2019考研英语语法解析:独立主格结构_毙考题
独立主格结构知识点及例题
独立主格结构的构成独立主格的构成稍显复杂,主要有以下几种:1、名词/代词+现在分词(表示主动或正在进行)e.g. Time permitting(= If time permits), we will go for an outing tomorrow.2、名词/代词+过去分词(表示被动和已完成)e.g. The problems solved(= As the problems were solved), the quality has been improved.3、名词/代词+不定式(表示将要发生的动作)e.g. His friends to come tonight, he is busy preparing the dinner(=His friends are going to come tonight so he is busy preparing the dinner.)4、名词/代词+形容词或副词(常用来说明名词的性质,特征或所处的状态)e.g. So many people absent, the meeting had to be called off.(=Because so many people were absent, the meeting had to be called off.)Nobody in, he left a message on the board.5、名词/代词+介词短语e.g. He went into the classroom,book in hand. (=He went into the classroom and a book is in his hand. )6、with/without+名词/代词+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/不定时e.g. With his son so disappointing, the old man felt unhappy. He sat at a desk with his attention fixed on a book.I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash.7、It being +名词e.g. It being a holiday, all the shops were shut.8、there +being/having beene.g. There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed.“with/without”引导的独立主格结构“介词with/without+宾语+宾语补足语”结构可以构成独立主格结构,在句中常作伴随状语、原因状语,也可作定语。
专四语法及练习-独立主格1
• 2. 名词(代词)+过去分词 • The job finished, we went home. 工作结束后我们 就回家了。 • The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. • 最后一班公车已经走了,我们必须走路回家。 • More time given, we should have done the job much better. • 如果给我们更多的时间,我们会把工作做得更好。 • 3. 名词(代词)+不定式 • Nobody to come tomorrow, we will have to put off the meeting till next week. • 如果明天没有人来,我们将把会议推迟到下周。 • So many people to help him, he is sure to succeed. • 有如此多的人来帮助他,他一定会成功的。
二、独立主格结构的常见形式
• 1. 名词(代词)+现在分词 • The question being settled, we went home. 问题 解决之后,我们就回家了。 现在分词的被动式可以做原因状语放句首。 • We shall play the match tomorrow, weather permitting. • 明天假设天气好,我们就进行比赛。 • The monitor being ill, we’d better put the meeting off. • 班长病了,我们最好还是延期开会吧。
• 6. There being +名词(代词) • There being nothing else to do, we went home. 没 有别的事可做,我们就回家了。 • There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed. • 没有再要讨论的事了,我宣布散会。 • 7. It being +名词(代词) • It being Christmas, the government offices were closed. • 由于圣诞节的缘故,政府机关都休息。 • It being a holiday, all the shops were shut. 由于今 天是假日,所有商店都关门了
独立主格结构练习题及解析
独立主格结构练习题及解析1.I have a lot of books, half of novels.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. them2.more and more forests destroyed, many animals are facing the danger of dying out.A. becauseB. asC. WithD. Since3.The bus was crowded with passengers going home from market, most ofcarrying heavy bags and baskets full of fruit and vegetables they hadbought there.A. themB. whoC. whomD. which4.The largest collection ever found in England was one of about 200,000 silver pennies, all of over 600 years old.A. whichB. thatC. themD. it5.The cave very dark, he lit some candles light.A. was; givenB. was; to giveC. being; givenD. being; to give6.The soldier rushed into the cave, his right hand a gun and his facewith sweat.A held; covered B. holding; covering C. holding; covered D. held; covering7.The girl in the snapshot was smiling sweetly, her long hair .A. flowed in the breezeB. was flowing in the breezeC. were flowing in the breezeD. flowing in the breeze8.The children went home from the grammar school, their lessonsfor the day.A. finishingB. finishedC. had finishedD. were finished9.On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park,parents seated together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that10.The Smiths are rich and they have three cars, one a Toyota, Land Rover of the latest.A. anotherB. otherC. the otherD. the others【答案与解析】1.D。
考研英语语法-独立主格详解附译文
考研英语语法-独立主格详解附译文一、独立主格结构的特点独立主格是一个名词或代词(作为逻辑主语),加上一个形容词,副词,介词短语,分词,不定式等,在句子中作状语,相当于一个状语从句或者并列句。
它有以下三个特点与一个功能:【特点】(1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在。
(2)名词或代词和后面的形容词,副词,介词短语,分词,不定式存在逻辑上的主谓关系。
(3)独立主格结构一般用逗号与主句分开,与主句之间不能使用连词。
二、使用独立主格结构的注意事项(1) 当状语从句的主语与主句的主语不是指同一个对象时,可用独立主格结构取代状语从句,但不再保留连词。
如:After class was over (=Class being over/Class over) , the students soon left the classroom. 下课后,学生很快离开了课室。
(2) 在下列两种情况下,独立主格结构中的being(或having been)不能省略:a. 独立主格的逻辑主语是代词时。
如:It being Sunday, we went to church. 因为是星期天,我们去了做礼拜。
b. 在There being+名词的结构中。
如:There being no bus, we had to go home on foot. 因为没有公共汽车,所以我们不得不步行回家。
(3) 在“名词(或代词)+介词短语”构成的独立主格结构中,一般不用形容词性物主代词和冠词。
如:Miss Smith entered the classroom, book in hand. 史密斯先生走进了课室,手里拿着一本书。
(比较with的复合结构:Miss Smith entered the classroom, with a book in his hand. )(4) 独立主格结构没有所有格形式。
如:The chief-editor arriving, we began the meeting. 主编来了,我们开始开会。
独立主格结构讲解及练习含答案
独立主格结构讲解及练习含答案语法重点:独立主格结构。
1. 原文再现。
This silence was suddenly broken when a large car, with its headlights on and its horn blaring, roared down the arcade.2. 独立主格结构定义。
独立主格结构(Independent Genitive)由两部分组成,前一部份是名词或者代词,后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。
前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系,非谓语动词主动用现在分词,被动用过去分词。
独立主格结构在句中做状语,多用于书面语。
独立主格结构本身不是句子,在句子中作状语,表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。
3. 独立主格结构用法。
A.用作时间状语The work done(=After the work had been done), we went home. 工作完成后,我们就回家了。
B. 用作条件状语Weather permitting(=If weather permits), they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.如果天气允许的话,他们将在明天组织一次海滨小游。
C. 用作原因状语An important lecture to be given tomorrow (=As an important lecture will be given tomorrow), the professor has to stay up late into the night.因为明天要发表一个重要的演讲,教授不得不熬夜到很晚。
D. 用作伴随状语He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head (=and his hands were crossed under his head).他躺在草地上,将两手交叉枕在脑后。
英语语法——独立主格结构
英语语法第八章独立主格结构非谓语动词作状语时,它的逻辑主语应该是句子的主语。
但有时非谓语动词带有自己的主语,从而在结构上与主语不发生关系,我们称之为独立主格结构(Absolute Construction)。
其实,所谓“独立主格结构”也并非真正独立,它还是一种从属的结构。
一、非谓语动词独立主格结构在独立主格结构中,非谓语动词和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。
Such an able man to help you,you will surely succeed sooner or later.有这么能干的人来帮你, 你迟早一定会成功的。
(such an able man和 to help you 之间存在着主谓关系)= Since such an able man will help you, you will surely succeed sooner or later. He seating himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story.他在书桌旁坐好后,他母亲开始给他讲故事。
(seating himself at the desk拥有了自己的逻辑主语he,注意是“主格”)= When he seated himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story. The key to the bike lost, he had to walk to school.由于丢了自行车钥匙,他只好步行去学校。
(lost 的逻辑主语是the key,lost 也可以用完成式having been lost)= Because the key to the bike had been lost, he had to walk to school.A.不定式“独立主格结构”在“逻辑主语+动词不定式”结构中,动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。
(完整word)高中英语语法-独立主格讲解与练习
独立主格结构一、概念“独立主格结构”就是由一个相当于主语的名词或代词加上非谓语动词、形容词(副)词或介词短语构成的一种独立成分。
该结构不是句子,也不是从句,所以它内部的动词不能考虑其时态、人称和数的变化,它与主句之间不能通过并列连词连接,也不能由从句阴道词引导,通常用逗号与主句隔开。
独立主格结构在很多情况下可以转化为相应的状语从句或者其他状语形式,但很多时候不能转化为分词形式,因为它内部动词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致。
二、独立主格的特点【注意】1.当独立主格结构中的being done表示“正在被做时”,being不可以被省略。
2.当独立主格结构的逻辑主语是it, there时,being不可以省略。
三、独立主格结构的用法。
一般放在句首,表示原因时还可放在句末;表伴随状况或补充说明时,相当于一个并列句,通常放于句末。
四、非谓语动词独立主格结构。
“名词或代词+非谓语动词”结构构成的独立主格结构称为非谓语动词的独立主格结构。
名词或代词和非谓语动词具有逻辑上的主谓关系。
1.不定式构成的独立主格结构不定式构成的独立主格结构往往表示还未发生的行为或状态,在句中常作原因状语,有时做条件状语。
Lots of homework to do, I have to stay home all day.由于很多作业要做,我只好待在家里。
So many children to look after, the mother has to quit her job.如此多的孩子要照顾,这个妈妈不得不辞掉她的工作。
2.动词+ing形式的独立主格结构动词-ing形式的句中作状语时,其逻辑主语必须是主句的主语,否则就是不正确的。
动词-ing形式的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致时,就应在动词的-ing形式前加上逻辑主语,构成动词-ing 形式的独立主格结构,逻辑主语与动词间为主谓关系,是分词的动作执行者,分词表示的动作时逻辑主语发出的动作。
(完整版)独立主格结构讲解及练习
(完整版)独立主格结构讲解及练习独立主格结构的用法一、独立主格结构的概念独立主格结构(Absolute Structure)是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构,用于修饰整个句子。
独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系,它的位置相当灵活,可置于主句前、主句末或主句中,常由逗号将其与主句分开。
在句中作状语,相当于一个状语从句。
需特别注意的是,独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。
二、独立主格结构基本构成形式名词(代词)+现在分词;过去分词;形容词;副词;不定式;名词;介词短语)1. 名词(代词)+现在分词例句:The storm drawing nea,the navvy decided to call it a dayThe storm draw ing n ear在句中作:原因状语=Since the storm was drawing nea,the navvy decided to call it a day由于暴风雨即将来临,那个挖土小工决定收工。
(call it a day今天到此为止)例句:Win ter comin g, it gets colder and colder.Win ter comi ng 在句中作:伴随状语=The win ter comes, and it gets colder and colder.冬天来了,天气越来越冷了。
造句:时间允许的话,我就和你一起走。
Time permitt in g, I will go with you. 独立主格作:条件状语=改写:ftime permits, I will go with you.造句:那个姑娘望着他,他不知道说什么好。
The girl stari ng at him, he did n 'k now what to say.独立主格作:时间状语=改写:As the girl stared at him, he did n 'tk now what to say.2. 名词(代词)+过去分词例句:He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard.他上课专心听讲,眼睛紧盯着黑板。
独立主格结构完美总结(附习题)[5篇材料]
独立主格结构完美总结(附习题)[5篇材料]第一篇:独立主格结构完美总结(附习题)温新堂个性化VIP一对一教学独立主格结构的用法说明与注意点一、有关独立主格结构的基本概念独立主格结构是一个名词或代词(作为逻辑主语),加上一个形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、不定式等在句中作状语。
它有以下三个特点:1.独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在。
2.名词或代词与后面的形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、不定式等存在逻辑上的主谓关系。
3.独立主格结构一般用逗号与主句分开,但与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。
二、独立主格结构的常见形式独立主格类型1:名词(代词)+现在分词The question being settled, we went home.问题解决之后,我们就回家了。
We shall play the match tomorrow, weather permitting.明天假设天气好,我们就进行比赛。
The monitor being ill, we’d better put the meeting off.班长病了,我们最好还是延期开会吧。
独立主格类型2:名词(代词)+过去分词The job finished, we went home.工作结束后我们就回家了。
The last bus having gone, we had to walk home.最后一班公车已经走了,我们必须走路回家。
More time given, we should have done the job much better.如果给我们更多的时间,我们会把工作做得更好。
独立主格类型3:名词(代词)+不定式Nobody to come tomorrow, we will have to put off the meeting till next week.如果明天没有人来,我们将把会议推迟到下周。
So many people to help him, he is sure to succeed.有如此多的人来帮助他,他一定会成功的。
独立主格结构及精选习题
独立主格结构及精选习题独立主格结构(一)定义:不定式或分词短语作状语时,它的逻辑主语一般必须与句子的主语一致。
但有时它也可以有自己的独立的逻辑主语,这种结构称为独立主格结构。
(二)构成:1. 名词(代词)+ 不定式、现在分词或过去分词Weather permitting, we'll go sightseeing.= If weather permits, ...作条件状语天气允许的话,我们要去观光。
Homework finished, the boy went out to play football.=When homework was finished,...作时间状语作业做完了,男孩出去玩足球。
The exam to be held tomorrow, I can't go to the cinema tonight.明天要考试,我今晚不能去看电影。
2. 名词(代词)+(being )+表语(名词、形容词、副词或介词短语)It (being) Sunday, we went climbing.= As it was Sunday, ...作原因状语由于是星期天,我们去爬山。
Tod looked at the million-pound note, his eyes (being) wide open.托德眼睛睁得大大的看着百万钞票。
Summer vacations (being) over, students returned to school.暑假结束了,学生们返回学校。
3. with + 名词(代词)+宾补,宾补可用现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式、形容词、副词或介词短语。
此句型又称with复合结构。
a. They pretended to be working hard all night with their lights burning.他们点着灯假装整晚都在努力工作。
英语语法独立主格结构讲解及习题
3.表条件,相当于一个条件状语从句 Weather permitting, the football match will played on Wednesday.(=If weather permits, …)如果天气允许,足球比赛将在周三举行。The book written in simple English, it will be more popular.(=If the book is written in simple English, …)如果这本书用简易英语写的,它会 更畅销。 4.表方式或伴随状语或补充说明 She rushed into the room, a letter in her hand.(=…, with a letter in her hand)她手里拿着封信冲了进来。Saddie sat alone, head bent.(=…, with his head bent.)Saddie独自坐在那里,耷拉着脑袋 5.做定语,相当于一个定语从句 He was walking along the road without any street lights on its both sides.他走在一条2便没有路灯的马路上
[实用参考]高中英语语法-独立主格讲解与练习.doc
独立主格结构一、概念“独立主格结构”就是由一个相当于主语的名词或代词加上非谓语动词、形容词(副)词或介词短语构成的一种独立成分。
该结构不是句子,也不是从句,所以它内部的动词不能考虑其时态、人称和数的变化,它与主句之间不能通过并列连词连接,也不能由从句阴道词引导,通常用逗号与主句隔开。
独立主格结构在很多情况下可以转化为相应的状语从句或者其他状语形式,但很多时候不能转化为分词形式,因为它内部动词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致。
二、独立主格的特点1.当独立主格结构中的beingdone表示“正在被做时”,being不可以被省略。
2.当独立主格结构的逻辑主语是it,there时,being不可以省略。
三、独立主格结构的用法。
【注意】独立主格结构表示时间、条件或原因时,相当于一个状语从句,一般放在句首,表示原因时还可放在句末;表伴随状况或补充说明时,相当于一个并列句,通常放于句末。
四、非谓语动词独立主格结构。
“名词或代词+非谓语动词”结构构成的独立主格结构称为非谓语动词的独立主格结构。
名词或代词和非谓语动词具有逻辑上的主谓关系。
1.不定式构成的独立主格结构2.不定式构成的独立主格结构往往表示还未发生的行为或状态,在句中常作原因状语,有时做条件状语。
3.Lots of homework to do,IhavetostaPhomealldaP.4.由于很多作业要做,我只好待在家里。
5.So manP children to look after,themotherhastoquitherjob.6.如此多的孩子要照顾,这个妈妈不得不辞掉她的工作。
7.动词+ing形式的独立主格结构8.动词-ing形式的句中作状语时,其逻辑主语必须是主句的主语,否则就是不正确的。
动词-ing形式的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致时,就应在动词的-ing形式前加上逻辑主语,构成动词-ing形式的独立主格结构,逻辑主语与动词间为主谓关系,是分词的动作执行者,分词表示的动作时逻辑主语发出的动作。
独立主格结构讲解及题目
独立主格结构1一、独立主格结构的概念及基本构成形式独立主格结构(the absolute structure)是由名词或代词加上分词或分词短语构成的一种独立结构,用于修饰整个句子,而不是一个词或词组。
独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词或分词短语构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系,独立主格结构的位置相当灵活,可置于主句前、主句末或主句中,常由逗号将其与主句分开。
需特别注意的是,独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。
例如:1)Night enshrouding the earth,nobody could make out what the dark mass was from a distance.(黑夜笼罩大地,谁也看不清远处黑压压的一片是什么东西。
)2)He lay at full length upon his stomach,his head resting upon his left forearm.(他的脊背朝天,四肢伸展,头枕着左臂,直挺挺地趴伏着。
)3)The coward was backing,his face being deathly pale,toward another room.(那个胆小鬼向另一个房间退去,脸色煞白。
)独立主格结构多用于书面语,尤其是描述性语言中,在口语和非正式文体中,一般用从句或两个句子来代替。
例如,上述例句可变为:1)Because night enshrouded the earth, nobody could make out what the dark mass was from a distance.2)He lay at full length upon his stomach.His head rested upon his left forearm.3)The coward was backing toward another room.His face was deathly pale.二、独立主格结构的特殊构成形式独立主格结构除上述基本构成形式,即名词/代词+分词(短语)外,还有如下特殊构成形式。
独立主格结构总结及练习
独立主格结构一、概念独立主格结构(Absolute Structure)是一种特殊的结构,前一部分是名词或主格代词(作为逻辑主语),后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式和分词)或形容词、副词、名词或介词短语,独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系, 在句中做状语,用于修饰整个句子。
其位置灵活,可位于句前、句中或句末,常由逗号将其与句子其它部分分开。
它有以下几个特点:1. 独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在。
2. 独立主格结构一般用逗号与主句分开,但与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。
3. 做时间状语、原因状语、条件状语、方式状语、伴随状语等时候,通常可转换成状语从句或并列句。
二、独立主格结构的三种类型:(一)非谓语动词独立主格结构逻辑主语+非谓语动词(不定式、现在分词、过去分词)1. 名词(代词)+现在分词分词作状语,当其逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时,分词应有自己的逻辑主语,构成分词的独立结构。
用名词(代词)+现在分词时,名词(代词)与动词构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
此时的现在分词通常表示动作正在进行(或当时正在进行)。
有时现在分词不表示进行,而表示一般情况的状态或动作。
a) Such being the case, you have no grounds for dismissing him.如果情况如此的话,你没有理由解聘他。
b) He lay at full length upon his stomach,his head resting upon his left forearm.他的脊背朝天,四肢伸展,头枕着左臂,直挺挺地趴伏着。
c) Their room was on the third floor, its window overlooking the sports ground.他们的房间在三层楼上,窗户俯视着操场。
(表示一般情况的状态或动作)2. 名词(代词)+ 过去分词名词(代词)与动词构成逻辑上的动宾关系, 表示被动意义或完成意义。
独立主格结构例题及解析
独立主格结构例题及解析
独立主格结构是英语语法中的一种特殊句法结构,它由一个名
词或代词作为主语,后面跟着一个动词或形容词短语,用来表示补
充或解释主句的内容。
下面是一个例题及解析:
例题,他们走了,天空中飘起了雪花。
解析,在这个句子中,"他们走了"是主句,"天空中飘起了雪花"是独立主格结构。
独立主格结构"天空中飘起了雪花"用来进一步描述或解释主句中"他们走了"的情况。
可以看出,独立主格结构与主
句之间用逗号隔开。
独立主格结构常常用来表示时间、原因、条件、方式、结果等,它可以增加句子的信息量,使句子更加丰富和生动。
另外,还有一些其他的独立主格结构的例子:
1. 天黑了,他们还在继续工作。
2. 天气很热,我们决定去游泳。
3. 大雨倾盆,他们只能躲在屋子里。
4. 他们赢得了比赛,欢呼声响彻整个体育场。
5. 音乐响起,人们开始跳舞。
以上例子中,独立主格结构分别用来表示时间、条件、方式、结果等,都起到了补充和解释主句的作用。
总结,独立主格结构是一种常见的英语句法结构,它由一个名词或代词作为主语,后面跟着一个动词或形容词短语,用来补充或解释主句的内容。
它可以表示时间、原因、条件、方式、结果等。
在使用独立主格结构时,需要注意与主句之间用逗号隔开,以及结构的逻辑关系和语法正确性。
2019专八语法知识点精讲:独立主格
2019专八语法知识点精讲:独立主格独立主格结构独立主格结构由名词或代词加上其他成分(分词、不定式、名词、代词、形容词、副词或介词短语)构成。
独立主格结构没有主语和谓语,所以在语法上不是句子。
但多有名词或代词表示的逻辑主语,分词或不定式表示的逻辑谓语,有时还有其他修饰成分。
(判断一个结构是否是句子的标准就是看看这个结构是否有谓语动词。
)这种结构通常在句子中起方式、时间、原因、条件等状语或状语从句的作用,主要用于书面语。
使用动词非谓语形式的独立主格结构能够改为句子形式(从句):独立主格结构加上连词,非谓语动词改为谓语动词形式,这样就成为从句了。
例如:Today being Sunday, the library isn' t open.今天星期天,图书馆不开放。
(原因)改为从句:As (Since) today is Sunday, the library isn' t open.例如:There being no buses,we had to take a taxi. 没有汽车了,我们只好坐出租车了。
Because there were no buses, we had to take a taxi.The signal given,the bus started.信号发出后,公共汽车就启动了。
(时间)改为从句:After the signal was given, the bus started.The boy followed that man here,and climbed in,sword in hand.少年跟那个人到这里,并爬了进来,手里拿着剑。
The boy followed that man here,and climbed in,and had a sword in his hand.The mid-term examination is over, the end-of-term examination to come two months later.期中考试结束了,两个月之后实行期末考试.The mid-term examination is over, and the end-of-term examination is to come two months later.Weather permitting, we' 11 visit the Great Wall.如果天气允许的话,我们就去参观长城。
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2019考研英语语法解析:独立主格结构
学习语法和学习语言是相辅相成的,英语水平要提升,语法知识点必须要熟练掌握。
基础复习阶段,对于遇到的相关语法一定要弄懂弄会。
小编分解各个语法知识点,帮助大家一一攻克。
下面是独立主格结构语法知识点解析:
2019考研英语语法解析:独立主格结构
独立主格结构由名词或代词加上其他成分(分词、不定式、名词、代词、形容词、副词或介词短语)构成。
独立主格结构没有主语和谓语,所以在语法上不是句子。
但多有名词或代词表示的逻辑主语,分词或不定式表示的逻辑谓语,有时还有其他修饰成分。
(判断一个结构是否是句子的标准就是看看这个结构是否有谓语动词。
)这种结构通常在句子中起方式、时间、原因、条件等状语或状语从句的作用,主要用于书面语。
使用动词非谓语形式的独立主格结构可以改为句子形式(从句):独立主格结构加上连词,非谓语动词改为谓语动词形式,这样就成为从句了。
例如:
Today being Sunday, the library isn\ t open.今天星期天,图书馆不开放。
(原因)改为从句:
As (Since) today is Sunday, the library isn\ t open.
例如:
There being no buses,we had to take a taxi. 没有汽车了,我们只好坐出租车了。
Because there were no buses, we had to take a taxi.
The signal given,the bus started.信号发出后,公共汽车就启动了。
(时间)改为从句:
After the signal was given, the bus started.
The boy followed that man here,and climbed in,sword in hand.少年跟那个人到这里,并爬了进来,手里拿着剑。
The boy followed that man here,and climbed in,and had a sword in his hand.
The mid-term examination is over, the end-of-term examination to come two months later.期中考试结束了,两个月之后进行期末考试.
The mid-term examination is over, and the end-of-term examination is to come two months later. Weather permitting, we\ 11 visit the Great Wall.如果天气允许的话,我们就去参观长城。
If weather permits, we\ 11 visit the Great Wall.
The boy followed that man here, and climbed in, sword in hand.少年跟那个人到这里,并爬了进来,手里拿着剑。
(伴随状语)
上文例句中sword in hand是由名词+介词短语构成,表示伴随的情况。
这种表示伴随情的独立主格结构,有时可以用with
引出,二者的意思是一样的,with结构更加口语话,更加常用。
She left the office with tears in her eyes.她眼里含着泪水,离开了办公室。
The teacher walked into the classroom, with a ruler under his arm and some books in his hand.老师胳膊底下挟着一把尺子,手里拿着几本书,走进了教室。
The teacher walked into the classroom. He was holding a ruler under his arm and some books in his hand.
Tian\ anmen Square looks magnificent with all the lights on.华灯齐放,天安门广场显得美丽动人。
With the boy leading the way, we found his house with no difficulty.由这孩子领路,我们毫不费劲地找到他的家。
With him to give us a lead, our team is bound to turn out well.有他给我们带头,我们对一定能搞好。
1、指出下列句子中的独立主格结构:
1) My work having been finished, I went home.
---My work having been finished
2)The woman sat smiling, surrounded by her flowers, a faraway look in her eyes.
---A faraway look in her eyes
3) My watch having been lost, I didn\ t know what time it was.
---My watch having been lost
4) He came into the room, his face red with cold.
--- his face red with cold
5) There an elderly patient was sitting in her wheelchair alone, head bowed, her back to most of the others.
--- Head bowed. her back to mast of the others
6) A man came in, his face hidden by an upturned coat collar and a cap pulled law over his brow. --- His face hidden by an upturned…….
2、用独立主格结构改正下列句子:
1) Being cold, he put on his overcoat.
---It being cold, …
2) Being no bus, we had to walk home.
--- There being no bus, ...
3) Getting colder, same birds are flying away to the south.
--- It getting colder, ...
4) Being ill, Mr. Li taught the lesson in place of Mr. Wang.
--- Mr. Wang being ill, Mr. Li taught..
5) Asia is the largest continent, being about 43 million square kilometer.
---…,its size (area) being about 43….
3、用独立主格结构将括号内的汉语译成英语填空:
1)Bing Bing entered the room, _____ (手里拿着一个大苹果).
---- (with) a big apple in his hand.
2) _____(下课了),the children ran out of the class room.
---The class being over
3) The little girl waited at the bus stop for a long time, _____(鼻子冻得通红).
---her nose red with cold
4) Here comes the Shanghai train, _____ (从福州来的火车)
---the Fuzhou train to come half an hour later.
5) He was doing his homework._____ (他的父亲坐在旁边)
6) ____(谁也没有什么可说的), the meeting was closed.
-----Nobody having any more to say.。