新闻翻译三则：转基因作物在欧洲的不幸遭遇 行动比语言更响亮
经典励志英语谚语-行动比语言更为响亮
经典励志英语谚语-行动比语言更为响亮Virtue is fairer far than beauty.美德远胜于美貌。
Forgive others but not yourself.克己恕人。
Kind hearts are the gardens; kind thoughts are the roots; kind words are the flowers; kind deeds are the fruits.善良的心是花园，善良的思想是根径，善良的话语是花朵，善良的行动就是果子。
All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。
A willful man will have his way.一个有决心的人将找到他的道路。
A good name is easier lost than won.名誉失之易，而得之难。
A spot is most seen on the finest cloth.在最洁净的布上污点最显而易见。
To know one’s self is true progress.了解自己就是真正的进步。
One sin opens the door for another.一个罪恶为另一个罪恶开门。
The best fish smell when they are three days old.之鱼三日后亦必臭。
Diamond cuts diamond.强中更有强中手。
A good face is a letter of recommendation.一副好的脸孔就是一封介绍信。
He who does no good does evil enough.不为善者即已为恶。
Every brave man is a man of his word.勇敢之人不食言。
Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success.自信是走向成功之路的第一步。
英语谚语翻译（TranslationofEnglishProverbs）
英语谚语翻译（Translation of English Proverbs）示例：经典英文谚语好鱼游水底。
英语谚语英语谚语好鱼常在水里游。
不要教鱼游泳。
不要班门弄斧。
如果你想钓鱼，就去海边。
不入虎穴，焉得虎子。
海里的鱼和以前一样好。
海里的好鱼多的是。
这是一个愚蠢的鱼，两次上钩。
●智者不上两次当。
如果水很吵，里面就没有鱼。
咆哮的水中无鱼（夸夸其谈者无真才实学）。
流传于民间口语中的谚语，伴随着文字的产生，开始出现在各种文学作品和文化典籍中。
英语谚语有一部分来自书面文献，主要出自希腊罗马神话、寓言故事、莎士比亚戏剧以及一些名家作品中。
这些源自文化典籍的”雅谚”，有些是在民间口语说法的基础上提炼打磨而成，而有些则属独创，有着鲜明的文化色彩、语体特色和教育警策作用。
英语谚语以其令人们熟知的形象和比喻体现了人们世代积累的经验和形成的价值观，它们作为社会共享的口头文学的袖珍版本，被成百上千次地引用，成为说服他人的论据，并用以指导日常生活。
谚语是民间集体创造、广为口传、言简意赅并较为定型的艺术语句，是民众丰富智慧和普遍经验的规律性总结根据内容，可以分为四类：（1）气象谚语。
气象谚语是认识自然和总结生产经验的谚语，如”长虫过道，大雨要到”、”东北有三宝：人参、貂皮、乌拉草”等。
（2）农业谚语。
农业谚语是农民在生产实践中总结出来的农事经验，如”枣芽发，种棉花”、”今冬麦盖三层被，来年枕着馒头睡”、”瑞雪兆丰年”等。
（3）生活谚语。
生活谚语是人们根据卫生保健知识概括而成的谚语，如”寒从脚起，病从口入”、”早晨起得早，八十不觉老”等。
（4）社会谚语。
社会谚语泛指为人处世、接物待人、持家治国等方面应注意的事，如：“量小非君子，无毒不丈夫”、”人不可貌相，海水不可斗量”、”若要人不知，除非己莫为”等。
一个开头开头不好，结果不好。
恶其始者必恶其终。
坏的布什胜过开阔的田野。
有胜于无。
一个坏的妥协胜过一个好的诉讼。
吃亏的和解也比胜诉强。
Food Fight translation
Its translation课文一食品大战杰弗里·克卢杰现在,基因改造作物越来越多的，而且成为了我们日常食品的一部分。
食用这种食品安全吗？它们有什么副作用吗？公众开始怀疑甚至反对这些转基因食品。
各国政府也为此争论不休。
那么论战的结果是什么呢？反对者会如愿以偿吗？请看下面的文章。
麦当劳店的人并不指望在法国受到特别热烈的欢迎，但停车场的粪便肯定还是让他们大吃一惊。
最近三个星期中，在几乎所有地方的麦当劳店,人们都能碰上成堆的新粪便和大量腐烂的水果和蔬菜。
这些都是抗议的农场主倾倒在麦当劳门口的。
麦当劳店的许多方面都让农场主们愤怒，如：它的雷同，它的毫无特色，以及它所代表的餐饮霸权。
然而，开始时，示威还很温和，抗议者餐馆，给顾客提供一种里面塞着奶酪或鹅肝的面包作为替代食物。
但后来情况就非常糟糕了。
抗议者发现越来越不喜欢这种典型的美国食物，特别是使麦当劳的牛肉，小面包和土豆成为现在这个样子的基因。
全世界的人们都在密切关注他们所食用食品的基因构成，并且对他们所看到的一切变得越来越不安。
在刚刚过去的十年中，科学家们改变了无数蔬菜和水果的基因，把这些日常食用的作物变成了超级作物，能够防霜冻，抗除草剂，甚至本身就能杀虫，因此转基因食物已越来越成为普遍现象。
在总共测试的4500多种转基因植物中，至少40种通过了政府复审，包括13种谷类，11种西红柿和4种大豆。
对于一些生物科技公司，如；生产基地位于美国的蒙生特公司和位于瑞士的那瓦特斯公司，基因技术的兴起意味繁荣时期的到来。
基因作物种子售出的总值从1995年的七百五十万增加到去年的十亿五千万，并且他们生产的作物不仅出现在直接生产的产品中，而且出现在从饼干、薯条到婴儿食品的加工食品中。
但是，许多人提出疑问：让容易犯错的人类摆弄其他物种的基因是否是个好主意。
他们说，如果实验室里的科学实验做错了，那是一回事。
但如果它最终出现在你的饭桌上，那又是另外一回事。
到目前为止虽然还没有什么表明转基因植物对谁有什么害处，但不管怎么说，欧盟已停止进口一些转基因作物，并且从1997年就开始要求含有重组DNA的食物必须如实标注。
选修八Unit_2 Cloning原文翻译
Unit 2 克隆：他将把我们引向何方？
克隆一直与我们同在，而如今它还要坚持下去。这是一种用来生产与原型完全相同的动植物的方法。当园艺师从生长的植物上剪下枝条来培植新植物时，就会产生这种现象。这种现象也发生在动物身上，从同一个原生卵子产生性别和相貌相同的双胞胎也是克隆。实际上，这些都是自然克隆现象。
On the one hand, the whole scientific world followed the progress of the first successful clone, Dolly the sheep. The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dolly's illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal. Altogether Dolly lived six and a half years, half the length of the life of the original sheep. Sadly the same arbitrary fate affected other species, such as cloned mice. The questions that concerned all scientists were: "Would this be a major difficulty for all cloned animals? Would it happen forever? Could it be solved if corrections were made in their research procedure?"
Unit1课文翻译素材-高中英语牛津译林版(2020)选修第二册
高中英语译林版选修二课文翻译（原文+中文翻译）Unit 1 Beware and take care当心保重ReadingFighting the hidden enemy抗击隐秘的敌人An enemy appeared without warning, attacking its unsuspecting victims with efficiency. This silent and invisible enemy moved swiftly through communities and secretly crossed borders.The world soon learnt that the enemy we faced was Covid-19.它像一部恐怖电影一样展现在我们面前。
一个致命的杀手毫无预警地出现了，以残酷的效率攻击亳无戒备的受害者。
这种沉默而无形的敌人迅速穿过社区，秘密跨越边界，一路上播下了害怕的种子。
Covid-19 is caused by a new strain of coronavirus. Once entering the body, the virus multiplies inside the cell quickly and infects neighbouring cells. Common symptoms can include fever, tiredness, a dry cough, a headache, loss of taste or smell. However, in some cases, the virus causes the body's own immune system to overreact, resulting in the body killing its own healthy cells. Consequently, the disease can become worse, causing damage to the body's organs and tissues.新冠病毒是由2019年末首次识别的一种新型冠状病毒株引起的，一旦进入人体，病毒在细胞中迅速繁殖并感染邻近细胞。
actionsspeaklouderthanwords行动比语言更响亮
actionsspeaklouderthanwords行动比语言更响亮任何挂在嘴边的话在被行动验证之前都是空话，就像 all bark and no bite 一样，它寓意“光说不练，耍嘴皮子”，actions speak louder than words 意为“行动比语言更响亮”，它说明行动的重要性，现实中不缺少只会指手画脚和发号施令的人，他们缺少行动的能力或潜能，这个谚语表示：what you do carries more weight than what you say你所做的比你说的更有分量doing is better than just speaking行动总比纸上谈兵好your actions are more significant than your words你的行动比你的言语更有意义例如：You always speak of the importance of charity, but never do anything. Actions speak louder than words!你总是说慈善的重要性，但从不做任何事。
行动胜于雄辩！The captain, tired of trying to motivate his players, took it upon himself to guide his team to victory. After all, actions spoke louder than words.队长厌倦了激励队员们的积极性，主动带领球队取得胜利。
毕竟，行动胜于雄辩。
Politicians are all the same, all talk without working; do they realize that actions speak louder than words?政客们都是一样的，只会说话，不做事；他们是否意识到行动胜于雄辩？It's no use sitting and speaking of success, you have to act on it. Please remember actions speak louder than words.坐着说成功是没有用的，你必须付诸行动。
2019年翻译资格考试catti三级笔译实务试题八
英译汉Green Gene TechnologyFor the past 10,000 years humans have influenced the plants they use at first unknowingly, later by design. Today's crops have been created by a process of selection and classical breeding.More specific improvements in breeding will be possible in future.Science has cracked the genetic information code. Green gene technology is an effective tool in crop breeding, enabling us to develop new crops even more rapidly and specifically. We can make them more efficient, optimizing their contents and valuable substances to suit the wishes and requirements of customers and the processing industry. Their metabolism can be individually modified, making them produce starch, protein and fats with special properties. Through gene transfer plants can be made more resistant to viruses, bacteria, harmful fungi and insect pests.Genetically modified plants can be cultivated to possess improved stress behavior, with the result that they absorb water better in dry locations and can make more efficient use of soil nutrients. We can also optimize weed control. To do so, we make crops tolerant to environmentally sound and easily degradable herbicides. This is not as simple as it sounds. But we have been successful: Innovator has been on the Canadian market since 1995.This is the first oilseed rape variety to contain the glufosinate tolerance gene, facilitating the use of AgrEvo's broad-spectrum herbicide liberty.We are committed to green gene technology, with which we aim to make crop breeding even more efficient and environmentally friendly. Before being brought on to the market these genetically modified plants are researched and tested for years until the questions posed regarding their safety have been answered. This is a great opportunity for us to realize our vision: the use of faster methods to breed varieties which will continue to provide us with sufficient food and raw materials in future. Our fossil reserves will soon be exhausted. Experts estimate that we only have enough oil for another 43 years and natural gas for less than 60.This means we must rethink and act accordingly, using new crop varieties to step up the move to replenishable sources of raw materials and energy. In other words, green gene technology is the key technology for sustainable agriculture.答案绿色基因技术在过去一万年中，人类改变了他们所利用的农作物。
行动比语言更响亮
今天我国旗下讲话的题目是《行动比语言更响亮》。
2009年3月河北保定宣布加入世界自然基金会发起的“地球一小时”活动，成为我国内地首个官方宣布加入该活动的城市，为节能环保做出了承诺，然而时至今日河北保定的大气污染状况、雾霾天气频率仍处于全国前列。
是政府意识不足？是治理污染束手无策？还是治污思路出了问题？我们说最大的问题在于，意识有了而行动却缺乏了。
如果我们爱自然，那么就请马上行动吧，请不要再在污染的企业面前空谈计划。
同样，如果我们爱学习，那么就请马上行动吧，不要再做无谓的空想，脚踏实地，立即行动才是走向成功的基石，请牢记行动往往比语言更响亮。
空谈误国，实干兴邦。
爱学习，不应该是只停留在计划的制定上，而是应该以行动来证实自己的决心。
《为学》是大家耳熟能详的故事。
蜀鄙二僧，一贫一富，均欲之南海。
富者“数年来欲买舟而下，犹未能也”，贫者“一瓶一钵”从南海还。
这是为什么呢？这就是行动的力量。
南海是梦中的所在，是理想的彼岸，欲买舟而下，的确是在心中酝酿了好久，近于无限的准备，但就是不付诸行动，那么一切梦想就仅仅是梦想罢了。
克雷洛夫说过：“现实是此岸，理想是彼岸，中间隔着湍急的河流，行动则是架在河上的桥梁。
”失去了行动，任何宣示的“爱学习”都是苍白无力的。
很多同学到处宣称自己爱学习，放弃了休息日呆在教室里学习，放弃了兴趣爱好呆在教室里学习，放弃了娱乐活动呆在教室里学习，但是就是成绩不见起色。
追问下则一脸茫然，自己也苦恼的很。
然而细细观察他在自习室里的一举一动，一切不言而喻。
一会儿喝喝水，一会儿翻翻书，一会儿做做题，一会儿打打盹，看似没有一刻不在学习，其实是没有一刻不在准备学习。
就这样时间从指缝中溜走，题却一个也没有完成。
行动背叛了誓言，虽然口口声声称自己“爱学习”，但是却空有其表，没有扎实的行动，失败则成了必然。
爱学习，就让我们从此刻起，全情投入，摈弃空谈，从基础做起，用行动证明我们“爱学习”。
改革总设计师邓小平没有过多地辩论开放的利弊，大手一挥建立了深圳经济特区，用行动为我国经济的飞速发展奠定了基础。
行动比语言更响亮英语作文
行动比语言更响亮英语作文英文回答：Actions speak louder than words. This is a phrase that I truly believe in. It means that what you do is more important than what you say. For example, if someone keeps promising to help you with something, but never actually does it, their words become meaningless. On the other hand, if someone quietly helps you without making any promises, their actions speak volumes.I remember a time when my friend was going through a tough time and feeling really down. Instead of just saying "I'm here for you," I spent time with her, listened to her, and helped her with whatever she needed. My actions showed her that I truly cared, much more than just saying the words would have.中文回答：行动胜于语言。
这是我真正相信的一句话。
它的意思是，你的行为比你的言辞更重要。
举个例子，如果有人一直承诺要帮助你，但从来没有真正去做，那么他们的话就变得毫无意义。
另一方面，如果有人默默地帮助你，而不做任何承诺，他们的行动就能说明一切。
经济学人双语阅读：转基因作物 遭受捣毁
【经济学人】双语阅读：转基因作物遭受捣毁Leaders头条关注Genetically modified crops转基因作物Fields of beaten gold遭受捣毁Greens say climate-change deniers are unscientific and dangerous. So are greens who oppose GM crops .环保主义者表示,气候变化否认者是不科学和危险的。
反对转基因作物的环保主义者也同样危险.IN AUGUST environmentalists in the Philippines vandalised a field of Golden Rice, an experimental grain whose genes had been modified to carry beta-carotene, a chemical precursor of vitamin A.8月，环保主义者在菲律宾蓄意破坏了一片金大米田地, 金大米是一种实验性的谷物，其基因被修改为维生素a的化学前体b胡萝卜素。
Golden Rice is not produced by a corporate behemoth but by the public sector.金大米不是由企业巨头,而是公共部门种植的。
Its seeds will be handed out free to farmers.它的种子将免费发放给农民。
The aim is to improve the health of children in poor countries by reducing vitamin A deficiency, which contributes to hundreds of thousands of premature deaths and cases of blindness each year. 用于改善贫困国家儿童的健康状况，缓解这些儿童的维生素A缺乏情况, 每年都会10%以上的人因缺乏维生素过早死亡和失明。
英语翻译
1.行动比语言更响亮。
Action speaks louder than words.2.这儿的生产需要低于摄氏25度的温度。
The producton here needs temperatures lower than 25 degrees.3.我喜欢保存东西而不是把它们扔掉。
I like to keep things rather than throwing them away.4.这里除了我之外没有别人。
There is nobody here other than me.4.他宁愿辞职也不愿为那位老板干活。
She would rather leave her job than work for that boss.5.在生活中，我们最愚蠢的行为就是太执着于自己的生活，不愿意放弃。
Our stupidest course of action is to cling two much to what and refused to let go .5.他一生都与世无争。
He has been peace with the world all his life.6.他没有说出自己的想法。
一则她未必理解，二则他怕自己得不到她的宽恕。
He didn’t speak out his thought. For one thing,she might not understand,for another,he was afraid that she7.随着岁月流逝，他对中国文化越来越感兴趣。
As time rolled by,he become more and more interested in China’s culture.8.众所周知，这些岛屿一直是中国领土的一部分。
It is known to all that these island have always been part of China’s territory.9.当你们规划一个项目时，所有这些因素都应当加以考虑。
行动比语言更响亮英语作文
行动比语言更响亮英语作文英文回答：Actions speak louder than words, an adage that resonates throughout time and cultures. This proverb conveys the profound idea that our actions, rather than our mere words, truly define who we are and the impact we have on the world. While words can be easily uttered and forgotten, actions require commitment, effort, and often sacrifice. They are the tangible manifestations of our intentions, values, and beliefs.Throughout history, countless individuals have exemplified the power of actions over words. Leaders like Nelson Mandela, Gandhi, and Martin Luther King Jr. inspired millions not through eloquent speeches alone but through their unwavering dedication to their ideals. Their actions spoke volumes about their compassion, courage, and determination, leaving an enduring legacy that continues to shape our world today.In everyday life, the principle of "actions speak louder than words" holds equally true. A simple act of kindness, such as holding the door open for a stranger or volunteering at a local charity, conveys a message of empathy and a desire to make a difference. Conversely, empty promises or grand gestures that are not followed up by concrete action ring hollow and erode trust.The significance of actions over words extends to our personal lives as well. Our relationships with family, friends, and colleagues are built not on words alone but on the actions we take to support, care for, and respect one another. True friendships are forged through shared experiences, mutual support, and a willingness to be present in each other's lives.Moreover, actions have a profound impact on our own sense of self. When we act in alignment with our values, we experience a deep sense of purpose and fulfillment. Conversely, when our actions contradict our beliefs, we create cognitive dissonance that can lead to feelings ofguilt, shame, and low self-esteem.In conclusion, the adage "actions speak louder than words" reminds us that our actions are the true measure of our character and impact. By prioritizing actions over words, we not only create a more just and compassionate world but also cultivate a sense of purpose and self-worth within ourselves.中文回答：“行胜于言”，这是一个流传已久的谚语，蕴含着深刻的道理。
行动胜于语言的谚语英文
行动胜于语言的谚语英文1、行动是果实，言语只是叶子。
Actions are fruits, words are leaves.2、事实比语言更清楚。
Facts are clearer than words.3、行动是知识之佳果。
Action is the best fruit of knowledge.4、外出旅行，语言最要紧。
Language matters most when traveling.5、诚实比空话值钱，行动比语言有力。
Honesty is more valuable than empty words, and action is more powerful than words.6、辞令的灵魂就是行动。
The soul of words is action.7、人民行动起来，铁铸的宝座也不稳。
When the people move, the iron-cast throne is unstable.8、实干才永远是最响亮的语言。
Practical ability is always the loudest language.9、细心观察是为了理解，透彻理解是为了行动。
Careful observation is for understanding, thorough understanding is for action.10、脸装饰人，眼睛装饰脸；舌头点缀嘴巴，语言点缀思想。
Face adorns a person, eyes adorn a face; tongue adorns a mouth, language adorns a thought.11、空有言语而无行动的人，犹如杂草丛生的花园。
A man who speaks but does not act is like a garden full of weeds.12、与其挂在嘴上，不如落实在行动上。
Rather than talk about it, it is better to act on it.13、一次深思熟虑，胜过百次草率行动。
背会十个句子就能记700个单词
3.The before stage includes writing a confirmation letter, concentrating on appearance and nonverbal communication, developing your portfolio, anticipating questions with positive responses, and arriving early。
3.【译文】面试前阶段包括写一封确认函、集中注意自己的仪表和非语言行为、准备好自己的资料、设想一些问题以及对这些问题的正面回答、早到面试地点。
4.Based on these goals, place yourself in the role of the interviewer and develop anticipated questions and answers to three categories: company data, personal data, and specific job data。
1.The annual migrations of wildfowl and many other animals certainly cannot be regarded as a form of exploration, because such movements are actually only shifts from one habitat to another for the purpose of avoiding seasonal climatic variations。
行动比语言更响亮英语作文
行动比语言更响亮英语作文English:Actions speak louder than words is a common saying that highlights the importance of tangible actions over mere words. While words have the power to communicate ideas and emotions, it is through actions that true intentions and values are revealed. Words can be easily said and forgotten, but actions leave a lasting impact. It is easy for someone to make promises or express support verbally, but it is their actions that truly demonstrate their commitment and sincerity. Actions have the power to inspire change, motivate others, and build trust in relationships. A person who consistently follows through on their promises and acts with integrity is more respected and trusted than someone who only speaks but never acts. Ultimately, it is through our actions that we truly show who we are and what we stand for.中文翻译：行动比语言更响亮是一句常说的话，强调实际行动胜过空洞言辞的重要性。
219329184_How_to_Fix_the_Global_Rice_Crisis_如何解决全球
T he green revolution was one of the greatest feats of human ingenuity. By promoting higher-yielding varieties of wheat and, especially, rice, plant-breeders in India, Mexico and the Phil -ippines helped India avoid a famine. From 1965 to 1995 Asia’s rice yields doubled and its poverty almost halved, even as its population soared.2 Asia’s vast rice market is a legacy of that triumph. The starchy grain is the main source of sustenance for over half the world’s population. Asians produce over 90% of rice and get more than a quarter of their calories from it. And de -mand for the crop is projected to soar, on the back of population growth in Asia and Africa, another big rice con-sumer. By one estimate, the world will need to produce almost a third more rice by 2050. Yet that looks increasingly hard—and in some ways undesirable.3 Rice production is spluttering. Yields have increased by less than 1% How to Fix the Global Rice Crisis 如何解决全球水稻危机The world ’s most important crop is fuelling climate change and diabetes.全球最重要的粮食作物正在加重气候变化及糖尿病病情。
必修4第二单元翻译
Unit 2 Working the landReading: A pioneer for all peopleAlthough he is one of China's most famous scientists, Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research. Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades. Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields. Now more than 60% of the rice produced in China each year is from this hybrid strain.Born in 1930, Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside. Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields. In 1950, Chinese farmers could produce only fifty million tons of rice. In a recent harvest, however, nearly two hundred million tons of rice was produced. These increased harvests mean that 22% of the world's people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in China. Dr Yuan is now circulating his knowledge in India, Vietnam and many other less developed countries to increase their rice harvests. Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life. However, he doesn't care about being famous. He feels it gives him less freedom to do his research. He would much rather keep time for his hobbles. He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading. Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life alsomeans very little to him. Indeed, he believes that a person with too much money has more rather than fewer troubles. He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing. Long ago Dr yuan had a dream about rice plants as tall as sorghum. Each ear of rice was as big as an ear of corn and each grain of rice was as huge as a peanut. Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people. Now, many years later, Dr Yuan has another dream: to export his rice so that it can be grown around the globe. One dream is not always enough, especially for a person who loves and cares for his people.Using language:Chemical or organic farmingOver the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming. Many farmers welcomed them as a great way to stop crop disease and increase production. Recently, however, scientists have been finding that long-term use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to people's health.What are some of the problems caused by chemical fertilizers? First, they damage the land by killing the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the harmful ones. Chemicals also stay in the ground and underground water for a long time. This affects crops and, therefore, animals and humans, since chemicals get inside the crops and cannot just be washed off. These chemicals in the food supply build up in people's bodies over time. Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses. In addition, fruit, vegetables and other food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast to be full of much nutrition. They may look beautiful, but inside there isusually more water than vitamins and minerals.With these discoveries, some farmers and many customers are beginning to turn to organic farming. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease. A healthy soil reduces disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy. Organic farmers, therefore, often prefer using natural waste from animals as fertilizer. They feel that this makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals and so more fertile. This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals.Organic farmers also use many other methods to keep the soil fertile. They often change the kind of crop in each field every few years, for example, growing corn or wheat and then the next year peas or soybeans. Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil. Organic farmers also plant crops to use different levels of soil, for example, planting peanuts that use the ground's surface followed by vegetables that put down deep roots. Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil, and then leaving it in the ground to become a natural fertilizer for the next year's crop. These many different organic farming methods have the same goal: to grow good food and avoid damaging the environment or people's health.造福全人类的先驱者尽管是中国最著名的科学家之一，袁隆平仍然认为自己是个农民，因为他在田里耕作，进行科学研究。
(中英)转基因技术对话(可打印修改)
Y：你有了解过转基因技术吗？Y：Have you ever known Genetically modified technology?W：那当然，解释转基因技术。
W：Yeah, Genetically modified technology is the separation and decorated artificial genes into the genome of organisms, and to gene expression, access to new traits of biological technology.Y：那你怎样看待转基因技术或转基因食品呢？你认为它是有利的吗？Y：How do you think that Genetically modified technology or genetically modified food? Do you think it is good?W：转基因食品是科学给我们带来的产品，现在耕地面积少，转基因食品将起到越来越重要的作用，如果利用转基因技术可以解决世界粮食短缺的问题，同时使农作物的营养更均衡，从而减少我们对动物性食品的依赖，可以吃到又便宜又美味的产品，这不是挺好的？W：genetically modified food has brought us a lot of benefits, for example, less arable land, genetically modified food will play an increasingly important role in the case of less arable land, the use of genetically modified technology can solve the problem of food shortages in the world, at the same time, biotechnology can improve efficiency of food production and generate more nourishing ,which reduce our dependence on animals , you can gett cheaper and tastier product, why not?Y：我担心宣传有些夸大其词，或许事实并不是这样的。
科技新闻原文及翻译
3D printing reveals the power of shark skinBy Jonathan Webb Science reporter, BBC NewsThe printed replica included tough "denticles" embedded in a smooth, flexible membraneContinue reading the main storyScientists have used a 3D-printed model of shark skin to show howtooth-like scales help the predators to cruise efficiently.Viewed up close, a shark's skin bristles with tiny teeth or "denticles"which aid swimming.Engineers have tried to mimic the roughness of shark skin whendesigning swim suits and even racing cars.But the denticles have never been so well reproduced before, says areport in the Journal of Experimental Biology.Perhaps counter-intuitively, creating turbulence near the edge of amoving object can reduce drag. In this way, the denticles act like thedimples on a golf ball. Now, researchers have also seen them alterspecific currents that help propel the shark through water.George Lauder and his colleagues took a detailed scan of a tiny square of skin from a mako shark, and built a 3D model of a single denticle just 0.15mm long.The challenge was then to manufacture a synthetic skin, with thousands of these denticles embedded in a smooth, flexible membrane."It took us about a year," said Prof Lauder, of Harvard University.First the team made a detailed 3D model of a single denticle3D printing builds up new objects layer-by-layer, following acomputer-generated design. To print the shark skin, the scientists had to use two different materials for the hard, tooth-like structures and for the flexible base - much like the different coloured inks used to print a picture.The particular shape of the denticles also posed difficulties: "Because they're overhung, the 3D printers have to print a supporting material, which you then have to remove," Prof Lauder told the BBC. "It took a while to work out all the tricks."The artificial skin has impressed Oliver Crimmen, a fish expert at the Natural History Museum who has previously advised Speedo on swim suit design."I used to think, how on earth would you mimic that complex structure accurately?" he said. "3D printing is it - what a marvellous application for it."Because the resolution of even the latest 3D printers is limited, the artificial denticles are about 10 times larger than the real ones seen on the skin of a mako shark.Nonetheless, when the team stuck the new artificial skin onto a small, flexible paddle and studied it in a water tank, they were able to see the benefit sharks glean from their unusual scales.A paddle with the new, toothy skin delivered a boost of up to 6.6% in swimming speed, compared to one coated with the smooth membrane alone. The artificial denticles also allowed the paddle to travel the same simulated distance while using 5.9% less energy."That's a huge effect, when factored over the entire lifetime of an animal that is constantly swimming," said Prof Lauder.Sharks' specialised skin appears to help most when they are cruising, rather than accelerating to catch preyMr Crimmen agrees. "If you think about it, sharks, which don't have a swim bladder... are on the go most of their lives. Swimming's hard work, especially if you're of any size."Interestingly, the advantages were most obvious at relatively slow speeds, when the shark is cruising rather than pouncing. "It's during the steady, long-distance migrations that you'd really begin to see the benefits," Prof Lauder explained.Using a specialised technique to photograph the flow of water, the team also found that the "leading edge vortex", a small whirlpool of low pressure generated by the paddle's movement, was stronger with the denticles than without.Prof Lauder believes this change in water flow could be crucial. "It can help suck the fish forward," he said. "One of the things that our flow visualisation has suggested is that the structure of the skin may actuallyincrease the thrust - the engine of propulsion - rather than just reducing the drag."When attached to a paddle and studied in a water tank, the artificial skin strengthened the "leading edge vortex" created by a swimming motion. Video courtesy of L. Wen, J. Weaver, G. LauderResearchers have studied the fluid dynamics of moulds and real samples of shark skin before. Prof Lauder is especially pleased with this new, 3D-printed model because it moves and bends, just like sharks. "You have a rigid scale structure embedded into a flexible membrane, that can then swim."Don't expect to be pulling on a denticle-laden swim suit any time soon, however. Transferring this type of design to a textile might take decades, Prof Lauder said. "But if you could do it, you would see a dramatic effect on swimming performance!"The idea of copying design elements from biological systems is known as biomimetics.3D printing technology has made such mimicry a lot easier and, importantly, it allows the designs to be tweaked. For example, Prof Lauder and his team have already begun to play with the spacing, arrangement and shape of the denticles. "I want to know what causes this effect," he said.Aside from that curiosity, Prof Lauder enjoys learning from nature. "It pays us to understand how the natural world works," he told BBC News. "Millions of years of evolution give us solutions to problems that we may not have thought of."3D打印解密鲨鱼皮的作用BBC新闻乔纳森·韦伯报导被打印出的仿制品上有一层坚韧的“齿”，它们嵌入光滑的，柔韧的细胞膜表面。
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新闻翻译三则：转基因作物在欧洲的不幸遭遇行动比语言更响亮翻译：半解一知半解时间：2011年8月18日序：为什么绝大部分欧洲人会抵制转基因呢？一是因为欧洲人受到过几次食品安全事件的打击，知道食品安全马虎不得，二是因为欧洲有独立的科学家做过转基因的安全与毒害实验，结果发现转基因有巨大的毒害。
所以，尽管美国政府和转基因财团对欧洲一直保持高压，但其转基因作物之门开了一条缝以后又关上了，现在是全欧洲禁止种植转基因作物，而且欧洲议会允许成员国单独立法禁止转基因。
当然，也有一些欧洲好猫不顾转基因的巨大危害，试图把转基因欧洲化，或者以实验的名义偷种转基因作物，下面三则故事就是欧洲好猫们引发的，可见，转基因与反转基因在欧洲的较量将是长期和激烈的。
一、匈牙利政府依法埋葬了所有的转基因玉米匈牙利销毁了所有的转基因玉米地2011年7月13日匈牙利已加快步伐努力清除孟山都的转基因产品。
这可能是抽向孟山都的又一记耳光。
今年三月份生效的新法规规定：种子必须经过转基因检测后才能推向市场。
不幸的是，有一些转基因种子是在农民们不知情的情况下购买的。
匈牙利农村发展部副国务秘书Lajos Bognar说，被发现的约1000英亩(注：约6070亩)种植的转基因玉米种子被销毁。
Lajos Bognar说，转基因玉米被犁倒掩埋起来，并补充说，花粉没有扩散。
与几个欧盟成员国不同的是，匈牙利禁止转基因种子。
Bognar说，尽管种子商必须依法确保他们的产品是非转基因的，但检查还会继续进行。
给农民补偿几乎不可能在调查过程中，检查人员在播种的种子里发现了先锋公司和孟山都的产品。
Bonar说，欧盟成员国之间货物自由移动意味着当局不会调查种子是如何进入匈牙利的，但他们会在能够发现货物的地方进行检查。
当地公众电台报道说，两个国际最大的种子生产公司在事件中受到影响，在匈牙利，可能已经播种了成千上万公顷转基因种子。
由于刚发现种下的是转基因种子，多数当地农民有怨言。
由于时令已过，栽种新种子为时已晚，所以本年度的收成就损失掉了。
让这些农民雪上加霜的是，在巴兰尼亚县的种子经销公司正在破产清算中，因此，即使国际种子生产商提供了补偿，也会主要是偿付给公司的债权人，而不是那些农民。
(来源：英国国际商务时报)二、匈牙利进一步限制转基因作物的种植2011年7月28日匈在一次记者招待会上，政府发言人索尔坦。
科瓦奇(Zoltán Kovács)说，牙利政府将惩罚种植和销售转基因（GMO）种子的行为，并处高达20亿福林（750万欧元）的罚款。
科瓦奇说，政府将补偿最近发现的种植转基因种子给农民造成的任何损害。
农村发展部Endre Kardeván的国务秘书上周说，到7月21日止，官员发现了5000多公顷(注：75000亩) 的土地上种有转基因种子，其中主要是转基因玉米，并下令销毁了这些作物。
Kardeván补充说，匈牙利坚持捍卫其非中介非转基因地位和将采取严格措施坚持到底。
(资料来源：布达佩斯商业杂志)三、德国的转基因试验田被破坏转基因土豆与小麦试验田被破坏2011年7约12日“野蛮、有针对性的袭击”2011年7月9日和11日夜晚，身份不明的攻击者使用野蛮的暴力制服警卫，破坏了两个由德国研究部资助的两块涉及转基因作物的试验田。
罗斯托克附近的Gross Lüsewitz试验田与（萨克森-安哈尔特州）的Üplingen试验田是用来探索新的风险评估方法。
这次人为破坏的损坏价值数十万欧元。
几个蒙面袭击者在试验田里击败了警卫并把他们扣押起来。
据项目负责人克斯廷.施密特（生物创新公司）说，这次袭击有针对性和很野蛮。
在一次袭击中，攻击者配有棒球棒和胡椒喷雾剂；在另一次袭击中，他们拿走了警卫的手机，戳破了他的汽车轮胎，用大灯将其致盲。
部分被破坏的转基因土豆和小麦试验田属于一个涉及中小企业、大学和德国联邦教育与研究部（BMBF）资助的联合项目。
根据项目合作方英格.布洛尔（罗斯托克大学）所说，BioOK(生物安全)的目的，即“创新区域增长极”，是要让转基因作物的审批程序更便宜、更安全并更有效率。
该项目计划为审批转基因作物开发出一个联合检测系统，以取代目前的风险评估过程中缩使用的许多不同的耗时长久的分析方式。
被捣毁的的土豆能为塑料制造产生一种名为藻青素的原料。
这种原料有可能取代石油用作塑料生产原料。
转基因小麦是由瑞士的苏黎世联邦理工学院（ETH）开发的，能抗某些真菌病害。
根据布洛尔所说，目前只有国际大农业公司才能承担转基因作物的审批过程，这要花费10年的时间和1千万欧元。
而新的风险评估方法能够把审批费用减少到连欧洲中小植物育种公司也能负担得起的程度。
“目前市场上大公司对转基因作物的统治地位是转基因对手的主要批评方面之一。
而被毁坏的两块试验田立的作物都来自于增长极项目，所以这种破坏是毫无意义的。
“破坏是对改善审批过程的一种严重挫折。
破坏作物事件增加了据德国植物育种协会（BDP）公布的统计数据，近年来破坏作物事件显着增加。
2009年，激进的反转基因反人士破坏了德国大约一半的试验田。
Gross Lüsewitz 的试验田在2009年已经被破坏过一次，而肇事者没有被绳之以法。
今年，共16块试验田已经被破坏6块。
在2005年和2010年间，联邦刑警局共记录了210起与转基因有关的政治动机犯罪行为。
克斯廷.施密特的观点的观点认为，关于转基因，各政党之间几乎普遍恐惧的政策可能鼓励犯罪行为。
在2010年的一份公开呼吁书中，德国所有进行转基因作物田间试验的机构警告要注意反转基因运动更加激进的行为，并呼吁对破坏作物者要予以系统的刑事检控。
他们声称，德国作为研究重地，破坏事件的负面影响已经见效了：试验田的数量已经从2007年的80块下降到现在只有16块。
同时，越来越多的研究机构和植物育种公司把他们的研究活动迁到国外进行。
几乎所有政党的政治家都谴责了这些袭击事件。
德国绿党的农业和自然保护小组的一位女发言人克劳迪亚.舒尔茨说，她能理解破坏者们的动机，因为有没有办法防止在德国的转基因试验田。
她补充说：“不过，破坏作物适得其反，于事无补。
”(来源：德国转基因安全网)Hungary destroys all GMO maize fields13 Jul 2011In an effort to rid the country of Monsanto's GMO products, Hungary has stepped up the pace. This looks like its going to be another slap in the face for Monsanto. A new regulation was introduced this March which stipulates that seeds are supposed to be checked for GMO before they are introduced to the market. Unfortunately, some GMO seeds made it to the farmers without them knowing it.Almost 1000 acres of maize found to have been grown with genetically modified seeds have been destroyed throughout Hungary, deputy state secretary of the Ministry of Rural Development Lajos Bognar said. The GMO maize has been ploughed under, said Lajos Bognar, but pollen has not spread from the maize, he added.Unlike several EU members, GMO seeds are banned in Hungary. The checks will continue despite the fact that seed traders are obliged to make sure that their products are GMO free, Bognar said.During their investigation, controllers have found Pioneer and Monsanto products among the seeds planted.The free movement of goods within the EU means that authorities will not investigate how the seeds arrived in Hungary but they will check where the goods can be found, Bognar said. Regional public radio reported that the two biggest international seed producing companies are affected in the matter and GMO seeds could have been sown on up to thousands of hectares in the country.Most of the local farmers have complained since they just discovered they were using GMO seeds. With season already under way, it is too late to sow new seeds, so this year’s harvest has been lost.And to make things even worse for the farmers, the company that distributed the seeds in Baranya county is under liquidation. Therefore, if any compensation is paid by the international seed producers, the money will be paid primarily to that company's creditors, rather than the farmers.Hungary further constrains GMO cropping//28 Jul 2011Hungary's government will penalize planting and distribution of genetically modified (GMO) seeds with fines of up to HUF 2 billion (€7.5 million), government spokesman Zoltán Kovács said in a press conference.Kovács said the government will refund any damages caused to farmers by recently discovered GMO seed planting.By July 21, officials had found more than 5,000 hectares of land sown with GMO seeds, mostly maize, and ordered the destruction of the crops, state secretary of the Rural Development Ministry Endre Kardeván said last week.Hungary insists on maintaining its GMO-free status and will take strict measures to keep it that way, Kardeván added.Source: Budapest Business JournalField trials with GM potatoes and wheat destroyed“Brutal, targeted attack”Jul 12, 2011On the nights of 9 and 11 July 2011, two field trials funded by the German Ministry of Research involving genetically modified plants were destroyed by unknown attackers, who used brutal violence against the guards. The trials in Gross Lüsewitz near Rostock and in Üplingen (Saxony-Anhalt) were being used to develop new risk assessment methods. The vandalism caused damage worth hundreds of thousands of euros.Several masked attackers overpowered the guards at the trial sites and held them. According to Project Leader Kerstin Schmidt (biovativ GmbH), the attack was targeted and brutal. In one case, the attackers were armed with bats and pepper spray; in another they took the guard’s mobile phone, stabbed his car tyres and blinded him with headlights.Part of the destroyed trials with GM potatoes and wheat belonged to a joint project involving SMEs and universities and funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). The aim of BioOK, an‘innovative regional growth pole’, is to make the approval processes for GM plants cheaper, safer and more effective, according to project partner Inge Broer (University of Rostock). The project is developing an integrated testing system for the approval of GM plants to replace many of the different time-consuming analyses involved in the current risk assessment process.The destroyed potatoes produce a raw material for plastic manufacture called cyanophycin. This could replace oil as a raw material in plastic production. The genetically modified wheat was developed by the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich and is resistant to certain fungal diseases.According to Broer, only large international agricultural corporations can currently afford the approval process for GM crops, which lasts up to ten years and costs over EUR 10 million. The new risk assessment methods would make it possible to reduce approval costs to a level that even small and medium-s ized European plant breeders could afford. “The current dominant position of large corporations on the market for GM crops is one of the key criticisms made by genetic engineering opponents. So it makes no sense at all that the trials destroyed at both sites were the ones fromthe growth pole project.” The destruction is a severe setback to the improvement of the approval process.Crop destruction incidents increasingAccording to statistics published by the German Plant Breeders’ Association (BDP), there has been a significant increase in crop destructions in recent years. In 2009, around half of all field trials in Germany were destroyed by radical genetic engineering opponents. The trial field in Gross Lüsewitz had already been destroyed once in 2009 without the perpetrators being brought to justice. This year, six out of a total of 16 field trials have already been destroyed. The Federal Criminal Police Office registered a total of 210 politically motivated criminal acts between 2005 and 2010 in conjunction with genetic engineering. Kerstin Schmidt expressed the opinion that an almost universal policy of fear with regard to genetic engineering across all political parties could encourage criminal acts.In a public appeal in 2010, all the German institutions conducting field trials with GM plants warned against a further radicalisation of the anti-genetic engineering movement and called for systematic criminal prosecution of crop destroyers. The negative impacts of the destructions for Germany as a research location were, they claimed, already visible: the number of field trials has fallen from 80 in 2007 to just 16. At the same time, research institutes and plant breeders are increasingly moving their research activities abroad.Politicians from almost all political parties condemned the attacks. Claudia Schulz, the spokeswoman for the agriculture and nature conservation group within the German Green Party, said she could understand the crop destroyers’ motivation because there was no way of preventing ge netic engineering trials in Germany. “However,” she added, “crop destructions are counter-productive and never help”.。