阅读理解21及答案
2014年12月大学英语六级考试备考资料《阅读理解》考前训练(21-30)及答案
2014年12月大学英语六级考试备考资料《阅读理解》考前训练（21-30）及答案考前训练(21)How to Deal With Difficult PeopleIn New York City one day, a businesswoman got into a taxi. Because it was rush hour and she was hurrying for a train, she suggested a route. "I've been a cabby(车夫) for 15 years!" the driver yelled. "You think I don't know the best way to go?"The woman tried to explain that she hadn't meant to offend him, but the driver kept yelling. She finally realized he was too upset to be reasonable. So she did the unexpected. "You know, you're right," she told him. "It must seem dumb for me to assume you don't know the best way through the city. "Taken aback, the driver flashed his rider a confused look in the rear-view mirror, turned down the street she wanted and got her to the train on time. "He didn't say another word the rest of the ride," she said, "until I got out and paid him. Then he thanked me. "When you encounter people like this cab driver, there's an irresistible urge to dig in your heels. This can lead to prolonged arguments, soured friendships, lost career opportunities and broken marriages. As a clinical psychiatrist, I've discovered one simple but extremely unlikely principle that can prevent virtually any conflict or other difficult situation from becoming a recipe for disaster.The key is to put yourself in the other person's shoes and look for the truth in what that person is saying. Find a way to agree. The result may surprise you.Sulkers Steve's 14-year-old son, Adam, had been irritable for several days. When Steve asked why, Adam snapped, "Nothing's wrong! Leave me alone!" and stalked off to his room.We all know people like this. When there's problem, they may sulk(生闷气) or act angry and refuse to talk.So what's the solution? First, Steve needs to ask himself why Adam won't talk. Maybe the boy is worried about something that happened at school. Or he might beangry at his dad but afraid to bring it up because Steve gets defensive whenever he is criticized. Steve can pursue these possibilities the next time they talk by saying, "I noticed you're upset, and I think it would help to get the problem out in the open. It may be hard because I haven't always listened very • 58 •well. If so, I feel bad because I love you and don't want to let you down. "If Adam still refuses to talk, Steve can take a different tack: "I'm concerned about what's going on with you, but we can talk things over later, when you're more in the mood. "This strategy allows both sides to win: Steve doesn't have to compromise on the principle that ultimately the problem needs to be talked out and resolved. Adam saves face by being allowed to withdraw for a while.Noisy critics. Recently, I was counselling a businessman named Frank who lends to be overbearing(专横的) when he's upset. Frank told me that I was too absent-minded with money and that he shouldn't have to pay at each of our sessions. He wanted to be billed monthly.I felt annoyed because it seemed Frank always had to have things his way. I explained that I had tried monthly billing, but it hadn't worked because some patients didn't pay. Frank argued that he had impeccable (无可挑剔的 ) credit and knew much more about credit and billing than I did.Suddenly I realized I was missing Frank's point. "You are right," I said. " I'm being defensive. We should focus on the problems in your life and not worry so much about money. "Frank immediately softened and began talking about what was really bothering him, which were some personal problems. The next time we met, he handed me a check for 20 sessions in advance!There are times, of course, when people are unreasonably abusive and you may need to just walk away from the situation. But if the problem is one that you want solved, it's important to allow the other person to keep some self-esteem. There's nearly always a grain of truth in the other person's point of view. If you acknowledge this, he or she will be less defensive and more likely to listen to you.Complainers. Brad is a 32-year-old Detroit chiropractor (按摩师) who recently described his frustration with a patient of his: "I ask Mr. Barry, 'How are you doing?' and he dumps out his whole life story-his family problems and his financial difficulties. I give him advice, but he ignores everything I tell him. "Brad needs to recognize that habitual complainers usually don't want advice.They just want someone to listen and understand. So Brad might simply say : "sounds like a rough week, It's no fun to have unpaid bills, people nagging you, and this pain besides. " The complainer will usually run out of gas and stop complaining. The secret is not to give advice. Just agreeing and validating a person's point of view will make that person feel better.Demanding friends. Difficult people aren't always -, angry or just complaining. Sometimes they are difficult because of the demands they place upon us. Maybe a friend puts you on the spot with a request to run an errand for him while he's out of town. If you have a crowded schedule, you may agree but end up angry and resentful. Or if you say no in the wrong way, your friend may feel hurt and unhappy. The problem is that, caught off guard, you don't know how to deal with the situation in a way that avoids bad feelings.One method I've found helpful is "punting". You're punting when you tell the person you need to think about the request and that you'll get back about it. Say a colleague calls and pressures me to give a lecture at his university. I've learned to say, "I'm flattered that you thought of me. Let me check my schedule, and I'll call you back. "This gives me time to deal with any feelings of guilt if I have to say no. Suppose I decide it is better to decline; punting allow me to plan what I will say when I call back, "I appreciate being asked," I might indicate, "but I find I'm over-committed right now. However, I hope you'll think of me in the future. "Responding to difficult people with patience and empathy can be tough, especially when you feel upset. But the moment you give up your need to control or be right, the other person will begin relaxing and start listening to you. The Greek philosopher Epictetus understood this when he said nearly 2, 000 years ago, "If someone criticizes you, agree at once. Mention that if only the other person knew you well, there would be more to criticize than that !"Real communication results from a spirit of respect for yourself and for the other person. The benefits can be amazing.1. The principle the writer has discovered to stop any conflict from going worse is to find a way to agree.2. The taxi driver thanked the businesswoman because she was very polite to him.3. Difficult people mentioned in the passage include those who give occasional complaints.4. One way to deal with the person who is unreasonably abusive is to walk awayfrom the situation.5. If Mr. Barry had followed Brad's advice, he would have solved all his personal problems.6. What habitual complainers need is a good listener.7. It will end up in unhappiness whether you have satisfied your friend's request or not.8. You will be rewarded with a real communication if you______for others.9. A difficult person can become a relaxing and good conversational partner if you______your control.10. According to the author, one effective way to deal with a demanding friend is______.答案：1. Y2. N3. N4. Y5. NG6. Y7. N8. show respect9. give up 10. punting考前训练(22)A growing world population and the discoveries of science may 11 this pattern of distribution in the future. As men slowly learn to master diseases, control floods, prevent famines, and stop wars, fewer people die every year; and in 12 the population of the world is 13 increasing. In 1925 there were about 2,000 million people in the world; by the end of the century there may well be over 4,000 million.When numbers rise the 14 mouths must be fed. New lands must be I bought under cultivation, or land already farmed made to 15 larger crops. In some areas the accessible land is largely so intensively 16 that it will be difficult to make it provide more food. In some areas the population is so dense that the land is parceled out in units too 17 to allow for much improvement in farming methods. Were a larger part of this farming population drawn off into industrial occupations, the land might be farmed much more productively by modern methods.There is now a race for science, technology, and industry to keep the 18 of food rising faster than the number of people to be fed. New strains of crops are being developed which will thrive in 19 climates; irrigation and dry-farming methods bring poor lands under the plough, dams hold back the waters of great rivers to 20 water for the fields in all seasons and to provide electric power for new industries; industrial chemistry provides fertilizers to suit particular soils; aero planes spray crops to destroy insects and many plant diseases.A. ensureB. violentlyC. alterD. harmfulE. cultivatedF. uniqueG. transplantedH. yieldI. consequenceJ. outputK. extraL. steadilyM. tinyN. unfavorableO. produce答案：11. C 12. I 13. L 14. K 15. H 16. E 17. M 18. J 19. N 20. A考前训练(23)The process of perceiving others is rarely translated (to ourselves or others) into cold, objective terms. "She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt. " More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint (强调) his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas, and characters. Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly—perhaps with a two-second glance.We try to obtain information about others in many ways. Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others; who are known to you so you can compare the observed person's behavior with the known others' behavior, observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for, deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the person's responses to specific stimuli (刺激因素) , asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about him or her, and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person—question, self-disclosures, and so on.Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise. You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him. If we accept the idea that we won't ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions. It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior. Ironically, those things that keep us from knowing another person too well(e. g. secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of a satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e. g. disclosures and truthful statement).21. According to the passage, if we perceive a person, we are likely to be interested inA. what he wearsB. how tall he isC. how happy he isD. what color he dyes his hair22. Some people are often surprised by what other people do. According to Berger, that is mainly because_______.A. some people are more emotional than othersB. some people are not aware of the fact that we will never completely know another personC. some people are sensitive enough to sense the change of other people's attitudesD. some people choose to keep to themselves23. We may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him because_______.A. we don't accept the idea that we might never fully know another personB. we often get information in a casual and inexact wayC. we pay more attention to other people's motivations and emotions • 62 •D. we often have face-to-face conversation with him24. There are things that we find preventing us from knowing others. These things areA. disclosuresB. deceptionsC. stimuliD. interactions25. This passage mainly concerns_______.A. the relationship between peopleB. the perception of other peopleC. secrets and deceptions of peopleD. people's attitudes and characters答案：21. C 22. B 23. B 24. B 25. B考前训练(24)Modern scientists divide the process of dying into two stages—clinical or (emporary death and biological death. Clinical death occurs when the vital organs, such as the heart or lungs, have ceased to function, but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be revived (复活). Biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the disintegration(解体) of vital cells and tissues. Death is then irreversible and final.Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so (hat the organism can be revived before biological death occurs. The best method developed so far involves cooling of the organism, combined with narcotic(麻醉的) sleep. By slowing down the body's metabolism(新成代谢) , cooling delays the processes leading to biological death.To illustrate how this works, scientists performed an experiment on a six-year-old female monkey called Keta. The scientists put Keta to sleep with a narcotic. Then they surrounded her body with ice-bags and began checking her body temperature. When it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began draining blood from an its body. The monkey's blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and breathing stopped; clinical death set in. For twenty minutes Keta remained in this state. Her temperature dropped to 22 degrees. At this point the scientists pumped blood into its body in the direction of the heart and started artificial breathing. After two minutes the monkey's heart became active once more. After fifteen minutes, spontaneous breathing began, and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her head. After six hours, when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin injection, Keta seized the syringe and ran with it around the room. Her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal.26. This passage focuses on_______.A. the difference between biological and clinical death.B. the process of dyingC. prolonging the period of clinical deathD. the nature of clinical death27. The best statement of the main idea of this passage is thatA. modem scientists divide the process of dying into clinical and biological deathB. biological death occurs when vital organs have suffered permanent damageC. scientists have found a way to prolong the period of clinical deathD. cooling delays the processes leading to biological death28. One characteristic of clinical death is______.A. lasting damage to the lungsB. destruction of the tissuesC. temporary non-functioning of the heartD. that the organism cannot be revived29. According to the passage, cooling an organismA. speeds up the body's metabolismB. slows disintegration of body tissuesC. prevents damage to organsD. revives damaged organs30. One possible benefit of the experiment discussed in the passage is______.A. less crowded citiesB. victory over deathC. protection against fatal injuryD. fewer deaths from heart attacks答案：26. C 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. D考前训练(25)Three Kinds of FatigueFatigue is one of the most common complaints brought to doctors, friends, and relatives. You'd think in this era of labor-saving devices and convenient transportation that few people would have reason to be so tired. But probably more people complain of fatigue today than in the days when hay was baled by hand and laundry scrubbed on a washboard.The causes of modern-day fatigue are diverse and only rarely related to excessive physical exertion. The relatively few people who do heavy labor all day long almost never complain about being tired, perhaps because they expect to be. Today, physicians report, tiredness is more likely a consequence of under-exertion than of wearing yourself down with over-activity. In fact, increased physical activity is often prescribed as a cure for lowering energy.Physical. This is the well-known result of overworking your muscles to the point where metabolic (新成代谢的) waste products—carbon dioxide and lactic acid (乳酸)—accumulate in our blood and reduce your strength. Your muscles can't continue to work efficiently in a bath of these chemicals. Physical fatigue is usually a pleasant tiredness, such as that which you might experience after playing a hard set of tennis, chopping wood, or climbing a mountain. The cure is simple and fast: You rest, giving your body a chance to get rid of accumulated wastes and restore muscle fuel.Pathological (病理的). Here fatigue is a warning sign or consequence of some underlying physical disorder, perhaps the common cold or flu or something more serious like diabetes or cancer. Usually other symptoms besides fatigue are present that suggest the true cause.Even after an illness has passed, you're likely to feel dragged out for a week or more. Take your fatigue as a signal to go slow while your body has a chance to recover fully even if all you had was a cold. Pushing yourself to resume full activity too soon could lead to a relapse (旧病复发) and almost certainly will prolong our period of fatigue.Even though illness is not frequent cause of prolonged fatigue, it's very important that it not be overlooked. Therefore, anyone who feels drained of energy for weeks on end should have a thorough physical check-up. But even if nothing showsup as a result of the various medical tests, that doesn't mean there's nothing wrong with you.Psychological. Emotional problems and conflicts, especially depression and anxiety, are by far the most common causes of prolonged fatigue. Fatigue may represent a defence mechanism that prevents you from having to face the true cause of your depression, such as the fact that you hate your job. It is also your body's safety mechanism for expressing repressed emotional conflicts, such as feeling trapped in an ungrateful role or an unhappy marriage. When such feelings are not expressed openly, they often come out as physical symptoms, with fatigue as one of the most common manifestations. "Many people who are extremely fatigued don't even know they're depressed," Dr. Bulette says. "They're so busy distracting themselves or just worrying about being tired that they don't recognize their depression. "There is a great deal you can do on your own to deal with both severe prolonged fatigue and those periodic washed-out feelings. Vitamins and tranquilizers (镇静剂) are almost never the right answer, sleeping pills and alcohol are counterproductive, and caffeine is at best a temporary solution that can backfire with abuse and cause life-disrupting symptoms of anxiety. Instead, you might try: DietIf you eat a small breakfast or none at all, you're likely to experience mid-morning fatigue, the result of a drop in blood sugar, which your body and brain depend on for energy. For peak energy in the morning, be sure to eat a proper breakfast, low in sugar and fairly high in protein, which will provide a steady supply of blood sugar throughout the morning. Coffee and a doughnut are almost worse than nothing, providing a brief boost and then letting you down with a thud.ExerciseContrary to what you may think, exercise enhances, rather than saps, energy. Regular conditioning exercises, such as jogging, cycling, or swimming, help you to resist fatigue by increasing your body's ability to handle more of a work load. You get tired less quickly because your capability is greater.Exercise also has a well-recognized tranquilizing effect, which helps you work in a more relaxed fashion and be less dragged down by the tensions of your day. At the end of a day exercise can relieve accumulated tensions, give you more energy in the evening, and help you sleep more restfully.SleepIf you know you're tired because you haven't been getting enough sleep, thesolution is simple: Get to bed earlier. There's no right amount of sleep for everyone, and generally sleep requirements decline with age. Find the amount that suits you best, and aim for it. Insomnia(失眠) and other sleep disorders should not be treated with sleeping pills, alcohol, or tranquilizers, which can actually make the problem worse. Know yourselfTry to schedule your most difficult jobs for the time of day when you're at your peak. Some are "morning people" who tire by mid-afternoon; others do their best work in the evening. Don't overextend yourself, trying to climb the ladder of success at a record pace or to meet everyone's demands or expectations. Decide what you want to do and what you can handle comfortably, and learn to say no to additional requests. Recognize your energy cycles and plan accordingly. Many women have a low point premenstrually, during which time extra sleep may be needed and demanding activities are particularly exhausting. , Take breaksNo matter how interesting or demanding you work, you'll be able to do it with more vigor if now and again you stop, stretch, and change the scenery. Instead of coffee and a sweet roll on your break, try meditation, yoga, callisthenics(健美操) , or a brisk walk. Even running up and down the staircase can provide refreshment from a sedentary(久坐的) job. If your job is physically demanding, relax in a quiet place for a while. The do-something-different rule also applies to vacation; "getting away from it all" for a week or two or longer can be highly revitalizing, helping you to put things in perspective and enabling you to take your job more in stride upon your return.1. According to the passage, it is hard for people to find causes of tiredness when they are leading a comfortable and convenient life.2. Causes of certain types of fatigue are discussed and some suggestions are put forward in the passage.3. Most people don't want to talk about their unhappy feelings with others.4. Physical fatigue is good because it brings us a lot of pleasure.5. Psychological fatigue is the likely response of our body to emotional problems and conflicts.6. Coffee and a doughnut make the satisfying breakfast as they provide people with the desired energy.7. When you have a prolonged fatigue, it is necessary to have a thorough physical check-up even if there is nothing wrong with you.8. No matter how interesting or demanding your work, you need to______.9. From the passage, it can be seen that the author's attitudes towards the approach to dealing with modern-fatigue is______.10. According to physicians' report, tiredness more probably results from______.答案：1. N2. Y3. NG4. N5. Y6. N7. N8. take breaks9. positive 10. under-exertion考前训练(26)In the United States, it is not 11 to telephone someone very early in the morning. If you telephone him early in the day, while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention. The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11: 00 p. m. . If someone receives a call during sleeping hours, he 12 it's a matter of life and death. The time chosen for the call 13 its importance.In 14 life, time plays a very important part. In the U. S. A. , guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the 15 to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. But it is not true in all countries. In other areas of the world, it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in 16 because plans which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten. The meaning of time differs in different parts of the world. Thus, misunderstandings 17 between people from cultures that treat time differently.Promptness is valued 18 in American life, for example. If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible. In the U. S. no one would think of keeping a business 19 waiting for an hour, it would be too impolite. A person who is 5 minutes late is 20 to make a short apology. If he is less than 5 minutes late, he will say a few words of explanation, though perhaps he will not complete the sentence.A. highlyB. engagementC. customaryD. socialE. informF. invitationG. advanceH. absenceI. heavily J. associate K. expected L. assumesM. habitual N. arise O. communicates答案：11. C 12. L 13. O 14. D 15. F 16. G 17. N 18. A 19. J 20. K考前训练(27)At the close of each business day, most trained teachers, administrators, politicians, and statesmen make objective analyses of all that has transpired. They then carefully evaluate performance in the achievement of certain specified objectives. You, as a student, would be wise to adopt the same practice and reflect upon your performance in relating to the achievement of certain personal and educational objectives.First, what was your purpose, your motivational force in seeking an education? Did you seek an education in active performance, or did you seek to be educated in passive reception and automatic acquisition(获取) of information that was fed to you? Was the profit motive your primary motivation for obtaining an education? Do you want a better education for the sole purpose of getting a better job? What does the educational process really mean to you?We are part of a world in which men thrill to the touch of gold and hearts respond to the word money instead of being thrilled by the thought of good. We five in a world in which we are taught that the pursuit of happiness is an equation for the most rapid acquisition of money, by whatever means.If profit and money are your first priorities, and compassion and commitment to people your least concern, you have done little other than accumulate some facts and compile some information for future reference. If making money is your daydream and losing money your nightmare, if poverty is your worst fear and making money your most fervent prayer, you have missed the opportunity for education. You have failed yourself and have only received Nome instruction.21.. This passage suggests that students should______.A. assess their aims for learningB. learn more to earn moreC. evaluate their politicians and statesmenD. keep knowledge to themselves22.The educational procedure should be one in which the student______.A. does what he is toldB. gets a better education to get a better jobC. makes principles of education for self-betterment of their aimsD. approaches the benefits of being well-off23. The author seems to feel that______.A. people's welfare should be the chief concern in learning。
2022高考英语二轮阅读理解一百六十集选练(21)及(解析)答案
2022高考英语二轮阅读理解一百六十集选练（21）及（解析）答案阅读理解。
阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
Today, ultrasonic(超声的) waves are being put to work in laboratories and factories. If an ultrasound generator is placed in a liquid, the waves move the liquid back and forth hundreds of thousands of times each second. This causes materials to mix quickly or to dissolve(使分解，使溶解) in liquids. Paint manufacturers(制造商) use ultrasound to do a better job of blending colors. The companies that make film for your camera find that mixing chemicals by the use of sound waves will produce a more sensitive film.The new lightweight(轻量的) type of washing machine uses ultrasonic waves to get clothes clean. Its special ultrasound generator is put into a pail of soapy water containing the soiled clothes. The sound waves drive the soapy water back and forth through the cloth so fast that everything is soon clean. There is also a new kind of dishwasher that works in much the same way.Ultrasonic waves can shake a liquid so fast that tiny holes form all through it. The liquid is actually torn apart by this action. Almost as soon as these holes are made, they fall together again. The result is a powerful pounding action. In the dairy industry this is used for the double purpose of making homogenized(使均匀，使匀质) milk and sterilizing(使无菌) it at the same time. If you look at some raw milk with a microscope, you find that it is made up of little drops of butter fat floating around in a watery liquid. In order to make milk easier to digest, these fatdroplets(微粒) may be broken up by forcing the milk through very small openings. The result is called homogenized milk. When the ultrasonic method is used, the sound waves not only break up the droplets but also kill the germs in the milk by pounding them to pieces. (from )1. Why does a paint manufacturer use ultrasound to do a better job of blending colors?A. Because it is cheap to use ultrasound to blend colors.B. Because the waves move the liquid so quickly that it can make materials mix quickly or dissolve in liquids.C. Because they can mix chemicals by the use of sound waves.D. Because the waves can clean the paint.2. What properties does ultrasound wave have?A. Homogenizes and sterilizes the milk.B. Mix materials and break droplets.C. Kill germs and sterilize milk.D. Move liquids quickly.3. What exists in the raw milk?A. Little drops of butter fat.B. Small holes.C. Fat droplets and germs.D. Chemicals. 4. Where is ultrasound wave not used?A. In the paint manufacture.B. In the shop mixing bread flour.C. In the film-making company.D. In the dairy industry.1. B 事实细节题。
高考英语阅读理解精选21篇及答案解析
Passage 1Up，Up，and Away！An adventurer who became the first person to fly across the English Channel on a cluster of balloons has launched a house into the sky just like in the hit movie Up-in reparation for a more ambitious journey and a new record．Fearless Trappe，from North Carolina，stepped into the cartoon themed home before flying above the Leon International Balloon Festival in Mexico more than a week ago．The 38-year-old Trappe was using the event as a warm-up for his planned trans-Atlantic flight scheduled for next summer．He aims to complete the 2，500-mile journey in a seven-foot lifeboat carried by 365 huge helium balloons．The brave man is learning to sail a lifeboat，in case he needs to ditch into the ocean during the danger-filled adventure．He sill fly at between 18，000 feet and 25，000 feet，beating his previous world altitude record of 21，600 feet，and must fly uninterrupted a distance ten times longer than his previous world record of 230 miles in order to succeed．The adventurer Trappe，who holds records for crossing the Alps，flying the most cluster balloons，and the longest distance，has spent his entire career，building up to this ambitious plan．“I didn’t wake up one day and think：‘I’ going to fly across the Atlantic，’”he said．“Every attempt before this was prepared for this fight，I’ve been training for a long time”．1．The adventurer flew across the English Channel to__________．A．test the balloons B．launch a houseC．shoot a hit movie D．prepare for breaking a record2．To finish the journey，he will fly a distance of__________．A．2500 miles B．18，000 feet C．25，000 feet D．230 miles3．About the ambitious journey，which is NOT mentioned in the passage?A．When he will fly B．How high he sill flyC．How far he will fly D．How long it will take him4．How many world records does Jonathan hold?A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five5．What does he last paragraph imply?A．Trappe can’t sleep worrying about the adventureB．Trappe was born to set world recordsC．Trappe always keeps his ambition in mindD．Trappe never thought of crossing the Atlantic beforePassage 2Every day we go to school and listen to the teacher，and the teacher will ask us some questions．Sometimes，the classmates will ask your opinions of the work of the class．When you are telling others in the class what you have found out about these topics，remember that they must be able to hear what you are saying．You are not taking part in a family conversation or having a chat with friends---you are in a slightly unnatural situation where a large group of people will remain silent，waiting to hear what you have to say．You must speak so that they can hear you---loudly enough and clearly enough but without trying to shout or appearing to force yourself．Remember，too，that it is the same if you are called to an interview whether it is with a professor of your school or a government official who might meet you．The person you are seeing will try to put you at your ease but the situation is somewhat different from that of a ordinaryconversation．You must take special care that you can be heard．1．When you speak to the class，you should speak ______．A．as slowly as possible B．in a low voice C．loudly D．forcefully 2．Usually，when you speak to the class，the class is _______．A．noisy B．quiet C．having a rest D．serious3 The situation in the class is ______ that in your house．A．not very different from B．sometimes the same asC．sometimes not the same as D．not the same as4．If you are having a conversation with an official，the most important thing for you is ______．A．to show your ability B．to be very gentleC．to make sure that you can be heard D．to put the official at ease5．The main idea of this passage is ______．A．that we should talk in different ways in different situationsB．that we must speak loudlyC．that we must keep silent at any timeD．that we must talk with the classPassage 3About 21，000 young people in 17 American states do not attend classes in school buildings．Instead，they receive their elementary and high school education by working at home on computers．The Center for Education Reform says the United States has 67 public “cyberschools．” and that is about twice as many as two years ago．The money for students to attend a cyberschool comes from the governments of the stateswhere they live．Some educators say cyberschools receive money that should support traditional public schools．They also say it is difficult to know if students are learning well．Other educators praise this new form of education for letting students work at their own speed．These people say cyberschools help students who were unhappy or unsuccessful in traditional schools．They say learning at home by computer ends long bus rides for children who live far from school．Whatever the judgement of cyberschools，they are getting more and more popular．For example，a new cyberschool called Commonwealth Connections Academy will take in students this fall．It will serve children in the state of Pennsylvania from ages five through thirteen．Children get free equipment for their online education．This includes a computer，a printer，books and technical services．Parents and students talk with teachers by telephone or by sending emails through their computers when necessary．Students at cyberschools usually do not know one another．But 56 such students who finished studies at Western Pennsylvania Cyber Charter School recently met for the first time．They were guests of honor at their graduation．1．What do we know from the text about students of a cyberschool？A．They have to take long bus rides to school．B．They study at home rather than in classrooms．C．They receive money from traditional public schools．D．They do well in traditional school programs．2．What is a problem with cyberschools？A．Their equipment costs a lot of money．B．They get little support from the state government．C．It is hard to know students' progress in learning．D．The students find it hard to make friends．3．Cyberschools are getting popular became _______．A．they are less expensive for studentsB．their students can work at their own speedC．their graduates are more successful in societyD．they serve students in a wider age range4．We can infer that the author of the text is _______．A．unprejudiced in his description of cyberschoolsB．excited about the future of cyberschoolsC．doubtful about the quality of cyberschooisD．disappointed at the development of cyberschoolsPassage 4South Africa hosted the fifth BRICS Summit in March 2013，which completed the first cycle of BRICS summits，BRICS is an acronym for the powerful grouping of the world's leading up-and-coming economies，namely Brazil，Russia，India，China and South Africa．The BRICS aims to achieve peace，security，development and cooperation．It also seeks to contribute to the development of humanity and build a more stable and fairer world．The industry leaders from the business communities of the five countries agreed that the BRICS countries will actively support industrialization on the African continent in order to contribute significantly to its development and to expand trade links between Africa andBRICS．The global economic situation，though improving，continues to remain uncertain with the Euro-crisis a major concern．The task ahead is to build on these developments and BRICS countries remain committed to the cause of promoting sustainable growth．Greater economic cooperation among BRICS countries can be significantly important，which will prove beneficial for global economic growth．According to Dr．Rob Davies，South African Minister of Trade and Industry，the African continent is recognized as the second fastest growing continent after Asia．There are four drivers of the economic growth in African continent．These are the boom in mineral products in the African continent，the development of the service industries，the benefit of not having the financial crisis，and infrastructure(基础设施）development．Davies also adds that other BRICS countries have advantage of large populations providing big home markets for their products．The South African population is small compared to other BRICS countries，but if you add up numbers on continent then you have a critical mass that can support the new industrial wave in Africa：That is why the South African needs to create large trading blocks across large parts of African continent．1．“BRICS” refers to______．A．the most active economy group in today’s worldB． the most powerful economies in western worldC． leading countries with fast development of humanityD． the most stable and secure countries in the world2．From the text we know that industrialization in Africa will______．A．give financial supports to all African countriesB create trade opportunities for both Africa and BRICSC make significant development in the powerful groupsD．expand sustainable economic cooperation in different continents3．The author believes greater cooperation among BRICS will______，A．promote global economic growth B．bring more challengesC．narrow the gap of development D．solve Europe’s economic crisis4．Which of the following is the driver of the economic growth in Africa？______．A． The development of business industryB． Protective exploration in mineral productsC． The recovery of the infrastructureD． The benefits of having no financial crisisPassage 5What makes a person a scientist？Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others？The answer is “no”．It isn't the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools which makes him a scientist．You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter．You will probably agree，too，that knowing how to investigate，how to discover information，is important to everyone．The scientist，however，goes one step further；he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer he gets to many questions is into a large set of ideas about how the world works．The scientist's knowledge must be exact．There's no room for half right or right just half the time．He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit．What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times．If the conditions are different，any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions．This is one reason why investigations are important in science．Albert Einstein，who developed the Theory of Relativity，arrived at this theory through mathematics．The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigation．Einstein's ideas were proved to be correct．A scientist uses many tools for measurements．Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations．1．What makes a scientist according to the passage？A．The tools he uses．B．His ways of learning．C．The way he uses his tools．D．The various tools he uses．2．“…knowing how to investigate，how to discover information，is important to everyone．”The writer says this to show_______．A．the importance of informationB．the difference between scientists and ordinary peopleC．the importance of thinkingD．the difference between carpenters and ordinary people3．A sound scientific theory should be one that_______．A．works under one set of conditions at one time and also works under the same conditions at other timesB．leaves no room for improvementC．doesn't allow any change even under different conditionsD．can be used for many purposes4．What is the main idea of the passage？A．Scientists are different from ordinary people．B．The Theory of Relativity．C．Exactness is the core of science．D．Exactness and way of using tools are the keys to making of a scientist．Passage 6A lot of us lose life’s tough battles by starting a frontal attack—when a touch of humor might well enable us to win．Consider the case of a young friend of mine，who hit a traffic jam on his way to work shortly after receiving an ultimatum about being late on the job．Although there was a good reason for Sam’s a being late—serious illness at home—he decided that this by-now-familiar excuse wouldn’t work any longer．His supervisor was probably already pacing up and down preparing a dismissal speech．Yes，the boss was．Sam entered the office at 9：35．The place was as quiet as a locker room；everyone was hard at work．Sam’s supervisor came up to him．Suddenly，Sam forced a grin and stretched out his hand．“How do you do！” he said．“I’m Sam Maynard．I’m applying for a job，which，I understand，became available just 35 minutes ago．Does the early bird get the worm？”The room exploded in laughter．The supervisor clamped off a smile and walked back to his office．Sam Maynard had saved his job—with the only tool that could win，a laugh．Humor is a most effective，yet frequently neglected，means of handling the difficult situations in our lives．It can be used for patching up differences，apologizing，saying “no”，criticizing，getting the other fellow to do what you want without his losing face．For some jobs，it’s the only tool that can succeed．It is a way to discuss subjects so sensitive that serious dialog may start a quarrel．For example，many believe that comedians on television are doing more today for racial and religious tolerance than people in any other forum．1．Why was Sam late for his job？A．Because he was ill．B．Because he got up late．C．Because he was caught in a traffic jam．D．He was busy applying for a new job．2．The main idea of this passage is ________．A．Sam Maynard saved his job with humorB．humor is important in our livesC．early bird gets the wormD．humor can solve racial discriminations3．The phrase “clamped off” in Paragraph 3 means ________．A．tried to hold back B．tried to set C．charged D．gave out 4．Which of the following statements can we infer from the passage？A．Many lose life’s battles for they are lacking in a sense of humor．B．It wasn’t the first time that Sam came late for his work．C．Sam was supposed to come to his office at 8：30．D．Humor is the most effective way of solving problems．Passage 7BEIJING，March 9—The central government will require an additional three years of use for official vehicles for ministers and governors to reduce the costs of purchasing new cars，media have reported．The new rule has been applied among all Party and government departments nationwide，theBeijing News reported on Tuesday．The new rule has not yet been made public，said Li，a member of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference National Committee．Under the old rules，the cars used by minister-level officials could be replaced as often as every five years，Li said．These officials will also keep the same cars when they assume new posts，he added．The new rule also reiterated that officials ranking below minister-or-governor-levels should not be allocated cars．The cars possessed by their departments should be used on demand．“It violates the rules for lower-ranking—even county-level-officials to be allocated cars，” Li said．Purchases of vehicles for official use have been heavily investigated，as they account for a large expenditure of public funds every year．A survey on the Web news www．ifeng．com found 64 percent of respondents believed the new rule will be difficult to carry out because it is related to offi cials’ interests．“Local government departments had halted approvals for requests for such vehicles and had started to work on new quotas under the new rules，” Li said．“The future reform of official vehicle use will introduce market mechanisms and monetization．”Premier Wen Jiabao said in the annual government work report on Saturday that expenditures on such vehicles will not increase in 2011 compared with a year ago．Beijing’s standing deputy mayor Ji Lin last week said the municipal government will relea se the number of vehicles for official use in the capital as early as at the end of this month．Earlier this month，the Minister of Finance had published a rule regulating the budgets for such vehicles．1．What is the purpose of the new rule allocating vehicles among officials？A．To promote a low-carbon lifestyle．B．To cut down the present huge expenditures of purchasing cars．C．To make good use of budgets for official cars．D．To solve the problem of severe traffic jam．2．How often could the cars used by minister-level officials be replaced according to the new rule？A．Every 3 years．B．Every 5 years．C．Every 8 years．D．Every 10 years．3．What about the officials ranking below minister-or-governor levels in terms of official vehicles？A．They can still possess special cars．B．They can use their own private cars．C．They can use cars whenever officially necessary．D．They can be allocated second-hand cars．4．What is the public’s attitude toward the new rule’s fulfillment？A．Uncertain．B．Optimistic．C．Indifferent．D．Passive5．From the passage，we can infer that_________．A．the government is determined to carry out the new ruleB．the new rule has not yet been made publicC．the new rule will benefit official’s interestD．the new rule is applied to minister-level officialsPassage 8Grandma Moses is among the most famous twentieth-century painters of the United States，yet she did not start painting until she was in her late seventies．As she once said to herself：" I would never sit back in a rocking chair，waiting for someone to help me．" No one could have hada more productive old age．She was born Anna Mary Robertson on a farm in New York State，one of five boys and five girls．At twelve she left home and was in domestic service until，at twenty-seven，she married Thomas Moses，the hired hand of one of her employers．They farmed most of their lives，first in Virginia and then in New York State，at Eagle Bridge．She had ten children，of whom five survived；her husband died in 1927．Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery pictures as a hobby，but only changed to oils in old age because her hands had become too stiff to sew and she wanted to keep busy and pass the time．Her pictures were first sold at the local drugstore and at a market and were soon noticed by a businessman who bought everything she painted．Three of the pictures exhibited in the Museum of Modern Art，and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York．Between the 1930's and her death，she produced some 2，000 pictures：detailed and lively portrayals of the country life she had known for so long，with a wonderful sense of color and form．"I think really hard till I think of something really pretty，and then I paint it" she said．1．According to the passage，Grandma Moses began to paint because she wanted to________．A．make herself beautiful B．keep activeC．earn more money D．become famous2．Grandma Moses spent most of her life________．A．nursing B．painting C．embroidering D．farming3．The underline d word “portrayals ”means________．A．descriptions B．expressions C．explanations D．impressions4．From Grandma Moses' description of herself in the first paragraph，it can be inferred that shewas________．A．independent B．pretty C．rich D．nervous5．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？A．Grandma Moses：Her Life and Pictures．B．The Children of Grandma Moses．C．Grandma Moses：Her Best Exhibition．D．Grandma Moses and Other Older Artists．Passage 9Scientists say they now have proof to support the oldfashioned advice that it’s best to sleep on a problem．They say sleep strengthens the memory and helps the brain organize the masses of information we receive each day．The lead researcher Bob Stickgold at Harvard Medical School said，“Sleep helps us draw rules from our experiences．It’s like knowing the difference between dogs and cats even if it’s hard to explain．”The US research team studied how well students remembered connections between words and symbols，reports New Scientist．They compared how the students performed if they had had a sleep between seeing the words and having the test，and if they had not slept．They found that people were better able to remember lists of related words after a night’s sleep than after the same time spent awake during the day．They also found it easier to remember themes that the words had in common．But they forgot around one in four more themes if they had been awake．Prof．John Groeger，University of Surrey’s Sleep Research Centre，said，“People have been trying for years to find out what the purpose of sleep is，as we know that only certain parts of ithave a restorative value．”“We form and store huge numbers of experiences in the head every day，and sleep seems to be the way the brain deals with them all．”1．The phrase “to sleep on a problem” in Paragraph 1 most likely means “________”．A．to pay full attention to a problemB．to wait until the next day for a decisionC．to sleep to forget a problemD．to have difficulty in sleeping2．In the study by the US research team，students were asked to________．A．put together words of similar meaningsB．remember words and their meaningsC．show their knowledge of wordsD．make up lists of related words3．Which of the following may be easier to remember？A．Themes learned right before the test．B．Rules from personal experiences．C．Words learned before a good sleep．D．Ideas stored together in the brain．4．What may be the importance of the research？A．It shows that sleep may help us manage information．B．It helps find out the common themes of words．C．It tells us that more sleep can improve health．D．It proves the value of old-fashioned advice．Passage 10It’s 5：00 in the morning when the alarm rings in my ears．I roll out of bed and walk blindly through the dark into the bathroom．I turn on the light and put on my glasses．The house is still as I walk downstairs while my husband and three kids sleep peacefully．Usually I go for a long run，but today I choose my favorite exercise DVD insanity．Sweat pours down my face and into my eyes．My heart races as I face my body to finish each movement．As I near the end of the exercise，I feel extremely tired，but a smile is of my face．It’s a smile because the DVD is over，but a smile of success from pushing my body to its extreme limit．Some people enjoy shopping，smoking，food，work，or even chocolate．But I need exercise to get through each day．Some shake heads when they see me run through the town．Others get hurt when I refuse to try just one bite of their grandmother’s chocolate ca ke．They raise their eyebrows，surprised by my “no thank you，” or by my choice to have a salad．Over the years，I have learned it’s okay to just say “no．” I shouldn’t feel sorry for refusing food that I don’t want to eat．So what drives me to roll out of bed at 5：00 a．m．？What gives me the reason to just say to ice cream？Commitment．A commitment to change my life with a way that reduces daily anxiety，increases self–confidence and energy，extends life and above all improves my body shape．This is the point where a smile appears on my face as I look at myself in the mirror or try on my favorite pair of jeans that now fit just right．It’s through commitment and sweat that I can make a difference within myself inside and out．1．Why is there a smile on the author’s face i n the morning？A．Because she sees her family sleeping peacefully．B．Because she finishes her favorite exerciseC．Because she enjoys the interesting DVDD．Because she feels a sense of achievement2．Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 2？A．She doesn’t like others r politelyB．She likes to make others surprisedC．Others don’t understand what she does．D．Others try to help her by offering her food3．What does the underlined word “commitment” in the last paragraph mean？A．Good health B．Firm beliefC．A strong power D．A regular half4．What can we learn about the author from the text？A．She acts in a strange wayB．She wants to look different from othersC．She aims to develop a good body shapeD．She has difficult getting along with othersPassage 11“Drink your milk．It’s good for you！” You’ve probably heard that many times，and it’s true．Milk contains calcium，which is necessary for keeping bones and teeth healthy and strong．The US government even requires milk as part of the National School Lunch Program，saying that students should drink one cup of fat-free or low-fat milk every meal．However，a group of doctors asked the government to take it away from the lunch program．The US ‘Physician Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM) says，“Milk is high in sugar，fat and animal protein，” all of which have negative effects on health．The PCRM says there are better and healthier ways to get calcium such as eating beans，broccoli，cereals and tofu．Orange juice and soymilk that have calcium added to them also supply the nutrient．“One of the only reasons people prefer milk is because it is going to help build strong bones，” says Dr Neal Barnard，president of the PCRM．But milk may not be the best way to get calcium your body needs．Of course，calcium is important for healthy bones and teeth，but there are other things that affect your bone strength，such as genes，how much vitamin D you take in，and getting an hour’s worth of exercise every day．Some people disagree with t he idea that milk isn’t important．Keri Gans，an American Dietitian，says “I don’t think it’s irresponsible to take this beverage that children enjoy it very much，especially among those who are unable to meet their nutrient needs for the day，and remove it from the lunch line．”The U．S government is now considering the request of the PCRM，but a decision may be a long way off．Meanwhile，Marion Nestle，a professor puts it best：“Milk certainly has nutrients．Other food has the same nutrients．It’s just food．As with other food，too much might be a problem．”1．The U．S．government requires milk as part of the National School Lunch Program ．A．as a result of the request of the PCRMB．because milk is the best way to get calciumC．as drinking milk is good for bones and teethD．because milk is known to be fat-free or low-fat2．The PCRM proposed that milk be removed from the lunch program because ．A．American children are taking in too much calcium and suffering itB．drinking milk is not the best way to get the calcium your body needsC．drinking milk has more negative effects than positive ones on healthD．new researches prove that milk is not high in calcium as beans or tofu3．The underlined word “beverage” in the 4th paragraph probably means “”．A．food B．game C．plan D．drink 4．According to the author，．A．milk should be removed from the lunch programB．it is irresponsible to take milk out of the lunch lineC．it is up to the children to decide what to do with the milkD．it will take a long time for the government to makes a final decisionPassage 12Britain’s oldest man made his first visit to London yesterday at the age of 101．Mr．John Evans had never found the time or money to make the trip from his home in Forest Fach，near Swansea．But，when British Rail offered him an all-expenses-paid birthday trip to the capital he just could not refuse．He arrived at Paddington Station and smartly turned out in his best suit，favorite Panama hat and a red rose in his buttonhole．“It’s very exciting．There’s no doubt ab out it，” he said．Until yesterday he had never been far from home，except for one trip to Aberdeen．“But I’ve。
2023考研英语阅读理解参考答案
2023考研英语阅读理解参考答案(Banned at the Chelsea Flower Show, plastic grass isgrowing out of favour)21.The RHS thinks that plastic grassA.is harmful to the environment22. The petitions mentioned in Paragraph 3 reveal thecampaignersB. resistance to fake grass use23. In Paragraph 4, supporters of fake grass pointoutB. the disadvantages of growing real grass24. What would the government do with regard to artificialgrass?C. Remind its users to obey existing rules25. It can be learned from the text that fake grassD. has been a controversial product(lt's easy to dismiss as absurd the federal government'sideas)26.What problem are U.S. national parks faced with?D.poorly maintained infrastructure27. Increased privatization of the campgrounds mayA. spoil visitor experience28. According to paragraph 5 most respondents in thesurvey would agree to pay extra for the national parks29.The national parks are valuable in that they.B.have historical significance30. It can be concluded from the text that the national park systemD. is in need of a funding increase(The Internet may be changing merely what weremember)31.Sparrow's study shows that with the Internet, the human brain willC.switch its focus of memory32. The process of “cognitive offloading'D. lessens our memory burdens33. Which of the following would Sparrow support aboutthe Internet?A. It may reform our learning approach34. It is indicated in Paragraph 3 that how the Internet affects our brainsA.requires further academic research35. NeitherSparrow norStorm would agree thatB. the Internet is weakening our memory(Teenage Rebels with a Cause)36. According to Paragraph 1, children growing intoadolescencetend toA. develop opposite personality traits37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that Crone'sstudyC. provides a new insight into adolescence38. What does Crone's study find about prosocialbehavior?D.It tends to peak in adolescence39. It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that teenagersB.care a lot about social recognition40. What is the text mainly about?A. Why teenagers are self-contradictory41.[D] The new rules will take home prices to an even higher level.42.[F] The new rules will affect people whose homeextensions include new windows or doors.43.[B] Builders possibly need to submit new estimates of their projects.43.[B] Builders possibly need to submit new estimates oftheir projects.44.[A] The rise of home prices is a temporary matter.45.[G] The rule changes will benefit homeowners eventually.。
2024考研英语二试题及答案
2024考研英语二试题及答案2024年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）模拟试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分）Section A21-25题，每题1分，共5分阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Passage OneIn recent years, the popularity of online learning has surged as more and more people recognize the convenience and flexibility it offers. With the advent of technology, students can now access a wide range of courses from the comfort of their own homes. This has led to a significant shift in the way education is delivered and received.21. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The drawbacks of online learning.B. The benefits of online learning.C. The rise in online learning popularity.D. The challenges faced by traditional education.22. What can be inferred from the passage about the impact of technology on education?A. It has made education less accessible.B. It has increased the cost of education.C. It has improved the quality of education.D. It has made education more convenient.23. According to the passage, what is one advantage of online learning?A. It is less expensive.B. It offers more variety.C. It requires less technology.D. It is more structured.24. What is a possible reason for the shift in the way education is delivered?A. The high demand for traditional classroom settings.B. The limited availability of online courses.C. The preference for face-to-face interaction.D. The recognition of the convenience of online learning.25. What is the best title for the passage?A. The Decline of Traditional EducationB. The Future of Online LearningC. The Convenience of Online EducationD. The Cost of Online Courses答案：21. C22. D23. B24. D25. C二、完形填空（共10分）Section B26-30题，每题1分，共5分阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2014年张静中学中考英语阅读理解及答案 (21)
2014年张静中学中考英语阅读理解及答案（21）AOne day a lonely girl found two weak birds whileshe was walking in the woods(树林).She took them homeand put them in a small cage. She fed them with loveand the birds grew strong. Every morning they greetedher with a beautiful song. The girl loved them verymuch and wanted their singing to last forever.One day the girl left the cage’s door open. The larger and stronger of the two birds flew out of the cage. The girl watched worriedly as it circled(盘旋) high above her. She was afraid that it would fly away and she would never see it again. So when it flew close, she grasped(抓) at it wildly. She was very happy that she held it tightly within her hand! Suddenly, she felt something had happened to the bird. She opened her hand and was surprised to find the bird was dead. Her love for the bird killed it.She noticed the other bird jumping in the cage. She could feel that it wanted to be free. It hoped to fly into the clear, blue sky. She lifted(举起) it from the cage and flew it into the air. The bird circled once, twice, three times…When the bird was flying happily in the sky, she was so glad. Just then the bird flew closer and sat softly on her shoulder. It sang the sweetest song she had ever heard.The fastest way to lose love is to hold it tight; the best way to keep love is to let it fly!31. The girl loved the two birds very much because _____.A. they greeted her every morningB. they were hungry but very strongC. they liked staying in the cage quietlyD. they didn’t eat much food32. One day the girl forgot to close the door to the cage and _______ of the two birds flew out of the cage.A. the sickB. the femaleC. the larger and strongerD. the white and blue33. The girl held the bird rightly in her hand because she was afraid that ________.A. it would be killedB. it was feeling coldC. the other bird felt lonelyD. it would fly away34. The girl felt that the other bird ____ when it was jumping in the cage.A. wanted to see what happenedB. wanted to be freeC. wanted to sing a beautiful song againD. wanted to eat something35. What does the story want to tell us?A. We should protect the endangered birds.B. The cage is used to keep birds.C. The birds are easily killed.D. To keep love is to let it fly. 【主旨大意】本文通过讲述一个女孩把两只鸟放在笼子里养，后来不小心把其中的一只鸟抓死的故事，告诉人们抓紧爱会很快失去爱，放飞爱会保持爱的道理。
2020年考研《英语二》答案：阅读理解
2020年考研《英语二》答案：阅读理解Part AText 121、【答案】B A special tour【解析】细节题。
答案定位在第二段的“it is far better to spend money on experiences…like interesting trips…”，意思是“花钱消费在经历方面更好……，比如说有趣的旅行……”，由此能够得知答案是B选项“一场特别的旅行”。
22、【答案】A critical【解析】观点态度题。
答案定位在第三段的“something the average American spends a whopping two months a year doing, and is hardly jollier for it”，意思是“普通美国人一年花两个月的时间看电视，并且看电视几乎不可能更愉快”，所以能够得知作者对于看电视的态度是A选项“批判的”。
23、【答案】D rarity generally increases pleasure【解析】观点例证题。
答案定位在第三段，文章中提到Mc Rib这个例子，用这个例子证明的论点是“luxuries are most enjoyable when they are consumed sparingly”，大意是“有节制地消费奢侈品最令人愉悦”，D选项正是这句论点句的同义替换。
24、【答案】B may prove to be a worthwhile purchase【解析】细节题。
答案定位在最后一段的最后一句“most people will come away from this book believing it was money well spent”，大意是“绝大部分人看完这本书后，认为物有所值”，所以能够推知B选项是准确答案。
25、【答案】A balance feeling good and spending money【解析】主旨题。
外研版小学小升初英语阅读理解及答案【解析】 (21)
外研版小学小升初英语阅读理解及答案【解析】一、阅读理解1．阅读理解阅读理解My familyI have a happy family. There are four people in my family. They are my grandma, my father, my mother and I . My grandma is over 80. She still looks healthy. My father is a policeman. In my family, he is always the busiest one. My mother is a doctor. She makes sick people better. I am a primary school student. I study very hard at school. My parents love me very much. They always encourage me. I feel very happy and lucky to have such a wonderful family.（1）How many people in the family?A. Three.B. Four.C. Five.（2）How old is grandma?A. 80.B. 90.C. Over 80.（3）What does father do?A. He is a policeman.B. He is a doctor.C. He is a student.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要是作者介绍自己的家庭成员情况。
（1）根据There are four people in my family.知，他家里有四个人，故答案为B。
（2）根据My grandma is over 80.知他的奶奶超过80岁了，故答案为C。
MBA(英语)阅读理解练习试卷21(题后含答案及解析)
MBA（英语）阅读理解练习试卷21(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1.As a medium of exchange, money permits the separation of exchange into the two distinct acts of buying and selling, without requiring the seller to purchase goods from the person who buys his products, or vice versa. Hence producers who know they will be paid in money, can concentrate on finding the most suitable outlet (销路) for their goods, while buyers who will pay in money, can concentrate on finding the cheapest market for the things they wish to purchase. Specialization, which is vital to an advanced economy, is encouraged, because people whose output is not a complete product but only a part of one in which many others are involved can be paid an amount equivalent to their share of the product. Another advantage of money is that it is a measure of value—that is, it serves as a unit in terms of which the relative values of different products can be expressed. In a barter economy it would be necessary to determine how many plates were worth one hundred weight of cotton, or how many pens should be exchanged for a ton of coal, which would be a difficult and time-consuming (费时的) task. The process of establishing relative values would have to be undertaken for every act of exchange, according to what products were being offered against one another, and according to the two parties’desires and preferences. If I am trying to barter fish for bananas, for example, a lot would depend on whether the person willing to exchange bananas is or is not keen on fish. Thirdly, money acts as a store of wealth. It is difficult to imagine saving under a barter system. No one engaged on only one stage in the manufacture of a product could save part of his output, since he would be producing nothing complete. Even when a person actually produced a complete product the difficulties would be overwhelming. Most products deteriorate fairly rapidly, either physically or in value, as a result of long storage; even if storage were possible, the practice of storing products for years on end would involve obvious disadvantages—imagine a coal-miner attempting to save enough coal, which of course is his product, to keep him for life. If wealth could not be saved, or only with great difficulty, future needs could not be provided for, or capital accumulated to raise productivity.1．Using money as a medium of exchange means that ______.A．you have to sell something in order to buy somethingB．you have to buy something in order to sell somethingC．you don’t have to buy something in order to sell somethingD．the seller and the purchaser are the same person正确答案：C解析：文章第一段第一句话就对货币作为交换媒介下了定义：“货币把买卖两种不同的行为区分开来，因此不要求卖方一定要购买买方的货物。
高一英语阅读理解训练21(含答案)
高一英语阅读理解训练二十一ASharon, Aged 22The most important thing to keep in mind when going into high school is to be yourself. Besides, I don’t know what your middle school was like, but high school teachers will not care about things such as how much homework you already have in one night. It’s best to just learn to deal with things and manage your time wisely so you can achieve everything you need to.Frank, Aged 21I think almost every kid feels both nervous and excited before their first day. You will probably love it. I know I did. You should join in some sports or activities that will make your high school experience more enjoyable. Good luck!Eddie, Aged 20When I started high school, I was really nervous too, especially since I had been homeschooled a ll through middle school and didn’t really know anyone. I suppose the best advice would be to just relax. The first couple of days can be a little bit hard, but things will become easier before you know it.David, Aged 19I’m not going to lie. The first day is kind of frightening. But you’ll get used to it. Don’t be afraid of anyone; upperclassmen will pick on you more if you let them know you’re afraid. Just take it easy. Making some friends and staying with them will greatly help you get used to high school quickly. After the first week it’s really not bad at all. Don’t worry.1.What can we infer from Sharon about high school?A. Teachers are quite strict.B. Students often stay up at night.C. Teachers provide little care for students.D. Students should make good use of their time.2. How did Eddie feel on his first day of high school?A.Excited.B. Bored.C. Relaxed.D. Worried.3.Who mentions the importance of friends?A. Frank.B. David.C. Sharon.D. Eddie.BIt's never easy to explain exactly when a specific language began, but in the case of English we can at least say that there is little sense in speaking of the English as a separate language before the Anglo-Saxons came to Britain. Little is known of this period with any certainty, but we do know that Germanic invaders came and settled in Britain from the north-western coastline of continental Europe in the fifth and sixth centuries. The invaders all spoke a language that was Germanic (related to Dutch, Frisian, German and the Scandinavian languages, and to Gothic), but we'll probably never know how different their speech was from that of their continental neighbours.The reason that we know so little about the language in this period is because we do not have much in the way of written records from any of the Germanic languages of north-western Europe until several centuries later. When Old English writings began to appear in the seventh, eighth, and ninth centuries there was a good deal of regional variation(变化), but not more than that found in later periods. This was the language that Alfred the Great referred to as ‘English’ in the ninth century.The Celts were already resident(定居) in Britain when the Anglo-Saxons arrived, but there are few obvious traces of their language in English today. Some scholars have suggested that the Celtic tongue might have had an underlying influence on the grammatical development of English, particularly in some parts of the country, but this is highly speculative(猜测). The number of borrowed words known for certain to have entered Old English from this source is very small. Those that survive in modern English include “brock” (badger), and “comb” (a type of valley), alongside many place names.4.When did the English language begin ?A. After the Anglo-Saxons came to Britain.B. Before the Germanic invaders settled in Britain.C. At a time that no one will know for certain.D. At the same time as Germanic languages began.5. “continental neighbours” in Paragraph 1 refer to people living in _____.A. Great BritainB. AfricaC. EuropeD. Ireland6. Why do people know so little about the language in Britain in the Anglo-Saxon period?A. There are few written records from the Germanic languages.B. Old En glish didn’t have any written system.C. Much of the written records have been lost.D. There was a good deal of variation in the records.7. What does the author think about the Celtic language ?A. It influenced the grammatical development of English.B. It had little influence on modern English.C. It borrowed a few words from Old English.D. It greatly enriched modern English vocabulary.CThe Mekong River, for thousands of years, has been the lifeline of the populations that depend on it for survival. The earliest settlements along the river date back to 2100 BC with the first recorded civilization—the Khmer culture of Funan. In the 5th century, the Khmer culture Chenla existed along the Mekong, and the Khmer empire of Angkor was the last great state in the region. Roughly 700 years ago, the Thai people escaped from South China across the Mekong to form the kingdom of Siam (now Thailand), and the Mekong protected Siam from invasions.In 1540, the Portuguese Antonio de Faria was the first European to discover the Mekong. Although Europeans showed only some interest in the Mekong, the Spanish and Portuguese did make trade expeditions(探险) to the area, and the Dutch led an expedition up the Mekong in 1641-42. In the mid-19th century, the French led an exploration on the river between 1866 to 1868 and discovered that the Mekong had too many rapids and waterfalls to ever be useful for navigation(航行). From 1893, the French enlarged their control of the river into Laos until the First and Second Indochina Wars ended French involvement(介入) in the region.The Mekong has long been regarded as the foundation of Southeast Asia's economic growth and prosperity—necessitating(使必要) cooperation between the countries. In 1995, the "Agreement on the Cooperation for the Sustainable Development of the Mekong River Basin（流域）" signed by the governments of Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam formed the Mekong River Commission (MRC). The MRC facilitates(促进) joint management of the shared water resources and cooperation on development issues. In 1996, China and Burma became Dialogue Partners of the MRC.Today, much of the Mekong remains undeveloped and even unexplored. It is closely tied to the daily lives and culture of over 60 million people, many of whom live in poverty (贫困). However, life along the river is changing, as large dams on the river have been built with plans for many more. Many people now live and work in the towns.8. What is the best title for this passage?A. The Mekong is being damaged by human activities.B. The Mekong has attracted peoples from the world.C. The Mekong has helped countries to cooperate.D. The Mekong nourishes(养育) the land and her people.9. The French ended their control over the Mekong because _____.A. the river was unsuitable for navigationB. France lost the Indochina WarsC. France lost their interest in the riverD. Their agreement with Laos came to an end10. Why did the Mekong basin countries form the MRC?A. Much of the river remains undeveloped and unexplored.B. Many of the people along the river live in poverty.C. The river is the foundation for their economy.D. China and Burma came up with the suggestion.11. What is the author’s attitude towards the future life of the people?A. Indifferent(冷漠的).B. Optimistic(乐观的).C. Pessimistic(悲观的).D. Sarcastic(讽刺的).DWhen parents discover their children have lied to them for the first time, it can often come as a shock to find their little treasures are capable of such a trick. But new research has suggested many parents may not even notice many of the lies their children tell them.Psychologists have discovered that most parents are over-confident in their children’s honesty and this may impair their ability to discover a lie.The findings may help to explain why some parents seem to be willing to let their children get away with al most anything even in the face of the evidence. They say parents suffer from a “truthbias(偏见)” with their own youngsters, but when faced with lies from other people’s children, they have less difficulty telling if a statement is true or not.Dr Angela Eva ns, a psychologist at Brock University in Canada, said, “The close relationship that parents share with their own children may lead to parents failing to detect their children’s lies. Parents’ truth bias may result in parents being less suspicious of their children, allowing them to successfully cheat them.”Most children are thought to start lying as early as two years old but start telling more believable lies at around the age of four years old. Learning how to lie is considered as a key part of cognitive(认知的) and social development in children. But many parents are shocked when their children start lying to them. In their study, Dr Evans and her colleagues filmed 108 children aged between 8 and 16 as they performed a test after being asked not to look at the answers. They were then asked afterwards if they had looked, with 50 truthfully denying looking, 49 lying about looking and 9 admitting to looking.Videos of those denying looking were then shown to 152 parents of children aged 8 to 16, 80 of whom had children who had taken part in the test. The researchers found that the parents were less able to spot lies told by their own children than by other people’s children.12. What does the underlined word “impair” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Show.B. Develop.C. Damage.D. Recognize.13. When lying to their parents, children can’t be easily found because ________.A. their parents pretend not to see the liesB. their parents aren’t prepared for the liesC. they are very good at hiding their liesD. they know how to lie to their parents14. What does Dr Evans want to find about children’s lying?A. What makes parents lose trust in their children.B. What causes children to tell lies to their parents.C. What makes parents fail to see t heir children’s lies.D. What affects children’s relations with their parents.15. What can be inferred from Dr Evans’s study in the last two paragraphs?A. Parents tend to protect their own children.B. Lying is a part of children’s development.C. Children aged 8 to 16 are very likely to tell lies.D. Parents can easily judge lies told by children of others.阅读理解答案1—3DDB 4—7ACAB 8—11DBCB 12--15 CBCD。
2024年新高考英语一轮复习专题 21 阅读理解之词义猜测题(含答案解析)
专题21 阅读理解（词义猜测题）1.（2023·广东深圳·高三统考期末）On the outside, 12-year-old Luna seems like your average kid. It's not until you get to know her that you learn that Luna is anything but average.Bom with a heart defect (缺陷)called dextrocardia, Luna has had three open-heart operations and continues to pursue her interests in art and fashion. But when Luna was approached by athletic shoe company Saucony to design a shoe for sale across the country, it came as quite a surprise.“This is so incredible. I got to use my art and creativity for something new that I'd never thought I'd be able to design,“ Luna said. She is one of six patients from Boston Children's Hospital ( BCH) who have partnered with Saucony to design their own shoe to launch the Shoes with Soul campaign.“Rather than just a donation, we wanted to create an experience and a moment that would not only raise money, but also awareness to highlight all the amazing work that's being done at BCH,“ says Chris, Saucony's vice president. “Specifically, we wanted to give some of the BCH kids an opportunity to share their story and their talents with the world. ”Luna's design is fashion. u On the tongue ,they digitalized one of my drawings, and then on bottom it's a really bright pink color, and on the inside ,the sole of the shoe is actually another drawing I did of a sunset,“ she said. "Thinking about kids everywhere around the world wearing my shoe is amazing. It blows my mind.”The income from the shoe sales will benefit the Boston Children's Hospital Cardiac Fitness Program, which encourages kids to “find your possible" through personalized exercise programs tailored for each individual patient's heart condition.“It feels really good to help people and it's really something I can relate to,“ says Luna. “The advice I would give a kid or someone like me is never give up. There are a lot of kids out there with your condition and you're not alone.”1．What can we learn from Chris' words?A．It's unwise to raise money.B．It's optional to seek donations.C．It's wonderful to study art.D．It's necessary to show kids' talents.2．What does Luna mean by “It blows my mind" in paragraph 5?A．I'm overjoyed.B．['m very serious.C．My mind goes blank.D．My mind is racing.3．Which of the following best describes Luna?A．Gifted and determined.B．Generous and serious.C．Grateful and helpful.D．Creative and sensitive.4．What is the text mainly intended to do?A．Tell us a story of a disabled girl.B．Set a good example to the disabled.C．Launch Saucony's new brand shoes.D．Introduce a campaign with kid patients.【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．D【分析】这是一篇记叙文。
中考语文阅读专项训练—第21篇
东坡(宋)苏轼雨洗东坡月色清，市人行尽野人行。
莫嫌荦确坡头路，自爱铿然曳杖声。
【注释】①东坡：苏轼在贬官黄州时居住与躬耕的地方。
②荦(luò)确：山多大石的样子。
1、前两句诗写出了月光下的东坡____________________的环境特点。
【答案】清幽，宁静【解析】首先理解前两句“雨洗东坡月色清，市人行尽野人行”的意思是“雨点纷落，把东坡洗得格外干净，月亮的光辉也变得清澈，城里的人早已离开，此处只有山野中人闲游散步，然后可见环境的特点是“清幽，宁静”。
2、第3、4句诗景中寓情，表达了诗人怎样的思想情感?______________________________________________ ___________【答案】表达了诗人热爱自然、恬淡旷达(乐观)的思想情感。
【解析】一个“莫嫌”，一个“自爱”，那以险为乐、视险如夷的豪迈精神，都在这一反一正的强烈感情对比中凸现出来了。
这“荦确坡头路”不就是作者脚下坎坷的仕途么?作者对待仕途挫折，从来就是抱着这种开朗乐观、意气昂扬的态度，绝不气馁颓丧。
3、第一句中的“清”字用得好，有怎样的表达效果?【答案】收到了情景交融的表达效果。
实写雨后山冈幽静，皎洁月光透过无尘的碧空，敷洒在珠水晶莹的万物上，一片澄明的境界;暗写诗人守志僻处而自足于怀的悠闲。
【解析】这是一道诗歌词语赏析题，这种题型是要求赏析时应联系全诗的主旨，从遣词、造句、修辞等不同方面仔细揣摩、推敲，来理解作者炼字技巧的精妙。
具体而言，要分三步回答：第一步，解释该字在句中的含义;第二步，把该字放入原句中展开联想，描述景第三步，点出该字烘托了怎样的意境，或表达了怎样的感情。
梁惠王曰：“晋国①，天下莫强②焉，叟之所知也。
及寡人之身，东败于齐③，长子死焉;西丧地于秦七百里④;南辱于楚⑤。
寡人耻之，愿比⑥死者一洒之，如之何则可?”孟子对曰：“地方百里⑦而可以王。
王如施仁政于民，省刑罚，薄税敛，深耕易耨⑧。
陕西省西安市高考英语短文改错、阅读理解训练(21)及答案
西安市 2019 高考英语短文改错、阅读理解训练（ 21）及答案To everyone in the world ， money was a sensitive topic.76.Not one can live without money in modern society. People77.has different opinions on it. Some people think one should78.live to make money ， when others make money to live.79.In my opinion ， the latter should reasonabl e.80.[根源 :]We should not be the slave of money. Although money81.means a lot in our life ， but it doesnot mean everything.82.We can't exchange it for friendship or love. Money indeed can83.made a person enjoy his life for a while but not all his life.84.On a word ， money is something but not everything.85.(三 )76．was → is77.Not→ No78. has → have79. when→ while80. should∧→ be81.slave→ slaves82. 去掉 but83.√84. made→ make85.On → In******************************************************结束人物列传类 ---[201* 上海·卷 ](A)Phil White has just returned from an 18 ， 000mile ， aroundtheworld bicycle trip. White had two reasons for making this epic journey. First of all ， he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity ， which he did. He raised￡70，000 for the British charity，Oxfam. White's second reason for making the trip was to break the world record and become the fastest person to cycle around the world. He is still waiting to find out if he has broken the record or not.White set off from Trafalgar Square ， in London ， on 19th June 2019 and was back299 days later. He spent more than 1， 300 hours in the saddle (车座 ) and destroyed four sets of tyres and three bike chains. He had the adventure of his life crossing Europe， the Middle East ，India， Asia ， Australia ， New Zealand and the Americas. Amazingly ， he did all of this with absolutely no support team. No jeep carrying food ， water and medicine. No doctor. Nothing!Just a bike and a very， very long road.The journey was lonely and desperate at times. He also had to fight his way across deserts， through jungles and over mountains. He cycled through heavy rains and temperaturesof up to 45 degrees， all to help people in need. There were other dangers along the road. InIran， he was chased by armed robbers and was lucky to escape with his life and the littlemoney he had. The worst thing that happened to him was having to cycle into a headwind on a road that crosses the south of Australia. For 1，000 kilometres he battled against the wind thatwas constantly pushing him. This part of the trip was slow ， hard work and depressing， but he made it in the end. Now Mr. White is back and intends to write a book about his adventures.65.When Phil White returned from his trip ， he ________.A. broke the world recordB. collected money for OxfamC. destroyed several bikesD. travelled about 1 ， 300 hours66.What does the word“ epic” in Paragraphostprobably1m mean?A. Very slow but exciting.B. Very long and difficult.C. Very smooth but tiring.D. Very lonely and depressing.67.During his journey around the world ， Phil White ________.A.fought heroically against robbers in IranB.experienced the extremes of heat and coldC.managed to ride against the wind in AustraliaD.had a team of people who travelled with him68.Which of the following words can best describe Phil White?A. Imaginative.B. Patriotic.C. Modest.D. Determined.【重点综述】本文叙述了Phil White 进行全球自行车旅游的原由及困难历程。
2021考研《英语一》阅读理解答案
2021考研《英语一》阅读理解答案21.The crash of EgyptAir Flight 804 is mentioned to[A] explain American’s tolerance of current security checks.[B] stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.[C] highlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S. airports.[D] emphasize the importance of privacy protection.21【A】这是一道例证，按照常规套路文中的例子，所要证明的主题应该在例子之前，所以定位例子的前一句，Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security protocols in return for increased safety. 关键信息是tolerate time-consuming security美国人愿意忍耐耗时的安检，对应A选项的内容，同义替换。
22. Which of the following contributes to long waits at major airports?[A] New restrictions on carry-on bags.[B] The declining efficiency of the TSA.[C] An increase in the number of travellers.[D] Frequent unexpected secret checks.【C】题干问哪个能够解释为什么美国机场排队很长。
定位到第三段第二句Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices, have resulted in long waits at major airports. 原因出现在result in之前。
【英语】小学小升初英语阅读理解及答案【解析】 (21)
【英语】小学小升初英语阅读理解及答案【解析】一、阅读理解1．阅读理解阅读短文，选择正确的答案。
It is a hot day in summer. A lion is walking along a lake. He is looking for something to eat. He is very hungry. A duck is swimming in the river. The lion is very excited to see him. ‘Aha, there is m y lunch,' the lion says to himself."Hello, Mr Duck!" "Go away, bad lion!" says the duck. "I have good news for you." "What is it?" asks the duck. "I don't want other animals to hear it. Please come here." says the lion. The duck swims out of the river and runs to the lion. The lion eats him up quickly.（1）The lion wants to __________.A. walk along the lakeB. find something to eatC. swim in the river（2）When the lion sees the duck, he is very _________.A. hotB. happyC. tired（3）_______ says to ________, ‘There is my lunch.'A. The duck, the lionB. The lion, the duckC. The lion, himself（4）The duck wants to _____________.A. be the lion's good friendB. know about the good newsC. run away（5）The _______ is the _______ lunch at last.A. duck, lion'sB. lion, duck'sC. other animal, lion's【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）C（4）B（5）A【解析】【分析】①根据所给的短文，A lion is walking along a lake. He is looking for something to eat.一只狮子在湖边散步.他正在找吃的东西.故答案为B.②根据所给的短文，A duck is swimming in the river. The lion is very excited to see him.一只鸭子正在河里游泳.看到他，狮子很兴奋.故答案为B.③根据所给的短文，‘Aha, there is my lunch,' the lion says to himself.啊哈，有我的午餐，”狮子对自己说.故答案为C.④根据所给的短文，The duck swims out of the river and runs to the lion.鸭子从河里游了出来，跑向狮子.故答案为B.⑤根据所给的短文，The lion eats him up quickly.狮子很快就把它吃掉了.故答案为A.【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读全文，然后根据选择合适选项填空，使句子完整.2．阅读理解根据表格，完成下列句子Before Now(quiet)(active)（2）Before, She liked________. Now, She likes________ very much.（3）Before, she liked________. Now, she liked________.（4）She is ________ before. Now she is ________ .【答案】（1）short；long（2）oranges；grapes（3）flying a kite；playing volleyball（4）quiet；active【解析】【分析】这是一个描述作者妹妹原先和现在不同的表格。
七年级上册英语阅读理解及答案21
初一英语阅读理解技巧在做英语阅读时，首先通读全文，不要被某个或某些自己不熟悉的单词所困扰，了解大概意思。
然后看问题，带着问题精读全文，同时选择答案，必要时用排除法，注意，文章中一般都会有答案，有的可以直接找到，英美人并不愿意把问题弄得太深奥，不必想得太复杂，很多都是直接了当的，千万别自己发挥想象。
但不得不说，平时多积累词汇量的话，答题可能就会主动一些，有把握一些。
一、初中阅读理解考查的主要内容。
首先，初中英语试题中的阅读文章题材多样(涉及政治经济、社会文化、风俗习惯、历史地理、科学技术等各个方面)，体裁形式丰富(包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文以及新闻报道、广告、通知、操作说明、表格等)，这就需要考生在平时对各方面的知识都有所积累。
其次，阅读理解主要是考查考生综合运用所学语言知识的能力，包括阅读、理解、归纳概括、逻辑推理以及对材料的评估能力等。
在阅读技巧上，考生要注意文章的个别词或句子、文章的某细节或情节、文章的主题或背景知识、文章的结论或结局、文章内涵的寓意等。
最后，从问题设置上可以将问题总结为四种类型：(一)直接题目：这种题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节，就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案。
此类考查事实和细节的题目大多数是针对文章的细节设计的。
(二)理解性问题：要求对文中个别难词、关键词、词组或句子做出解释。
解答这类题目时需要对有关的上下文，甚至整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解才能做出正确答案。
此类猜测词义的题目，要求考生根据上下文确定某一特定的词或短语的准确含义。
(三)推理性题目：这种题目考生往往不能直接从文中找到答案，而需要根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后，才能找到答案。
有时甚至还得考虑作者的主旨、倾向等因素加以推理，才能获得正确答案。
此类题目主要考查的是句及句之间，段及段之间的逻辑关系。
(四)概括性题目：要求考生在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章做出归纳、概括或评价。
高中英语真题-2014高考英语阅读理解全程冲刺训练(21)及答案
高中英语真题:2014高考英语阅读理解全程冲刺训练（21）及答案阅读理解-----AWhile small may be beautiful, tall is just plain uncomfortable it s eems, particularly when it comes to staying in hotels and eating in restaurants.The Tall Persons Club Great Britain (TPCGB), which was formed six m onths ago to campaign for the needs of the tall, has turned its at tention to hotels and restaurants. Beds that are too small, show e heads that are too low, and restaurant tables with hardly any l eg-room all make life difficult for those of above average height, it s ays.But it is not just the extra-tall whose needs are not being met. The average night of the p opulation has been increasing ye the standard size of beds, do orways, and chairs has remained unchanged.]“The bedding industry says a bed should be six inches larger th an the person using it, so even a king-size bed at 6′6″(6 feet and 6 inches) is falling short for 25% of m en, while the standard 6′3″ bed caters for less than half of the m ale population.” Said TPCGB president Phil Heinricy, “seven-foot beds would work fine.”Sililarly, restaurant tables can cause no end of problems. Small tables, which mean the long-legged have to sit a foot or so away from them, are enough to make tall customers go elsewhere.Some have already taken note, however. At Queens Moat Hou ses′Caledoman Hotl in , 6′6″beds are now put in as standard aft er requests for longer beds from taller visitors, particularly Amer icans.( ) 1. What is the purpose of the TPCGB campaign?A. To provide better services.B. To rebuild hotels and restaurants.C. To draw public attention to the needs of the tall.D. To attract more people to become its members.( ) 2. Which of the following might be a bed of proper length ac cording to Phil Heinricy?A. 7′2″.B. 7′C. 6′6″D. 6′3″( ) 3. What may happen to restaurants with small tables?A. They may lose some customers.B. They may start businesses elsewhere.C. They have to find easy chairs to match the tables.D. They have to provide enough space for the long-legged. ( ) 4. What change has already been made in a hotel in ?A. Tall people pay more for larger beds.B. 6′6″beds have taken the place of 6′3″beds.C. Special rooms are kept for Americans.D. Guest rooms are standardized.【解题导语】说明文。
小学阅读理解《第21位应聘者》
第21位应聘者佛瑞迪当时只有16岁。
在暑假来临的时候，他对爸爸说：“爸爸，我不要整个暑假都向您伸手要钱，我要找个工作。
”父亲从震惊中恢复过来之后对佛瑞迪说：“好啊，佛瑞迪，我会想办法给你找个工作，但恐怕不容易，现在正是人浮于事的时候。
”“您没有弄清楚我的意思，我并不是要您给我找工作，我要自己去找。
再说，您也不要那么消极。
虽然现在人浮于事，我还是可以找个工作，因为有些人总是可以找到工作的。
”“哪些人？”父亲带着怀疑问。
“那些会动脑筋的人。
”儿子回答说。
佛瑞迪在“事求人”广告中仔细寻找，找到了一个很适合他专长的工作。
广告上说找工作的人要在第二天早上8点钟到达42街的一个地方。
佛瑞迪并没有等到8点钟，而在7点45分就到了那儿，即使如此，那时也已经有20个求职者排在前面，他是第21位。
怎样才能引起主事者的特别注意而赢得职位呢？根据佛瑞迪所说，只有一件事可做——动脑筋思索。
于是他进入了最令人痛苦也最令人快乐的程序：思索。
在真正思索的时候，总是会想出办法的。
佛瑞迪就想出了一个办法，他拿出一张纸，在上面写了些东西，然后折得整整齐齐，走向秘书小姐，恭敬地对她说：“小姐，请你马上把这张纸条交给你的老板，这非常重要！”她是一名老手。
如果她是个普通的职员，也许就会说：“算了吧，小伙子，你回到队伍的第21个位置上去等吧。
”但她没有这样做，她直觉到，在这个小伙子身上散发着一种高级职员的气质，她把纸条收下了。
“好啊，让我来看看这张纸条。
”秘书小姐看了纸条不禁微笑了起来，并立刻起身走进老板的办公室，把纸条放在老板的桌上，老板看了，紧锁的眉头放松了，大声笑了起来，因为纸条上写道：“。
”他是不是得到了工作？当然。
这是他善于动脑筋的应有结果。
是的，一个会动脑筋的人总能把握住问题的关键，并能解决它或者想出一种新的办法，给人启发。
佛瑞迪就是这样一个人。
1.给加点的字选择正确的读音，在下面画“ ”。
应聘．（pìn pìng） 怀疑．（yí ní） 不禁．（jìn jīn）2.联系上下文，解释下列词语。