专四阅读考纲解读

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专四阅读书目大纲

专四阅读书目大纲
专四阅读书目大纲一开始先给出自己的核心观点，然后具体一步步论证。

因此，这类文章的主题句往往出现在首段或段首句。

文章的首段或尾段往往提出或总结出文章的主旨或结论。

在其他结构的文章中，首段的末句或第二段的首句也是主题句的高发命题点，特别是当文章的首句后出现转折性陈述，而所涉及的主体事物没有发生转变时，那么文章的主题句往往是转折词后出现的与首句相对立的结论。

主题句在末段出现的情况相对比较少，只有当文章首句出现了转折性的陈述，而且观点和论述的主体事物均发生了改变，主题句才会在文章结尾出现。

复杂句包括各种插入语、长句、从句、不定式等，命题者主要考查考生对句子之间的指代关系、文章段落的理解等等。

解答这类阅读题时，考生一定要注意弄清复杂句的层次逻辑关系。

复杂句尤其是表示条件或让步的主从复合句中也常暗含着作者
的观点和态度；特殊句型或特殊句式及虚拟语气也以不同一般陈述句的方式，预示着所说内容的重要，这部分内容一般是与作者的观点态度有着密切的关系。

因果关系的句子也是命题者所青睐的出题来源，因为因果句阐述了两个事件或者事实之间的内在联系，是作者进行分析或者得出结论的地方。

出题者为了考查考生的阅读能力和逻辑分析能力，经常会把含有因果关系的句子倒过来考，因此选项中因变成了果、果变成了因，
考生需要注意辨别实际的因果关系，防止受到迷惑。

英语专业四级阅读真实文章解读

英语专业四级阅读真实文章解读在英语专业四级考试中，阅读部分占据了相当大的比重，其中真实文章解读更是考察学生对英语文章的理解和分析能力。

在本文中，将针对英语专业四级阅读真实文章解读部分进行详细解析，帮助考生提升阅读能力和解题技巧。

一、理解文章主旨在进行真实文章解读时，首先需要确保对文章的主旨有清晰的理解。

在阅读文章的过程中，可以通过注意文章的标题、首段和结尾来初步了解文章的主题。

而在具体解读文章时，需要注意抓住作者的中心思想和观点，理解文章的逻辑结构和论证方式。

通过对整篇文章的梳理和分析，可以更好地把握文章的主旨。

二、理解词汇和句子在阅读真实文章时，遇到一些生词或者复杂的句子时，需要注意对其进行理解。

可以通过上下文的信息进行猜测和推断，寻找线索来弄清楚词语的意思。

在解读句子时，要注意句子的主谓宾等基本句型结构，尤其是长句，可以通过拆分句子进行理解。

通过对文章中的词汇和句子进行准确理解，可以提高对文章整体的理解程度。

三、解析作者观点和态度真实文章往往涉及到作者的观点和态度，阅读过程中要通过细致的分析找出作者的立场，并理解作者对于某个观点或者事件的看法。

可以通过作者使用的词语和表达方式来推测作者的态度，如使用明确的肯定或否定词语、使用比较级或最高级的形容词等。

同时也要注意识别作者所提供的论据和例证，从而更好地理解作者观点的支持和论证方式。

四、把握文章结构和逻辑关系在解读真实文章时，需要理解文章的整体结构和各段之间的逻辑关系。

可以通过关注段落开头和结尾的过渡性词语，如“首先”、“最后”等，来把握文章的层次结构。

此外，要注意识别文章中的因果关系、比较关系、并列关系等逻辑关系，从而更好地理清文章的脉络。

五、做好细节理解和推断真实文章中常常会包含一些细节信息，学生需要通过仔细阅读和理解，准确把握其中的细节内容。

同时，在解读文章时还需要注意推断能力的培养，通过推理和猜测得出一些可能的答案。

通过对文章细节的理解和推断，可以更好地解答细节题和推理题。

英语专业四级阅读理解题型分类解析

英语专业四级阅读理解题型分类解析专四阅读除了掌握一定的答题技巧外，我们还可以从题型特点出发，针对不同类型的考题进行备考练习。

根据考纲的要求，阅读题型可以分为六类，分别是主旨类、态度类、细节类、推理类、词汇类和指代类。

1. 主旨类主旨类题型要求考生能从整体上把握文章大意，能准确无误地理解作者的观点、论述方式和逻辑。

此类题型常见的提问形式有What is the main idea (subject) of this passage ?What is this passage mainly (primarily)concerned with ?The main theme of this passage is .The main point of the passage is .It is clear from this passage that .解答此类题型，需要完整阅读全文，最好的办法是列出提纲和小标题，先在心里自己总结一下全文的主旨，再对比选项进行选择。

此类题型常见的干扰项有几种。

一种是基本观点错误，即选项表述的内容与阅读文章中的观点相左，这是比较容易判断的一类。

另一种是观点表述不全面，选项中的陈述仅选取了文章中的分论点之一进行说明，而忽略了文中其他主要内容，以偏概全，这样的干扰项因为与文章内容相似度高，观点准确，因此迷惑性较大，需要缜密地思维和谨慎地判断。

第三种干扰项是对主题的总结过于宽泛，涵盖了文章中没有涉及的内容，这一类型虽然不常见，但却是最隐蔽、最容易造成判断失误的陷阱。

2. 态度类此类题型比主旨类题型稍难，因为需要在把握全文大意的基础上，体会作者想要表达的态度。

解答此类题目，首先需要对描述态度的词汇熟悉，否则就根本无法答题。

以下是常见的态度题型选项中出现的词汇：表示赞许、支持、喜爱的positive 肯定的，实际的，积极的，确实的favorable 赞成的，有利的，赞许的，良好的approval 赞成，承认，正式批准enthusiastic 狂热的，热心的，积极的supportive 支持的，支援的defensive 为……而辩护;防守的表示否定、反对、批评的negative 否定的，消极的disapproval 不赞成objection 异议opposition 反对hostile 敌对的，有敌意的critical 批评的contemptuous 轻蔑的，侮辱的ironic 说反话的，讽刺的sarcastic 反讽的表示质疑、不解的suspicious 可疑的，怀疑的doubtful 可疑的，不确的，疑心的puzzling 使迷惑的，使莫明其妙的表示客观、中立、公平的objective 客观的neutral 中立的impartial 公平的，不偏不倚的disinterested 无私的impersonal 非个人的unprejudiced 没有偏见的unbiased 没有偏见的detached 不含个人偏见的其他reserved 有所保留的，保留意见的radical 激进的moderate 适度的，适中的mild 温和的，温柔的，轻微的，适度的indignant 愤怒的，愤慨的concerned 关注的subjective 主观的pessimistic 悲观的unconcerned / indifferent 不关心的 / 漠然的有的文章中，作者观点明确，文章基调清楚，只要抓住关键词，就可以准确无误地回答。

英语专业四级完型题阅读题详讲

应对策略：寻读（scanning），定位相关代词的出处，离它最近且单复数一致的名词即是。注意英语中“they”既可指代人也可指代物。
应对策略：推理类题，可能是针对文章整体也可能是针对某个细节。
如果是前者，跳读（skimming）文章的开头、结尾及段落的首句和尾句。即可得出答案。
如果是后者，寻读（scanning）相应段落并仔细研读相应细节。
词汇类
According to the author ,the word "…"means_______.
3
(2 )What does “they” satnd for in Line 3, Paragraph 2?
4
What does “their” satnd for in Line 3, Paragraph 2?
5
What does “its” refer to in Line 3, Paragraph 2?
所选的单词或短语是否符合本句内容，使上下文连贯和谐，与全文意义相协调。
所选的单词或短语是否符合某种固定搭配。
所选的单词或短语是否符合某种句型、时态、语态的特殊要求。
所选词本身或附近的词有无特殊要求，必要时对个别答案仍需推敲，发现不妥，要重新考虑，但应慎重，无绝对把握，仍应相信第一感觉。
从以下几方面对所选答案进行核查：
语篇线索：有时完形填空的各选项同为表示一定逻辑关系或承接关系的词或词组。选项同为单词时首先看四个选项是否词性相同。若连词、副词混杂，先分析原句成分是否完整，可参考标点符号或其他连词的存在。确定所需的词性后，再判断逻辑题在原文中所涉及的范围。有时只是几个词之间的关系。常出现在完形填空部分的逻辑关系表示方式有连词、副词、语气词及插入语、词组（介词词组）等。

专四阅读详解

星期1 MondayNothing seek, nothing find.没有追求就没有收获。

I still remember — my hands and my fingertips still remember! — what used to lie in store for us on our return to school from the holidays. The trees in the schoolyard would be in full leaves again, and the old leaves would be lying around in scattered heaps like a muddy sea of leaves.“Get that all swept up!” the headmaster would tell us. “I want the whole place cleaned up, at once!” There was enough work there, to last for over a week. Especially since the only tools with which we were provided were our hands, our fingers, our nails. “Now see that it‟s done properly, and be quick about it,” the headmaster would say to the older pupils, “or you‟ll have to answer for it!”So at an order from the older boys we would all line up like peasants about to cut and gather in crops. If the work was not going as quickly as the headmaster expected, the big boys, instead of giving us a helping hand, used to find it simpler to whip us with branches pulled from the trees. In order to avoid these blows, we used to bribe our tyrants with the juicy cakes we used to bring for our midday meal. And if we happened to have any money on us the coins changed hands at once. If we did not do this, if we were afraid of going home with an empty stomach or an empty purse, the blows were re-doubled. They hit us so violently and with such devilish enjoyment that even a deaf and dumb person would have realized that we were being flogged not so much to make us work harder, but rather to beat us into a state of obedience in which we would be only too glad to give up our food and money.Occasionally one of us, worn out by such calculated cruelty, would have the courage to complain to the headmaster. He would of course be angry, but the punishment he gave the older boys was always very small — nothing compared to what they had done to us. And the fact is that however much we complained our situation did not improve in the slightest. Perhaps we should have let our parents know what was going on, but somehow we never dreamed of doing so; I don‟t know whether it was loyalty or pride that kept us silent, but I can see now that we were foolish to keep quiet about it, for such beatings were completely foreign to our nature.1. From the way the headmaster spoke, we can learn that[A] he was ordering the older boys to do the work at once.[B] he actually expected everyone to join the work.[C] he did not care who did the work provided it was done quickly and properly.[D] he wanted the older boys to take the responsibility rather than work themselves.2. The older boys beat the younger ones so hard because[A] they were too lazy to work themselves and enjoyed being cruel.[B] they knew this would make them offer bribes and food and money.[C] the headmaster would be angry with them if the work was not done.[D] the younger ones would work much faster and harder.3. What would some of the younger ones occasionally do if they‟re beaten?[A] Bribe the older ones with their midday meals.[B] Give any money they have to the older ones.[C] Bear the cruelty without daring to say a word.[D]Tell the headmaster about what had happened.4. What‟s the result of boys‟ complaining to the headmaster about their sufferings?[A] The older boys were taught a good lesson.[B] The older boys got a suitable punishment.[C] It only made matters worse.[D] It made no difference at all.5. It is implied in the passage that[A] the headmaster was very unreasonable since he put the older boys in charge of the work.[B] the younger boys were quite willing to offer their food and money for they were obedient.[C] the older boys didn‟t get any punishment because they had had the work finished quickly.[D] the writer seems to feel regret for not having told their parents about their sufferings at school.Text BUniversal values are always to be found underlying the Olympic Games: participation, enthusiasm, courage, commitment, loyalty, determination, will and true nobility of soul. During the 17 days of fierce competition, with the support of strength and technique, the world‟s champions will be decided by their own strength, determination and skill, determining those who will take pride of place in the Olympic hall of fame.Torino 2006 is a unique occasion to be there, to breathe in the Olympic atmosphere, to experience the culture of the Games in person, to discover the character of the city and region, its historical, cultural, sporting and cooking traditions.The values of brotherhood and dialogue between people and their cultures, making the Olympic Games such a unique sporting event, will be celebrated by athletes marching and waving their national flags and colors. The Italian style and creativity will be expressed through amazing settings, great dancings, astonishing light installations and a memorable soundtrack. Competition FacilitiesThe specially built or renovated winter sports facilities in Torino are located in a central area known as the Olympic District. The Olympic venues in Torino can be easily reached from the specially provided car parks by shuttle and public transport.LogoThe “Mole Antonelliana” takes on the resembla nce of a mountain reaching far up high, where the white of the snow meets the blue of the sky. The Torino 2006 Olympic Games Logo is the perfect synthesis of geographical, emotional and cultural meaning. The geometric forms of the ice crystals which form the heart of the Mole — the symbolic essence of the city of Torino — are interwoven to form a closely woven net: the web, token of technology, but in particular of the eternal spirit of communion between nations, which the Olympic Games have represented rightfrom their creation.The ideals linked to the logo reflect the very nature of the Games:City/Culture — mountain/nature relationship: the logo recalls not only the Mole Antonelliana (the city and architecture) but also the Alpine peaks (the unspoilt nature of the mountain districts), expressing a sense of exchange and interaction between the alpine resorts and the city.Transparency: the mountains are not seen as an obstruction but rather as a gateway between Torino and the rest of the world. They do not hinder interchange between populations with different cultural traditions, but rather enhance it. The sheer force of the multicultural issues adds prestige and emotional value to the Olympic Games.Dynamism: Torino is always on the move and the passion with which it takes on the role of host city of the Games is proof of this.Design and technology: the city develops in line with the times. The most famous Italian designers contribute to make Torino one of the most fashionable cities in the world, a true trendsetter.MascotsNeve and Gliz are the Torino 2006 mascots. They are the creative idea of Portuguese designer Pedro Albuquerque, winner of the international competition held by TOROC (Torino Organizing Committee for the 20th Olympic Winter Games). She (Neve) is a soft, friendly and elegant snowball. He (Gliz) is a lively and playful ice cube. The shapes of their bodies and the sounds of their names — Neve and Gliz — remind us of the two vital elements for practicing winter sports.Together, they sum up the highest Italian and Olympic values: friendship and enthusiasm, loyalty and fun, design and the capacity to innovate.6. We can we infer from the beginning of the passage that the athletes[A] want nothing more than just participation.[B] want to perform better than anyone else in the field.[C] want to entertain the spectators in the stadium.[D] want to be as close as possible to the fastest speed.7. The underlined phrase “take pride of place” in Para. 1 means[A] to occupy the advantageous place.[B] to have the most important position.[C] to feel proud of themselves.[D] to perform very well.8. Which of the following statements is NOT true?[A] The Olympic Winter Games of Torino 2006 lasted 17 days.[B] Torino built and renovated a number of winter sports facilities for the Games.[C] The “Mole Antonelliana” is the symbol of the city of Torino.[D] The Alpine peaks prevent Torino‟s communion with the world.9. According to the passage, we know that[A] the Torino 2006 Olympic Games Logo is designed by a Portuguese designer.[B] the woven net in the logo shows that Italy is an advanced country technologically.[C] Torino likes people who move in and out constantly.[D] TOROC held an international competition for designing the mascots.10. The two most important elements for winter sports are[A] Neve and Gliz. [B] snowball and ice cube.[C] snow and ice. [D] friendship and enthusiasm.Text CIf you are running a Windows computer, you must install an array of security software to prevent an international collection of crooks, hackers, vandals and sleazy business people who aim to invade your PC through the Internet.You need a good antivirus program, a strong firewall program, an effective antispam program, and a program that specializes in stopping spyware and adware. But the fastest-growing computer security problem isn‟t viruses or other traditional malicious programs, and it can‟t be entirely defeated by using security software. It‟s called …social engineering‟, and it consists of tactics t hat try to fool users into giving up sensitive financial data that criminals can use to steal their money and even their identities.Here are a few tips to help you avoid these schemes:1. Don‟t trust email from financial institutions. Email is so easily m anipulated by crooks that you simply should never, ever consider any email from a financial institution as legitimate. The message may bear a bank‟s or a broker‟s logo, but you should never respond to such an email, and never click on any link it contains.2. Never respond to unsolicited commercial email, or spam, or even click on a link in an unsolicited commercial email. In the old days, responding to spam just got you on more spam email lists. Today, it might also result in the secret installation of a key logger or other malicious software.Besides, any company that has to resort to spam as a sales tool isn‟t likely to have a very good product to offer. Do you really think that if someone had invented a pill that enlarged breasts, he would be selling it through spam? He would have sold it to a big drug company for billions.The only safe response to spam is to ignore it and delete it.3. Don‟t download or use free software unless you are sure it‟s legitimate. Sites offering free cursors, for instance, can secretly install all sorts of bad stuff on your PC. This is especially true of free security software, which is sometimes just malicious software posing as a security program. If you suddenly see a security program pop up on your PC, don‟t trust it.There are many legitimate free programs, but check them out before downloading. Look them up on the CNET or PC Magazine websites, which review most software. If they are not covered there, assume they are not legitimate. You may pass up some free programs that are real, but it could save you from huge grief.There are some new security programs aimed directly at social-engineering cheats. A new add-on for the Firefox web browser, called Shazou, can tell you where a website‟s server is located. If you think you are on the Bank of America website, but Shazou tells you the server is in Russia, that is a clue that you are being cheated. And Symantec plans a new product called Norton Confidential that will tell you if a website appears to be a fake.The best defense against social engineering, however, is to be smart and careful.11. To prevent your PC from being invaded, you must[A] use a Windows system.[B] install all kinds of security software.[C] look out for vandals and business people.[D] not surf the Internet.12. We can infer from the second paragraph that computer-security problems[A] are caused by viruses and malicious programs.[B] can be solved by installing a range of security software.[C] make PC users let out private financial information.[D] may be made use of by criminals to steal PC users‟ computers.13. If you get an email bearing a bank‟s logo, you should[A] trust it.[B] consider whether it is legitimate.[C] respond to it immediately.[D] click on the link it contains.14. We learn from the passage that[A] opening an unsolicited commercial email will lead to more spam.[B] products sold by companies through spam are unlikely to be good.[C] there is no safe way to deal with spam.[D] there is no necessity to download free software be cause it‟s too dangerous.15. If you want to make sure whether a free program is legitimate or not, you should[A] turn to the CNET or PC Magazine websites.[B] install a new Firefox web browser.[C] turn to Shazou for help.[D] use Norton Confidential to identify.Text DA second conclusion to be drawn from experience is the close connection between export expansion and economic development. The high-growth countries were characterized by rapid expansion in exports. Here again it is important to note that export expansion was not confined to those countries fortunate in their natural resources, such as the oil-exporting countries. Some of the developing countries were able to expand their exports in spite of limitations in natural resources by initiating economic policies that shifted resources from inefficient domestic manufacturing industries to export production. Nor was export expansion from the developing countries confined to primary products. There was very rapid expansion of exports of labor-intensive manufactured goods. Countries that adopted export-oriented development strategies experienced extremely high rates of growth that were regarded as unattainable in the 1950s and 1960s. They were also able to maintain their growth momentum during periods of worldwide recession better than were the countries that maintained their import substitution policies.Analysts have pointed to a number of reasons why the export-oriented growth strategy seems to deliver more rapid economic development than the import substitution strategy. First, a developing country able to specialize in producing labor-intensive commodities uses its comparative advantage in the international market and is also better able to use its most abundant resource — unskilled labor. The experience of export-oriented countries has been that there is little or no disguised unemployment once labor-market regulations are cancelled and incentives are created for individual firms to sell in the export market. Second, most developing countries have such small domestic markets that efforts to grow by starting industries that rely on domestic demand result in uneconomically small, inefficient enterprises. Moreover, those enterprises willtypically be protected from international competition and the incentives it provides for efficient production techniques. Third, an export-oriented strategy is inconsistent with the impulse to impose detailed economic controls; the absence of such controls, and their replacement by incentives, provides a great stimulus to increases in output and to the efficiency with which resources are employed. The increasing capacity of a developing country‟s entrepreneurs to adapt their resources and internal economic organization to the pressures of world-market demand and international competition is a very important connecting link between export expansion and economic development. It is important in this connection to stress the educative effect of freer international trade in creating an environment conducive to the acceptance of new ideas, new wants, and new techniques of production and methods of organization from abroad.16. According to the passage, how do developing countries expand the export?[A] By limiting import.[B] By exploring more natural resources.[C] By transmitting resources to export production.[D] By shifting resources to primary products.17. What‟s NOT true about export expansion?[A] It fulfills the previous unattainable growth.[B] It can overcome recession.[C] It promotes economic growth more rapidly than import.[D] It‟s inadaptable to countries scarce in natural resources.18. The export-oriented strategy is important to developing countries because[A] it helps to export their natural resources.[B] it helps to make good use of their unskilled labor.[C] it helps to meet the growing need of import.[D] it helps to stimulate the domestic need.19. What is the author‟s attitude towards “freer international trade”?[A] Critical. [B] Approving. [C] Questioning. [D] Subjective.20. This passage is mainly about[A] export-oriented strategy. [B] export expansion.[C] import expansion. [D] economic development.语境词汇Text A1. whip v.鞭打；搅打（奶油、蛋等）n.鞭子2. blow n.（用拳、武器等的）一击,殴打v.吹，刮；使开花3. devilish a.恶魔般的，凶神恶煞的4. flog v.多次重打；鞭打5. obedience n.服从，顺从6. calculated a.存心的，预先设计好的7. in the slightest 根本，一点儿也…（常用于否定句中）8. be foreign to和…无关Text B1. in person 亲身，亲自2. by shuttle 搭乘往返班车3. renovate v.改建，修葺；更新4. take on the resemblance of 呈现与…的相似性5. eternal a.永恒的；永久的6. synthesis n.交融，融合；综合(体)7. unspoilt a.未被破坏的Text C1. malicious a.恶意的；恶毒的2. tactic n.方案，策略；战术3. legitimate a.合法的；合情合理的4. scheme n.阴谋，伎俩；方案v.策划；搞阴谋5. manipulate vt.操纵，控制6. resort to 依靠，凭借7. review n.评论；温习；检查v.对…下评论；温习；检查8. pass up 错过Text D1. be confined to… 局限于…2. be fortunate in natural resource自然资源丰富3. initiate vt.创始，新采取4. labor-intensive a.劳动密集型的5. be inconsistent with… 与…背道而驰，与…相抵触6. incentive n.刺激，诱因7. be conducive to… 有益于…难句突破Text A1. They hit us so violently and with such devilish enjoyment that even a deaf and dumb person would have realized that we were being flogged not so much to make us work harder, but rather to beat us into a state of obedience in which we would be only too glad to give up our food and money.【分析】复合句。

解读英语专四阅读考试大纲

解读英语专四阅读考试大纲在英语专业四级考试的诸多题型中，阅读题型是考察教学大纲执行情况和考生掌握语言综合情况的重要检测手段，同时也是考生失分较为严重的题型之一。

结合考试真题深入分析解题误区并积极探讨高效解题策略，既能帮助考生把握该题型的肯綮，也有利于夯实英语专业基本技能训练的基础。

解读英语专四阅读大纲命题难度从选材的角度看，专业四级考试大纲对阅读材料的难度要求做了如下暗示：英美国家出版的中等难度的文章和材料;难度相当于美国Newsweek的国际新闻报道;难度相当于Sons and Lovers的文学原著。

从设题角度来看，近几年的真题中推断题有增多的趋势，提高了对考生在理解文章基础上进行推理和概括能力的要求，相应地，也就提高了对考生应试技巧的要求。

选材特点在体裁方面，大纲要求充分体现其多样性，体裁包括记叙文、描写文、说明文、议论文以及广告、说明书、图表等应用文体，但主要以议论文或说明文为主，每套试题中兼顾一篇记叙文或描写文等。

阅读理解文章的来源多为英语国家原版报刊或书籍，大多数为论说性文章，考生应该注意这种倾向。

阅读材料的语言难度中等,重点词汇基本上不超出大纲规定的范围。

在题材方面，专业四级阅读选材非常广泛。

内容涉及社会、科技、文化、经济、日常知识和人物传记等。

选取的文章主要反映当年或近几年的社会热点问题，如美国、英国、加拿大和日本等发达国家广泛关注的社会话题与热点问题，其中又以英语国家的话题和问题为主。

例如，2012年第二篇围绕经济危机对美国家庭的影响展开说明;2012年第三篇围绕美国大学毕业生失业问题展开讨论。

伴随高科技的快速发展，其对社会发展的影响日益显著，2011年第一篇讨论了科技发展对阅读的影响;2010年第一篇讨论了成功的科学家的思维和行为方式;2010年第二篇则从另一个侧面揭示了人类的求知欲和大自然的神秘，对秘鲁纳斯卡线神秘现象进行了探讨,认为互联网有可能帮助人们解开迷团。

伴随信息化时代的到来，手机日益成为工作、生活不可或缺的重要组成部分，2006年的第一篇和2009年的第二篇就分别对手机的社会影响和社交功用进行了考查。

英语专业四级阅读理解讲义

英语专业四级阅读理解讲义（2010）1．测试要求：(1) 能读懂英美国家出版的中等难度的文章和材料..(2) 能读懂难度相当于美国Newsweek的国际新闻报道.(3) 能读懂难度相当于Sons and Lovers 的文学原著4) 能掌握所读材料的主旨大意,了解说明主旨大意的事实和细节;既理解字面意思,又能根据所读材料进行判断和推理;既能理解个别句子的意义,也理解上下文的逻辑关系.(5) 能在阅读中根据需要自觉调整阅读速度和阅读技巧.(6) 考试时间25分钟2．测试形式测试形式采用多项选择题,由数篇阅读材料组成.阅读材料共长1800个单词左右.每篇材料后有若干道题.学生应根据所读材料内容,从每道题的四个选项中选出一个最佳的答案.共20道题,3．测试目的本部分测试学生通过阅读获取有关信息的能力,考核学生掌握相关阅读策略和技巧的程度.既要求准确性,也要求一定的速度.阅读速度为每分钟120个单词.4．选材原则：(1 )题材广泛,包括社会、科技、文化、经济、日常知识、人物传记等.(2)体裁多样,包括记叙文、描写文、说明文、议论文、广告、说明书、图表等.(3) 阅读材料的语言难度中等,关键词汇基本上不超出<<大纲>>规定的范围.通过对历年英语专业四级试卷的内容和学生考卷情况的分析，发现学生暴露出以下几个问题：(1)掌握的词汇量太少，未能达到高校英语专业四级考试大纲所规定的相应的词汇量，造成阅读材料中的生词较多。

(2)对英语特殊的表达方式不能充分理解，因而仅仅能够理解字面上的意思，而不能体会字里行间所隐含的意义。

(3)存在不良的阅读习惯，导致阅读速度慢、效率低。

(4)阅读时间、答题时间和检查时间的分配不尽合理，在个别难题上花费过多的时间和精力。

(5)知识面过于狭窄，对一些基本的人文知识和科普常识，知之甚少或者一无所知，造成一定的阅读理解障碍。

(6)未能完全掌握或充分利用行之有效的阅读方法和阅读技巧，造成考试时间紧迫，来不及完成阅读任务或答题任务，更谈不上重读和检查。

专四专八阅读题型详解

专四专八阅读题型详解专四和专八是中国对英语水平进行考核的两项重要考试。

其中，阅读理解是考试中的一大重点。

本文将详细解析专四专八阅读理解题型，帮助考生更好地备考。

1. 主旨大意题：这类题目要求考生从整篇文章中抓取主要信息，概括出文章的中心思想。

解答这类题目，考生需要快速阅读全文，注意文章开头和结尾的段落，了解作者的立场和意图，然后根据文章的关键词和句子进行筛选和总结。

2. 细节理解题：这类题目要求考生找到文章中具体的信息细节。

考生需要仔细阅读文章，注意关键词和句子，寻找与题目相关的具体内容。

常见的解题方法包括与选项进行对照，排除干扰信息，进行归纳总结。

3. 推理判断题：这类题目要求考生根据文章中的线索进行推理判断，得出结论。

考生需要运用自己的逻辑思维和背景知识，结合文章中给出的信息进行分析推断。

解答这类题目时，要注意排除个人偏见和主观臆断，依据文章中的明确信息进行推理。

4. 词义推测题：这类题目要求考生根据上下文的语境推测出某个词或短语的意思。

考生需要仔细阅读前后文的句子，理解句子之间的联系，并根据语境推断出词语的含义。

一些常见的线索包括同义词、反义词、例子、解释等。

5. 段落标题题：这类题目要求考生为文章的每个段落选取一个恰当的标题。

解答这类题目时，考生需要通过整体把握文章结构和各段之间的逻辑关系，找出段落的主题和中心思想，选取与之最符合的标题。

以上是对专四专八阅读题型的详细解析。

考生在备考过程中，应针对不同题型采用相应的解题技巧，提高阅读理解的能力。

多做练习题，并结合真题进行练习和总结，不断提高自己的阅读效率和准确度。

加强英语阅读训练，扩大词汇量，增强阅读速度和理解能力，是提高专四专八阅读水平的有效途径。

英语专业四级阅读

英语专业四级阅读理解辅导
Outline
1、英语专业四级考试阅读试题简介及新
变化 2、应试阅读与解题技巧 3、四级阅读练习（体裁分类）
考试内容

考试共有六个部分：一、写作二、听写三、听力理解四、完形填空五、语法及词汇六、阅读理解。前两部分需时60分钟，后四部分需时80分钟，整个考试需时140分钟。及格标准： TEM4考试以60分为及格分数。考试及格者由高等院校外语专业教学指导委员会颁发成绩单。成绩分为三个等级：60-69分合格；70-79 分良好；80分以上优秀。

5．词汇类 (1)According to the author ,the word "…"means_______. (2)Which of the following is nearest in meaning to "…"? (3)The term ".."in paragraph… can be best replaced by …. (4)What’s the meaning of "…"in line …of paragraph….? (5)As used in the line …, the word "…"refers to _______. 应对策略：寻读（scanning）定位相关词的出处。根据上下文与词的构造来猜测。最好将四个选项带回文中，看看哪一个最合适。即使不是生词，也应当作生词来猜。
高校英语专业四级考试的第五部分是阅读
理解。本部分测试学生通过阅读获取有关信息的能力，考核学生掌握相关阅读策略和阅读技巧的程度；既要求阅读的准确性，也要求一定的阅读速度。阅读速度为每分钟120个单词。阅读是语言学习中最主要的输入方式，是获取信息和扩大知识最根本的途径，对培养扎实的语言基础知识具有重要的意义，在听、说、读、写、译五项基本语言技能中占据的重要地位自不待言。

2023年专四阅读详解

星期4 ThursdayBusiness is the salf of life.事业是人生的第一需要。

Text ADespite all the progress toward wo men’s equality, women who work full time are still earning only 75 cents on average to every dollar earned by men.Driving home that point, the National Committee on Pay Equity has chosen April 16 this year, to remind Americans that all women would need to work at least an extra two days in a workweek to earn almost as much as all men do in one normal workweek.Why does such a wage gap still persist?Economists differ in their explanations. And yet this income disparity is seen as a key indicator of how women are treated — in both the workplace and at home.Fortunately, the women’s movement and civil rights enforcement have ended most gender discrimination in setting wages. Now advocates are focused on ensuring that working women have female advisers and role models, while they try to remove subtle discrimination in promotions —the “glass ceiling” (指职业女性在职务提高时碰到的无形阻力)that accounts for so few women being in top management.Many economists, however, say many women have lower-paying jobs because of choices made in their home life, such as taking time out to raise children. Or women take part-time, low-wage jobs for the flexibility. When they do reenter the workforce full time, they’re often behind their working peers in pay and promotions.But as more women feel empowered to make career choices, their pay rises.Another explanation is that women d on’t r eally make the choice to drop off the career ladder or to stay at a lower job rung. They may, for example, accept the expectations of others to take traditional jobs for women, such as nursing, which have low market wages. They must often take jobs that don’t account for the unpredictability of families. Working moms may find their income can’t pay for day care, or day care doesn’t su it their child. If they are married, they may realize their husbands are not inclined to child rearing (or house chores), so they either quit work or go part time.So as their life choices seem to become a life burden, wo men’s income slips behi nd men’s. No matter what the explanation, much progress has been made in reducing the pay gap. While government still has a major role, employers can do more. Many have found a market advantage in supporting working mothers or putting women in management. And in the home, men and women are getting smarter in defining their marital relationships, often before tying the knot.Just as women now outnumber men in college, perhaps someday their average pay will surpass men’s —and that may make up for lost wages.1. April 16 has been chosen[A] to show the organi zation’s attitude towards equal pay.[B] to define the day as pay day for women who are not equally paid.[C] to make it clear that women working full time are earning less than men.[D] to remind women to work longer hours to earn as much as men.2. How can women raise their salary?[A] By going out for work instead of staying at home.[B] By asking their employer to raise their salary.[C] By sending their child to the kindergarten.[D] By having the ability to choose their jobs.3. Which of the following is NOT a traditional job for women?[A] Nurse. [B] Teacher.[C] Economist. [D] Typist.4. Which of the following statement is NOT true?[A] Wage gap servers as a key indicator of how women are treated.[B] Many women have lower-paying jobs because of house chores.[C] Some working mothers earn less than their children’s day care.[D] Many employers have already done enough to support working mothers.5. Who are expected to contribute more to narrowing the pay gap?[A] Women themselves.[B] Employers.[C] The government.[D] Men.Text BIf sustainable competitive advantage depends upon work force skills, American firms have a problem. Human-resource management is not traditionally seen as central to the competitive survival of the firm in the United States. Skill acquisition is considered an individual responsibility. Labor is simply another factor of production to be hired —rented at the lowest possible cost — much as one buys raw materials or equipment.The lack of importance attached to human-resource management can be seen in the corporate hierarchy. In an American firm the chief financial officer (CFO) is almost always second in command. The post of head of human-resource management is usually a specialized job, off at the edge of the corporate hierarchy. The executive who holds it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no chance to move up to Chief Executive Officer (CEO). By way of contrast, in Japan the head of human-resource management is central — usually the second most important execut ive, after the CEO, in the firm’s hierarchy.While American firms often talk about the vast amounts they spend in training their workforces, in fact, they invest less in the skills of their employees than do either Japanese or German firms. The money they do invest is also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees. And the limited investments that are made in training workers are also much more narrowly focused on the specific skills necessary for the next job rather than on the basic background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies.As a result, problems emerge when new breakthrough technologies arrive. If American workers, for example, take much longer to learn how to operate new flexible manufacturing stations than in Germany (as they do), the effective cost of those stations is lower in Germany than it is in the United States. More time is required before equipment is up and running at capacity, and the need for extensive retraining generates costs and creates bottlenecks that limit the speed with which new equipment can be employed. The result is a slower pace of technological change. And in the end the skills of the bottom half of the population affect the wages of the top half. If the bottom half can’t effectively start the processes that have to be operated, the management and professional jobs that go with these processes will disappear.6. In an American firm, the executive of human-resource management[A] has a position directly under the chief financial executive.[B] is one of the most important executives of the firm.[C] has no say in making important decisions of the firm.[D] is unimportant when new technologies have been introduced.7. The money most American firms put in work force training mainly goes on[A] technological and managerial staff.[B] workers who will run new equipment.[C] workers who lack basic background skills.[D] top executives.8. Technological change in American firms is slower because[A] new equipment in America is more expensive.[B] they don’t pay enough attention to the job training of their workers.[C] they are less responsive to technological changes.[D] their professional staff are less paid and so less creative.9. Which of the following applies to the management of human resources in American companies?[A] They hire people at the lowest cost regardless of their skills.[B] They see the gaining of skills as their employees’ own business.[C] They attach more importance to workers than equipment.[D] They only hire skilled workers because of keen competition.10. According to the passage, the decisi ve factor in maintaining a firm’s competitive advantage is[A] the introduction of new technologies.[B] the improvement of worker’s basic skills.[C] the rational composition of professional and managerial employees.[D] the attachment of importance to the bottom half of the employees.Text CDespite the fact that comets are probably the most numerous astronomical bodies in the solar system aside from small meteor(流星) fragments and the asteroids (小行星), they are largely a mystery. Scientists don’t know exactly what comets are or where they come from. Educated guesses are the best we have in hand.Considering the role of comets in lore, legend, and the memory of man, it is remarkable that we still know so little, relatively, about them. The most famous comet of all, Halley’s Comet (named for the man who predicted its return), was first sighted by the Chinese in 240 B.C., and it has returned to terrify the people of the world on a regular basis ever since then (last scheduled return: 1986). The ancients considered it an object of ill omen. By mysterious coincidence, the arrival of Halley’s Comet coincided with such events as the battle of Hastings in 1066, the Jewishrevolt of 66 A.D., and the last battle of Attila the Hun against the Romans. Nor is it the only comet to fill man with awe, but merely the most famous in a rich aristocracy of blood-freezers.Comets are even more fascinating to amateur astronomers than to professionals, because this is one area where amateurs can (and do) make major discoveries. Comet Ikeya Seki, one of the brightest comets to appear in last century was discovered in 1965 by a pair of Japanese amateurs, Ikeya and Seki. The person who discovers a new comet gets his (or her) name put on it. And amateurs have a head start in the race to discover new comets; the shorter focal lengths on their smaller telescopes give them a positive advantage over the huge telescope such as Mount Wilson which is built to scan for galaxies, not comparatively of short distances.Most scientists tend to agree with the astronomer Fred T. Whipple that a comet is really a large mushy snowball of frozen ices and gases (ammonia, methane, possibly carbon dioxide) with a few bits of solid particles stuck inside. But no one is sure how comets are created in the first place.Scientists believe that comets don’t exhibit their characteristic tail while they lurk far out in space away from the warmth of the sun but, rather, wander in the form of frozen lumps, like icebergs. This is the core of the comet. Only when the comet approaches the heat of the sun, does the ice begin to melt and stream away in the form of visible gases. The tails of the comet stream out behind for, literall y, astronomical distances. Halley’s Comet had a tail of 94 million miles long when it visited here in 1910. The Great Comet of 1843 had a tail of 186 million miles long.11. At the beginning of the passage, the author indicates that[A] comets are the most commonly seen astronomical bodies.[B] comets, meteor fragments and the asteroids are mysterious.[C] not much is known about comets.[D] nothing do we know about comets except guesses.12. Halley’s Comet is mentioned in paragraph 2[A] to introduce some famous historical events.[B] to explain some traditional beliefs about comets.[C] to demonstrate the harm it has done to man.[D] to show its significance to human history.13. We learn from the passage, amateur astronomers[A] began their discovery earlier than the professionals .[B] tend to be the leaders in the area of astronomy.[C] have some advantages in discovering new comets.[D] established some theories on how comets come into being.14. The core of a comet[A] has no solid form.[B] wander s like a frozen lump when it’s far out in space.[C] requires the warmth of the sun to survive.[D] is always followed by a long tail.15. Which of the following about comets is INCORRECT?[A] They are great in number.[B] Their arrivals used to frighten human beings.[C] They are named after their discoverers.[D] They are large mushy snowballs of frozen ices and gases.Text DAround the world, hearts were broken when news came that the conjoined Bijani twins had died on the operating table. Having lived in tortured unity for 29 years, they traveled form their native Iran to Singapore for the surgery meant to set them free. The doctors who performed it were distressed. When you lose a patient, particularly when the patient dies at your own hand, the heartbreak mixes with unbearable guilt. The doctors are asking themselves the same question everyone else is asking: Should they have done it?The doctors certainly knew the risk. They knew that with the women’s shared circulatory systems, the risk was great. They might have underestimated the technical challenges, but they did not deceive their patients. The sisters, highly educated and highly motivated, knew full well the risk of never waking up from the surgery.Indeed, they never did. Should the surgeons have attempted such a risky procedure on patients who were not dying, and, in fact, were not even sick?For all the regrets and second guesses, it is hard to see how the answer could have been anything but yes. The foundation of the medical vocation is that the doctor is servant to the patient’s will. Not always, of course. There are times when the doctor must say no. This was not such a time.Consider those cases in which outside values trump(占据上风) the patients-expressed desire. The first is life. Even if the patient asks you to, you may not kill him. In some advanced precincts(地区) —Holland and Oregon, for example —this is thought to be a quaint(奇怪的)idea, and the state permits physicians to perform “assisted suicide”. That is a terrible mistake, for the state and for the physician. And not only because it embarks us on a slippery slope where putting people to death in the name of some higher humanity becomes progressively.Even if there were no slippery slope, there is a deeply important principle at stake: doctors are healers, not killers. You cannot eliminate the subject you are supposedly serving — it is not just a philosophical absurdity, it constitutes the most fundamental violation of the Hippocratic oath. You are not permitted to do any harm to the patient, let alone the ultimate harm.There are other forms of self-immolation, less instantaneous and less spectacular, to which doctors may not contribute. Drug taking, for example. One could say, the patient wants it, and he knows the risks —why not give him what he wants? No. The doctor is there to help save a suffering soul from the ravages of a failing body. He is not there to ravage a healthy body in the service of a sick and self-destructive soul.The patient is sovereign and the physician’s duty is to be the servant, which is why thedoctors in Singapore were right trying to separate the twins. They were not seeking self-destruction; they were seeking liberation. And they were trying to undo a form of impairment imposed on them by nature. The extraordinary thing about their request was that it was so utterly ordinary. They were asking for nothing special, nothing superhuman, nothing radically enhancing of human nature. They were only seeking to satisfy the most simple and pedestrian of desires: to live as single human being.16. At the beginning of the passage, the author sounds towards the doctors.[A] indifferent. [B] pitiful. [C] accusing. [D] objective.17. Why does the author say “this was not such a time” in Para. 4?[A] Because the twin sisters are conjoined.[B] Because the twin sisters know the risks very well.[C] Because the operation is the twin sisters’ expressed desire.[D] Because the twin sisters are seeking liberation, not self-destruction.18. We can infer from Para. 6 that “Hippocratic oath” is[A] a philosophical conception.[B] an oath for all common citizens.[C] about the doctors’ responsibilities to the patients.[D] the doctors’ oath to serve the patients’ expressed desires.19. The author pointed out all the following facts EXCEPT that[A] the doctors do not have any responsibility for the failure of the twin sisters’ operation.[B] it is correct for the Singapore doctors to do the operation, although it failed in the end.[C] the twi n sisters’ desire is different from the desire of those who want drugs or suicide.[D] doctors should decide whether the patient is attempting self-destruction before serving his desire.20. Which would be the best title for the passage?[A] The Conjoined Sisters from Iran.[B] Should They Have Made the Attempt?[C] On Patients’Self-immolation.[D] Doctors and Patients.语境词汇Text A1. Driving home把…讲得透彻明白2. disparity n.不同，不等3. indicator n.指示者，指示器；指示牌4. enforcement n.实行，执行；强制，逼迫5. subtle a.微细的，微妙的；精致的；敏锐的6. reenter vt.重新加入，再加入7. empower vt.授权，准许8. rear vt.抚养，养育；饲养，栽培n.后部，背面9. tie the knot 结婚Text B1. sustainable a.连续的；能维持的；支撑得住的2. acquisition n.取得，获得；得到的东西3. hierarchy n.等级制度，阶层4. specific a.特定的；明确的n.特效药；详情5. extensive a.大规模的，广阔的；全面的，彻底的6. bottleneck n.瓶颈，障碍；窄路段，交通阻塞点Text C1. astronomical a.天文的2. aside from 除了…之外(尚有)3. educated a.根据知识或经验的；有教养的4. remarkable a.不平常的，值得注意到5. on a regular basis 定期地6. focal a.焦点的：focal length焦距Text D1. conjoin v.使联合，使连接：conjoined twins 连体双胞胎2. underestimate v.低估3. trump v.占据上风4. precinct n.区域；近郊5. quaint a.奇怪的；古怪的6. at stake 濒临危险7. absurdity n.荒唐，违反常理8. ravage n.蹂躏，饱受折磨9. pedestrian a.平常的；徒步的；缺少想象的n.行人难句突破Text A1. Now advocates are focused on ensuring that working women have female advisers and role models, while they try to remove subtle discrimination in promotions —the “glass ceiling” that accounts for so few women being in top management.【分析】复合句。

专四阅读考纲解读

题型分类和解题技巧
• 主旨题—考查考生对文章的主题思想、作品基调及文章大意的理解和掌握。经常出现的提问方式有：
• 解题技巧：一，依据主题句判断。二，排除法
• 细节题—主要考查考生对文章中具体信息的理解程度，如具体的时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、数字、方式等，问题通常会以 what, why, where, how, how many等疑问词或词组开头，常见的提问方式有：
三，语义对比或比较处阅读文章中，经常会出现新老观点的对比、错误与正确观点的对比、新事物与旧事物的对比，以及两种或多种事物的优点、缺点、用途、功能、原理等比较，这些对比或比较处也常常会成为设题点。有时句中会有明确地表示对比或比较关系的词语，有时也可能没有，而是暗含的对比或比较。常见的表示对比或比较关系的词或短语有while, whereas, than, compared with, in contrast to等。解题时要留意这些词或短语，并注意出现比较级、最高级的地方，另外要注意弄清对比或比较的对象。
• 解题技巧：一，要求对构词法有一定了解，要熟悉各种词根和词缀的意思。二，联系上下文。三，把所选词放到整个文章中去，结合上下文综合判断和推测该词意义。
9大阅读常设题处
一，篇首、篇尾、段首、段尾处文章的主题句经常出现在首段，段落的主题句经常出现段首。另外，首段的末句和第二段的首句也是文章主题句的高发点。文章的尾段和段落的结尾一般会是概括或总结性的陈述，经常会得出某种结论或提出某项建议。因此，文章的篇首、篇尾、段首、段尾处经常被作为篇章阅读题设题的重要题眼，而且大多是考查对文章或段落主旨的理解。例1 （2009年第81题） Do you realize that every time you take a step, the bones in you hip are subjected to forces between four and five times your body weight? When you are running, this force is increased further still… 81. According to the passage, when would most weight be imposed on hip-joints? A. When one is walking. B. When one is running. C. When one is standing. D. When one is lying down. 答案为B。事实细节题。篇首命题。

专四2023年考试大纲全面解读

专四2023年考试大纲全面解读2023年的专业四级考试即将到来，考生们都希望能够提前了解考试大纲，有针对性地进行备考。

本文将对2023年专四考试大纲进行全面解读，为考生们提供帮助和指导。

一、考试概述2023年专四考试将分为听力、阅读、翻译和写作四个模块，考试时间为3个小时。

考试共有120道选择题和2篇写作任务。

下面我们将对各个模块进行具体解读。

二、听力理解专四听力理解模块主要测试考生对于英语听力材料的理解和分析能力。

考试中将播放一系列录音，包括短对话、长对话和独白等。

考生需要根据听到的内容回答相关问题，并填写答案。

听力理解模块的重点是考察考生对于语言的听辨能力和听取有效信息能力。

备考时，建议考生多进行听力训练，提高听力水平。

三、阅读理解专四阅读理解模块主要测试考生对于英语文章的理解和分析能力。

考试中将提供多篇英语文章，考生需要仔细阅读文章，并回答相关问题。

阅读理解模块的重点是考察考生的阅读能力、理解能力以及推理判断能力。

备考时，考生可以通过多读英语文章，提高自己的阅读速度和理解能力。

四、翻译专四翻译模块主要测试考生的英译汉和汉译英能力。

考试中将提供一段英文短文和一段中文短文，考生需要分别将其翻译成另一种语言。

翻译模块的重点是考察考生的语言表达能力和翻译技巧。

备考时，考生可以多练习翻译，增加自己的词汇量和语法运用能力。

五、写作专四写作模块主要测试考生的写作能力和表达能力。

考试中将提供两个写作任务，一个是图表作文，另一个是议论文。

考生需要根据题目要求，完成文章的写作。

写作模块的重点是考察考生的组织能力、语言表达能力以及批判性思维能力。

备考时，考生可以多练习写作，提高自己的写作水平和思维逻辑能力。

六、总结2023年专四考试大纲全面涵盖了听力、阅读、翻译和写作四个模块。

考生们在备考过程中，应该重点关注每个模块的要求和考点，并合理安排时间，进行有针对性的复习和训练。

通过充分了解和掌握考试大纲，考生们能够更好地备考，取得优异的成绩。

2023年专四阅读理解题型分解要点

专四考前阅读冲刺要点练习以全真题为主注意控制时间严格按照阅读理解解题环节做完后总结得失、避免再犯同类错误总之: 适量练习、多体会、多总结阅读理解五步法第一步:预览全文了解大意(高度的概括能力:弄清文章的topic,thesis,structure)第二步:扫描题干拟定关键(拟定题干关键词有助于在阅读时忽略大量细节,提高阅读速度)第三步:通读全文定位出处(快速的定位能力:定位significant details)第四步:缩小范围仔细研读(准确的推断能力:记住每个答案必在文中找到根据)第五步:平均用力适当放弃(当机立断,迷惑性太大的题目凭第一直觉,不要踌躇不决,不要花太多时间)专四阅读理解题型分析及应对策略1. 主旨类(1)What is the main idea (subject) of this passage ?(2)What does this passage mainly (primarily)concerned ?(3)The main theme of this passage is ___________.(4)The main point of the passage is__________.(5)Which of the following is the best title for the passage ?(6)The title that best expresses the theme of the passage is ___________.(7)On which of the following subject would the passage most likely be found ina textbook ?(8)The purpose of the writer in writing this passage _________.(9)Which of the following best describes the passage as a whole ?应对策略: 跳读（skimming）文章的开头、结尾及段落的首句和尾句。

专四考试阅读题型解析

专四考试阅读题型解析2018年专四考试阅读题型解析perseverance is falling nineteen times and succeeding the twentieth. 以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2018年专四考试阅读题型解析，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!A wise man once said that the only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing. So, as a police officer, I have some urgent things to say to good people.Day after day my men and I struggle to hold back a tidal wave of crime. Something has gone terribly wrong with our once-proud American way of life. It has happened in the area of values.A key ingredient is disappearing, and I think I know what it is: accountability (责任感).My job as a police pfficer is to impose accountability on people who refuse, or have never learned, to impose it on themselves. But as every policeman knows, external control on people's behavior is far less effective than internal restraints such as guilt, shame and embarrassment.Fortunately there are still communities—smaller towns, usually—where schools maintain discipline and where parents hold up standards that proclaim:"In this family certain things are not tolerated—they simply are not done!"Yet more and more, especially in our large cities and suburbs, these inner restraints are loosening. Your typical robber has none. He considers your property his property; he takes what he wants, including your life if you enrage him.The main cause of this break-down is a radical shift in attitudes. Thirty years ago, if a crime was committed, society wasconsidered the victim. Now, in a shocking reversal, it's the criminal who is considered victimized: by his underprivileged upbringing, by the school that didn't teach him to read, by the church that failed to reach him with moral guidance, by the parents who didn't provide a stable home.I don't believe it. Many others in equally disadvantaged circumstances choose not to engage in criminal activities. If we free the criminal, even partly, from accountability, we become a society of endless excuses where no one accepts responsibility for anything.Americans desperately need more people who believe that the person who commits a crime is the one responsible for it.1. What the wise man said suggests that______.A. it's certain that evil will prevail if good men do nothing about itB. it's unnecessary for good people to do anything in face of evilC. it's only natural for virtue to defeat evilD. it's desirable for good men to keep away from evil2. According to the author, if a person is found guilty of a crime, ______.A. society is to be held responsibleB. modern civilization is responsible for itC. the standards of living should be improvedD. the criminal himself should bear the blame3. Compared with those in small towns, people in large cities haveA. better sense of disciplineB. more mutual respectC. less effective governmentD. less self-discipline4. The writer is sorry to have noticed that______.A. people in large cities tend to excuse criminalsB. people in small towns still stick to old discipline and standardsC. today's society lacks sympathy for people in difficultyD. people in disadvantaged circumstances are engaged in criminal activities5. The key point of the passage is thatA. stricter discipline should be maintained in schools and familiesB. more good examples should be set for people to followC. more people should accept the value of accountabilityD. more restrictions should be imposed on people参考答案1. A2. D3. D4. A5. C。

TEM 4 reading 英语专业四级

How to deal with TEM-4 reading?
基本技巧
首先，在提高阅读基本功方面，一要加强词汇识别能
力，尤其是通过上下文理解词汇的能力；二要学会分析理解长难句；三要了解和掌握一些英语国家和世界其他国家的政治、经济、文化、历史和社会等背景及科技发展动态、热门话题乃至西方人思维、交流方式等非语言性知识。建议大家多浏览《读者文摘》、《新闻周刊》等刊物的英文网站。因为从这些刊物中选取的文章在专业四级阅读中所占比重较大，考生可以广泛阅读，从而培养语感。
历年专业四级英语阅读题的题型可以概括为 5种：事实细节题推理判断题主旨大意题语义理解题观点态度题
(一)事实细节题该题型主要考查学生对阅读材料中的某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解能力，问题主要包括询问人(who)、物(what)、时间(when)、地点 (where)、原因(cause)、结果(effect)以及文中数据(data)等。此类题更多地倾向于将题目中的信息与原文有关细节信息进行语义上的转换，在转换过程中，做题时易犯的错误是未注意到转换的准确性，常常将细节信息中的范围、程度、语义色彩等改变，从而导致错误。有时命题人会故意利用一些貌合神离的手段，比如给出与原文中一模一样的字眼来迷惑考生，让考生不假思索地选定答案，而实际上选项中的字眼与文中的相同字眼却不是对应同一事情。这就要求正确答案应与文中的细节相对应。
细节题
At the beginning Miss Eyre‘s impressions of Mr. C Rochester were all EXCEPT_____. A. A. busy B. sociable C. friendly D.changable For several days I saw little of Mr. Rochester. In the morning he seemed much occupied with business, and in the afternoon gentlemen from the neihborhood called and sometimes stayed to dine with him. When his foot was well enough, he rode out a great deal. During this time, all my knowlege of him was limited to occasional meetings about the house, when he would sometimes pass me coldly, and sometimes bow and smile. His changes of manner did not offend me, because I saw that I had nothing to do with the cause of them.

英语专业四级考试阅读分析

读者只需要在很短的时间内找到一个数字、一个人名或是一个单词等单个信息点。经过一定的训练，读者可以轻而易举地在一分钟内完成对一篇数千字文章的寻读，并找到所需的信息点。
21
进行寻读时，不能一行一行地搜寻，而应该一目数行，快速定位。寻读的关键是要将所需搜寻的信息点牢记在心。
当你带着某些信息的形象去进行寻读时，文章中符合要求的信息点就会很容易自动跃然纸上。如果所读材料的主题熟悉，篇幅也较短，从头至尾进行一次搜寻就足矣。
17
C. 快速阅读：跳读(skimming)和扫读 (scanning) (以意群为单位、目光扫视)
• 跳读同上文所讲的预读有相似之处。但相比而言，跳读需要读者更加注意每个段落的结构与内容，掌握英语文章结构的一般规律。阅读时可有选择地读每个段落中的一些词语。
• (找主旨/思路)
18
每段的第一句必须仔细读，然后搜寻一些有关who, what, when, where, why, how many或者how much等内容的词语。
(3)注意进行句际关系和句子结构的分析。这种情况主要涉及一些要求对名词或代词在句中意思进行辨认的题型，考查考生对上下文之间的关系是否清楚。
(二)推理判断题
该题型要求考生根据文章内容进行一定的推理和引申，透过文章表面信息了解文章字里行间的潜在意义。此类题的题干中一般都含有imply，infer，deduce，conclude等词。常见的题干表现形式有：
专业四级(TEM-4)考试培训阅读理解
Ⅰ.命题规律 Ⅱ.特点分析及解题技巧
A. 正式阅读前的预读 B. 词汇问题: 五大猜词法 C. 快速阅读：跳读(skimming)和扫读
(scanning) D. 实战做题技巧 E. 影响阅读速度的不良习惯

TEM4阅读理解应试技巧

回查难点，确定答案
先看题目，还是先看文章？有的考生在做阅读理解题的时候，喜欢先看题目
后读文章。他们认为这样会节省时间。
实际上： • 浪费时间。 • 不能集中注意力。 • 影响对文章整体的理解。
1．阅读文章开头几句时，要联想一下文章的大意：文章是关于什么内容、写的谁、谈论什么事物等。
2．继续阅读文章时，要识别出文章的文体，即是科普文章、文学作品，还是新闻报道或是别的；同时要识别出作者的写作手法，文章是写给谁看的，作者是带着一种什么样的感情写这篇文章的。
三、阅读理解题型、题材和语篇体裁分析所选阅读材料的题材广泛，主要包括：社会生活、
科技、地理与历史、政治与经济、环境保护、教育与文化、自然现象、健康与医疗、日常生活知识、人物描写等。
体裁以议论文和说明文为主，兼有部分记叙文和描写。阅读理解除了对学生语言能力有较高的要求外，对文化背景等知识层面的要求也很高。
时间进行略读，其目的一是：以尽可能快的速度获取文章主旨大意或中心思想；二是辨识文章体裁，掌握结构（如果是记叙文，就需要了解故事发生的时间、地点、背景和人物活动等主要线索；如果是议论文，就要弄清文章的中心论点以及论述内容）。
略读完成后就去看题干，这时有关文章主旨大意题已经有了答案，而对细节题要根据题目的具体要求回到文章中再进行快速扫读以找到相应的信息。
【真题示例】（2009） Nowadays, a cellphone service is available to everyone, everywhere.
Probably thousands of people have already been using it, but I just discovered it, so I’m going to claim it and also name it: Fake Foning.

英语专业四级考试（TEM4）阅读理解（ReadingComprehension）答题方法_

英语专业四级考试（TEM4）阅读理解（ReadingComprehension）答题方法_英语专业四级考试(TEM4)阅读理解(Reading Comprehension)答题方法_.txt两人之间的感情就像织毛衣，建立的时候一针一线，小心而漫长，拆除的时候只要轻轻一拉。

这一部分包括普通阅读和快速阅读两部分。

普通阅读有数篇短文，共1500词左右，要求读懂英美国家出版的中等难度的文章，掌握主旨大意及细节，并能够进行推论，理解上下文的逻辑关系。

快速阅读要求在5分钟内速读900词左右的中等难度的文章，掌握大意及细节。

专业英语阅读考试特别强调考生的阅读速度，要提高阅读速度，正确的阅读方法是问题的关键。

下面我们介绍一下正确的阅读方法和技巧。

(1.) 略读略读(skimming)是常用的阅读方法之一，其主要特征是选择性地阅读。

通常的阅读要求看到每一个词，每次注目看１－２个词。

略读不需要看清每一个词，对眼睛跳动的频率和幅度的要求都较高，有时甚至从上一行跳到下一行。

略读不可能使你对所读内容全部了解，但是你能大大地提高阅读速度，也能获得大量的信息。

略读的主要作用是了解文章的大意。

经过略读之后，你对所读内容已经有了大致的了解，再仔细阅读，这时你的印象会更深刻，理解更透彻。

大部分读者不需要正规的训练和指导就可以进行略读。

但是有意识地训练会大大地提高你的略读速度和效率。

进行略读训练的最简单的方法是强迫自己在规定的时间内读完某一篇，开始训练时，可以把略读速度定为平常阅读的5/4倍，以后逐步提高。

略读的关键是增加眼跳的幅度，高度集中注意力，努力捕捉那些能引起注意或者你认为重要的内容。

(2.)扫读扫读（scanning）是以最快的速度扫视所读材料，在找到所需信息时才仔细阅读该项内容。

如查找某个人名、地名、时间、地点等，也即在寻找特定信息、寻找具体事实、寻找答题所需内容时都用得着这种方法。

(3.) 研读研读（study reading）就是仔细阅读，对文章有透彻深刻理解。