钻井工程的术语
钻井工程常用术语
钻井工程常用名词术语钻井总论钻井drilling钻井方法drilｌing method 顿钻钻井caｂｌe dr ｉlliｎｇ杆式顿钻ｒod tｏol driｌlｉnｇ绳式顿钻cabｌe ｔoｏｌdrｉlling轻便钻井ｐｏrｔabｌe driｌlinｇ直井straighｔhｏｌe 深井deep well超深井ｓｕper deｅp ｗeｌl 地热井ｇｅotherｍal well热采井thermaｌpｒoduction wｅll 工程井ｅngineeriｎg rejectiｏn wｅll工程报废井ａbandoned well 弃井abａndｏｎed wｅll钻井设计ｗeｌl desｉgn 钻井质量ｄrillｉng quaｌiｔy岩石的物理机械性质physiｃａl-mechanｉcal propｅrties ｏｆｒｏｃｋ矿物的微硬度micro-ｈａrdness of rｏok肖氏岩石硬度Shoｒｅｓhaｒｄnｅsｓ史氏岩石硬度Shi＇s ｈａｒdｎｅss矿物的弹性模量elastｉc modulus of minｅral岩石的弹性模量elａsｔic ｍｏduluｓofｒｏｃk矿物的泊松比Poissons ｒatio mｉnerａl岩石的泊松比Poissoｎs ratio roｃk矿物的切变模量shear modulｕs of miｎeｒal岩石的切变模量ｓhear modｕluｓｏf rock矿物和岩石的体积压缩模量bｕｌk compressiｂｉlitｙmineｒal anｄroｃｋ岩石的体积压缩系数coeｆfiｃｉｅnｔof bulｋcｏmprｅｓｓibilｉｔｙminｅral anｄroｃk岩石的抗拉伸强度ｔensiｌｅsｔrength of rock岩石的直接拉伸试验ｄirect tensilｅtesｔof ｒock岩石的巴西劈裂拉伸实验Ｂrazilian tｅsｔoｆroｃk·岩石的筒形抗内压胀裂试验burst teｓt ｏf holｌow cyling ｂy i ｎｔernal presｓｕｒe岩石的常规抗压缩强度comｐressiｖｅsｔrengｔh of ｒock岩石的抗剪切强度sｈeaｒstrength oｆrock岩石的抗剪切强度试验sheaｒtesｔof roｃｋ岩石的三轴强度试验tｒi-ａｘiａl ｔesｔｏf rock岩石的常规三轴试验ordiｎary trｉ－axiａl tｅｓｔoｆroｃk岩石的真三轴试验tｒｕｅｔri－axiaｌtesｔｏf rock脆性岩石brｉｔtle rock 塑性岩石pｌaｓtｉc rock岩石的假塑性破坏psｅudo－ｐlasｔicｂreakageｏf rock岩石塑性系数cｏeffiｃient of plaｓｔｉcｉty of rock岩石的脆塑性转变压力（临界压力）brｉttle pｌasｔic transｉｔiona ｌpressure of rocｋ岩石的库仑纳维尔强度准则Conｌoｍｂ－Navier stｒenｇtｈcrｉｔｅrion ｏf ｒock岩石的内磨擦角和内磨擦系数ａngle of inteｒａl frictiｏn anｄcoef ｆicieｎｔｏf iｎteral frｉｃtion ｏf rock岩石的莫尔强度准则Mohｒstｒeｎｇth cｒiｔｅｒｉｏn of rｏck 岩石的格里菲斯脆性破坏准则Ｇｒiffｉth ｃritｅriｏn of ｂritｔｌｅfailure of ｒock统计强度理论statistical ｓtｒenｇｔh theory岩石的表面破碎sｕrface fｒacture oｆrｏck岩石的疲劳破碎fatigｕｅfracture of roｃk岩石的体积破碎ｖolｕmetｒiｃfracturｅoｆrock岩石的单位体积破碎pecificｖolumｅtric fracture wｏrk of ｒoｃｋ地应力in situ streｓs岩层的水平测向应力ｈoriｚontal stress oｆｓtｒａta测向系数coeffｉcient of laｔeraｌpｒeｓｓuｒe围压coｎfininｇｐressｕre 有效应力ｅfｆeｃtｉve stｒｅｓｓ压持效应chｉpｈold ｅfｆｅct 岩石硬度减低剂rock haｒdnｅss redｕcer岩石的可钻性drill ability ｏf rock 岩石的研磨性rｏｃk ａbrasｉv ｅｎess钻具driｌling tool 钻柱ｄrill stem 复合钻柱ｃoｍbinatioｎｓｔrinｇ满眼钻柱pａckeｄｈoｌe aｓsemｂly踏式钻铤组合tapｅred dr ｉll ｃollａrｓtring钟摆钻具peｎdulum ａｓsembly 偏重钻铤ｕnbalanced dｒill cｏllar钻柱弯曲ｂｕcｋｌinｇof ｄｒill strinｇ钻具的扭转震动tｗｉsｔｉｎｇvｉbratioｎof drｉll sｔrｉｎg钻杆疲劳破坏ｆatigｕe-faiｌurｅoｆdriｌｌstring上紧矩ｍａke-ｕp ｔoｒque应力减轻槽ｓｔress-reｌieｆgroove 减震器viｂｒatｉｏn d ａmpener稳定器ｓtａｂｉｌizｅr 井眼大扩器rｅamer钻井液ｄｒilliｎg fluids水基钻井液water-bａｓe drilｌiｎg flｕids淡水钻井液ｆｒeｓh-wateｒdriｌlｉng fluｉds低固相钻井液lｏw ｓoｌｉds fluｉds低固相不分散钻井液ｌow solids ｎｏn-dispｅrsｅdｐoｌyｍeｒdrilling ｆluiｄs抑制性钻井液inhibitｉve drilliｎg flｕids盐水钻井液sａlt-watｅr ｄriｌling fluids饱和盐水钻井液satｕｒatｅdｓalt－wateｒdｒｉｌlinｇflｕidｓ钙处理钻井液calcium trｅaｔed ｄｒilling fｌｕｉds钾盐钻井液potassium ｄriｌｌing ｆluｉdｓ混油钻井液ｏil-emulsioｎｄｒilｌing fluｉds生物聚合物钻井液ｂiodｅgrａbｉlitｙdrｉlliｎg ｆlｕids油基钻井液ｏiｌbａｓｅdriｌlｉnｇfluｉds反相乳化钻井液invｅrt－emulsion driｌling ｆｌuids平衡活度钻井液baｌanｃed aｃtivｉty ｄrillinｇｆluidｓ泡沫钻井液foam ｄrilling fｌｕｉds密闭液sealｉng ｆluiｄs完井液cｏｍpletiｏn fｌuｉdｓ封隔夜paｃke ｒfluiｄｓ解卡浸泡液stuｃk ｆrｅeiｎg spotｔｉｎgｆlｕｉdｓ钻井液性能proｐeｒties of drilling fluidｓ滤失filｔratｉon ＡPI滤失量APＩfiltraｔiｏn 高温高压滤失量hｉgh tｅmpｅｒature and hiｇhｐressure filｔｒａtiｏn动滤失量dyｎamic filｔｒation 滤饼filteｒcake 含砂量ｓａｎd coｎteｎt钻井液固相含量sｏｌids content iｎdrilliｎg ｆluiｄs亚甲基兰实验methylｅnｅbｌue tesｔ石灰含量lime conｔeｎｔｅsｔiｍation钻井液的酚酞碱度Ｐｍalkalinｉty 滤液酚酞碱度Ｐt alkaｌinｉty滤液甲基橙碱度Ｍf alｋａliｎiｔy造浆率yieｌd破乳电压eｍuｌｓiｏn－breaking voｌtagｅ钻井液流变性drilｌｉng fluids ｒheｏloｇy 漏斗粘度funnel viscositｙ触变性thixotｒopｉｃbeｈａvior 静切力gel stｒｅn ｇtｈ初切力ｉnitial ｇeｌstreｎgｔｈ终切力10-minｕto ｇel strenｇtｈ剪切降粘特性sheａr-thinnｉｎg behaviｏr钻井液受污染conｔaminatｉoｎof drilling fｌuids粘土侵clay cｏntaｍiｎａtｉon 盐侵ｓalｔcontaminaｔion盐水侵salｔｗater conｔaminａtion 钙侵caｌciuｍcｏntaminatｉｏn砂侵sａnd ｃoｎtamination 水侵water cｏntａmina ｔｉon气侵ｇaｓｃｏntaｍinatｉon钻井液处理剂mud additives降失水剂ｆilｔrate ｏｒrｅｄuction agenｔs 增粘剂tｈicｋeni ｎg agｅnt膨润土增效剂agents of iｎcreasｉng bentonite降粘剂thinｎinｇaｇｅnts 加重剂weｉghtinｇagｅntｓ堵漏剂lｏｓtｃｉrcｕlaｔion ｍａteｒiaｌs 水敏性页岩ｗatｅr-ｓensitiｖe sｈalｅ膨润土的预水化pｒｅ-hｙdrated bentonｉte 固相控制ｓolid cｏntｒol钻屑ｃuttｉng 砂ｓaｎｄ泥siｌｔ胶体颗粒colｌoiｄal sｏlｉds钻进drｉlｌing钻进技术driｌｌing tｅｃhnolｏgy钻进技术参数drｉｌlｉng pａｒameteｒs 钻压wei ｇht ｏn ｂｉt悬重和钻重ｓtｒing sｕｓpenｄing ｗeｉght and drilling ｗeight转速rｐm-revｏｌutｉｏn per miｎute 排量rａtｅoｆfｌow零轴向点zero axial strｅｓs poｉｎt 中性点neutral poｉｎｔ开钻ｓpud in 完钻ｆinｉｓhinｇdrillinｇ送钻bit feｅd 方余和方入kｅllｙ-uｐanｄkelly-in 进尺ｆoｏtage 机械钻速peneｔration raｔe 鳖钻ｂiｔbouｎcｉnｇ跳钻bit jumpｉng干钻drilliｎg at cirｃulatｉｏｎbreak 打倒车revｅrse ｒotatioｎｔable钻头泥包biｔballing 划眼redreｓsing 扩眼reamin1放空drｉlling breａk吊打eａsiｎg the bit ｉｎ纠斜hole ｓtｒａiｇｈtening侧钻ｓidｅtｒaｃking单根ｓingle双根dｏuble 立根sｔand接单根king ａcoｎｎectioｎ起下钻tr ｉps知起下钻shoｒt tripping 活动钻具move the drillｓtri ｎｇ上卸扣make up and brｅak oｕt 换钻头changｅbit鼠洞rat holｅ小鼠洞ｍｏusｅholｅ喷射钻井jet-ｂit ｄrｉlling射流jet fｌoｗ冲击射流iｍｐａｃt jet fｌow汽蚀射流·caviｔaｔiｏｎjeｔ射流扩散角和扩散系数spread aｎgle ａnd ｓpread ｃoefｆicieｎt of jet射流等速·ｐateｎtial ｃoｒe of jet 漫流cross flow 射流喷速j ｅt veｌocｉty射流速度降低系数dｅｃreasing cｏｅｆfｉcienｔoｆｊｅt velocity 射流动压力dynamic ｐrｅｓｓｕｒe of jeｔfloｗ射流压力降低系数coｅfficient of jet-ｆlow ｐｒｅｓsｕrｅdroｐ射流冲击力jet impａct forｃe 射流水功率jet hydrａulic-power喷射距离jetｌengｔh 清洗井底botｔom-hｏlｅclea ｎing钻头压降bｉt preｓsure-drｏｐ钻头水功率ｂｉt hydraulic ｈorse-poweｒ喷嘴nozzle 等变速喷嘴nozzle withｉso－vａriabl ｅｖelｏcitｙ流线形喷嘴sｔreａmｌine noｚzle 喷嘴流量系数nozzle oriｆicｏｃoefｆｉcieｎt钻井液循环系统drilling fluiｄs cirｃｕｌatiｎgｓｙsｔem钻井液流态flｏwｐａｔteｒn 平板层流ｆlａt pｌａtｅlamｉnａrｆｌoｗZ值Z-value 喷射钻井的工作方式The worｋｉng rｅｇiｍｅoｆｊet drilliｎg最大钻头水功率工作方式Ｔｈe regime of tｈe maxｉmｕm bｉt hｙdra-uｌic horｓｅ－powｅr最大射流冲击力方式tｈe regｉｍｅｏf tｈe maximｕm ｊet-impac ｔforce最大射流喷速工作方式Tｈe regime ｏf the ｍaximumｊｅt vｅlocity经济水功率工作方式ｔｈｅreｇimｅｏf the ecｏnomiｃhydraulic ｈorｓe-powerjet bｉt 喷射式钻头optiｍum raｔｅｏf mｕｄflow最优喷嘴直径ｏptimum noｚzlo ｄiamｅｔer临界井深和极限井深critical welｌｄepｔh ａnd lｉmited ｗｅlｌdepth钻井泵的工作状态ｔｈe worｋing ｒegiｍe of dｒilliｎｇｐump 钻井泵的最大排工作状态（额定工作功率工作状态）the mａｘimum flow rate rｅgｉmeｏfｔhe drilｌｉng pump(the rateｄｐoweｒregimｅof the driｌlinｇpｕmp）钻井泵的调节排量工作状态（允许压力工作状态）theｒeｇulated ｆlow ｒatｅｒeｇime of tｈe driｌlｉnｇpump(ｔｈe raｔｅｄpoｗｅr ｒｅgiｍｅoｆthe dｒiｌlｉng puｍｐ）携带岩屑cuttiｎg carrｙing 岩屑运移比cutｔｉng ｔrａｎsport ｒａtiｏ环空岩屑浓度solid ｃoncenｔrａtiｏn in aｎnular ｓpace钻井泵效率rate oｆｕtilized power of the drilling pump钻井泵水功济利用率ratｅof ｕtilｉzｅd hyｄraulｉc power of tｈe dｒiｌlinｇpump优化钻井技术optimｕm drillｉｎg technｏlogｙ控制井contrｏl weｌl钻井可控参数ｃｏntroｌlable dｒiｌlｉnｇｖａrｉaｂlｅｓ钻井不可控参数non controlｌａble drｉｌlinｇｖariables钻井目标函数(钻井泛函）objｅctive functiｏn ｏｆdriｌliｎg proｃedurｅ钻进过程的数学模型ｍatｈｅｍａｔicaｌmodel for drillinｇｐrｏｃｅdｕｒe钻速方程equaｔｉon ｆor drilｌinｇrａtｅ二元钻速方程driｌｌing rate eqｕaｔiｏn in twoｖariａblｅs 多元钻速方程muｌti-varｉａｂle drillinｇratｅeｑｕaｔｉoｎ最大允许钻压maximuｍａllowａｂle weｉｇht oｎｂiｔ最优钻压ｏptｉmum weight on bit 钻速系数factoｒoｆpｅｎｅtratioｎｒate地层研磨性系数factoｒof fｏrmaｔｉｏn abrasｉｖeｎｅsｓ牙齿磨损系数tooｔh wｅaｒcoeｆficｉenｔ轴承工作系数ｗｏrking cｏｅfｆiciｅnt of beａrinｇ五点法钻速试验“fｉveｓpot”ｄrill-oｆｆｔesｔ井下动力钻井hoｌe bottom poweｒdrillｉng涡轮钻井turbｏ－drｉlling 涡轮钻具ｔurbo-ｄｒill 电动钻具electrｉc dｒｉll螺杆钻具ｐｏsｉtive dｉｓpｌａcemenｔmｏtｏr涡轮工作特性characterｉstｉcs oｆtｕrbine涡轮的水力载荷hydraulic ｌoａｄon tｕrbo－drilｌ涡轮钻具井底工作特性ｈｏｌe-bottom wｏrkingｃharaｃtｅristic ｓof turbｏ-ｄｒｉlｌ涡轮钻具最优工作区optｉmｉｚｅd worｋｉng ｚｏne ｏf ｔurbo －drilｌ涡轮钻具合理转速ｏｐtiｍumｒeｖolｕtｉon oｆｔurbo-ｄrill涡轮钻具最优排量opｔｉｍum ｃaｐａｃityｏfｔurbｏ-ｄrill 涡轮不稳定工作区uｎｓtable wｏrｋiｎｇranｇe ｔurｂo-drill有效钻压efｆｅctiｖｅbiｔ-wｅｉｇht涡轮钻具井底功率传递系数trａnsferｃoeｆfｉcｉｅnｔof botｔｏｍhole power ｏｆｔｕｒbo－driｌl涡轮钻具特性系数charaｃterｉｓtic cｏeffiｃｉent ｏｆtuｒｂｏ-d ｒｉlｌ涡轮的水力效率hｙｄrauliｃeffｉciency of ｔurbo-driｌl涡轮钻具合理钻进深度ｏpｔimum drｉll deptｈof turｂｏ－driｌl 涡轮－泵组联合特性cｏmbinｅｄcharａctｅrｉstiｃs ｏf turbo-d ｒill－pump涡轮钻具轴向间隙的调节axｉaｌｃlｅaraｎcｅｒeｇｕlatioｎo ｆturbo－ｄｒill钻具滤清器driｌｌpipｅｆｉltｅr启动阀stａｒｔer gate vａｌvｅ低速大扭矩涡轮钻具love-sｐｅed hiｇh-ｔorｑue tｕrbｏ-drilｌ复式涡轮钻具coｍｐｏunｄtｕrｂo－drｉll定向井directional well 定向要素direｃtionaｌelements井斜角incl ｉｎａｔion方位角aziｍutｈ井斜变化率rate of inｃlｉnａtion chａnge方位变化率rａtｅofａzimuｔh cｈaｎｇｅ井眼曲率ｈole curvａtｕrｅ垂深和测深ｖeｒtiｃal ｄepｔｈand meaｓｕrｅd 水平投影长度ｈole deviaｔion水平位移diｓｐｌaceｍenｔor ｃｌosｕrｅdistance多底井multi－bore ｗelｌ水平井ｈoriｚｏntａｌwell 丛式井clusｔer we ｌl or multｉple wells救除井relief ｗell 双筒井ｄual welｌs套管开窗starting window oｎcaｓing 造斜deflectinｇor ｂu ｉldinｇａngle增斜inｃｒｅasｉnｇhole angｌe or ｂuild-ｕp hｏle anｇle降斜deｃreasiｎｇholｅangle or build－off ｈolｅanglｅ稳斜ｍaintain angle井身垂直投影图vertical ｐrojection ｏｆbｏrehoｌe井身水平投影图horizontal pｒojｅctｉoｎof ｂoｒehｏle正切法tangeｎｔｉaｌmｅthｏd 平衡正切法balａnceｄtａｎｇｅntｉａｌmetｈod平均角法averaｇe anｇｌe method曲率半径法radｉｕｓｏｆcｕrvａture methｏd圆弧法arc mｅtｈod 最小曲率法miｎimum curvatｕre ｍeｔhod圆柱螺线法cｙｌｉｎdｅr hｅliｘmethod 悬链线轨迹·catenary ｓｈapｅprofile 控制圆柱cｏｎｔrｏl cyｌindｅr造斜工具deｆｌeｃtｉng tool槽式变向器whip-stock 短涡轮ｓhort tuｒbo－dｒilｌ钻铤造斜短节short benｔcollaｒ涡轮偏心短节tｕｒbｏ-eccentｒic sｕb复式弯涡轮ｂｅｎｔmulti-turbｏ-drilｌ水力斜接头hydrａulic bent sub Dynａ-fｌex 瓦片变向器rｅbel toｏl造斜工具面ｔoｏｌfaｃe造斜率ｒate ｏf over-all angle cｈａnge井眼方位漂移wａlk ｏf hｏle装置角ｔool of roｔaｔioｎ工具面角tool fａｃeａziｍｕth 动力钻具反扭角rｅacｔｉve torqｕe定向方位角tｏol faｃe beaｒｉnｇor toｏl face setｔing磁偏角maｇnetｉc declｉnatｉoｎ随钻测量measurｅmeｎt wｈile drｉｌl（MWD)单点测斜仪ｓｉngle shot inｓtｒumｅnｔ多点测斜仪mｕltｉ-shoｔinstｒｕment 陀螺测斜仪gyｒoscopｉc instruｍent 定向orientatiｏn定向下钻orientatｉoｎｗhiｌeｇoｉng in hole磁力定向法magnetiｃoｒiｅｎtａtion methｏd斜口管鞋定向法muｌe-sｈoe orientaｔｉon mｅthｏd取心coｒｉnｇ岩心core岩心收获率recｏveｒy ｏｆcｏre 取心方法corｉng method局部反循环取心coring with lｏcaｌiｎversｅcirculation长筒取心coｒe drｉｌling wiｔｈｌoｎg cｏre barｒel密闭取心seaｌinｇｃore drillｉng保压取心cｏrｅdｒｉｌｌｉng witｈkｅeping ｆormａtiｏｎｐｒessｕre定向取心oriｅntatｉoｎｃoriｎｇ绳索取心wire ｌｉnｅcorinｇ取心工具cｏｒiｎg toｏls 岩心筒corｅbaｒrel 单筒式岩心筒ｓiｎglｅtype core baｒreｌ双筒式岩心筒cｏrｅbarreｌｏｆdouｂle ｔube swivel type内岩心筒iｎｓｉde core barreｌ外岩心筒ouｔｓｉdｅcore barreｌ喷射式岩心筒cｏreｂaｒrｅl of jeｔtype 取心钻头cｏrin ｇbit牙轮取心钻头ｃorｉng conｅbit 金钢石取心钻头ｄiａmonｄcoｒing bit硬质合金取心钻头hard meｔalｃoｒing biｔ涡轮取心钻头tｕｒbｏ-coｒe bｉt涡轮取心钻具tｕrbo-cｏre drｉll 岩心爪coｒe ｇripper卡瓦式岩心爪cｏｒｅgrｉpｐｅr wiｔh sｌiｐ卡簧式岩心爪ｃorｅgriｐｐeｒｗith slｉｐ－spｒｉｎg板簧式岩心爪卡core gripper with sｌｉp-spideｒ箍式岩心爪cｏre ｇｒipper wｉtｈslip-collar割取岩心ｃorｅbrｅakinｇ机械加压割心法corｅｂrｅakｉng by mechaｎicａl lｏａｄinｇ投球割心core breaking by hyｄraulic prｅssure投砂割心coｒe bｒeaｋｉnｇby pumｐing dｏwn顶岩心core extracting各种压力概念conｃｅpt oｆpressure 静液压力hyｄrostatiｃpｒｅｓｓure钻井液压力dｒｉlｌing fｌuid cｏluｍｎpressuｒe孔隙压力ｐorｅpresｓure （fｏrmatioｎpreｓsuｒe)上覆岩层压力ｏverburden prｅsｓurｅ颗粒压力grａiｎｔo g ｒain prｅsｓure压力梯度pressure ｇｒadieｎｔ压力监控preｓs ｕre deｔectiｏｎａnd control异常压力及其形成abnormａｌprｅssure and it’s forｍａtion压力异常abnormaｌｐrｅsｓｕre 压实作用ｃｏmpacｔion 欠压实iｍcompaｃtiｏn 不渗透围栅·permｅabiｌlｉty baｒrier 快速沉积ｒapid dｅposｉｔion构造型异常高压ｓｔructuraｌａbｎormａl ｐrｅsｓurｅ地层压力检测方法methｏd ｏf foｒmatiｏn pｒessｕrｅdetection地震资料法sｅisｍiｃｄata mｅthod机械钻速法ｐｅnetｒatiｏn ｒatｅｍｅtｈｏdd指数法d-expoｎｅｎｔmethｏd dｃ指数法dｃ-ｅｘponent methｏd标准化钻速法ｎormａlｉzeｄｐeｎetraｔion raｔe页岩密度法shale dｅnsity溢流观测法tａｋｅ a kick 天然气录井检测法gas logging氯化物检测法chloridｅloｇ钻井液录井法drｉlling fluｉｄlog返出钻井液温度检测法ｆｌｏw－linｅtemｐeｒature化石资料法paｌｅo－informaｔｉon地球物理检测法ｗｉｒｅ-lin ｅｌogｓ中途测试ｄrｉlｌ－ｓteｍteｓtiｎｇ完井测试weｌl ｃomｐlet ｉnｇｔest综合录井仪ｃomｐuｔerlｉｚeｄａppｌy drillｉｎg teｃｈnｏｌog ｙ地层破裂压力fｏrｍatｉon fｒactｕｒｅprｅｓｓｕrｅ地层破裂压力预报方法ｆｏrmation fractuｒe prｅssｕrｅpｒedictio ｎ漏失试验法leak－ofｆtesｔ胡伯特-威利斯法Hｕｂbｅｒt anｄＷillis ａｐprｏacｈ马修斯-凯利法ｍeｔｈｏd ｏf Mａｔthews aｎd Kelｌy伊顿法ｍｅthod of Eaton安德森法Andｅｒsoｎ’s ｍethｏd 艾克斯劳格法Eｘｌoｇmethoｄ黄荣樽法Ｈｕanｇ’sｍet ｈｏd地层井眼系统的压力平衡ｂalance ｏf forｍａtioｎ-boreｈole systeｍ地层压力当量钻井液密度ｅqｕiｖalｅｎt driｌliｎg fｌuiｄdensity 钻井液当量循环密度eｑuivaｌeｎｔcirｃulating ｄenｓity附加压力当量钻井液密度adｄiｔionaｌpressure eｑuivalｅnt ｄｅnsiｔｙ当量深度eqｕｉｖalenｔdeｐtｈ钻柱排代量dｒｉlling flｕｉd ｄｉsplaｃｅmeｎt波动压力（激动压力)surgｅpｒｅｓsurｅ抽汲压力swaｂbｉng pressuｒe气体上窜ｇas cｈannelinｇ天然气偏差因子the coefficiｅnt oｆgａs comｐressibility溢流overfloｗ井涌ｋicｋ井喷wｅｌl ｂlowouｔ地下井喷underｇrｏuｎd bloｗoｕｔ井喷失控out ｏf ｃonｔrol for blｏｗｏut循环池液体增量ｐｉt gａｉn 压力过渡带pr ｅssurｅtraｎsｉtioｎzｏne压井kiｌling weｌｌ关井closing ｗｅll 硬关井hard cｌｏsing软关井soft closing 压井方法kiｌlｉngｗell ｍｅｔhｏd工程师法(等待加重量法)ｅngineer’s meｔｈoｄ司钻法（二次循环法）ｄriｌler’s mｅｔhod边加重边循环法cｏnｃurrent ｍｅtｈod 空井压井emｐtｙw ｅllｃontrol置换式压井法（顶部压井法）disｐlacemｅｎt mｅｔｈod反循环inverse circulatｉｎｇ循环周circulａting cｉｒcle 节流循环ｃircuｌａting witｈchｏke防喷设备和工具ｂlowoｕt ｐrｅvention tooｌs and eqｕiｐmｅnｔs 防溢管·bｅllnipｐlｅ钻井液流量计dｒilｌｉｎg fｌuｉd flowi ｎg indicatｏr泵冲数计pｕmｐ-strｏkｅcｏunter钻井液液面指示器ｐit-volｕme inｄicator真空除气器·vａcum dｅgasseｒ硫化氢监测仪H2s dｅtecto ｒ井控模拟装置wｅll coｎｔrol sｉmuｌatｏｒ井喷失控的处理weｌl ｂlowout ｃｏntroｌ抢装井口inｓtａllingｗellhｅad扣装法抢装井口buｃｋlｉnｇ-up-installing wellh ｅad翻转法抢装井口tｕrninｇ-up-instaｌlｉng wｅｌlｈｅａd整体吊装法抢装井口ｗhoｌe ｈａngiｎg mｅthod fｏr instａlｌｉng wｅllhead带帽子压井法·ｈａttiｎg kill weｌlｍethod下封隔器压井kｉｌliｎｇwｅｌlｗｉｔhｐacker methoｄ换井口套管ｃasiｎg replaｃiｎg 灭火eｘtｉngｕｉｓhing喷射水流灭火法ｊeｔfiｒｅeｘtinguishing meｔhod爆炸灭火法expｌoｓion metｈod灭火剂ｅxtｉnguisher固井wｅll ceｍｅntｉng 套管程序caｓiｎg program 导管coｎｄuctor表层套管surfａceｃasｉｎg 技术套管iｎterｍe ｄiate casingｓtrｉｎgｓ生产套管produｃtionｃaｓiｎg 套管柱casiｎｇstring套管柱下部结构casingａccｅssoｒｉes 引鞋guiding sｈoｅ套管鞋ｃａsinｇsｈoｅ套管扶正器·cenｔralizer泥饼刷·ｗalｌscratcher浮籀ｆloat collaｒ套管承托环ｃｅｍeｎt ｂaffle collaｒ旋流短节vortexｓub浮鞋cemeｎｔing flｏaｔcoｌlar水泥伞ｃementiｎg bａskｅt注水泥胶塞cemｅｎｔing plugs 通径规ｄriｆt ｄiameｔer gaｕge 套管的外载荷ｏｕtside casinｇlｏaｄ套管内压力burst套管外挤压力coｌｌapse pressure 套管轴向力ａxiaｌloａd套管强度cａsing strengtｈ套管抗挤强度collａｐse ｒesｉst ａｎce套管抗拉强度tensile resistａncｅ套管抗内压强度ｂuｒsｔrｅsis ｔanｃe下套管rｕｎninｇcasiｎg 活动套管ｍoving ｃａsiｎg预应力preｃｅdiｎg stresｓ人工井底artｉficｉal ｂoｔtom of ａweｌｌ磁性定位短节magneｔｉｃlｏcatｏｒsub固井工具与设备ｔｏolｓand ｅquｉpｍents fｏrｒunｎiｎｇca ｓiｎｇaｎd ceｍenting套管吊钳caｓing tong 套管吊卡ca ｓinｇｅlevator卡盘ｃasiｎg spider 联顶节ｔoｐｃoｎｎecｔing cｏlｌar水泥头conneｃt heaｄ水泥车ｃｏnnecting trucｋ井口装置wellhead equipment注水泥?coｎｎｅｃt油井水泥ｏiｌwｅlｌconnectｉｎg低密度水泥lｉgｈtwｅight connect膨润土水泥·bｅntonｉte coｎnｅct 速凝水泥acceleｒated cemenｔ膨胀水泥expａnsion ceｍent 纤维质水泥fibｅr cｅmｅｎｔ树脂水泥(浆）resin ｃemｅnt油基水泥(浆)dｉｅsel-oｉl cem ｅnt橡胶水泥(浆）ｌaｔeｘcｅment 酸溶性水泥acid ｄissolｕble ceｍent石膏水泥混合物·ｇypsam ｃement火山灰水泥·pozzolaｎcemeｎt抗盐水泥ｓalt-resｉstiｎｇceｍent双凝水泥浆sｅpａrａble settｉng cement slurry冷井水泥和热井水泥orｄｉnary ａnd hｏt cemenｔAPI水泥分级API ceｍｅnt cｌassｉfiｃatiｏn水泥浆性能及其调节cｅmeｎt pｒopertieｓaｎd adｊusｔｍｅｎts ofｔｈeｍ稠度仪ｃoｎｓist-metｅｒ水泥浆流动性mｏbｉliｔy ｏｆslurry水泥浆密度ｓlｕｒry ｄensｉtｙ水泥浆滤失量slｕrry filｔration 出口温度井底温度和循环温度floｗ-lineｔeｍｐerature ｂｏttom temｐｅraｔure anｄcｉｒcｕlａｔioｎtｅmpeｒaｔure水泥浆失重loｓing weight ｓlurｒｙ水泥石强度cemeｎt st ｒenｇtｈ水泥石渗透性ｐermeabｉｌity oｆsｅtｃeｍent水泥石的射孔性perfｏratinｇqualitｙ水泥浆外加剂cemｅｎtａdｄｉtiｖｅ速凝剂accｅlerator缓凝剂retaｒdａnt 减阻剂frictioｎrｅducｅr降密度剂light wｅighｔadｄｉtive 降失水量fｉltrate reduceｒ水泥浆加重剂heavｙｗeｉght addｉtive 隔离液spacer fluid前置液aheaｄfluid尾随液tail fluid 注水泥方法cemeｎting m ｅthods常规注水泥法ｔypical prｉmary cemｅnｔiｎｇ双级注水泥法ｔwｏstagｅcemｅnting插入注水泥法ｉnner ｐipe cemeｎｔｉｎg多管注水泥法·mulｔｉ-ｐｌezonｅcoｍｐleｔion cementｉng打水泥塞ｃemeｎting plug平衡法打水泥塞baｌaｎｃe methoｄfoｒｃemenｔing pluｇ倾筒法打水泥塞dump baiｌｅｒmetｈod 挤水泥sqｕeeze ｍethod井口挤水泥法·bradeｎheaｄsqueｅzｅｍetｈod封隔器挤水泥法squeｅｚe packｅrｍethoｄ高压挤水泥法hiｇh-preｓsure ｓquｅeｚｅmｅtｈoｄ低压挤水泥法lｏw－pｒesｓｕｒe ｓｑueeｚe mｅｔhoｄ尾管固井drillｉｎg lｉner ｃeｍentiｎg尾管悬挂器ｄrilliｎｇliｎeｒｈaｎgｅr窜槽ceｍeｎｔｃhanneliｎg完井方法complｅtion ｍｅｔhods裸眼完井法open hｏle ｃoｍpletｉｏn先期裸眼完井法initｉal open holｅｃoｍｐleｔｉｏｎ后期裸眼完井法finaｌopｅn holｅcｏmpletioｎ射孔完井法pｅrfoｒation completiｏn单管射孔完井法singlｅpｉpe perfｏｒａtioｎcoｍpletiｏn多管射孔完井法multiｐle ｐiｐe peｒｆorａｔion cｏmplｅｔion 无油管完井法·tubinglessｃｏｍpｌetiｏn永久完井法perｍaｎeｎt comｐｌeｔiｏn无封隔器单层永久完井法ｓｉnglｅpipe peｒmanｅntｃｏｍplet ｉon wiｔhｏut paｃkｅr单封隔器永久完井法pｅrmanｅｎt ｃoｍpｌetion wiｔh sｉnglｅpa ｃker封隔器射孔完井法perｍanent completion wｉｔｈｐａckｅr负压射孔ｐerforatｉnｇwiｔh negatiｖe pｒeｓsurｅ过油管射孔ｐｅｒｆｏrating ｔhroｕgh tｕｂing贯眼完成法ｐerforatedｐｉpｅcoｍpletｉon衬管完井法liner ｐerforatiｏn compleｔioｎ砾石充填完井法grａvｅｌpacker ｃomplｅtion深井完井法dｅep hｏlｅcｏｍpｌeｔion高含硫气井完井法high Ｈ2s gas well ｃoｍpｌetion地层损害程度ｆormaｔion damａgｅdegree地层损害带fｏrｍａtiｏn damａｇe zone水动力学程度不完善井hyｄｒoｄyｎamiｃｄeｇrｅe incompｌeteneｓs weｌｌ水动力学性质不完善井油井hydｒodynａmic propertｙiｎcomｐlet ｉon wｅll完善系数well compｌｅtｅnesｓｆacｔoｒ损害比dａmａｇe raｔiｏ趋肤效应sｈｉnｅffｅcｔ开采比pｒｏｄuction raｔio损害系数damage faｃｔor 完井系数completion factｏr钻井设备drillｉng equipmenｔ设备安装ｒiｇup钻前工作pｒelimiｎａrｙwoｒｋfｏr sｐudding 井场布置lａｙoｕt平井场ｌevｅllinｇ圆井ｃｅｌｌar 基础gｒounｄｆoundat ｉon basｅ活动基墩rｅmovaｂｌe ｆｏｕndatiｏn 井架安装derriｃk instａllａｔion扒杆gin pｏle 井架安装绞车wｉnch 穿钢丝绳sｔring up死绳固定器ｄeaｄlｉnｅaｎｃhoｒ设备校正alignmenｔ井口找中center fｏr weｌｌ整体搬迁skiｄdinｇｔhe riｇ成组安装package installaｔion泥浆管汇muｄpiｐeliｎe猫头绳cat－linｅ高悬猫头绳drｉll rope大钳尾绳safｅty ｌine 大门绷绳fｒｏｎt ｇuy(lines)井架绷绳dｅrｒicｋguy 接链器chaｉn ｓpaｎner钻井数据系统drilling datａsyｓｔem钻井数据采集装置driｌlｉｎｇdａta ａｃquiｓｉtｉｏn钻井数据实时处理装置drｉlling dａta procesｓing钻井数据库drilｌｉnｇdａta basｅ钻井信息ｄrilliｎg infoｒm ａｔiｏｎ钻井参数传感装置ｄriｌｌｉng parａｍetｅr sｅnsing ｕniｔ指重表传感器weight ｓensor 进尺传感器drilｌinｇｆoｏtage sensｏr转盘扭矩传感器roｔary ｔable torque sensor转盘转速传感器R.P.M ｓeｎｓoｒfor rotary table大钳扭矩传感器torｑue senｓoｒfｏr ｔonｇ泵速传感器puｍp rate senｓor钻井液密度传感器ｄrilling fluid ｗeight senｓor钻井液液面传感器mud pｉｔｌｅvel sensor钻井液流动传感器ｄrilliｎg fｌｕid flowｓensoｒ钻井液温度传感器drilling ｆｌuid tｅmperatuｒe seｎｓｏr钻井液电导传感器ｄrillinｇfｌuid coｎduｃtivity sensｏr 录井ｌogging钻井液录井drilｌｉnｇｆlｕid ｌoggｉng岩样录井·lｉtｈologiｃlogging 气测录井gas-lｏgging钻速录井peｎｅtration ratａlogginｇ综合录井compound logging巡回检测cyclｉcｄeｔection泵压表prｅssuｒｅgage钻具事故dｒilling pipeａnd ｔooｌｓaccideｎt 顿钻ｄrilｌst ｒｉｎg free fall溜钻dｒiｌl string not weｌl bｒaked断钻具drｉlling ｐiｐe breakｉｎg落鱼ｆｉsh 落物junks 打捞作业fｉshing 打捞筒ｏｖｅrshoｔ打捞杯fiｓhｉｎｇcuｐ反循环打捞篮juｎk baｓkｅｔwｉth reveｒse circulａtiｏn壁钩walｌhooｋ铅印模leaｄｓtamp一把抓catchａｌl铣鞋mill shoe钻杆外割刀ｅxteｒｎaｌcuｔteｒ活动肘节ｋｎuckｌe倒扣捞矛left haｎｄfｉsｈinｇｓpｅar 弯钻杆bｅｎd dｒill piｐe尖钻头tip bit 卡钻dｒill pipe sｔicking 砂桥卡钻ｓａnd ｂrｉdｇing键槽卡钻ｋｅy seatiｎg压差卡钻diｆferentｉaｌstｉcking 地层膨胀卡钻ｆｏｒmaｔion swelliｎg ｓticking地层坍塌卡钻formａtｉon cｏｌlapse ｓtｉcking钻头泥包卡钻balling－uｐsｔiｃking卡点sticｋiｎg point解卡工具ｒｅleasｉng tｏoｌｓ震击器bｕmｐer下击器bｕmｐer jar上击器top jar 地面下击器surfacｅｂumperｊaｒ千斤顶ｊack爆炸松扣ｂrｅaｋ－ｏutiｎg pack of ｄyｎａmite测卡仪stickｉｎｇ-pｏｉnt-iｎstrumenｔ解卡方法relｅａsing methoｄ震击解卡法reｌｅａsing sｔucｋtampｉng油浴解卡法releａsing stucｋby pｕmp oiｌｉｎｔo ｔhe ａnｎuls 酸浴解卡法relｅａｓｉnｇstuck by aciｄding割铣解卡法rｅｌeａｓing stuｃk by cuｔtinｇ套铣解卡法millｉnｇaｎdｂreａkout爆炸解卡法ｅxplosion rｅleasing metｈod 跳槽·netｃhｊuｍping粘扣ｔhrｅａd gluｉｎg 滑扣ｔｈreaｄslipｐｉng脱扣thre ａd ofｆ错扣ｔｈrｅaｄａlternating对扣make-uｐ造扣tｈreaｄma ｋｉng顶天车ｃｒashiｎg inｔo thｅcｒｏｗn 磨蚀钻井abrasｉve cuｔting driｌl弹丸钻井bｕlleｔ－shot ｄｒill 电火花钻井ｅlectric spark dｒill 超声波钻井supersonic wａｖe drｉｌｌ火焰钻井flａme-jｅｔdrｉｌｌ电加热钻井eleｃtｒic hｅａtｉng ｄrilｌ原子能钻井atomic eｎergｙｄrill电弧钻井eｌeｃtｒiｃarｃdrilｌ等离子钻井pｌasｍa jet drｉlｌ电子束钻井electrｏn-ｂeam drｉlｌ激光钻井ｌａsｅr dｒｉll化学腐蚀钻井cｈeｍical erｏsｉon ｄｒill钻井技术经济指标tech-ecoｎoｍic inｄｉcａtion of dｒilｌiｎｇ开钻井口数ｓｐｕｄding wｅll numbｅr 完钻井口数drilled well ｎuｍbeｒ完成井口数ｃoｍplｅtｅd well ｎｕmber钻井进尺ｄriｌliｎｇfootaｇｅ取心进尺coriｎｇfooｔage井身质量合格率wｅll borｅqｕalｉty qｕａlｉｆｉeｄrａtｉo油层固井合格率oｉl reserｖoir wｅｌｌｑualitｙｑuaｌifｉed raｔio钻井工程报废ｄｒilｌｉng eｎgineｅrｉng abandonment报废井段ａbaｎdoned range报废进尺abａｎdoｎｅd fｏotage钻机利用率ratｅｒig utilｉｚａtｉon钻机台月rigs per unitｙmontｈ建井周期台月conｓtｒuctioｎcycｌe ｐｅr ｕnｉｔｙmonth纯钻井时间reciｐｒocａtｉｎg ｔｉme钻机月速度moｎｔhlｙdrｉlling raｔe周期钻速ｐeｒiｏdｉc drilling rate纯钻速ｒａte oｆpenetration行程钻速driｌlｉng rate oｆ a ｔriｐ建井周期constｒｕctｉon cyｃle完成井平均建井周期aｖeｒａge ｃonｓtrｕction ofｃompleted ｗeｌｌ完成井平均井深avｅragｅwell dｅpth of completed wｅｌl完成井平均进尺ａverａgｅbiｔｄrillｉng foｏtagｅof ｃomple ｔeｄwelｌ钻井时效分析driｌling prescriptｉoｎanａlysiｓ进尺工作时间foｏtage workingｔime固井工作时间cemenｔｉnｇwoｒkiｎg tｉme辅助工作时间sｅrvice woｒｋiｎg tｉｍe事故损失时间aｃｃiｄeｎｔlosing ｔime修理时间rｅpａiring ｔｉme组织停工损失时间mａｎａｇｅｍeｎtｄowｎtime loｓs处理复杂情况时间problｅｍｈａndlｉng time生产时间率production ｐer cent age纯钻进时间率reciｐrocating ｔimｅratio每钻机台月耗柴油量dieｓel ｃonsumptｉon per rig－monｔh每钻机台月耗机油量oil cｏnsｕmｐｔioｎpｅr ｒig-month钻井工程成本cosｔof ｄriｌlｉｎg engineeｒing石油工程作业英语Tｈｅｓｅarｅvａｒioｕs ｐａrameｔeｒｓｄisｐlａyed iｎthe comｐreheｎsive mｕdlogging unit(CMＬU).这是综合录井仪显示的各种参数Howｍany paｒameｔｅｒs can be dispｌayer ｉn the CMLＵ？综合录井仪能显示多少参数?Tｈese ａｒe the parameｔｅrs ｐriｎｔed ｉn reａl tiｍｅbyｐrinｔer.这是打印机实时打印的参数Are ｔhe ｐarameters pｒiｎｔeｄｉｎreａl tｉme?参数是实时打印的吗?Mａny ｐarａmeters iｎdrilliｎg ｅｎgineerｉng aｒｅmonitoｒe ｄby coｍpｒehｅnsive mｕｄｌｏｇｇiｎｇｕｎit.钻井工程的很多种参数由综合录井仪监控ＳtａrｔCＭLU，ｐlease!开始启动录井仪吧Some latｅst teｃhnoｌogieｓhａve bｅeｎapplied in thｉs compr ｅhｅnsive mud logging unit.这台录井仪使用了最先进的技术Tｈe toｔal hｙｄrｏcaｒboｎ,especiａｌｌｙthe coｍponents C1～C5can be anaｌｙzed bｙｔhe chromａtograph in ｔheCMLU.综合录井仪色谱能够分析全烃,组分C1~C5Ａｒe the toｔal hｙdｒoｃarbon and iｔs cｏmｐonents aｎalyze ｄｂy chroｍatｏgrａph?全烃和组分是由色谱仪分析的吗?ＣO２H2 caｎbe analyzｅd by non-ｈｙdｒocarbon detectｏｒ. 非烃检测仪能够分析CＯ2和H2There aｒe somｅtroubleｓin tｈe sensor.传感器有故障了Watｅr shouｌd bｅfiｌled inｔｈe hｙdrogｅn geｎerａｔｏr ｏｎtime.氢气发生器按时加水Ｐlｅaｓｅrepｌace a new one if thｅsｅnsor ｃan ｎot bi repaired．如果无法修就换上一个新的传感器The old sensｏrｉｓnoｔrｅｌiable, please rｅplacｅa new ｏｎe.旧的不可靠,换个新的吧Ｔｈe values ｏf ｔoｔａl gas ａｎd the compｏneｎｔs ａrｅnot higｈ．现在全烃和组分值都不高The totaｌhydｒocaｒbon anｄits cｏmpｏnents are incｒeasing.全烃和组分值正在上升Hｏｗabout thｅｅtｏtaｌhydroｃarbonａｎｄits componeｎｔs？Ｍay Ｉhave onｅcｏpｙof yｏur rｅcｏrd?全烃和组分值怎样?给我一份记录This ｉｓnot aｎabnormａl ofｇaｓlｏgginｇdｉsplａy.这不是气测显示异常You should paｙcｌose attenｔiｏn to ｔhｅgad ｓhｏwｉnｇ. 密切注意气测显示This peａｋｉｓｃａuseｄby connection ｇas.这是一个单根峰Ｔhis peａk is caｕsｅd by swabbing．这个峰值是由抽吸造成的Wｅａrｅtestinｇｔhe trｉp gas.现在正在测后效Plｅaｓｅreｃｏrｄｔｈe time wｈen tｒip ｇas oｃcurs．请记录后效出现时间Pleaｓｅｃalculaｔeｔhｅheight and speeｄof ｔhe triｐgａs rｉsing．请计算后效上窜高度和上窜速度Tesｔｔｈｅtrip gａsａfter ｔwo cycleｓofｃiｒculatioｎｗitｈａtｒｉｐto boｔtom.下钻到底循环两周测后效Iｓit cirｃulatiｏｎnow?正在循环泥浆吗?Plｅasｅｃｉrcuｌａte ｆｏｒtｗo ｃｙclｅs.请循环两周Ｔhis is an ｉｎteｒval ｗith ａn abｎormaｌshoｗing.这是个异常显示段5bｏttｌeｓoｆthe ｍｕd samｐlｅｓhｏuld bｅtａken. 泥浆采样必须取五瓶Plｅase puｔtｈｅlabeｌoｎｔｈe sampｌｅbotｔlｅ.在样品瓶上贴上标签Thｉs isｔhｅdeｓigｎreｑｕｉremenｔ.这是设计书要求的Canｙou ｓhow ｍe tｈｅｄesigｎ?你能给我看一下设计书吗？The ｔｅchnicｉaｎkｅeps the ｄesign．设计书在技术员那里。
钻井工程的180个术语
钻井工程的一些术语1、井：以勘探开发石油和天然气为目的的，在地层中钻出的具有一定深度的圆柱形孔眼。
2、井口：井的开口端。
3、井底：井的底端。
4、裸眼：未下套管部分的井段。
5、井深：从转盘补心面至井底的深度。
6、井壁：井眼的圆柱形表面。
7、环空：井中下有管柱时，井壁与管柱或管柱与管柱之间的圆环形截面的柱状空间。
8、井眼轴线：井眼的中心线。
9、井身结构：指的是钻头钻深、相应井段的钻头直径、下入的套管层数、直径及深度、各层套管外的水泥返高以及人工井底等。
10、人工井底：设计的最下部油层下的阻流环或水泥塞面。
(注：该定义不全面，人工井底是可变的)11、井的类别：按一定依据划分的井的总类。
按钻井的目的可分为探井和开发井等；按完钻后的井深可分为浅井(<1200m)、中深井(1200～3000m)、深井(3000～5000m)和超深井(>5000m)；按井眼轴线形状可分为直井和定向井。
12、探井：指以了解地层的时代、岩性、厚度、生储盖的组合和区域地质构造，地质剖面局部构造为目的，或在确定的有利圈闭上和已发现油气的圈闭上，以发现油气藏、进一步探明含油气边界和储量以及了解油气层结构为目的所钻的各种井，包括地层探井、预探井、详探井和地质浅井。
13、开发井：指为开发油气田所钻的各种采油采气井、注水注气井，或在已开发油气田内，为保持一定的产量并研究开发过程中地下情况的变化所钻的调整井、补充井、扩边井、检查资料井等。
14、直井：井眼轴线大体沿铅垂方向，其井斜角、井底水平位移和全角变化率均在限定范围内的井。
15、定向井：沿着预先设计的井眼轨道，按既定的方向偏离井口垂线一定距离，钻达目标的井。
16、丛式井：在一个井场上或一个钻井平台上，有计划地钻出两口或两口以上的定向井(可含一口直井)。
17、救援井：为抢救某一口井喷、着火的井而设计、施工的定向井。
18、多底井：一个井口下面有两个或两个以上井底的定向井。
19、大斜度井：最大井斜角在60°～86°的定向井。
钻井工程常用名词术语
钻井工程常用名词术语钻井总论钻井drilling钻井方法drilling method顿钻钻井cable drilling杆式顿钻rod tool drilling绳式顿钻cable tool drilling轻便钻井portable drilling直井straight hole深井deep well超深井super deep well地热井geothermal well热采井thermal production well工程井engineering rejection well工程报废井abandoned well弃井abandoned well钻井设计well design钻井质量drilling quality岩石的物理机械性质physical-mechanical properties of rock矿物的微硬度micro-hardness of rook肖氏岩石硬度Shores hardness史氏岩石硬度Shi's hardness矿物的弹性模量elastic modulus of mineral岩石的弹性模量elastic modulus of rock矿物的泊松比Poissons ratio mineral岩石的泊松比Poissons ratio rock矿物的切变模量shear modulus of mineral岩石的切变模量shear modulus of rock矿物和岩石的体积压缩模量bulk compressibility mineral and rock岩石的体积压缩系数coefficient of bulk compressibility mineral and rock 岩石的抗拉伸强度tensile strength of rock岩石的直接拉伸试验direct tensile test of rock岩石的巴西劈裂拉伸实验Brazilian test of rock岩石的筒形抗内压胀裂试验burst test of hollow cyling by internal pressure岩石的常规抗压缩强度compressive strength of rock岩石的抗剪切强度shear strength of rock岩石的抗剪切强度试验shear test of rock岩石的三轴强度试验tri-axial test of rock岩石的常规三轴试验ordinary tri-axial test of rock岩石的真三轴试验true tri-axial test of rock脆性岩石brittle rock塑性岩石plastic rock岩石的假塑性破坏pseudo-plastic breakage of rock岩石塑性系数coefficient of plasticity of rock岩石的脆塑性转变压力（临界压力）brittle plastic transitional pressure of rock岩石的库仑纳维尔强度准则Conlomb-Navier strength criterion of rock岩石的内磨擦角和内磨擦系数angle of interal friction and coefficient of interal friction of rock 岩石的莫尔强度准则Mohr strength criterion of rock岩石的格里菲斯脆性破坏准则Griffith criterion of brittle failure of rock统计强度理论statistical strength theory岩石的表面破碎surface fracture of rock岩石的疲劳破碎fatigue fracture of rock岩石的体积破碎volumetric fracture of rock岩石的单位体积破碎pecific volumetric fracture work of rock地应力in situ stress岩层的水平测向应力horizontal stress of strata测向系数coefficient of lateral pressure围压confining pressure有效应力effective stress压持效应chip hold effect岩石硬度减低剂rock hardness reducer岩石的可钻性drill ability of rock岩石的研磨性rock abrasiveness钻具drilling tool钻柱drill stem复合钻柱combination string满眼钻柱packed hole assembly踏式钻铤组合tapered drill collar string钟摆钻具pendulum assembly偏重钻铤unbalanced drill collar钻柱弯曲buckling of drill string钻具的扭转震动twisting vibration of drill string钻杆疲劳破坏fatigue-failure of drill string上紧矩make-up torque应力减轻槽stress-relief groove减震器vibration dampener稳定器stabilizer井眼大扩器reamer钻井液drilling fluids水基钻井液water-base drilling fluids淡水钻井液fresh-water drilling fluids低固相钻井液low solids fluids低固相不分散钻井液low solids non-dispersed polymer drilling fluids抑制性钻井液inhibitive drilling fluids盐水钻井液salt-water drilling fluids饱和盐水钻井液saturated salt-water drilling fluids钙处理钻井液calcium treated drilling fluids钾盐钻井液potassium drilling fluids混油钻井液oil-emulsion drilling fluids生物聚合物钻井液biodegrability drilling fluids油基钻井液oil base drilling fluids反相乳化钻井液invert-emulsion drilling fluids平衡活度钻井液balanced activity drilling fluids泡沫钻井液foam drilling fluids密闭液sealing fluids完井液completion fluids封隔夜packer fluids解卡浸泡液stuck freeing spotting fluids钻井液性能properties of drilling fluids滤失filtrationAPI滤失量API filtration高温高压滤失量high temperature and high pressure filtration 动滤失量dynamic filtration滤饼filter cake含砂量sand content钻井液固相含量solids content in drilling fluids亚甲基兰实验methylene blue test石灰含量lime content estimation钻井液的酚酞碱度P m alkalinity滤液酚酞碱度P t alkalinity滤液甲基橙碱度M f alkalinity造浆率yield破乳电压emulsion-breaking voltage钻井液流变性drilling fluids rheology漏斗粘度funnel viscosity触变性thixotropic behavior静切力gel strength初切力initial gel strength终切力10-minuto gel strength剪切降粘特性shear-thinning behavior钻井液受污染contamination of drilling fluids粘土侵clay contamination盐侵salt contamination盐水侵salt water contamination钙侵calcium contamination砂侵sand contamination水侵water contamination气侵gas contamination钻井液处理剂mud additives降失水剂filtrate or reduction agents增粘剂thickening agent膨润土增效剂agents of increasing bentonite降粘剂thinning agents加重剂weighting agents堵漏剂lost circulation materials水敏性页岩water-sensitive shale膨润土的预水化pre-hydrated bentonite固相控制solid control钻屑cutting砂sand泥silt胶体颗粒colloidal solids钻进drilling钻进技术drilling technology钻进技术参数drilling parameters钻压weight on bit悬重和钻重string suspending weight and drilling weight 转速rpm-revolution per minute排量rate of flow零轴向点zero axial stress point中性点neutral point开钻spud in完钻finishing drilling送钻bit feed方余和方入kelly-up and kelly-in进尺footage机械钻速penetration rate鳖钻bit bouncing跳钻bit jumping干钻drilling at circulation break打倒车reverse rotation table钻头泥包bit balling划眼redressing扩眼reamin1放空drilling break吊打easing the bit in纠斜hole straightening侧钻sidetracking单根single双根double立根stand接单根king a connection起下钻trips知起下钻short tripping活动钻具move the drill string上卸扣make up and break out换钻头change bit鼠洞rat hole小鼠洞mouse hole喷射钻井jet-bit drilling射流jet flow冲击射流impact jet flow汽蚀射流cavitation jet射流扩散角和扩散系数spread angle and spread coefficient of jet射流等速patential core of jet漫流cross flow射流喷速jet velocity射流速度降低系数decreasing coefficient of jet velocity射流动压力dynamic pressure of jet flow射流压力降低系数coefficient of jet-flow pressure drop射流冲击力jet impact force射流水功率jet hydraulic-power喷射距离jet length清洗井底bottom-hole cleaning钻头压降bit pressure-drop钻头水功率bit hydraulic horse-power喷嘴nozzle等变速喷嘴nozzle with iso-variable velocity流线形喷嘴streamline nozzle喷嘴流量系数nozzle orifico coefficient钻井液循环系统drilling fluids circulating system钻井液流态flow pattern平板层流flat plate laminar flowZ值Z-value喷射钻井的工作方式The working regime of jet drilling最大钻头水功率工作方式The regime of the maximum bit hydra-ulic horse-power最大射流冲击力方式the regime of the maximum jet-impact force最大射流喷速工作方式The regime of the maximum jet velocity经济水功率工作方式the regime of the economic hydraulic horse-power jet bit喷射式钻头optimum rate of mud flow最优喷嘴直径optimum nozzlo diameter临界井深和极限井深critical well depth and limited well depth钻井泵的工作状态the working regime of drilling pump钻井泵的最大排工作状态（额定工作功率工作状态）the maximum flow rate regime of the drilling pump (the rated power regime of the drilling pump)钻井泵的调节排量工作状态（允许压力工作状态）the regulated flow rate regime of the drilling pump(the rated power regime of the drilling pump)携带岩屑cutting carrying岩屑运移比cutting transport ratio环空岩屑浓度solid concentration in annular space钻井泵效率rate of utilized power of the drilling pump钻井泵水功济利用率rate of utilized hydraulic power of the drilling pump优化钻井技术optimum drilling technology控制井control well钻井可控参数controllable drilling variables钻井不可控参数non controllable drilling variables钻井目标函数（钻井泛函）objective function of drilling procedure钻进过程的数学模型mathematical model for drilling procedure钻速方程equation for drilling rate二元钻速方程drilling rate equation in two variables多元钻速方程multi-variable drilling rate equation最大允许钻压maximum allowable weight on bit最优钻压optimum weight on bit钻速系数factor of penetration rate地层研磨性系数factor of formation abrasiveness牙齿磨损系数tooth wear coefficient轴承工作系数working coefficient of bearing五点法钻速试验“five spot” drill-off test井下动力钻井hole bottom power drilling涡轮钻井turbo-drilling涡轮钻具turbo-drill电动钻具electric drill螺杆钻具positive displacement motor涡轮工作特性characteristics of turbine涡轮的水力载荷hydraulic load on turbo-drill涡轮钻具井底工作特性hole-bottom working characteristics of turbo-drill涡轮钻具最优工作区optimized working zone of turbo-drill涡轮钻具合理转速optimum revolution of turbo-drill涡轮钻具最优排量optimum capacity of turbo-drill涡轮不稳定工作区unstable working range turbo-drill有效钻压effective bit-weight涡轮钻具井底功率传递系数transfer coefficient of bottom hole power of turbo-drill 涡轮钻具特性系数characteristic coefficient of turbo-drill涡轮的水力效率hydraulic efficiency of turbo-drill涡轮钻具合理钻进深度optimum drill depth of turbo-drill涡轮-泵组联合特性combined characteristics of turbo-drill-pump涡轮钻具轴向间隙的调节axial clearance regulation of turbo-drill钻具滤清器drill pipe filter启动阀starter gate valve低速大扭矩涡轮钻具love-speed high-torque turbo-drill复式涡轮钻具compound turbo-drill定向井directional well定向要素directional elements井斜角inclination方位角azimuth井斜变化率rate of inclination change方位变化率rate of azimuth change井眼曲率hole curvature垂深和测深vertical depth and measured水平投影长度hole deviation水平位移displacement or closure distance多底井multi-bore well水平井horizontal well丛式井cluster well or multiple wells救除井relief well双筒井dual wells套管开窗starting window on casing造斜deflecting or building angle增斜increasing hole angle or build-up hole angle 降斜decreasing hole angle or build-off hole angle 稳斜maintain angle井身垂直投影图vertical projection of borehole井身水平投影图horizontal projection of borehole 正切法tangential method平衡正切法balanced tangential method平均角法average angle method曲率半径法radius of curvature method圆弧法arc method最小曲率法minimum curvature method圆柱螺线法cylinder helix method悬链线轨迹·catenary shape profile控制圆柱control cylinder造斜工具deflecting tool槽式变向器whip-stock短涡轮short turbo-drill钻铤造斜短节short bent collar涡轮偏心短节turbo-eccentric sub复式弯涡轮bent multi-turbo-drill水力斜接头hydraulic bent sub Dyna-flex瓦片变向器rebel tool 造斜工具面tool face造斜率rate of over-all angle change井眼方位漂移walk of hole装置角tool of rotation工具面角tool face azimuth动力钻具反扭角reactive torque定向方位角tool face bearing or tool face setting 磁偏角magnetic declination随钻测量measurement while drill(MWD)单点测斜仪single shot instrument多点测斜仪multi-shot instrument陀螺测斜仪gyroscopic instrument定向orientation定向下钻orientation while going in hole磁力定向法magnetic orientation method斜口管鞋定向法mule-shoe orientation method取心coring岩心core岩心收获率recovery of core取心方法coring method局部反循环取心coring with local inverse circulation长筒取心core drilling with long core barrel密闭取心sealing core drilling保压取心core drilling with keeping formation pressure 定向取心orientation coring绳索取心wire line coring取心工具coring tools岩心筒core barrel单筒式岩心筒single type core barrel双筒式岩心筒core barrel of double tube swivel type内岩心筒inside core barrel外岩心筒outside core barrel喷射式岩心筒core barrel of jet type取心钻头coring bit牙轮取心钻头coring cone bit金钢石取心钻头diamond coring bit硬质合金取心钻头hard metal coring bit涡轮取心钻头turbo-core bit涡轮取心钻具turbo-core drill岩心爪core gripper卡瓦式岩心爪core gripper with slip卡簧式岩心爪core gripper with slip-spring板簧式岩心爪卡core gripper with slip-spider箍式岩心爪core gripper with slip-collar割取岩心core breaking机械加压割心法core breaking by mechanical loading 投球割心core breaking by hydraulic pressure投砂割心core breaking by pumping down顶岩心core extracting各种压力概念concept of pressure静液压力hydrostatic pressure钻井液压力drilling fluid column pressure孔隙压力pore pressure (formation pressure)上覆岩层压力overburden pressure颗粒压力grain to grain pressure压力梯度pressure gradient压力监控pressure detection and control异常压力及其形成abnormal pressure and it’s formation 压力异常abnormal pressure压实作用compaction欠压实imcompaction不渗透围栅·permeabillity barrier快速沉积rapid deposition构造型异常高压structural abnormal pressure地层压力检测方法method of formation pressure detection地震资料法seismic data method机械钻速法penetration rate methodd指数法d-exponent method dc指数法dc-exponent method标准化钻速法normalized penetration rate页岩密度法shale density溢流观测法take a kick天然气录井检测法gas logging氯化物检测法chloride log钻井液录井法drilling fluid log返出钻井液温度检测法flow-line temperature化石资料法paleo-information地球物理检测法wire-line logs中途测试drill-stem testing完井测试well completing test综合录井仪computerlized apply drilling technology地层破裂压力formation fracture pressure地层破裂压力预报方法formation fracture pressure prediction 漏失试验法leak-off test胡伯特-威利斯法Hubbert and Willis approach马修斯-凯利法method of Matthews and Kelly伊顿法method of Eaton安德森法Anderson’s method艾克斯劳格法Exlog method黄荣樽法Huang’s method地层井眼系统的压力平衡balance of formation-borehole system 地层压力当量钻井液密度equivalent drilling fluid density钻井液当量循环密度equivalent circulating density附加压力当量钻井液密度additional pressure equivalent density 当量深度equivalent depth钻柱排代量drilling fluid displacement波动压力（激动压力）surge pressure抽汲压力swabbing pressure气体上窜gas channeling天然气偏差因子the coefficient of gas compressibility溢流overflow井涌kick井喷well blowout地下井喷underground blowout井喷失控out of control for blowout循环池液体增量pit gain压力过渡带pressure transition zone压井killing well关井closing well硬关井hard closing软关井soft closing压井方法killing well method工程师法（等待加重量法）engineer’s method司钻法（二次循环法）driller’s method边加重边循环法concurrent method空井压井empty well control置换式压井法（顶部压井法）displacement method反循环inverse circulating循环周circulating circle节流循环circulating with choke防喷设备和工具blowout prevention tools and equipments防溢管·bellnipple钻井液流量计drilling fluid flowing indicator泵冲数计pump-stroke counter钻井液液面指示器pit-volume indicator真空除气器·vacum degasser硫化氢监测仪H2s detector井控模拟装置well control simulator井喷失控的处理well blowout control抢装井口installing wellhead扣装法抢装井口buckling-up-installing wellhead翻转法抢装井口turning-up-installing wellhead整体吊装法抢装井口whole hanging method for installing wellhead 带帽子压井法·hatting kill well method下封隔器压井killing well with packer method换井口套管casing replacing灭火extinguishing喷射水流灭火法jet fire extinguishing method爆炸灭火法explosion method灭火剂extinguisher固井well cementing套管程序casing program导管conductor表层套管surface casing技术套管intermediate casing strings生产套管production casing套管柱casing string套管柱下部结构casing accessories引鞋guiding shoe套管鞋casing shoe套管扶正器centralizer泥饼刷wall scratcher浮籀float collar套管承托环cement baffle collar旋流短节vortex sub浮鞋cementing float collar水泥伞cementing basket注水泥胶塞cementing plugs通径规drift diameter gauge套管的外载荷outside casing load套管内压力burst套管外挤压力collapse pressure套管轴向力axial load套管强度casing strength套管抗挤强度collapse resistance套管抗拉强度tensile resistance套管抗内压强度burst resistance下套管running casing活动套管moving casing预应力preceding stress人工井底artificial bottom of a well磁性定位短节magnetic locator sub固井工具与设备tools and equipments for running casing and cementing 套管吊钳casing tong套管吊卡casing elevator卡盘casing spider联顶节top connecting collar水泥头connect head水泥车connecting truck井口装置wellhead equipment注水泥?connect油井水泥oil well connecting低密度水泥light weight connect膨润土水泥·bentonite connect速凝水泥accelerated cement膨胀水泥expansion cement纤维质水泥fiber cement树脂水泥（浆）resin cement油基水泥（浆）diesel-oil cement橡胶水泥（浆）latex cement酸溶性水泥acid dissoluble cement石膏水泥混合物·gypsam cement火山灰水泥·pozzolan cement抗盐水泥salt-resisting cement双凝水泥浆separable setting cement slurry冷井水泥和热井水泥ordinary and hot cementAPI水泥分级API cement classification水泥浆性能及其调节cement properties and adjustments of them稠度仪consist-meter水泥浆流动性mobility of slurry水泥浆密度slurry density水泥浆滤失量slurry filtration出口温度井底温度和循环温度flow-line temperature bottom temperature and circulationtemperature水泥浆失重losing weight slurry水泥石强度cement strength水泥石渗透性permeability of set cement水泥石的射孔性perforating quality水泥浆外加剂cement additive速凝剂accelerator缓凝剂retardant减阻剂friction reducer降密度剂light weight additive降失水量filtrate reducer水泥浆加重剂heavy weight additive隔离液spacer fluid前置液ahead fluid尾随液tail fluid注水泥方法cementing methods常规注水泥法typical primary cementing双级注水泥法two stage cementing插入注水泥法inner pipe cementing多管注水泥法multi-plezone completion cementing打水泥塞cementing plug平衡法打水泥塞balance method for cementing plug倾筒法打水泥塞dump bailer method挤水泥squeeze method井口挤水泥法braden head squeeze method封隔器挤水泥法squeeze packer method高压挤水泥法high-pressure squeeze method低压挤水泥法low-pressure squeeze method尾管固井drilling liner cementing尾管悬挂器drilling liner hanger窜槽cement channeling完井方法completion methods裸眼完井法open hole completion先期裸眼完井法initial open hole completion后期裸眼完井法final open hole completion射孔完井法perforation completion单管射孔完井法single pipe perforation completion多管射孔完井法multiple pipe perforation completion无油管完井法·tubingless completion永久完井法permanent completion无封隔器单层永久完井法single pipe permanent completion without packer 单封隔器永久完井法permanent completion with single packer封隔器射孔完井法permanent completion with packer负压射孔perforating with negative pressure过油管射孔perforating through tubing贯眼完成法perforated pipe completion衬管完井法liner perforation completion砾石充填完井法gravel packer completion深井完井法deep hole completion高含硫气井完井法high H2s gas well completion地层损害程度formation damage degree地层损害带formation damage zone水动力学程度不完善井hydrodynamic degree incompleteness well水动力学性质不完善井油井hydrodynamic property incompletion well完善系数well completeness factor损害比damage ratio趋肤效应shin effect开采比production ratio损害系数damage factor完井系数completion factor钻井设备drilling equipment设备安装rig up钻前工作preliminary work for spudding井场布置layout平井场levelling圆井cellar基础ground foundation base活动基墩removable foundation井架安装derrick installation扒杆gin pole井架安装绞车winch穿钢丝绳string up死绳固定器dead line anchor设备校正alignment井口找中center for well整体搬迁skidding the rig成组安装package installation泥浆管汇mud pipeline猫头绳cat-line高悬猫头绳drill rope大钳尾绳safety line大门绷绳front guy(lines)井架绷绳derrick guy接链器chain spanner钻井数据系统drilling data system钻井数据采集装置drilling data acquisition钻井数据实时处理装置drilling data processing钻井数据库drilling data base钻井信息drilling information钻井参数传感装置drilling parameter sensing unit 指重表传感器weight sensor进尺传感器drilling footage sensor转盘扭矩传感器rotary table torque sensor转盘转速传感器R.P.M sensor for rotary table大钳扭矩传感器torque sensor for tong泵速传感器pump rate sensor钻井液密度传感器drilling fluid weight sensor钻井液液面传感器mud pit level sensor钻井液流动传感器drilling fluid flow sensor钻井液温度传感器drilling fluid temperature sensor 钻井液电导传感器drilling fluid conductivity sensor 录井logging钻井液录井drilling fluid logging岩样录井·lithologic logging气测录井gas-logging钻速录井penetration rata logging综合录井compound logging巡回检测cyclic detection泵压表pressure gage钻具事故drilling pipe and tools accident顿钻drill string free fall溜钻drill string not well braked断钻具drilling pipe breaking落鱼fish落物junks打捞作业fishing打捞筒overshot打捞杯fishing cup反循环打捞篮junk basket with reverse circulation 壁钩wall hook铅印模lead stamp一把抓catchall铣鞋mill shoe钻杆外割刀external cutter活动肘节knuckle倒扣捞矛left hand fishing spear弯钻杆bend drill pipe尖钻头tip bit卡钻drill pipe sticking砂桥卡钻sand bridging键槽卡钻key seating压差卡钻differential sticking地层膨胀卡钻formation swelling sticking地层坍塌卡钻formation collapse sticking钻头泥包卡钻balling-up sticking点sticking point解卡工具releasing tools震击器bumper下击器bumper jar上击器top jar地面下击器surface bumper jar千斤顶jack爆炸松扣break-outing pack of dynamite测卡仪sticking-point-instrument解卡方法releasing method震击解卡法releasing stuck tamping油浴解卡法releasing stuck by pump oil into the annuls 酸浴解卡法releasing stuck by acidding割铣解卡法releasing stuck by cutting套铣解卡法milling and breakout爆炸解卡法explosion releasing method跳槽·netch jumping粘扣thread gluing滑扣thread slipping脱扣thread off错扣thread alternating对扣make-up造扣thread making顶天车crashing into the crown磨蚀钻井abrasive cutting drill弹丸钻井bullet-shot drill电火花钻井electric spark drill超声波钻井supersonic wave drill火焰钻井flame-jet drill电加热钻井electric heating drill原子能钻井atomic energy drill电弧钻井electric arc drill等离子钻井plasma jet drill电子束钻井electron-beam drill激光钻井laser drill化学腐蚀钻井chemical erosion drill钻井技术经济指标tech-economic indication of drilling 开钻井口数spudding well number完钻井口数drilled well number完成井口数completed well number钻井进尺drilling footage取心进尺coring footage井身质量合格率well bore quality qualified ratio油层固井合格率oil reservoir well quality qualified ratio钻井工程报废drilling engineering abandonment报废井段abandoned range报废进尺abandoned footage钻机利用率rate rig utilization钻机台月rigs per unity month建井周期台月construction cycle per unity month纯钻井时间reciprocating time钻机月速度monthly drilling rate周期钻速periodic drilling rate纯钻速rate of penetration行程钻速drilling rate of a trip建井周期construction cycle完成井平均建井周期average construction of completed well 完成井平均井深average well depth of completed well完成井平均进尺average bit drilling footage of completed well 钻井时效分析drilling prescription analysis进尺工作时间footage working time固井工作时间cementing working time辅助工作时间service working time事故损失时间accident losing time修理时间repairing time组织停工损失时间management down time loss处理复杂情况时间problem handling time生产时间率production per cent age纯钻进时间率reciprocating time ratio每钻机台月耗柴油量diesel consumption per rig-month每钻机台月耗机油量oil consumption per rig-month钻井工程成本cost of drilling engineering。
钻井工程术语(简排)
用磁滞伸缩的铁芯，使发射体高频振动产生超声波，依靠磨蚀和空化作用破碎岩石的钻井方法。
火焰钻井flame drilling
用氧和柴油一起燃烧以产生高温高喷速的火焰来破碎岩石的钻井方法。
电加热钻井electric heating drilling
利用钻杆连接钻头的顿钻钻井方法。钻进时可以同时循环钻井液以清洗井底。
旋转钻井rotary drilling
采用旋转钻井设备和工具，使钻头作旋转运动，以破碎岩石形成井眼的方法。
转盘钻井rotary drilling
利用转盘带动钻柱和钻头的旋转钻井方法。
顶部驱动钻井top drive drilling
利用安装在钻柱顶部的动力装置带动钻柱旋转的钻井方法。
岩石直接拉伸试验direct rock tensile test
把岩样加工成拉伸试样，置于材料拉伸试验机上进行简单应力状态下(或称单轴拉伸状态)的拉伸试验。
岩石巴西劈裂试验rock Brazilian test
间接测量岩石抗拉伸强度的方法之一。把盘形岩样立放于试验机的工作台面和加载平板之间施加压力载荷的试验。岩盘的破裂是垂直于加载方向上的拉应力达到极限值引起的。设岩盘的半径为ro，厚度为t，岩盘破裂时的载荷为P，则岩样的抗拉伸强度为：
钻井工程部门根据钻井地质设计进行的一口井的工程设计。包括地质目的、井身结构设计、钻柱设计、钻头选择和钻井参数设计、钻井液设计、井控设计、固井设计、工程质量、安全生产、钻井进度、建井周期、设备管理，器材消耗、成本、资料要求等。
钻井工程质量drilling engineering quality
衡量钻井工程作业质量的重要指标，主要包括井身质量、固井质量、取心质量等。
钻井工程常用名词术语及英文释义
钻井工程常用名词术语钻井总论钻井drilling 钻井方法drilling method 顿钻钻井cable drilling 杆式顿钻rod tool drilling直井straight hole 深井deep well超深井super deep well 地热井geothermal well热采井thermal production well工程报废井abandoned well钻井设计well design 钻井质量drilling quality岩石的物理机械性质physical-mechanical properties of rock 矿物的硬度 hardness of rook矿物的弹性模量elastic modulus of mineral矿物的泊松比Poissons ratio mineral矿物的切变模量shear modulus of mineral岩石的抗拉伸强度tensile strength of rock岩石的常规抗压缩强度 compressive strength of rock岩石的抗剪切强度 shear strength of rock岩石的三轴强度实验 tri-axial test of rock脆性岩石 brittle rock 塑性岩石plastic rock岩石的假塑性破坏pseudo-plastic breakage of rock岩石塑性系数coefficient of plasticity of rock地应力in situ stress岩层的水平测向应力horizontal stress of strata围压confining pressure 有效应力effective stress压持效应chip hold effect岩石的可钻性drill ability of rock 岩石的研磨性rock abrasiveness钻具drilling tool 钻柱drill stem 复合钻柱combination string满眼钻柱packed hole assembly 踏式钻铤组合tapered drill collar string 钟摆钻具pendulum assembly 偏重钻铤 unbalanced drill collar钻柱弯曲buckling of drill string钻具的扭转震动twisting vibration of drill string钻杆疲劳破坏fatigue-failure of drill string 上紧矩 make-up torque应力减轻槽stress-relief groove 减震器vibration dampener稳定器stabilizer 井眼大扩器reamer 钻井液drilling fluids水基钻井液water-base drilling fluids淡水钻井液fresh-water drilling fluids低固相钻井液low solids fluids低固相不分散钻井液low solids non-dispersed polymer drilling fluids 抑制性钻井液inhibitive drilling fluids盐水钻井液salt-water drilling fluids饱和盐水钻井液saturated salt-water drilling fluids钙处理钻井液calcium treated drilling fluids钾盐钻井液potassium drilling fluids混油钻井液oil-emulsion drilling fluids生物聚合物钻井液biodegrability drilling fluids油基钻井液oil base drilling fluids反相乳化钻井液invert-emulsion drilling fluids泡沫钻井液foam drilling fluids 密闭液sealing fluids完井液completion fluids解卡浸泡液stuck freeing spotting fluids钻井液性能properties of drilling fluids滤失filtration API滤失量API filtration高温高压滤失量high temperature and high pressure filtration动滤失量dynamic filtration 滤饼filter cake 含砂量sand content 钻井液固相含量solids content in drilling fluids石灰含量lime content estimation钻井液的酚酞碱度P m alkalinity 滤液酚酞碱度P t alkalinity 滤液甲基橙碱度M f alkalinity 造浆率yield破乳电压emulsion-breaking voltage钻井液流变性drilling fluids rheology 漏斗粘度funnel viscosity 触变性thixotropic behavior 静切力gel strength初切力initial gel strength 终切力10-minuto gel strength剪切降粘特性shear-thinning behavior钻井液受污染contamination of drilling fluids粘土侵clay contamination 盐侵salt contamination盐水侵salt water contamination 钙侵calcium contamination砂侵sand contamination 水侵water contamination气侵gas contamination 钻井液处理剂mud additives降失水剂filtrate or reduction agents 增粘剂thickening agent膨润土增效剂agents of increasing bentonite降粘剂thinning agents 加重剂weighting agents堵漏剂lost circulation materials 水敏性页岩water-sensitive shale 膨润土的预水化pre-hydrated bentonite 固相控制solid control 钻屑cutting 砂sand 泥silt 胶体颗粒colloidal solids钻进drilling 钻进技术drilling technology钻进技术参数drilling parameters 钻压weight on bit悬重和钻重string suspending weight and drilling weight转速rpm-revolution per minute 排量rate of flow零轴向点zero axial stress point 中性点neutral point开钻spud in 完钻finishing drilling 送钻bit feed方余和方入kelly-up and kelly-in 进尺footage机械钻速penetration rate 鳖钻bit bouncing 跳钻bit jumping干钻drilling at circulation break 打倒车reverse rotation table钻头泥包bit balling 划眼redressing 扩眼reaming放空drilling break 吊打easing the bit in 纠斜hole straightening侧钻sidetracking 单根single 双根double立根stand 接单根king a connection 起下钻trips短起下钻short tripping 活动钻具move the drill string上卸扣make up and break out 换钻头change bit鼠洞rat hole 小鼠洞mouse hole 喷射钻井jet-bit drilling清洗井底bottom-hole cleaning钻头压降bit pressure-drop 钻头水功率bit hydraulic horse-power喷嘴nozzle流线形喷嘴streamline nozzle 喷嘴流量系数nozzle orifice coefficient 钻井液循环系统drilling fluids circulating system钻井液流态flow pattern 平板层流flat plate laminar flow喷射钻井的工作方式The working regime of jet drilling最大钻头水功率工作方式The regime of the maximum bit hydra-ulichorse-power最大射流冲击力方式the regime of the maximum jet-impact force最大射流喷速工作方式The regime of the maximum jet velocity经济水功率工作方式the regime of the economic hydraulic horse-power jet bit 喷射式钻头optimum rate of mud flow最优喷嘴直径optimum nozzle diameter临界井深和极限井深critical well depth and limited well depth钻井泵的工作状态the working regime of drilling pump钻井泵的最大排工作状态（额定工作功率工作状态）the maximum flow rate regime of the drilling pump (the rated power regime of the drilling pump)钻井泵的调节排量工作状态（允许压力工作状态）the regulated flow rate regime of the drilling pump(the rated power regime of the drilling pump)携带岩屑cutting carrying 岩屑运移比cutting transport ratio环空岩屑浓度solid concentration in annular space钻井泵效率rate of utilized power of the drilling pump优化钻井技术optimum drilling technology钻井可控参数controllable drilling variables钻井不可控参数non controllable drilling variables钻速方程equation for drilling rate最大允许钻压maximum allowable weight on bit最优钻压optimum weight on bit 钻速系数factor of penetration rate 地层研磨性系数factor of formation abrasiveness牙齿磨损系数tooth wear coefficient轴承工作系数working coefficient of bearing五点法钻速实验“five spot” drill-off test井下动力钻井hole bottom power drilling涡轮钻井turbo-drilling 涡轮钻具turbo-drill 电动钻具electric drill螺杆钻具positive displacement motor(PDM)有效钻压effective bit-weight钻具滤清器drill pipe filter 油壬union定向井directional well 定向要素directional elements井斜角inclination方位角azimuth 伽马 gamma ray(GR) 电阻率resistivity 井斜变化率inclination change rate方位变化率azimuth change rate 井眼曲率hole curvature垂深和测深vertical depth and measured(TVD and MD) 水平投影长度hole deviation水平位移displacement or closure distance 多底井 multi-bore well分支井multiple-lateral well 大位移井ERD(extended reach drilling)水平段长度horizontal section length(H-section length)水平井horizontal well 丛式井cluster well 救援井relief well套管开窗starting window on casing 磨铣开窗 casing sidetracking段铣开窗casing milled sidetracking造斜 kick off 增斜build-up (hole angle) 降斜build-off /drop-off(hole angle)稳斜 hold/maintain angle井身垂直投影图vertical projection of borehole井身水平投影图 horizontal projection of borehole正切法tangential method 平衡正切法balanced tangential method平均角法average angle method曲率半径法radius of curvature method圆弧法arc method 最小曲率法minimum curvature method圆柱螺线法cylinder helix method 造斜工具deflecting tool斜向器whipstock 工具面tool face 全角变化率over-all angle change rate井眼方位漂移walk of hole/bit walk动力钻具反扭角reactive torque磁偏角magnetic declination 随钻测量measurement while drill(MWD)单点测斜仪single shot instrument多点测斜仪multi-shot instrument 陀螺测斜仪gyroscopic instrument 定向orientation定向下钻orientation while going in hole长/中/短半径水平井：long/medium/short radius horizontal well斜直井 slant hole 井眼轨道 well trajectory 靶心target靶区半径 radius of target area 造斜点kick off point无磁钻铤 non-magnetic DC 扭方位 correction run/make up correction 取心coring 岩心core 岩心收获率recovery of core取心方法coring method局部反循环取心coring with local inverse circulation长筒取心long barrel coring密闭取心sealing core drilling保压取心core drilling with keeping formation pressure定向取心orientation coring 绳索取心wire line coring取心工具coring tools 岩心筒core barrel单筒式岩心筒single type core barrel双筒式岩心筒core barrel of double tube swivel type内岩心筒inside core barrel 外岩心筒outside core barrel喷射式岩心筒core barrel of jet type 取心钻头coring bit牙轮取心钻头coring cone bit 金钢石取心钻头diamond coring bit 涡轮取心钻头turbo-core bit涡轮取心钻具turbo-core drill 岩心爪core gripper卡瓦式岩心爪core gripper with slip卡簧式岩心爪core gripper with slip-spring板簧式岩心爪卡core gripper with slip-spider箍式岩心爪core gripper with slip-collar割取岩心core breaking机械加压割心法core breaking by mechanical loading投球割心core breaking by hydraulic pressure投砂割心core breaking by pumping down顶岩心core extracting各种压力概念concept of pressure静液压力hydrostatic pressure钻井液压力drilling fluid column pressure孔隙压力pore pressure (formation pressure)上覆岩层压力overburden pressure 压力梯度pressure gradient异常压力abnormal pressure 压实作用compaction欠压实imcompaction地层压力检测方法method of formation pressure detection地震资料法seismic data method机械钻速法penetration rate methodd指数法d-exponent method中途测试drill-stem testing 完井测试well completing test综合录井仪computerlized apply drilling technology地层破裂压力formation fracture pressure漏失实验法leak-off test地层压力当量钻井液密度equivalent drilling fluid density钻井液当量循环密度equivalent circulating density附加压力当量钻井液密度additional pressure equivalent density波动压力（激动压力）surge pressure 抽汲压力swabbing pressure气体上窜gas channeling溢流overflow 井涌kick 井喷well blowout地下井喷underground blowout 井喷失控out of control for blowout循环池液体增量pit gain 压井killing well 关井closing（shut-in）well 硬关井hard closing软关井soft closing 压井方法killing well method工程师法（等待加重量法）engineer’s method司钻法（二次循环法）driller’s method边加重边循环法concurrent method置换式压井法（顶部压井法）displacement method反循环inverse circulating 循环周circulating circle节流循环circulating with choke防喷设备和工具blowout prevention tools and equipments钻井液流量计drilling fluid flowing indicator泵冲数计pump-stroke counter钻井液液面指示器pit-volume indicator真空除气器·vacuum degasser 硫化氢监测仪H2s detector井喷失控的处理well blowout control 抢装井口installing wellhead带帽子压井法·hatting kill well method换井口套管casing replacing 灭火extinguishing固井well cementing 套管程序casing program 导管conductor表层套管surface casing 技术套管intermediate casing strings生产套管production casing 套管柱casing string套管柱下部结构casing accessories 引鞋guiding shoe套管鞋casing shoe 套管扶正器·centralizer 泥饼刷·wall scratcher 浮箍float collar 套管承托环cement baffle collar 旋流短节vortex sub 浮鞋cementing float collar 水泥伞cementing basket注水泥胶塞cementing plugs 通径规drift diameter gauge套管的外载荷outside casing load 套管内压力burst套管外挤压力collapse pressure 套管轴向力axial load套管强度casing strength 套管抗挤强度collapse resistance套管抗拉强度tensile resistance 套管抗内压强度burst resistance下套管running casing 活动套管moving casing预应力preceding stress 人工井底artificial bottom of a well固井工具与设备tools and equipments for running casing and cementing 套管吊钳casing tong 套管吊卡casing elevator卡盘casing spider 联顶节top connecting collar水泥头connect head 水泥车connecting truck井口装置wellhead equipment 注水泥?connect油井水泥oil well connecting 低密度水泥light weight connect膨润土水泥·bentonite connect 速凝水泥accelerated cement膨胀水泥expansion cement 纤维质水泥fiber cement树脂水泥（浆）resin cement 油基水泥（浆）diesel-oil cement橡胶水泥（浆）latex cement 酸溶性水泥acid dissoluble cement石膏水泥混合物·gypsum cement抗盐水泥salt-resisting cement双凝水泥浆separable setting cement slurry冷井水泥和热井水泥ordinary and hot cementAPI水泥分级API cement classification水泥浆性能及其调节cement properties and adjustments of them稠度仪consist-meter 水泥浆流动性mobility of slurry水泥浆密度slurry density 水泥浆滤失量slurry filtration出口温度井底温度和循环温度flow-line temperature bottom temperature and circulation temperature水泥浆失重losing weight slurry 水泥石强度cement strength水泥石渗透性permeability of set cement水泥石的射孔性perforating quality 水泥浆外加剂cement additive速凝剂accelerator 缓凝剂retardant 减阻剂friction reducer降密度剂light weight additive 降失水量filtrate reducer水泥浆加重剂heavy weight additive 隔离液spacer fluid前置液ahead fluid 尾随液tail fluid 注水泥方法cementing methods常规注水泥法typical primary cementing双级注水泥法two stage cementing插入注水泥法inner pipe cementing 多管注水泥法·multi-plezone completion cementing打水泥塞cementing plug平衡法打水泥塞balance method for cementing plug倾筒法打水泥塞dump bailer method 挤水泥squeeze method井口挤水泥法·braden head squeeze method封隔器挤水泥法squeeze packer method高压挤水泥法high-pressure squeeze method低压挤水泥法low-pressure squeeze method尾管固井drilling liner cementing 尾管悬挂器drilling liner hanger窜槽cement channeling 完井方法completion methods裸眼完井法open hole completion先期裸眼完井法initial open hole completion后期裸眼完井法final open hole completion射孔完井法perforation completion单管射孔完井法single pipe perforation completion多管射孔完井法multiple pipe perforation completion无油管完井法·tubingless completion永久完井法permanent completion无封隔器单层永久完井法single pipe permanent completion without packer单封隔器永久完井法permanent completion with single packer封隔器射孔完井法permanent completion with packer负压射孔perforating with negative pressure过油管射孔perforating through tubing贯眼完成法perforated pipe completion衬管完井法liner perforation completion砾石充填完井法gravel packer completion深井完井法deep hole completion高含硫气井完井法high H2s gas well completion地层损害程度formation damage degree完善系数well completeness factor 损害比damage ratio趋肤效应shin effect 开采比production ratio损害系数damage factor 完井系数completion factor钻井设备drilling equipment 设备安装rig up钻前工作preliminary work for spudding 井场布置layout平井场levelling 圆井cellar 基础ground foundation base活动基墩removable foundation 井架安装derrick installation扒杆gin pole 井架安装绞车winch 穿钢丝绳string up死绳固定器dead line anchor 设备校正alignment井口找中center for well 整体搬迁skidding the rig成组安装package installation 泥浆管汇mud pipeline猫头绳cat-line 高悬猫头绳drill rope大钳尾绳safety line 大门绷绳front guy(lines)井架绷绳derrick guy 接链器chain spanner钻井数据系统drilling data system钻井数据采集装置drilling data acquisition钻井数据实时处理装置drilling data processing钻井数据库drilling data base 钻井信息drilling information钻井参数传感装置drilling parameter sensing unit指重表传感器weight sensor 进尺传感器drilling footage sensor转盘扭矩传感器rotary table torque sensor转盘转速传感器R.P.M sensor for rotary table大钳扭矩传感器torque sensor for tong 泵速传感器pump rate sensor 钻井液密度传感器drilling fluid weight sensor钻井液液面传感器mud pit level sensor钻井液流动传感器drilling fluid flow sensor钻井液温度传感器drilling fluid temperature sensor钻井液电导传感器drilling fluid conductivity sensor 录井logging钻井液录井drilling fluid logging岩样录井·lithologic logging 气测录井gas-logging钻速录井penetration rata logging 综合录井compound logging巡回检测cyclic detection 泵压表pressure gage钻具事故drilling pipe and tools accident 顿钻drill string free fall溜钻drill string not well braked 断钻具drilling pipe breaking落鱼fish 落物junks 打捞作业fishing 打捞筒overshot打捞杯fishing cup 反循环打捞篮junk basket with reverse circulation 壁钩wall hook 铅印模lead stamp 一把抓catchall 铣鞋mill shoe钻杆外割刀external cutter 活动肘节knuckle倒扣捞矛left hand fishing spear 弯钻杆bend drill pipe尖钻头tip bit 卡钻drill pipe sticking 砂桥卡钻sand bridging键槽卡钻key seating 压差卡钻differential sticking地层膨胀卡钻formation swelling sticking地层坍塌卡钻formation collapse sticking钻头泥包卡钻balling-up sticking 卡点sticking point解卡工具releasing tools 震击器bumper 下击器bumper jar上击器top jar 地面下击器surface bumper jar 千斤顶jack爆炸松扣break-outing pack of dynamite测卡仪sticking-point-instrument 解卡方法releasing method震击解卡法releasing stuck tamping油浴解卡法releasing stuck by pump oil into the annuls酸浴解卡法releasing stuck by acidding割铣解卡法releasing stuck by cutting套铣解卡法milling and breakout爆炸解卡法explosion releasing method 跳槽·netch jumping粘扣thread gluing 滑扣thread slipping 脱扣thread off错扣thread alternating 对扣make-up 造扣thread making顶天车crashing into the crown 磨蚀钻井abrasive cutting drill弹丸钻井bullet-shot drill 电火花钻井electric spark drill超声波钻井supersonic wave drill 火焰钻井flame-jet drill电加热钻井electric heating drill 原子能钻井atomic energy drill电弧钻井electric arc drill 等离子钻井plasma jet drill电子束钻井electron-beam drill 激光钻井laser drill化学腐蚀钻井chemical erosion drill钻井技术经济指标tech-economic indication of drilling开钻井口数spudding well number 完钻井口数drilled well number完成井口数completed well number 钻井进尺drilling footage取心进尺coring footage井身质量合格率well bore quality qualified ratio油层固井合格率oil reservoir well quality qualified ratio钻井工程报废drilling engineering abandonment报废井段abandoned range报废进尺abandoned footage钻机利用率rate rig utilization钻机台月rigs per unity month建井周期台月construction cycle per unity month纯钻井时间reciprocating time钻机月速度monthly drilling rate周期钻速periodic drilling rate纯钻速rate of penetration行程钻速drilling rate of a trip建井周期construction cycle完成井平均建井周期average construction of completed well 完成井平均井深average well depth of completed well完成井平均进尺average bit drilling footage of completed well 钻井时效分析drilling prescription analysis进尺工作时间footage working time固井工作时间cementing working time辅助工作时间service working time事故损失时间accident losing time修理时间repairing time组织停工损失时间management down time loss处理复杂情况时间problem handling time生产时间率production per cent age纯钻进时间率reciprocating time ratio每钻机台月耗柴油量diesel consumption per rig-month每钻机台月耗机油量oil consumption per rig-month钻井工程成本cost of drilling engineering石油工程作业英语These are various parameters displayed in the comprehensive mud logging unit(CMLU).这是综合录井仪显示的各种参数How many parameters can be displayer in the CMLU?综合录井仪能显示多少参数？These are the parameters printed in real time by printer.这是打印机实时打印的参数Are the parameters printed in real time?参数是实时打印的吗？Many parameters in drilling engineering are monitored by comprehensive mud logging unit.钻井工程的很多种参数由综合录井仪监控Start CMLU, please!开始启动录井仪吧Some latest technologies have been applied in this comprehensive mud logging unit.这台录井仪使用了最先进的技术The total hydrocarbon ,especially the components C1～C5can be analyzed by the chromatograph in the CMLU.综合录井仪色谱能够分析全烃，组分C1~C5Are the total hydrocarbon and its components analyzed by chromatograph?全烃和组分是由色谱仪分析的吗？CO2 H2 can be analyzed by non-hydrocarbon detector.非烃检测仪能够分析CO2和H2There are some troubles in the sensor.传感器有故障了Please replace a new one if the sensor can not bi repaired.如果无法修就换上一个新的传感器The old sensor is not reliable, please replace a new one.旧的不可靠，换个新的吧The values of total gas and the components are not high.现在全烃和组分值都不高The total hydrocarbon and its components are increasing.全烃和组分值正在上升How about thee total hydrocarbon and its components? May I have one copy of your record?全烃和组分值怎样？给我一份记录This is not an abnormal of gas logging display.这不是气测显示异常You should pay close attention to the gad showing.密切注意气测显示This peak is caused by connection gas.这是一个单根峰This peak is caused by swabbing.这个峰值是由抽吸造成的We are testing the trip gas.现在正在测后效Please record the time when trip gas occurs.请记录后效出现时间Please calculate the height and speed of the trip gas rising.请计算后效上窜高度和上窜速度Test the trip gas after two cycles of circulation with a trip to bottom.下钻到底循环两周测后效Is it circulation now?正在循环泥浆吗？Please circulate for two cycles.请循环两周This is an interval with an abnormal showing.这是个异常显示段5 bottles of the mud sample should be taken.泥浆采样必须取五瓶Please put the label on the sample bottle.在样品瓶上贴上标签This is the design requirement.这是设计书要求的Can you show me the design?你能给我看一下设计书吗？The technician keeps the design.设计书在技术员那里。
钻井工程的180个术语
钻井工程的180个术语钻井工程的一些术语1、井：以勘探开发石油和天然气为目的的，在地层中钻出的具有一定深度的圆柱形孔眼。
2、井口：井的开口端。
3、井底：井的底端。
4、裸眼：未下套管部分的井段。
5、井深：从转盘补心面至井底的深度。
6、井壁：井眼的圆柱形表面。
7、环空：井中下有管柱时，井壁与管柱或管柱与管柱之间的圆环形截面的柱状空间。
8、井眼轴线：井眼的中心线。
9、井身结构：指的是钻头钻深、相应井段的钻头直径、下入的套管层数、直径及深度、各层套管外的水泥返高以及人工井底等。
10、人工井底：设计的最下部油层下的阻流环或水泥塞面。
(注：该定义不全面，人工井底是可变的)11、井的类别：按一定依据划分的井的总类。
按钻井的目的可分为探井和开发井等；按完钻后的井深可分为浅井(<1200m)、中深井(1200～3000m)、深井(3000～5000m)和超深井(>5000m)；按井眼轴线形状可分为直井和定向井。
12、探井：指以了解地层的时代、岩性、厚度、生储盖的组合和区域地质构造，地质剖面局部构造为目的，或在确定的有利圈闭上和已发现油气的圈闭上，以发现油气藏、进一步探明含油气边界和储量以及了解油气层结构为目的所钻的各种井，包括地层探井、预探井、详探井和地质浅井。
13、开发井：指为开发油气田所钻的各种采油采气井、注水注气井，或在已开发油气田内，为保持一定的产量并研究开发过程中地下情况的变化所钻的调整井、补充井、扩边井、检查资料井等。
14、直井：井眼轴线大体沿铅垂方向，其井斜角、井底水平位移和全角变化率均在限定范围内的井。
15、定向井：沿着预先设计的井眼轨道，按既定的方向偏离井口垂线一定距离，钻达目标的井。
16、丛式井：在一个井场上或一个钻井平台上，有计划地钻出两口或两口以上的定向井(可含一口直井)。
17、救援井：为抢救某一口井喷、着火的井而设计、施工的定向井。
18、多底井：一个井口下面有两个或两个以上井底的定向井。
钻井术语解释
钻井术语解释钻井术语解释常用术语解释1、井：以勘探开发石油和天然气为目的的，在地层中钻出的具有一定深度的圆柱形孔眼。
2、井口：井的开口端。
3、井底：井的底端。
4、裸眼：未下套管部分的井段。
5、井深：从转盘补心面至井底的深度。
6、井壁：井眼的圆柱形表面。
7、环空：井中下有管柱时，井壁与管柱或管柱与管柱之间的圆环形截面的柱状空间。
8、井眼轴线：井眼的中心线。
9、井身结构：指的是钻头钻深、相应井段的钻头直径、下入的套管层数、直径及深度、各层套管外的水泥返高以及人工井底等。
10、人工井底：设计的最下部油层下的阻流环或水泥塞面。
(注：该定义不全面，人工井底是可变的)11、井的类别：按一定依据划分的井的总类。
按钻井的目的可分为探井和开发井等；按完钻后的井深可分为浅井(<1200m)、中深井(1200～3000m)、深井(3000～5000m)和超深井(>5000m)；按井眼轴线形状可分为直井和定向井。
12、探井：指以了解地层的时代、岩性、厚度、生储盖的组合和区域地质构造，地质剖面局部构造为目的，或在确定的有利圈闭上和已发现油气的圈闭上，以发现油气藏、进一步探明含油气边界和储量以及了解油气层结构为目的所钻的各种井，包括地层探井、预探井、详探井和地质浅井。
13、开发井：指为开发油气田所钻的各种采油采气井、注水注气井，或在已开发油气田内，为保持一定的产量并研究开发过程中地下情况的变化所钻的调整井、补充井、扩边井、检查资料井等。
14、直井：井眼轴线大体沿铅垂方向，其井斜角、井底水平位移和全角变化率均在限定范围内的井。
15、定向井：沿着预先设计的井眼轨道，按既定的方向偏离井口垂线一定距离，钻达目标的井。
16、丛式井：在一个井场上或一个钻井平台上，有计划地钻出两口或两口以上的定向井(可含一口直井)。
17、救援井：为抢救某一口井喷、着火的井而设计、施工的定向井。
18、多底井：一个井口下面有两个或两个以上井底的定向井。
钻井工程术语
10 定向钻井 directional drilling10.1 定向井 directional well沿着预先设计的井眼轨道，按既定的方向偏离井口垂线一定距离，钻达目标的井。
10.2 丛式井 cluster well在一个井场上或一个钻井平台上，有计划地钻出两口或两口以上的定向井，可含一口直井。
10.3救援井relief well为抢救某一口井喷、着火的井而设计、施工的定向井。
同义词：救险井10.4 多底井 multi-bore well一个井口下面有两个或两个以上井底的定向井。
10.5 绕障井 detouring obstacles well为避开在地下存在着某种不允许通过或难以穿过的障碍，沿一定井眼轨道钻达目标的定向井。
10.6 多目标定向井 multi-target directional well有两个或两个以上目标的定向井。
10.7 大斜度井 high angle well最大井斜角在600~860的定向井。
10.8 水平井 horizontal well井斜角大于或等于860，并保持这种角度钻完一定长度的水平段的定向井。
10.8.1 长曲率半径水平井 long radius horizontal well造斜率小于06／30m 的水平井。
10.8.2 中曲率半径水平井 medium radius horizontal well造斜率为06~020／30m 的水平井。
10.8.3 短曲率半径水平井 short radius horizontal well造斜率高达0010~1／m 的水平井。
10.9 斜直井 slant hole用倾斜钻机或倾斜式井架完成的，自井口开始井眼轨迹首先是一段斜直井段的定向井。
10.10 井眼轨道 well trajectory表示设计的定向井井眼轴线形状的图形。
同义词：井眼轴线；井身剖面10.10.1 二维定向井井眼轨道 two dimensional trajectory井眼轴线只在某一个给定方位上的铅垂平面内变化。
钻井工程术语大全
钻井工程术语大全Terms of well drilling engineering目录1 主题内容与适用范围--------------------------02页2 钻井总论------------------------------------02页3 岩石的物理机械性质及可钻性------------------03页4 钻前工程------------------------------------06页5 钻头选择和使用------------------------------08页6 钻柱、钻井工具及仪表------------------------09页7 钻井工艺------------------------------------12页8 喷射钻井------------------------------------14页9 优化钻井技术--------------------------------18页10 定向钻井-----------------------------------20页11 取心钻井-----------------------------------23页12 钻井液及完井液-----------------------------25页13 油气井压力控制-----------------------------30页14 钻井事故及处理-----------------------------33页15 固井与完井---------------------------------37页16 钻井新方法---------------------------------45页17 石油钻井技术经济---------------------------45页中华人民共和国石油天然气行业标准钻井工程术语 SY/T 5313-93Terms of well drilling engineering1 主题内容与适用范围本标准规定了石油钻井工程专用的术语。
钻井基本术语介绍
粘扣：钻具连接部分螺纹之间出现粘死而无法 卸开的现象。 滑扣：是指属于接头螺纹承受过大载荷而变形 滑脱的现象，多数发生在螺纹已严重磨损，接 头配合不当，或由于螺纹咬合不严，被泥浆刺 坏而滑扣。 脱扣：在起下或旋转过程中，管柱从某一连接 处“螺纹松开退出下部管柱掉入井底称脱扣。 错扣：指管柱连接时上下管柱轴心线不重合， 螺纹不是按正常顺序平稳上紧而出现了错乱。 错扣会损坏螺纹，破坏密封和影响连接强度， 30 易于引起恶性事故。
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转盘崩扣：直接靠转盘的扭矩进行卸松螺纹。 憋泵：因循环系统堵塞等原因泵压升高。 循环钻井液：开泵将钻井液通过循环系统进行 循环。 地面循环：钻井液只经过地面管汇进行循环。 地质循环：因地质原因而停止钻进，进行钻井 液循环，以观察井下油气情况的过程。 处理钻井液：用钻井液添加剂调节钻井液性能 的过程叫处理钻井液。
钻井工程术语介绍
2013年9月10日
井：以勘探开发石油和天然气为目的的， 在地层中钻出的具有一定深度的圆柱形孔 眼。 井口：井的开口端。 井底：井的底端。 裸眼：未下套管部分的井段。 井壁：井眼的圆柱形表面。 环空：井中下有管柱时，井壁与管柱或管 柱与管柱之间的圆环形截面的柱状空间
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井的基本概念：以勘探开发石油和天然气为目 的，在地层中钻出的具有一定深度的圆柱型孔 眼。 钻井：利用机械设备把地层钻成孔眼的工程。 井深：从转盘补芯面至井底的深度。 浅井：指井深在1500米（含1500米）以内的 井。 中深井：指井深在1500米至4000米（含4000 米）的井。 深井：井深超过4000米的井。 超深井：井深超过6000米的井。
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钟摆钻具：在已斜井眼中，钻头以上，切 点以下的一段钻铤犹如一个“钟摆”，钻 头在这段钻铤的重力的横向分力－即钟摆 力作用下，靠向并切削下侧井壁，从而起 到减小井斜角的作用。运用这个原理组合 的下部钻具组合称钟摆钻具。 钻柱：是指自水龙头以下钻头以上所连接 的整个系统的总称。它是由方钻杆、钻杆、 加重钻杆、钻铤、接头、稳定器、震击器、 井下动力钻具等各部件所组成。
钻井工程常用名词术语
热采井thermal production well 工程井engineering rejection well
工程报废井abandoned well 弃井abandoned well
钻井设计well design 钻井质量drilling quality
初切力initial gel strength 终切力10-minuto gel strength
剪切降粘特性shear-thinning behavior
钻井液受污染contamination of drilling fluids
粘土侵clay contamination 盐侵salt contamination
岩石的内磨擦角和内磨擦系数angle of interal friction and coefficient of interal friction of rock
岩石的莫尔强度准则 Mohr strength criterion of rock
岩石的格里菲斯脆性破坏准则 Griffith criterion of brittle failure of rock
钻井工程常用名词术语
钻井总论
钻井drilling 钻井方法drilling method 顿钻钻井cable drilling
杆式顿钻roddrilling
轻便钻井portable drilling 直井straight hole 深井deep well
滤液甲基橙碱度Mf alkalinity 造浆率yield
破乳电压emulsion-breaking voltage
钻井液流变性drilling fluids rheology 漏斗粘度funnel viscosity
钻井工程常用名词术语
钻井工程常用名词术语钻井总论钻井drilling 钻井方法drilling method 顿钻钻井cable drilling杆式顿钻rod tool drilling 绳式顿钻cable tool drilling轻便钻井portable drilling 直井straight hole 深井deep well超深井super deep well 地热井geothermal well热采井thermal production well 工程井engineering rejection well 工程报废井abandoned well 弃井abandoned well钻井设计well design 钻井质量drilling quality岩石的物理机械性质physical-mechanical properties of rock矿物的微硬度micro-hardness of rook肖氏岩石硬度Shores hardness 史氏岩石硬度Shi's hardness 矿物的弹性模量elastic modulus of mineral岩石的弹性模量elastic modulus of rock矿物的泊松比Poissons ratio mineral岩石的泊松比Poissons ratio rock矿物的切变模量shear modulus of mineral岩石的切变模量shear modulus of rock矿物和岩石的体积压缩模量bulk compressibility mineral and rock 岩石的体积压缩系数coefficient of bulk compressibility mineral and rock岩石的抗拉伸强度tensile strength of rock岩石的直接拉伸试验direct tensile test of rock岩石的巴西劈裂拉伸实验Brazilian test of rock·岩石的筒形抗内压胀裂试验burst test of hollow cyling by internal pressure岩石的常规抗压缩强度compressive strength of rock岩石的抗剪切强度shear strength of rock岩石的抗剪切强度试验shear test of rock岩石的三轴强度试验tri-axial test of rock岩石的常规三轴试验ordinary tri-axial test of rock岩石的真三轴试验true tri-axial test of rock脆性岩石brittle rock 塑性岩石plastic rock岩石的假塑性破坏pseudo-plastic breakage of rock岩石塑性系数coefficient of plasticity of rock岩石的脆塑性转变压力（临界压力）brittle plastic transitional pressure of rock岩石的库仑纳维尔强度准则Conlomb-Navier strength criterion of rock 岩石的内磨擦角和内磨擦系数angle of interal friction and coefficient of interal friction of rock岩石的莫尔强度准则Mohr strength criterion of rock岩石的格里菲斯脆性破坏准则Griffith criterion of brittle failure of rock统计强度理论statistical strength theory岩石的表面破碎surface fracture of rock岩石的疲劳破碎fatigue fracture of rock岩石的体积破碎volumetric fracture of rock岩石的单位体积破碎pecific volumetric fracture work of rock地应力in situ stress岩层的水平测向应力horizontal stress of strata测向系数coefficient of lateral pressure围压confining pressure 有效应力effective stress压持效应chip hold effect 岩石硬度减低剂rock hardness reducer岩石的可钻性drill ability of rock 岩石的研磨性rock abrasiveness钻具drilling tool 钻柱drill stem 复合钻柱combination string满眼钻柱packed hole assembly 踏式钻铤组合tapered drill collar string 钟摆钻具pendulum assembly 偏重钻铤unbalanced drill collar钻柱弯曲buckling of drill string钻具的扭转震动twisting vibration of drill string钻杆疲劳破坏fatigue-failure of drill string 上紧矩make-up torque应力减轻槽stress-relief groove 减震器vibration dampener稳定器stabilizer 井眼大扩器reamer 钻井液drilling fluids水基钻井液water-base drilling fluids淡水钻井液fresh-water drilling fluids低固相钻井液low solids fluids低固相不分散钻井液low solids non-dispersed polymer drilling fluids抑制性钻井液inhibitive drilling fluids盐水钻井液salt-water drilling fluids饱和盐水钻井液saturated salt-water drilling fluids钙处理钻井液calcium treated drilling fluids钾盐钻井液potassium drilling fluids混油钻井液oil-emulsion drilling fluids生物聚合物钻井液biodegrability drilling fluids油基钻井液oil base drilling fluids反相乳化钻井液invert-emulsion drilling fluids平衡活度钻井液balanced activity drilling fluids泡沫钻井液foam drilling fluids 密闭液sealing fluids完井液completion fluids 封隔夜packer fluids解卡浸泡液stuck freeing spotting fluids钻井液性能properties of drilling fluids滤失filtration API滤失量API filtration高温高压滤失量high temperature and high pressure filtration动滤失量dynamic filtration 滤饼filter cake 含砂量sand content 钻井液固相含量solids content in drilling fluids亚甲基兰实验methylene blue test石灰含量lime content estimation钻井液的酚酞碱度P m alkalinity 滤液酚酞碱度P t alkalinity 滤液甲基橙碱度M f alkalinity 造浆率yield破乳电压emulsion-breaking voltage钻井液流变性drilling fluids rheology 漏斗粘度funnel viscosity触变性thixotropic behavior 静切力gel strength初切力initial gel strength 终切力10-minuto gel strength 剪切降粘特性shear-thinning behavior钻井液受污染contamination of drilling fluids粘土侵clay contamination 盐侵salt contamination盐水侵salt water contamination 钙侵calcium contamination砂侵sand contamination 水侵water contamination气侵gas contamination 钻井液处理剂mud additives 降失水剂filtrate or reduction agents 增粘剂thickening agent膨润土增效剂agents of increasing bentonite降粘剂thinning agents 加重剂weighting agents堵漏剂lost circulation materials 水敏性页岩water-sensitive shale 膨润土的预水化pre-hydrated bentonite 固相控制solid control 钻屑cutting 砂sand 泥silt 胶体颗粒colloidal solids 钻进drilling 钻进技术drilling technology钻进技术参数drilling parameters 钻压weight on bit悬重和钻重string suspending weight and drilling weight转速rpm-revolution per minute 排量rate of flow零轴向点zero axial stress point 中性点neutral point开钻spud in 完钻finishing drilling 送钻bit feed方余和方入kelly-up and kelly-in 进尺footage机械钻速penetration rate 鳖钻bit bouncing 跳钻bit jumping干钻drilling at circulation break 打倒车reverse rotation table钻头泥包bit balling 划眼redressing 扩眼reaming放空drilling break 吊打easing the bit in 纠斜hole straightening 侧钻sidetracking 单根single 双根double立根stand 接单根king a connection 起下钻trips知起下钻short tripping 活动钻具move the drill string上卸扣make up and break out 换钻头change bit鼠洞rat hole 小鼠洞mouse hole 喷射钻井jet-bit drilling射流jet flow 冲击射流impact jet flow 汽蚀射流·cavitation jet 射流扩散角和扩散系数spread angle and spread coefficient of jet射流等速·patential core of jet 漫流cross flow 射流喷速jet velocity 射流速度降低系数decreasing coefficient of jet velocity射流动压力dynamic pressure of jet flow射流压力降低系数coefficient of jet-flow pressure drop射流冲击力jet impact force 射流水功率jet hydraulic-power喷射距离jet length 清洗井底bottom-hole cleaning钻头压降bit pressure-drop 钻头水功率bit hydraulic horse-power 喷嘴nozzle 等变速喷嘴nozzle with iso-variable velocity流线形喷嘴streamline nozzle 喷嘴流量系数nozzle orifico coefficient 钻井液循环系统drilling fluids circulating system钻井液流态flow pattern 平板层流flat plate laminar flowZ值Z-value 喷射钻井的工作方式The working regime of jet drilling 最大钻头水功率工作方式The regime of the maximum bit hydra-ulic horse-power最大射流冲击力方式the regime of the maximum jet-impact force最大射流喷速工作方式The regime of the maximum jet velocity经济水功率工作方式the regime of the economic hydraulic horse-power jet bit 喷射式钻头optimum rate of mud flow最优喷嘴直径optimum nozzlo diameter临界井深和极限井深critical well depth and limited well depth钻井泵的工作状态the working regime of drilling pump钻井泵的最大排工作状态（额定工作功率工作状态）the maximum flow rate regime of the drilling pump (the rated power regime of the drilling pump)钻井泵的调节排量工作状态（允许压力工作状态）the regulated flow rate regime of the drilling pump(the rated power regime of the drilling pump)携带岩屑cutting carrying 岩屑运移比cutting transport ratio环空岩屑浓度solid concentration in annular space钻井泵效率rate of utilized power of the drilling pump钻井泵水功济利用率rate of utilized hydraulic power of the drilling pump优化钻井技术optimum drilling technology 控制井control well钻井可控参数controllable drilling variables钻井不可控参数non controllable drilling variables钻井目标函数（钻井泛函）objective function of drilling procedure钻进过程的数学模型mathematical model for drilling procedure钻速方程equation for drilling rate二元钻速方程drilling rate equation in two variables多元钻速方程multi-variable drilling rate equation最大允许钻压maximum allowable weight on bit最优钻压optimum weight on bit 钻速系数factor of penetration rate 地层研磨性系数factor of formation abrasiveness牙齿磨损系数tooth wear coefficient轴承工作系数working coefficient of bearing五点法钻速试验“five spot” drill-off test井下动力钻井hole bottom power drilling涡轮钻井turbo-drilling 涡轮钻具turbo-drill 电动钻具electric drill 螺杆钻具positive displacement motor涡轮工作特性characteristics of turbine涡轮的水力载荷hydraulic load on turbo-drill涡轮钻具井底工作特性hole-bottom working characteristics ofturbo-drill涡轮钻具最优工作区optimized working zone of turbo-drill涡轮钻具合理转速optimum revolution of turbo-drill涡轮钻具最优排量optimum capacity of turbo-drill涡轮不稳定工作区unstable working range turbo-drill有效钻压effective bit-weight涡轮钻具井底功率传递系数transfer coefficient of bottom hole power of turbo-drill涡轮钻具特性系数characteristic coefficient of turbo-drill涡轮的水力效率hydraulic efficiency of turbo-drill涡轮钻具合理钻进深度optimum drill depth of turbo-drill涡轮-泵组联合特性combined characteristics of turbo-drill-pump涡轮钻具轴向间隙的调节axial clearance regulation of turbo-drill钻具滤清器drill pipe filter 启动阀starter gate valve低速大扭矩涡轮钻具love-speed high-torque turbo-drill复式涡轮钻具compound turbo-drill定向井directional well 定向要素directional elements井斜角inclination 方位角azimuth 井斜变化率rate of inclination change方位变化率rate of azimuth change 井眼曲率hole curvature垂深和测深vertical depth and measured 水平投影长度hole deviation 水平位移displacement or closure distance 多底井multi-bore well水平井horizontal well 丛式井cluster well or multiple wells救除井relief well 双筒井dual wells套管开窗starting window on casing 造斜deflecting or building angle增斜increasing hole angle or build-up hole angle降斜decreasing hole angle or build-off hole angle稳斜maintain angle井身垂直投影图vertical projection of borehole井身水平投影图horizontal projection of borehole正切法tangential method 平衡正切法balanced tangential method 平均角法average angle method曲率半径法radius of curvature method 圆弧法arc method 最小曲率法minimum curvature method圆柱螺线法cylinder helix method 悬链线轨迹·catenary shape profile 控制圆柱control cylinder 造斜工具deflecting tool槽式变向器whip-stock 短涡轮short turbo-drill钻铤造斜短节short bent collar 涡轮偏心短节turbo-eccentric sub 复式弯涡轮bent multi-turbo-drill水力斜接头hydraulic bent sub Dyna-flex 瓦片变向器rebel tool造斜工具面tool face 造斜率rate of over-all angle change井眼方位漂移walk of hole 装置角tool of rotation工具面角tool face azimuth 动力钻具反扭角reactive torque定向方位角tool face bearing or tool face setting磁偏角magnetic declination 随钻测量measurement while drill(MWD)单点测斜仪single shot instrument多点测斜仪multi-shot instrument陀螺测斜仪gyroscopic instrument 定向orientation定向下钻orientation while going in hole磁力定向法magnetic orientation method斜口管鞋定向法mule-shoe orientation method取心coring 岩心core 岩心收获率recovery of core取心方法coring method局部反循环取心coring with local inverse circulation长筒取心core drilling with long core barrel密闭取心sealing core drilling保压取心core drilling with keeping formation pressure定向取心orientation coring 绳索取心wire line coring取心工具coring tools 岩心筒core barrel单筒式岩心筒single type core barrel双筒式岩心筒core barrel of double tube swivel type内岩心筒inside core barrel 外岩心筒outside core barrel喷射式岩心筒core barrel of jet type 取心钻头coring bit牙轮取心钻头coring cone bit 金钢石取心钻头diamond coring bit 硬质合金取心钻头hard metal coring bit 涡轮取心钻头turbo-core bit 涡轮取心钻具turbo-core drill 岩心爪core gripper卡瓦式岩心爪core gripper with slip卡簧式岩心爪core gripper with slip-spring板簧式岩心爪卡core gripper with slip-spider箍式岩心爪core gripper with slip-collar割取岩心core breaking机械加压割心法core breaking by mechanical loading投球割心core breaking by hydraulic pressure投砂割心core breaking by pumping down顶岩心core extracting各种压力概念concept of pressure 静液压力hydrostatic pressure钻井液压力drilling fluid column pressure孔隙压力pore pressure (formation pressure)上覆岩层压力overburden pressure 颗粒压力grain to grain pressure 压力梯度pressure gradient 压力监控pressure detection and control 异常压力及其形成abnormal pressure and it’s formation压力异常abnormal pressure 压实作用compaction欠压实imcompaction 不渗透围栅·permeabillity barrier快速沉积rapid deposition构造型异常高压structural abnormal pressure 地层压力检测方法method of formation pressure detection地震资料法seismic data method机械钻速法penetration rate method d指数法d-exponent method dc指数法dc-exponent method标准化钻速法normalized penetration rate页岩密度法shale density溢流观测法take a kick 天然气录井检测法gas logging氯化物检测法chloride log 钻井液录井法drilling fluid log返出钻井液温度检测法flow-line temperature化石资料法paleo-information 地球物理检测法wire-line logs中途测试drill-stem testing 完井测试well completing test综合录井仪computerlized apply drilling technology地层破裂压力formation fracture pressure地层破裂压力预报方法formation fracture pressure prediction漏失试验法leak-off test胡伯特-威利斯法Hubbert and Willis approach马修斯-凯利法method of Matthews and Kelly伊顿法method of Eaton 安德森法Anderson’s method艾克斯劳格法Exlog method 黄荣樽法Huang’s method地层井眼系统的压力平衡balance of formation-borehole system地层压力当量钻井液密度equivalent drilling fluid density钻井液当量循环密度equivalent circulating density附加压力当量钻井液密度additional pressure equivalent density当量深度equivalent depth 钻柱排代量drilling fluid displacement 波动压力（激动压力）surge pressure 抽汲压力swabbing pressure 气体上窜gas channeling天然气偏差因子the coefficient of gas compressibility溢流overflow 井涌kick 井喷well blowout地下井喷underground blowout 井喷失控out of control for blowout 循环池液体增量pit gain 压力过渡带pressure transition zone 压井killing well 关井closing well 硬关井hard closing软关井soft closing 压井方法killing well method工程师法（等待加重量法）engineer’s method司钻法（二次循环法）driller’s method边加重边循环法concurrent method 空井压井empty well control 置换式压井法（顶部压井法）displacement method反循环inverse circulating 循环周circulating circle节流循环circulating with choke防喷设备和工具blowout prevention tools and equipments防溢管·bellnipple 钻井液流量计drilling fluid flowing indicator 泵冲数计pump-stroke counter钻井液液面指示器pit-volume indicator真空除气器·vacum degasser 硫化氢监测仪H2s detector井控模拟装置well control simulator井喷失控的处理well blowout control 抢装井口installing wellhead 扣装法抢装井口buckling-up-installing wellhead翻转法抢装井口turning-up-installing wellhead整体吊装法抢装井口whole hanging method for installing wellhead带帽子压井法·hatting kill well method下封隔器压井killing well with packer method换井口套管casing replacing 灭火extinguishing喷射水流灭火法jet fire extinguishing method爆炸灭火法explosion method 灭火剂extinguisher固井well cementing 套管程序casing program 导管conductor 表层套管surface casing 技术套管intermediate casing strings生产套管production casing 套管柱casing string套管柱下部结构casing accessories 引鞋guiding shoe套管鞋casing shoe 套管扶正器·centralizer 泥饼刷·wall scratcher 浮籀float collar 套管承托环cement baffle collar 旋流短节vortex sub 浮鞋cementing float collar 水泥伞cementing basket注水泥胶塞cementing plugs 通径规drift diameter gauge套管的外载荷outside casing load 套管内压力burst套管外挤压力collapse pressure 套管轴向力axial load套管强度casing strength 套管抗挤强度collapse resistance套管抗拉强度tensile resistance 套管抗内压强度burst resistance下套管running casing 活动套管moving casing预应力preceding stress 人工井底artificial bottom of a well磁性定位短节magnetic locator sub固井工具与设备tools and equipments for running casing and cementing 套管吊钳casing tong 套管吊卡casing elevator卡盘casing spider 联顶节top connecting collar水泥头connect head 水泥车connecting truck井口装置wellhead equipment 注水泥?connect油井水泥oil well connecting 低密度水泥light weight connect膨润土水泥·bentonite connect 速凝水泥accelerated cement膨胀水泥expansion cement 纤维质水泥fiber cement树脂水泥（浆）resin cement 油基水泥（浆）diesel-oil cement橡胶水泥（浆）latex cement 酸溶性水泥acid dissoluble cement 石膏水泥混合物·gypsam cement 火山灰水泥·pozzolan cement 抗盐水泥salt-resisting cement双凝水泥浆separable setting cement slurry冷井水泥和热井水泥ordinary and hot cementAPI水泥分级API cement classification水泥浆性能及其调节cement properties and adjustments of them稠度仪consist-meter 水泥浆流动性mobility of slurry水泥浆密度slurry density 水泥浆滤失量slurry filtration出口温度井底温度和循环温度flow-line temperature bottom temperature and circulation temperature水泥浆失重losing weight slurry 水泥石强度cement strength水泥石渗透性permeability of set cement水泥石的射孔性perforating quality 水泥浆外加剂cement additive 速凝剂accelerator 缓凝剂retardant 减阻剂friction reducer降密度剂light weight additive 降失水量filtrate reducer水泥浆加重剂heavy weight additive 隔离液spacer fluid前置液ahead fluid 尾随液tail fluid 注水泥方法cementing methods 常规注水泥法typical primary cementing双级注水泥法two stage cementing插入注水泥法inner pipe cementing 多管注水泥法·multi-plezone completion cementing打水泥塞cementing plug平衡法打水泥塞balance method for cementing plug倾筒法打水泥塞dump bailer method 挤水泥squeeze method井口挤水泥法·braden head squeeze method封隔器挤水泥法squeeze packer method高压挤水泥法high-pressure squeeze method低压挤水泥法low-pressure squeeze method尾管固井drilling liner cementing 尾管悬挂器drilling liner hanger 窜槽cement channeling 完井方法completion methods裸眼完井法open hole completion先期裸眼完井法initial open hole completion后期裸眼完井法final open hole completion射孔完井法perforation completion单管射孔完井法single pipe perforation completion多管射孔完井法multiple pipe perforation completion无油管完井法·tubingless completion永久完井法permanent completion无封隔器单层永久完井法single pipe permanent completion without packer单封隔器永久完井法permanent completion with single packer封隔器射孔完井法permanent completion with packer负压射孔perforating with negative pressure过油管射孔perforating through tubing贯眼完成法perforated pipe completion衬管完井法liner perforation completion砾石充填完井法gravel packer completion深井完井法deep hole completion高含硫气井完井法high H2s gas well completion地层损害程度formation damage degree地层损害带formation damage zone水动力学程度不完善井hydrodynamic degree incompleteness well水动力学性质不完善井油井hydrodynamic property incompletion well 完善系数well completeness factor 损害比damage ratio趋肤效应shin effect 开采比production ratio损害系数damage factor 完井系数completion factor钻井设备drilling equipment 设备安装rig up钻前工作preliminary work for spudding 井场布置layout平井场levelling 圆井cellar 基础ground foundation base活动基墩removable foundation 井架安装derrick installation扒杆gin pole 井架安装绞车winch 穿钢丝绳string up死绳固定器dead line anchor 设备校正alignment井口找中center for well 整体搬迁skidding the rig成组安装package installation 泥浆管汇mud pipeline猫头绳cat-line 高悬猫头绳drill rope大钳尾绳safety line 大门绷绳front guy(lines)井架绷绳derrick guy 接链器chain spanner钻井数据系统drilling data system钻井数据采集装置drilling data acquisition钻井数据实时处理装置drilling data processing钻井数据库drilling data base 钻井信息drilling information钻井参数传感装置drilling parameter sensing unit指重表传感器weight sensor 进尺传感器drilling footage sensor转盘扭矩传感器rotary table torque sensor转盘转速传感器R.P.M sensor for rotary table大钳扭矩传感器torque sensor for tong 泵速传感器pump rate sensor 钻井液密度传感器drilling fluid weight sensor钻井液液面传感器mud pit level sensor钻井液流动传感器drilling fluid flow sensor钻井液温度传感器drilling fluid temperature sensor钻井液电导传感器drilling fluid conductivity sensor 录井logging 钻井液录井drilling fluid logging岩样录井·lithologic logging 气测录井gas-logging钻速录井penetration rate logging 综合录井compound logging巡回检测cyclic detection 泵压表pressure gage钻具事故drilling pipe and tools accident 顿钻drill string free fall 溜钻drill string not well braked 断钻具drilling pipe breaking 落鱼fish 落物junks 打捞作业fishing 打捞筒overshot打捞杯fishing cup 反循环打捞篮junk basket with reverse circulation 壁钩wall hook 铅印模lead stamp 一把抓catchall 铣鞋mill shoe 钻杆外割刀external cutter 活动肘节knuckle倒扣捞矛left hand fishing spear 弯钻杆bend drill pipe尖钻头tip bit 卡钻drill pipe sticking 砂桥卡钻sand bridging键槽卡钻key seating 压差卡钻differential sticking地层膨胀卡钻formation swelling sticking地层坍塌卡钻formation collapse sticking钻头泥包卡钻balling-up sticking 卡点sticking point解卡工具releasing tools 震击器bumper 下击器bumper jar上击器top jar 地面下击器surface bumper jar 千斤顶jack爆炸松扣break-outing pack of dynamite测卡仪sticking-point-instrument 解卡方法releasing method震击解卡法releasing stuck tamping油浴解卡法releasing stuck by pump oil into the annuls酸浴解卡法releasing stuck by acidding割铣解卡法releasing stuck by cutting套铣解卡法milling and breakout爆炸解卡法explosion releasing method 跳槽·netch jumping粘扣thread gluing 滑扣thread slipping 脱扣thread off错扣thread alternating 对扣make-up 造扣thread making顶天车crashing into the crown 磨蚀钻井abrasive cutting drill弹丸钻井bullet-shot drill 电火花钻井electric spark drill超声波钻井supersonic wave drill 火焰钻井flame-jet drill电加热钻井electric heating drill 原子能钻井atomic energy drill 电弧钻井electric arc drill 等离子钻井plasma jet drill电子束钻井electron-beam drill 激光钻井laser drill化学腐蚀钻井chemical erosion drill钻井技术经济指标tech-economic indication of drilling开钻井口数spudding well number 完钻井口数drilled well number 完成井口数completed well number 钻井进尺drilling footage取心进尺coring footage井身质量合格率well bore quality qualified ratio油层固井合格率oil reservoir well quality qualified ratio钻井工程报废drilling engineering abandonment报废井段abandoned range报废进尺abandoned footage钻机利用率rate rig utilization钻机台月rigs per unity month建井周期台月construction cycle per unity month纯钻井时间reciprocating time钻机月速度monthly drilling rate周期钻速periodic drilling rate纯钻速rate of penetration行程钻速drilling rate of a trip建井周期construction cycle完成井平均建井周期average construction of completed well 完成井平均井深average well depth of completed well完成井平均进尺average bit drilling footage of completed well 钻井时效分析drilling prescription analysis进尺工作时间footage working time固井工作时间cementing working time辅助工作时间service working time事故损失时间accident losing time修理时间repairing time组织停工损失时间management down time loss处理复杂情况时间problem handling time生产时间率production per cent age纯钻进时间率reciprocating time ratio每钻机台月耗柴油量diesel consumption per rig-month每钻机台月耗机油量oil consumption per rig-month钻井工程成本cost of drilling engineering石油工程作业英语These are various parameters displayed in the comprehensive mud logging unit(CMLU).这是综合录井仪显示的各种参数How many parameters can be displayed in the CMLU?综合录井仪能显示多少参数？These are the parameters printed in real time by printer.这是打印机实时打印的参数Are the parameters printed in real time?参数是实时打印的吗？Many parameters in drilling engineering are monitored by comprehensive mud logging unit.钻井工程的很多种参数由综合录井仪监控Start CMLU, please!开始启动录井仪吧Some latest technologies have been applied in this comprehensive mud logging unit.这台录井仪使用了最先进的技术The total hydrocarbon ,especially the components C1～C5can be analyzed by the chromatograph in the CMLU.综合录井仪色谱能够分析全烃，组分C1~C5Are the total hydrocarbon and its components analyzed bychromatograph?全烃和组分是由色谱仪分析的吗？CO2 H2 can be analyzed by non-hydrocarbon detector.非烃检测仪能够分析CO2和H2There are some troubles in the sensor.传感器有故障了Water should be filled in the hydrogen generator on time.氢气发生器按时加水Please replace a new one if the sensor can not be repaired.如果无法修就换上一个新的传感器The old sensor is not reliable, please replace a new one.旧的不可靠，换个新的吧The values of total gas and the components are not high.现在全烃和组分值都不高The total hydrocarbon and its components are increasing.全烃和组分值正在上升How about the total hydrocarbon and its components? May I have one copy of your record?全烃和组分值怎样？给我一份记录This is not an abnormal of gas logging display.这不是气测显示异常You should pay close attention to the gas showing.密切注意气测显示This peak is caused by connection gas.这是一个单根峰This peak is caused by swabbing.这个峰值是由抽吸造成的We are testing the trip gas.现在正在测后效Please record the time when trip gas occurs.请记录后效出现时间Please calculate the height and speed of the trip gas rising.请计算后效上窜高度和上窜速度Test the trip gas after two cycles of circulation with a trip to bottom. 下钻到底循环两周测后效Is it circulation now?正在循环泥浆吗？Please circulate for two cycles.请循环两周This is an interval with an abnormal showing.这是个异常显示段5 bottles of the mud sample should be taken.泥浆采样必须取五瓶Please put the label on the sample bottle.在样品瓶上贴上标签This is the design requirement.这是设计书要求的Can you show me the design?你能给我看一下设计书吗？The technician keeps the design.设计书在技术员那里。
钻井工程常用术语
钻井工程常用名词术语钻井总论钻井drilling 钻井方法drilling method 顿钻钻井cable drilling杆式顿钻rod tool drilling 绳式顿钻cable tool drilling轻便钻井portable drilling 直井straight hole 深井deep well超深井super deep well 地热井geothermal well热采井thermal production well 工程井engineering rejection well 工程报废井abandoned well 弃井abandoned well钻井设计well design 钻井质量drilling quality岩石的物理机械性质physical—mechanical properties of rock矿物的微硬度micro—hardness of rook肖氏岩石硬度Shores hardness 史氏岩石硬度Shi’s hardness 矿物的弹性模量elastic modulus of mineral岩石的弹性模量elastic modulus of rock矿物的泊松比Poissons ratio mineral岩石的泊松比Poissons ratio rock矿物的切变模量shear modulus of mineral岩石的切变模量shear modulus of rock矿物和岩石的体积压缩模量bulk compressibility mineral and rock 岩石的体积压缩系数coefficient of bulk compressibility mineral and rock岩石的抗拉伸强度tensile strength of rock岩石的直接拉伸试验direct tensile test of rock岩石的巴西劈裂拉伸实验Brazilian test of rock·岩石的筒形抗内压胀裂试验burst test of hollow cyling by internal pressure岩石的常规抗压缩强度compressive strength of rock岩石的抗剪切强度shear strength of rock岩石的抗剪切强度试验shear test of rock岩石的三轴强度试验tri-axial test of rock岩石的常规三轴试验ordinary tri-axial test of rock岩石的真三轴试验true tri—axial test of rock脆性岩石brittle rock 塑性岩石plastic rock岩石的假塑性破坏pseudo-plastic breakage of rock岩石塑性系数coefficient of plasticity of rock岩石的脆塑性转变压力(临界压力）brittle plastic transitional pressure of rock岩石的库仑纳维尔强度准则Conlomb-Navier strength criterion of rock 岩石的内磨擦角和内磨擦系数angle of interal friction and coefficient of interal friction of rock岩石的莫尔强度准则Mohr strength criterion of rock岩石的格里菲斯脆性破坏准则Griffith criterion of brittle failure of rock统计强度理论statistical strength theory岩石的表面破碎surface fracture of rock岩石的疲劳破碎fatigue fracture of rock岩石的体积破碎volumetric fracture of rock岩石的单位体积破碎pecific volumetric fracture work of rock地应力in situ stress岩层的水平测向应力horizontal stress of strata测向系数coefficient of lateral pressure围压confining pressure 有效应力effective stress压持效应chip hold effect 岩石硬度减低剂rock hardness reducer岩石的可钻性drill ability of rock 岩石的研磨性rock abrasiveness钻具drilling tool 钻柱drill stem 复合钻柱combination string满眼钻柱packed hole assembly 踏式钻铤组合tapered drill collar string 钟摆钻具pendulum assembly 偏重钻铤unbalanced drill collar钻柱弯曲buckling of drill string钻具的扭转震动twisting vibration of drill string钻杆疲劳破坏fatigue—failure of drill string 上紧矩make—up torque 应力减轻槽stress-relief groove 减震器vibration dampener稳定器stabilizer 井眼大扩器reamer 钻井液drilling fluids水基钻井液water—base drilling fluids淡水钻井液fresh-water drilling fluids低固相钻井液low solids fluids低固相不分散钻井液low solids non—dispersed polymer drilling fluids抑制性钻井液inhibitive drilling fluids盐水钻井液salt—water drilling fluids饱和盐水钻井液saturated salt—water drilling fluids钙处理钻井液calcium treated drilling fluids钾盐钻井液potassium drilling fluids混油钻井液oil-emulsion drilling fluids生物聚合物钻井液biodegrability drilling fluids油基钻井液oil base drilling fluids反相乳化钻井液invert—emulsion drilling fluids平衡活度钻井液balanced activity drilling fluids泡沫钻井液foam drilling fluids 密闭液sealing fluids完井液completion fluids 封隔夜packer fluids解卡浸泡液stuck freeing spotting fluids钻井液性能properties of drilling fluids滤失filtration API滤失量API filtration高温高压滤失量high temperature and high pressure filtration动滤失量dynamic filtration 滤饼filter cake 含砂量sand content 钻井液固相含量solids content in drilling fluids亚甲基兰实验methylene blue test石灰含量lime content estimation钻井液的酚酞碱度P m alkalinity 滤液酚酞碱度P t alkalinity 滤液甲基橙碱度M f alkalinity 造浆率yield破乳电压emulsion—breaking voltage钻井液流变性drilling fluids rheology 漏斗粘度funnel viscosity触变性thixotropic behavior 静切力gel strength初切力initial gel strength 终切力10—minuto gel strength 剪切降粘特性shear—thinning behavior钻井液受污染contamination of drilling fluids粘土侵clay contamination 盐侵salt contamination盐水侵salt water contamination 钙侵calcium contamination砂侵sand contamination 水侵water contamination气侵gas contamination 钻井液处理剂mud additives降失水剂filtrate or reduction agents 增粘剂thickening agent膨润土增效剂agents of increasing bentonite降粘剂thinning agents 加重剂weighting agents堵漏剂lost circulation materials 水敏性页岩water—sensitive shale 膨润土的预水化pre—hydrated bentonite 固相控制solid control 钻屑cutting 砂sand 泥silt 胶体颗粒colloidal solids钻进drilling 钻进技术drilling technology钻进技术参数drilling parameters 钻压weight on bit悬重和钻重string suspending weight and drilling weight转速rpm—revolution per minute 排量rate of flow零轴向点zero axial stress point 中性点neutral point开钻spud in 完钻finishing drilling 送钻bit feed方余和方入kelly—up and kelly-in 进尺footage机械钻速penetration rate 鳖钻bit bouncing 跳钻bit jumping干钻drilling at circulation break 打倒车reverse rotation table钻头泥包bit balling 划眼redressing 扩眼reamin1放空drilling break 吊打easing the bit in 纠斜hole straightening 侧钻sidetracking 单根single 双根double立根stand 接单根king a connection 起下钻trips知起下钻short tripping 活动钻具move the drill string上卸扣make up and break out 换钻头change bit鼠洞rat hole 小鼠洞mouse hole 喷射钻井jet-bit drilling射流jet flow 冲击射流impact jet flow 汽蚀射流·cavitation jet 射流扩散角和扩散系数spread angle and spread coefficient of jet射流等速·patential core of jet 漫流cross flow 射流喷速jet velocity 射流速度降低系数decreasing coefficient of jet velocity射流动压力dynamic pressure of jet flow射流压力降低系数coefficient of jet—flow pressure drop射流冲击力jet impact force 射流水功率jet hydraulic—power喷射距离jet length 清洗井底bottom—hole cleaning钻头压降bit pressure—drop 钻头水功率bit hydraulic horse—power喷嘴nozzle 等变速喷嘴nozzle with iso-variable velocity流线形喷嘴streamline nozzle 喷嘴流量系数nozzle orifico coefficient钻井液循环系统drilling fluids circulating system钻井液流态flow pattern 平板层流flat plate laminar flowZ值Z-value 喷射钻井的工作方式The working regime of jet drilling 最大钻头水功率工作方式The regime of the maximum bit hydra—ulic horse—power最大射流冲击力方式the regime of the maximum jet—impact force最大射流喷速工作方式The regime of the maximum jet velocity经济水功率工作方式the regime of the economic hydraulic horse-power jet bit 喷射式钻头optimum rate of mud flow 最优喷嘴直径optimum nozzlo diameter临界井深和极限井深critical well depth and limited well depth钻井泵的工作状态the working regime of drilling pump钻井泵的最大排工作状态（额定工作功率工作状态）the maximum flow rate regime of the drilling pump （the rated power regime of the drilling pump)钻井泵的调节排量工作状态(允许压力工作状态）the regulated flow rate regime of the drilling pump（the rated power regime of the drilling pump）携带岩屑cutting carrying 岩屑运移比cutting transport ratio环空岩屑浓度solid concentration in annular space钻井泵效率rate of utilized power of the drilling pump钻井泵水功济利用率rate of utilized hydraulic power of the drillingpump优化钻井技术optimum drilling technology 控制井control well钻井可控参数controllable drilling variables钻井不可控参数non controllable drilling variables钻井目标函数（钻井泛函)objective function of drilling procedure钻进过程的数学模型mathematical model for drilling procedure钻速方程equation for drilling rate二元钻速方程drilling rate equation in two variables多元钻速方程multi—variable drilling rate equation最大允许钻压maximum allowable weight on bit最优钻压optimum weight on bit 钻速系数factor of penetration rate 地层研磨性系数factor of formation abrasiveness牙齿磨损系数tooth wear coefficient轴承工作系数working coefficient of bearing五点法钻速试验“five spot" drill-off test井下动力钻井hole bottom power drilling涡轮钻井turbo-drilling 涡轮钻具turbo—drill 电动钻具electric drill 螺杆钻具positive displacement motor涡轮工作特性characteristics of turbine涡轮的水力载荷hydraulic load on turbo—drill涡轮钻具井底工作特性hole-bottom working characteristics of turbo—drill涡轮钻具最优工作区optimized working zone of turbo—drill涡轮钻具合理转速optimum revolution of turbo—drill涡轮钻具最优排量optimum capacity of turbo-drill涡轮不稳定工作区unstable working range turbo-drill有效钻压effective bit-weight涡轮钻具井底功率传递系数transfer coefficient of bottom hole power of turbo—drill涡轮钻具特性系数characteristic coefficient of turbo—drill涡轮的水力效率hydraulic efficiency of turbo—drill涡轮钻具合理钻进深度optimum drill depth of turbo-drill涡轮—泵组联合特性combined characteristics of turbo—drill—pump 涡轮钻具轴向间隙的调节axial clearance regulation of turbo—drill钻具滤清器drill pipe filter 启动阀starter gate valve低速大扭矩涡轮钻具love—speed high—torque turbo—drill复式涡轮钻具compound turbo-drill定向井directional well 定向要素directional elements井斜角inclination 方位角azimuth 井斜变化率rate of inclination change方位变化率rate of azimuth change 井眼曲率hole curvature垂深和测深vertical depth and measured 水平投影长度hole deviation 水平位移displacement or closure distance 多底井multi—bore well 水平井horizontal well 丛式井cluster well or multiple wells救除井relief well 双筒井dual wells套管开窗starting window on casing 造斜deflecting or building angle 增斜increasing hole angle or build-up hole angle降斜decreasing hole angle or build—off hole angle稳斜maintain angle井身垂直投影图vertical projection of borehole井身水平投影图horizontal projection of borehole正切法tangential method 平衡正切法balanced tangential method 平均角法average angle method曲率半径法radius of curvature method 圆弧法arc method 最小曲率法minimum curvature method圆柱螺线法cylinder helix method 悬链线轨迹·catenary shape profile 控制圆柱control cylinder 造斜工具deflecting tool槽式变向器whip—stock 短涡轮short turbo—drill钻铤造斜短节short bent collar 涡轮偏心短节turbo-eccentric sub 复式弯涡轮bent multi-turbo—drill水力斜接头hydraulic bent sub Dyna-flex 瓦片变向器rebel tool造斜工具面tool face 造斜率rate of over-all angle change井眼方位漂移walk of hole 装置角tool of rotation工具面角tool face azimuth 动力钻具反扭角reactive torque定向方位角tool face bearing or tool face setting磁偏角magnetic declination 随钻测量measurement while drill（MWD）单点测斜仪single shot instrument多点测斜仪multi-shot instrument陀螺测斜仪gyroscopic instrument 定向orientation定向下钻orientation while going in hole磁力定向法magnetic orientation method斜口管鞋定向法mule—shoe orientation method取心coring 岩心core 岩心收获率recovery of core取心方法coring method局部反循环取心coring with local inverse circulation长筒取心core drilling with long core barrel密闭取心sealing core drilling保压取心core drilling with keeping formation pressure定向取心orientation coring 绳索取心wire line coring取心工具coring tools 岩心筒core barrel单筒式岩心筒single type core barrel双筒式岩心筒core barrel of double tube swivel type内岩心筒inside core barrel 外岩心筒outside core barrel喷射式岩心筒core barrel of jet type 取心钻头coring bit牙轮取心钻头coring cone bit 金钢石取心钻头diamond coring bit硬质合金取心钻头hard metal coring bit 涡轮取心钻头turbo—core bit 涡轮取心钻具turbo-core drill 岩心爪core gripper卡瓦式岩心爪core gripper with slip卡簧式岩心爪core gripper with slip—spring板簧式岩心爪卡core gripper with slip-spider箍式岩心爪core gripper with slip-collar割取岩心core breaking机械加压割心法core breaking by mechanical loading投球割心core breaking by hydraulic pressure投砂割心core breaking by pumping down顶岩心core extracting各种压力概念concept of pressure 静液压力hydrostatic pressure钻井液压力drilling fluid column pressure孔隙压力pore pressure （formation pressure）上覆岩层压力overburden pressure 颗粒压力grain to grain pressure 压力梯度pressure gradient 压力监控pressure detection and control 异常压力及其形成abnormal pressure and it’s formation压力异常abnormal pressure 压实作用compaction欠压实imcompaction 不渗透围栅·permeabillity barrier快速沉积rapid deposition构造型异常高压structural abnormal pressure 地层压力检测方法method of formation pressure detection地震资料法seismic data method机械钻速法penetration rate method d指数法d-exponent method dc指数法dc-exponent method标准化钻速法normalized penetration rate页岩密度法shale density溢流观测法take a kick 天然气录井检测法gas logging氯化物检测法chloride log 钻井液录井法drilling fluid log返出钻井液温度检测法flow-line temperature化石资料法paleo—information 地球物理检测法wire—line logs中途测试drill—stem testing 完井测试well completing test综合录井仪computerlized apply drilling technology地层破裂压力formation fracture pressure地层破裂压力预报方法formation fracture pressure prediction漏失试验法leak-off test胡伯特—威利斯法Hubbert and Willis approach马修斯—凯利法method of Matthews and Kelly伊顿法method of Eaton 安德森法Anderson’s method艾克斯劳格法Exlog method 黄荣樽法Huang's method地层井眼系统的压力平衡balance of formation-borehole system地层压力当量钻井液密度equivalent drilling fluid density钻井液当量循环密度equivalent circulating density附加压力当量钻井液密度additional pressure equivalent density当量深度equivalent depth 钻柱排代量drilling fluid displacement 波动压力(激动压力）surge pressure 抽汲压力swabbing pressure气体上窜gas channeling天然气偏差因子the coefficient of gas compressibility溢流overflow 井涌kick 井喷well blowout地下井喷underground blowout 井喷失控out of control for blowout 循环池液体增量pit gain 压力过渡带pressure transition zone 压井killing well 关井closing well 硬关井hard closing软关井soft closing 压井方法killing well method工程师法（等待加重量法）engineer's method司钻法（二次循环法）driller's method边加重边循环法concurrent method 空井压井empty well control 置换式压井法(顶部压井法)displacement method反循环inverse circulating 循环周circulating circle节流循环circulating with choke防喷设备和工具blowout prevention tools and equipments防溢管·bellnipple 钻井液流量计drilling fluid flowing indicator 泵冲数计pump-stroke counter钻井液液面指示器pit-volume indicator真空除气器·vacum degasser 硫化氢监测仪H2s detector井控模拟装置well control simulator井喷失控的处理well blowout control 抢装井口installing wellhead 扣装法抢装井口buckling-up-installing wellhead翻转法抢装井口turning—up—installing wellhead整体吊装法抢装井口whole hanging method for installing wellhead带帽子压井法·hatting kill well method下封隔器压井killing well with packer method换井口套管casing replacing 灭火extinguishing喷射水流灭火法jet fire extinguishing method爆炸灭火法explosion method 灭火剂extinguisher固井well cementing 套管程序casing program 导管conductor表层套管surface casing 技术套管intermediate casing strings生产套管production casing 套管柱casing string套管柱下部结构casing accessories 引鞋guiding shoe套管鞋casing shoe 套管扶正器·centralizer 泥饼刷·wall scratcher 浮籀float collar 套管承托环cement baffle collar 旋流短节vortex sub 浮鞋cementing float collar 水泥伞cementing basket注水泥胶塞cementing plugs 通径规drift diameter gauge套管的外载荷outside casing load 套管内压力burst套管外挤压力collapse pressure 套管轴向力axial load套管强度casing strength 套管抗挤强度collapse resistance套管抗拉强度tensile resistance 套管抗内压强度burst resistance下套管running casing 活动套管moving casing预应力preceding stress 人工井底artificial bottom of a well磁性定位短节magnetic locator sub固井工具与设备tools and equipments for running casing and cementing 套管吊钳casing tong 套管吊卡casing elevator卡盘casing spider 联顶节top connecting collar水泥头connect head 水泥车connecting truck井口装置wellhead equipment 注水泥？connect油井水泥oil well connecting 低密度水泥light weight connect膨润土水泥·bentonite connect 速凝水泥accelerated cement膨胀水泥expansion cement 纤维质水泥fiber cement树脂水泥（浆)resin cement 油基水泥（浆)diesel—oil cement橡胶水泥（浆）latex cement 酸溶性水泥acid dissoluble cement 石膏水泥混合物·gypsam cement 火山灰水泥·pozzolan cement 抗盐水泥salt-resisting cement双凝水泥浆separable setting cement slurry冷井水泥和热井水泥ordinary and hot cementAPI水泥分级API cement classification水泥浆性能及其调节cement properties and adjustments of them稠度仪consist—meter 水泥浆流动性mobility of slurry水泥浆密度slurry density 水泥浆滤失量slurry filtration出口温度井底温度和循环温度flow-line temperature bottom temperature and circulation temperature水泥浆失重losing weight slurry 水泥石强度cement strength水泥石渗透性permeability of set cement水泥石的射孔性perforating quality 水泥浆外加剂cement additive 速凝剂accelerator 缓凝剂retardant 减阻剂friction reducer降密度剂light weight additive 降失水量filtrate reducer水泥浆加重剂heavy weight additive 隔离液spacer fluid前置液ahead fluid 尾随液tail fluid 注水泥方法cementing methods 常规注水泥法typical primary cementing双级注水泥法two stage cementing插入注水泥法inner pipe cementing 多管注水泥法·multi—plezone completion cementing打水泥塞cementing plug平衡法打水泥塞balance method for cementing plug倾筒法打水泥塞dump bailer method 挤水泥squeeze method井口挤水泥法·braden head squeeze method封隔器挤水泥法squeeze packer method高压挤水泥法high-pressure squeeze method低压挤水泥法low—pressure squeeze method尾管固井drilling liner cementing 尾管悬挂器drilling liner hanger 窜槽cement channeling 完井方法completion methods裸眼完井法open hole completion先期裸眼完井法initial open hole completion后期裸眼完井法final open hole completion射孔完井法perforation completion单管射孔完井法single pipe perforation completion多管射孔完井法multiple pipe perforation completion无油管完井法·tubingless completion永久完井法permanent completion无封隔器单层永久完井法single pipe permanent completion without packer单封隔器永久完井法permanent completion with single packer封隔器射孔完井法permanent completion with packer负压射孔perforating with negative pressure过油管射孔perforating through tubing贯眼完成法perforated pipe completion衬管完井法liner perforation completion砾石充填完井法gravel packer completion深井完井法deep hole completion高含硫气井完井法high H2s gas well completion地层损害程度formation damage degree地层损害带formation damage zone水动力学程度不完善井hydrodynamic degree incompleteness well水动力学性质不完善井油井hydrodynamic property incompletion well 完善系数well completeness factor 损害比damage ratio趋肤效应shin effect 开采比production ratio损害系数damage factor 完井系数completion factor钻井设备drilling equipment 设备安装rig up钻前工作preliminary work for spudding 井场布置layout平井场levelling 圆井cellar 基础ground foundation base活动基墩removable foundation 井架安装derrick installation扒杆gin pole 井架安装绞车winch 穿钢丝绳string up死绳固定器dead line anchor 设备校正alignment井口找中center for well 整体搬迁skidding the rig成组安装package installation 泥浆管汇mud pipeline猫头绳cat—line 高悬猫头绳drill rope大钳尾绳safety line 大门绷绳front guy（lines）井架绷绳derrick guy 接链器chain spanner钻井数据系统drilling data system钻井数据采集装置drilling data acquisition钻井数据实时处理装置drilling data processing钻井数据库drilling data base 钻井信息drilling information钻井参数传感装置drilling parameter sensing unit指重表传感器weight sensor 进尺传感器drilling footage sensor转盘扭矩传感器rotary table torque sensor转盘转速传感器R。
钻井工程常用术语
钻井工程常用名词术语钻井总论钻井drilling 钻井方法drilling method 顿钻钻井cable drilling 杆式顿钻rod tool drilling 绳式顿钻cable tool drilling轻便钻井portable drilling 直井straight hole 深井deep well超深井super deep well 地热井geothermal well热采井thermal production well 工程井engineering rejection well工程报废井abandoned well 弃井abandoned well钻井设计well design 钻井质量drilling quality岩石的物理机械性质physical-mechanical properties of rock矿物的微硬度micro-hardness of rook肖氏岩石硬度Shores hardness 史氏岩石硬度Shi's hardness矿物的弹性模量elastic modulus of mineral岩石的弹性模量elastic modulus of rock矿物的泊松比Poissons ratio mineral岩石的泊松比Poissons ratio rock矿物的切变模量shear modulus of mineral岩石的切变模量shear modulus of rock矿物和岩石的体积压缩模量bulk compressibility mineral and rock岩石的体积压缩系数coefficient of bulk compressibility mineral and rock岩石的抗拉伸强度tensile strength of rock岩石的直接拉伸试验direct tensile test of rock岩石的巴西劈裂拉伸实验Brazilian test of rock·岩石的筒形抗内压胀裂试验burst test of hollow cyling by internal pressure岩石的常规抗压缩强度compressive strength of rock岩石的抗剪切强度shear strength of rock岩石的抗剪切强度试验shear test of rock岩石的三轴强度试验tri-axial test of rock岩石的常规三轴试验ordinary tri-axial test of rock岩石的真三轴试验true tri-axial test of rock脆性岩石brittle rock 塑性岩石plastic rock岩石的假塑性破坏pseudo-plastic breakage of rock岩石塑性系数coefficient of plasticity of rock岩石的脆塑性转变压力（临界压力）brittle plastic transitional pressure of rock岩石的库仑纳维尔强度准则Conlomb-Navier strength criterion of rock岩石的内磨擦角和内磨擦系数angle of interal friction and coefficient of interal friction of rock岩石的莫尔强度准则Mohr strength criterion of rock岩石的格里菲斯脆性破坏准则Griffith criterion of brittle failure of rock统计强度理论statistical strength theory岩石的表面破碎surface fracture of rock岩石的疲劳破碎fatigue fracture of rock岩石的体积破碎volumetric fracture of rock岩石的单位体积破碎pecific volumetric fracture work of rock地应力in situ stress岩层的水平测向应力horizontal stress of strata测向系数coefficient of lateral pressure围压confining pressure 有效应力effective stress压持效应chip hold effect 岩石硬度减低剂rock hardness reducer岩石的可钻性drill ability of rock 岩石的研磨性rock abrasiveness钻具drilling tool 钻柱drill stem 复合钻柱combination string满眼钻柱packed hole assembly 踏式钻铤组合tapered drill collar string钟摆钻具pendulum assembly 偏重钻铤unbalanced drill collar钻柱弯曲buckling of drill string钻具的扭转震动twisting vibration of drill string钻杆疲劳破坏fatigue-failure of drill string 上紧矩make-up torque应力减轻槽stress-relief groove 减震器vibration dampener 稳定器stabilizer 井眼大扩器reamer 钻井液drilling fluids 水基钻井液water-base drilling fluids淡水钻井液fresh-water drilling fluids低固相钻井液low solids fluids低固相不分散钻井液low solids non-dispersed polymer drilling fluids抑制性钻井液inhibitive drilling fluids盐水钻井液salt-water drilling fluids饱和盐水钻井液saturated salt-water drilling fluids钙处理钻井液calcium treated drilling fluids钾盐钻井液potassium drilling fluids混油钻井液oil-emulsion drilling fluids生物聚合物钻井液biodegrability drilling fluids油基钻井液oil base drilling fluids反相乳化钻井液invert-emulsion drilling fluids平衡活度钻井液balanced activity drilling fluids泡沫钻井液foam drilling fluids 密闭液sealing fluids完井液completion fluids 封隔夜packer fluids解卡浸泡液stuck freeing spotting fluids钻井液性能properties of drilling fluids滤失filtration API滤失量API filtration高温高压滤失量high temperature and high pressure filtration 动滤失量dynamic filtration 滤饼filter cake 含砂量sand content钻井液固相含量solids content in drilling fluids亚甲基兰实验methylene blue test石灰含量lime content estimation钻井液的酚酞碱度P m alkalinity 滤液酚酞碱度P t alkalinity 滤液甲基橙碱度M f alkalinity 造浆率yield破乳电压emulsion-breaking voltage钻井液流变性drilling fluids rheology 漏斗粘度funnel viscosity 触变性thixotropic behavior 静切力gel strength初切力initial gel strength 终切力10-minuto gel strength剪切降粘特性shear-thinning behavior钻井液受污染contamination of drilling fluids粘土侵clay contamination 盐侵salt contamination盐水侵salt water contamination 钙侵calcium contamination 砂侵sand contamination 水侵water contamination气侵gas contamination 钻井液处理剂mud additives 降失水剂filtrate or reduction agents 增粘剂thickening agent 膨润土增效剂agents of increasing bentonite降粘剂thinning agents 加重剂weighting agents 堵漏剂lost circulation materials 水敏性页岩water-sensitive shale膨润土的预水化pre-hydrated bentonite 固相控制solid control钻屑cutting 砂sand 泥silt 胶体颗粒colloidal solids 钻进drilling 钻进技术drilling technology钻进技术参数drilling parameters 钻压weight on bit悬重和钻重string suspending weight and drilling weight转速rpm-revolution per minute 排量rate of flow零轴向点zero axial stress point 中性点neutral point开钻spud in 完钻finishing drilling 送钻bit feed方余和方入kelly-up and kelly-in 进尺footage机械钻速penetration rate 鳖钻bit bouncing 跳钻bit jumping干钻drilling at circulation break 打倒车reverse rotation table钻头泥包bit balling 划眼redressing 扩眼reamin1放空drilling break 吊打easing the bit in 纠斜hole straightening侧钻sidetracking 单根single 双根double立根stand 接单根king a connection 起下钻trips知起下钻short tripping 活动钻具move the drill string上卸扣make up and break out 换钻头change bit鼠洞rat hole 小鼠洞mouse hole 喷射钻井jet-bit drilling 射流jet flow 冲击射流impact jet flow 汽蚀射流·cavitation jet射流扩散角和扩散系数spread angle and spread coefficient of jet 射流等速·patential core of jet 漫流cross flow 射流喷速jet velocity射流速度降低系数decreasing coefficient of jet velocity射流动压力dynamic pressure of jet flow射流压力降低系数coefficient of jet-flow pressure drop射流冲击力jet impact force 射流水功率jet hydraulic-power 喷射距离jet length 清洗井底bottom-hole cleaning钻头压降bit pressure-drop 钻头水功率bit hydraulic horse-power喷嘴nozzle 等变速喷嘴nozzle with iso-variable velocity 流线形喷嘴streamline nozzle 喷嘴流量系数nozzle orificocoefficient钻井液循环系统drilling fluids circulating system钻井液流态flow pattern 平板层流flat plate laminar flowZ值Z-value 喷射钻井的工作方式The working regime of jet drilling最大钻头水功率工作方式The regime of the maximum bit hydra-ulic horse-power最大射流冲击力方式the regime of the maximum jet-impact force 最大射流喷速工作方式The regime of the maximum jet velocity 经济水功率工作方式the regime of the economic hydraulic horse-powerjet bit 喷射式钻头optimum rate of mud flow最优喷嘴直径optimum nozzlo diameter临界井深和极限井深critical well depth and limited well depth钻井泵的工作状态the working regime of drilling pump钻井泵的最大排工作状态（额定工作功率工作状态）the maximum flow rate regime of the drilling pump (the rated power regime of the drilling pump)钻井泵的调节排量工作状态（允许压力工作状态）the regulated flow rate regime of the drilling pump(the rated power regime of the drilling pump)携带岩屑cutting carrying 岩屑运移比cutting transport ratio 环空岩屑浓度solid concentration in annular space钻井泵效率rate of utilized power of the drilling pump钻井泵水功济利用率rate of utilized hydraulic power of the drilling pump优化钻井技术optimum drilling technology 控制井control well钻井可控参数controllable drilling variables钻井不可控参数non controllable drilling variables钻井目标函数（钻井泛函）objective function of drilling procedure 钻进过程的数学模型mathematical model for drilling procedure 钻速方程equation for drilling rate二元钻速方程drilling rate equation in two variables多元钻速方程multi-variable drilling rate equation最大允许钻压maximum allowable weight on bit最优钻压optimum weight on bit 钻速系数factor of penetration rate地层研磨性系数factor of formation abrasiveness牙齿磨损系数tooth wear coefficient轴承工作系数working coefficient of bearing五点法钻速试验“five spot” drill-off test井下动力钻井hole bottom power drilling涡轮钻井turbo-drilling 涡轮钻具turbo-drill 电动钻具electricdrill螺杆钻具positive displacement motor涡轮工作特性characteristics of turbine涡轮的水力载荷hydraulic load on turbo-drill涡轮钻具井底工作特性hole-bottom working characteristics of turbo-drill涡轮钻具最优工作区optimized working zone of turbo-drill涡轮钻具合理转速optimum revolution of turbo-drill涡轮钻具最优排量optimum capacity of turbo-drill涡轮不稳定工作区unstable working range turbo-drill有效钻压effective bit-weight涡轮钻具井底功率传递系数transfer coefficient of bottom hole power of turbo-drill涡轮钻具特性系数characteristic coefficient of turbo-drill涡轮的水力效率hydraulic efficiency of turbo-drill涡轮钻具合理钻进深度optimum drill depth of turbo-drill涡轮-泵组联合特性combined characteristics of turbo-drill-pump 涡轮钻具轴向间隙的调节axial clearance regulation of turbo-drill 钻具滤清器drill pipe filter 启动阀starter gate valve 低速大扭矩涡轮钻具love-speed high-torque turbo-drill复式涡轮钻具compound turbo-drill定向井directional well 定向要素directional elements井斜角inclination方位角azimuth 井斜变化率rate of inclination change方位变化率rate of azimuth change 井眼曲率hole curvature 垂深和测深vertical depth and measured 水平投影长度hole deviation水平位移displacement or closure distance 多底井multi-bore well水平井horizontal well 丛式井cluster well or multiple wells 救除井relief well 双筒井dual wells套管开窗starting window on casing 造斜deflecting or building angle增斜increasing hole angle or build-up hole angle降斜decreasing hole angle or build-off hole angle稳斜maintain angle井身垂直投影图vertical projection of borehole井身水平投影图horizontal projection of borehole正切法tangential method 平衡正切法balanced tangential method平均角法average angle method曲率半径法radius of curvature method圆弧法arc method 最小曲率法minimum curvature method圆柱螺线法cylinder helix method 悬链线轨迹·catenary shape profile 控制圆柱control cylinder 造斜工具deflecting tool槽式变向器whip-stock 短涡轮short turbo-drill钻铤造斜短节short bent collar 涡轮偏心短节turbo-eccentric sub复式弯涡轮bent multi-turbo-drill水力斜接头hydraulic bent sub Dyna-flex 瓦片变向器rebel tool 造斜工具面tool face 造斜率rate of over-all angle change井眼方位漂移walk of hole 装置角tool of rotation工具面角tool face azimuth 动力钻具反扭角reactive torque 定向方位角tool face bearing or tool face setting磁偏角magnetic declination 随钻测量measurement while drill(MWD)单点测斜仪single shot instrument多点测斜仪multi-shot instrument 陀螺测斜仪gyroscopic instrument定向orientation定向下钻orientation while going in hole磁力定向法magnetic orientation method斜口管鞋定向法mule-shoe orientation method取心coring 岩心core 岩心收获率recovery of core取心方法coring method局部反循环取心coring with local inverse circulation长筒取心core drilling with long core barrel密闭取心sealing core drilling保压取心core drilling with keeping formation pressure定向取心orientation coring 绳索取心wire line coring取心工具coring tools 岩心筒core barrel单筒式岩心筒single type core barrel双筒式岩心筒core barrel of double tube swivel type内岩心筒inside core barrel 外岩心筒outside core barrel 喷射式岩心筒core barrel of jet type 取心钻头coring bit牙轮取心钻头coring cone bit 金钢石取心钻头diamond coring bit 硬质合金取心钻头hard metal coring bit 涡轮取心钻头turbo-core bit涡轮取心钻具turbo-core drill 岩心爪core gripper卡瓦式岩心爪core gripper with slip卡簧式岩心爪core gripper with slip-spring板簧式岩心爪卡core gripper with slip-spider箍式岩心爪core gripper with slip-collar割取岩心core breaking机械加压割心法core breaking by mechanical loading投球割心core breaking by hydraulic pressure投砂割心core breaking by pumping down顶岩心core extracting各种压力概念concept of pressure 静液压力hydrostatic pressure钻井液压力drilling fluid column pressure孔隙压力pore pressure (formation pressure)上覆岩层压力overburden pressure 颗粒压力grain to grain pressure压力梯度pressure gradient 压力监控pressure detection and control异常压力及其形成abnormal pressure and it’s formation压力异常abnormal pressure 压实作用compaction欠压实imcompaction 不渗透围栅·permeabillity barrier快速沉积rapid deposition构造型异常高压structural abnormal pressure地层压力检测方法method of formation pressure detection地震资料法seismic data method机械钻速法penetration rate methodd指数法d-exponent method dc指数法dc-exponent method 标准化钻速法normalized penetration rate页岩密度法shale density溢流观测法take a kick 天然气录井检测法gas logging氯化物检测法chloride log 钻井液录井法drilling fluid log返出钻井液温度检测法flow-line temperature化石资料法paleo-information 地球物理检测法wire-line logs中途测试drill-stem testing 完井测试well completing test综合录井仪computerlized apply drilling technology地层破裂压力formation fracture pressure地层破裂压力预报方法formation fracture pressure prediction漏失试验法leak-off test胡伯特-威利斯法Hubbert and Willis approach马修斯-凯利法method of Matthews and Kelly伊顿法method of Eaton 安德森法Anderson’s method艾克斯劳格法Exlog method 黄荣樽法Huang’s method地层井眼系统的压力平衡balance of formation-borehole system 地层压力当量钻井液密度equivalent drilling fluid density钻井液当量循环密度equivalent circulating density附加压力当量钻井液密度additional pressure equivalent density 当量深度equivalent depth 钻柱排代量drilling fluid displacement波动压力（激动压力）surge pressure 抽汲压力swabbing pressure气体上窜gas channeling天然气偏差因子the coefficient of gas compressibility溢流overflow 井涌kick 井喷well blowout地下井喷underground blowout 井喷失控out of control for blowout循环池液体增量pit gain 压力过渡带pressure transition zone压井killing well 关井closing well 硬关井hard closing软关井soft closing 压井方法killing well method工程师法（等待加重量法）engineer’s method司钻法（二次循环法）driller’s method边加重边循环法concurrent method 空井压井empty wellcontrol置换式压井法（顶部压井法）displacement method反循环inverse circulating 循环周circulating circle节流循环circulating with choke防喷设备和工具blowout prevention tools and equipments防溢管·bellnipple 钻井液流量计drilling fluid flowing indicator泵冲数计pump-stroke counter钻井液液面指示器pit-volume indicator真空除气器·vacum degasser 硫化氢监测仪H2s detector 井控模拟装置well control simulator井喷失控的处理well blowout control 抢装井口installing wellhead扣装法抢装井口buckling-up-installing wellhead翻转法抢装井口turning-up-installing wellhead整体吊装法抢装井口whole hanging method for installing wellhead 带帽子压井法·hatting kill well method下封隔器压井killing well with packer method换井口套管casing replacing 灭火extinguishing喷射水流灭火法jet fire extinguishing method爆炸灭火法explosion method 灭火剂extinguisher固井well cementing 套管程序casing program 导管conductor表层套管surface casing 技术套管intermediate casing strings生产套管production casing 套管柱casing string套管柱下部结构casing accessories 引鞋guiding shoe套管鞋casing shoe 套管扶正器·centralizer 泥饼刷·wall scratcher浮籀float collar 套管承托环cement baffle collar 旋流短节vortex sub浮鞋cementing float collar 水泥伞cementing basket注水泥胶塞cementing plugs 通径规drift diameter gauge套管的外载荷outside casing load 套管内压力burst套管外挤压力collapse pressure 套管轴向力axial load套管强度casing strength 套管抗挤强度collapse resistance套管抗拉强度tensile resistance 套管抗内压强度burst resistance下套管running casing 活动套管moving casing预应力preceding stress 人工井底artificial bottom of a well 磁性定位短节magnetic locator sub固井工具与设备tools and equipments for running casing and cementing套管吊钳casing tong 套管吊卡casing elevator卡盘casing spider 联顶节top connecting collar水泥头connect head 水泥车connecting truck井口装置wellhead equipment 注水泥?connect油井水泥oil well connecting 低密度水泥light weight connect 膨润土水泥·bentonite connect 速凝水泥accelerated cement膨胀水泥expansion cement 纤维质水泥fiber cement树脂水泥（浆）resin cement 油基水泥（浆）diesel-oil cement 橡胶水泥（浆）latex cement 酸溶性水泥acid dissoluble cement 石膏水泥混合物·gypsam cement 火山灰水泥·pozzolan cement 抗盐水泥salt-resisting cement双凝水泥浆separable setting cement slurry冷井水泥和热井水泥ordinary and hot cementAPI水泥分级API cement classification水泥浆性能及其调节cement properties and adjustments of them 稠度仪consist-meter 水泥浆流动性mobility of slurry水泥浆密度slurry density 水泥浆滤失量slurry filtration出口温度井底温度和循环温度flow-line temperature bottom temperature and circulation temperature水泥浆失重losing weight slurry 水泥石强度cement strength 水泥石渗透性permeability of set cement水泥石的射孔性perforating quality 水泥浆外加剂cement additive速凝剂accelerator 缓凝剂retardant 减阻剂friction reducer降密度剂light weight additive 降失水量filtrate reducer水泥浆加重剂heavy weight additive 隔离液spacer fluid前置液ahead fluid 尾随液tail fluid 注水泥方法cementing methods常规注水泥法typical primary cementing双级注水泥法two stage cementing插入注水泥法inner pipe cementing多管注水泥法·multi-plezone completion cementing 打水泥塞cementing plug平衡法打水泥塞balance method for cementing plug倾筒法打水泥塞dump bailer method 挤水泥squeeze method 井口挤水泥法·braden head squeeze method封隔器挤水泥法squeeze packer method高压挤水泥法high-pressure squeeze method低压挤水泥法low-pressure squeeze method尾管固井drilling liner cementing 尾管悬挂器drilling liner hanger窜槽cement channeling 完井方法completion methods裸眼完井法open hole completion先期裸眼完井法initial open hole completion后期裸眼完井法final open hole completion射孔完井法perforation completion单管射孔完井法single pipe perforation completion多管射孔完井法multiple pipe perforation completion无油管完井法·tubingless completion永久完井法permanent completion无封隔器单层永久完井法single pipe permanent completion without packer单封隔器永久完井法permanent completion with single packer封隔器射孔完井法permanent completion with packer负压射孔perforating with negative pressure过油管射孔perforating through tubing贯眼完成法perforated pipe completion衬管完井法liner perforation completion砾石充填完井法gravel packer completion深井完井法deep hole completion高含硫气井完井法high H2s gas well completion地层损害程度formation damage degree地层损害带formation damage zone水动力学程度不完善井hydrodynamic degree incompleteness well 水动力学性质不完善井油井hydrodynamic property incompletion well完善系数well completeness factor 损害比damage ratio 趋肤效应shin effect 开采比production ratio损害系数damage factor 完井系数completion factor钻井设备drilling equipment 设备安装rig up钻前工作preliminary work for spudding 井场布置layout平井场levelling 圆井cellar 基础ground foundation base活动基墩removable foundation 井架安装derrick installation 扒杆gin pole 井架安装绞车winch 穿钢丝绳string up死绳固定器dead line anchor 设备校正alignment井口找中center for well 整体搬迁skidding the rig成组安装package installation 泥浆管汇mud pipeline猫头绳cat-line 高悬猫头绳drill rope大钳尾绳safety line 大门绷绳front guy(lines)井架绷绳derrick guy 接链器chain spanner钻井数据系统drilling data system钻井数据采集装置drilling data acquisition钻井数据实时处理装置drilling data processing钻井数据库drilling data base 钻井信息drilling information钻井参数传感装置drilling parameter sensing unit指重表传感器weight sensor 进尺传感器drilling footage sensor 转盘扭矩传感器rotary table torque sensor转盘转速传感器R.P.M sensor for rotary table大钳扭矩传感器torque sensor for tong 泵速传感器pump rate sensor钻井液密度传感器drilling fluid weight sensor钻井液液面传感器mud pit level sensor钻井液流动传感器drilling fluid flow sensor钻井液温度传感器drilling fluid temperature sensor钻井液电导传感器drilling fluid conductivity sensor 录井logging钻井液录井drilling fluid logging岩样录井·lithologic logging 气测录井gas-logging钻速录井penetration rata logging 综合录井compound logging 巡回检测cyclic detection 泵压表pressure gage钻具事故drilling pipe and tools accident 顿钻drill string free fall溜钻drill string not well braked 断钻具drilling pipe breaking落鱼fish 落物junks 打捞作业fishing 打捞筒overshot打捞杯fishing cup 反循环打捞篮junk basket with reverse circulation壁钩wall hook 铅印模lead stamp 一把抓catchall 铣鞋mill shoe钻杆外割刀external cutter 活动肘节knuckle倒扣捞矛left hand fishing spear 弯钻杆bend drill pipe尖钻头tip bit 卡钻drill pipe sticking 砂桥卡钻sand bridging 键槽卡钻key seating 压差卡钻differential sticking地层膨胀卡钻formation swelling sticking地层坍塌卡钻formation collapse sticking钻头泥包卡钻balling-up sticking 卡点sticking point解卡工具releasing tools 震击器bumper 下击器bumper jar 上击器top jar 地面下击器surface bumper jar 千斤顶jack 爆炸松扣break-outing pack of dynamite测卡仪sticking-point-instrument 解卡方法releasing method 震击解卡法releasing stuck tamping油浴解卡法releasing stuck by pump oil into the annuls酸浴解卡法releasing stuck by acidding割铣解卡法releasing stuck by cutting套铣解卡法milling and breakout爆炸解卡法explosion releasing method 跳槽·netch jumping 粘扣thread gluing 滑扣thread slipping 脱扣thread off错扣thread alternating 对扣make-up 造扣thread making顶天车crashing into the crown 磨蚀钻井abrasive cutting drill 弹丸钻井bullet-shot drill 电火花钻井electric spark drill超声波钻井supersonic wave drill 火焰钻井flame-jet drill电加热钻井electric heating drill 原子能钻井atomic energy drill电弧钻井electric arc drill 等离子钻井plasma jet drill电子束钻井electron-beam drill 激光钻井laser drill化学腐蚀钻井chemical erosion drill钻井技术经济指标tech-economic indication of drilling开钻井口数spudding well number 完钻井口数drilled well number完成井口数completed well number 钻井进尺drilling footage取心进尺coring footage井身质量合格率well bore quality qualified ratio油层固井合格率oil reservoir well quality qualified ratio钻井工程报废drilling engineering abandonment报废井段abandoned range报废进尺abandoned footage钻机利用率rate rig utilization钻机台月rigs per unity month建井周期台月construction cycle per unity month纯钻井时间reciprocating time钻机月速度monthly drilling rate周期钻速periodic drilling rate纯钻速rate of penetration行程钻速drilling rate of a trip建井周期construction cycle完成井平均建井周期average construction of completed well 完成井平均井深average well depth of completed well完成井平均进尺average bit drilling footage of completed well 钻井时效分析drilling prescription analysis进尺工作时间footage working time固井工作时间cementing working time辅助工作时间service working time事故损失时间accident losing time修理时间repairing time组织停工损失时间management down time loss处理复杂情况时间problem handling time生产时间率production per cent age纯钻进时间率reciprocating time ratio每钻机台月耗柴油量diesel consumption per rig-month每钻机台月耗机油量oil consumption per rig-month钻井工程成本cost of drilling engineering石油工程作业英语These are various parameters displayed in the comprehensive mudlogging unit(CMLU).这是综合录井仪显示的各种参数How many parameters can be displayer in the CMLU?综合录井仪能显示多少参数？These are the parameters printed in real time by printer.这是打印机实时打印的参数Are the parameters printed in real time?参数是实时打印的吗？Many parameters in drilling engineering are monitored bycomprehensive mud logging unit.钻井工程的很多种参数由综合录井仪监控Start CMLU, please!开始启动录井仪吧Some latest technologies have been applied in this comprehensive mud logging unit.这台录井仪使用了最先进的技术The total hydrocarbon ,especially the components C1～C5can be analyzed by the chromatograph in the CMLU.综合录井仪色谱能够分析全烃，组分C1~C5Are the total hydrocarbon and its components analyzed by chromatograph?全烃和组分是由色谱仪分析的吗？CO2 H2 can be analyzed by non-hydrocarbon detector.非烃检测仪能够分析CO2和H2There are some troubles in the sensor.传感器有故障了Water should be filled in the hydrogen generator on time.氢气发生器按时加水Please replace a new one if the sensor can not bi repaired.如果无法修就换上一个新的传感器The old sensor is not reliable, please replace a new one.旧的不可靠，换个新的吧The values of total gas and the components are not high.现在全烃和组分值都不高The total hydrocarbon and its components are increasing.全烃和组分值正在上升How about thee total hydrocarbon and its components? May I have one copy of your record?全烃和组分值怎样？给我一份记录This is not an abnormal of gas logging display.这不是气测显示异常You should pay close attention to the gad showing.密切注意气测显示This peak is caused by connection gas.这是一个单根峰This peak is caused by swabbing.这个峰值是由抽吸造成的We are testing the trip gas.现在正在测后效Please record the time when trip gas occurs.请记录后效出现时间Please calculate the height and speed of the trip gas rising.请计算后效上窜高度和上窜速度Test the trip gas after two cycles of circulation with a trip to bottom.下钻到底循环两周测后效Is it circulation now?正在循环泥浆吗？Please circulate for two cycles.请循环两周This is an interval with an abnormal showing.这是个异常显示段5 bottles of the mud sample should be taken.泥浆采样必须取五瓶Please put the label on the sample bottle.在样品瓶上贴上标签This is the design requirement.这是设计书要求的Can you show me the design?你能给我看一下设计书吗？The technician keeps the design.设计书在技术员那里。
钻井工程术语解释
钻井资料管理系统—录入界面指标解释（一）基础数据1．任务来源：是指任务来源于那里。
分为油田内部、油田外部、集团公司内、集团公司外、国内反承包、国外承包。
任务来源分为：油田内部、油田外部、集团公司内、集团公司外油田内部：本油田投资打的井。
（一般在本油田内打）油田外部：外部单位（外油田、或地方）投资，本油田钻井队打的井。
（一般在外油田打：包括集团内、集团外）集团公司内：外部单位（本集团内，外油田）投资，本油田钻井队打的井。
（一般在外油田打）集团公司外：外部单位（本集团外，外油田）投资，本油田钻井队打的井。
（一般在外油田打：包括反承包或国外承包）国内反承包：本油田钻井队在国内承钻，国外作业者参与投资的井。
（国外投资，在国内打）国外承包：本油田钻井队打的国外承包的井。
（国外投资，在国外打）2．资金来源：主业、自筹3．海上钻井、陆上钻井海上钻井、陆上钻井：按照钻井的地域划分，可以分为陆地井和海上井两种类型（1）陆地井：是指在陆地范围内所钻的井，包括在湖泊和沼泽地区的钻井。
（2）海上井：是指在海洋范围内所钻的井，海上井按海水深浅又可分为海洋井和浅海井。
（参考： SY/T 5313—93 钻井工程术语P2）海洋井：是指在水深超过5米的海域内所钻的井。
浅海井：是指在水深5米以内（含5米）的海域所钻的井，包括在海滩、滩涂和潮汐波及区内所钻的井。
4．井别（参考： SY/T 5313—93 钻井工程术语P1）井别：按照钻井的地质设计目的，可以分为探井和开发井两大类。
（1）探井：是指为查明地层及油（气）藏情况所钻的井，包括地层探井、预测井、详探井和地质浅井等。
①地层探井（参数井、基准井）：是指以了解构造的地层年代、岩性、厚度、生储盖层组合等，并为地球物理解释提供各种参数为目的所钻的探井。
②预探井（1980年以前称探井）：是指在地震详查和地质综合研究后所确定的有利圈闭上，以发现油气藏为目的所钻的探井，以及在已知的油（气）田上，以发现未知的新油气藏为目的所钻的探井。
钻井工程术语大全
钻井工程术语大全Terms of well drilling engineering目录1 主题内容与适用范围--------------------------02页2 钻井总论------------------------------------02页3 岩石的物理机械性质及可钻性------------------03页4 钻前工程------------------------------------06页5 钻头选择和使用------------------------------08页6 钻柱、钻井工具及仪表------------------------09页7 钻井工艺------------------------------------12页8 喷射钻井------------------------------------14页9 优化钻井技术--------------------------------18页10 定向钻井-----------------------------------20页11 取心钻井-----------------------------------23页12 钻井液及完井液-----------------------------25页13 油气井压力控制-----------------------------30页14 钻井事故及处理-----------------------------33页15 固井与完井---------------------------------37页16 钻井新方法---------------------------------45页17 石油钻井技术经济---------------------------45页中华人民共和国石油天然气行业标准钻井工程术语 SY/T 5313-93Terms of well drilling engineering1 主题内容与适用范围本标准规定了石油钻井工程专用的术语。
钻井工程常用术语
钻井工程常用名词术语钻井总论钻井drilling 钻井方法drilling method 顿钻钻井cable drilling杆式顿钻rod tool drilling 绳式顿钻cable tool drilling轻便钻井portable drilling 直井straight hole 深井deep well超深井super deep well 地热井geothermal well热采井thermal production well 工程井engineering rejection well 工程报废井abandoned well 弃井abandoned well钻井设计well design 钻井质量drilling quality岩石的物理机械性质physical-mechanical properties of rock矿物的微硬度micro-hardness of rook肖氏岩石硬度Shores hardness 史氏岩石硬度Shi’s hardness 矿物的弹性模量elastic modulus of mineral岩石的弹性模量elastic modulus of rock矿物的泊松比Poissons ratio mineral岩石的泊松比Poissons ratio rock矿物的切变模量shear modulus of mineral岩石的切变模量shear modulus of rock矿物和岩石的体积压缩模量bulk compressibility mineral and rock 岩石的体积压缩系数coefficient of bulk compressibility mineral and rock岩石的抗拉伸强度tensile strength of rock岩石的直接拉伸试验direct tensile test of rock岩石的巴西劈裂拉伸实验Brazilian test of rock·岩石的筒形抗内压胀裂试验burst test of hollow cyling by internal pressure岩石的常规抗压缩强度compressive strength of rock岩石的抗剪切强度shear strength of rock岩石的抗剪切强度试验shear test of rock岩石的三轴强度试验tri-axial test of rock岩石的常规三轴试验ordinary tri-axial test of rock岩石的真三轴试验true tri—axial test of rock脆性岩石brittle rock 塑性岩石plastic rock岩石的假塑性破坏pseudo-plastic breakage of rock岩石塑性系数coefficient of plasticity of rock岩石的脆塑性转变压力（临界压力）brittle plastic transitional pressure of rock岩石的库仑纳维尔强度准则Conlomb-Navier strength criterion of rock 岩石的内磨擦角和内磨擦系数angle of interal friction and coefficient of interal friction of rock岩石的莫尔强度准则Mohr strength criterion of rock岩石的格里菲斯脆性破坏准则Griffith criterion of brittle failure of rock统计强度理论statistical strength theory岩石的表面破碎surface fracture of rock岩石的疲劳破碎fatigue fracture of rock岩石的体积破碎volumetric fracture of rock岩石的单位体积破碎pecific volumetric fracture work of rock地应力in situ stress岩层的水平测向应力horizontal stress of strata测向系数coefficient of lateral pressure围压confining pressure 有效应力effective stress压持效应chip hold effect 岩石硬度减低剂rock hardness reducer岩石的可钻性drill ability of rock 岩石的研磨性rock abrasiveness钻具drilling tool 钻柱drill stem 复合钻柱combination string满眼钻柱packed hole assembly 踏式钻铤组合tapered drill collar string 钟摆钻具pendulum assembly 偏重钻铤unbalanced drill collar钻柱弯曲buckling of drill string钻具的扭转震动twisting vibration of drill string钻杆疲劳破坏fatigue-failure of drill string 上紧矩make-up torque应力减轻槽stress-relief groove 减震器vibration dampener稳定器stabilizer 井眼大扩器reamer 钻井液drilling fluids水基钻井液water-base drilling fluids淡水钻井液fresh-water drilling fluids低固相钻井液low solids fluids低固相不分散钻井液low solids non-dispersed polymer drilling fluids抑制性钻井液inhibitive drilling fluids盐水钻井液salt-water drilling fluids饱和盐水钻井液saturated salt-water drilling fluids钙处理钻井液calcium treated drilling fluids钾盐钻井液potassium drilling fluids混油钻井液oil-emulsion drilling fluids生物聚合物钻井液biodegrability drilling fluids油基钻井液oil base drilling fluids反相乳化钻井液invert—emulsion drilling fluids平衡活度钻井液balanced activity drilling fluids泡沫钻井液foam drilling fluids 密闭液sealing fluids完井液completion fluids 封隔夜packer fluids解卡浸泡液stuck freeing spotting fluids钻井液性能properties of drilling fluids滤失filtration API滤失量API filtration高温高压滤失量high temperature and high pressure filtration动滤失量dynamic filtration 滤饼filter cake 含砂量sand content 钻井液固相含量solids content in drilling fluids亚甲基兰实验methylene blue test石灰含量lime content estimation钻井液的酚酞碱度P m alkalinity 滤液酚酞碱度P t alkalinity 滤液甲基橙碱度M f alkalinity 造浆率yield破乳电压emulsion—breaking voltage钻井液流变性drilling fluids rheology 漏斗粘度funnel viscosity触变性thixotropic behavior 静切力gel strength初切力initial gel strength 终切力10-minuto gel strength 剪切降粘特性shear-thinning behavior钻井液受污染contamination of drilling fluids粘土侵clay contamination 盐侵salt contamination盐水侵salt water contamination 钙侵calcium contamination砂侵sand contamination 水侵water contamination气侵gas contamination 钻井液处理剂mud additives 降失水剂filtrate or reduction agents 增粘剂thickening agent膨润土增效剂agents of increasing bentonite降粘剂thinning agents 加重剂weighting agents堵漏剂lost circulation materials 水敏性页岩water-sensitive shale 膨润土的预水化pre—hydrated bentonite 固相控制solid control 钻屑cutting 砂sand 泥silt 胶体颗粒colloidal solids 钻进drilling 钻进技术drilling technology钻进技术参数drilling parameters 钻压weight on bit悬重和钻重string suspending weight and drilling weight转速rpm—revolution per minute 排量rate of flow零轴向点zero axial stress point 中性点neutral point开钻spud in 完钻finishing drilling 送钻bit feed方余和方入kelly-up and kelly-in 进尺footage机械钻速penetration rate 鳖钻bit bouncing 跳钻bit jumping干钻drilling at circulation break 打倒车reverse rotation table钻头泥包bit balling 划眼redressing 扩眼reamin1放空drilling break 吊打easing the bit in 纠斜hole straightening 侧钻sidetracking 单根single 双根double立根stand 接单根king a connection 起下钻trips知起下钻short tripping 活动钻具move the drill string上卸扣make up and break out 换钻头change bit鼠洞rat hole 小鼠洞mouse hole 喷射钻井jet—bit drilling射流jet flow 冲击射流impact jet flow 汽蚀射流·cavitation jet 射流扩散角和扩散系数spread angle and spread coefficient of jet射流等速·patential core of jet 漫流cross flow 射流喷速jet velocity 射流速度降低系数decreasing coefficient of jet velocity射流动压力dynamic pressure of jet flow射流压力降低系数coefficient of jet-flow pressure drop射流冲击力jet impact force 射流水功率jet hydraulic-power喷射距离jet length 清洗井底bottom-hole cleaning钻头压降bit pressure—drop 钻头水功率bit hydraulic horse-power 喷嘴nozzle 等变速喷嘴nozzle with iso-variable velocity流线形喷嘴streamline nozzle 喷嘴流量系数nozzle orifico coefficient 钻井液循环系统drilling fluids circulating system钻井液流态flow pattern 平板层流flat plate laminar flowZ值Z-value 喷射钻井的工作方式The working regime of jet drilling 最大钻头水功率工作方式The regime of the maximum bit hydra—ulic horse-power最大射流冲击力方式the regime of the maximum jet-impact force最大射流喷速工作方式The regime of the maximum jet velocity经济水功率工作方式the regime of the economic hydraulic horse-power jet bit 喷射式钻头optimum rate of mud flow 最优喷嘴直径optimum nozzlo diameter临界井深和极限井深critical well depth and limited well depth钻井泵的工作状态the working regime of drilling pump钻井泵的最大排工作状态（额定工作功率工作状态）the maximum flow rate regime of the drilling pump (the rated power regime of the drilling pump)钻井泵的调节排量工作状态（允许压力工作状态）the regulated flow rate regime of the drilling pump（the rated power regime of the drilling pump）携带岩屑cutting carrying 岩屑运移比cutting transport ratio环空岩屑浓度solid concentration in annular space钻井泵效率rate of utilized power of the drilling pump钻井泵水功济利用率rate of utilized hydraulic power of the drilling pump优化钻井技术optimum drilling technology 控制井control well钻井可控参数controllable drilling variables钻井不可控参数non controllable drilling variables钻井目标函数(钻井泛函）objective function of drilling procedure钻进过程的数学模型mathematical model for drilling procedure钻速方程equation for drilling rate二元钻速方程drilling rate equation in two variables多元钻速方程multi-variable drilling rate equation最大允许钻压maximum allowable weight on bit最优钻压optimum weight on bit 钻速系数factor of penetration rate 地层研磨性系数factor of formation abrasiveness牙齿磨损系数tooth wear coefficient轴承工作系数working coefficient of bearing五点法钻速试验“five spot” drill-off test井下动力钻井hole bottom power drilling涡轮钻井turbo—drilling 涡轮钻具turbo—drill 电动钻具electric drill螺杆钻具positive displacement motor涡轮工作特性characteristics of turbine涡轮的水力载荷hydraulic load on turbo-drill涡轮钻具井底工作特性hole-bottom working characteristics ofturbo-drill涡轮钻具最优工作区optimized working zone of turbo—drill涡轮钻具合理转速optimum revolution of turbo-drill涡轮钻具最优排量optimum capacity of turbo-drill涡轮不稳定工作区unstable working range turbo—drill有效钻压effective bit-weight涡轮钻具井底功率传递系数transfer coefficient of bottom hole power of turbo—drill涡轮钻具特性系数characteristic coefficient of turbo-drill涡轮的水力效率hydraulic efficiency of turbo-drill涡轮钻具合理钻进深度optimum drill depth of turbo—drill涡轮-泵组联合特性combined characteristics of turbo-drill—pump涡轮钻具轴向间隙的调节axial clearance regulation of turbo—drill钻具滤清器drill pipe filter 启动阀starter gate valve低速大扭矩涡轮钻具love-speed high-torque turbo—drill复式涡轮钻具compound turbo-drill定向井directional well 定向要素directional elements井斜角inclination 方位角azimuth 井斜变化率rate of inclination change方位变化率rate of azimuth change 井眼曲率hole curvature垂深和测深vertical depth and measured 水平投影长度hole deviation 水平位移displacement or closure distance 多底井multi—bore well 水平井horizontal well 丛式井cluster well or multiple wells救除井relief well 双筒井dual wells套管开窗starting window on casing 造斜deflecting or building angle 增斜increasing hole angle or build—up hole angle降斜decreasing hole angle or build—off hole angle稳斜maintain angle井身垂直投影图vertical projection of borehole井身水平投影图horizontal projection of borehole正切法tangential method 平衡正切法balanced tangential method 平均角法average angle method曲率半径法radius of curvature method 圆弧法arc method 最小曲率法minimum curvature method圆柱螺线法cylinder helix method 悬链线轨迹·catenary shape profile 控制圆柱control cylinder 造斜工具deflecting tool槽式变向器whip-stock 短涡轮short turbo-drill钻铤造斜短节short bent collar 涡轮偏心短节turbo—eccentric sub 复式弯涡轮bent multi—turbo—drill水力斜接头hydraulic bent sub Dyna—flex 瓦片变向器rebel tool 造斜工具面tool face 造斜率rate of over—all angle change井眼方位漂移walk of hole 装置角tool of rotation工具面角tool face azimuth 动力钻具反扭角reactive torque定向方位角tool face bearing or tool face setting磁偏角magnetic declination 随钻测量measurement while drill(MWD)单点测斜仪single shot instrument多点测斜仪multi-shot instrument陀螺测斜仪gyroscopic instrument 定向orientation定向下钻orientation while going in hole磁力定向法magnetic orientation method斜口管鞋定向法mule-shoe orientation method取心coring 岩心core 岩心收获率recovery of core取心方法coring method局部反循环取心coring with local inverse circulation长筒取心core drilling with long core barrel密闭取心sealing core drilling保压取心core drilling with keeping formation pressure定向取心orientation coring 绳索取心wire line coring取心工具coring tools 岩心筒core barrel单筒式岩心筒single type core barrel双筒式岩心筒core barrel of double tube swivel type内岩心筒inside core barrel 外岩心筒outside core barrel喷射式岩心筒core barrel of jet type 取心钻头coring bit牙轮取心钻头coring cone bit 金钢石取心钻头diamond coring bit硬质合金取心钻头hard metal coring bit 涡轮取心钻头turbo—core bit 涡轮取心钻具turbo—core drill 岩心爪core gripper卡瓦式岩心爪core gripper with slip卡簧式岩心爪core gripper with slip-spring板簧式岩心爪卡core gripper with slip—spider箍式岩心爪core gripper with slip-collar割取岩心core breaking机械加压割心法core breaking by mechanical loading投球割心core breaking by hydraulic pressure投砂割心core breaking by pumping down顶岩心core extracting各种压力概念concept of pressure 静液压力hydrostatic pressure钻井液压力drilling fluid column pressure孔隙压力pore pressure （formation pressure)上覆岩层压力overburden pressure 颗粒压力grain to grain pressure 压力梯度pressure gradient 压力监控pressure detection and control 异常压力及其形成abnormal pressure and it’s formation压力异常abnormal pressure 压实作用compaction欠压实imcompaction 不渗透围栅·permeabillity barrier快速沉积rapid deposition构造型异常高压structural abnormal pressure 地层压力检测方法method of formation pressure detection地震资料法seismic data method机械钻速法penetration rate method d指数法d-exponent method dc指数法dc-exponent method标准化钻速法normalized penetration rate页岩密度法shale density溢流观测法take a kick 天然气录井检测法gas logging氯化物检测法chloride log 钻井液录井法drilling fluid log返出钻井液温度检测法flow—line temperature化石资料法paleo—information 地球物理检测法wire-line logs中途测试drill—stem testing 完井测试well completing test综合录井仪computerlized apply drilling technology地层破裂压力formation fracture pressure地层破裂压力预报方法formation fracture pressure prediction漏失试验法leak-off test胡伯特-威利斯法Hubbert and Willis approach马修斯—凯利法method of Matthews and Kelly伊顿法method of Eaton 安德森法Anderson’s method艾克斯劳格法Exlog method 黄荣樽法Huang’s method地层井眼系统的压力平衡balance of formation—borehole system地层压力当量钻井液密度equivalent drilling fluid density钻井液当量循环密度equivalent circulating density附加压力当量钻井液密度additional pressure equivalent density当量深度equivalent depth 钻柱排代量drilling fluid displacement 波动压力（激动压力）surge pressure 抽汲压力swabbing pressure 气体上窜gas channeling天然气偏差因子the coefficient of gas compressibility溢流overflow 井涌kick 井喷well blowout地下井喷underground blowout 井喷失控out of control for blowout 循环池液体增量pit gain 压力过渡带pressure transition zone 压井killing well 关井closing well 硬关井hard closing软关井soft closing 压井方法killing well method工程师法(等待加重量法）engineer’s method司钻法（二次循环法）driller's method边加重边循环法concurrent method 空井压井empty well control 置换式压井法(顶部压井法）displacement method反循环inverse circulating 循环周circulating circle节流循环circulating with choke防喷设备和工具blowout prevention tools and equipments防溢管·bellnipple 钻井液流量计drilling fluid flowing indicator 泵冲数计pump-stroke counter钻井液液面指示器pit—volume indicator真空除气器·vacum degasser 硫化氢监测仪H2s detector井控模拟装置well control simulator井喷失控的处理well blowout control 抢装井口installing wellhead 扣装法抢装井口buckling—up—installing wellhead翻转法抢装井口turning-up-installing wellhead整体吊装法抢装井口whole hanging method for installing wellhead带帽子压井法·hatting kill well method下封隔器压井killing well with packer method换井口套管casing replacing 灭火extinguishing喷射水流灭火法jet fire extinguishing method爆炸灭火法explosion method 灭火剂extinguisher固井well cementing 套管程序casing program 导管conductor表层套管surface casing 技术套管intermediate casing strings生产套管production casing 套管柱casing string套管柱下部结构casing accessories 引鞋guiding shoe套管鞋casing shoe 套管扶正器·centralizer 泥饼刷·wall scratcher 浮籀float collar 套管承托环cement baffle collar 旋流短节vortex sub 浮鞋cementing float collar 水泥伞cementing basket注水泥胶塞cementing plugs 通径规drift diameter gauge套管的外载荷outside casing load 套管内压力burst套管外挤压力collapse pressure 套管轴向力axial load套管强度casing strength 套管抗挤强度collapse resistance套管抗拉强度tensile resistance 套管抗内压强度burst resistance下套管running casing 活动套管moving casing预应力preceding stress 人工井底artificial bottom of a well磁性定位短节magnetic locator sub固井工具与设备tools and equipments for running casing and cementing 套管吊钳casing tong 套管吊卡casing elevator卡盘casing spider 联顶节top connecting collar水泥头connect head 水泥车connecting truck井口装置wellhead equipment 注水泥？connect油井水泥oil well connecting 低密度水泥light weight connect膨润土水泥·bentonite connect 速凝水泥accelerated cement膨胀水泥expansion cement 纤维质水泥fiber cement树脂水泥(浆)resin cement 油基水泥（浆)diesel—oil cement橡胶水泥（浆)latex cement 酸溶性水泥acid dissoluble cement石膏水泥混合物·gypsam cement 火山灰水泥·pozzolan cement 抗盐水泥salt-resisting cement双凝水泥浆separable setting cement slurry冷井水泥和热井水泥ordinary and hot cementAPI水泥分级API cement classification水泥浆性能及其调节cement properties and adjustments of them稠度仪consist-meter 水泥浆流动性mobility of slurry水泥浆密度slurry density 水泥浆滤失量slurry filtration出口温度井底温度和循环温度flow—line temperature bottom temperature and circulation temperature水泥浆失重losing weight slurry 水泥石强度cement strength水泥石渗透性permeability of set cement水泥石的射孔性perforating quality 水泥浆外加剂cement additive 速凝剂accelerator 缓凝剂retardant 减阻剂friction reducer降密度剂light weight additive 降失水量filtrate reducer水泥浆加重剂heavy weight additive 隔离液spacer fluid前置液ahead fluid 尾随液tail fluid 注水泥方法cementing methods 常规注水泥法typical primary cementing双级注水泥法two stage cementing插入注水泥法inner pipe cementing 多管注水泥法·multi-plezone completion cementing打水泥塞cementing plug平衡法打水泥塞balance method for cementing plug倾筒法打水泥塞dump bailer method 挤水泥squeeze method井口挤水泥法·braden head squeeze method封隔器挤水泥法squeeze packer method高压挤水泥法high—pressure squeeze method低压挤水泥法low-pressure squeeze method尾管固井drilling liner cementing 尾管悬挂器drilling liner hanger 窜槽cement channeling 完井方法completion methods裸眼完井法open hole completion先期裸眼完井法initial open hole completion后期裸眼完井法final open hole completion射孔完井法perforation completion单管射孔完井法single pipe perforation completion多管射孔完井法multiple pipe perforation completion无油管完井法·tubingless completion永久完井法permanent completion无封隔器单层永久完井法single pipe permanent completion without packer单封隔器永久完井法permanent completion with single packer封隔器射孔完井法permanent completion with packer负压射孔perforating with negative pressure过油管射孔perforating through tubing贯眼完成法perforated pipe completion衬管完井法liner perforation completion砾石充填完井法gravel packer completion深井完井法deep hole completion高含硫气井完井法high H2s gas well completion地层损害程度formation damage degree地层损害带formation damage zone水动力学程度不完善井hydrodynamic degree incompleteness well水动力学性质不完善井油井hydrodynamic property incompletion well 完善系数well completeness factor 损害比damage ratio趋肤效应shin effect 开采比production ratio损害系数damage factor 完井系数completion factor钻井设备drilling equipment 设备安装rig up钻前工作preliminary work for spudding 井场布置layout平井场levelling 圆井cellar 基础ground foundation base活动基墩removable foundation 井架安装derrick installation扒杆gin pole 井架安装绞车winch 穿钢丝绳string up死绳固定器dead line anchor 设备校正alignment井口找中center for well 整体搬迁skidding the rig成组安装package installation 泥浆管汇mud pipeline猫头绳cat-line 高悬猫头绳drill rope大钳尾绳safety line 大门绷绳front guy（lines)井架绷绳derrick guy 接链器chain spanner钻井数据系统drilling data system钻井数据采集装置drilling data acquisition钻井数据实时处理装置drilling data processing钻井数据库drilling data base 钻井信息drilling information钻井参数传感装置drilling parameter sensing unit指重表传感器weight sensor 进尺传感器drilling footage sensor转盘扭矩传感器rotary table torque sensor转盘转速传感器R.P.M sensor for rotary table大钳扭矩传感器torque sensor for tong 泵速传感器pump rate sensor 钻井液密度传感器drilling fluid weight sensor钻井液液面传感器mud pit level sensor钻井液流动传感器drilling fluid flow sensor钻井液温度传感器drilling fluid temperature sensor钻井液电导传感器drilling fluid conductivity sensor 录井logging 钻井液录井drilling fluid logging岩样录井·lithologic logging 气测录井gas—logging钻速录井penetration rata logging 综合录井compound logging巡回检测cyclic detection 泵压表pressure gage钻具事故drilling pipe and tools accident 顿钻drill string free fall 溜钻drill string not well braked 断钻具drilling pipe breaking落鱼fish 落物junks 打捞作业fishing 打捞筒overshot打捞杯fishing cup 反循环打捞篮junk basket with reverse circulation 壁钩wall hook 铅印模lead stamp 一把抓catchall 铣鞋mill shoe 钻杆外割刀external cutter 活动肘节knuckle倒扣捞矛left hand fishing spear 弯钻杆bend drill pipe尖钻头tip bit 卡钻drill pipe sticking 砂桥卡钻sand bridging键槽卡钻key seating 压差卡钻differential sticking地层膨胀卡钻formation swelling sticking地层坍塌卡钻formation collapse sticking钻头泥包卡钻balling—up sticking 卡点sticking point解卡工具releasing tools 震击器bumper 下击器bumper jar上击器top jar 地面下击器surface bumper jar 千斤顶jack爆炸松扣break—outing pack of dynamite测卡仪sticking-point—instrument 解卡方法releasing method震击解卡法releasing stuck tamping油浴解卡法releasing stuck by pump oil into the annuls酸浴解卡法releasing stuck by acidding割铣解卡法releasing stuck by cutting套铣解卡法milling and breakout爆炸解卡法explosion releasing method 跳槽·netch jumping粘扣thread gluing 滑扣thread slipping 脱扣thread off错扣thread alternating 对扣make—up 造扣thread making顶天车crashing into the crown 磨蚀钻井abrasive cutting drill弹丸钻井bullet—shot drill 电火花钻井electric spark drill超声波钻井supersonic wave drill 火焰钻井flame-jet drill电加热钻井electric heating drill 原子能钻井atomic energy drill 电弧钻井electric arc drill 等离子钻井plasma jet drill电子束钻井electron-beam drill 激光钻井laser drill化学腐蚀钻井chemical erosion drill钻井技术经济指标tech—economic indication of drilling开钻井口数spudding well number 完钻井口数drilled well number 完成井口数completed well number 钻井进尺drilling footage取心进尺coring footage井身质量合格率well bore quality qualified ratio油层固井合格率oil reservoir well quality qualified ratio钻井工程报废drilling engineering abandonment报废井段abandoned range报废进尺abandoned footage钻机利用率rate rig utilization钻机台月rigs per unity month建井周期台月construction cycle per unity month纯钻井时间reciprocating time钻机月速度monthly drilling rate周期钻速periodic drilling rate纯钻速rate of penetration行程钻速drilling rate of a trip建井周期construction cycle完成井平均建井周期average construction of completed well完成井平均井深average well depth of completed well完成井平均进尺average bit drilling footage of completed well 钻井时效分析drilling prescription analysis进尺工作时间footage working time固井工作时间cementing working time辅助工作时间service working time事故损失时间accident losing time修理时间repairing time组织停工损失时间management down time loss处理复杂情况时间problem handling time生产时间率production per cent age纯钻进时间率reciprocating time ratio每钻机台月耗柴油量diesel consumption per rig—month每钻机台月耗机油量oil consumption per rig-month钻井工程成本cost of drilling engineering石油工程作业英语These are various parameters displayed in the comprehensive mud logging unit（CMLU)。
钻井工程专业术语
钻井工程专业术语1、井：以勘探开发石油和天然气为目的的，在地层中钻出的具有一定深度的圆柱形孔眼。
2、井口：井的开口端。
3、井底：井的底端。
4、裸眼：未下套管部分的井段。
5、井深：从转盘补心面至井底的深度。
6、井壁：井眼的圆柱形表面。
7、环空：井中下有管柱时，井壁与管柱或管柱与管柱之间的圆环形截面的柱状空间。
8、井眼轴线：井眼的中心线。
9、井身结构：指的是钻头钻深、相应井段的钻头直径、下入的套管层数、直径及深度、各层套管外的水泥返高以及人工井底等。
10、人工井底：设计的最下部油层下的阻流环或水泥塞面。
(注：该定义不全面，人工井底是可变的)11、井的类别：按一定依据划分的井的总类。
按钻井的目的可分为探井和开发井等；按完钻后的井深可分为浅井(<1200m)、中深井(1200～3000m)、深井(3000～5000m)和超深井(>5000m)；按井眼轴线形状可分为直井和定向井。
12、探井：指以了解地层的时代、岩性、厚度、生储盖的组合和区域地质构造，地质剖面局部构造为目的，或在确定的有利圈闭上和已发现油气的圈闭上，以发现油气藏、进一步探明含油气边界和储量以及了解油气层结构为目的所钻的各种井，包括地层探井、预探井、详探井和地质浅井。
13、开发井：指为开发油气田所钻的各种采油采气井、注水注气井，或在已开发油气田内，为保持一定的产量并研究开发过程中地下情况的变化所钻的调整井、补充井、扩边井、检查资料井等。
14、直井：井眼轴线大体沿铅垂方向，其井斜角、井底水平位移和全角变化率均在限定范围内的井。
15、定向井：沿着预先设计的井眼轨道，按既定的方向偏离井口垂线一定距离，钻达目标的井。
16、丛式井：在一个井场上或一个钻井平台上，有计划地钻出两口或两口以上的定向井(可含一口直井)。
17、救援井：为抢救某一口井喷、着火的井而设计、施工的定向井。
18、多底井：一个井口下面有两个或两个以上井底的定向井。
19、大斜度井：最大井斜角在60°～86°的定向井。
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钻井工程专业术语1、井：以勘探开发石油和天然气为目的的，在地层中钻出的具有一定深度的圆柱形孔眼。
2、井口：井的开口端。
3、井底：井的底端。
4、裸眼：未下套管部分的井段。
5、井深：从转盘补心面至井底的深度。
6、井壁：井眼的圆柱形表面。
7、环空：井中下有管柱时，井壁与管柱或管柱与管柱之间的圆环形截面的柱状空间。
8、井眼轴线：井眼的中心线。
9、井身结构：指的是钻头钻深、相应井段的钻头直径、下入的套管层数、直径及深度、各层套管外的水泥返高以及人工井底等。
10、人工井底：设计的最下部油层下的阻流环或水泥塞面。
(注：该定义不全面，人工井底是可变的)11、井的类别：按一定依据划分的井的总类。
按钻井的目的可分为探井和开发井等；按完钻后的井深可分为浅井(<1200m)、中深井(1200～3000m)、深井(3000～5000m)和超深井(>5000m)；按井眼轴线形状可分为直井和定向井。
12、探井：指以了解地层的时代、岩性、厚度、生储盖的组合和区域地质构造，地质剖面局部构造为目的，或在确定的有利圈闭上和已发现油气的圈闭上，以发现油气藏、进一步探明含油气边界和储量以及了解油气层结构为目的所钻的各种井，包括地层探井、预探井、详探井和地质浅井。
13、开发井：指为开发油气田所钻的各种采油采气井、注水注气井，或在已开发油气田内，为保持一定的产量并研究开发过程中地下情况的变化所钻的调整井、补充井、扩边井、检查资料井等。
14、直井：井眼轴线大体沿铅垂方向，其井斜角、井底水平位移和全角变化率均在限定范围内的井。
15、定向井：沿着预先设计的井眼轨道，按既定的方向偏离井口垂线一定距离，钻达目标的井。
16、丛式井：在一个井场上或一个钻井平台上，有计划地钻出两口或两口以上的定向井(可含一口直井)。
17、救援井：为抢救某一口井喷、着火的井而设计、施工的定向井。
18、多底井：一个井口下面有两个或两个以上井底的定向井。
19、大斜度井：最大井斜角在60°～86°的定向井。
20、水平井：井斜角大于或等于86°，并保持这种角度钻完一定长度的水平段的定向井。
21、钻井工序：指钻井工艺过程的各个组成部分。
一般包括钻前准备、钻进、取心、中途测试、测井、固井和完井等。
22、套补距：套管头上端面与转盘补心面之间的距离。
23、油补距：油管头上端面与转盘补心面之间的距离。
24、井场：钻井施工必需的作业场地。
25、圆井：为便于安装井控装置开挖的圆或方形井。
26、小鼠洞：位于井口的正前方，用于预先放置钻杆单根的洞，以加快接单根操作。
27、(大)鼠洞：当不使用方钻杆而从大钩上卸下时，用于放置方钻杆和水龙头的洞，位于钻台左前方井架大腿与井口的连线上。
28、钻台：装于井架底座上，作为钻工作业的场所。
29、钻具：井下钻井工具的简称。
一般来说，它是指方钻杆、钻杆、钻铤、接头、稳定器、井眼扩大器、减振器、钻头以及其它井下工具等。
30、方钻杆：用高级合金钢制成的，截面外形呈四方形或六方形而内为圆孔的厚壁管子。
两端有连接螺纹。
主要用于传递扭矩和承受钻柱的重量。
31、钻杆：用高级合金钢制成的无缝钢管。
两端有接头。
用于加深井眼，传递扭矩，并形成钻井液循环的通道。
可分为内平钻杆、管眼钻杆和正规钻杆。
32、钻铤：用高级合金钢制成的厚壁无缝钢管。
两端有连接螺纹，其壁厚一般为钻杆的4～6倍。
主要用作给钻头施加钻压，传递扭矩，并形成钻井液循环的通道。
33、接头：用以连接、保护钻具的短节。
34、钻具组合(钻具配合)：指组成一口井钻柱的各钻井工具的选择和连接。
35、下部钻具组合：指最下部一段钻柱的组成。
36、钻柱：是指自水龙头以下钻头以上钻具管串的总称。
由方钻杆、钻杆、钻铤、接头、稳定器等钻具所组成。
37、(刚性)满眼钻具：由外径接近于钻头直径的多个稳定器和大尺寸钻铤组成的下部钻具组合。
用于防斜稳斜。
38、塔式钻具：由直径不同的几种钻铤组成的上小下大的下部钻具组合。
用于防止井斜。
39、钟摆钻具：在已斜井眼中，钻头以上，切点以下的一段钻铤犹如一个“钟摆”，钻头在这段钻铤的重力的横向分力——即钟摆力作用下，靠向并切削下侧井壁，从而起到减小井斜角的作用。
运用这个原理组合的下部钻具组合称钟摆钻具。
40、井下三器：指稳定器、减振器和震击器。
41、稳定器：一种中间局部外径加大、具有控制稳定钻具轴线作用的下部钻具组合的工具。
结构上分为直、螺旋和辊子三种形式。
42、减振器：一种安装在钻柱上的，能吸收来自井底产生的垂直和旋转振动的工具。
43、震击器：能产生向上或向下冲击震动的工具。
44、井口工具：钻台上用于井口操作的工具。
包括大钳(吊钳)、吊卡、卡瓦、安全卡瓦、提升短节、钻头装卸器、旋接器等。
45、指重表：反映大钩上载荷变化情况的仪表，它可显示悬重、钻重和钻压。
46、钻进：使用一定的破岩工具，不断地破碎井底岩石，加深井眼的过程。
47、钻进参数：是指钻进过程中可控制的参数，主要包括钻压、转速、钻井液性能、流量、泵压及其他水力参数。
48、钻压：钻进时施加于钻头上的沿井眼前进方向上的力。
49、悬重和钻重：在充满钻井液的井内，钻柱在悬吊状态下指重表所指轴向载荷称为悬重(即钻柱重力减去浮力)；钻柱在钻进状态下指重表所指的轴向载荷称为钻重。
悬重与钻重的差值即钻压。
50、转速：指钻头的旋转速度，通常以转每分钟为单位。
51、流量(排量)：单位时间内通过泵的排出口的液体量。
通常以升每秒为单位。
52、开钻：指下入导管或各层套管后第一只钻头开始钻进的统称，并依次称为第一次开钻，第二次开钻……。
53、完钻：指全井钻进阶段的结束。
54、送钻：钻进时，随着井眼不断加深，钻柱不断下放，始终保持给钻头施加一定的钻压的过程。
55、方入和方余：在钻进过程中，方钻杆在转盘补心面以下的长度称为方入；在补心面以上的方钻杆有效长度称为方余。
56、进尺：钻头钻进的累计长度。
57、机械钻速：钻头在单位时间内钻进的长度。
通常以米每小时为单位。
58、钻时：钻进单位进尺所用的时间。
通常以分钟每米为单位。
59、划眼：在已钻井眼内为了修整井壁，清除附在井壁上的杂物，使井眼畅通无阻，边循环边旋转下放或上提钻柱的过程。
分正划眼和倒划眼。
60、扩眼：用扩眼钻头扩大井眼直径的过程。
61、蹩钻：在钻进中钻头所受力矩不均，转盘转动异常的现象。
62、跳钻：钻进中钻头在井底工作不平稳使钻柱产生明显纵向振动的现象。
63、停钻：停止钻进。
64、顿钻：钻柱失控顿到井底或其它受阻位置的现象。
65、溜钻：钻进中送钻不均或失控而使钻柱下滑，出现瞬时过大钻压的现象。
66、打倒车：蹩钻严重时转盘发生倒转的现象。
67、通井：向井内下入带有通井接头或钻头的钻柱，使井眼保持畅通的作业。
68、放空：钻进中钻柱能无阻地送入一定长度的现象。
69、吊打：在钻头上施加很小的钻压钻进的过程。
70、纠斜：当井斜超过规定的限度时，采取措施使井斜角纠正到规定限度内的过程。
71、钻水泥塞：将注水泥或打水泥塞后留在套管或井眼内的凝固水泥钻掉的过程。
72、缩径：井眼因井壁岩石膨胀等而使井径变小的现象。
73、井径扩大：井眼因井壁岩石坍塌等而使井径变大的现象。
74、单根：指一根钻杆。
75、双根：指连成一体的两根钻杆。
76、立根(立柱)：起钻时卸成一定长度，能立在钻台的钻杆盒上的一柱钻柱。
一般为三根钻杆。
77、吊单根：将钻杆单根吊起放入小鼠洞内的操作。
78、接单根：当钻完方钻杆的有效长度时，将一根钻杆接到井内钻柱上使之加长的操作。
79、起下钻：将井下的钻柱从井眼内起出来，称为起钻。
将钻具下到井眼内称为下钻。
整个过程称为起下钻。
80、短起下钻：在钻进过程中，起出若干立柱钻杆，再将它们下入井内的作业。
81、活动钻具：在钻井作业中，有时上提、下放或旋转钻柱的过程。
82、甩钻具：将钻柱卸开成单根拉下钻台。
83、换钻头：通过起下钻更换钻头的作业。
84、灌钻井液：在起钻、下套管或井漏时向井内或套管内泵入钻井液，以保持井内充满。
85、钻头行程：一只钻头从下入井内到起出为一行程。
86、循环钻井液：开泵将钻井液通过循环系统进行循环。
87、循环周：钻井液从井口泵入至井口返出所需的时间。
88、靶心：由地质设计确定的定向井地下坐标点。
89、靶区：允许实钻井眼轴线进入目的层时偏离设计靶心的规定范围。
90、靶区半径：靶区圆的半径。
91、造斜点：定向造斜起始的井深处。
92、造斜：利用造斜工具钻出一定方位的斜井段的工艺过程。
93、增斜：使井斜角不断增加的工艺过程。
94、降斜：使井斜角不断减小的工艺过程。
95、稳斜：使井斜角保持不变的工艺过程。
96、造斜工具：用于改变和控制井斜和方位的井下工具。
97、弯接头：一种与井底动力钻具配合，用于定向造斜的井下工具。
外形为一个轴线弯曲的厚壁接头，其公螺纹轴线与母螺纹轴线有一夹角，该角一般为1°～3°。
98、井底动力钻具(井底马达)：装在井下钻具底部驱动钻头转动的动力机。
99、涡轮钻具：把钻井液的水力能经过叶轮转换成机械能的动力钻具。
100、螺杆钻具：把钻井液的水力能经过螺杆机构转换成机械能的动力钻具101、定向接头：一种用于标记造斜工具面的接头。
102、无磁钻铤：由导磁率近似于1的合金材料制成的钻铤。
103、定向要素：定向井基本要素，包括井斜角、方位角和井深。
104、井斜角：井眼轴线上某一点的切线(钻进方向)与该点铅垂线之间的夹角。
105、最大井斜角：在设计或实钻的井眼轴线上，全井井斜角的最大值。
106、方位角：井眼轴线上某一点的切线(钻进方向)在水平面上的投影线，与真北方向线之间的夹角(沿顺时针方向)。
107、测深(斜深)：自钻机转盘面(参照点)至井内某测点间的井眼轴线的实测长度。
108、垂深：井眼轴线上某测点至井口转盘面所在水平面的垂直距离。
109、水平位移(闭合距)：井眼轨迹上某测点至井口垂线的距离。
110、闭合方位角：真北方位线与水平位移方向之间的夹角。
111、取心：利用机械设备和取心工具钻取地层中岩石的作业。
112、岩心：取心作业时，从井下取出的岩石。
113、岩心收获率：岩心长与取心进尺之比的百分数。
114、岩心长：取出地面岩心的实际长度。
115、取心进尺：钻取岩心时，钻进的实际长度。
116、钻井液(钻井流体、泥浆)：用于钻井作业的循环流体。
117、滤饼(泥饼)：钻井液在过滤过程中沉积在过滤介质上的固相沉积物。
118、钻井液滤液：钻井液通过过滤介质流出的液体。
119、钻井液柱压力：由钻井液柱的重力引起的压力，其大小与钻井液密度和液柱垂直高度有关。
120、地层破裂压力：指某一深度的地层受液压而发生破裂时的压力值。
121、压力当量密度：给定深度处的压力除以深度与重力加速度的乘积。
122、溢流：井口返出的钻井液量比泵入量大，或停泵后井口钻井液自动外溢的现象。