实例深度分析如何看懂托福阅读长难句
托福阅读备考之长难句分析:消失的化石记录
托福阅读备考之长难句分析:消失的化石记录下面给大家分享托福阅读备考之长难句分析:消失的化石记录的相关内容,希望你们喜欢。
托福阅读备考之长难句分析:消失的化石记录Many plants and animals disappear abruptly from the fossil record as one moves from layers of rock documenting the end of the Cretaceous up into rocks representing the beginning of the Cenozoic (the era after the Mesozoic). (TPO 8 E某tinction of the Dinosaurs) 句子分析本句的主句是Many plants and animals disappear abruptly from the fossil record,而as引导的是时间状语从句,表示“随着……〞。
在这个时间状语从句中,documenting和representing都是现在分词作后置定语,分别修饰前面的layers of rock和rocks。
词汇精记the Cretaceous指的是“白垩纪〞,是中生代的一个纪。
在这个时期里,大陆之间被海洋分开,地球变得温暖、干旱,于此同时,许多新的恐龙物种也开始出现。
the Cenozoic指的是“新生代〞,是地球历史上最新的一个地质时代。
随着恐龙的灭绝,中生代结束,新生代开始。
这一时期以哺乳动物和被子植物的高度繁盛为特点。
The Mesozoic就是“新生代之前的中生代时期〞。
abruptly作副词,表示“突然地〞,比方:It had never occurred to her that a new possibility would crop up abruptly. 她万万没有想到会突然出现一种新的可能性。
托福长难句120句解析
托福长难句120句解析一、句子解析1. The professor's lecture was so convoluted that it was difficult for the students to follow.解析:这个句子中,convoluted意为“复杂的”,表示教授的讲座内容非常复杂,以至于学生很难理解和跟随。
2. Despite her extensive preparation, she struggled with the difficult questions on the exam.解析:这个句子中,despite意为“尽管”,表示尽管她做了大量的准备工作,但仍然在考试中遇到了困难的问题。
3. The author uses a series of rhetorical questions to engage the reader and provoke thought.解析:这个句子中,rhetorical questions意为“修辞性问题”,表示作者使用了一系列的修辞性问题来吸引读者并引发思考。
4. The government's decision to increase taxes was met with widespread opposition from the public.解析:这个句子中,met with意为“遭遇”,表示政府增税的决定受到了公众的广泛反对。
5. The new technology has the potential to revolutionize the way we live and work.解析:这个句子中,has the potential to意为“有潜力”,表示新技术有潜力彻底改变我们的生活和工作方式。
6. The company's profits have plummeted as a result of the economic downturn.解析:这个句子中,plummeted意为“暴跌”,表示由于经济衰退,公司的利润暴跌。
托福阅读考试长难句分析
托福阅读考试长难句分析托福阅读长难句分析(1)In order for the structure to achieve the size and strength necessary to meet itspurpose, architecture employs methods of support that, because they are based on physical laws, have changed little since people first discovered them——evenwhile building materials have changed dramatically.(44)大家先自己理解,多想想,先别看解析,看不明白,再看下面的解析。
(In order for the structure) (to achieve the size and strength necessary to meet its purpose), architecture employs methods of support that, (because they are based on physical laws), have changed little since people first discovered them—— (even while building materials have changed dramatically. )老邪分析:一个句子重点在于主干,看懂了主干,就看懂了句子的主要成分。
以下主干为句子中红色部分,括号里均是修饰成分。
修饰一:(In order for the structure),介词短语修饰二:(to achieve the size and strength necessary to meet its purpose),非谓语做形容词性修饰structure修饰三:(because they are based on physical laws),插入语,插入语记得先跳过去,断句别出问题,that和have changed是在一起的。
托福阅读paraphrase题型解题思路技巧实例分析
托福阅读paraphrase题型解题思路技巧实例分析托福阅读中有一种题型会要求大家概括解释某个段落或是某个长难句,并给出选项让大家选择,今天小编给大家带来了托福阅读paraphrase题型解题思路技巧实例分析。
希望能够帮助到大家,下面小编就和大家分享,来欣赏一下吧。
托福阅读paraphrase题型解题思路技巧实例分析托福阅读中的paraphrase问题如何应对?在托福阅读中,还有一类题型经常出现,那就是paraphrase。
这类问题需要大家在给出的选项选择与文章中的长难句意义相近的一句话。
这类问题还是有一定难度的,因为选项中存在一些干扰项。
那么这类问题有哪些解题技巧呢?Strategies to answer this question:1. 划分句子主谓宾,充分理解句子意思;2. 将句子大意用自己的话复述一遍,简化句子成分;3. 看问题选项中有没有跟刚复述的句子意义相似的句子;4. 选出正确答案后,看一下其他错误选项。
这些错误选项有的意思跟原文不同,有的漏掉了原文中的重要内容。
找出这些错误,确保万无一失。
Example:大家先来看一个例子:Rather than sell the painting, which is most likely worth millions of dollars, the Jesuits decided to make it available to the nation of Ireland for viewing. Thus, the painting is on “indefinite loan” to the National Gallery of Ireland. Nevertheless, the painting continues its travels as it features in exhibitions around the world, from the United States to Amsterdam.Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence?a. The National Gallery of Ireland now owns the painting.b. The National Gallery of Ireland bought the painting from the Jesuits.c. The National Gallery of Ireland can display the painting, but the Jesuits still own it.d. The National Gallery of Ireland can display the painting as long as they allow it to travel.想要回答正确,就要准确理解文中indefinite loan的意思。
托福阅读备考之长难句分析:地球上的二氧化碳
托福阅读备考之长难句分析:地球上的二氧化碳下面给大家分享托福阅读备考之长难句分析:消失的化石记录的相关内容,希望你们喜欢。
托福阅读备考之长难句分析:地球上的二氧化碳The answer to the first question is that carbon dioxide is still found in abundance on Earth, but now, instead of being in the form of atmospheric carbon dioxide, it is either dissolved in the oceans or chemically bound into carbonate rocks, such as the limestone and marble that formed in the oceans. ( TPO41, 53) abundance /?'b?nd(?)ns/ n. 丰富,充裕atmospheric /?tm?s'fer?k/ adj. 大气的dissolve /d?'z?lv/ v. 溶解limestone /?la?m?st??n/ n. 石灰石marble /'mɑ?b(?)l/ n. 大理石大家自己先读,不回读,看一遍是否能理解The answer to the first question is ( that carbon dioxide is still found in abundance on Earth), but now, (instead of being in the form of atmospheric carbon dioxide), it is either dissolved in the oceans or chemically bound into carbonate rocks, (such as the limestone and marble) (that formed in the oceans.) ( TPO41, 53) 托福阅读长难句分析:这个句子的主干是:The answer to the first question is 从句 , but now, it is either dissolved in the oceans or chemically bound into carbonate rocks 修饰一:(that carbon dioxide is still found in abundance on Earth) ,从句中文:在地球上二氧化碳依然可以大量被找到修饰二:(instead of being in the form of atmospheric carbon dioxide) ,介词短语中文:它不是以大气中的二氧化碳的形式出现修饰三:(such as the limestone and marble that formed in the oceans.) ,介词短语中文:例如在海洋中形成的石灰石和大理石修饰四:(that formed in the oceans.) ,从句中文:在海洋中形成的参考翻译:第一个问题的答案是,在地球上二氧化碳依然可以大量被找到,但是现在,它不是以大气中的二氧化碳的形式出现,它溶解在海洋里或者通过化学作用进入碳酸盐岩中,例如在海洋中形成的石灰石和大理石。
托福黄金阅读技巧:长难句分析
托福黄金阅读技巧:长难句分析长难句是我们做托福阅读是最怕遇到的,现在小编分享一些长难句分析给大家,希望对你们的学习有帮助。
长难句分析:二战之后的加拿大Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War is the country's impressive population growth.(倒装结构Basic to any understanding…is…)要理解二战之后20年中的加拿大,就必须了解该国惊人的人口增长。
分句1:Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War分句2:is分句3:the country's impressive population growth分句1,2,3共同构成倒装句,正常的语序应该是3,2,1,即:该句的正常语序是The country's impressive population growth is basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War.本句是一个简单句,只不过使用了倒装,谓语动词是is.长难句分析:昆虫的数量The fact that half of the known species are thought to inhabit the world's rain forests does not seem surprising,considering the huge numbers of insects that comprise the bulk of the species.(同位语从句fact that…;定语从句that comprise the bulk…)【译句】考虑到组成大部分物种的昆虫的巨大数量,认为半数的已知物种栖息在世界的雨林中这一事实看起来并不令人吃惊。
托福阅读paraphrase题型解题思路技巧实例分析通用4篇
托福阅读paraphrase题型解题思路技巧实例分析通用4篇托福考试阅读长难句解析篇一Their competition and collaboration werecreating the broadcasting industry in the United States, beginning with theintroduction of commercial radio programming in the early 1920s.记忆单词:competition n.比赛competitor n.参赛者competent adj.有能力的competence n.能力collaboration n.合作collaborate v.合作commercial adj.商业的commodity n.商品理解句子:此句结构清晰,划线部分为分词作状语。
托福阅读paraphrase题型解题思路技巧实例分析篇二托福阅读中的paraphrase问题如何应对?在托福阅读中,还有一类题型经常出现,那就是paraphrase。
这类问题需要大家在给出的选项选择与文章中的长难句意义相近的一句话。
这类问题还是有一定难度的,因为选项中存在一些干扰项。
那么这类问题有哪些解题技巧呢?Strategies to answer this question:1、划分句子主谓宾,充分理解句子意思;2、将句子大意用自己的话复述一遍,简化句子成分;3、看问题选项中有没有跟刚复述的句子意义相似的句子;4、选出正确答案后,看一下其他错误选项。
这些错误选项有的意思跟原文不同,有的漏掉了原文中的重要内容。
找出这些错误,确保万无一失。
Example:大家先来看一个例子:Rather than sell the painting, which is most likely worthmillions of dollars, the Jesuits decided to make it available to the nation of Ireland for viewing. Thus, the painting is on “indefinite loan” to the National Gallery of Ireland. Nevertheless, the painting continues its travels as it features in exhibitions around the world, from the United States to Amsterdam.Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence?a. The National Gallery of Ireland now owns the painting.b. The National Gallery of Ireland bought the painting from the Jesuits.c. The National Gallery of Ireland can display the painting, but the Jesuits still own it.d. The National Gallery of Ireland can display the painting as long as they allow it to travel.想要回答正确,就要准确理解文中indefinite loan的意思。
TOEFL托福阅读长难句分析汇总
TOEFL托福阅读长难句分析汇总为了让大家更好的预备托福考试,我给大家整理托福阅读长难句,下面我就和大家共享,来观赏一下吧。
托福阅读长难句1As relative newcomers to the Southwest, a place where their climate, neighbors,and rulers could be equally inhospitable, the Navajo created these art forms to affect the world around them, not just through the recounting of the actions symbolized, but through the beauty and harmony of the artworks themselves. (TPO41, 49)大家自己先读,不回读,看一遍是否能理解(As relative newcomers to the Southwest), (a place) (where their climate, neighbors, and rulers could be equally inhospitable), the Navajo created these art forms to affect the world around them, (not just through the recounting of the actions symbolized, but through the beauty and harmony of the artworks themselves. ) (TPO41, 49)托福阅读长难句100句分析:这个句子的主干局部:the Navajo created these art forms to affect the world around them修饰一:(As relative newcomers to the Southwest),介词短语中文:作为西南部相对较新的人修饰二:(a place) ,同位语中文:一个地方修饰三:(where their climate, neighbors,and rulers could be equally inhospitable) ,从句中文:在那里气候恶劣、邻居冷漠以及统治者暴政修饰四:(not just through the recounting of the actions symbolized, but through the beauty and harmony of the artworks themselves. ),介词短语留意这里有一个搭配:not just … but …不仅…而且中文:不仅是通过详述这些象征性的行为,而且还通过艺术品本身的美和和谐托福阅读长难句100句参考翻译:作为西南部(在那里气候恶劣、邻居冷漠以及统治者暴政)相对较新的人,纳瓦霍人不仅是通过详述这些象征性的行为,而且还通过艺术品本身的美和和谐,制造了这些艺术形式来影响他们四周的世界。
托福考试阅读120句长难句解析
托福考试阅读120句长难句解析以下就是三立在线小编为大家整理的托福考试阅读120句长难句分析。
希望对各位考生的备考有所帮助:100.Not only did they cater to the governorand his circle,but citizens from all over the colony came to the capital forlegislative sessions of the assembly a nd council and the meetings of the courtsof justice.(特殊结构 notonly...but;倒装 Not only did...) 不仅他们为总督和他的圈子提供服务,而且殖民地各地的公民来首府参加两院和市政会的立法会议以及法庭会议。
分句 1:Not only did they cater to thegovernor and his circle分句 2:but citizens from all over the colonycame to the capital for legislative s essions of the assembly and council andthe meetings of the courts of justice. 1和2并列倒装+省略: 正常语序:They did not only cater to the governor and his circle, but citizens from all over the colony (also) came to the capital for legislativesessi ons of the assembly and council and the meetings of the courts of justice.102.The motivation derived from thetext,and in the case of singing,the music, in combination with the performer'sskills,personality,and ability to create emp athy will determine the success ofartistic,political,or pedagogic communication(句子主干是the motivation...and...the music...will determine the success...;in co mbinationwith...与...相结合) 从剧本里获得的动力,还有(在演唱的情况下的)音乐,与表演者的技巧、个性和引起共鸣的能力相结合,将决定艺术、政治或者教学等交际活动的成功与否。
toefl长难句200例精讲与精练
Toefl长难句200例精讲与精练导言托福(T OE FL)考试中,长难句是阅读和听力部分常见的难点之一。
掌握长难句的解读和运用对于备考者来说至关重要。
本文将提供200个精选的长难句例题,并进行深入解析和练习,帮助考生更好地掌握托福长难句。
第一部分:例题解析1.1长难句例题1高考英语试卷中,“I t is+被强调部分+th a t/wh o+其他部分”的句型非常常见。
请分析下面这个例句:>I ti st he sh ee rs cal e of th eI nt er ne t's i nf lu en ce th at mak e si ts or e ma rk ab le.这个句子的主干是“t he sh ee rs ca le of t he In te rn et's inf l ue nc e”,而主语是整个句子的强调部分。
1.2长难句例题2在阅读中,遇到由一个“主语从句”和一个“宾语从句”组成的句子结构时,要注意从属连词的引导和从句中的主谓一致。
请分析下面这个例句:>I ti si mp or ta nt tha t st ud en ts un de rst a nd th ei mp or ta nce o ft im em a na ge me nt if th eyw a nt to su cc ee d.这个句子的主句是“I t is im po rt an t”,从句是“t ha ts tu de nt su nd e rs ta nd th ei mp ort a nc eo ft im em an age m en ti ft he y wa nt to su cc ee d”,注意从句中的主谓一致现象。
1.3长难句例题3有时候,长难句会通过添加让步状语从句来增加句子的复杂度和意义。
请分析下面这个例句:>D es pi te be in gt ire d,I de ci de dt og ofo r ar un.这个句子中,“D esp i t e be in gt ir ed”是一个让步状语从句,它表达了尽管疲倦,但我还是决定去跑步的意思。
托福阅读长难句分析:强调句结构
托福阅读长难句分析:强调句结构以下我们来分析托福阅读长难句强调句的基本结构,为大家带来托福阅读长难句分析:强调句结构,希望对大家托福备考有所帮助。
更多精彩尽请关注!托福阅读长难句分析:强调句结构强调句(The Emphatic Pattern)是通过对句子某一部分的强调来达到修辞作用的句子。
以下我们来看强调句的基本结构~It is/ was +被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+其他部分嗯~o(_▽ ̄_o说的这里,大家一定什么都还不知道吧~哈哈。
哈哈哈哈。
_( ̄0 ̄)_~。
好吧,我们来举个栗子The prince found Cinderella’s crystal shoe on the stairs yesterday.昨天,王子在楼梯上发现了灰姑凉的水晶鞋。
首先我们来普通地分析一下这个普通的句子的普通的结构。
主语:the prince;谓语:found;宾语:Cinderella’s crystal shoe;地点状语:on the stairs;时间状语:yesterday然后!我们来变形强调句!美少女变身balalalala~强调主语It was the prince who/that found Cinderella’s crystal shoe on the stairs yesterday.强调宾语It was Cinderella’s crystal shoe that the prince found on the stairs yesterday.强调地点状语It was on the stairs that the prince found Cinderella’s crystal shoe yesterday.强调时间状语It was yesterday that the prince found Cinderella’s crystal shoe on the stairs.变身完成~~~很简单啊有木有~但是。
托福长难句120句解析
托福长难句120句解析1. 英语中的长难句往往给学习者带来困惑和挑战。
2. 本文将为大家解析120个托福长难句,帮助大家更好地理解和应对这些句子结构复杂的句子。
3. 第一句:Although he had studied hard, he still failed the test.4. 这个句子是一个典型的虽然...但是...的结构,虽然他努力学习,但仍然没有通过考试。
5. 这种结构在托福阅读和听力中经常出现,所以我们要注意理解和运用这种句子结构。
6. 第二句:Not only did he win the competition, but he also broke the record.7. 这个句子是一个典型的不仅...而且...的结构,他不仅赢得了比赛,而且还打破了纪录。
8. 在托福写作和口语中,我们也可以使用这种结构来增强句子的表达能力。
9. 第三句:It was not until midnight that he finished his work.10. 这个句子是一个典型的直到...才...的结构,直到午夜他才完成了工作。
11. 这种结构在托福考试中经常出现,所以我们要熟悉并运用这种句子结构。
12. 第四句:The more books you read, the more knowledge you will gain.13. 这个句子是一个典型的越...越...的结构,你读的书越多,你就会获得越多的知识。
14. 在托福阅读和写作中,我们可以使用这种结构来增强句子的比较和对比效果。
15. 第五句:Despite the rain, they still went hiking in the mountains.16. 这个句子是一个典型的尽管...但是...的结构,尽管下雨,他们仍然去爬山。
17. 这种结构在托福听力和口语中经常出现,所以我们要注意理解和运用这种句子结构。
18. 第六句:As the saying goes, "Practice makes perfect."19. 这个句子是一个典型的正如谚语所说,"熟能生巧"。
托福阅读长难句太复杂完全看不懂
托福阅读长难句太复杂完全看不懂托福阅读长难句太复杂完全看不懂?来学习一下这11个经典难句翻译找感觉下面就和大家分享托福阅读长难句太复杂完全看不懂,希望能够帮助到大家,快来学习一下吧。
托福阅读长难句太复杂完全看不懂1. Accordingto conventional theory, yawning takes place when people are bored or sleepy andserves the function of increasing alertness by reversing, through deeperbreathing, the drop in blood oxygen levels that are caused by the shallowbreathing that accompanies lack of sleep or boredom.【译文】根据传统的理论,当人们无聊或者困倦的时候,打哈欠会出现。
打哈欠通过深呼吸来逆转血液中氧含量的降低,从而的起到提高警觉的功能。
而血液中氧含量的降低是由浅呼吸导致的,而浅呼吸又伴随着缺觉或无聊。
2. The keyfactor in the success of these countries (along with high literacy, whichcontributed to it) was their ability to adapt to the international division oflabor determined by the early industrializers and to stake out areas ofspecialization in international markets for which they were especially wellsuited.【译文】这些国家成功的关键因素(促成这个因素的是高识字率)是他们有能力适应由早期的工业化国家决定的劳动力国际分工并占领了他们特别适合的国际市场中的专业化领域。
托福考试阅读长难句专题解析
托福考试阅读长难句专题解析托福考试阅读长难句专题解析We all have moments of desperation. But if we can face them head on, that’s when we find out just how strong we really are.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的托福考试阅读长难句专题解析,希望能给大家带来帮助!Darwin’s theory was that the succession from one coral reef type to another could be achieved by the upward growth of coral from a sinking platform, and that there would be a progression from a fringin greef, through the barrier reef stage until, with the disappearance through subsidence (sinking) of the central island, only a reef-enclosed lagoon or atoll would survive.(TPO47,62) 大家自己先读,不回读,看一遍是否能理解Darwin’s theory was that the succession from one coral reef type to another could be achieved by the upward growth of coral from a sinking platform, and that there would be a progression from a fringing reef, (through the barrier reef stage) until, (with the disappearance through subsidence(sinking) of the central island),only a reef-enclosed lagoon or atoll would survive.(TPO47, 62)托福阅读长难句分析:修饰一:the succession from one coral reef type to another could be achieved by the upward growth of coral from a sinking platform,从句中文:一种珊瑚礁种类可以通过从一个正在下沉的平面上向上生长演化成为另一种种类修饰二:(through the barrier reef stage),插入语中文:经过堡礁阶段修饰三:(with the disappearance through subsidence(sinking) of the central island),介词短语中文:由于中央岛因为下沉消失了修饰四:there would be a progression from a fringing reef,从句中文:从岸礁的`演变修饰五:only a reef-enclosed lagoon or atoll would survive,从句中文:只剩下珊瑚环绕的泻湖或环礁保存下来托福阅读长难句参考翻译:达尔文的理论是:一种珊瑚礁种类可以通过从一个正在下沉的平面上向上生长演化成为另一种种类,并且,通过岸礁就演变到堡礁,直到由于中央岛因为下沉消失了,只剩下珊瑚环绕的泻湖或环礁保存下来。
托福阅读长难句句子分析汇总
托福阅读长难句句子分析汇总为了帮助大家备考托福。
提高阅读成绩,打有准备的仗,下面小编给大家带来托福阅读长难句句子分析汇总,希望大家喜欢。
托福阅读长难句:湖泊蓄水层的储量原文:Estimates indicate that the aquifer contains enough water to fill Lake Huron, but unfortunately, under the semiarid climatic conditions that presently exist in the region, rates of addition to the aquifer are minimal, amounting to about half a centimeter a year.参考翻译:估计表明:蓄水层包含充足的水去填满Huron湖。
但很不幸,在目前这个地区半干旱气候条件下,蓄水层的补水率很小,总计大约一年50毫米。
词汇讲解:aquifer /'?kw?f?/ n. 含水土层semiarid /?sem(a)?'?r?d/ adj. 半干旱的结构划分:Estimates indicate (that the aquifer contains enough water to fill Lake Huron), but unfortunately, (under the semiarid climatic conditions) (that presently exist in the region), rates of addition to the aquifer are minimal, (amounting to about half a centimeter a year.)解析:修饰一:(under the semiarid climatic conditions),介词短语,修饰后面红色主干部分中文:在半干旱气候条件下修饰二:(that presently exist in the region),从句,修饰conditions中文:现在存在于这个地区修饰三:(amounting to about half a centimeter a year. ) ,非谓语动词,修饰前面红色主干中文:总计大约一年50毫米主干:rates ofaddition to the aquifer are minimal中文:蓄水层的补水率很小托福阅读长难句:甘薯的来源考据原文:As Patrick Kirch, an American anthropologist, points out, rather than being brought by rafting South Americans, sweet potatoes might just have easily been brought back by returning Polynesian navigators who could have reached the west coast of South America.翻译:正如美国人类学家Patrick Kirch所指出的,甘薯并不是南美人用筏运来的,而是通过已经去过南美西海岸的玻利尼西亚返航者很方便就带来了。
托福阅读备考之分析长难句:举行集会
托福阅读备考之分析长难句:举行集会在托福阅读考试当中,大家都知道长难句是最大的一个难点,很多考生也为之头疼不已。
对于托福阅读文章本来就很长,对于一篇文章也只有20来分钟的时间,其中就有12-14道题,给了考生很大的压力。
那么应该如何应对托福阅读考试的这个长呢?下面小编给大家带来托福阅读备考之长难句分析:举行集会。
托福阅读备考之长难句分析:举行集会The focus of life was the agora, the open marketplace where assemblies could be held and where issues of the day, as well as more fundamental topics such as the purpose of government or the relationship between law and freedom, could be discussed and decisions made by individuals in person. ( TPO43, 50) assembly /?'sembl?/ n. 集合,集会;装配,安装大家自己先读,不回读,看一遍是否能理解The focus of life was the agora, (the open marketplace) (where assemblies could be held) and (where issues of the day, as well as more fundamental topics such as the purpose of government or the relationship between law and freedom, could be discussed and decisions made by individuals in person). ( TPO43, 50)托福阅读长难句解析这个句子的主干就是:The focus of life was the agora修饰一:(the open marketplace) ,同位语中文:开发的市场修饰二:(where assemblies could be held) ,从句中文:在那里可以举行集会修饰三:(where issues of the day, as well as more fundamental topics such as the purpose of government or therelationship between law and freedom, could be discussed and decisions made by individuals in person) ,从句其中还有一个插入语:as well as more fundamental topics such as the purpose of government or the relationship between law and freedom 中文:在那里讨论当天的问题,以及像政府的目的或法律与自由的关系这样的基本问题,并且每个人都做出自己的决定。
托福阅读长难句分析通用课件
培养语感,增强语境理解能力
总结词
培养语感,增强语境理解能力是托福阅读长难句分析 的重要技巧。
详细描述
语感是指对语言的感觉和领悟能力,良好的语感可以帮 助考生更好地理解文章中的长难句。在备考过程中,考 生可以通过大量的阅读和听力训练来培养语感。此外, 考生还需要学会利用上下文语境和逻辑关系来推断词汇 的含义和用法,从而增强对长难句的理解能力。
阅读时间增加
由于需要花费更多时间来分析和理解长难句,导致阅读 速度降低。
容易反复阅读
遇到长难句时,读者往往需要反复阅读多次才能理解, 浪费了时间。
理解深度不 够
细节理解不足
长难句中常常包含许多细节和修饰语, 如果不能准确理解这些内容,会对整体 意思产生误解。
VS
逻辑关系混乱
长难句中各个成分之间的关系可能较为复 杂,如果不能准确把握这些逻辑关系,会 影响对句子的理解。
长难句通常包含多种语法结构、多个 从句、特殊词汇和表达方式,能够考 察考生的语言综合能力和阅读理解能力。
长难句的分类
倒装句是指将句子中的语法成分 颠倒过来,以强调某些词语或表 达方式的重要性。
复合句是指包含两个或两个以上 主谓结构的句子,其中每个主谓 结构都可以独立成句。
05
04
03
02
01
省略句是指为了简化句子结构、 避免重复或者突出重点,而省略 某些语法成分的句子。
熟悉长难句结构,提高分析能力
总结词
熟悉长难句结构,提高分析能力是托福阅读 长难句分析的核心。
详细描述
长难句通常具有较为复杂的语法结构和修饰 手段,考生需要熟悉这些结构,以便更好地 进行分析和理解。在备考过程中,考生可以 通过阅读托福历年真题中的长难句,熟悉其 结构和特点。此外,考生还可以通过语法分 析和结构划分等方法,提高对长难句的理解
如何应对托福阅读长难句
如何应对托福阅读长难句应对托福阅读长难句你需要打好这些基础, 长难句复杂修饰成分介绍,今天我给大家带来了应对托福阅读长难句你需要打好这些基础,希望能够帮助到大家,下面我就和大家分享,来欣赏一下吧。
应对托福阅读长难句你需要打好这些基础长难句复杂修饰成分介绍托福阅读长难句基础:扩大词汇量不可否认,掌握句子结构对于分析长难句十分重要,但是要想彻底明白句子的含义,除了掌握句子结构之外,还要有丰富的词汇量。
由于托福阅读文章偏学术性,因此不可避免地会出现一些学术词汇。
然而,托福文章所涉及的文章体裁十分广泛,想穷尽所有考试中的学术词汇是不切实际的。
我们只需在练习时把遇到的学术词汇进行整理,仅仅以“认识单词”为目标,不求会写、会说,这样来积累一定的学术词汇,以保证考试遇到相关学术词汇时头脑中有一个基本的概念。
托福阅读长难句基础:巩固语法知识长难句之所以看不懂,是因为句子结构分析不清楚。
而句子结构分析不清楚,其根本原因就是语法知识掌握得不够牢固。
要想把句子结构分析清楚,首先要掌握英语中的五大基本句型。
这五种基本句型分别是:1. 主+谓(例:I swim.)2. 主+谓+宾(例:I ate an apple.)3. 主+谓+宾+宾补(例:She found the computer useful.)4. 主+谓+双宾(例:He gave me a book.)5. 主+系+表(He is a doctor.)掌握以上这几种基本句型可以帮助你迅速找到句子的主干,而找到句子的主干是分析句子结构的关键。
长难句之所以会感觉到难,是因为句子中含有很多修饰性成分,这些修饰性成分往往给考生分析句子结构带来干扰。
因此,考生有必要了解常见的修饰性成分都有哪些。
托福阅读长难句常见复杂修饰性成分介绍1. 从句(定语从句、状语从句、同位语从句等)例:This is particularly true for trees in the middle and upper latitudes, which tend to attain greater heights on ridges, whereas in the tropics the trees reach their greater heights in the valley. 这是一个由which引导的定语从句,先行词是前面的trees。
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福州朗阁托福/ 实例深度分析如何看懂托福阅读长难句朗阁海外考试研究中心徐露露就目前大陆考区学生所接触的北美地区四类热门考试(TOEFL, SAT, GRE, GMAT)的难度而言,TOEFL的难度系数是最低的。
在实际教学中,笔者发现经常有一些基础很弱的同学在阅读托福文章的过程中喜欢把所有生词的汉语意思全查出来,但是做题的正确率依然很低。
在单词的意思已经知道的情况下为什么还是不会做题?很多基础差的同学虽然了解了每个单词的意思,但是当这些独立的单词组合成一句长难句的时候就看不懂了,也就是长难句分析能力太差。
长难句分析能力差不仅会影响阅读速度和阅读准确性,而且还会影响某些题型的正确率。
因为在托福阅读十大题型当中,句子简化题、事实信息题和推理题这几种题型都直接或间接地在考察学生分析长难句的能力。
朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家认为,在面对长难句时,考生一定不能“只见树木(单词),不见森林(结构)”,句子主干部分永远比修饰部分要重要。
下面就来谈一谈托福阅读真题当中的长难句结构类型。
一、定语从句首先,定语从句应该是托福阅读最喜欢考察的结构,一般可以将其分为两种:单层定语从句结构和多层定语从句结构。
1. 单层定语从句结构:指整个句中包含一个或两个并列关系的定语从句。
例:包含一个定语从句的情况In the late 1700s James Watt designed an efficient and commercially viable steam engine that was soon applied to a variety of industrial uses as it became cheaper to use. (TPO 26 Energy and the Industrial Revolution)解析:该句是that引导的定语从句固定搭配:(be) applied to应用于a variety of很多…。
.词汇:viable=practicable=feasible=practical=possible (adj.)切实可行的variety=category=group=lot (n.)种类翻译:十七世纪末,James Watt设计了一种高效并且可商用的蒸汽机,随着其价格降低,很快被应用于各种工业。
例:包含两个并列定语从句的情况Without predators, the species that is the best competitor for food, shelter,nesting sites, and other environmental resources tends to dominate and exclude the species with which it competes. (TPO 27 Predator-Prey Cycles)解析:该句含有两个并列的定语从句,分别由that和which来引导。
词汇:predator = eater捕食者dominate = govern = control = predominate (v.)控制;统治exclude = rule out = eliminate (v.)排除翻译:没有捕食者时,那种在对食物、庇护所、筑巢点和其它环境资源的争夺中胜出的竞争者,趋向于成为统治者,并且使与其竞争的其它物种灭绝。
2. 多层定语从句结构:指包含两个及以上从属关系的定语从句例:If so, the green algae would have been subjected to environmental pressures that resulted in adaptations that enhanced their potential to give rise toland-dwelling or organisms. (TPO 25 The Evolutionary Origin of Plants)解析:该句主要包含了两个由that引导的定语从句(但两者并不是并列关系,而是存在等级上的分层,即多层结构)一层:that resulted in adaptations二层:that enhanced their potential to give rise to land-dwelling or organisms.固定搭配:be subjected to… 容易受到。
.。
.影响result in… 导致。
.。
.give rise to… 产生。
.。
.词汇:be subjected to…= be vulnerable to… = be susceptible to… 容易受到。
.。
.影响result in = give rise to = lead to = contribute to… 导致。
.。
.enhance = improve = boost = increase (v.)提高organism = organic matter = organic = substance (n.)有机物;有机体翻译:如果事实如此的话,绿藻可能曾经受到环境的压力,产生了适应机制,即提高进化出陆生植物或其他有机体的可能性。
例:These include conducting vessels that transport water and minerals upward from the roots and that move the photosynthetic products from the leaves to the rest of the plant body and the stiffening substance lignin, which support the plant body,helping it expose maximum surface area to sunlight. (TPO 25 The Evolutionary Origin of Plants)解析:该句包含三个定语从句,前两个是由that引导的并列结构,共同来修饰先行词vessel,构成第一层结构。
(1) that transport water and minerals upward from the roots(2) that move the photosynthetic products from leaves to the rest of the plant body and the stiffening substance lignin第三个定语从句是由which引导来修饰lignin,构成第二层结构。
(3) which support the plant body固定搭配:transport sth. upward from… 把某物从…。
向上运输expose sth. to… 把某物暴露在…下词汇:stiffening = rigid = tough (adj.)坚硬的substance = matter = material (n.)物质expose = reveal = unveil (v.)暴露翻译:其中包括从根部向上运输水分和矿物质的导管,从叶片向植物其他部分输送光合作用产物的筛管以及用来支撑植物体、使得它以最大表面积接触阳光的硬化木质。
二、同位语从句同位语从句在托福当中也算是一个高频的结构,主要是因为ETS比较人性化,喜欢以同位语或同位语从句的形式来对专有名词或抽象名词进行解释。
例:A major development was the discovery, again about 3000 B.C.E., that if copper,which had been known in Mesopotamia since about 3500 B.C.E., was mixed with tin,a much harder metal, bronze, would result. (TPO 26 Sumer and the First Cities of the Ancient Near East)解析:首先这个句子主要含有一个由that引导的同位语从句that if copper, which had been known in Mesopotamia since about 3500 B.C.E., was mixed with tin, a much harder metal, bronze, would result.在该同位语从句中又含有一个原因状语从句if copper, which had been known in Mesopotamia since about 3500 B.C.E., was mixed with tin在该状语从句中又含有一个定语从句which had been known in Mesopotamia since about 3500 B.C.E.因此,如果按照句子的结构层数分析,该句应该属于三层结构的句子。
固定搭配:be mixed with… 和…混合词汇:major = primary = staple = main (adj.)主要的mix = blend = mingle (v.)混合朗阁海外考试研究中心徐露露三、状语从句就难度而言,状语从句相对比较简单,因为该类型从句和主句各自都有完整的主谓宾结构,只要看到连接状语从句的连词考生就能分得清主句与从句。
状语从句总共可以分为八类:时间状语从句;地点状语从句;让步状语从句;条件状语从句;原因状语从句;结果状语从句;目的状语从句;比较状语从句。
大体上可以将状语从句与主句的关系分为两大类:并列或平行关系 & 让步转折关系。
1. 并列与平行关系包括:条件 / 原因 / 结果 / 时间几大类状语从句例子:Scientists have no direct evidence for recent or ongoing eruptions, but if these volcanoes were active as recently as 100 million years ago (an estimate of the time of last eruption based on the extent of impact catering on their slopes), some of them may still be at least intermittently active. (TPO25 The surface of Mars)解析:该句含有一个由if引导的条件状语从句。