政府工作报告热点词汇

建国以来，我国外语教育事业在取得长足进展的同时也存在着许多不容忽视的问题，其中的一个严重问题就是外语教育不重视需求分析，无论是研究还是教学都不很关注解决问题的实用能力。

对此，有专家学者指出，切实了解国家发展战略和社会经济发展对外语人才的实际需求，而不是受各种利益驱使（如各类职称和等级考试）创造出来的虚假外语需求和外语学习繁荣，是解决目前我国外语教育和教学实践中诸多问题的关键之一。

我国外语教育存在的另一严重问题是，我国外语教育战略决策长期以来忽视了外语学习的一个重要目的，那就是外语教育必须实现“让世界了解中国让中国走向世界”这一对外传播国家战略的最高目标。

我国外语教学长期以来坚持“一条腿走路”，即只重视学习外国语言文化知识，而对于必须依托外语才能实现的本国文化的对外传播能力至今未得到重视，教材中鲜有中国文化内容就是最好的证明。

中国在经济上追求顺差，但是在文化传播方面却一直是逆差，中外文化传播与交流长期以来呈现明显的不平等。

就翻译而言，我们所做的工作绝大多数是引进，中国文化的输出做得非常不好，这不能不说是我们外语教育和翻译教育的失败。

近年来，不少专家学者呼吁我国的外语教育战略进行重新定位，我国的外语教学必须进行脱胎换骨的改革。

外语教育只有高度重视中国文化的对外传播能力，才能不断提高国家文化软实力，进一步展示和提升国家良好形象，紧紧抓住世界需要中国、而中国也需要更好地融入世界带来的历史机遇，迎接经济全球化和文化竞争带来的严峻挑战。

国务院新闻办公室主任蔡武在2007北京“中译外——中国走向世界之路”高层论坛上致辞时就建议把培养中译外人才作为翻译学科建设和教育培训的一个重要课题并希望高校的
外语教育能从我国对外传播事业的高度出发，重视中译外人才的培养并加强这方面的专题研究，因为外语教育政策的制定与取向对我国政治、经济和国家安全乃至中华民族的强盛有着十分重要的战略意义。

在国际舞台上发出自己的声音，通俗地理解就是由我们自己来做好对外传播工作，通过国际通用语言向国外介绍我国的具体国情和各方面取得的成就，这就要求我们在外语教育中重视学习和积累相关词语的英语表达方式。

以下整理的是温总理在今年的十一届全国人大三次会议上所作的政府工作报告中的部分热点词汇的英语表达，相信对于广大的英语学习者来说是值得一读的。

1．国际金融危机冲击the impact of the global financial crisis
2．回升向好make a turnaround
3．连续6年增产an increase for the sixth consecutive year
4．城镇居民人均可支配收入the per capita disposable income of urban residents
5．农村居民人均纯收入the net per capita income of rural residents
6．全面建设小康社会道路the path of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects
7．提升我国的国际地位和影响力raise China's international standing and influence
8．中国特色社会主义socialism with Chinese characteristics
9．加强和改善宏观调控strengthen and improve macro-control
10．促进经济平稳较快发展promote steady and rapid economic development
11．积极的财政政策proactive fiscal policy
12．适度宽松的货币政策a moderately easy monetary policy
13．应对国际金融危机的一揽子计划package plan for addressing the global financial crisis
14．实行结构性减税implement structural tax reductions
15．保持货币信贷快速增长rapidly increase supplies of money and credit
16．扩大直接融资规模increase the amount of direct financing
17．有效扩大内需effectively boost domestic demand
18．扭转经济增速下滑趋势reverse the slowdown in economic growth
19．扩大居民消费expand consumer spending
20．补贴家电汽车摩托车下乡provide subsidies for rural residents to purchase home appliances and motor vehicles, including motorbikes
21．汽车家电以旧换新trade in old motor vehicles and home appliances for new ones
22．减半征收小排量汽车购置税halve the purchase tax on small-displacement automobiles
23．减免住房交易相关税收reduce or exempt taxes on buying and selling homes
24．自住性住房消费the purchase of homes to be used as their owners' residences
25．拉动经济增长fuel economic growth
26．社会投资non-government investment
27．保障性住房low-income housing
28．农村民生工程projects to improve the wellbeing of rural residents
29．自主创新independent innovation
30．节能减排energy conservation and emissions reductions
31．固定资产投资fixed asset investment
32．（汶川地震）灾后恢复重建post-Wenchuan earthquake recovery and reconstruction
33．投资结构进一步优化further improve the investment structure
34．投资快速增长rapid investment growth
35．弥补外需下降的缺口compensate for the shortfall created by shrinking external demand
36．加强了薄弱环节strengthen weak links
37．社会主义制度的无比优越the incomparable superiority of the socialist system
38．调整经济结构carry out economic restructuring
39．夯实长远发展基础shore up the foundation for long-term development
40．制约经济发展的结构性矛盾structural problems limiting economic development
41．“三农”工作the work related to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers
42．粮食最低收购价the minimum grain purchase prices
43．农村饮水安全工程rural drinking water safety projects
44．沼气用户methane gas users
45．改造危房renovate dilapidated houses
46．加大扶贫力度intensify our efforts to fight poverty
47．加快技术改造accelerate technological upgrading
48．抑制产能过剩和重复建设restrict excess production capacity and redundant development
49．自主创新产品domestically innovated products
50．第三代移动通信third-generation mobile communications
1. 基础设施建设infrastructure development
2. 西气东输the project for shipping natural gas from west to east
3. 南水北调工程the South-to-North Water Diversion Project
4. 惠民工程a project for the benefit of the people
5. 治理水土流失bring soil erosion under control
6. 单位国内生产总值能耗energy consumption per unit of GDP
7. 化学需氧量chemical oxygen demand (COD)
8. 二氧化硫排放量sulfur dioxide emissions
9. 控制温室气体排放control greenhouse gas emissions
10. 灾害防御能力disaster prevention and protection capabilities
11. 区域协调发展balance development between regions
12. 产业转移industries relocated from other parts of the country
13. 有利于科学发展的体制机制institutions and mechanisms conducive to developing scientifically
14. 消除体制障碍remove institutional obstacles
15. 提高对外开放水平open wider to the outside world
16. 增值税转型VAT (value-added tax) reform
17. 成品油价格refined oil products
18. 股份制改革introduce the joint stock system
19. 跨境贸易人民币结算use the renminbi as the settlement currency for cross-border trade
20. 创业板the ChiNext stock market
21. 自主创新企业enterprises based on independent innovation
22. 集体林权制度改革the reform of tenure in collective forests
23. 土地家庭承包the household land contract responsibility system
24. 稳定外需的政策措施policies and measures to stabilize foreign demand
25. 采取符合国际惯例的方式adopt methods that conform to international practices
26. 短期出口信用保险short-term export credit insurance
27. 大型成套设备complete sets of large equipment
28. 出口融资保险export financing insurance
29. 进出口降幅收窄Falls in imports and exports have eased.
30. 巩固国际市场份额consolidate our share of international markets
31. 企业“走出去”逆势上扬More enterprises "went global" in spite of the adverse situation
32. 对外直接投资outward direct investment
33. 对外工程承包overseas project contracting operations
34. 国际宏观经济政策对话协调international macroeconomic policy dialogue and coordination
35. 改善民生improve people's wellbeing
36. 人民群众最关心、最直接、最现实的利益问题the most practical problems of the greatest and most direct concern to the people
37. 强化政府促进就业的责任increase the responsibility of the government for stimulating employment
38. 就业专项资金special employment funds
39. 缓缴社会保险费postpone payment of social security contributions
40. 再就业税收减免reduce or exempt reemployment tax
41. 公益性就业岗位public-service jobs
42. 鼓励高校毕业生到基层就业encourage college graduates to take jobs at the primary level
43. 养老保险统筹制度pension planning system
44. 养老保险关系转移接续transfer pension accounts
45. 新型农村社会养老保险试点a pilot project for a new rural pension insurance system
46. 企业退休人员基本养老金Pensions for enterprise retirees
47. 各类保障性住房low-income housing units of various types
48. 棚户区改造renovate housing units in run-down areas
49. 社会保障基金social security funds
50. 促进教育公平make education more equitable
1．中央财政支出central government spending
2．农村义务教育rural compulsory education
3．义务教育阶段教师绩效工资制度performance-based pay system for compulsory education teachers
4．中等职业学校secondary vocational schools
5．农村家庭经济困难学生rural students whose families have financial difficulties
6．国家助学制度national student financial aid system
7．医药卫生事业改革发展the reform and development of the pharmaceutical and healthcare fields
8．医疗保险参保subscribe to basic medical insurance
9．新型农村合作医疗制度the new type of rural cooperative medical care system
10．基层医疗卫生机构primary-level medical and health care institutions
11．乡镇中心卫生院township central hospitals
12．社区卫生服务中心community health service centers
13．乙肝疫苗接种vaccinations against hepatitis B
14．维护社会正常秩序maintain normal order in society
15．在国际金融危机严重冲击、世界经济负增长的背景下against the backdrop of the severe impact of the global financial crisis and the negative growth of the world economy
16．统揽全局overall planning
17．贯彻落实科学发展观apply/implement the Scientific Outlook on Development
18．运用市场机制和宏观调控make use of both market mechanisms and
macro-control
19．发挥市场配置资源基础性作用let market forces play their basic role in allocating resources
20．激发市场活力stimulate the market's vitality
21．注重标本兼治address both the symptoms and root causes of problems
22．扩大内需boost domestic demand
23．实行互利共赢的开放战略adhere to the win-win strategy of opening up
24．内需外需协调拉动经济增长domestic demand and foreign demand drive economic growth in concert
25．改善民生improve people's wellbeing
26．维护公平正义safeguard fairness and justice
27．共享改革发展成果share in the fruits of reform and development
28．促进社会和谐稳定promote social harmony and stability
29．坚持中国特色社会主义道路keep to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics
30．保持经济平稳较快发展maintain steady and rapid economic development
31．加快转变经济发展方式accelerate the transformation of the pattern of economic development
32．经济回升向好economic turnaround
33．自主创新能力independent innovation capability
34．产能过剩excess production capacity
35．结构性用工短缺structural shortage of labor
36．增强忧患意识strengthen our awareness of potential dangers
37．牢牢把握工作的主动权firmly keep the initiative in our work
38．加快全面建设小康社会进程pick up the pace of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects
39．控制城镇登记失业率在……%以内keep the urban registered unemployment rate no higher than ...%
40．价格变动的翘尾因素the carry-over effects of price changes
41．国际大宗商品major international commodities
42．国内货币信贷增长domestic supplies of money and credit
43．居民对涨价的承受能力consumers' ability to bear price increases
44．资源环境税费resource and environment taxes and fees
45．积极的财政政策a proactive fiscal policy
46．适度宽松的货币政策a moderately easy monetary policy
47．通胀预期inflation expectations
48．稳定物价总水平keep the overall level of prices stable
49．保持适度的财政赤字和国债规模keep the deficit and government bonds at appropriate levels
50．地方财政预算local government budgets
王银泉，江苏苏州人，博士，英语专业教授，硕士生导师，2007年4月入选为江苏省“333高层次人才培养工程”首批中青年科学技术带头人，1997年10月至1998年10月留学加拿大渥太华大学第二语言学院。

曾赴英、美、印尼和马来西亚进行学术访问。

迄今为止已在《外语教学与研究》和《中国翻译》等核心刊物上发表论文40余篇，其中CSSCI来源期刊文章18篇。

出版著作和编著译著类
图书9部。

获省部级奖3项。

担任《中国日报》网站专栏作家；江苏省广播电视总台国际频道英语外宣节目《扬子新闻》首席语言顾问。

国内知名公示语翻译研究专家，“王教授公示语翻译研究”专栏系列论文引起媒体高度重视并由央视“马斌读报”栏目、《中国青年报》及江苏省和南京市多家媒体报道。

1994年起业余从事国际新闻报道编译工作，发表各类国际新闻编译稿1000万字以上。