人教版高中英语必修四第一单元知识点串讲

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人教版高中英语必修4unit1课文知识点详解.ppt

6.The first period of the engineering _p_r_o_j_e_c_t (项目) is now complete.
7.He is a _s_p_e_c_i_a_l_i_s_t_ (专家) in geography. 8.He gained our respect by his great
Book 4
Unit 1 Women of achievement
基础落实
Ⅰ.高频单词思忆
1.They started a campaign to protect the wildlife.
2.Recently they have held a fierce argument about the advantages and disadvantages of ads.
_a_c_h_i_e_v_e_m_e_n_t_s_ (成就). 9.A jazz band provided the _e_n_t_e_r_t_a_i_n_m_e_n_t_(娱
乐),while we ate and drank under the stars. 10.Mind your _b_e_h_a_v_i_o_r_(举止)！It’s bad
He was too tired to argue the point. 他太累了，不想讨论这个问题。归纳总结 argue _v_i_. _&__v_t_._争__论__；__辩__论__；__讨__论。 argue with sb.on/about/over sth.与某人争论某事 argue against/for为反对/赞成……而辩论 argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事 argue that-clause辩论说…… argument n.争论，辩论；论据；理由 an argument against反对……的理由 an argument for/in favor of赞成……的理由 put forward an argument提出论点

2020届人教版高考英语必修4知识串讲：unit 1

-人教版必修四-unit 1【基础单词】1.welfare n. 福利;福利事业2.project n. 项目;工程;规划3.institute n. 学会;学院;协会4.nest n. 巢;窝5.bond n. 联系;关系;结合;纽带6.entertainment n. 款待;娱乐;娱乐表演7.career n. 事业;生涯8.rate n. 比率;速度9.emergency n. 突发事件;紧急情况【高频词汇】1.campaign n.运动;战役vi.作战;参加运动2.shade n.荫;阴凉处vt.遮住光线3.worthwhile adj.值得的;值得做的4.childhood n.童年;幼年时代5.outspoken adj.直言的;坦诚6.respect vt.&n.尊敬;尊重;敬意7.crowd n.人群;观众vt.挤满;使拥挤8.inspire vt.鼓舞;激发;启示9.support n.&vt.支持;拥护10.audience n.观众;听众;读者11.generation n.一代;一辈12.determination n. 决心;果断13.modest adj.谦虚的;谦让的;适度的【核心词汇】1.achievement n.成就;功绩→achieve vt.完成;实现2.specialist n.专家;专业工作者→special adj.特别的;特殊的→specially adv.特别地;专门地→specialize vi. 专攻;专门从事;专注于3.connection n.连接;关系→connect vt.&vi.连接anization n.组织;机构;团体→organize vt.&vi.组织→organizer n. 组织者5.behave vt.&vi.(行为或举止)表现;举动→behaviour n.行为;习性6.observe vt.观察;观测;遵守→observation n.观察;观测→observer n.观察者;观察员7.argue vt.&vi.讨论;辩论;争论→argument n.争论;辩论8.refer vi.谈到;查阅;参考→referee n.裁判员→reference n.参考;参考书目9.intend vt.计划;打算→intention n.目的;意图10.sickness n.疾病;恶心→sick adj.恶心的11.kindness n.仁慈;好意→kind adj.善良的;好的12.considerate adj.考虑周到的→consider vt.考虑→consideration n.考虑;体谅13.deliver vt.递送;生(小孩儿)接生;发表(演说等)→delivery n.投递;分娩【词汇联想】1.以-hood为后缀的名词面面观boyhood少年时代childhood 童年adulthood成年brotherhood 手足之情parenthood父母身份;亲子关系neighborhood邻里;社区;街坊manhood男子气概2.以-ency结尾的高频名词小结emergency紧急情况fluency 流利;流畅frequency频率efficiency 效率tendency趋向;趋势3.以-ist为后缀的高频名词全接触art→artist 艺术家piano→pianist 钢琴家tour→tourist 游客science→scientist 科学家journal→journalist 新闻工作者;记者social→socialist 社会主义者special→specialist 专家psychology→psychologist 心理学家4.表示“同意”与“反对”的高频单词集锦disagree vi.不同意object vi.反对;不赞成oppose vt.反对;反抗;抵抗reject vt.抛弃;排斥;拒绝;驳回;否决support n.&vt.支持;拥护agree vi.同意approve vt.&vi.批准;赞成5.support用法小结support a family养家糊口support oneself自力更生in support of sb./sth.支持或者支援某人/某事6.deliver用法小结deliver sth.to sb.递送/传送某物给某人deliver a speech发表演说deliver a baby接生小孩【短语】1.human being 人类2.move off 离开;起程;出发3.be intended for 打算为……所用;预定给4.concern oneself with 从事;忙于;参与5.put...to death 处死6.deliver a baby 接生1.蔑视;瞧不起look down upon/on2.查阅;参考;谈判refer to3.碰巧;凑巧by chance4.(偶然)遇见;碰见come across5.继续;坚持carry on6.过着……的生活lead a...life7.(想法、问题等)涌上心头crowd in8.次于;仅次于……的be placed second to【短语联想】1.“查字典”的多种表达look up a word in the dictionaryrefer to/consult the dictionary2.carry相关短语集锦carry on with/doing sth.继续做某事……carry out实行;执行;逬行;履行(诺言、义务等)carry through帮……渡过(难关等);维持;完成【句式】1.Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙,这才使她得以开始自己的计划。

人教版高中英语必修4unit1课文知识点详解

归纳总结 observe _v_t_._看__到__；__观__察__到__；__注__意__到__；__遵__守_。 observe属于感观动词，在主动语态中，作宾补的不定式不带to ,但在被动语态中则必须用to 。 observe+宾语+do/doing sth.看到，察觉到某人做某事/正在做某事 observe sth.观察(注意到)某事物 observe that...观察到…… observe on/upon sth.关于……陈述意见 observe a child’s behavior观察一个孩子的行为 observe the terms of a contract遵守合同的条款
A library with 100 books was denoted to our school
3.She is leading a busy life but she says： “Once I stop,it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.”她的生活是繁忙的，然而，她却说：“我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。” 考点提炼 once I stop是once引导的_时__间__状__语_ 从句,主句是由_a_n_d连接的两个并列分句,crowding in为现在分词短语作伴随状语，修饰comes。
Book 4
Unit 1 Women of achievement
基础落实
Ⅰ.高频单词思忆
1.They started a campaign to protect the wildlife.
2.Recently they have held a fierce argument about the advantages and disadvantages of ads.

(2019年人教版新教材)高中英语选择性必修四单词知识点详解unit1Science Fiction

新人教版高中英语选择性必修四单词知识点详解UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION1.fiction /ˈfɪkʃn/ n.小说；虚构的事historical/ romantic/science fiction 历史/言情/科幻小说或影片fictional adj. 虚构的；编造的；小说中的2.science fiction [informal sci-fi] [abbr. SF] 科幻小说(或影片等)3.test out检验；测试test for 为鉴定……而测试test on 检验；测试4.bonus /ˈbəʊnəs/ n.意外收获；奖金；红利5.more like更像是；更接近something like 大概；大约nothing like 一点也不mot more than=at most 至多；不超过no more than=only 仅仅more … than… 与其说……倒不如说6.ridiculous /rɪˈdɪkjələs/ adj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的7.integrity /ɪnˈteɡrəti/ n.诚实正直；完整；完好the territorial integrity of the country 国家领土完整be beneath one’s dignity 有失体面stand upon one’s dignity保持尊严dignify v. 使有威严；使高贵dignified adj. 威严的；庄严的；高贵的9.salary /ˈsæləri/ n.薪水；薪金10.absurd /əbˈsɜːd/ adj.荒谬的；荒唐的11.appointment /əˈpɔɪntmənt/ n.预约；约会；委任have an appointment with sb (to do sth) 有约会make/keep an appointment 预约keep/break an appointment 按时/未按时赴约Viewing is by appointment only. 参观必须预约。

人教版高中英语必修4 第一单元unit1单词讲解

重点单词.词组讲解1. achievement n.1. 达成;完成[U]2. 成就,成绩[C]sense of achievement 成就感people of achievement 有成就的人achieve vt. 完成,实现;达到You will never achieve anything if you spend your time that way.The actor achieved fame when he was only nineteen. 那位演员十九岁时就成名了。

achieve one’s dream 实现梦想achieve success 实现成功achieve the goal 实现目标achieve ,realize, come true的区别achieve：实现成绩、目标，主语是人。

realize：实现，意识到，多指意识到某种道理、规律什么的，主语是人。

come true：实现，多指梦想、蓝图、计划，主语是梦想蓝图计划什么的。

【期末测试】Lucy has ________ all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university.A. acquiredB. finishedC. concludedD. achieved【2015北京】But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history.【2012天津】Teachers’knowledge is the key to students’achievements.2. campaignn. [C]1. 战役The campaign to seize the city was a failure. 攻占这个城市的战役失败了。

人教版高一英语必修4unit1知识点讲解教案

Unit 1 Women of achievementmon sense 常识；common practice 常规，惯例have- - in common with sb 与・••有共同之处；共同拥有⑴It is a common practice to make an appointment before going to see a doctor in western countries.(2)We are good friends though we have nothing in common.(3)The couple have this house in common.(4)Jack,in common with other boys, is crazy about computer games.(5)What do you think these two scientists have in common?2.concern oneself with 关注；对....... 感兴趣be concerned about/for 担心；忧虑be concerned about/with 对♦・感兴趣；关注be concerned that …担心 /担忧........ as far as sb be concerned 就某人而言concerned adj. 担心的，忧虑的，关心的concerning prep. 关于⑴The president is deeply concerned about this issue.(2)They were more concerned with what other women wore at the meeting.(3)She was concerned that she might miss the turning point and got lost.(4)The old woman concerns herself with the sewing work,paying attention to nothing else around her.(5)She was quite concerned about /for her son ' s safety, so she was not concerned about/with what was happening around her.3.devote …to…致力于；把・•・奉献于•一devote sth to …把・・・用于•一be devoted to 致力于；奉献于；专注于devotion n.挚爱，奉献；热心devoted adj. 挚爱的，忠诚的，全心全意的⑴Chinese woman scientist Tu Youyou devoted herself to discovering artemisinin (青蒿素) ,which has led her tothe Nobel Prize for medicine.(2)I could only devote two hours a day to work on this project.(3)His devotion to his wife and family is touching.(4)You ' d better devote as much time as possible to practicing your spoken English.4.rather than 而不是would - rather than ••• ;would rather …than …;prefer to do - rather than do …(1)I think I will have a cold drink rather than a coffee.(2)Why don ' t you ask for help,rather than trying to do it on your own?(3)You , rather than I,are to blame for the failure of the experiment.(4)I prefer to stay indoors rather than go shopping at weekends.(5)The poor boy would beg from door to door rather than ask his step mother for help.(6)Rather than throw the remaining vegetables away,the farmer would sell them at half price.(7)The father,rather than his children was to answer for the accident.(answer for 对•一负责)5.behave vi. vt. 举动；(举止或行为)表现bahaviour n. 行为；举止；态度behave well/badly be on one' s best behaviour 尽量表现得体behave oneself 表现得体⑴They behaved very badly towards their guests.(2)He behaved as if nothing had happened.(3)We hadn' t thought that the boy behaved so badly at school .6.leave+宾语+宾补使…处于…状态宾补由介词短语，形容词或者分词充当。

人教版英语必修四unit1语言知识点公开课获奖课件

(14) behave /bIˈheIv/ vt.&vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现→n. 行为；举止；习性 behaviour
(15) achievement /əˈtʃiːvmənt/ n．成就；功绩→vt.完成；达到 achieve
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(16) organization /ˌɔːɡənaIˈzeIʃn/ n．组织；机构；团体 →vt.组织；筹备 organize
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Ⅲ.精彩写句式典句背诵 1．Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project (她得以开始自己的项目)．(“only＋状语”置于句首句子用部分倒装语序) 2． Once I stop (一旦我停下来)，it all comes crowding in (涌上心头) and I remember the chimps in laboratories.(once引导的时间状语从句；现在分词短语作伴随状语)
②The staff in the zoo kept observing the baby panda. 观测 ③They observed that it was getting dark. 注意到 ④[2016·江苏书面表达]Therefore，rules should be worked out and strictly observed. 遵守
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3．v.＋on ①carry on继续；坚持 ②work on继续工作 ③talk on继续说 ④move on继续移动 ⑤try on试穿 ⑥go on进行；进展；继续
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(完整版)高中英语人教版必修4第1单元重点单词讲解

Vocabulary of Unit 4●achievement n. [C]成就,功绩;[U]达到，完成sense of achievement 成就感people of achievement 有成就的人e.g.The invention of the computer is a great achievement.同源：achieve vt.完成，达到，实现achieve one’s dream 实现梦想achieve success 实现成功achieve the goal 实现目标类似：argue & argument●connection n.连接；关系a connection between A and Bhave a/no connection with 与……有关/无关同义：be related to be linked to/with同源：connect v.e.g. Is there any connection between smoking and heart troubles?His resignation must have some connection with the recent scandal.●campaign n.运动；战役v. 作战；参加运动campaign for/against 参加争取/反对……的运动campaign to do sth. 为了做……而参加运动e.g. John is campaigning for equal rights for women.They are campaigning to save the area from building development.●behave v.举动；（举止或行为）表现behave like 表现得像behave well/badly 表现好/不好behave oneself 守规矩；举止得体同源：behavior n.行为，举止e.g. He behaved like a true gentleman.They behaved very badly towards their guests.●move off 离开；起程；出发e.g. A few minutes later, the whistle sounded and the train began to move off.●worthwhile adj.值得的；值得做的复习it is worthwhile to do sth.it is worthwhile doing sth.be worth + n./vingbe worthy of + n./of being done/ to be done●observe vt.观察；观测；遵守;庆祝observe the rules 遵守observe the spring festival 庆祝observe sb. doing sth. 观察某人在做某事observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做了某事*observe sth. done 观察某事/某物被……类似用法：一感feel二听hear, listen to三让make, let, have四看see, watch, observe, notice同源observation n.e.g. Do you observe Christmas in China?They observed him entering the bank.●respect vt.&n.尊敬；尊重；敬意vt. respect sb. for 因…..尊重某人respect sb. as…尊重/尊敬某人为…..n. show/have respect for sb.尊重/尊敬某人gain/lose one’s respect 得到/失去某人的尊敬earn/win respect 赢得尊敬out of respect 出于尊敬give respects to sb.问候某人e.g.We observed a minute's silence out of respect for the disaster victims.With his decisive handling of the dispute, he had won the respect of everyone.Everyone has a right to be treated with respect.●argue vt&vi.讨论；辩论；争吵argue for/against 赞成/反对argue with sb. about/over sth.与某人争论某事argue sb. into doing sth. = persuade sb. to do sth./into doing sth.说服某人做某事argue sb. out of doing sth. = persuade sb. not to do sth./out of doing sth. 说服某人不做某事●lead a … life 过着……的生活lead/live a happy/quiet/hard life 过着幸福的/宁静的/艰难的生活同源宾语：dream a XX dream/fight a XX fight●crowd n.人群；观众vt. 挤满；使拥挤crowd in on sb. (written) (of thoughts, questions etc.) to fill your mind so that you can think of nothing else涌上心头；涌入脑海be crowded with……被….挤满、充满e.g. Thousands of people crowded the narrow streets.Too many uncomfortable thoughts were crowding in on her.●support vt.&n支持；拥护support one’s family 养家糊口in support of 支持e.g. He has a large family to support.Only a few people are in support of the proposal.●look down upon/on蔑视；瞧不起e.g. No one likes to be looked down upon.look 短语归纳look round/about 四处查看，寻找look ahead 向前看look into 调查；检查look through 检查；绅士look after 照顾，照看look forward to 期待look out 向外看；注意，小心look up 查找，查阅；向上看●refer vi.谈到；查阅；参考(referred-referred)refer to….as 把。

人教版高中必修四英语Unit1单元知识点总结

人教版高中必修四英语Unit1单元知识点总结人教版高中必修四英语Unit 1 Women of achievementWarming up1. in pairs 成对2. quite an achievement 了不起的成就；a sense of achievement成就感achieve one's purpose达到目的；achieve one's goal达到目标3. have a lot/much in common (with)…) (与……)有很多共同之处have not much / a little in common (with)…) (与……)没有很多共同之处have something / nothing in common (with)…) (与……)有/没有共同之处in common with…与…..一样4.. give reasons for 给…理由5. fight for…为……而战斗/奋斗; fight ag ainst…为反对……而斗争fight one’s way out打出一条路fight on继续战斗fight out解决6. put sb to death处死某人,判处某人死刑sentence sb, to death 判处某人死刑frighten /scare sb. To death把某人吓得要命7. improve prison conditions改善监狱的条件8. the Nobel Peace Prize诺贝尔和平奖9. one of the top leaders高级领导人之一10. concern oneself with 让自己关注be concerned about/for…对…担心/关心show/feel concerned about/for…担心/关心/挂念……with concern关切地；have no concern for…毫不关心……have no concert with…. 与……无关as far as I am concerned 在我看来11.. welfare projects福利项目12.. China Welfare Institute中国福利协会13. a specialist in women's illnesses妇科疾病的专家14. devote all her life to将自己的一生献给… 致力于…devote sth /oneself to +n./pron./doing 或be devoted to +n./pron./doing奉献……于……15. encourage sb 鼓励某人；encourage sb to do sth.鼓励某人做某事16. show the connection between A and B显示出A和B之间的联系the connection of A with B A与B的关系/联系in connection with…与……相关联；关于……be connected with…与……有关系；与……有亲戚关系“与……有关系”表达法：be related to ; be linked with; be involved in ; be in relation to ; be in connection with17. a campaign for…争取得到……的运动 a campaign against…反对……的运动a campaign to do…为了做……而进行的运动campaign for…参加争取……的运动campaign against…参加反对……的运动18. as…as possible (= as…as one can) 尽可能……“尽力做某事”的表达法有：try to do sth. try/do one’s best to do sth.do all/ everything (that) one can to do sth.; do what one can to do sth.;make every effort to do sth; make efforts to do sth.; spare noeffort to do sth.;go all out to do sth.; do everything in one’s power.19.. rather than而不是Pre-reading, reading and comprehending20. behave like humans像人类的举止behave oneself举止得体；守规矩behave like…表现得像……behave towards…对待……behave well/with good manners表现好/有礼貌behave badly 表现不好21. the night before前一天晚上22. in the shade of…在……的阴影下in the shade 在阴凉处23. move off离开；启程；出发（=start (out)= set out= set off）Move away搬走；move out迁出；搬出去move on继续前进；进行搬迁24.warn sb. of /about sth.警告/提醒某人某事warn sb. against doing sth; 或者warn sb not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事25. make it all worthwhile觉得这一切都是值得的It is worthwhile to do sth or It is worthwhile doing sth.做某事是值得的be wo rth one’s while doing / to do s th. 值得做某事注意这些句型的差异：worth; worthy; worthwhile1）be worth + n.=be worthy of + n.The matter is worth consideration =The matter is worthy of consideration.这件事值得考虑。

高中英语人教版选择性必修四Unit1重点单词讲解

Unit 1 Science Fiction Words and expressionsfiction n.小说science fiction 科幻小说historical/romantic/realistic fictionfictional adj.虚构的，小说中的fictional character历史/言情/现实主义小说虚构的人物test out 检验；测试The university students will test out the computer program for any bugs.try outset out (to do sth.)turn outgive outleave outcarry outwork outwear out大学生们将对电脑程序进行测试，看看有没有漏洞。

试用；测试；测验出发；开始（做某事）证明是；结果是分发；用完省略；遗漏贯彻；执行；实施计算出；解决；锻炼穿破；耗尽；使厌烦bonus n.意外收获; 奖金; 红利year-end bonusmore like更像是；更接近less like 不像something like nothing likeThere is nothing like... 有点像丝毫不像；绝对不没有比...好的be more like A than B 更像是A而不是Beg.(1)He seemed more like a human than a machine.(2)社交机器人更像是一种陪伴，而不是工具。

Social robots are more like companion than tools.make an appointment with sb 和某人预约/约定keep/break an appointment 守/违约 appointment n.预约；约会；委任appoint v.任命，委派appoint sb. as ../to be sth . 任命某人为...appoint sb. to do 委派某人做某事appointed adj.指定的；约定的 1.Kate________________as secretary last month. Now she is making an______________with the marketing manager.(appoint)2. If you are invited to dinner,you are supposed to arrive no later than the ___________(appoint) time.3.A new engineer was appointed_________(deal) with the products returned by customers.was appointedappointmentappointedto dealnail n. 指甲/趾甲; 钉子vt.(用钉子)钉牢; 固定nail polishnail clipper I nailed the sign toa tree.sale n.销售saleswoman n. 女售货员; 女推销员salesman n. 男售货员; 男推销员guilt n．内疚；悔恨；犯罪；罪行a sense of guilt 内疚感guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的be guilty of 犯有…罪be/feel guilty at/about对/为…感到内疚/有愧eg.对他的罪行感到愧疚，他承认了所有的所作所为。

人教版2019高中英语选择性必修第四册Unit 1知识讲解

向……宣战宣布独立/破产宣布……成为…… 表示赞成/反对 n. 声称; 声明
【知识微练】单句语法填空 ①If you have nothing _t_o_d_e_c_la_r_e_(declare), please go through the green channel. ②In September 1939, Britain declared war _o_n_ Germany after Germany invaded
6. or rather 更确切地说(插入语) 【教材原句】
So Claire borrowed some library books for him to read, or rather, scan. (P2)所以, 克莱尔借了一些图书馆的书让他读, 或者更确切地说, 去扫描。
【词块必记】
(1) or rather=more specifically (2) rather=on the contrary (3) rather than(先后连接形式一致, to可省略)
Poland. ③When asked for his opinion, he declared strongly _a_g_a_in_s_t_ the policy, which
surprised everyone present at the meeting.
3. superior adj. 更好的; 占优势的 n. 上级, 长官; 优胜者
【典型例句】 Although her description sounded wonderful, the price was beyond
our range, so we declined. But she kept urging us to have a look at least. 虽然她的描述听着不错, 但是价格超出了我们的能力范围, 所以我们拒绝了。但是她极力劝说我们至少看一看。

人教版高中英语必修四第一单元单词讲解

人教版高中英语必修四第一单元单词讲解1.achieve①gain or reach (sth), usu by effort, skill, courage, etc （通常藉努力﹑技巧﹑勇气等）获得或达到（某事物）:achieve success, one's ambition, notoriety, peace of mind获得成功﹑实现抱负﹑落得个臭名﹑得到心情的平静.②get (sth) done; accomplish or complete 做成（某事物）; 实现; 完成: I've achieved only half of what I'd hoped to do.我希望做到的, 我仅完成了一半.> achievable adj (of an objective) that can be achieved （指目的）可完成的, 可达到的. achievement n①[U] action of achieving 完成; 达到: celebrate the achievement of one's aims庆祝愿望的实现.②[C] thing done successfully, esp with effort and skill 成就, 成绩（尤指藉努力和技巧而得到者）: the greatest scientific achievement of the decade 这十年的最伟大的科学成就.2.campaign n①series of military operations with a particular aim, usu in one area 战役: He fought in the N African campaign during the last war. 在上次战争中他在北非战役参战.②series of planned activities with a particular social, commercial or political aim 运动（为某一社会的﹑商业的或政治的目的而进行的一系列有计划的活动）:a campaign against nuclear weapons反对核武器运动* an advertising campaign, ie to promote a particular product 广告宣传运动（以推销某产品）* an election campaign 竞选运动* a campaign to raise money for the needy为贫苦人筹款的运动.> campaign v [I, Ipr, It] ~ (for/against sb/sth)take part in or lead a campaign 参加或领导一战役或运动: She spent her life campaigning for women's rights. 她毕生致力於女权运动. *campaign to have sanctions imposed发起实施制裁的运动. campaigner n person who campaigns 参加战役或运动的人: an old campaigner, ie sb with much experience of a particular activity 老练的人.3.behave v①[I, Ipr] ~ well, badly, etc (towards sb) act or conduct oneself in the specified way （举止或行为）表现: She behaves (towards me) more like a friend than a mother. 她像朋友一样（待我）, 而不像是我的母亲. * He has behaved shamefully towards his wife. 他对妻子的态度很可耻.②[I, Tn] ~ (oneself) show good manners; conduct oneself well 表现良好; 行为良好: Children, please behave (yourselves)!孩子们, 规矩些!③[I] (of machines, etc) work or function well (or in another specified way) （指机器等）运转或性能良好: How's your new car behaving?你的新汽车好使吗?> -behaved (forming compound adjs用以构成复合形容词) behaving in a specified way 有某种表现的:well-/ ill-/ badly-behaved children.4.shade n①[U] ~ (from sth)(place where there is) comparative darkness and often coolness caused by sth blocking direct light or heat, esp of the sun 荫; 阴凉处:a temperature of 35C in the shade 阴凉处35C的温度* sit in the shade of a tree, wall, etc 坐在树﹑墙等的阴凉处* Stay in the shade it's cooler.呆在背阴处吧--那儿凉快些. * The trees give some welcome shade from the sun. 这些树遮住了阳光, 很舒适凉快.②[C] (often in compounds 常用以构成复合词) thing that shuts out light or makes it less bright 遮光物:an `eye-shade 遮光帽檐*a new shade for the `lamp/`lampshade新灯罩.③shades [pl] the ~s of sth(fml 文) the darkness of sth 黑暗: the shades of evening/night暮[夜]色.④shades [pl] (infml 口esp US) sun-glasses 墨镜.⑤[U] darker part(s) of a picture, etc （图画﹑照片等的）较阴暗部分: There is not enough light and shade in your drawing.你这幅画的明暗色调不够.⑥[C] (degree or depth of) colour; hue 颜色; 色度: material in several shades of blue 几种色度的蓝色材料*choose a lighter shade 选择淡些的颜色* Do you like the blouse in this shade?你喜欢这种色度的女衬衫吗?⑦(a) [C] ~of sth slight difference in sth 细微的差别: a word with many shades of meaning有许多相近意思的一个词* people with all shades of opinion意见不一的人们. (b) [sing] a ~ (better, worse, etc) a small amount 少量; 些微: I think it's a shade warmer today.我觉得今天暖和一点儿. *She feels a shade better than yesterday. 她感觉比昨天好一些.⑧shades [pl] ~ s of sb/sth (infml 口) reminders of sb/sth 对某人[某事物]的联想:`Shades of Hitler!' I thought, as I listened to the dictator haranguing the crowd. 那个独裁者向群众声嘶力竭地训话, 我一听就想到, ‘真像希特勒!’ *In some modern fashions we can see shades of the 1930s.在有些摩登时装中可以看到三十年代的影子.⑨[C] (fml 文) soul after death; ghost 灵魂; 鬼魂; 阴魂: the shades of my dead ancestors 我的先祖的幽魂.⑩(idm 习语)put sb/sth in the `shade be very superior to sb/sth 使某人[某事物]相形失色:I thought I was quite a good artist, but your painting puts mine in the shade. 我原以为自己画得不错, 可比起你的画儿来未免相形见绌.> shade v①[Tn, Tn.pr]~ sb/sth (from sth) block off light from sb/sth; give shade to sb/sth 给某人[某物]遮住光线; 给某人[某物]阴凉: She shaded her eyes (from the sun) with her hand.她把手放在眼睛上方挡住阳光.②[Tn] screen (a lamp, light, etc) to reduce its brightness 遮挡（灯﹑光等）以减弱亮度: shade the bulb with a dark cloth用深色布遮挡灯泡使光暗些.③[Tn, Tn.p] ~ sth (in)darken (a part of a drawing, etc), eg with parallel pencil lines, to give an effect of light and shade 将（图画等的某部）颜色加深（如加铅笔线条以显出明暗效果）: shade (in) this area to represent the person's shadow 把这部分画暗些以显出人影* the shaded areas on the map地图上颜色深的地方.④[Ipr, Ip]~ from sth into sth; ~ (off) into sth (esp of colours) change gradually into (another colour or variety) （尤指颜色）逐渐变成（其他颜色）:scarlet shading (off) intopink 猩红色逐渐变成粉色* a colour that shades from blue into green由蓝逐渐变绿的颜色* (fig比喻)socialism shading into communism逐渐向共产主义过渡的社会主义. shading n [U] (use of) pencil marks, etc that give an effect of darkness in a part of a picture （绘画的）明暗（运用）.5.observe v①[I, Tn, Tf, Tw, Tnt only passive 只用於被动语态, Tng, Tni] see and notice (sb/sth); watch carefully 看到, 注意到（某人[某事物]）; 观察; 监视: He observes keenly, but says little.他观察敏锐, 但是很少说话. *observe the behaviour of birds 观察鸟类的行为*She observed that he'd left but made no comment. 她看见他离去, 但未置一词. * They observed how the tiny wings were fitted to the body.他们观看了微型翼的安装情况. * The woman was observed to follow him closely. 有人看到那女子紧跟着他. * The police observed the man entering/enter the bank. 警方监视着那男子进入银行的情况.②[Tn] (fml 文) (a) obey (rules, laws, etc) 遵守, 奉行（规则﹑法令等）:observe the speed limit 遵守速度限制规定* observe the laws of the land遵守该国法律. (b) celebrate (festivals, birthdays, anniversaries, etc) 庆祝, 过（节日﹑生日﹑周年等）:Do they observe Christmas Day in that country?那个国家的人过圣诞节吗?③[Tn, Tf] (fml 文) say by way of comment; remark 评说; 评论: He observed that it would probably rain.他说很可能下雨. * `It may rain,' he observed.‘可能要下雨, ’他说. > observer n①person who observes 观察者; 遵守者; 评论者:an observer of nature 自然界的观察家*a poor observer of speed restrictions不遵守速度限制的人.②person who attends a conference, lesson, etc to listen and watch but not to take part （会议﹑课堂等的）观察员, 旁听者:an observer at a summit conference 高峰会议上的观察员* send sb along as an observer派某人作观察员.6.respect n①[U]~ (for sb/sth)admiration felt or shown for a person or thing that has good qualities or achievements; regard 尊敬; 敬重; 钦敬: a mark, token, etc of respect尊敬的标志﹑表示等* have a deep, sincere, etc respect for sb 深深地﹑由衷地...敬重某人*I have the greatest respect for you/hold you in the greatest respect. 我非常尊敬您. * The new officer soon won/earned the respect of his men. 那新来的军官很快博得了士兵的钦敬.②[U] ~ (for sb/sth)politeness or consideration arising from admiration or regard 尊敬之表示; 尊重之情: Children should show respect for their teachers.学生要尊敬老师. * Out of respect, he took off his hat.他脱帽以示敬意. *have some, little, no, etc respect for sb's feelings相当﹑不太﹑毫不...尊重某人的感情* With (all due) respect, sir, I disagree. 先生, 恕我直言, 我不能同意.③[U] ~ (for sb/sth) protection or recognition 维护; 承认; 尊重: very little respect for human rights极不尊重人权.④[C] particular aspect or detail 方面; 着眼点: in this one respect 在这一点上* in some/all/many/several/few respects 在某些[各个/许多/几个/极少]方面*In what respectdo you think the film is biased?你认为影片在哪一方面失之偏颇?⑤(idm 习语) in respect of sth (fml or commerce 文或商) as regards sth; with special reference to sth 关於某事物; 就某方面而言: The book is admirable in respect of style. 这本书风格极佳. * price rises in respect of gas and water costs煤气费和水费涨价.with respect to sth(fml or commerce 文或商) concerning sth 涉及﹑提到或关於某事物: This is true with respect to English but not to French. 这一点在英语属实而在法语则不同. * With respect to your enquiry, I enclose an explanatory leaflet.关於你的询问, 兹附上有关说明资料.7.argue v①[I, Ipr] ~ (with sb) (about/over sth) express an opposite opinion; exchange angry words; quarrel 争论; 争辩; 争吵: The couple next door are always arguing. 邻居的夫妇总吵架. * Don't argue with your mother.不要和母亲争辩. * We argued with the waiter about the price of the meal.我们跟服务员争执那顿饭的价钱.②[I, Ipr, Tf] ~ (for/against sth) give reasons for or against sth, esp with the aim of persuading sb 说理; 争辩; 辩论:He argues convincingly.他的辩解很有说服力. * argue for the right to strike 为争取罢工权利而辩论*I argued that we needed a larger office.我据理力争我们需要大些的办公室.③[Tn] (fml 文) discuss (sth); debate 讨论; 辩论: The lawyers argued the case for hours. 律师们对那个案件辩论了几小时.④(idm 习语),argue the `toss say that one disagrees about a decision反对某项决定: Let's not argue the toss we have to accept his choice.我们不必争论已经决定的事--只好听他的.⑤(phr v)argue sb into/out of doing sth persuade sb to do/not to do sth by giving reasons 说服﹑劝说某人做[不做]某事: They argued him into withdrawing his complaint. 他们说服他撤回了投诉.> arguable adj①that can be argued or asserted 可论证的; 可断言的:It is arguable that we would be just as efficient with fewer staff. 我们的职员少一些也能发挥同样效率, 这是言之成理的.②not certain; questionable 可疑的; 有问题的: This account contains many arguable statements. 这种说法含有很多疑点.arguablyadv one can argue(2) that 可争辩地; 按理; 按说: John sings very well though Peter is arguably the better actor.约翰唱得很好, 不过按理说彼得演得更好.8.crowd v①[Ipr, Ip]~ around/round(sb)gather closely around (sb) 聚集在（某人）周围: People crowded round to get a better view. 人们争相围观. * Pupils crowded round (their teacher) to ask questions. 小学生围着（老师）提问题.②[Tn] fill (a space) so that there is little room to move 充塞（某空间）:Tourists crowded the pavement.游客把人行道挤得水泄不通. *crowd a restaurant, theatre, beach, etc挤满餐厅﹑剧院﹑海滨等.③[Tn] (infml 口) put pressure on (sb); harass给（某人）施加压力; 逼迫: Don't crowd me: give me time to think!不要逼我: 给我时间让我想想!④(idm 习语) crowd on `sail (nautical 海) raise many sails in order to increase speed 扬起许多风帆（以增加速度）.⑤(phr v)crowd in on sb (of thoughts, etc) come into the mind in large numbers （指想法等）大量涌现:Memories crowded in on me.往事一齐涌上我心头.crowd into sth; crowd in move in large numbers into a small space 大批涌入（某狭小空间内）: Supporters crowded through the gates into the stadium.来捧场的人挤过大门, 涌入运动场. * We'd all crowded into Harriet's small sitting-room. 我们大家涌进了哈丽特那狭小的客厅. * (fig 比喻)Disturbing thoughts crowded into my mind.我心乱如麻. crowd sb/sth into sth; crowd sb/sth in put many people or things into a small space or period of time; cram (sb/sth) into sth 使很多人或物挤进狭小空间或在短时期涌现出来; 勉强塞入: They crowd people into the buses.他们让许多人挤进公共汽车里. * Guests were crowded into the few remaining rooms.把客人都挤在剩余的几个房间里了. * She crowds too much detail into her paintings. 她的画过於繁杂.crowd sb/sth out (of sth) (a) keep sb/sth out of a space by filling it oneself 挤占某空间使某人[某物]无法进入: The restaurant's regular customers are being crowded out by tourists. 这家餐馆的老主顾被游客挤得不得其门而入.(b) prevent sb/sth from operating successfully 排挤某人[某事物]: Small shops are being crowded out by the big supermarkets. 小商店受到大型超级市场不断排挤.9.support[Tn] help to show that (a theory, claim, etc) is true; confirm 支持（某理论﹑主张等）; 证实; 肯定: a theory that is not supported by the facts缺乏事实根据的理论* This evidence supports my argument that she is guilty. 这一证据支持了我认为她有罪的推定.10.refer v (-rr-)①[Ipr]~ to sb/sth (a) mention or speak of sb/sth; allude to sb/sth 提到﹑说到或涉及到某人[某事物]: When I said some people are stupid, I wasn't referring to you. 我说有些人很愚蠢, 并不是指你. * Don't refer to this matter again, please.请不要再提这件事了. * This incident in his childhood is never again referred to.他小时候的这件事永远不再提了.(b) be relevant to sb/sth; concern sb/sth 与某人[某事物]有关; 关系到某人[某事物]: WhatI have to say refers to all of you. 我要说的事和你们大家都有关.②[Ipr]~ to sth/sb turn to sth/sb for information, etc 向某事物[某人]查询信息等: refer to a dictionary, an expert 查词典﹑询问专家* I referred to my watch for the exact time. 我看了一下手表好知道准确的时间. *The speaker often referred to his notes.那个讲演的人不时地看发言稿.③[Tn.pr esp passive 尤用於被动语态] ~ sb/sth to sb/sth send sb/sth to sb/sth for help, advice, action, etc 将某人[某事物]送交某人[某事物]以谋求帮助﹑指点﹑行动支持等: refer a patient to a specialist for treatment 把病人交给专科医生治疗* The dispute wasreferred to the United Nations/to arbitration. 该项争端已提交联合国处理[予以仲裁]. * I was referred to the manager/the enquiry office. 人家叫我去找经理[去问讯处]. * The reader is referred to page 3. 请读者参看第3页.④(phr v)refer sth back (to sb) return (a document, etc) to the sender for further clarification 将（文件等）退给送件人予以澄清: The letter was referred back (to us) with a query. 该函已退给（我方）要求对某问题加以解释.11.intend/ v①(a) [Tn, Tf, Tt, Tnt, Tg, Cn.n/a, Dn.n] ~ sth (as sth) have (a particular purpose or plan) in mind; mean 打算; 意欲; 想要: I meant it to be an informal discussion, but it didn't turn out as I intended (it should). 我本想随便商量一下, 结果事与愿违. *It's not what I intended (it to be).那并不是我的本意. *I hear they intend to marry/intend marrying.听说他们要结婚了. *I intended to do it, but I'm afraid I forgot. 我本有意去做, 但很遗憾, 我忘记了. *I don't intend to listen to this rubbish any longer! 我再也不想听这种无稽之谈了! *I intended it as a joke.我不过说笑罢了. * He intends you no harm, ie does not plan to harm you. 他对你并无恶意. (b) [Tf, Tnt] have (sth) as a fixed plan or purpose for sb else 为某人定下计画或目标: I intend that you shall take over the business.我有意让你接管公司. * I intend you to take over.我打算让你来接管. * You weren't intended(ie supposed) to hear that remark.你按说不应该听那些话.②[Dn.pr]~ sth for sb plan that sb should receive or be affected by sth 为某人准备某事物; 要使某人受某事物的影响:I think the bomb was intended for (ie planned to harm) me. 我认为那颗炸弹是要炸我的.③[Cn.n/a] ~ sth as sth plan that sth should be or become sth 打算使某事物成为另一事物: Was that remark intended as(ie supposed to be) a joke?那句话是不是当作笑话说的?④[Tn.pr] ~ sth by sth plan that sth should have the specified meaning 欲使某事物具有某意义; 意指; 意谓:What did he intend by that remark? 他说那话是什麽意思?> intended adj①[attrib 作定语] planned; meant; desired 计画的; 打算的; 意欲的: the intended meaning, result, effect, purpose原来的意思﹑想要的结果﹑预期的效果﹑原有的目的.②~ for sb/sth [pred 作表语] planned or designed for sb/sth 为（某人[某事物]）计画或设计:a book, course, programme, etc intended for children, adults, beginners, etc 为儿童﹑成人﹑初学者等而写的书﹑开设的课程﹑编排的节目等* water (not) intended for drinking（非）饮用水.12.deliver v①[I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr]~ (sth) (to sb/sth) take (letters, parcels, goods, etc) to the places or people they are addressed to 递送, 传送（信件﹑包裹﹑货物等）: We deliver (your order) to your door! 我们送货上门! * A courier delivered the parcels (to our office). 送急件的人将包裹送来（送到我们办公室）了. * Did you deliver my message to my father?你把我的信息传给我父亲了吗?②(a) [Tn.pr only passive 只用於被动语态]be ~ed of sb (fml文) give birth to (a child) 生（小孩儿）: She was delivered of a healthy boy. 她生了一个健康的男孩儿. (b) [Tn] help a mother to give birth to (a child) 协助产妇分娩; 助产; 接生: Her baby was delivered by her own doctor.她的婴儿是由她自己的医生给接生的. (c) [Tn.pr]~ oneself of sth(fml 文) state sth 发言; 发表: deliver oneself of an opinion, a judgement, etc发表意见﹑看法等.③[Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] ~ sth (up/over) (to sb) (fml 文) give sth up; hand sth over; surrender sth 放弃某事物; 交出某物: deliver (up) a fortress to the enemy 弃守要塞任敌人占据* deliver over one's property to one's children把财产交给子女.④[Tn, Tn.pr] give (a lecture, sermon, speech, etc) 授（课）; 讲（道）; 讲（话）: She delivered a talk on philosophy to the society. 她给学会作了一次有关哲学的讲话.⑤[Tn, Tn.pr]~ sb (from sth) (arch古) rescue sb (from sth); save sb; free sb 拯救某人; 解救某人; 释放某人: May God deliver us from evil. 愿上帝拯救我们脱离罪恶.⑥(a) [Tn] throw or launch (sth) in flight; release 投掷, 发射（某物）; 放出: In cricket, the ball is delivered overarm. 打板球时, 要举臂过肩掷球. * The missile is delivered from underground. 这种导弹由地下发射. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr] give (a blow) 给予（打击）: deliver a blow to the jaw 给颌部一击* (fig 比喻) The teacher delivered a sharp rebuke to the class.教师尖刻地申斥了全班学生.⑦(infml 口) (a) [I, Ipr]~ (on sth) give what is expected or promised 不负所望; 履行诺言: They promise to finish the job in June, but can they deliver (on that)?他们答应六月份完成这项工作, 但他们能说到做到吗? (b) [Tn] achieve (a level of performance) 达到（某一能力﹑性能等的水平）: The new model delivers speed and fuel economy. 这种新型设计能提高速度﹑节约燃料. * If you can't deliver improved sales figures, you're fired!你要是不能提高销售额, 就把你解雇!⑧(idm 习语) come up with/deliver the goods => goods.> deliverer n①person who delivers (deliver 1, 2, 3, 4) 递送者; 助产者; 述说者; 放弃者; 交付者; 授课者; 讲道者; 演讲者.②rescuer; saviour 拯救者; 救星.。

人教新课标必修4 Unit 1知识点讲解

人教新课标必修4 Unit 1知识点讲解重点词汇1. achieve【课文原句】She has achieved everything she wanted to do… (P3)【名师点拨】achieve v. 意为“完成；达到”，指经过长期努力而达到某目标、地位或标准等。

其名词形式为achievement，意为“成就；功绩”，a sense of achievement可指“成就感”。

如：He had finally achieved success.Even a small success gives you a sense of achievement.2. condition【课文原句】She helped improve prison conditions and gave prisoners work and education. (P1)【名师点拨】condition 意为“环境；境况；条件”时，是可数名词，常用复数形式conditions；意为“状态；状况”时，是不可数名词，be in good condition表示“处于良好的状态”，be out of condition表示“健康状况不佳”。

如：We should pay more attention to the poor living under the bad conditions.The astronauts soon got used to the condition of weightlessness.My car is old but in good condition.He is overweight and out of condition.【知识拓展】condition意为“条件”时，常用短语on condition that，表示“如果；在……条件下”；在美国英语中，也经常用under the condition that。