2019年阜阳中小学教师考编英语学科专业知识倒装主谓一致强调句法知识要点
专题十特殊句式倒装、强调、主谓一致等常考点
专题⼗特殊句式倒装、强调、主谓⼀致等常考点专题⼗⼀特殊句式(倒装、强调、主谓⼀致等)常考点近⼏年，⾼考中有关特殊句式注重考查知识之间的交叉，因此，也加⼤了在语境中综合考查语法知识的⼒度。
在考查强调句的同时，把定语从句、省略句以及强调句与时间状语从句、地点状语从句等融合到⼀起，考查学⽣综合把握语法知识的能⼒。
1强调句①构成和判断：“It is/was＋被强调的部分(时间状语/地点状语/原因状语/⽅式状语/名词/代词/从句)＋that(指⼈可⽤who)＋句⼦的其余部分”。
如：It was because he was ill that he was absent.②⼀般疑问句和特殊疑问句的强调句。
如：Was_it on the street that_you met Tom?What_was_it_that made him upset?Do you know what_it_was_that_made_him_upset?[注]强调句型⽤于宾语从句时应⽤陈述语序。
③not until的强调句，其结构为“It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋句⼦剩余部分”。
如：It was not until I came back that he left.④强调谓语⽤“does/do/did＋动词原形”。
如：He did come back yesterday.①In my opinion，Mr.White ________ good to his students in his class at present.A. does doesB. does didC. does doD. did do②—What did she want to know，Tom?—She wondered ________ we could complete the experiment.A. when was itB. it was when thatC. it was whenD. when it was that③It was on the farm________ they visited ________ they got to know.A. where；thatB. which；whenC. that；thatD. which；which④—________ that he managed to get the information?—Oh，a friend of his helped him.A. Where was itB. What was itC. How was itD. Why was it⑤It was about 600 years ago ________the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.A. thatB. untilC. beforeD. when【答案】①C②D③C④C⑤A2it ⽤法①指代上⽂的同名同物。
2019年阜阳中小学教师考编英语学科专业知识介词连词用法知识要点.doc
阜阳师出教育整理考点五介词的用法一、介词at/ in /on1.表示时间：1)at表示某一具体时间点，某一时刻/ 年龄at six o’clock at noon at that time at the moment at the age of... at night2)in表示时间段, 一天的三个时间段以及月份/年/季节/世纪/人生的某个时期(某人几十岁时)in the morning/afternoon/evening in spring in 2007in March in the 21st century in his fifties3)on表示星期几/某一具体的日子/具体某天的上午/下午/晚上，表示一天中的三个时间段名词前有修饰语或后有修饰语时On Monday on New Year’s Day on Sunday morning on a rainy night on the evening of A pril 1st ,20072.表示地点：1)at 一般指较小的地点或较具体的位置at the station at the cinema2)in 表示在较大的地点或一个有限空间里in China in the classroom3)on 指在某物体的表面上 on the desk二、介词in /on / to 表方位1.in表示A地在B地范围之内(包含关系) Tanwan is in the southeast of China.2.on表示A,B地接壤(外切关系) Hubei is on the north of Hunan.3.to表示A,B两地有一定的间距(外离关系) Japan is to the east of China.三、between / among 在……之间1.between指两者之间，“在…….之间”2.among用于三者或三者以上人或物之间，“在……之中”You sit between him and me.The song is popular among the students.四、after / in 在……之后1. after1)after+时间段，表示从过去的某个时间点算起一段时间后，与过去时连用He came back home after three years. 他三年后回到家里。
英语中主谓一致知识点总结
英语中主谓一致知识点总结主谓一致是指主语与谓语在人称和数上保持一致的规则。
下面是一些主谓一致的知识点总结：一般情况下，主谓在人称和数上保持一致。
即，单数主语使用单数谓语动词，而复数主语使用复数谓语动词。
例子：He runs every morning. （他每天早上跑步。
）They run every morning. （他们每天早上跑步。
）若主语为第三人称单数形式，谓语动词要加上“-s”或者“-es”。
例子：He speaks English fluently. （他英语讲得很流利。
）She studies math every day. （她每天都学数学。
）若主语为第一人称复数或第二人称复数形式，谓语动词不加“-s”。
例子：We like to play soccer. （我们喜欢踢足球。
）You have to finish your homework. （你们必须完成作业。
）若主语为集体名词，根据语境决定是否使用单数或复数形式的谓语动词。
例子：The team is practicing for the game. （队伍正在为比赛进行练习。
）The team are having a meeting before the game. （队伍在比赛前开会。
）若主语为连接词（如and, or, neither...nor, either...or），谓语动词的形式要根据最接近的主语决定。
例子：John and Mary are siblings. （约翰和玛丽是兄妹。
）Neither the book nor the movie is interesting. （这本书和电影都不有趣。
）需要注意的是，有些名词，尽管是复数形式，但是在表示某个整体的时候可以当作单数，所以用单数谓语动词。
例子：My pants is too tight. （我的裤子太紧。
）Physics is a difficult subject. （物理是一个难的学科。
(完整版)主谓一致知识点总结(最新整理)
主谓一致考点总结考点1：英语语法一致原则主语和谓语通常是在语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式时，谓语动词采用单数形式；主语是复数形式时，谓语动词也采用复数形式。
1.当and或both ...and ...连接两个或两个以上名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
Eg： Fish and chips are getting very expensive.2.不定代词either，neither ,each ,one ,the other ,another ,any body ,anyone ,anything ,nobody ,no one ,nothing 等作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。
Eg：（1）Is there anything wrong with your bike？你的自行车有什么毛病吗？（2）Everyone is ready for the sports meeting.大家都在为运动会做准备。
3.由each ,each ...and each ...,every ...and every ...做主语时谓语动词用单数形式。
Eg：Each man and each woman there is asked to help.4.主语后接有with ,along with ,together with ,as well as ,no less than ,more than,including ,besides ,like ,except ,but 等词或短语时，谓语动词单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。
Eg：（1）The summer holidays are coming，so the twins as well as Jack __B__ to Hong Kong for vacation.A．is going B．are going C．goes D．go（2）Diana，together with her friends，__C__ Chinese in China.A．study B．have studiedC．studies D．are studying5.“a number of +名词复数”做主语时谓语动词用复数形式;“the number of +名词复数”做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
倒装句语法知识点归纳总结
倒装句语法知识点归纳总结倒装句是英语中的一种句法结构，与普通句序不同，将谓语动词或助动词放在主语之前，从而改变了句子的语序。
倒装句在表达强调、修辞、疑问和条件等方面起到重要的作用。
本文将对倒装句的基本结构、分类、用法和注意事项进行总结和归纳。
一、倒装句的基本结构1. 完全倒装句：将谓语动词或助动词完全放在主语之前。
例：In the garden stood a beautiful flower.Behind the house lies a large garden.2. 部分倒装句：将助动词、情态动词或系动词放在主语之前。
例：He can speak three languages.Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.二、倒装句的分类1. 谓语倒装句：将谓语动词完全或部分地放在主语之前。
例：She is coming. -> Is she coming?He has never been to Japan. -> Never has he been to Japan.2. 状语倒装句：将表示地点、时间、方向、原因、条件等的状语放在句首，主语和谓语动词保持原来的顺序。
例：Away went the train.In the distance could be seen a tall tower.3. 主从倒装句：主句和从句中的主语-谓语结构进行倒装。
例：Not until she finished her homework did she go to bed.Only when the rain stopped could we go outside.三、倒装句的用法1. 强调句：通过倒装句，可以将句子的某一部分进行强调，常用的结构是完全倒装句和部分倒装句。
例：Not only did he win the game, but he also broke the record.Under no circumstances should you touch the red button.2. 疑问句：直接将谓语动词或助动词放在主语之前形成疑问句。
高中英语知识点归纳句子的主谓一致和倒装结构
高中英语知识点归纳句子的主谓一致和倒装结构主谓一致是英语语法中的一个基本概念。
在句子中，主语和谓语动词需要在人称和数上保持一致。
主谓一致的错误会导致句子结构混乱，使读者产生困惑。
另外，英语中还有一种特殊的句子结构，称为倒装结构。
倒装结构指的是将谓语动词放在主语之前，通常出现在某些特定的句子或语境中。
本文将对主谓一致和倒装结构进行归纳总结。
主谓一致结构要求主语和谓语动词在人称和数方面保持一致。
具体而言，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词需要加上-s或-es。
例如：- He plays tennis every day.（他每天打网球。
）- The sun rises in the east.（太阳从东方升起。
）当主语是第一人称单数或复数时，谓语动词保持原形不变。
例如：- I love reading books.（我喜欢看书。
）- We study English every day.（我们每天学习英语。
）此外，在使用连接词（如and、or、but等）连接多个主语时，谓语动词的人称和数要与最靠近的主语保持一致。
例如：- Mary and Alice are good friends.（玛丽和爱丽丝是好朋友。
）倒装结构是英语中另一种常见的句子结构。
在倒装句中，谓语动词位于主语之前。
倒装结构的使用与特定的句子或语境有关。
以下是常见的倒装结构类型：1. 完全倒装结构：主语与谓语动词完全颠倒。
常用于以副词、介词短语或状语从句开头的句子中。
例如：- In the garden sat a beautiful girl.（花园里坐着一个漂亮的女孩。
）- Not only did he pass the exam, but he also got the highest score.（他不仅通过了考试，而且还获得了最高分。
）2. 部分倒装结构：只将助动词、情态动词或系动词放在主语之前，而谓语动词仍然位于主语之后。
专题12.主谓一致和倒装句考点聚焦和精讲
主谓一致和倒装句考点聚焦和精讲【中考主谓一致和倒装句考点聚焦】一主谓一致在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。
主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和邻（就）近一致原则。
1、语法一致的原则语法一致是指主语和谓语在语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语也采用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语也必须采用复数形式。
（1）主语是以下情况时，谓语动词用单数形式：不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词、不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）、从句等。
1.Coffee is more popular in western countries. 咖啡在西方国家更流行。
2.The girl under the tree is my friend. 在树下的女孩是我的朋友。
3.He goes to school early every morning. 他每天早上上学早4.To work hard is necessary for a student. 对于学生来说努力学习是必要的。
5.Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处。
6.What he said is not true. 他说的话是不对的。
What he left me are some old books. 他留给我的是一些旧书。
（2）主语是可数名词复数、复数代词，谓语动词用复数形式。
1.Some boys are playing in the park. 一些男孩在公园里玩。
2.They have been swimming for 2 hours. 他们已经游泳两个小时了。
（3）由and或both…and…连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
1.Both he and I are right. 我和他都是对的。
2.Mr Black and Mrs Black have a son called Tom. 布莱克先生和布莱克夫人有一个儿子叫汤姆。
2019年阜阳中小学教师考编英语学科专业知识动词用法知识要点
阜阳师出教育整理考点九动词的时态一、一般现在时1.概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
也可表示客观规律以及在时间、条件状语从句中表将来时（主将从现）2.时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week/day/year/month…, once a week, on Sun days,3.基本结构：①be动词：am/is/are ②行为动词：动词原形、第三人称单数。
4.否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②don’t/doesn’t +动词原形+……5.一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；② Do/Does +…+动词原形+…?一、一般过去时1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month...), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time,...3.基本结构：①be动词；was/were …②行为动词 :动词的过去式4.否定形式：①was/were+not;②didn’t +动词原形5.一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；② Did +…+动词原形……?三、现在进行时1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2.时间状语： now, at this time, these days, look/listen ,can you see? Can’t you see ?之类的暗示语。
3.基本结构： am/is/are+doing4.否定形式： am/is/are+not+doing.5.一般疑问句： Is /Are …+doing sth ?四、过去进行时1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
专题15 主谓一致与倒装句(解析版)
专题15 主谓一致与倒装句☞考点解读主谓一致与倒装句是初中常见语法项目，时常出现在近几年中考试题中，题型以单项选择为主，在完形填空、句子翻译、句型转化及书面表达也有涉及。
考查以主谓一致的三大原则和常见的倒装句式为主，具体涉及以下考点：1. 主谓一致与倒装句基本概念的理解；2. 语法一致、意义一致及就近原则的具体运用；3.there be句型中的主谓一致问题及倒装现象；4. 常见倒装句式的运用及辨析。
☞知识梳理一、主谓一致在句子中，主语和谓语是句子的核心成分。
主语由具有名词性的词、短语或从句承担，有人称及数的变化；谓语由具有动词性的词、短语承担，常随主语的变化而变化，主语与谓语需在人称和数上保持一致。
主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，常遵循三个原则，即：语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则。
原则1. 语法一致语法一致是指主语与谓语在语法形式上要保持一致，即：主语单数形式，谓语单数形式；主语复数形式，谓语复数形式。
1. 一般情况下，可数名词的单数形式作主语，谓语动词用单数；可数名词的复数形式作主语，谓语动词用复数；不可数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数。
例如：My brother is very tall. 我弟弟很高。
【经典例题1】Last Sunday my uncle ________________ at home with me. We were watching TV all day.A. wasB. wereC. isD. are【答案】A【解析】考查主谓一致及动词时态。
句意：上周日我和我的叔叔在家，我们一整天都在看电视。
时间状语Last Sunday常与一般过去时连用，谓语动词需用动词的过去式表示，排除C、D；uncle为可数名词单数，谓语动词也应使用单数形式，选A。
2. 连词and或both...and...连接两个名词或代词作主语，表示不同的人或事物时，谓语动词常用复数形式。
主谓一致和倒装句
be的人称和数应与和其最靠近的那个名词的人称和数保持一致。 There are ten desks and a chair in the classroom.
在教室里有10张课桌和1把椅子。
考点二 倒装句 英语句子的基本语序是比较固定的，一般主语在前，谓语在后。但有时因 为语法结构的要求或由于修辞的要求，往往要改变句子的自然语序，把一 些本应置于主语之后的成分提前，我们称这种语序为倒装语序。 倒装语序又分为全部(完全)倒装和部分倒装。 (一)全部(完全)倒装 如果谓语动词全部放在主语之前，这种语序称为完全倒装。
《天方夜谭》是一本有趣的书。 7．以ics结尾的表示学科的名词，如physics，politics，
mathematics (maths)等以及一些以s结尾的名词，如news，James等不
可数名词或专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 I think physics is easy.我认为物理很容易。 The news is very important.这则消息很重要。
5．主语后跟with，along with，together with，except，but， like，as well as，rather than，more than，besides，including等
引 起的短语，谓语动词的数由前面主语的单复数来决定，不受短语的影
响。 Mr Brown，together with his children，has come to China.
其中一些夏令营扎在乡村或湖上。 The rest of the money was given to him.
剩下的钱都给了他。
4．分数或百分数作主语时，谓语动词要与它们所指代的名词的数一 致。
主谓一致与主谓倒装的规则归纳
主谓一致与主谓倒装的规则归纳主谓一致是指句子中的主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。
而主谓倒装是指将句子中的主语与谓语的位置颠倒过来。
这两种语法结构在英语中经常出现，掌握它们的规则对于正确运用语言至关重要。
本文将对主谓一致和主谓倒装的规则进行归纳总结。
一、主谓一致的规则1. 单数主语（singular subject）通常与单数谓语动词（singular verb）搭配，例如：- The boy plays soccer.（这个男孩踢足球。
）- She sings beautifully.（她唱得很美。
）2. 复数主语（plural subject）通常与复数谓语动词（plural verb）搭配，例如：- The boys play basketball.（这些男孩打篮球。
）- They laugh loudly.（他们笑得很大声。
）3. 特殊情况：当主语为复数名词时，却包含单数意义时，谓语动词应使用单数形式，例如：- The news is shocking.（这则消息令人震惊。
）- Physics is my favorite subject.（物理是我最喜欢的科目。
）4. 当主语是以“each”、“every”、“no”、“either”、“neither”等词开头时，谓语动词通常使用单数形式，例如：- Each student has a book.（每个学生都有一本书。
）- No one knows the answer.（没有人知道答案。
）5. 当主语由两个或多个并列名词（coordinate nouns）构成，且用“and”连接时，谓语动词通常使用复数形式，例如：- Tom and Jerry are good friends.（汤姆和杰里是好朋友。
）- Apples and oranges are popular fruits.（苹果和橙子是受欢迎的水果。
）二、主谓倒装的规则1. 当句子以副词或短语开头时，主谓倒装常常发生，例如：- In the garden stands a beautiful tree.（花园里有一棵漂亮的树。
重要知识点总结倒装句与强调句的构成与用法
重要知识点总结倒装句与强调句的构成与用法倒装句与强调句是英语语法中的两个重要知识点，它们的使用能够使句子更加生动有力，突出某些信息。
本文将对倒装句与强调句的构成与用法进行总结，并提供一些实例来帮助理解。
一、倒装句的构成与用法倒装句是指将句子中的主语和谓语动词的位置颠倒，或将助动词或情态动词与其后的主语颠倒。
倒装句在强调句子的某些内容，或者在特定语境下，可以使句子更加简洁、清晰明了。
1. 完全倒装完全倒装是指将句子中的主语和谓语动词的位置颠倒，通常出现在以下情况下：a) 当以表示地点、方向或方式的副词、介词短语或状语从句开头时，常使用完全倒装。
例如：- Away went the cat, chasing after the mouse.（猫跑了，追赶着老鼠。
）- In came the teacher, bringing a pile of books.（老师进来了，带着一堆书。
）- Under no circumstances should you give up.（在任何情况下都不应该放弃。
）b) 当以表示否定意义的词语开头时，常使用完全倒装。
例如：- Not only did he finish the project ahead of time, but also he did an excellent job.（他不仅提前完成了项目，而且做得非常出色。
）- Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset before.（我从未见过如此美丽的日落。
）- Seldom does she complain about her workload.（她很少抱怨自己的工作量。
）c) 当以表示条件的状语从句开头时，常使用完全倒装。
例如：- Should you need any further assistance, please do not hesitate to contact us.（如果你需要任何进一步的帮助，请随时与我们联系。
主谓一致、强调句和倒装句、情态动词和虚拟语气讲解以及习题详细解析
主谓一致、强调句和倒装句、情态动词和虚拟语气讲解以及习题详细解析主谓一致主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持人称与数的一致关系。
有些句子不易直接看出主语的单复数，需仔细推敲。
处理主谓一致要注意语法一致，意义上一致和就近一致。
一、语法上的一致一个句子的主语是单数时，谓语动词也应是单数形式，主语是复数，谓语动词也用复数形式。
例如：Learning English is very important.学习英语是很重要的。
The girl together with her two sisters has left for Nanjing.Both Bob and Tom are my friends.但如果并列的主语指的是同一个人，同一类物，谓语动词要用单数形式。
例如：A singer and dancer is going to attend our meeting.由and连接的并列单数主语前，如果分别有each, every等修饰时，谓语要用单数。
例如：Every boy and every girl was given a present.Each word and each phrase in the dictionary is important.二、意义上的一致主语形式是单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词根据意义要用复数；反之主语形式为复数，但意义为单数，谓语动词也用单数。
如表示一笔钱，一段时间，一定重量时，这些单位虽是复数形式，但谓语动词是单数形式。
例如：It seems to me that five years is so short a time.Two hundred dollars was spent on the books.有些集体名词，如family, group, class等作主语时，作为整体看待，谓语动词要用单数，就其中一个个成员而言，谓语要用复数。
例如：My family is a happy one.My family are watching TV.三、就近一致出现几个主语时，谓语动词的人称单复数须和最近的主语保持一致。
英语学科专业知识之主谓一致考点归纳
英语学科专业知识之主谓一致考点归纳主谓一致是英语中的一个重要语法点，也是每年招教考试中的高频考点。
主谓一致所包含的知识点比较繁杂，下面我会从名词/代词做主语、不定量词修饰的名词做主语、连接词连接的名词做主语以及非谓语动词和从句做主语四个方面对该语法点进行归类整理，以便考生更好地复习。
1. 名词/代词做主语1）代词代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等做主语时，谓语动词由其指代的词的单复数决定。
Eg. All is right.一切顺利。
All are present. 所有人都到齐了。
2）集体名词集体名词作主语时，谓语动词要根据主语的意思来决定。
如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后用复数形式时，意为这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时表示集体。
Eg. His family isn't very large.他家不是一个大家庭。
His family are music lovers.他的家人都是音乐爱好者。
注意：people，police，cattle, poultry本身就是复数，谓语动词也用复数形式3）形复意单a. 在表示国家、城市、机构、组织以及书籍、报纸、杂志等专有名词Eg. The Arabian Nights is a book known to lovers of English.b. 以—ics结尾的学科名等表达整体概念的名词后谓语动词用单数。
Eg. Physics is my favorite subject.4）时间、金钱、距离、度量等名词当表示金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。
Eg. Two weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.2. 不定量词修饰的名词做主语1）用half of, part of, most of, a portion of，分数或百分数+of 等词修饰主语时，谓语通常与of后面的名词/代词保持一致。
主谓一致英语语法考点知识总结
主谓一致周容发布时间：2010-8-6 10:10:19英语中主语和谓语在人称和数上必须保持一致;这种一致关系一般遵循三条原则：语法一致原则、概念意义一致原则、毗邻一致原则;在用英语表达时,必须注意主谓一致,否则就容易出错;本文以三条原则为基础对英语主谓一致进行论述;1、语法上一致grammatial concord;主要指动词和主语在数和人称上的一致;传统语法规则大多符合这个原则;1〉主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式;例如：This girl is clever enough to study maths well.The masses have full confidence in the their leaders2〉、一些由两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具,作主语时,谓语通常用复数形式,如glasses 眼镜,clothes,trousers,shoes,compasses圆规,shopsticks,scissors,scales天平,spectacles眼镜,gloves,stochings,pants等;例如：His trousers have worn out .My glasses are new .但如果主语由“a kind of ,a pair of , a series of 等加名词”构成时,谓语动词一般用单数形式; 例如：A pair of shoes was in the box .“pair , piece + of + 名词或物主代词”作主语时,谓语动词与pair 和piece 等词保持一致,与of 之后的名词或代词无关;例如：The pieces of stone were then carried to the new place for the temple , 60 metres higher up the hill .They watched pairs of people who were sitting in college coffee—shops for at least an hour . 3〉、如果主语被more than one….或many a ….修饰时,尽管从意义上看是复数内容,但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式;这符合语法一致原则;例如：More than one student has seen the film .Many a ship has been damaged in the storm .但是,“more + 复数名词+ than one”结构之后,谓语动词一般多用复数形式;例如：More members than one are against your plan .4〉、each , every , no 所修饰的名词即使以and 或逗号连接成多个并列主语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;例如：Each boy and each girl wants to serve the people.No teacher and no student is excused from taking part in such a stormy discussion .In our country every boy and every girl has the right to education .5〉、由and 或both…and连结的主语有复数意义时,用复数动词;这是遵循语法上一致原则的;例如：A hammer and a saw are to be used .Both my sister and my cousin study in Shanghai .Plastics and rubber never rot .Walking and riding are good exercises .但是,并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数形式,这时and 后面的名词没有冠词;例如：The director and chief engineer is an experienced person .A knife and fork is on the table .The girl’s teacher and friend is a young doctor .Truth and honesty is the best policy .To love and to be loved is the great happiness .6〉、this kind of book = a book of this kind 这种书其谓语用单数；短语this kind of men = men of this kind = these kind of men 口语这一类人,但this kind of men 作主语,谓语用单数,men of this kind 和these kind of men 的谓语用复数;all kinds of 后跟复数名词,谓语用复数形式;例如：This kind of men is dangerous .Men of this kind are dangerous .This kind of man annoys me .There are three kinds of computer .Some new types of bus are on show .7〉、不定代词each , either , neither ,none , all, one , the other , anyone , anything ,someone , some , more…等作主语,因其有单数意义,谓语动词可用单数,以符合语法上一致原则;但在某特定情况下,不定代词也有复数概念,这时一般用复数动词;这样,语言流畅自然而且也符合概念上一致和紧邻一致原则;例如：Each takes a cup of coffee .Nobody is listening .Now all has been changed .All are present .I invited both Peter and John , but neither have come .I wonder if either are coming .The speech was tedious . Nobody , not even the teacher , were listening .但Either , none , any , 和neither 后面如果有“of + 复数名词或代词”,动词可以用复数,也可以用单数；在正式文体中,单数形式更常用;例如：Does any of you know his address .None of them has have seen the film .We are expecting guests from the country , but none of them has arrived .8〉、当主语后跟有as well as , as much as , no less than , along with , with ,like , rather than ,togeter with , but , except , besidees , including , in addition to等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的单、复数按主语中心词的单、复数而定;例如：The teacher as well as the students was excited .An iren and steel works , with some satellite factories , is to be built here .He , like you and Xiao Li is very clever .Nobody but Smith and John was in the laboratory yesterday .Every picture except these two has been sold .No one , besides Helen , Joan , Mary , and Alice ,is willing to help me .The factory , including its machines , was burnt last night .His sister no less than you is wrong .The father , rather than the brothers , is responsible for the accident .但以下两例除外,把它们可以看做受紧邻关系影响;No one except his own supporters agree . 张道真语法第426页GCE,One man with his wife , both looking very anxious , were pleading with a guard to let them through . GCE, , Note b9〉、关系代词who , that , which 等在定语从句中作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致;例如：Those who want to go please sign your names here .Some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun .Old stamps that have not been used are usually more expensive than used stamps .He , who does not reach the Great Wall ,is not a true man .10〉、在“It is 或It was + 被强调部分+ that / who….”的强调语句中,当强调主语时,who或that后的动词应与被强调的词保持一致;例如：It is he who often helps me .It is I who have saved his wife .11〉、在“one of + 复数名词+who / which / that”引导的的从句结构中,关系代词who \ that \ which的先行词是靠近它的复数名词而不是one,因此,从句中的动词应该是复数形式;例如：This is one of the most interesting questiongs that have been asked .但是,但one之前有the only 等修饰语时,关系代词的先行词是one,而不是靠近它的复数名词,因此从句的动词应用单数形式;例如：She was the only one of the grils who was late for the meeting .12〉、“分数或百分数+ 名词”构成的短语以及由“a lot of、lots of、plenty of、a large quanty of、the rest of、a heap of、heap of +名词”构成短语作主语时,其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词数保持一致,这是因为短语中of后面的名词是中心词,而名词前面的短语是修饰语;例如：70% of the earth’s surface is covered by water.I know that one of the towers is on the top of a hill , but the rest of the buildings are easy to get to.Three-fifths of the workers here are women.Lots of damage was caused by fire.Plenty of English books are on the shelf.A large quantity of beer was sold.A quantity of blouses were on sale.13 a great number of, many, a few, quite a few 修饰可数复数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词用复数；a little ,much ,a great deal of ,a large amout of 修饰不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数;例如：A number of other plants were found in America, for example, beans ,potatoes and different fruits.A great deal of trouble lies before us.A large amount of A great deal of damage was done in a very short time .14 large quantities of 修饰可数复数名词或不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数;Large amounts of 修饰不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数;例如：Quantities of food nuts were on the table .Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.15 the number of +可数复数名词,the amount of+不可数名词,the quantity of +可数复数名词或不可数名词构成的短语,作主语时,谓语动词用单数;例如：The quantity of books in the library is amazing.As a result, the number of people who travel by plane in China is larger than ever before .The quantity of heat in the office has not been increased .The amount of money is great.16 half of ,apart of 修饰可数名词单数及不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数；修饰可数名词复数时,谓语动词用复数;例如：Half of the year has passed .Half of the fruit is bad.A part of the stories are interesting.Part of his money is spent in buying books .17,动名词及动名词短语、动词不定式短语、从句,作主语时,谓语动词用单数;例如：Nodding the head means agreement ,while shaking it means disagreement .To hold the Olympic Games is a rich prize for a country .Whether he succeeds or fails doesn’t concern me.When they will come hasn’t been made public.That this had happened is not your fault..2. 概念意义上一致notional concord.指动词和主语在数上的一致是根据数的概念而不是根据数的形式;18某些集体名词,形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,作主语时,谓语动词用复数;例如：The police are searching for him.Cattle are one cause of the problem.The crowd were running for their lives .The Chinese people are brave and hare-working.但people 作“民族”讲时,谓语动词可用单数;例如:Every people has its own ways of living .The Chinese people is a brave and hard-working one.19主语形式为复数而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数;这类词有表示学科的名词：physics,economics, statistics,linguistics, athletics,politics,mathematics.有表示山川,河流,人名,地名,作品名称的专有名词;如：the Alps, the Philippines, Athens,Williams,The Times ,the United States, the Arabian Nights等;有些常见的形复意单的普通名词,如means, news ,works,, measles, headquarters等;例如：Mathematics is a very inpertant subject.Statistics is his major.The United States is in the western hemisphere.“The Arabian Nights ”is a very interesting storybook.Taday’s news is quite surpising.The Alps is in Europe.The glass works was rebiult in 1959.Athens is the capital of Greece.The Times has a wide circulation.Every means has been adopted.但有时这类词有复数意义,这时动词就要用复数;例如：All possible means have been tried, Statistics show that there is a great increase in production.20某些集体名词如family,team等作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式；如果就其中的个体而言,谓语动词用复数形式;这类名词有：audience,class,club,committee,company,crew,crowd,enemy,government,group,party,public,team, population等;例如：My family all love music.My family is not large.The football team are having baths now.The football team is playing well.The population in China is very large ,and eighty percent of the population in China are farmers. “a groupcrowdof+复数名词”等短语之后谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数,前者强调整体,后者强调部分;21单复数同形的名词作主语时,如,sheep,deer,Chinese,Japanese等,谓语动词根据意义决定单复数;例如：A sheep is over there.Some sheep are over there.Deer run faster than dogs.22名词所有格之后名词被省略的情况一般只指商店、工场、住宅等,作主语时,动词一般用单数;常见的省略名词有：the baker’s,the barber’s,the carpenter’s, the Zhang’s等;例如：Ｍy uncle’s is not far from here.The doctor’s is on the side of the street.表示店铺的名词一般作集体名词看待,但用作主语时,谓语动词往往用复数;例如：Richardson’s have a lot of leather goods to sell .23当词组中心词为表示度量,距离,金额,时间等复数名词时,往往可以根据意义一致原则,把这些复数名词看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数;例如：Three years has passed.Ten months is enough for them to make a trip.Five pounds is quite enough.24如果名词词组中心词是all,most,half,rest,part等词语,表示的是复数意义,谓语动词用复数形式,表示的是单数意义,谓语动词用单数;例如：All of my classmates work hard .All of the water is gone.25名词性物主代词后的动词,既可以用单数,也可以用复数,这取决与它所代替的是单数还是复数;例如：Ours our party is a great party.Your shoes are black ,mine are brown.26such,the same作指示代词用时,应根据其所指代的内容来决定单复数;例如：Such is our plan . Such are his words .27 、疑问代词who ,what , which作主语时,谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定单复数;例如：Who lives next door It is Xiao Liu ;Who live next door The Zhangs .Which is are your books .What produces heat28、基数词单纯表示数字作主语时,其谓语动词通常用单数形式,但当基数词表示的不是数值而是数量的时候,谓语动词可用复数形式;例如：Ten billion is a large number .Twelve were boys .英语中算术式作主语时,若是减法和除法算式,谓语动词通常用单数形式；若是加法和乘法,谓语动词有时也可用复数形式;例如;Three taken from eight leaves five .Twelve divided by four is threeThree and plus two is/are fourThree times fives is / are fifteen .在提问加、减、乘、除得数时,如果用how much,谓语动词多用单数形式；如果用how many 提问,位于动词多用复数形式;例如：How much is eight divided by twoHow many are two times five29、表示数量的one and a half后,名词要用复数形式;谓语动词的数视具体情况而定;中心词表示金钱、距离、时间等词,常被看作是一个整体,谓语动词习惯用单数；中心词是apple ,banana等可数名词时,位于动词习惯用复数,因为one and a half of是大于“一”的概念;例如：One and a half hours is enough for me to finish the composition .One and a half banana are left on the table .30 如果主语由“the + 形容词”结构充当时,谓语通常用复数,这类词有the brave,the poor,the rich,the blind,the dead ,the deef and dumb,the oppressed,the injured,the wounded,the unemployed等；但也有少数的过去分词与定冠词连用时指个别,则用单数;例如：Tht blind study in special schools .The rich are for the plan,but the poor are against it .The departed was a well-known engineer .31、the world 作主语,谓语动词一般用单数;例如：It will be the bigget live concert that the world has ever seen .The whole world is watching for the results of talks .Half the world lives below the poverty line32、由what 引导的主语从句,谓语动词通常用单数；所指的具体内容若是复数意义,谓语动词一般用复数形式;例如：What we need is more time .What we need are doctors ;What he says and does does not concern me .What he says and does do not agree .3、毗邻一直preximity;指的是动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数一致;33、由or, either….or, neither….nor, not only…but also…,not…but 连接两个主语时,谓语动词与最靠近它的那个词保持数的一致;例如;A few notebooks or some paper is what I need .Either the boys or Mary is wrong .Not only the boys but also the father was to blame .Not one but all of them are good .Neither the record nor the tapes are mine .但neither…nor 有both…and 的反面意思,有些语法家认为,不论nor后的主语是否是复数,习惯上也用复数动词;例如：Neither father nor mother agree 李学平,藩欢怀着当代英语语法概论P18434、在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词应与主语保持数的一致;如果主语为并列的几个词,谓语动词则和最近的那个词保持数的一致;例如：On the wall is a famous painting .On the wall were famous paintings .There is a pen and some books on the desk .There are two books and a pen on the desk .Between the two windows hangs a picture .There comes a young woman and her two children .英语主谓一致是一个简单而复杂的问题;说其简单是因为它一般都遵循语法上一致、概念上一致、毗邻一致三个原则；说其复杂是因为它可分为三十多种情况而且不同语法家的观点不尽相同;笔者按照自己的观点,打破以往传统语法着作对主谓一致依据词类做主语的分类论述,把主谓一致三十多种不同情况分别归属于三条原则下,使人一看便知遵循的是哪条原则,进而对主谓一致做出准确判断;主谓一致的三条原则尽管不同,但它们相互作用,相互包容,还有些特殊情况,本文在论述中,进行了一一论述;对一些有争议的问题,笔者认为应遵循从人们普遍能接受的说法;试看下面两组例子;One and a half pears is left on the table .徐立吾当代英语实用语法P431湖南教育出版社One and a half bananans are left on the table . 包天仁高中英语语法过关训练P214吉林教育出版社One in ten are expected to take part in the contests . 张道真,实用英语英法P426商务印书馆One out of ten has been assigned to do the decoration .李学平,藩欢怀当代英语语法概论P186 北京师范大学出版社。
主谓倒装知识点总结
主谓倒装知识点总结一、主谓倒装的作用主谓倒装在句子中的作用主要有以下几个方面：1. 突出信息：通过主谓倒装可以突出句子中的主语或谓语，从而加强句子的语气和表达方式。
比如，在强调句中可以使用主谓倒装来突出要表达的重要信息。
2. 表示感叹：在表示惊讶、兴奋、赞美等情感时，常常使用主谓倒装的句型来表达。
3. 强调句：主谓倒装在强调句中经常使用，可以使得强调的内容更加突出。
4. 避免重复：有时候为了避免句子中的重复，可以使用主谓倒装的形式，简化句子结构，使得表达更加简洁。
二、主谓倒装的结构主谓倒装按照结构可以分为简单句和复合句两种形式。
1. 简单句的主谓倒装结构主谓倒装的简单句结构通常是由助动词或情态动词和主语加谓语构成，其中主谓倒装的具体形式取决于句子的时态和语态等因素。
例如：There is a book on the desk.→On the desk is a book.2. 复合句的主谓倒装结构在复合句中，主谓倒装常常使用在条件状语从句、时间状语从句、地点状语从句或让步状语从句等从句中，以表示特定的语气和含义。
例如：If I were you, I would study hard.→Were I you, I would study hard.三、主谓倒装的使用条件主谓倒装的使用条件主要有以下几种情况：1. 在倒装句型中，如果以谓语为主，用英语中谓语为主语的无生动名词或者无生动代词去掉集合名词或者不可数名词为主，就是倒装结构。
2. 在以none、all、both、either、neither、each、every、little、few、many、much、more、most等表示数量的词为主的主谓倒装结构。
3. 短时间副词、短地点副词、副词位于句首时，我们通常要采用尽状语倒装现象。
4. 否定副词位于句首时，只要主谓倒装的条件具备，就要将否定副词置于谓语动词之前。
5. 在有些 be 系动词构成的句子中，我们把谓语中的 be 与主语进行颠倒，可把句子变成主谓倒装。
专题13 主谓一致和倒装句-初中英语重点语法知识完整梳理(全国通用)
主谓一致和倒装句【定义】主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。
主谓一致必须遵循三个原则，即语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近一致原则。
语法一致原则是指主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。
意义一致原则是主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致，即主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，则谓语动词用复数形式；若主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数形式。
就近一致原则也叫邻近原则，是指谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。
【知识归纳】一、语法一致原则式不定代词another, each one, either,neither, the other, somebody, someone, something, nobody, everybody, everyone, everything, nothing, anybody, anything, anyone, no one等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式Is everyone here?Something is wrong with my computer.I called last night,but nobody was in.主语后面跟with, along with, like,except, besides, as well as, together with, including, no less than, rather than, as much as等词或短语时，谓语动词的数与主语保持一致Mei Mei,with her parents,often goes to the park on Sunday.A teacher,together with some students,is standing at the gate.主语前面有表示“单位、度量”的短语如“a kind (sort/ type/ form/ pair/ cup/ glass/ piece/ load/ block/ box/ handful/ quantity/ ton/ metre/…)of”等时，表示“单位、度量”的这个名词的单复数决定谓语的单复数形式This kind of car is made in China. Large quantities of water are needed.“分数或百分数+ 名词”作主语或“a lot of／lots of, plenty of, most of + 名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于名词。
教师招聘考试 英语专业知识—句法(主谓一致,倒装,强调)
教师招聘考试英语专业知识—句法（主谓一致，倒装，强调）教育，是增进人知识技能，发展人智力、体力和思想品德的社会活动。
知识教育的内容含义，也是我们日后成为教师要做的事情，也是我们在教育学的学习中要核心解决的问题。
在教育学基础部分，我们主要要掌握教育的相关概述，如教育现象的起源与发展，教育学的创立与发展，教育的规律等;教育的相关内涵，如教育制度，教育目的，教育的形式;教育实施中的微观内容，如教师和学生的关系，教学和德育以及班主任的管理工作等。
下面是教综考点集锦，能把这些知识点吃透，那就肯定能取得一个好成绩，离成功上岸更进一步。
主谓一致一、就近原则1.由并列结构或连词（either...or，neither...nor，not...but，not only...but also，or等）连接的并列主语，谓语动词与较近的那个名词或代词保持一致。
Neither his parents nor Tom is at home.2.在倒装句和there be句型中，谓语动词与后面的第一个主语保持一致。
There is a book and some pens on the desk.There comes the bus.3.在定语从句中，关系代词作主语，其谓语动词应与它所指代的先行词保持一致。
I know the man who is talking to my father.4.在强调句中，连接代词又在句中作主语，这时它应与被强调的主语保持一致。
It is Mary’s brother who/that was injured in the car accident yesterday.二、意义一致原则1.当主语与谓语动词之间插入along with，with，as well as，together with，besides，except，but，including等短语时，谓语动词与第一个主语保持一致。
I along with my sister am going to Shanghai next month.2.由“what”引导的名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。
主谓一致和倒装
中考复习十二主谓一致和倒装考试要求：从学英语开始就涉及主语和谓语的一致性，是英语学习及考查的基础，从单项选择到书面表达，都可能涉及到主谓一致的问题，可以说是每年全国各地的中考试卷必考题目。
倒装句因为与汉语语言习惯的不同和较多的句型结构而成为初中英语的难点，虽然初中英语涉及到的倒装句型不算太多，在中考试卷中也总有一定的比例，尤其在阅读理解和完形填空中对上下文的理解会有很大的影响，因此也是中考复习的重点。
知识总结：主谓一致就是句子的谓语动词形式在人称和数上必须和句子的主语保持一致，叫主谓一致。
这种关系一般要遵循三个原则：语法上一致的原则；意义上一致的原则和就近一致的原则。
一、语法一致谓语和主语通常从语法形式上取得一致，主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也为复数形式。
例如：The boy is clever enough to study maths well. 这个男孩够聪明，可以把数学学好。
Everybody in my class tries to do well in English. 我们班每个人都努力学好英语。
I. 下列情况谓语动词只能用单数：1. 不可数名词或可数名词单数作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
例如：Water is very important to the trees. 水对树来说非常重要。
2. 如果句子的主语是一个抽象的概念，抽象名词，此名词也是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。
例如：Brave is one of his advantages. 勇敢是他的一个优点。
3. 动词不定式或者动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
例如：To improve your English is the most important work. 提高你的英语是最重要的工作。
Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 看电视太多对你的眼睛有害。
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阜阳师出教育整理第二部分句法考点十三主谓一致一、就近原则1.由并列结构或连词（either...or， neither...nor，not...but， not only...but also， or等）连接的并列主语，谓语动词与较近的那个名词或代词保持一致。
Neither his parents nor Tom is at home.2.在倒装句和there be句型中，谓语动词与后面的第一个主语保持一致。
There is a book and some pens on the desk.There comes the bus.3.在定语从句中，关系代词作主语，其谓语动词应与它所指代的先行词保持一致。
I know the man who is talking to my father.4.在强调句中，连接代词又在句中作主语，这时它应与被强调的主语保持一致。
It is Mary’s brother who/that was injured in the car accident yesterday.二、意义一致原则1.当主语与谓语动词之间插入along with，with，as well as，together with， besides，except， but， including等短语时，谓语动词与第一个主语保持一致。
I along with my sister am going to Shanghai next month.2.由“what”引导的名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。
What I want to say is just “ Take care!”.3. “...+ (of) +名词”作主语时，若“of”后的名词为单数（不可数名词），则谓语动词用单数，如果名词为复数，则谓语动词用复数。
Most of the water here is clean.Half of the apples are red.4.词组“a number of”作主语时，谓语动词应用复数；“the number of”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
A number of ancient buildings were destroyed in the war.The number of the visitors has decreased this year.5.英语的集体名词（family, public, group, team, class等词），指代“整体”时为单数；指代“其中的各成员”则为复数。
My family was very poor when I was a little girl.My family are all looking forward for your coming.三、整体原则1.从句、不定式、动名词等作主语时谓语动词用单数。
When to leave has not been decided.Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.2.如果两个以上的名词组成一个整体概念作主语时，谓语动词须用单数。
The novelist and poet is going to Europe next year.The novelist and the poet are going to Europe next year.3.表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数。
Ten minutes is enough.4.“the +姓氏名词的复数”表示“一家人/….夫妇”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
The Blacks enjoy working in China.四、个体原则1. every +….and every +…..或each+…and each +…作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Every man and every woman is busy at working.2.英语句中的each， either， neither等词，作代词充当主语，修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Neither of us has been abroad.Neither answer is acceptable3. 由some, any every, no构成的复合词（somebody，nobody，everything，anything等）作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Somebody is waiting for you at the school gate.4. 成双成对出现的复数名词（glasses，shoes，trousers，pants，gloves等）作主语时，通常谓语动词用复数，但前面有a /the pair of；a /the suit of等词语时，则谓语动词要与量词（pair, suit, piece ）在单复数上保持一致。
A piece of paper is on the desk.Two pieces of paper are on the desk.5.以复数形式出现，却表示单数意义（maths, physics, news …），谓语用单数。
Maths is my favorite subject.6.“the +形容词（old /young /rich /poor ）”表示“一类人”，作主语时，谓语用复数。
The young like listening to popular songs .考点十四倒装1.当句首为副词here ，there 且主语为名词时，应用完全倒装。
Here comes the bus !There goes the bell !2.only 修饰时间、地点、方式等状语时，应用部分倒装。
Only in this way can we solve the problem.Only when you told me did I know her name.【注意】如果 only 修饰的不是状语，则句子不倒装。
Only Uncle Li knows how it happened.3.表示对前者的陈述也适用后者时，肯定倒装用“ so + 助动词／情态动词 + sb”；前句是否定，而后面的人也不怎么样时用“ neither / nor + 助动词 / 情态动词 + sb”。
He can speak English, and so can I.If she doesn’t go there tomorrow，neither / nor will I.【注意】①“ so + 助动词 / 情态动词 + sb”表示前者的主语和后者的主语的情况一样，所谈到的是两个人，意为“...也是这样”；②“ so + sb + 助动词 / 情态动词”表示前者和后者所指同一人时，说话者表示同意前者的观点，意为“的确如此”。
— Li Lei likes sports. — So he does and so do I.4.由 not only...but also...引起的并列句，若将 not only 置于句首时，该分句应部分倒装， but also 引导的分句不倒装。
Not only did he give me some advice，but also he lent me some money.5.否定词用于句首时，句子应进行部分倒装。
否定词常用的有：Not until(直到…..才)，No sooner….(than)(一…..就)，Never/ Rarely/Seldom，Hardly/Scarcely，Few/Little，At no time，Under no circumstances(决不)，On no account (决不)，In no way 等。
No sooner had I arrived school than it began to rain.Seldom does he talk to his desk-mate.6.as引导的让步状语从句表“尽管”时，要将表语、状语和动词原形提到句首Young as he is, the team leader is very capable.Child as he was, he had to make a living.考点十五强调英语中常见的用来表示强调的句型有以下几种。
1.It is / was + 被强调部分+ that/who + 其他成分I met him in the park this morning.→It was I who / that met him in the park this morning.（强调主语）→It was him that I met in the park this morning.（强调宾语）It was in the park that I met him this morning.(强调地点状语)It was this morning that I met him in the park.(强调时间状语)【注意】①如果原句中谓语动词使用的是现在范畴的时态(一般现在时/现在进行时/现在完成/现在完成进行时/一般将来时/将来进行时/将来完成时等)用It is...that/who...。
如果原句中谓语动词为过去范畴的时态(一般过去时/过去进行时/过去完成时/过去将来时等)则用It was...that/who...。
It was Peter who / that got the first place in the final exam.It is not everyone who / that can pass the college entrance exam.②强调句型的一般疑问句只需把is / was提前，它的特殊疑问句只需在一般疑问句前加上疑问词。
如:Was it Smith who / that broke the window?Who was it that broke the window?③not...until...的强调句式当被强调的是not...until...句型时，应将not置于until之前，主句由否定句改为肯定句。
如: We didn’t recognize her until she took off her glasses.→It was not until she took off her glasses that we recognized her.（注：Not until she took off her glasses did we recognize her. 此句为否定词not位于句首，句子要用部分倒装）2.谓语动词的强调It is / was...that/who...结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，则用助动词do / does / did + 动词原形表示。