学术交际英语第一部分第4章

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学术英语(社科)-Unit1含答案ppt

Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
Text A
Critical reading and thinking
What is the author trying to prove?
What is the author assuming I will agree with?
Do you agree with the author?
Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
Critical reading and thinking
Activities
Example 2: water vs. diamond
Why is water so cheap, while diamonds are so
expensive?
water
Necessary for survival
diamond
Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
Text A
Critical reading and thinking
Example 3: a seat belt law
American laws require seat belts as standard equipment on new cars.
Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
Text A
Key terms
marginal cost: 边际成本 the additional cost from an increase in an activity

学术英语(医学)Unit1~4课文翻译

Unit 1 Text A神经过载与千头万绪的医生患者经常抱怨自己的医生不会聆听他们的诉说。

虽然可能会有那么几个医生确实充耳不闻，但是大多数医生通情达理，还是能够感同身受的人。

我就纳闷为什么即使这些医生似乎成为批评的牺牲品。

我常常想这个问题的成因是不是就是医生所受的神经过载。

有时我感觉像变戏法，大脑千头万绪，事无巨细，不能挂一漏万。

如果病人冷不丁提个要求，即使所提要求十分中肯，也会让我那内心脆弱的平衡乱作一团，就像井然有序同时演出三台节目的大马戏场突然间崩塌了一样。

有一天，我算过一次常规就诊过程中我脑子里有多少想法在翻腾，试图据此弄清楚为了完满完成一项工作，一个医生的脑海机灵转动，需要处理多少个细节。

奥索里奥夫人 56 岁，是我的病人。

她有点超重。

她的糖尿病和高血压一直控制良好，恰到好处。

她的胆固醇偏高，但并没有服用任何药物。

她锻炼不够多，最后一次 DEXA 骨密度检测显示她的骨质变得有点疏松。

尽管她一直没有爽约，按时看病，并能按时做血液化验，但是她形容自己的生活还有压力。

总的说来，她健康良好，在医疗实践中很可能被描述为一个普通患者，并非过于复杂。

以下是整个 20 分钟看病的过程中我脑海中闪过的念头。

她做了血液化验，这是好事。

血糖好点了。

胆固醇不是很好。

可能需要考虑开始服用他汀类药物。

她的肝酶正常吗？她的体重有点增加。

我需要和她谈谈每天吃五种蔬果、每天步行 30 分钟的事。

糖尿病：她早上的血糖水平和晚上的比对结果如何？她最近是否和营养师谈过？她是否看过眼科医生？足科医生呢？她的血压还好，但不是很好。

我是不是应该再加一种降血压的药？药片多了是否让她困惑？更好地控制血压的益处和她可能什么药都不吃带来的风险孰重孰轻？骨密度 DEXA 扫描显示她的骨质有点疏松。

我是否应该让她服用二磷酸盐，因为这可以预防骨质疏松症？而我现在又要给她加一种药丸，而这种药需要详细说明。

也许留到下一次再说吧？她家里的情况怎么样呢？她现在是否有常见的生活压力？亦或她有可能有抑郁症或焦虑症？有没有时间让她做个抑郁问卷调查呢？健康保养：她最后一次乳房 X 光检查是什么时候做的？子宫颈抹片呢？ 50 岁之后是否做过结肠镜检查？过去 10 年间她是否注射过破伤风加强疫苗？她是否符合接种肺炎疫苗的条件？奥索里奥夫人打断了我的思路，告诉我过去的几个月里她一直背痛。

学术英语(人文社科类)Unit 4精编版

blanks according to the text.
The study of sociology
How to think sociologically?
Cultivate _th_e__im__a_g_in_a_t_io_n_; “think ourselves away” from _th_e__fa_m__il_ia_r_r_o_u_ti_n_e_s_o_f_o_u_r_d_a_il_y_l_iv_e_s_i_n_o_r_d_e_r_to__lo_o_k__a_t _th_e_m__a_n_e_w_.
Text A
Unit 4
Suggested answers
The Study of Society and
Critical reading and thinking
People
Task 1 The tree diagram below shows how the authors
develop the text about the study of sociology. Fill in the
Critical reading and thinking
People
Task 1 The tree diagram below shows how the authors
develop the text about the study of sociology. Fill in the
blanks according to the text.
Unit 4
The Study of Society and People
Text A
Suggested answers
Critical reading and thinking

学术交际英语课件第一部分(第1,3章6-9,第5章)

Works Cited Book Author Last Name, Author First Name. Book Title. ed. Editor First Name Editor Last Name. City Published: Publisher, Year. Website Author Last Name, Author First Name. Site Title. ed. Editor First Name Last Name. Publication Day Month. Year. Accessed Day Month. Year. <URL Address>.
1.1 Process of paper writing and publishing (学术论文写作与发表流程)
1.1.1 Process of paper writing(论文写作过程)
(1) Selecting a topic(选题) Principles for selecting a topic: scientific; creative; feasible; practical
(2) APA (American Psychological Association)格式是社会科学领域中的常用格式，在撰写心理学和社会学相关文章时可以使用这种格式。与MLA不同的是，APA格式注重文献的出版时间和标题而非作者。在此格式中，参考文献一词使用References，居中排列，所有文献按照首字母顺序依次排列，双倍行距，第二行首字母缩进，并在页面右上角加注页码和简化的文章标题。 e.g. Title Page # References Book Author, First Initial. Middle Initial. (Year). Book Title. (Vols. Volume#(s)). In First Initial. Middle Initial. Editor Last Name (Ed.), Published City, Published State: Publisher. Web Document Author Last Name, First Initial. Middle Initial. (Year). In Web Document Title. (chap. Chapter/Section). Retrieved Month. Day, Year, from URL Address

研究生学术综合英语上册Unit1-4课文及翻译全---请叫我雷锋教程文件

研究生学术综合英语上册U n i t1-4课文及翻译全---请叫我雷锋Unit1Presenting a SpeechStephen Lucas Of all human creations, language may be the most remarkable. Through language we share experiences, formulate values, exchange ideas, transmit knowledge, and sustain culture. Indeed, language is vital to thinking itself. Contrary to popular belief,language does not simply mirror reality but also helps to create our sense of reality by giving meaning to events.Good speakers have respect for language and know how it works. Words are the tools of a speaker’s craft. They have special uses, just like the tools of any otherprofession. As a speaker, you should be aware of the meanings of words and know how to use language accurately, clearly, vividly, and appropriately.Using language accurately is as vital to a speaker as using numbers accurately is to an accountant. Never use a word unless you are sure of its meaning. If you are not sure, look up the word in a dictionary. As you prepare your speeches, ask yourself constantly, “What do I really want to say? What do I really mean?” Choose words thatare precise and accurate.Using language clearly allows listeners to grasp your meaning immediately. You can ensure this by using familiar words that are known to the average person and require no specialized background; by choosing concrete words in preference to more abstract ones, and by eliminating verbal clutter.Using language vividly helps bring your speech to life. One way to make your language more vivid is through imagery, or the creation of word pictures. You can develop imagery by using concrete language, simile, and metaphor. Simile is an explicit comparison between things that are essentially different yet have something in common; it always contains the words “like”or “as.”Metaphor is an implicitcomparison between things that are different yet have something in common; it does not contain the words “like” or “as.”Another way to make your speeches vivid is by exploiting the rhythm of language. Four devices for creating rhythm are parallelism, repetition, alliteration, and antithesis. Parallelism is the similar arrangement of a pair or series of related words, phrases, or sentences. Repetition is the use of the same word or set of words at the beginning or end of successive clauses or sentences. Alliteration comes from repeating the initial consonant sounds of close or adjoining words. Antithesis is the juxtaposition of contrasting ideas, usually in parallel structure.Using language appropriately means adapting to the particular occasion, audience, and topic at hand. It also means developing your own language style instead of trying to copy someone else’s. If your language is appropriate in all respects, your speech is much more likely to succeed.Good speeches are not composed of hot air and unfounded assertions. They need strong supporting materials to bolster the speaker’s point of view. In fact, the skillfuluse of supporting materials often makes the difference between a good speech and a poor one. The three basic types of supporting materials are examples, statistics and testimony.In the course of a speech you may use brief examples —specific instances referred to in passing — and sometimes you may want to give several brief examples in a row to create a stronger impression. Extended examples —often called illustrations, narratives, or anecdotes —are longer and more detailed. Hypotheticalexamples describe imaginary situations and can be quite effective for relating ideas to the audience. All three kinds of examples help to clarify ideas, to reinforce ideas, or to personalize ideas.To be more effective, though, they should be vivid and richly textured.Statistics can be extremely helpful in conveying your message, as long as you use them sparingly and explain them so they are meaningful to your audience. Above all, you should understand your statistics and use them fairly. Numbers can easily be manipulated and distorted. Make sure that your figures are representative of what they claim to measure, that you use statistical measures correctly, and that you take statistics only from reliable sources.Testimony is especially helpful for student speakers, because they are seldom recognized as experts on their speech topics. Citing the views of people who are experts is a good way to make your ideas more credible. When you include testimony in a speech, you can either quote someone verbatim or paraphrase their words. As with statistics, there are guidelines for using testimony. Be sure to quote or paraphrase accurately and to cite qualified unbiased sources. If the source is not generally known to your audience, be certain to establish his or her credentials.The impact of a speech is strongly affected by how the speech is delivered. You cannot make a good speech without having something to say. But having something to say is not enough. You must also know how to say it. Good delivery does not call attention to itself. It conveys the speaker’s ideas clearly, interestingly, and withoutdistracting the audience.There are four basic methods of delivering a speech: reading verbatim from a manuscript, reciting a memorized text, speaking with PowerPoint, and speaking extemporaneously, or impromptu. The last of these － speaking extemporaneously －is the method you probably will use for classroom speeches and for most speeches outside the classroom. When speaking extemporaneously, you will have only a brief set of notes or a speaking outline. Speaking with PowerPoint is widely used now andvery effective indeed.Certainly there are other factors you should consider, such as personal appearance, bodily action, gestures, eye contact, volume, pauses and so on. By paying enough attention to what is mentioned above, you may present an effective speech.第一单元如何发表演说斯蒂芬·卢卡斯在人类创造的万物中，语言可能是最卓越的一项创造。

新核心综合学术英语教程第一册 Unit 4

Unit 4 》Part II 》Text-related information
22..Egalitarianism 平等主义
Egalitarianism (from French égal, meaning "equal")—or, rarely, equalitarianism—is a trend of thought that favors equality for all people. Egalitarian doctrines maintain that all humans are equal in fundamental worth or social status, according to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. According to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, the term has two distinct definitions in modern English. It is defined either as a political doctrine that all people should be treated as equals and have the same political, economic, social, and civil rights or as a social philosophy advocating the removal of economic inequalities among people or the decentralization of power. Some sources define egalitarianism as the point of view that equality reflects

专业硕士英语教学大纲

专业硕士英语教学大纲课程名称：专业硕士英语教学课程类型：必修学时安排：36学时（2学分）授课方式：面授课程目标：1.帮助学生提高英语听、说、读、写的综合能力。

2.培养学生在专业领域中运用英语进行交流和研究的能力。

3.培养学生对英语语言文化的理解和跨文化交际能力。

教学内容及进度安排：第一单元：学术英语阅读与写作-学术阅读技巧和策略-文章结构和逻辑关系分析-学术写作基本要素-综述、评论和论文写作第二单元：专业英语听力与口语-专业英语听力训练，包括听取学术演讲、讲座和研讨会等-口语表达技巧和策略，包括学术演讲和讨论技巧-学术报告和演讲实践第三单元：商务英语沟通-商务英语词汇和常用表达-商务英语听力和口语训练，包括商务会议、谈判和演示等-商务信函和报告写作第四单元：跨文化交际与英语社交礼仪-跨文化交际理论和实践-跨文化沟通中的问题与解决策略-英语社交礼仪和常用表达教学方法：1.授课方式：面授讲授2.学生参与：课堂讨论、小组活动和角色扮演等3.多媒体辅助教学：使用投影仪、电脑、录音设备等多媒体设备展示教学资源和案例分析4.课外作业：阅读、听力、写作和口语练习等任务考核方式：1.平时表现：课堂参与、小组讨论和作业完成情况2.期中考试：包括听力、阅读、写作和口语部分3.期末论文：根据学生的研究兴趣和专业背景，撰写一篇与专业相关的英文论文教材与参考书目：主教材：-Academic Writing and Reading Skills，作者：John Smith，出版社：ABC Publishing-Business English Communication，作者：Jane Brown，出版社：XYZ Press 参考书目：-Academic Listening and Speaking，作者：Mary Johnson，出版社：DEF Publishing-Cross-Cultural Communication in Business，作者：David Lee，出版社：GHI Press备注：本教学大纲仅供参考，实际教学中可根据学生的具体情况和教学需求进行适当调整和补充。

学术交际英语第一部分(第4章-2)

R: Sampling as a measurement technique for high-speed electrical signals was used as early as 1849.
4）Tense misuse of non-finite verbs
eg.1 HIV被认为是在二十世纪四十年代晚期或五十年代早期从大猩猩传播给人类的。
4.2 Syntactical problems
4.2.1 Tense misuse (时态误用) 4.2.2 Voice misuse (语态误用) 4.2.3 Improper styles (语体不当) 4.2.4 Disagreement (不一致现象) 4.2.5 Sentence fragments (断句现象) 4.2.6 Dangling phenomenon(悬垂现象)
2）Misuse of the simple present tense
① to describe experiments
eg. 利用SIMS（二次离子质谱仪）测试了国产重掺砷硅单晶中的痕量杂质磷。
W: SIMS (secondary ion mass spectrometry) is used to test the trace amount of phosphorus in heavy arsenic doping silicon wafers.
eg. 在前一章中讨论了接收机的原理。 W: In the previous chapter, principles of a receiver are discussed. R: In the previous chapter, principles of a receiver were discussed.

学术综合英语-unit4

7. Give a brief description of the mytho-poetic Men‟s Movement. This group initiates men using mythology, poetry (hence the name mytho-poetic), and other rituals, such as dancing, to explore and affirm the value of masculinity and masculine approaches to problem solving.
Unit 4 Social Behavior
2012
Part A Part B
Pre-listening
Background Information
Listening
New Words and Expressions
The Men’s Movement The men‟s movement is a social movement that includes a number of philosophies and organizations that seek to support men, change the male gender role and improve men‟s rights in regard to marriage and child access and victims of domestic violence. Major movements within the men‟s movement include men‟s liberation,
Part A Part B
Pre-listening

学术交际英语4课件

Argumentation and Evidence
Develop the ability to construct logical arguments and support them with evidence from reliable sources.
Public Speaking Skills
促进学术交流
通过学术交流英语，可以了解国际学术前沿和动态，借鉴他人的研究成果和方法，提高自己的学术水平。
提高学术水平
掌握学术交流英语是发表国际期刊论文的必备条件，能够提高论文的被引率和影响力。
发表国际期刊论文
The Importance of Academic Communication English
Debate Techniques
04
Cross cultural communication in academic communication English
文化差异对学术交流的影响
学术交流中，来自不同文化背景的参与者可能会使用不同的沟通方式和表达习惯。了解和尊重这些文化差异有助于提高学术交流的效率和效果。
理解复杂句型和长难句
在阅读过程中保持批判性思维，对文献内容进行深入分析和评价。
批判性阅读和分析
reading comprehension
学术写作规范
遵循学术写作的规范和格式，如引用格式、论文结构等。
准确使用学术词汇和术语
熟悉并准确使用特定学科领域的词汇和术语，提高写作的专业性和说服力。
清晰的结构和逻辑
Gain confidence and fluency in delivering clear and coherent academic speeches in English.

英文资料(完整版)

英文资料(完整版)第一部分：引言随着全球化的不断推进，英文作为国际通用语言，其重要性日益凸显。

无论是在学术研究、商业交流还是日常生活中，掌握英语都已成为一种基本能力。

本资料旨在为读者提供一份全面、系统的英文学习指南，涵盖词汇、语法、阅读、写作、听力、口语等多个方面，帮助读者全面提升英语水平。

第二部分：词汇词汇是语言的基础，掌握丰富的词汇量是提高英语水平的关键。

本部分将介绍词汇学习的策略和方法，包括记忆技巧、词汇拓展、同义词辨析等。

同时，还将提供大量的词汇练习，帮助读者巩固所学知识。

第三部分：语法语法是语言的规则，掌握语法是正确表达思想的前提。

本部分将详细介绍英语语法的基本规则，包括时态、语态、句型结构等。

通过大量的语法练习，读者可以更好地理解和运用英语语法。

第四部分：阅读阅读是获取信息、提高语言能力的重要途径。

本部分将介绍阅读技巧和方法，包括快速阅读、精读、理解文章主旨和细节等。

同时，还将提供大量的阅读材料，涵盖不同领域和题材，帮助读者提高阅读能力。

第五部分：写作写作是表达思想、交流观点的重要方式。

本部分将介绍写作技巧和方法，包括文章结构、段落展开、句子构建等。

同时，还将提供大量的写作练习，帮助读者提高写作能力。

第六部分：听力听力是语言输入的重要方式，提高听力能力对于理解英语口语和听力材料至关重要。

本部分将介绍听力技巧和方法，包括预测、笔记、理解主旨和细节等。

同时，还将提供大量的听力材料，帮助读者提高听力能力。

第七部分：口语口语是语言输出的重要方式，提高口语能力对于流利地表达思想至关重要。

本部分将介绍口语技巧和方法，包括发音、语调、词汇运用等。

同时，还将提供大量的口语练习，帮助读者提高口语能力。

本资料涵盖了英语学习的各个方面，旨在为读者提供一份全面、系统的英文学习指南。

通过本资料的学习，读者可以全面提升英语水平，更好地应对各种英语学习和应用场景。

英文资料(完整版)第一部分：引言随着全球化的不断推进，英文作为国际通用语言，其重要性日益凸显。

学术交际英语第一部分第4章

eg.3 对该电路作一定量分析是很复杂的。 W: Quantitative analysis of this circuit is complicated. R: A quantitative analysis of this circuit is complicated.
3）Overuse of articles
4）Confusion of “a” and “an”
eg.1 这里应该使用8伏的电池。 W: A 8-volt battery should be used here. R: An 8-volt battery should be used here. eg.2 在这里我们使用一个S形的管子。 W: A S-shaped tube is used here. R: An S-shaped tube is used here. eg.3 这是一个单位。 W: This is an unit. R: This is a unit.
eg.8 通过观察一种新药对病人的影响才能看出它的治疗效果。 W: Through observing the effect of a new kind of drug to patient, one can see its efficiency of cure. R: By observing the effect of a new drug on patients, one can see its therapeutic effect. eg.9 我们在讨论微分方程的时候，将把注意力集中在一次方程上。 W: During our discussion of differential equations, we shall restrict our attention to equations of the first degree. R: In our discussion of differential equations, we shall restrict our attention to equations of the first degree. eg.10 除了该电子外，氢原子还含有一个正质子。 W: Except the electron, hydrogen atom also contains a positive proton. R: In addition to the electron, a hydrogen atom also contains a positive proton.

学术英语(人文社科类)Unit-4

Unit 4
The Study of Society and People
Text A
Suggested answers
Language building-up
Task 1 Specialized vocabulary
1 Translate the following sociological terms from English into Chinese or vice versa.
4 Why did men and women marry in the Middle Ages? Mainly in order to keep property in the hands of family or to raise children to work the family farm.
Unit 4
The Study of Society and People
Text A
Suggested answers
Critical reading and thinking
Task 2 Answer the following questions.
5 Where did romantic love make its first appearance? Its first appearance made in courtly circles.
2 Why does the author raise the three questions in Paragraph 2? The author wants to show us what is the prime concern of sociology.
3 Why do people fall in love according to the authors? Because love expresses mutual physical and personal attachment two individuals feel for one another.

全新版大学进阶英语1 Unit 4 Meeting Statesmen Li and Me

ever received to meet with a 过的邀请中分量最重的
sitting national leader to hear his 一个。我将要同一位在
vision for science and discuss 任国家领导人会面，聆
important global science matters. 听他对科学的看法，同
attend to: give care and thought to 关心；注意
约翰逊医生在照看你太太，你要不要喝点咖啡等着？
As Dr. Johnson is attending to your wife, would
you like to have some coffee and wait?
Back
invited to meet with Premier Li 理邀请，在北京与他
Keqiang in Beijing to discuss 会面，讨论科学方面
science. At first, I was in
的议题。乍听到消息，
disbelief. After all, China is a 我觉得难以置信。毕
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As to & as for
1. They sorted the eggs _a_s_t_o_ size and color.
2. Most farmland is under water. _A_s__fo_r_ the grain, most of it has been ruined. 3. You can have a bed; _a_s__fo_r_ him, he has to sleep on the floor. 4. _A_s_t_o_ the question you raised, I don’t have a ready answer right now.