2020高中英语二轮复习专题三:完形填空第一讲 词汇篇
2020高考英语二轮复习专题:完形填空
2020高考英语二轮复习专题:完形填空2020高考英语二轮复习专题:完形填空内容要点 (1)第一节完形填空解题方法 (1)一、四大方法速判句内层面题 (1)二、三大方法智取句组层面题 (3)三、“一原则、三方法”做好语篇层面题 (4)第二节记叙文 (6)强化训练(一) (13)第三节夹叙夹议文 (22)强化训练(二) (29)第四节说明文 (37)强化训练(三) (44)第一节完形填空解题方法一、四大方法速判句内层面题句内层面题的解题信息分布在本句内,在读懂文意的前提下,利用本句的一些解题信息就可直接做答。
对于此类题目,考生可以边读边填,将原文信息尽量复原。
方法1利用习惯搭配及固定结构解题完形填空中经常会考查一些习惯搭配、固定结构和固定句式,这时考生就需要运用习惯搭配及固定结构来解题。
[典例](2019·全国Ⅰ)Mountains are 51 as spiritual places by many cultures.51.A.studied B.observedC.explored D.regarded分析:考查固定搭配。
regard...as...把……看作,认为……是,符合语境。
句意为:在许多文化中,山被认为是精神圣地。
study研究;observe观察;explore探索。
故选D。
方法2利用生活常识和文化背景解题完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。
考生在做题时,若能积极地调动自己掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识,巧妙地加以运用,特别是注意中西方文化的差异,将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程,节省宝贵的时间,从而轻松地做出正确的判断。
1/ 51。
2020高考英语二轮复习专题三 完形填空
比关系,故选C项。Instead“相反地”;Lastly“最后,终于”;Thus“因此”;
However“然而”。
19
@《创新设计》
4.递进关系
[示例] (2018·全国卷Ⅰ)In order to 50.pass the class,among other criteria,we had to
write a paper on how we plan to 51.apply what we would learn in class to our future
@《创新设计》
1
@《创新设计》
完形填空主要考查考生的思维逻辑性,也就是考生的观察、比较、分析、推断、 归纳、建构、辨识、评价、创新等思维水平和能力。其基本命题形式是给考生一篇 语句连贯的短文,命题人有目的地在每隔一定数量的词语后去除一处词语,形成总 共20处词语空缺,然后在相应的空缺处设置包括三个干扰项在内的四个备选答案, 需要考生从四个选项中选出一个最佳的答案。
10
@《创新设计》
1.原词复现 [示例] (2019·全国卷Ⅰ)However,I soon 45.discover that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 46 among tons of rubbish.I find a 47.clean mountain,with
话(speak)”,故选D。
15
@《创新设计》
微技能二 利用逻辑线索解题 根据句、段间内在的逻辑关系来推断正确答案。常见的逻辑关系有因果关系、
转折关系、对比关系、递进关系、让步关系、并列关系、条件与结果关系等。
1.因果关系 [示例] (2018·全国卷Ⅰ)He was an international grandmaster,which 45.meant I would
2020年英语高考二轮复习专题3完形填空 (4)记叙文
17. 【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。结合上一题解析中的 句意及上文叙述可知埃勒斯很费劲地才找到狗的主人, 故用trouble麻烦。 18. 【解析】选C。词义辨析题。埃勒斯为了找到小狗、 帮助小狗费了很大的劲。service服务; plan计划; effort 努力; team团队。故用effort。
“I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as 19 to it as I am to my dogs, ” says Ehlers. “If it had been my dog, I’d hope that somebody would be 20 to go that extra mile. ”
7. 【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据本句后面的Greg saw可知他们经过仔细的、长时间的寻找后才找到小狗。 故用search寻找。 8. 【解析】选A。背景常识题。根据文章可知走丢的小 狗在一个陌生的地方, 小狗一定会很小心谨慎。 cautiously谨慎地。
9. 【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据下一句It just started licking Ehlers’ face. 可推知小狗很高兴与埃勒 斯接触。joy高兴。 10. 【解析】选B。词汇复现题。根据下一句中的The ad可知小狗听起来像是当地报纸上登载寻狗启事的那 只。advertise做广告。
15. 【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。从下文的in the next four days可知Jeff找了小狗四天没找到, 故用in vain徒 劳地。 16. 【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据句意“当狗的女 主人Lisa说起埃勒斯为拯救小狗所做的努力时, 她说, 知道有人不嫌麻烦地去照顾小狗是一件很好的事情” 可知选care关心, 照顾。
2020江苏高考英语二轮讲义:专题二 完形填空 第一讲 词汇篇
完形填空是一种立意新、要求高的综合性语言测试题,要求考生不仅能理解文字的含义,而且要结合上下文语境进行思考,这样就全面考查了考生的英语基础知识和综合运用英语的能力,是高考试卷中区分度较高的题型。
年份201920182017体裁记叙文记叙文夹叙夹议考点名词9 6 3 代词0 0 0 介词 1 0 2 形容词 2 6 2 副词 2 3 1 动词 6 5 9 连词0 0 3答案分布A 5 5 5B 5 5 5C 5 5 5D 5 5 5[考纲解读]1.完形填空旨在考查考生的综合理解能力和语言运用能力:(1)要求考生能够领悟一篇有空缺的语篇大意,结合全文,推出“未知”内容,具有主观性测试和客观性测试的双重特点。
(2)既可以在语篇中考查考生的英语基础知识,即语法、词汇知识;又可以考查考生运用所学语言知识的能力;还可以考查考生的英语文化背景知识;同时,考查考生把握上下文行文逻辑和整个篇章结构的能力。
2.完形填空的每个选项的取舍要受层次语境的影响。
完形填空的考点层次从低到高可分为:词汇层次、句子层次、语篇层次。
[命题趋势]完形填空是测试考生综合语言运用能力的填空补缺式障碍性阅读。
它以语篇信息为基础,以中心脉络信息为主线,多层面反复式信息为暗示,纵横向立体式信息相照应,给考生提供足够的解题信息。
预计今后的高考中会有以下命题趋势:1.综合考查考生的英语基础知识和语言运用能力,包括词汇运用能力、阅读理解能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化交际能力。
2.文章材料多以叙述为主,叙议结合。
故事性记叙文仍会占主导地位,但夹叙夹议文会增多。
3.语篇层次设空增多,从而体现“突出语篇”的命题思路,测试考生对上下文衔接关系、行文逻辑等的综合理解,进而考查考生的思维能力。
第一讲词汇篇[学生用书P55]高考完形填空主要是对考纲词汇的考查,重点考查考生在具体语境中准确理解和运用考纲词汇的能力。
近几年高考完形填空对词汇在整体语篇中的灵活运用的考查尤为突出,主要涉及名词、动词(短语)、形容词和副词等实词的词义理解、一词多义的积累、熟词生义的推断以及近义词用法的辨析。
2020届高三英语二轮完形填空教学指导课件 (共22张PPT)
重视搭配习惯
英语语言中的很多词汇均以短语搭配的形式出现,完形 填空中的词汇也不例外。很多时候,在分析语境、理清 空白 处含义的基础上,利用对词汇前后搭配的分析可 以快速、准确地推断完形填空的未知信息。所谓前后搭 配主要是指动词(名词、形容词等)与介词的搭配、动 词与其宾语的搭配、句式结构和各种习惯搭配。在解答 完形填空时,充分考虑这些搭配关系,有助于我们作出 正确选择。
A. realize B. understand C. believe D. remember
三、反义词复现
e.g. He wasn’t well-dressed. He had on a pair of shorts
and a(n) __C_____ T-shirt.
A. attractive B. shiny C. simple D.expensive
clothing weren’t enough. “ What these people also need is warmth and ___D____,” says Ritas.
A. fame B. freedom C. courage D. caring 三.相对关系
When Christ was born nearly two thousand years ago, many people ,rich and __C____,give him presents.
time and money, so Kurt visited food and clothing companies to _B_______ donations.
A. pay for B. ask for C. look into D. carry out 二.同类关系 (2012.山东)The Mullers soon realised that food and
2020届高中英语二轮复习 完型填空(1) Word版含答案
2020届高中英语二轮复习完型填空(1)1、There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause. Usually, the 1 the idea is, the more it gets noticed. And that’s precisely why one 2 Frenchman has caught our attention.Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, surviving 3 on discarded(丢弃)food. The three-month, 1 900-mile journey from Paris to Warsaw is Dubanchet’s 4 of raising awareness of food waste in Europe and throughout the world.As you can 5 , the trip is no piece of cake. While restaurants 6 tons of food each year, much of it remains inaccessible because of 7 garbage containers, health regulations, or business policies. Only about one in ten places 8 him food that would otherwise be discarded.For legal 9 , most restaurants have a policy against 10 food waste. "Some people have even 11 their jobs by giving me food," Dubanchet said.What's 12 interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanche t’s cause. Berlin has been the 13 while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen. There, he had to 14 at some 50 different stores or restaurants before finding food. The 15 is all the more serious when you consider the 16 exercise required to bike from France to Poland."I have to get food 17 because after all the biking I am tired and I need the 18 ."Dubanchet explained. "Is my 19 full or empty? That is the most important thing, not what I am eating."He aims to 20 his journey by mid-July. With any luck, he’ll turn a few more heads in the process.1.A.cleverer B.older C.stranger D.simpler2.A.garbage-eating B.sports-loving C.food-wasting w-breaking3.A.secretly B.finally C.entirely D.probably4.A.purpose B.way C.opinion D.dream5.A.observe B.imagine C.suggest D.remember6.A.store B.cook C.shop for D.throw away7.A.locked B.damaged C.connected D.abandoned8.A.bought B.offered C.ordered D.sold9.A.reasons B.rights C.fees D.aids10.A.begging for B.giving away C.hiding D.causing11.A.did B.kept C.accepted D.risked12.A.hardly ually C.particularly D.merely13.A.easiest B.nearest C.biggest D.richest14.A.work B.shout C.ask D.jumppetition B.conversation C.conflict D.challenge16.A.adequate B.rewarding C.demanding D.suitable17.A.again B.alone ter D.fast18.A.spirit B.energy C.time D.effort19.A.stomach B.hand C.pocket D.basket20.A.arrange B.restart C.report D.finish2、阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
高考英语二轮专题复习课件:完形填空(共27张PPT)
(53.)
生活常识 2个
(45. 60)
上下文语境 8个 (43. 44. 48. 51. 52. 55. 56. 59.)
【Summary 】
解题技巧:“先完意,后完形”。 解题步骤:通读——试填——核查。 主要手段:语境、词义。
Remember
Skills
Practice makes perfect.
Know how
解题技巧
Skill 1. 利用首句信息, 推测语篇主旨
(2019 全国Ⅰ卷) While high school does not generally
encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 41 process and found something that has changed my experience at college for the better: I discovered ASLAmerican Sign Language(美式手语).
60. A. sympathy
B. attention
C. control
D. trust
(2018全国 Ⅰ卷) I was told that the education department
was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for
上下文
55. A. leaving B. looking for
C. losing D. dealing with
2020高考高中英语完型填空核心词汇最新完整版(2020版适用于高中所有年级)
单词 candidate discount controversial contradictory dilemma exaggerate maintain sustainable marvelous desperate withdraw critical objective subjective neutral opposed fantastic evalu ate emphasize ensure guarantee evolut ion intens iv e expand enterprise element military emerge fundamental foundation foresee predict establish extinct enormous eleg ant essential inspire enthusiasm facility influ enc e efficient
词性 n n adj
n/adj n v v adj adj adj v adj adj adj adj adj adj v v v v n adj v n n n v adj n v v v
adj/v adj adj adj v n n v adj
词义 候选人 打折 有争议的 矛盾、矛盾的 进退两难 使扩大,夸张、夸张 维持、保持 可持续的 非凡的 急切的 取款 批评的 客观的 主观的 中立的 反对的 异想天开的、古怪的 评估 强调 确定 保证 进化 集中的 扩大 企业 元素 军队 出现 根本的 基础 预见 预测、预言 建立 使熄灭、灭绝 巨大的 优雅的 必要的 激发 热情 设备 影响 有效率的
熟人
13
automatic
14
accumulate
15
2020届高考英语二轮专题复习:完形填空专题(共21张PPT)
kilometers.
53. A. scientists
B. climbers C. locals
D. officials
句意:在乞力马扎罗,登山者(climbers)在几公里的空间里穿越五种生态系统。
六个微技能
4. 逻辑关系 (因果、转折、 对比、递进、 让步、 并列、条件与结果 …)
(2017全国Ⅱ卷) In 1973, I was teaching elementary school. Each
(2019全国Ⅰ卷) However, I soon discover that much has
changed since the days of disturbing reports of 46 among tons
of rubbish. I find a clean mountain, with toilets at camps and
D. formal
(2010大纲Ⅱ卷) It can set up a warm conversation between two people far
apart; it can keep a 22 with very little effort… And with that one letter we
43. A. small
B. dark
C. strange D. dull
(2019全国Ⅰ卷) The environmental challenges are significant but
the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to
六个微技能 3. 词语同现
某些语义相关联的词语在语篇中有同时出现的倾向性,叫词语同现。
2020年高考英语完形填空专项复习(word含答案)
2020年高考英语完形填空专项复习一、复习思路1.梳理完形填空的技巧方法2.扩充词汇运用二、复习要点完型填空题的特点完形填空设空以实词为主、虚词为辅,单词为主、短语为辅。
高考完型主要考察动词、名词、形容词、副词。
其他偶尔有过渡词、介词短语、连词。
体裁上以议论文为主,说明文为辅。
题材上以思想、文化、商业、生活为主,同时涉及其他话题。
完型填空解题步骤1 -通览----速度全文,把握大意快速阅读一下全文,通过通览全文、领会大意,概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、容、结构层次、情节、写作风格等等。
2 -试填----紧扣文意,瞻前顾后先易后难,逐层深入。
紧扣全文容,联系上下文和语境,展开逻辑推理,注意从上下文中寻找线索,注意词汇的意义、搭配,惯用法,语法,常识等多个角度进行综合考虑。
3 -复核----全面检查,确保语意连贯,用词准确试填后,要把全文再通读一遍,注意看所选答案填入空白处后能否做到文章意思通顺、前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构完整、首尾呼应完型填空高频词汇解题思路一:依据首句线索,紧扣主题选择。
首句通常是文章的主题句,通常不设空,便于考生对短文主题、容或背景有个大概了解。
它的目的是向考生提供时间、地点、人物、事件、论点等有用的信息。
把握了主题句, 对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。
①If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried todetermine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise②Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not withdiscussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films we've just watched or books we've just finished reading, but plain and simple __51__.51. A. claim B. description C. gossip D. language解题思路二:顺应文意, 定位选词。
2020版《3年高考2年模拟》(二轮)专题三 完形填空
专题三完形填空记叙文专练题组一Cloze 1(2019山东济南模拟)It was in 1972, and I was in second grade. In the classroom the teacher, Ms. Boyette, was 1aloud to us from Island of the Blue Dolphins. And we had just come to a part of the book where the main 2was training a wild dog. I was listening, caught up in the 3of all.Not far away from me, there seated a boy who always frightened or 4others, so I was 5of this boy. While Ms. Boyette was reading, I looked at him, for he was someone I was in the 6of keeping an eye on. I 7that he was listening too, that he was engaged in the 8, and that he was leaning forward in his seat and listening with all his heart. I 9at him,open-mouthed. I was 10by a sudden knowledge that this boy was in fact just 11me. He was a kid who liked stories. The boy must 12my eyes on him, because he turned. Then something 13happened. He smiled at me. 14, I smiled back, unafraid. We were two 15smiling at each other.Why have I never forgotten this 16moment? Why do I still17every detail of it? I think it’s because that moment illustrates so beautifully the 18of reading out loud. It shows us into a safe room, where everyone involved, the reader and the listener, can have that chance to 19each other. We humans long not just for the story, not just for the flow of language, but for the 20that comes when words are read aloud.1.A.shouting B.singing C.talking D.reading2.A.author B.character C.reader D.listener3.A.wonder B.silence C.warmth fort4.A.greeted B.touched C.hurt D.refused5.A.aware B.terrified C.bored D.guilty6.A.habit B.form C.effort D.hope7.A.predicted B.imagined C.promised D.noticed8.A.speech B.story C.journey D.diary9.A.pointed B.nodded C.stared D.waved10.A.struck B.mixed C.cheated D.confused11.A.behind B.beyond C.around D.like12.A.ignore B.feel C.meet D.observeeful B.natural C.serious D.amazing14.A.Then B.Again C.Instead D.Besides15.A.strangers B.kids C.teachers D.enemies16.A.funny B.busy C.lucky D.small17.A.seek anize C.recall D.trust18.A.power B.courage C.amusement D.ability19.A.cheer B.see C.miss D.mention20.A.challenge B.knowledge C.choice D.connection答案[语篇解读]本文为记叙文。
2020届高考英语山东版二轮习题:专题三 完形填空 Word版含解析
姓名,年级:时间:专题三完形填空记叙文专练题组一Cloze 1(2019山东济南模拟)It was in 1972, and I was in second grade。
In the classroom the teacher, Ms。
Boyette, was 1 aloud to us from Island of the Blue Dolphins. And we had just come to a part of the book where the main 2 was training a wild dog。
I was listening, caught up in the 3 of all.Not far away from me, there seated a boy who always frightened or 4 others, so I was 5 of this boy。
While Ms. Boyette was reading, I looked at him, for he was someone I was in the 6 of keeping an eye on. I 7 that he was listening too, that he was engaged in the 8 , and that he was leaning forward in his seat and listening with all his heart. I 9 at him, open-mouthed。
I was 10 by a sudden knowledge that this boy was in fact just 11 me. He was a kid who liked stories. The boy must 12 my eyes on him, because he turned。
2020高考英语二轮复习 专题三 完形填空 第一讲 词汇篇教案
第二板块语言知识运用完形填空和语法填空二者共属高考浙江卷中的语言运用部分,二者虽题型不同,但宗旨都是考查考生在理解整体语篇的基础上具体运用语法知识和词语的能力。
年份体裁题材考点分布动词(短语)名词(短语)形容词(短语)副词介词(短语)连词代词2019.6记叙文唤起对食物浪费的关注85430002018.11记叙文解救学生的手指116201002018.6夹叙夹议文充分利用时间95420002017.11记叙文Harvold救人的英勇故事126200002017。
6记叙文保护书籍的故事9452000[考纲解读]1.完形填空旨在考查考生的综合理解能力和语言运用能力:(1)要求考生能够领悟一篇有空缺的语篇大意,结合全文,推出“未知”内容,具有主观性测试和客观性测试的双重特点.(2)既可以在语篇中考查考生的英语基础知识,即语法、词汇知识;又可以考查考生运用所学语言知识的能力;还可以考查考生的英语文化背景知识;同时,考查考生把握上下文行文逻辑和整个篇章结构的能力。
2.完形填空的每个选项的取舍要受层次语境的影响。
完形填空的考点层次从低到高可分为:词汇层次、句子层次、语篇层次。
[命题趋势]完形填空是测试考生综合语言运用能力的填空补缺式障碍性阅读。
它以语篇信息为基础,以中心脉络信息为主线,多层面反复式信息为暗示,纵横向立体式信息相照应,给考生提供足够的解题信息。
预计今后的高考中会有以下命题趋势:1.综合考查考生的英语基础知识和语言运用能力,包括词汇运用能力、阅读理解能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化交际能力.2.文章材料多以叙述为主,叙议结合。
故事性记叙文仍会占主导地位,但夹叙夹议文会增多。
3.语篇层次设空增多,从而体现“突出语篇"的命题思路,测试考生对上下文衔接关系、行文逻辑等的综合理解,进而考查考生的思维能力。
第一讲词汇篇高考完形填空主要是对考纲词汇的考查,重点考查考生在具体语境中准确理解和运用考纲词汇的能力.近几年高考完形填空对词汇在整体语篇中的灵活运用的考查尤为突出,主要涉及名词、动词(短语)、形容词和副词等实词的词义理解、一词多义的积累、熟词生义的推断以及近义词用法的辨析。
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完形填空和语法填空二者共属高考浙江卷中的语言运用部分,二者虽题型不同,但宗旨都是考查考生在理解整体语篇的基础上具体运用语法知识和词语的能力。
年份体裁题材考点分布动词(短语)名词(短语)形容词(短语)副词介词(短语)连词代词2019.6 记叙文唤起对食物浪费的关注8 5 4 3 0 0 02018.11 记叙文解救学生的手指11 6 2 0 1 0 0 2018.6 夹叙夹议文充分利用时间9 5 4 2 0 0 02017.11 记叙文Harvold救人的英勇故事12 6 2 0 0 0 02017.6 记叙文保护书籍的故事9 4 5 2 0 0 0[考纲解读]1.完形填空旨在考查考生的综合理解能力和语言运用能力:(1)要求考生能够领悟一篇有空缺的语篇大意,结合全文,推出“未知”内容,具有主观性测试和客观性测试的双重特点。
(2)既可以在语篇中考查考生的英语基础知识,即语法、词汇知识;又可以考查考生运用所学语言知识的能力;还可以考查考生的英语文化背景知识;同时,考查考生把握上下文行文逻辑和整个篇章结构的能力。
2.完形填空的每个选项的取舍要受层次语境的影响。
完形填空的考点层次从低到高可分为:词汇层次、句子层次、语篇层次。
[命题趋势]完形填空是测试考生综合语言运用能力的填空补缺式障碍性阅读。
它以语篇信息为基础,以中心脉络信息为主线,多层面反复式信息为暗示,纵横向立体式信息相照应,给考生提供足够的解题信息。
预计今后的高考中会有以下命题趋势:1.综合考查考生的英语基础知识和语言运用能力,包括词汇运用能力、阅读理解能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化交际能力。
2.文章材料多以叙述为主,叙议结合。
故事性记叙文仍会占主导地位,但夹叙夹议文会增多。
3.语篇层次设空增多,从而体现“突出语篇”的命题思路,测试考生对上下文衔接关系、行文逻辑等的综合理解,进而考查考生的思维能力。
第一讲词汇篇高考完形填空主要是对考纲词汇的考查,重点考查考生在具体语境中准确理解和运用考纲词汇的能力。
近几年高考完形填空对词汇在整体语篇中的灵活运用的考查尤为突出,主要涉及名词、动词(短语)、形容词和副词等实词的词义理解、一词多义的积累、熟词生义的推断以及近义词用法的辨析。
没有掌握好考纲中基础词汇的词义是造成失分的主要原因之一,而不能弄清意义相近词汇的细微区别则成为拿高分的障碍。
考生要想得高分,准确掌握考纲词汇是基础,强化对多义词的掌握和对重难点词的积累是关键。
超重点1词义理解——考纲生僻词汇强化记忆[强化1]动词动词及其短语的灵活运用是英语的特色之一,也是考生备考时的难点,因此每年都是完形填空的考查重点。
做这类题时,考生不仅要掌握各项的具体含义,还要结合语境确定答案。
从近三年的高考试题来看,其中不乏高频词汇之外的考纲内词汇,这就需要考生备考时做好知识储备。
[典例1](2019·天津卷)After sharing the story online, I heard from someone,who 22 the lady as Erin Smith. Without 23.delay, I called to thank her. She said she 24.spotted my wallet on a bus seat.22.A.selected B.appointedC.identified D.defined[解析]C考查动词。
根据语境,我上网发帖,有人告诉我说他认出了那位女士,她是Erin Smith。
A项意为“选择”;B项意为“任命”;C项意为“认出”;D项意为“给……下定义”。
结合语境,故选C。
[典例2](2018·浙江卷6月)Once that happened, I just kept 44.pushing my studying further and further back in my day. Then I got to the point where I was 45 really late at night to get my work done.45.A.hanging out B.staying upC.jogging round D.showing off[解析]B考查动词短语。
根据语境可知,我的这种拖延的习惯后来使我都要熬夜(staying up)到很晚才能完成作业。
hang out闲逛;jog round围绕……慢跑;show off炫耀。
[强化2]名词高考完形填空对名词的考查主要分为两类:一是考查语境和词的匹配,此时所给选项的词形和词义往往不同,需要考生根据上下文或提示确定答案;二是四个选项或其中几个选项的词形或含义相近,需要考生进行辨析。
从近几年的高考题来看,第一类考查频率较高。
[典例](2019·天津卷)The 17.heart-stopping moment was quickly followed by mental math. How much time and money would it cost to replace the __18__ of that little wallet?The credit cards, the driver’s license, the cash, all lost to the bus.18.A.parts B.contentsC.details D.ingredients[解析]B考查名词。
根据后面的“The credit cards,the driver’s license,the cash”可知,本处谈的是“钱包里的东西(内容)”。
B项意为“内容”。
结合语境,故选B。
[强化3]形容词和副词[典例1](2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Hearing these stories, I’m __44__ about the place—otherdestinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.44.A.silent B.skepticalC.serious D.crazy[解析]B考查形容词。
上文提到乞力马扎罗山已经遭到破坏,我对这个地方开始持怀疑态度——其他的目的地被描述为“更纯粹”的自然体验。
silent“沉默的”;skeptical“怀疑的”;serious“严肃的”;crazy“疯狂的”。
结合语境,故选B。
[典例2](2018·江苏卷)The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot 45.harder than they remember it was in their 20s. Raynor 46.ached all over and desired a bath. Moth, meanwhile, after an initial 47.struggle,__found his symptoms were strangely 48.reduced by their daily tiring journey.__49__,the couple found that their bodies turned for the better, with refound strong muscles that they thought had 50.lost forever.49.A.Initially B.EventuallyC.Temporarily D.Consequently[解析]B考查副词。
最后,这对夫妇发现他们的身体好转。
eventually“最后,终于”,符合语境。
完形填空选项中所给的词,是平时训练或阅读材料中出现频率较低的考纲词汇,如果平时不注意积累,考试时也就无法理解上下文提示,考生就容易失分。
本书晨背部分对考纲词汇进行过滤筛选,按字母排序对生僻动词、动词短语、名词、形容词和副词进行总结。
请背诵晨背P10完形填空生僻动词选项小结请背诵晨背P11完形填空动词短语选项小结请背诵晨背P13完形填空生僻名词选项小结请背诵晨背P14完形填空生僻形容词选项小结请背诵晨背P15完形填空常考副词选项小结超重点2词汇活用——多义词语多积累,熟词生义巧推断一词多义和熟词生义是近几年高考完形填空中不断出现的词汇活用现象。
在英语中,除了术语以外,单义词是很少的,多数的词都是多义词,而往往词的意思越多,它的使用频率就越高。
对一些熟悉单词的生僻含义,或者一些多义词在语境中的具体含义,考生往往把握不准,对做题造成了很大的障碍。
所以考生在备考时要注意根据单词本义以及词根推断单词的生僻意义,并尽可能多地掌握多义词的含义。
[典例](2018·北京卷)Mr. Smith’s act __30__ much of the public’s attention. He also won praise from social media users after Mr. Anderson 31.posted about the act of kindness on Facebook.Now Mr. Anderson has set up an online campaign to 32.raise money for Mr. Smith and other homeless people in the area, which by yesterday had received £8,000.30.A.gave B.paidC.cast D.drew[解析]D考查动词和熟词生义。
史密斯先生的行为引起了公众的广泛关注。
draw one’s attention意为“引起某人的注意”。
[典例](2018·浙江卷6月)He said without the job, he would 49.simply have too much time and would just do what I did back in 50.college. He said that if he 51.quit the job, he would lose his __52__ to work and succeed.52.A.heart B.chanceC.drive D.way[解析]C考查名词和熟词生义。
根据语境可知,此处表示“如果辞职,他就会失去工作和成功的动力”。
drive在此处为名词,意为“驱动,推动力”,符合语境。
drive的熟义:v.驾驶,开车。