC. /D. An23. - Do you know when Dr. White __________ for dinner this evening?- No, but I think he __________ when he is free.A. will come, comesB. will come, will comeC. comes, comesD. comes, will come24. - Did you watch the movie Nanjing! Nanjing in the school hall last night?- Yes, though it __________ hard all the time.A. is rainingB. was rainingC. has rainedD. had rained25.I have three cousins. One is in Grade 6，______ is in Grade 7 and ______ is in Grade 8.A. other; the otherB. another; the otherC. the other; the thirdD. the other; anotherHomeworkI. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案)1. -What are they talking about? ()-They are talking about ______.A. what to eat dinnerB. when to eat dinnerC. where to eat for dinnerD. what will they eat2.It’s nice ______ her ______ so. ()A. for, to sayB. for, sayingC. of, to sayD. of, saying3. Their wish is ______ a house of their own. ()A. to haveB. for havingC. haveD. of having4. Mrs. Smith warned her daughter ______ after drinking. ()A. never to driveB. to never driveC. never drivingD. never drive5. Frank is the kind of person who people like to ______. ()A. make friend withB. make friends ofC. make friendsD. make friends with6. Computers______ our life greatly since they came into use many years ago.（2011崇明一模）()A. changeB. have changedC. will changeD. would change7. The lady is always ______ in white at the party.（2011宝山一模）()A. wearingB. dressingC. wornD. dressed8. This book ______ everybody. ()A. is known byB. is known forC. is known toD. is known as9. They ______ their classroom to welcome the coming Christmas tomorrow afternoon. （2011金山一模）()A. decorateB. will decorateC. are decoratingD. decorated10. How long ago ______ playing soldiers? ()A. have you stoppedB. had you stoppedC. did you stopD. do you stop11. Since 1978, great changes ______ in China. ()A. took placeB. have been taken placeC. have taken placeD. are taken place12. Since you don’t want to go, I ______ alone. ()A. will goB. goC. wentD. have been13. It’s the third time you ______ late this week. ()A. had arrivedB. arrivedC. have arrivedD. arrive14. John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes ______. ()A. openB. to be openedC. to openD. opening15. When I spent holidays Europe, I bought _____ vases. ()A. two lovely big old GermanB. two lovely old big GermanC. two German big old lovelyD. lovely big two old German16. ______ anywhere in the United States costs less than a dollar when you dial it yourself. ()A. Three-minute callB. A three-minutes callC. A three-minute callD. A three-minutes-call17. Of the two cars that the Smiths have, the Plymouth is, without any question, ______. ()A. the cheapest to runB. the cheaper to runC. cheaperD. more cheaper18. —Have you been to ______ United States? ()—No, but I have been to ______ Canada.A. the…\B. \...\C. the…theD. \...the19. The bridge is three hundred ______ long. ()A. feetB. feet’sC. footD. feets20. Please come at ______ time. I’ll show you ______ my stamps. ()A. any, allB. all, anyC. some, someD. any, every21.Even while he was in ______ hospital, he went on writing songs. ()A. aB. anC. theD. /22.He hit his sister in ______ face. ()A. herB. aC. theD. His23. There’s no water in my cup. Could you let me have_______? ()A. a fewB. a littleC. fewD. little24. The man hurried _____aboard while the woman hurried _____hospital. ()A. to; toB. /; /C. to; /D. /; to25. Could you tell me _____? ()A. how much did you pay for the jacketB. how many did you pay for the jacketC. how much you paid for the jacketD. how many you paid for the jacket语法词汇和句型综合PracticeI. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案)1. -Do you know ______ lady in front of the park? ()-Yes, She is ______ university teacher.A. a; anB. the; anC. a; theD. the; a3.This is a photo of ______. I stood between my parents in the photo. ()A. meB. mineC. ID. his3. George’s ambition is ______ an architect when he grows up. ()A. to becomeB. to becomingC. becomeD. will become4. My mother was cooking lunch in the kitchen ______ my father was repairing his car in the garage. ()A. whenB. whileC. ifD. before5. This mobile phone is not expensive. It only ______ me 500 yuan. ()A. costB. spentC. takeD. paid6. China has become the third country______ its astronauts into space after Russia and the US.（2011崇明一模）()A. sendB. sendsC. sendingD. to send7. My school bag is ______ than yours.（2011宝山一模）()A. a little heavierB. heavyC. more heavierD. much heavy8. I will go to Mount Tai with my friends ______ next week. ()A. inB. onC. /D. at9. All the girls went to the Grand Theatre______ my daughter. ()A. exceptB. except forC. besidesD. beside10. I want to know ______. ()A. what the matter isB. what matter it isC. what’s the matterD. the matter is what11. Many students asked ______. ()A. why won’t they allowed to play during lunch breakB. why during lunch break weren’t they allowed to playC. why they during lunch break weren’t allowed to playD. why they weren’t allowed to play during lunch break12. Jenny was too sad to ______ last night. ()A. feel sleepyB. go to bedC. fall asleepD. be asleep13. I can’t afford ______ toy robot. I’ve got ______ money. ()A. more; noneB. to buy; nowC. another; noD. the; none14. ______ the night ______ National Day we can watch many fireworks. ()A. On; /B. On; ofC. In; inD. At; of15. Everyone must be responsible ______ what he has done and said. ()A. toB. forC. inD. at16. ______ anywhere in the United States costs less than a dollar when you dial it yourself. ()A. A three minutes’ callB. A three-minutes callC. A three-minute callD. A three-minutes-call17. Mr. Wang looked up and saw an old man______ beside him. ()A. standB. standingC. standedD. to stand18. I’m sorry that I can’t ______ the lecture at the City Hall? ()A. attendB. take part inC. joinD. enter19. I will tell them the news as soon as they ______ back. ()A. cameB. comeC. will comeD. are coming20. Dad looked very ______. He looked at my report _____. ()A. angry; angryB. angrily; angrilyC. angrily; angryD. angry; angrilyII. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms. (用所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)1. Many slaves buy their__________ with what they save from working. (free)2. I have already checked the bag __________, but there is no sign of your glasses. (two)3. ________, all the money I lost on the train was returned to me. (lucky)4. It’s necessary to ________ the narrow road to avoid traffic jam. (wide)5. It rained so hard that the road was ___________ covered by water soon. (complete)6. There are two changes in the world, __________ (physics) change and __________ (chemistry) change.7. I want to know the history of dinosaurs’ __________. (exist)III. Rewrite the following sentences as required. （按要求改写句子）1. She lay down on her bed. (改为一般疑问句)__________ she __________ down on her bed?2. The man who is fishing by the river is my grandpa. (对划线部分提问)__________ __________ is your grandpa?3. You dislike playing the violin at all. (改为反意疑问句)You dislike playing the violin at all, __________ __________?4. They will get close to the great cliff in a few minutes. (对划线部分提问)__________ __________ will they get close to the great cliff.5. My home is near my school. (保持句意基本不变)My home is __________ __________ my school.6. The tiger gave a roar. The roar made the girl cry. (合并为一句)The tiger gave a roar __________ __________ the girl cry.7. My mother told me. Light travels faster than round.（合并为一句）My mother told me __________ light __________ faster than sound.HomeworkI. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案)1. The man who is wearing a pair of glasses is ______ European scientist, he’ll give us a talk? ()A. theB. /C. aD. an2. ______ of the film is good. I don’t like them. ()A. EitherB. NeitherC. BothD. All3. In the cliff, there were ______ doors. ()A. two-storey-highB. two-storeys-highC. two storeys highD. two storeys high4. --Is this radio ______? ()-- No, it belongs to ______?A. yours; meB. yours; hisC. her; himD. yours; her5. Captain King is thinking of ______ from the cave. ()A. escapeB. escapingC. escapedD. to escape6. Underground trains ______ run ______ planes. ()A. don’t; as quick asB. don’t; as quickly asC. not; as quick asD. not; as quickly as7. Let me pick the fruit, ______ ? ()A. don’t IB. don’t youC. will youD. shall we8. I don’t know ______ life in the future will be like. ()A. whatB. howC. ifD. when9. I will never make mistakes ______ this kind. ()A. ofB. inC. onD. for10. Yesterday morning I got up early ______ be late for the exam? ()A. in order toB. in order to notC. so as not toD. so as to11. The Class Four students had a barbecue in Luxun Park ______ last Sunday. ()A. /B. inC. onD. at12. ______night they usually sit together, talking happily, but ______ the night of last Friday, they had to be busy with the work. ()A. In; onB. At; onC. In; inD. At; at13. The farmers began to work in the fields ______ dawn. ()A. inB. onC. atD. until14. -- It’s kind ______ you to come to see me. ()-- It’s a pleasure. You were so kind ______ me.A. of; withB. for; withC. of; toD. for; to15. ______ the age of fifteen, she had written scores of articles for a magazine. ()A. AtB. BeforeC. SinceD. By16. The monster has a ______ eye. ()A. huge single glowing redB. single huge glowing redC. glowing single red hugeD. single huge red glowing17. I have already spent ______ the money given by my grandmother. ()A. a part ofB. part ofC. a lotD. much18. —Have you been to ______ United States? ()—No, but I have to ______ Canada.A. the…\B. \...\C. the…theD. \...the19. We asked our teacher ______. ()A. how will we have a restB. how we will have a restC. when would we have a restD. when we would have a rest20. – What are you going to do this weekend?-- ______. ()A. I’m thinking of tidying my roomB. Let’s go and watch a filmC. I’m reading a letterD. I have cleaned the flatII. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms. (用所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)1. Don’t eat too much__________ food in the __________ weather. It’s bad for your health. (freeze)2. The shopping centre __________ at 9 a.m. (open)3. I’ll call him as soon as he __________ back next week. (come)4. The __________ bag I bought last Friday is very cheap. (sleeping)5. He __________ the gun at the apple and pressed the button. (aim)6. I’m old enough to have the __________ to do as I like. (free)7. What __________ my sister and I were seeing such a film. (fool)8. The ancient Chinese __________ and calligraphy are priceless. (paint)III. Rewrite the following sentences as required. （按要求改写句子）1. Many people have invited her to perform since she became famous in the Talent Show.(改为被动语态) She ________ ________ invited to perform since she became famous in the Talent Show.2. It seems that all the members are pleased with the decision. (保持句意基本不变)It seems that all the members are ________ ________ the decision.3. You write the answer on the answer sheet. (改为被动语态)The answer __________ __________ on the answer sheet.4. The farmers still worked in the field when the rain started. (同义句转换)The farmers __________ stop working __________ the rain started.5. me, every year, a, sends, Chris, Christmas card (连词成句)____________________________________________________________.阅读理解A. Choose the best answer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）:（2013崇明一模）What was school like in ancient times? In Greece, 2,500 years ago, students used to get up at dawn to go to school. Classes began very early and ended when it was dark. Students didn’t rest on the weekends. They had classes seven days a week, so they didn’t have much time for anything else. In Athens, only the sons of rich people went to school, and they started school around the age of seven. After they learned to read and write, they used to study Greek poems and historical works. Music was very important, and physical training was also important. Teachers used to hit students who didn’t pay attention or were lazy. Girls stayed at home with their mothers and learned how to do housework in the home.In ancient Rome, boys and girls from wealthy families received a bilingual (双语) education. They had to study Greek and Latin. Students usually had classes outside, if the weather was good, or in the teacher’s house. Young students sat on the floor. Older students used to sit on benches, higher up. That’s how “high school” got its name.Education was very important to the ancient Aztecs of Mexico. Boys and girls used to attend school, but they were kept in different classes. They learned Aztec history, myths, and rituals, but they memorized (记住) everything because there weren’t any textbooks. The boys received intensive military training, and the girls learned how to manage the home and the family. There were two kinds of schools: one for children ofrich families and another for children of ordinary families.1. We know from the first paragraph that in ancient Greece.A) classes began very late B) students went to school very lateC) classes ended very early D) students had to study at the weekends2. What was school like in ancient Athens?A) The students didn’t study Greek poems.B) There were no girl students at schools.C) There were no music lessons at schools.D) The students started school at the age of ten.3. The students didn’t learn how to at schools in ancient Athens.A) read B) write C) enjoy music D) do housework4. The second paragraph tells us that .A) older students used to sit on benchesB) only young students had classes outsideC) only boys received a bilingual educationD) girls didn’t have to study Greek and Latin5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the third paragraph?A) Boys and girls were kept in different classes at schools.B) Students learned Aztec history, myths, and rituals at school.C) Boys and girls both received intensive military training.D) Students had to have good memory because they had no textbooks.6. Which of the following might be the best title for this passage?A) Schools in Ancient Times B) Greek Poems and MusicC) Bilingual Education in Rome D) Schools in Ancient Mexico读有所得1. 在古代_____________________2. 在大早上_____________________3. 学会_____________________4.接受双语教育_____________________5.接受密集的军事训练____________________B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文):（2013奉贤一模）Ever since Jonathan had set up the house in Compton Street, he had looked after it very carefully. Before he left the house in the morning, he carefully closed all the doors downstairs, opened some windows to let the air in and locked the front gate. ___1___ Jonathan did was tidy and orderly.One summer evening Jonathan returned home ___2___ at five minutes to seven exactly. When he opened the front gate, he immediately noticed something strange. There was a heavy footprint in the soil in one of the flower beds. Jonathan was just going to blame(责怪) the milkman or the postman when he noticed that one of the curtains in the front room downstairs was not in its usual place. That was too strange! Jonathan ___3___ left anything out of place.He walked up to the front door and opened it quietly. He listened carefully for a few minutes, but he could hear nothing. The front room door was half open. Jonathan thought about it carefully, ___4___ if he had forgotten to close it that morning. He had never forgotten before. He looked inside the room. The shadow(影子) of a man was clearly reflected on (映在) the far wall in the evening sunlight. He had been standing ___5___ the door since Jonathan’s return. Jonathan shut the door quickly and turned the key. Then he picked up the telephone in the hall and called the police.The thief tried to climb through a window to get out, but Jonathan had expected that. He ___6___ him with his umbrella, holding it as a sword(剑). Three minutes later the police arrived there. Jonathan was a little angry that he had to have dinner later than usual, but on the whole he felt quite pleased with himself.1. A) Nothing B) Something C) Anything D) Everything2. A) as usual B) all the time C) right away D) as soon as3. A) always B) never C) often D) seldom4. A) knowing B) guessing C) wondering D) surprising5. A) at B) in front of C) beside D) behind6. A) caught B) attracted C) attacked D) pulledPost-readingPlease write down at least five good sentences. (请写出至少5个好句)1 ________________________________________________________________________2 ________________________________________________________________________3 ________________________________________________________________________4 ________________________________________________________________________5 ________________________________________________________________________C. Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。

湘教版数学七年级下册期末复习(二)整式的乘法

初中数学试卷金戈铁骑整理制作期末复习(二) 整式的乘法各个击破命题点1 幂的运算【例1】若a m ＋n ·a m ＋1＝a 6，且m ＋2n ＝4，求m ，n 的值．【思路点拨】已知m ＋2n ＝4，只要再找到一个关于m ，n 的二元一次方程即可组成方程组求解．可根据同底数幂的乘法法则，由等式左右两边a 的指数相等即可得到．【解答】由已知得a 2m ＋n ＋1＝a 6，所以2m ＋n ＋1＝6，即2m ＋n ＝5.又因为m ＋2n ＝4，所以m ＝2，n ＝1.【方法归纳】对于乘方结果相等的两个数，如果底数相等，那么指数也相等．1．(徐州中考)下列运算正确的是(C)A ．3a 2－2a 2＝1B ．(a 2)3＝a 5C ．a 2·a 4＝a 6D ．(3a)2＝6a 22．若2x ＝3，4y ＝2，则2x ＋2y 的值为6．3．计算：(1)(－2x 3y)2；解：原式＝(－2)2(x 3)2y 2＝4x 6y 2.(2)(－x 2)3·(－x 3)5；解：原式＝(－x 6)·(－x 15)＝x 21.(3)2(x 3)3·x 3－x 2·(x 5)2－(－x)3·(－x 2)4·(－x)．解：原式＝2x 9·x 3－x 2·x 10－x 3·x 8·x＝2x 12－x 12－x 12＝0.命题点2 多项式的乘法【例2】化简：2(x －1)(x ＋2)－3(3x －2)(2x －3)．【解答】原式＝2(x 2＋2x －x －2)－3(6x 2－9x －4x ＋6)＝－16x 2＋41x －22.【方法归纳】在计算多项式乘法时，要注意不漏项，不重项．多项式与多项式相乘，结果仍是多项式，在合并同类项之前，积的项数等于两个多项式项数的积．4．如果(x ＋1)(2x ＋m)的乘积中不含x 一次项，则m 为(A)A ．－2B ．2 C.12 D ．－125．下列各式中，正确的是(B)A ．(－x ＋y)(－x －y)＝－x 2－y 2B ．(x 2－1)(x －2y 2)＝x 3－2x 2y 2－x ＋2y 2C ．(x ＋3)(x －7)＝x 2－4x －4D．(x－3y)(x＋3y)＝x2－6xy－9y2命题点3 适用乘法公式运算的式子的特点【例3】下列多项式乘法中，可用平方差公式计算的是(C)A．(2a＋b)(2a－3b) B．(x＋1)(1＋x)C．(x－2y)(x＋2y) D．(－x－y)(x＋y)【方法归纳】能用平方差公式进行计算的两个多项式，其中一定有完全相同的项，剩下的是互为相反数的项，其结果是相同项的平方减去相反项的平方．6．下列多项式相乘，不能用平方差公式的是(A)A．(－2y－x)(x＋2y)B．(x－2y)(－x－2y)C．(x－2y)(2y＋x)D．(2y－x)(－x－2y)7．下列各式：①(3a－b)2；②(－3a－b)2；③(－3a＋b)2；④(3a＋b)2，能用两数和的完全平方公式计算的有②④(填序号)．命题点4 利用乘法公式计算【例4】先化简，再求值：(2a－b)(b＋2a)－(a－2b)2＋5b2.其中a＝－1，b＝2.【思路点拨】把式子的前两部分分别运用平方差公式和完全平方公式化简．【解答】原式＝(4a2－b2)－(a2－4ab＋4b2)＋5b2＝3a2＋4ab.当a＝－1，b＝2时，原式＝3×(－1)2＋4×(－1)×2＝－5.【方法归纳】运用平方差公式时，要看清两个因式中的相同项和相反数项，其结果是相同项的平方减去相反数项的平方．8．下列等式成立的是(D)A．(－a－b)2＋(a－b)2＝－4abB．(－a－b)2＋(a－b)2＝a2＋b2C．(－a－b)(a－b)＝(a－b)2D．(－a－b)(a－b)＝b2－a29．若(a2＋b2＋1)(a2＋b2－1)＝15，那么a2＋b2的值是4．10．计算：(1)(a＋b)2－(a－b)2－4ab；解：原式＝a2＋2ab＋b2－a2＋2ab－b2－4ab＝0.(2)[(x＋2)(x－2)]2；解：原式＝(x2－4)2＝x4－8x2＋16.(3)(a＋3)(a－3)(a2－9)．解：原式＝(a2－9)(a2－9)＝a4－18a2＋81.命题点5 利用乘法公式计算【例5】(1)如图，请用两种不同的方式表示图中的大正方形的面积；(2)你根据上述结果可以得到一个什么公式？(3)利用这个公式计算：1022.【思路点拨】根据图形可以得到：图形的面积有两种计算方法，一种是根据正方形的面积等于边长的平方计算；另一种方法是图形中两个长方形面积与两个正方形的面积的和，即可得到公式；然后利用公式计算即可．【解答】(1)方法一：(a＋b)2.方法二：a2＋2ab＋b2.(2)(a＋b)2＝a2＋2ab＋b2.(3)1022＝(100＋2)2＝1002＋2×100×2＋22＝10 404.【方法归纳】根据同一个图形的面积的两种表示，所得到的代数式的值相等，由此可得到对应的代数恒等式．11．(枣庄中考)图1是一个长为2a，宽为2b(a>b)的长方形，用剪刀沿图中虚线(对称轴)剪开，把它分成四块形状和大小都一样的小长方形，然后按图2那样拼成一个正方形，则中间空的部分的面积是(C)A．2ab B．(a＋b)2C．(a－b)2 D．a2－b2整合集训一、选择题(每小题3分，共24分)1．计算b2·(－b3)的结果是(B)A．－b6 B．－b5C．b6 D．b52．(恩施中考)下列计算正确的是(D)A．2a3＋3a3＝5a6B．(x3)2＝x5C．－2m(m－3)＝－2m2－6mD．(－3a－2)(－3a＋2)＝9a2－43．如果a2n－1·a n＋5＝a16，那么n的值为(B)A．3 B．4C．5 D．64．如果(x－2)(x＋3)＝x2＋px＋q，那么p、q的值为(C)A．p＝5，q＝6 B．p＝－1，q＝6C．p＝1，q＝－6 D．p＝5，q＝－65．一个长方体的长、宽、高分别是3a－4、2a、a，它的体积等于(D)A．3a3－4a2 B．a2C．6a3－8a D．6a3－8a26．如果(a3)6＝86，则a等于(C)A．2 B．－2C．±2 D．以上都不对7．已知a＝814，b＝275，c＝97，则a，b，c的大小关系是(A)A ．a ＞b ＞cB ．a ＞c ＞bC ．a ＜b ＜cD ．b ＞c ＞a8．(日照中考)观察下列各式及其展开式：(a ＋b)2＝a 2＋2ab ＋b 2；(a ＋b)3＝a 3＋3a 2b ＋3ab 2＋b 3；(a ＋b)4＝a 4＋4a 3b ＋6a 2b 2＋4ab 3＋b 4；(a ＋b)5＝a 5＋5a 4b ＋10a 3b 2＋10a 2b 3＋5ab 4＋b 5；…请你猜想(a ＋b)10的展开式第三项的系数是(B)A ．36B ．45C ．55D ．66二、填空题(每小题3分，共18分)9．计算：x 5·x 7＝x 12，(－a 2)3·(－a 3)2＝－a 12．10．计算：3m 2·(－2mn 2)2＝12m 4n 4．11．(福州中考)已知有理数a ，b 满足a ＋b ＝2，a －b ＝5，则(a ＋b)3·(a －b)3的值是1_000．12．计算(－212)2 017×0.42 018＝－0.4． 13．若(a m ＋1b n ＋2)·(a 2m b 2n －1)＝a 4b 7，则m ＋n ＝3．14．多项式4x 2＋1加上一个单项式后，使它能成为一个整式的完全平方，请写出所有可能的单项式为±4x 或4x 4．三、解答题(共58分)15．(12分)计算：(1)(－2a 2b)3＋8(a 2)2·(－a)2·(－b)3；解：原式＝－8a 6b 3－8a 6b 3＝－16a 6b 3.(2)a(a ＋4b)－(a ＋2b)(a －2b)－4ab ；解：原式＝a 2＋4ab －(a 2－4b 2)－4ab＝a 2＋4ab －a 2＋4b 2－4ab＝4b 2.(3)(2x －3y ＋1)(2x ＋3y －1)．解：原式＝[2x －(3y －1)][2x ＋(3y －1)]＝4x 2－(3y －1)2＝4x 2－(9y 2－6y ＋1)＝4x 2－9y 2＋6y －1.16．(8分)已知a ＋b ＝1，ab ＝－6，求下列各式的值．(1)a 2＋b 2；(2)a 2－ab ＋b 2.解：(1)原式＝(a ＋b)2－2ab＝1＋12＝13.(2)原式＝(a ＋b)2－3ab＝12－3×(－6)＝1＋18＝19.17．(8分)先化简，再求值：(1)(常州中考)(x ＋1)2－x(2－x)，其中x ＝2；解：原式＝x 2＋2x ＋1－2x ＋x 2＝2x 2＋1.当x ＝2时，原式＝8＋1＝9.(2)(南宁中考)(1＋x)(1－x)＋x(x ＋2)－1，其中x ＝12. 解：原式＝1－x 2＋x 2＋2x －1＝2x.当x ＝12时，原式＝2×12＝1.18．(10分)四个数a 、b 、c 、d 排成2行、2列，两边各加一条竖直线记成⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪a b c d ，定义⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪a b c d ＝ad －bc ，这个记号就叫做2阶行列式．例如：⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪1 23 4＝1×4－2×3＝－2.若⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪x ＋1 x ＋2x －2 x ＋1＝10，求x 的值．解：⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪x ＋1 x ＋2x －2 x ＋1＝(x ＋1)2－(x －2)(x ＋2)＝2x ＋5＝10，解得x ＝2.5.19．(10分)如图，某校有一块长为(3a ＋b)米，宽为(2a ＋b)米的长方形地块，学校计划将阴影部分进行绿化，中间将修建一座雕像．(1)用含a 、b 的代数式表示绿化面积并化简；(2)求出当a ＝5米，b ＝2米时的绿化面积．解：(1)S 阴影＝(3a ＋b)(2a ＋b)－(a ＋b)2＝6a 2＋3ab ＋2ab ＋b 2－a 2－2ab －b 2＝5a 2＋3ab(平方米)．(2)当a ＝5，b ＝2时，5a 2＋3ab ＝5×25＋3×5×2＝125＋30＝155(平方米)．20．(10分)小华和小明同时计算一道整式乘法题(2x ＋a)(3x ＋b)．小华把第一个多项式中的“a ”抄成了－a ，得到结果为6x 2＋11x －10；小明把第二个多项式中的3x 抄成了x ，得到结果为2x 2－9x ＋10.(1)你知道式子中a ，b 的值各是多少吗？(2)请你计算出这道题的正确结果．解：(1)根据题意，得(2x －a)(3x ＋b)＝6x 2＋(2b －3a)x －ab＝6x 2＋11x －10；(2x ＋a)(x ＋b)＝2x 2＋(a ＋2b)x ＋ab＝2x 2－9x ＋10，所以⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧2b －3a ＝11，a ＋2b ＝－9.解得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧a ＝－5，b ＝－2.(2)正确的算式为：(2x －5)(3x －2)＝6x 2－19x ＋10.。

数学期末复习卷二

期末复习卷二姓名：
一、填一填。

1、把手表放在课桌上，以表盘中心为观测点，若数字12正对着东面，数字6在（）面，数字3在（）面，数字9在（）面。

刮东南风时，旗子飘向（）方。

2、要使432÷的商是三位数，里最大应填（），要使商是两位数，最小填（）。

3、43÷8，要使商是三位数，里最小填（），要使商是两位数，里最大应填（）。

4、34÷3，要使商的中间有0，且没有余数，里可以填（）；805÷要使商的末尾有两个0，里应填（）。

5、在÷=25……6中，最小为（），最小为（）。

6、在÷7=34……中，最大为（），最大为（）。

7、小丽每分钟大约打117个字，照这样的速度，10分钟她大约能打（）个字。

8、小丽早上8时坐车出发去奶奶家，下午5时才到，到奶奶家一共用了（）
9、2018年3月6日是星期二，4月8日是星期（）。

10、妈妈出差的时间是12月28日到1月15日，妈妈共出差(）天
二、计算
452÷4=47×36=30.6+12.8=768÷6÷432×21—58
三、学校会议室长9米，宽6米，用边长3分米的正方形砖铺地，需要多少块砖？
四、库房里有48台冰箱，一辆货车一次送4台，每天送2次，这些冰箱多少天能送完？
五、一本《趣味数学》7.2元，一把直尺1.8元、一个作业本1元、一支铅笔1.2元。

（1）小华有10元钱，买了一本《趣味数学》后，正好能买哪两样学习用品？
（2）买哪两样学习用品用钱最多，要花多少钱？。

江苏牛津译林版2022-2023学年八年级上册英语期末复习二

八年级英语上册期末复习二一.单项选择1.Ken was____late for school. The bell rang right after he entered the classroom.A. stillB.alwaysC. alreadyD. almost2.—What do you think of the weather in Shanghai?-It's warmer than in my hometown.A.itB.oneC.thatD.those3.I'll be at home_____ Sunday morning. You can phone me then.A. onB.inC.atD.to4.—I'm tired out after three days' work day and night.-_____relax yourself? Go out and enjoy the natural beauty.A. Why notB.Why don'tC. What aboutD. Shall we5.This is _____useless book for me. But I will still_____ it for 3 days because my sister wants to read it.A.a；borrowB.a；keepC.an;borrowD.an；keep6.-_____is the cost of the trip to Beijing?—Five hundred yuan per person.A.How muchB.How manyC. How much moneyD.What7.—What do you think about the TV programme The National Greatest Treasures Ⅲ？—Excellent! A number of people are_____about it.A. worriedB.crazyC. surprisedD.bored8.There are too many exercises left. It's____for us____ in such a short time.A.impossible;to finish itB.possible;to finish itC. impossible; to finish themD.possible;to finish them9.—Why didn't you come back on time？—I was tired out, so I stopped the car on the way a short rest.A.to haveB.hadC.haveD.having10.Go and tell the boy _____with the fire. It's too dangerous.A. don't playB.not playC.not playingD.not to play11.The bushes make good _____for the small animals to hide in.A. coverB.homeC.gardensD.parks12.I heard the noise from the children and opened the door. I saw them_____snowballs at each other. How I wished I could join them!A.throwB.threwC.to throwD.throwing13.The accident happened_____a cold morning,but luckily no one was hurt.A.inB. onC.atD.by14.—Driving after drinking wine is really a bad habit.—That's true.Every year,it_____a lot of traffic accidents.A. happensB.causesC. providesD.stops15.There's water all over the kitchen. You'd better_____ right away.A.to mop up itB.to mop it upC. mop up itD.mop it up二.词汇填空1. In autumn, we can see yellow leaves_____（到处）.2. There's going to be a_____（暴风雪）in a few days.3.His______（突然的）arrival made me surprised.4. The weather report says it will be 15 to 21_____（度数）.5.Bees and butterflies play among flowers,then hide from the April ______（阵雨）.6.______（扔）away useless things,and it will make your home clean and tidy.7._______（既然）everyone is here,let's begin our meeting.8.The_______（激动人心的）news made the children scream loudly.9.People can travel around ______（自由地）if there is no COVID-19 epidemic.10.From________（开始）to end，he was busy with his work and didn't hear what they said.11.The highest temperature in Siyang is about 3_____（度数）today.It's cold outside.12.Many people can't______（接受）the news that Viya was fined about 1.3 billion yuan for tax evasion.13.I need a pair of ______（剪刀）.Do you have one pair?14.Read more books，and youwill be able to understand China's______（文化），history and tradition better.15.Jimmy went to Shanghai Disneyland last weekend and he wants to______（描述）what he saw to hisclassmates.三.阅读理解ATerrible weather events are harming the planet,and experts warn of even greater results to come. The sea ice loss and the Arctic ice melting（融化）caused by climate change have increased much in the last ten years. So they have pushed down the number of polar bears and seals while polar bears depend on sea ice for hunting seals.According to the data from the WMO , temperatures on the Antarctica（南极洲）just hit 18.3℃，which is higher than the record of 17.5℃ in March,2015.Moreover,temperatures in this area have warmed about 3℃ over the last 50 years. Although such temperatures might be considered pleasant for a picnic or a hiking trip,this is the Antarctica we are talking about.It is home to the most inhospitable environment on the planet because it is supposed to be an extremely cold place.In fact,the average temperature of the continent's central area is -57℃.Besides,many places are experiencing the extreme weather this summer. Australia is undergoing its worst drought（干旱）since the 1930s,leaving bushfires burning so long and causing many deaths. Meanwhile in Europe, crops in the northwest are suffering the driest weather in the past 80 years.Recently West Texas in America has also gone through its worst drought in more than 70 years,while floods have hit Eastern and Southern China."Climate change is bad for us human beings,which causes direct health problems. I'm afraid there will be more common events like the one that 30,000 to 50,000 persons died in Europe in 2003 due to the heat wave there,"Professor Schwartz said."It will also cause more air pollution, diseases and lack of clean water and so on.”1.What doesn't bring down the number of polar bears according to this passage?A.Hunting.B. Climate change.C. The sea ice loss.D. The Arctic ice melting.2. What can you get out of this passage?、A. The Antarctica is pleasant for a hiking trip.B. Extreme weather led to wildfires burning in Europe.C. Climate change will cause air pollution and diseases.D. The temperatures on the Antarctica hit the highest in March,2015.3. What does the underlined word "inhospitable" in Paragraph 2 probably mean?fortable to liveB.friendly to liveC. unhealthy to liveD. unfit to live4. Which place didn't experience drought this year?A.Europe.B.Australia.C. America.D. China.5. What is the main idea for this passage?A. The whole planet is drier and drier.B. The Antarctica is warmer and warmer.C. Climate change is getting worse and worse.D. The number of polar bears is smaller and smaller.BYou get up in the morning and look into the mirror.Your face is not likely to change and stays young-looking. In 2035, medical science is better than ever. Many people of your age could live to be 150,so at 40,you're not old at all.And your parents just had an anti-aging nanotechnology treatment. Now, all three of you look the same age!You say to your shirt,"Turn red."It changes from blue to red. In 2035,"smart clothes"include particles,which are very small in size and can be used to change your clothes' colour or pattern.You walk into the kitchen.You get the milk,but a voice says,"You shouldn't drink that!"Your fridge has read the FRID chip, a piece of electronic equipment, on the milk bottle, and it knows the milk is old.In 2035,every food item in the supermarket has an FRID chip.It's time to go to work. In 2035, cars drive themselves. Just tell your "smart car"where to go. On the way, you can call a friend using your jacket sleeves. Nano-sized"smart technology"is all around you.“Your whole body and everything around you will become part of the same network," says scientist Ampy Buchholz.So will all these come true?"For new technology to succeed,"says scientist Andrew Zolli,"it has to be so much better that it replaces what we have already."The Internet is one example—what will be the next?6. According to the passage, what will happen in 2035?A.People will live to be 150.B. Clothes will be much cheaper.C. Cars can change colours themselves.D.Food can stay fresh for a longer time.7. What will come true according to scientist Ampy Buchholz?A.Technology can be very dangerous.B. Technology can replace what we have already.C.Technology can make people nervous.D. Technology can be part of our lives.8.. What is the best title for the passage?。

部编版二下辨字组词(期末复习2)

二下辨字组词诗（）坐（）童（）油（）剪（）桃（）待（）座（）量（）邮（）前（）挑（）体（）住（）妆（）幸（）植（）峰（）休（）注（）壮（）辛（）直（）锋（）波（）作（）像（）洒（）味（）戴（）坡（）昨（）象（）酒（）袜（）带（）恋（）舍（）求（）彩（）州（）贴（）峦（）合（）水（）采（）川（）站（）转（）团（）闹（）吵（）烧（）钱（）传（）困（）闻（）炒（）浇（）浅（）弯（）街（）结（）梦（）般（）戏（）湾（）行（）洁（）森（）股（）找（）便（）屁（）记（）刻（）麦（）意（）使（）尿（）纪（）该（）表（）音（）疲（）忘（）钻（）突（）劝（）原（）纹（）亡（）站（）穷（）双（）愿（）页（）助（）导（）特（）胡（）何（）贝（）劝（）异（）持（）湖（）荷（）户（）岭（）扑（）祖（）城（）称（）尸（）玲（）仆（）组（）诚（）秤（）交（）京（）快（）安（）侯（）甜（）校（）惊（）块（）字（）后（）活（）还（）喝（）极（）治（）但（）敢（）远（）渴（）吸（）抬（）担（）赶（）园（）很（）漂（）辛（）做（）尤（）圆（）得（）飘（）幸（）作（）龙（）晴（）扬（）沿（）扔（）气（）壮（）睛（）场（）铅（）仍（）汽（）状（）被（）轻（）领（）刻（）池（）拨（）波（）经（）邻（）该（）地（）拔（）运（）枝（）斤（）样（）根（）旁（）远（）技（）折（）杨（）跟（）傍（）值（）忆（）浓（）功（）赛（）觉（）植（）亿（）农（）劝（）寒（）党（）蓝（）艰（）掏（）此（）完（）破（）篮（）难（）淘（）些（）玩（）波（）抽（）兔（）换（）决（）期（）蛙（）油（）免（）唤（）快（）旗（）挂（）纺（）编（）穷（）永（）何（）仆（）仿（）偏（）空（）水（）荷（）扑（）特（）岭（）持（）玲（）。