高口翻译词汇
常用听力口词汇
入学：enrollment 登记, 注册opening ceremony n.开业典礼, 仪式commencement ceremony 毕业典礼orientation meeting(by counselors or officers from the Student Union)开学说明会staff n.全体职员freshman （大学）一年级学生sophomore （大学）二年级学生junior （大学）三年级学生senior （大学）四年级学生tuition fee 学费placement test 分班考试excellent 出色的average 平均的，一般的below average 低于平均水平的，差的booklet/flyer/brochure/pamphlet小册子➢结构及称谓:university- presidentchancellor 名誉校长college 大学school 院系dean 院长Director of Studies教学部主任principal 中学/大学校长registrar户籍员，教务/注册主任professor 教授associate professor 副教授assistant professor 助理教授coordinator 班主任，协调人counselor 辅导员，顾问advisor 咨询老师instructor 讲师tutor 辅导老师supervisor 管理人undergraduate 本科graduate 研究生➢建筑物buildings:canteen餐厅dining hall 食堂cafeteria自助餐厅administration building 行政大楼main building主楼main hall主厅，正殿wing/annex 配楼teaching building教学楼dormitory n.宿舍auditorium n.会堂, 礼堂=lecture hall assembly hall n.会议厅，会堂computer lab 计算实验室，机房Self access room自学室选课➢学科major 主修minor 副修science, arts, engineeringbird course(口)轻松的课程Mathematics 数学physics 物理chemistry 化学biology 生物学geography 地理学electronics 电子学computer science 计算机科学astronomy 天文学electronics engineering 电子工程学botany 植物学psychology 心理学zoology 动物学architecture 建筑学oceanography 海洋学ecology 生态学medical science 医学archaeology 考古学history 历史学linguistics 语言学pedagogy 教育学，教学法anthropology 人类学economics 经济学statistics 统计学accounting 会计学philosophy 哲学➢类型required/compulsory course 必修课selective/optional course选修课elective course 选修课seminar 高级研讨性课colloquium n.报告课lecture, tutorial, workshop➢级别Introductory 入门Elementary/fundamental初级Intermediate, secondary 中级Advanced 高级semester/term 学期course guideline 课程纲要refresher course 复习进修课程exemption 免修syllabus 教学大纲Prerequisite 前提要求Professor’s signature 教授签名Course cap/openings 课程容量/可供注册名额Take/ drop a course选/退课Late registration晚注册Deregistration取消注册Designated Date指定选课日期Admission letter录取信➢教师称号professor 教授lecturer = instructor 讲师teaching assistant = TA 助教research assistant = RA 助研counselor, adviser 咨询者，顾问B.A. (Bachelor of Arts）文学士M.A (degree of Master of Arts）文学硕士M.S. （Master of Science）理硕士M.D. （Doctor of Medicine）医学博士Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy) (哲学)博士president 大学校长teacher/faculty 教师student's advisor 学生顾问physicist 物理学家mathematician 数学家chemist 化学家historian 历史学家statistician 统计学家正评价fascinating = fantastic 精彩的thought provoking 发人深思的stimulating 令人兴奋的sense of humor 幽默感负评价boring 无聊的drop off to sleep 睡着了doze off 打瞌睡drowsy 昏昏欲睡的clock watcher 不断看表的人make no sense 毫无意义作业：Assignment/homework/coursework/ schoolwork = studies 作业lab report 实验报告book report 读书报告presentation 发言term paper 学期论文thesis/essay/dissertation 论文project 作业broad (论文等)内容宽泛的narrow down (论文等)缩小范围journal (学术类的) 杂志social investigation社会调查survey 调查questionnaire n.调查问卷interview vt.n.采访deadline n.最终期限due date/time期限outline n.大纲, 提纲bibliography n书目, 参考书目reference 参考文献write-up (口)(报刊等上的)报到，评论revise修改、复习final draft 定稿speech n.演讲presentation考试：mid-term exam 期中考final exams = finals 期末考take home test拿回家考试的试卷open/close book test开/闭卷考试subjective test 主观性测试objective test 客观性测试pop quiz 抽查式测验blue book (美)(大学的)笔试答题簿assessment n估价appraisal n.评价, 估价make up for, reset, retake an exam重考grade /mark/score 分数➢成绩：perfect grade 优异成绩low grade 低分high mark 高分passing grade 及格分failing grade 不及格分full marks 满分straight A's 全Abe all A's and B's 全是A和BB plus B加A minus A减pass the exam with flying colors 以优异成绩通过考试graduate with honors 以荣誉毕业➢毕业：diploma,degree,certificate 文凭,学位,证书drop out 辍学quit school离开学校school discipline n. 校纪expel sb. from school v.驱逐, 开除transfer to another school 转学graduation commencement 毕业典礼图书馆：library图书馆librarian图书管理员publication 出版物periodical 期刊magazine 杂志book catalogue 图书目录classified catalogue 分类目录bibliography 参考书目title index 书目索引alphabetic index 按字母顺序排列的索引circulation desk借书处reserved books 馆藏书(只能在图书馆内借阅)library card 借书证student ID card学生证overdue fine 过期罚金borrowing privilege借书权限periodical reading room 期刊阅览室online/electronic journal网上杂志video tape 录像磁带back issue 过期杂志current issue 近期杂志non-fiction 非小说类文学作品science-fiction 科幻小说copier 复印机check out 办理（借、还）手续demagnetize (使)去磁，退磁renew 续借overdue过期interlibrary service 馆际服务information desk n.服务台delivery/circulation desk借书台book shelf /shelves书架photocopy room复印室return area 还书处student locker 学生存储间/锁柜reference section 参考书部atlas 地图册，图标集encyclopedia百科全书almanac 历书/本，年历yearbook年鉴/刊/报实习：Summer job 暑假工作Internship,(interns) 实习(实习生) Letter of reference/recommendation Competitive 有竞争力的Benefit future career 对未来事业有利Field research 领域研究Collect data for papers 为论文搜集材料OPT=optional practical training Waiter, waitress 服务生/女服务员Babysitter 保姆Qualification, qualified 能力，素质Resume, CV 简历科技：cyberspace 网络空间Megabite/GigabiteHigh speed wireless internet access Surf on the internet网上冲浪Make cyber friends交网友Download/upload 下载/上传Broadband 宽带Chat online, buy things online➢奖学金及平时花费ScholarshipFellowship(给大学研究生的)奖学金Teaching assistantship 助教金Research assistantship 助研金Grant 补助金Loan 贷款住宿：➢宿舍：accommodation n.住处, 膳宿residence hall宿舍en suite(带独立卫生间的)房间studio工作室common room 公共休息室home-stay 在国外住在房东家里的那种roommate同屋者,室友corridor n. 走廊,过道，➢租房lease n.租借, 租约landlord 房东landlady女房东rent/rental租金tenant 租客patio/balcony n.阳台，sliding door n.推拉门single room 单人房twin room带两张单人床的房间/标间double room双人房two-bedroomed apartmenthouse key 房锁匙➢床上用品:pillow n.枕头bed linen/beddings n. 床上用品sheet n. 被单mattress n.床垫kingsize/queen size特大号/大号queensizeblanket n.毯子towel n.手巾, 毛巾quilt n.棉被➢电器类electrical appliance/instrument/equipment 电器heater, furnace 加热器，炉子heating unit 暖气片air conditioner 空调设备stove 炉子microwave oven 微波炉washing machine/ dryer 洗衣机/烘干机laundry 洗衣店utensil 器皿；用具kitchen utensil 炊具oven 烤箱；烤炉range 煤气灶dishwasher 洗碟机washing machine 洗衣机(hot-water) heater 热水器coffeepot 咖啡壶refrigerator (freezer) 冰箱vacuum cleaner 吸尘器tape player 录音机CD player CD机Laundromat 自动洗衣店maintenance 维修，保养➢家具类furniture 家具bookshelf 书架bookcase 书柜couch 沙发chest 柜子；橱；箱子dresser (bureau) 梳妆台cabinet (电视机等)机箱；储藏柜；陈列柜cupboard (closet) 碗橱storage wall 壁橱carpet 地毯(rug 小地毯)curtain 窗帘bathtub 浴缸fixture （房屋）固定装置furnishings 室内陈设➢日常生活/问题:get insurance for personal possessions /property/belongs 为私人财产保险garbage/rubbish/waste n.垃圾gas meter煤气表cockroach蟑螂burglar n.夜贼911leaking/leakage n. 泄漏lost key丢钥匙break in 闯入讲座场景词汇Geology地质学Slide n. 滑坡Landslide n.山体滑坡Mud泥土, soil土壤Earth n. 土Sink v.下沉Ground water 地下水Irrigation n. 灌溉Freeze, froze, frozen v.冷冻Melt v.融化Gravity n.重心Aggravate v.加重Lean v.倾斜Slope n.斜坡Steep adj.陡峭Blast n.爆炸Crust 地壳Mantle 地幔Core 地核Continental plate 大陆板块Collision n.碰撞Layer, strata 层Crack 裂缝Erode v., erosion n.腐蚀Fossil n.化石Dinosaur n.恐龙Sediment, deposit 沉淀物Marble 大理石granite 花岗岩Ore 矿石Refine v. 提炼Platinum v. 铂金Seismology 地震学Vibration, tremor, 震动Volcano, volcanic 火山，火山的Active adj.积极的Dormant adj.休眠的Extinct adj. 死的Avalanche n.雪崩Magma n.岩浆Lava n.岩浆Erupt v.喷发explode v.爆炸(explosion)疾病：Surgeon, physician Dentist, optician OculistEye test(contact lenses) Medical insurance emergencyMake an appointment Medical history/record ExaminationLabSymptoms:Fever,Hay feverWeak immune system Allergy, allergic PeanutDiarrheaBelly, tummyCubicleHurtSneezeSniffleStuffed noseRunny noseSnoreDrowsinessSide effect疾病：TuberculosisLung cancerliverCholesterolProteinCalorie Carbohydrate Mineral (iron) SpinachAntibioticsScarcityCrisis天文学astronomy constellation星座zodiac （星象学的星座）planet 行星sun 恒星Jupiter 木星Pluto 冥王星Saturn 土星Mercury 水星Mars 火星Venus金星Neptune海王星Milky Way 银河系Galaxy n.星系orbit v.运行n.轨道rotate v. 转Axis n.轴track n. 轨道outer space外太空gravity n.重力equator n.赤道tropical 热带的brightness n.亮度dimension n.维度distance n. 距离Eclipse (日月食)Wane, diminish v. 逐渐变小Centripetal 向心Centrifugal 离心Nebula 星云Nebulous adj. 星云的Gas 气体Particle 微粒CometPolar light 极光艺术Genre 艺术分类Performing art 表演艺术modern dance piece现代舞concert 音乐会play剧opera歌剧film 电影ballet芭蕾舞LiteraturePoetry诗歌biography传记autobiography 自传detective stories 侦探小说moon drama戏剧novel小说collection of short stories短篇小说集Fine/visual arts 视觉艺术Abstract art抽象艺术Concretelandscape风景photography摄影portrait(portray v. )肖像, 人像model模特starry nighta still life静物a sculpture雕塑statue 人物雕像Critic 评论家Criticism 批评，评论Review n.评论Masterpiece 杰作Have aesthetic valueAesthetic appeal 美学吸引力Feature 特点Characteristics 特点Distinct adj.与众不同的Unique 独一无二的Style 风格Gallery n.画馆Edition n.专辑Release v. 发行Debut n.首映Impressionist 印象主义者Impressionism 印象派Romanticism(Simple language, common people InteractionPerspective 透视法Angle 角度Press/Publishing house出版社Preserve v. 保存Extinct adj.灭绝的，消失的Novelist 小说家Flowery 花哨的Acclaim v. 盛赞anthem国歌mural壁画mirage海市蜃楼productiveprolific多产考古anthropologist 人类学家ecologicalanthropologist 生态人类学家origin 起源originate 起源于ancestor 祖先hominid 人（科）homogeneous 同一种族（种类）的tribe 部落clan 氏族archeologist 考古学家excavation 挖掘excavate (unearth) 挖掘ruins 遗迹，废墟remains 遗迹，遗骸artifact 手工艺品pottery 陶器skull 颅骨fossil 化石relic 遗物，文物antique 古物，古董antiquity 古代，古老Stone Age 石器时代Bronze Age （青）铜器时代Iron Age 铁器时代Paleolithic 旧石器时代的Mesolithic 中石器时代的Neolithic 新石器时代的archaeology 考古学anthropology 人类学morphology 形态学动物organism 有机物living organism 生物bacterium(pl.bacteria)细菌algae海藻coral珊瑚rodent 啮齿类动物primate 灵长类动物ape 猿chimpanzee n. 大猩猩monkey n. 猴子mammal 哺乳类动物dinosaur n.恐龙bat (ecolotion)showshoe hareraccoon 浣熊polar bear 北极熊snoutreptile 爬行类动物snake, cobra, rattle snakelizard蜥蜴,snail 蜗牛amphibian adj. 两栖动物crocodile 鳄鱼frog n. 青蛙tadpole 蝌蚪toad 蟾蜍pond 池塘puddle 水坑insect n.昆虫mosquito 蚊子fly 苍蝇cricket 蟋蟀grasshopper 蚱蜢honey beemonarch butterfly 大花蝶large migratory American butterfly having deep orange wings with black and white markings; the larvae feed on milkweedegglarvae 幼虫caterpillar 毛虫pupa/chrysalis 茧termite n. 白蚁marine adj. 海洋的beaver 狸whale 鲸shark 鲨鱼dolphin 海豚penguin 企鹅predator n. 捕食者prey n. 被捕食者aquatic adj.水生的shrimp 虾lobster 龙虾clam 蚌crab 螃蟹bird, humming birdartery 动脉scale 鳞片claw爪, paw爪子horn 角hormone 荷尔蒙intestine 肠hive 蜂巢pollen n. 花粉pollinate/pollenate v.授粉hibernate 冬眠migrate v. 迁徙communicate v.evolve 进化camouflageevolution n. 进化endotherm n.温血动物,恒温动物poikilotherm n. 冷血动物beak 鸟嘴enzymes 酵母secretion(n.) secrete(v.) 分泌pancreas 胰腺odor 气味(还有aroma fragrance scent smell)gland 腺体chromosome植物botany植物学botanist 植物学家fungus(pl. fungi ) 菌类mushroomchestnut treerootbranchstemstalkalgae(pl. alga) 海藻organism birch tree (bark) 桦树crops 谷物corn 玉米maize 玉米chlorophyll 叶绿素amino acids 氨基酸protein 蛋白质nitrogen 氮hydrogenoxygenphotosynthetic(adj.) photosynthesis(n.) 光合作用lichen 地衣,苔藓squash 南瓜bean 豆类植物nectar花蜜flower花floral 花的petal 花瓣bloom 开花blossom 花pollen花粉moss 苔藓herbicide 除草剂herb 草本植物herbivorous 食草的omnivorouscarnivorousclassificationDNA, photosynthesishierarchyMeteorology 气象meteorology 气象meteorologist 气象学家forecast (predict) 预报climate 气候atmosphere 大气层troposphere 对流层current （气）流vapor 蒸汽evaporate 蒸发damp (wet; moist; humid) 潮湿的humidity湿度moisture 潮湿；水分saturate饱和absorb v.dew 露frost 霜fog (mist) 雾smog 烟雾droplet 小水珠con dense 浓缩densitycrystal 水晶体crystallize v.downpour (torrential rain) 大雨tempest (storm) 暴风雨drizzle 细雨shower 阵雨hail 冰雹blizzard (snowstorm) 暴风雪avalanche (snowslide) 雪崩precipitation （雨、露、雪等）降水breeze 微风gale 大风whirlwind 旋风typhoon 台风hurricane 飓风tornado (twister, cyclone) 龙卷风funnel 漏斗，漏斗云disaster (calamity, catastrophe) 灾难devastation 破坏submerge 淹没overwhelm v.drought 旱灾环保environment n.环境environmentalist n.环境保护论者environmentally-friendly环保的contaminant n.污染物contaminate v.污染ecosystem生态系统ecology n.生态学垃圾：Rubbish, garbage, trash, litter, waste Spasm Deal with, dispose of Burn (air pollution)Bury (landfill)RecycleReduceReuse (throwaway Disposable)回收利用的物品：Water, glass, paper, Biodegradable packaging Plastic (bags),Car tireAluminum cansbottleMilk cartonsSort, classify污染物：Chemicals,PesticideChemical fertilizerAcid (acid rain, erode) Carbon dioxide emissionGreen house effect Global warming能源：Energy crisis/shortage ScarcityAlternative energyFuelFossil fuel:Petrol, natural gasCoalNuclearNon-renewableHydro powerSolar powerLunar动物植物的危害：HabitatNatural reserveAnimal activistRare speciesPreserveConserveEndangeredextinctacid n.酸antiseptic adj.防腐的atmospheric pollution大气污染available adj.可利用的biodegradable adj.生物所能分解的packaging包装cancer n.癌症carcinogenchemical waste化学废料congest v.使充满conserve v.保存，保藏emit v.发出，放射endangered species濒危的物种energy shortage能源短缺fume n.烟，气味garbage n.垃圾junk n.垃圾light pollution日光污染refuse废物sewage污水pesticide n.杀虫剂preserve v.保护radioactivity n.放射性recyclable adj.可回收的rubbish n.垃圾soil erosion 土壤侵蚀soil pollution土壤污染stain n.污染，污点，玷污stink v.发出臭味tar n.焦油toxic chemicaltrash n.垃圾，废料tunnel n.地道，隧道vegetation n.（植物的）生长waste gas废气wastewater废水water body pollution水污染recycle v.回收reuse再利用resource 资源unleaded petrol无铅汽油energy能源solar energy, nuclear energy fossil fuel矿物燃料greenhouse effect温室效应rain forest热带雨林global warming全球变暖erosion腐蚀acid rain酸雨Green Belt绿化带emission 排放物genetically modified转基因的organic有机的battery farming/free-range farming城市和乡村Cosmopolitan世界性的Metropolis国际大都市Congestion拥堵Poverty贫穷Inner-city市中心Breed crime引起犯罪，滋生犯罪Population explosion人口爆炸Amenities舒适；适意The quality of beingpleasant or attractive; agreeableness.A feature that increases attractiveness orvalue, especially of a piece of real estateor a geographic location.生活福利设施Cultural eventsInfrastructure基础设施Pressure of modern city life现代生活的压力Cost of living生活费Anonymity匿名Urban lifestyle城市的生活方式Central Business District中央商业区Peak periods高峰期Urban sprawl（盲目的）城市开发，对邻近城边的地区的无计划，无控制的城市开发The unplanned, uncontrolled spreading of urban development into areas adjoining the edge of a city.Drug abuse滥用毒品Atmosphere气氛，氛围Exorbitant过度的, 昂贵的Exceeding all bounds, as of custom or fairnessCommuter通勤者City dweller城里人Building site建筑工地Pedestrian precinct行人区Block of flat公寓楼Housing estate居住区Melting pot大熔炉Rural lifestyle乡下的生活方式Pollution污染Productive land多产的土地Migration移民，移居Green belt绿化带Arable land耕地Hectare公顷Crop庄稼，农作物Construction建筑Chemical fertilizer化学肥料Environment环境Wheat小麦oat燕麦barley大麦Acre英亩Prospect前景Depopulation人口减少Cultivation培养, 教养, 耕作。
听力辅导必备词汇与缩写
听力辅导:高口听力中必备的特殊词汇一、地理河流：Danube多瑙河(欧洲南部河流) Nile尼罗河(非洲东北部河流) Rhine莱茵河(源出瑞士境内的阿尔卑斯山,贯穿西欧多国)Mississippi密西西比河(发源于美国中北部湖沼区,南注墨西哥湾Seine 塞纳河[法国] Amazon 亚马逊河(南美洲大河)山脉：Alps 阿尔卑斯山Himalayas喜马拉雅山脉Everest珠穆朗玛峰(世界最高峰) Rockies洛矶山脉二、国际机构、组织的缩写ABC warfare: Atomic-biological-chemical warfare 原子、生物、化学战ABM Treaty: Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty 反弹道导弹条约ADB: Asian Development Bank 亚洲发展银行AIDS: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome 获得性免疫缺陷综合症AID: Agency for International Development 国际开发总署APEC: Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation 亚太经合组织ARATS: Association for Relations Across Taiwan Straights 海峡两岸关系协会ASEAN: Association of Southeast Asian Nations 东南亚国家联盟ATM: Automatic Teller Machine 自动取款机BP: British Petroleum Company 英国石油公司BSE: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy 疯牛病CIA: Central Intelligence Agency 中央情报局CIS: Commonwealth of Independent States 独联体Commonwealth 英联邦国家CPPCC: Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference （中国）全国人民政治协商会议CTBT: Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty 全面禁止核武器条约DPRK: The Democratic People's Republic of Korea朝鲜民主主义人民共和国DMZ: Demilitarized Zone非军事区ERM: Exchange Rate Mechanism欧洲货币体系汇率机制EU: European Union 欧盟FBI: Federal Bureau of Investigation 美国联邦调查局GATT: the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 关贸总协定GMT: Greenwich Mean Time=Universal Time 格林尼治时间/世界时间GNP: Gross National Product 国民生产总值GDP: Gross Domestic Product国内生产总值HAMAS: 哈马斯IAEA: International Atomic Energy Agency 国际原子能机构ICRC: International Committee of the Red Cross 国际红十字委员会ILO: International Labor Organization国际劳工组织(联合国)IMF: International Monetary Fund （联合国）国际货币基金组织IOC: International Olympic Committee国际奥林匹克委员会IRA：Irish Republican Army 爱尔兰共和军IPR: Intellectual property rights 知识产权LCD: Liquid Crystal Display 液晶显示屏LSE: London Stock Exchange 纽约证券交易所M&A: Merger and Acquisition 兼并与收购MP: Member of Parliament （英国）下院议员NAM: Non-aligned Movement 不结盟运动NASA: National Aeronautics and Space Administration （美国）国家航空和航天局NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization北大西洋公约组织NBA: National Basketball Association美国职业篮球联赛NGO: Non-governmental Organization 非政府机构NMD: National Missile Defense国家导弹防御系统NPC: National People’s Congress （中国）全国人民代表大会OAU: Organization of African Unity 非统，非洲统一组织OFT: Office of Fair Trading 公平交易局OPEC: Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries欧佩克石油输出国家组织OTC: Over-the-Counter 场外交易/非处方药PLO: Palestine Liberation Organization 巴勒斯坦解放组织PNTR: Permanent Normal Trade Relation 永久正常贸易关系ROK: Republic of Korea 韩国SAR: Special Administrative Region （香港/澳门）特别行政区SARS: Severe Acute Respiratory SyndromeSEF: Straits Exchange Foundation (台湾)海峡交流基金会SEZ: Special Economic Zone (中国)经济特区UPU: Universal Postal Union 万国邮政联盟UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization联合国教科文组织UNDP: United Nations’ Food and Agriculture Organization 联合国开发计划署UNICEF：United Nations Children's Fund联合国儿童基金会WB: World Bank 世界银行WFP: World Food Program (联合国)世界粮食计划署WHO: World Health Organization 世界卫生组织WTO: World Trade Organization 世贸组织WTO: World Tourism Organization 世界旅游组织三、国际政要科菲·安南(Kofi A. Annan)联合国秘书长金正日(Kim Jong Il) 朝鲜领导人小泉纯一郎(Junichiro Koizumi) 日本首相亚西尔·阿拉法特(Yasser Arafat) 巴勒斯坦民族权力机构主席阿里埃勒·沙龙(Ariel Sharon) 以色列总理沙龙卡扎菲(Gaddafi)利比亚领导人托尼·布莱尔(Tony Blair)英国首相弗拉基米尔·普京(Vladimir Putin) 俄罗斯联邦总统康多莉扎·赖斯(Condoleezza Rice) 美国国务卿科林·卢瑟·鲍威尔(Colin Luther Powell) 美国前任国务卿( Secretary of State)艾伦·格林斯潘(Alan Greenspan) 美联储主席（Board of Governors/Chairman of the Federal Reserve System）四、词汇归类如在巴以冲突的新闻中, Israel, Palestinian leader, withdraw撤军, West Bank, terrorist, Jerusalem, HAMAS, 等等是“出镜率”较高的词汇。
口笔译高频词汇词典
①政府政策“八荣八耻”eight-honor and eight-shame“大通关”建设national project to facilitate customs clearance※facilitateverb[VN] (formal) to make an action or a process possible or easier: The new trade agreement should facilitate more rapid economic growth. ◆Structured teaching facilitates learning.facilitation noun [U, sing.]: the facilitation of international communication※clearancenoun[C, U] the removal of things that are not wanted: There were forest clearances in Java thousands of years ago. ◆slum clearance (= the removal of houses that are in very bad condition in an area of a town) ◆Landscape gardeners have begun a clearance of the overgrown ground to make way for a new park. ◆a clearance sale (= in a shop / store, when goods are sold cheaply to get rid of them quickly)[U, C] the amount of space or distance that is needed between two objects so that they do not touch each other: There is not much clearance for vehicles passing under this bridge. ◆a clearance of one metre[U, C] official permission that is given to sb before they can work somewhere, have particular information, or do sth they want to do: I'm waiting for clearance from headquarters. ◆All employees at the submarine base require security clearance.[U] official permission for a person or vehicle to enter or leave an airport or a country: The pilot was waiting for clearance for take-off. ◆How long will customs clearance take? [U, C] the process of a cheque being paid by a bank: Clearance will take seven days.[C] a clearance in football and some other sports is when a player kicks or hits the ball away from the goal of his or her own team“国家清史重修工程”National Project for the Recompilation of Qing Dynasty History“荷花奖”Lotus Award (for professional dance)“孔雀奖”Peacock Award (for ethnic minority artists and artworks)※ethnic minoritynouna group of people from a particular culture or of a particular race living in a country where the main group is of a different culture or race: The main political parties have little to offer Britain's ethnic minorities.“全国文化信息资源共享工程”National Project for the sharing of Cultural Information and Resources“全国舞台精品工程”Works of Excellence on the Nation’s Stage“群星奖” Galaxy Award (for amateur artists and community culture)※galaxynoun (plural galaxies)[C] any of the large systems of stars, etc. in outer space(the Galaxy) (also the Milky Way) [sing.] the system of stars that contains our sun and its planets, seen as a bright band in the night sky[C] (informal) a group of famous people, or people with a particular skill: a galaxy of Hollywood stars“三步走”战略the three-step development strategy“三高”农业“three highs”agriculture（high yield，high quality and high efficiency agriculture）※yieldverb, nounverb[VN] to produce or provide sth, for example a profit, result or crop: Higher-rate deposit accounts yield good returns. ◆The research has yielded useful information. ◆trees that no longer yield fruit[V] ~ (to sth/sb) to stop resisting sth/sb; to agree to do sth that you do not want to do: After a long siege, the town was forced to yield. ◆He reluctantly yielded to their demands. ◆I yielded to temptation and had a chocolate bar.[VN] ~ sth/sb (up) (to sb) (formal) to allow sb to win, have or take control of sth that has been yours until now: He refused to yield up his gun. ◆(figurative) The universe is slowly yielding up its secrets.[V] to move, bend or break because of pressure: Despite our attempts to break it, the lock would not yield.[V] ~ (to sb/sth) (AmE, IrishE) to allow vehicles on a bigger road to go first Synonym: GIVE WAYYield to oncoming traffic. ◆a yield signPhrasal Verbs: yield to sth (formal) to be replaced by sth: Barges yielded to road vehicles for transporting goods.noun[C, U] the total amount of crops, profits, etc. that are produced: a high crop yield ◆a reduction in milk yield ◆This will give a yield of 10% on your investment.“三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，是我们党始终站在时代前列，保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。
高级口译笔记法
大家学习网
= for equals - for minus # for number x for times > for greater than, more, larger < for less than, smaller, fewer than w/ for with w/o for without w/in for within ----> for leads to, produces, results in <---- for comes from / for per
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高口十大牛逼词汇
有10个英文单词，可谓无人不知无人不晓。
但是，这10个词，在笔者看来，却没有在大多数同学手中发挥出应有的功效。
在中口笔译C-E部分中，它们频频出现，屡建奇功。
可惜的是，这10个词，谁都认识，却只有少数人能将其用至化境。
本文中，根据多年来的教学经验和对历年真题的深入分析，笔者将这10个词总结成文，一一详述用法，辅以历年真题中的相关例句，以期助考生一臂之力。
（1）see/witness用法：无生命（时间、地点或事物）成分作主语。
经济年均增长速度达到9.7%。
（0303）China's economy has witnessed a strong/an impressive growth rate of 9.7%.本公司成立于1988年。
（0409）1988 saw/witnessed the establishment of our company.古老而美丽的“丝绸之路”，谱写了中欧千年往来的美好篇章。
（0509）The ancient and beautiful Silk Roadsaw/witnessed the exchanges/communications between China and Europe in/over the past thousands of years.上海建城有700多年历史，但最具人文发展历史的时期是开埠后的150年间。
（1009）Despite a history of more than 700 years, the 150 years since it opened to foreign traders has witnessed the greatest humane development in Shanghai.（2）enjoy/boast用法：表示人或物“有”好的东西。
现代传媒在信息的传播速度上有许多优势。
（0103）Modern media enjoy advantages in the speed of information dissemination.社会保持稳定。
雅思写作高频词汇
1高频写作词汇翻译练习高频名词1. 影响：influence/ impact/ effect教育对人类有影响;教育2. 能力,技能： ability / capacity / skill旅游使孩子们能获得acquire实用的practical技能;旅游3. 污染：pollution / contamination人类活动human activity导致严重的环境污染;环境4. 老人： old people/ the old / the elderly / the aged / seniorcitizens=seniors老人应该受到社会的尊重;社会5. 老师：teacher / instructor / educator / lecturer老师不能被电脑和远程教育distance education替代replace;教育6. 青少年： youngster / youth/ adolescent/teenager/ the young/ juniors 越来越多的青少年沉迷be addicted to英特网;科技7. 优点：advantage/benefit /merit现代科技有很多的优点;科技8. 缺点：disadvantage/weakness/drawback出国留学的缺点不能被忽视ignore.教育9. 责任： responsibility / obligation / duty / liability保护民族文化是每个公民的责任;文化10. 改善,进步,发展： improvement/ advancement/ development科技的发展能够促进经济的进步;科技高频动词1. 提高,加强：improve / enhance/ promote/strengthen政府应该提高人们的生活水平;政府2. 导致,引起：cause / trigger / lead to/ result in现在科技的发展引起了一些社会问题;科技3. 解决：solve /resolve /address / tackle /combat/cope with / deal with 人们最近在讨论怎样解决交通问题;交通4. 拆除： tear down / knock down / eradicate传统建筑不应该被拆除;政府5. 培养: develop / cultivate / foster竞争可以帮助孩子们培养独立性independence;教育6. 激发,鼓励：encourage / motivate家长们应该鼓励孩子们参与户外活动;教育7. 减轻,缓解: ease / mitigate / alleviate / relieve / lighten政府应该缓解环境问题;政府8. 保护：protect/preserve保护环境是每个公民的义务duty. 环境高频形容词1. 积极的,好的： beneficial /advantageous /conducive /favorable/positive 海外学习对一些学生来说是有益的;教育2. 消极的,不良的,不利的：harmful/ detrimental / undesirable/negative暴力的电影对孩子们的发展是不利的;媒体3. 贫穷的：poor / needy / impoverished贫穷的学生不能负担afford学费tuition fee.教育4. 富裕的：rich / wealthy / affluent富裕的孩子有更多的机会成功;教育5. 明显的：obvious / apparent / clear手机的明显的好处之一是提高交流效率;科技高频副词1. 明显地：obviously/ clearly/ apparently明显地,越来越多的毕业生graduate觉得难找工作;教育2. 显着地：significantly/ dramatically世界的人口显着地增加了;环境3. 相当地,十分,非常: rather/ quite / very / pretty高科技的运用变得相当地常见;科技重要词组搭配表示有好处A is beneficial toB A对B有益A exerts/imposes positive/beneficial influence onB A对B有积极的/有益的影响练习：阅读对孩子们有益;休闲活动对人们有益;自学self-study对学生有益;全球化globalization对交流有益;电脑对提高效率有积极的影响;政府的投资investment 基础教育的发展表示有坏处,有害A is harmful/detrimental toB A对B不利A exerts/imposes negative/detrimental influence onB A对B有消极的/不利的影响练习：网络游戏对孩子们有害;全球化对民族文化的保护;人口过剩overpopulation社会的发展发展核武器nuclear weapon世界和平表示引起/导致A give rise to/cause/ lead to/ result in B练习：广告不必要的消费consumption人口过剩资源的不足insufficiency私家车的使用空气污染表示A是B的原/起因A is the cause of BA is the root cause of BA is the primary/ chief cause of B吸烟是很多疾病的根源;人口过剩是激烈的intense社会竞争的主要原因;表示重要性A plays an essential role/part in B/doingB A对B 起很重要的作用练习：教育经济的发展教育环境的保护科技现代交通的发展保护民族特色旅游业tourism的发展Protecting the national images plays a main role in the development of tourism.表示重视…lay /place more emphasis on…attach more importance to…政府保护传统建筑学生英特网的消极影响表示采取措施做某事Take/ adopt effective/strong measures/ actions/ steps to do sth.练习：政府保护野生动物老师帮助学生提升能力家长鼓励学生参与户外活动推断很可能的事实A be likely to do A很可能A tend to do 一般会做某事练习：invest in sth/ allocate money to sth/ provide financial support for sth.练习：政府太空项目政府高等教育政府博物馆和艺术馆的维护maintenance政府基础建设 the construction of infrastructure表示努力做某事struggle for /make great efforts to/ spare no efforts for练习：学生学习英语参与,参加engage in / take part in/ participate in练习：学生课外extracurricular活动住在大城市的人们休闲活动使某人能够做某事allow/enable sb. to do sth.练习：海外学习学生体验异国的exotic文化和传统接触到某事get access to sth./ be exposed to sth.练习：学生异国的exotic文化和传统人们更多资源认为sth./sb.怎么样consider sth. as/to be…regard sth. as…find sth….练习：提升素质教育解决社会问题的主要方法之一Consider the quality education’s development/ advancement/ improvement as /to be the major method to resolve the social problems不合理的道路设计交通堵塞的重要原因之一控制人口有效地解决能源不足energy insufficiency的问题的方法之一下定义sth. can best be described as…某事/物被描述为…sth. can be seen as…某事/物被看做是…sth. can be viewed as … 被视为是…练习：英特网主流媒体mainstream medium远程教育distance education 一种更有效率的教学方式全球化信息时代information era的特征feature2翻译下列词组：美国的贸易 trade一年工作或者旅游文化的发展中国的人口两周的假期人口的增长传统文化的保护发展中国家的经济economic增长growth中国经济的可持续sustainable发展英国城市居民的人均average收入income自然环境的破坏destruction人类的生存survival和发展高频名词1. 影响：influence/ impact/ effect教育对人类有影响;教育Education has positive influence on human beings.2. 能力,技能： ability / capacity / skill旅游使孩子们能获得acquire实用的practical技能;旅游Traveling enables children to acquire practical skills.3. 污染：pollution / contamination人类活动human activity导致严重的环境污染;环境Human activities cause serious environmental pollution.4. 老人： old people/ the old / the elderly / the aged / seniorcitizens=seniors老人应该受到社会的尊重;社会Seniors should be respected by the society.5. 老师：teacher / instructor / educator / lecturer老师不能被电脑和远程教育distance education替代replace;教育Teachers cannot be replaced by computers and distance education.6. 青少年： youngster / youth/ adolescent越来越多的青少年沉迷be addicted to英特网;科技More and more youngsters are addicted to the Internet.7. 优点：advantage/benefit /merit现代科技有很多的优点;科技Modern technology has many advantages.8. 缺点：disadvantage/weakness/drawback出国留学的缺点不能被忽视ignore.教育The disadvantages of studying abroad cannot be ignored.9. 责任： responsibility / obligation / duty / liability保护民族文化是每个公民的责任;文化Protecting national culture is the responsibility of every citizen.10. 改善,进步,发展： improvement/ advancement/ development科技的发展能够促进经济的进步;科技The development of technology can promote the advancement of economy.高频动词1. 提高,加强：improve / enhance/ promote政府应该提高人们的生活水平;政府The government should improve people’s living standard.2. 导致,引起：cause / trigger / lead to/ result in现在科技的发展引起了一些社会问题;科技The development of modern technology causes some social problems.3. 解决：solve /resolve /address / tackle /combat/cope with / deal with 人们最近在讨论怎样解决交通问题;交通People have discussed how to solve traffic problems.4. 拆除： tear down / knock down / eradicate传统建筑不应该被拆除;政府Traditional buildings should not be knocked down.5. 培养: develop / cultivate / foster竞争可以帮助孩子们培养独立性independence;教育Competition can help children develop independence.6. 激发,鼓励：encourage / motivate家长们应该鼓励孩子们参与户外活动;教育Parents should encourage children to take part in outdoor activities.7. 减轻,缓解: ease / mitigate / alleviate / relieve / lighten政府应该缓解环境问题;政府The government should mitigate environmental problems.8. 保护：protect/preserve保护环境是每个公民的义务duty. 环境Protecting the environment is the duty of every citizen.高频形容词1. 积极的,好的： beneficial /advantageous /conducive /favorable海外学习对一些学生来说是有益的;教育Overseas study is beneficial to some students.2. 消极的,不良的,不利的：harmful/ detrimental / undesirable暴力的电影对孩子们的发展是不利的;媒体Violent movies are harmful to the development of children.3. 贫穷的：poor / needy / impoverished贫穷的学生不能负担afford学费tuition fee.教育Poor students cannot afford tuition fee.4. 富裕的：rich / wealthy / affluent富裕的孩子有更多的机会成功;教育Rich children have more opportunities to be successful.5. 明显的：obvious / apparent / clear手机的明显的好处之一是提高交流效率;科技One of the obvious benefits of mobile phones is promoting the efficiency of communication.高频副词1. 明显地：obviously/ clearly/ apparently明显地,越来越多的毕业生graduate觉得难找工作;教育Clearly, more and more graduates find it difficult to find a job.2. 显着地：significantly/ dramatically世界的人口显着地增加了;环境The world’s population increased significantly.3. 相当地,十分,非常: rather/ quite / very / pretty高科技的运用变得相当地常见;科技The application of high-technology becomes rather common.重要词组搭配表示有好处A is beneficial toB A对B有益A exerts/imposes positive/beneficial influence onB A对B有积极的/有益的影响练习：阅读对孩子们有益;Reading is beneficial to children.休闲活动对人们有益;Leisure activities are beneficial to people.自学self-study对学生有益;Self-study exerts/imposes positive/beneficial influence on students.全球化globalization对交流有益;Globalization exerts/imposes positive/beneficial influence on communication.电脑对提高效率有积极的影响;Computers exert/impose positive/beneficial influence on promoting efficiency.政府的投资investment 基础教育的发展Governmental investment exerts/imposes positive/beneficial influence on the development of elementary education.表示有坏处,有害A is harmful/detrimental toB A对B不利A exerts/imposes negative/detrimental influence onB A对B有消极的/不利的影响练习：网络游戏对孩子们有害;Online games are harmful/detrimental to children.全球化对民族文化的保护;Globalization is harmful/detrimental to the protection of national culture.人口过剩overpopulation社会的发展Overpopulation is harmful/detrimental to the development of society.发展核武器nuclear weapon世界和平Developing nuclear weapon is harmful/detrimental to world peace.表示引起/导致A give rise to/cause/ lead to/ result in B练习：广告不必要的消费consumptionAdvertisements give rise to unnecessary consumption.人口过剩资源的不足insufficiencyOverpopulation causes the insufficiency of resources.私家车的使用空气污染The use of private cars leads to air pollution.表示A是B的原/起因A is the cause of BA is the root cause of BA is the primary/ chief cause of B吸烟是很多疾病的根源;Smoking is the root cause of many diseases.人口过剩是激烈的intense社会竞争的主要原因;Overpopulation is the primary cause of intense social competition.表示重要性A plays an essential role/part in B/doingB A对B 起很重要的作用练习：教育经济的发展Education plays an essential role/part in the development of economy.教育环境的保护Education plays an essential role/part in the protection of the environment. 科技现代交通的发展Technology plays an essential role/part in the development of modern transport.保护民族特色旅游业tourism的发展Protecting national identity plays an essential role/part in the development of tourism.表示重视…lay /place more emphasis on…attach more impor tance to…政府保护传统建筑The government should lay /place more emphasis on protecting traditional buildings.学生英特网的消极影响lay /place more emphasis on the negative influence of the Internet.表示采取措施做某事Take/ adopt effective/strong measures/ actions/ steps to do sth.练习：政府保护野生动物The government should take/adopt effective/strong measures/ actions/ steps to protect wild animals.老师帮助学生提升能力Teachers should take/adopt effective/strong measures/ actions/ steps to promote students’ abilities.家长鼓励学生参与户外活动Parents should take/adopt effective/strong measures/ actions/ steps to encourage students to engage in outdoor activities.推断很可能的事实A be likely to do A很可能A tend to do 一般会做某事练习：高中生更关注考试和学习成绩academic performanceHigh-school students tend to pay more attention to academic performance.来自富裕家庭的孩子享受高等教育或者海外学习Children from rich families are likely to enjoy higher education or overseas study.表示投资invest in sth/ allocate money to sth/ provide financial support for sth.练习：政府太空项目The government should invest in space programs.政府高等教育The government should allocate money to higher education.政府博物馆和艺术馆的维护maintenanceThe government should invest in the maintenance of museums and art galleries.政府基础建设 the construction of infrastructureThe government should provide financial support for the construction of infrastructure.表示努力做某事struggle for /make great efforts to/ spare no efforts for练习：学生学习英语Students should spare no effects for English studying.参与,参加engage in / take part in/ participate in练习：学生课外extracurricular活动Students should engage in extracurricular activities.住在大城市的人们休闲活动People living in big cities should engage in leisure activities.使某人能够做某事allow/enable sb. to do sth.练习：海外学习学生体验异国的exotic文化和传统Overseas allows students to experience exotic cultures and traditions.接触到某事get access to sth./ be exposed to sth.练习：学生异国的exotic文化和传统Students can get access to exotic cultures and traditions.人们更多资源People can be exposed to more resources.认为sth./sb.怎么样consider sth. as/to be…regard sth. as…find sth….练习：提升素质教育解决社会问题的主要方法之一Some people consider promoting quality education as one of the main ways to solve social problems.不合理的道路设计交通堵塞的重要原因之一Unreasonable road design is one of the important reasons of traffic congestion.控制人口有效地解决能源不足energy insufficiency的问题的方法之一Controlling birth rate is one of ways to address the problem of energy insufficiency下定义sth. can best be described as…某事/物被描述为…sth. can be seen as…某事/物被看做是…sth. can be viewed as … 被视为是…练习：英特网主流媒体mainstream mediumThe Internet can be seen as the mainstream medium.远程教育distance education 一种更有效率的教学方式Distance education can be viewed as a more efficient teaching method.全球化信息时代information era的特征featureGlobalization can be viewed as the feature of information era.2词组：美国的贸易America’s trade一年工作或者旅游one year’s work or traveling文化的发展 development of culture中国的人口China’s population两周的假期two days’ holiday人口的增长 growth of population传统文化的保护 the protection of traditional culture发展中国家的经济economic增长growth the economic growth of developing countries中国经济的可持续sustainable发展the sustainable development of China’s economy英国城市居民的人均average收入income the average income of the UK’s city residents自然环境的破坏destruction the destruction of natural environment人类的生存survival和发展 the survival and development of human beings。
高口词汇external affairs
EXTERNAL AFFAIRS外交、外事acknowledge v. 承认a gathering permeated with a spirit of cordial friendship 充满亲切友情的聚会a rewarding trip 不虚此行accommodate vt. 供给...住宿, 招待; vi. 适应，配合add a new page to the history of 给…的历史增加了新的一页agenda n.议程alumnus (alumni) ; alumna (alumnae) n. 校友at the invitation of…应……的邀请banquet n. 宴会BBQ party n. 烧烤会Bon Appetite! int. 祝你胃口好！buffet n. 自助餐buffet reception n. 冷餐招待会cheek-to-cheek embrace 贴脸拥抱cheers int. 干杯closing speech n. 闭幕致辞cocktail party n. 鸡尾酒会colleague(s) n. 同仁commerce ties n. 商业关系coexistence n. 共存，共处congenial atmosphere n. 融洽气氛costume party; masquerade n. 化装舞会courtesy call n. 礼节性拜会dinner / dinner party n. 晚宴distinguished guest n. 贵宾; 佳宾draw to a close 即将结束eloquent remark n. 雄辩的（动人的）演讲entertain v. 招待extraordinary arrangement n. 特殊安排；精心安排eye salute n. 注目礼farewell ceremony n. 欢送仪式feel honored and privileged感到荣幸feel pleased and honored 感到愉快和荣幸feel proud and honored 感到骄傲和荣幸fellow citizens n. 同胞们foreign affairs office n. 外事办fulfill one’s ambitions 展鸿图；酬壮志generous hospitality 盛情款待genuine friendship 真挚友谊give a dinner for a visitor from afar 接风洗尘goodwill visit n. 友好访问gracious invitation n. 盛情邀请gracious remark n. 热情的演讲,评论Guest of Honor n. 主宾gun salute n. /v. 礼炮heartfelt gratefulness n. 由衷的感谢hearty embrace n. 热烈拥抱hearty gratitude n. 衷心的感谢heritage n. 传统hospitality n. 好客host a farewell dinner for someone 为…饯行I’ve long heard of you 久仰impromptu speech n. 即席讲话in the company of …/ accompanied by…在…的陪同下inauguration n. 开幕式；就职典礼incomparable hospitality n. 无比盛情的款待itinerary n. 活动日程, 路线kind words of welcome n. 友好的欢迎词lasting friendship n. 长久的友谊long-awaited guest n. 盼望已久的客人look back at the past 回顾过去look into the future 展望未来luncheon n. 午餐会motorcade n. 车队nodding acquaintance n. 泛泛之交occasion n. 场合；时刻opening address n.开幕致辞pay a return visit v. 回拜picnic party n. 野餐会propose a toast v. 祝酒receive; play host to v. 接待receptionist n. 接待员reception n. 招待会regard n.尊重；敬意regards n. 问候renew old friendships (and establish new contacts) 重温旧情(结交新友) seating arrangement n. 席位安排signing ceremony n. 签约式sincere gratitude n. 真挚的感谢speech of welcome / address of welcome n. 欢迎词state banquet n. 国宴sworn friend n. 刎颈之交take this opportunity 趁此机会toaster n. 祝酒者toast n. 祝酒词unequalled adj. 无与伦比的unprecedented adj. 前所未有的warm reception n. 热情接待warm welcome n. 热情欢迎wedding reception n. 喜宴welcoming banquet n. 欢迎宴会welcoming ceremony n. 欢迎仪式1.2两国关系a resolution n. 决议abundant accomplishment n. 丰硕的成果accord with /agree with/conform to/meet v. 符合acknowledge vt. 承认assert v. 宣称; 维护attempt n./ v.尝试beckon v. 召唤boost v. 促进, 刺激，增进bilateral adj. 双边的bilateral channels n. 双边渠道bilateral cooperation n. 双边合作bilateral diplomatic activities n. 双边外交bilateral relations n. 双边关系bully v. 欺侮；以强凌弱cast off v. 丢弃, 摆脱cause n. 原因、理想、事业、目标channel n. 渠道channels of dialog n. 对话渠道chaos n. 混乱clash n. 冲突coercion n. 强迫，高压政治collapse n. 溃败；崩溃commitment n. 承诺，义务common aspiration n. 共同希望common causes n. 共同目标；共同理想common desire n. 共同愿望common development n. 共同发展common interest n. 共同利益common prosperity n. 共同繁荣communiquén. 联合公报community of nations n. 国际社会compassion n. 同情,怜悯consolidate v. 巩固constrain vt. 约束；强迫containment n. 遏制，遏制政策contradictory; self-contradictory adj. 矛盾；自相矛盾convention n.大会；条约; 协定; 惯例convergence n. 集中counterpart n. 相应的、对等的人或物counterproductive adj. 起反作用的; 反效果的courtesy n. 礼貌dawning n. 黎明；开端defy vt./n. 挑战；公然挑衅decency n. 合宜，得体delightful adj.令人愉快的deteriorate vt. 使恶化；变糟deterioration n. 衰败disparity n. 不等；不同diverse adj.多变的diversity n. 多样化；气象万千dominate v. 压倒；统治；占优势emancipate vt. 释放; 解放embody vt. 体现embrace v./ n.拥抱；信奉encroach on 侵犯,蚕食encroachment n. 侵犯endeavor n. 努力equitable adj. 公平的；公正的era n.纪元escalation n. 升级exacerbate vt. 恶化，使…加剧flaunt v./n.炫耀；标榜fluctuation n. 波动；起伏不定foil vt. 阻挠；挫败formulation n. 明确表达；简洁陈述foundation n. 基础；基金会guarantee n./vt.保证guidance n. 指导gunboat policy (尖船利炮) 强权政策hamper v. 妨碍；牵制harness v.. 管理，支配, 控制hereby adv. 在此hostility n. 敌意、敌对状态ideal arena n. 理想的场所，舞台impair v. 损害impetus n. 动力implement n. 贯彻in a friendly manner adv. 以友好的方式in a wide range of areas （就）广泛领域incapacitate v. 使不能胜任incentive n. 动机；动力in-depth adj. 彻底、深入的integral adj. 整体的international community 国际社会intervention n. 干涉interventionist n./ adj. 主张干涉他国内政者intimidate v. 恐吓，威逼intricacy n. 错综复杂irresistible adj. 不可抗拒的jeopardize v. 危及joint communiquén. 联合公报joint declaration n. 联合声明joint efforts n. 协力juncture n. 时刻、关头；接合点jurisdiction n. 权限;管辖权; 管辖区域legitimate adj. 合法的maintain v. 维持；坚持认为make great contribution to 对…有重大贡献malignant adj. 恶性的；致命的manifold n./ adj. 多方面的meddle v. 干涉memorable adj. 令人难忘的mentality n. 心理，思维状态might n. 势力, 兵力mighty adj. 强大的mimic vt./adj. 模仿mistrust n. 不信任；疑心multilateral adj.多边的mutual benefit 互利互惠mutual complementarities互补mutual confidence 相互信任mutual consultation共同协商mutual courtesy 礼尚往来mutual promotion 相互促进mutual respect 相互尊重mutual supervision 互相监督mutual trust 相互信任mutual understanding 相互理解objective n. 目标;目的obstruct n./v. 阻碍overshadow v. 弱化；使…黯然失色paralysis n. 瘫痪，麻痹partnership n. 合作、合伙关系peace-loving adj. 爱好和平的perish v. 毁灭、死亡permeate v. 渗透phenomenal adj. 非凡的；杰出的pioneering adj. 开拓性的pool (efforts) v. 协力potential n. 潜力；adj.潜在的prejudice n. 偏见; v. 损害prerequisite n. 先决条件; adj. 首要的，必要的prescribe v. 指示; 规定prevailing adj. 占优势的；盛行的prior to 在…之前profound adj. 深刻的，意义深远的proliferation n. 扩散promising adj. 有前途的，有希望的promote/facilitate/enhance/strengthen/ advance v. 加强;促进prudence n. 审慎；慎重pursue v. 追求recognition n. 承认，认可reflect v. 反映refrain v. 节制；制止regime n. 政权，体制resentment n. 不满、怨恨resolutely adv. 坚决地; 果敢地resolution n. 决心；决议respectable adj. 可敬的respective adj.分别的, 各自的restructure v. 重组；体制改革reunification n. 统一rhetoric n./adj. 修辞; 空话rival n. /v. 竞争对手rivalry n. 竞争；敌对状态safeguard v./ n. 捍卫sanction v./ n. 制裁score v. 取得（成绩、成果…）setback n. 挫折；退步signify v. 表征,意味着solidarity n. 团结sound adj. 健全的source n. 来源sponsor n./v. 赞助；主办stability n. 稳定status quo n. 现状steadfastly adv. 踏实地；坚定地straightforward adj. 坦率的；直截了当strengthen the bond 加强联系；加固纽带subordinate n./ adj. 次要、下属、从属的subsequent adj. 后来的, 接着发生的, 连续的summit n. 峰会；首脑会议symbol / symbolize n. / v象征thereby adv. 从而threat v./n. 威胁, 恐吓trailblazer n. 开拓者trailblazing adj. 开拓性trample n./ v. 践踏tranquil adj. 安静、宁静的transcend vt. 凌驾; 超越trans-century adj. 跨世纪的transition n. 转变、过渡turmoil n. 动乱；冲突tackle v. 处理；对付take shape v. 成形tense adj. 紧张的undermine v. 破坏undesirable adj. 不受欢迎的union n. 联盟；工会unswervingly adv. 坚定不移地vigorous adj. 强健的; 精力充沛的adj.不稳定的；多变的1.“走出去”（战略）going global2.安全security, safety3.霸权hegemony4.闭关锁国的过去closed-door past5.闭关政策closed-door policy6.标准criteria7.博大深远extensive and profound8.不对抗non-confrontation9.不合理irrationality10.不结盟non-alignment11.不可克服的困难insurmountable difficulty12.不平等inequality13.不懈的努力unremitting efforts14.采取具体步骤undertake concrete step15.差距gap16.尝试attempt17.充满活力dynamism18.崇高的事业lofty cause19.崇高理想grand ideal20.处理分歧address differences21.穿梭外交shuttle diplomacy22.打破障碍beak down barriers23.单边的unilateral24.单边主义unilateralism25.邓小平外交思想Deng Xiaoping's diplomatic thoughts26.低估underestimate / underestimation27.地方矛盾regional conflicts28.地球村global village29.地区差异regional disparity30.地区动乱（冲突）regional turmoil (conflicts)31.独立自主的和平外交政策independent foreign policy of peace32.独立自主原则principles of independence33.度假外交holiday-making diplomacy34.对手opponent ; rival35.对外工作external work36.多边外交multilateral diplomatic activities37.多边政策multilateralism38.多极化multi-polarization39.多极时代multipolar times40.多极世界multipolar world41.多极性multi-polarity42.繁荣prosperity43.繁荣昌盛flourish44.仿效imitation45.分工division of responsibilities46.分裂活动splittist activities47.分歧issues of difference48.否决权veto right49.复杂多变的国际形势a complex and volatile international situation50.复杂化complication51.复杂性complexity52.改善, 改进ameliorate53.高层次、全方位的对话high-level and all-directional dialogue54.高峰论坛summit (forum)55.高级官员senior officials56.隔阂estrangement57.各国人民的福祉well-being of all nations58.公告proclamation59.公平fairness60.公正, 正义justice61.共识consensus62.共赢all-win63.国家元首head of state64.国与国state-to-state65.过渡期the transitional period66.过分go overboard67.合法权益the legitimate rights and interests68.合作关系cooperative relationship69.和睦关系harmonious relationship70.和平peace71.和平方式peaceful means72.和平共处peaceful coexistence73.和平外交peace diplomacy74.后果；结果consequence75.互不干涉内部事务noninterference in each other's internal affairs76.互不往来non-communication77.互惠合同reciprocal contract78.互利合作的伙伴partners of mutual benefit and cooperation79.怀疑suspicion80.环太平洋国家Pacific rim countries81.缓解(冲突) buffer (conflicts)82.恢复行使主权resume the exercise of sovereignty (over…)83.回顾过去in retrospect84.机制mechanism85.积极防御active defense86.积极影响positive impact87.基石cornerstone88.极大的希望great expectation89.集合；凝聚aggregation90.肩负shoulder91.艰巨任务arduous task92.建设性的战略伙伴关系a constructive strategic partnership93.交换意见exchange notes94.交流观点exchange views95.结交新友establish new contacts96.竭力仿效emulate97.解决分歧resolve differences98.进步progress; advancement99.举世闻名word-renowned100.军事机密military intelligence (secrets)101.考验test102.肯定传统affirm old tradition103.框架framework104.扩大共识expand the common ground105.来之不易hard-won106.乐观精神optimism107.礼尚往来reciprocity in courtesy; reciprocal (mutual) courtesy 108.礼仪; 行为准则decencies109.良好诚意good faith110.良好周边环境a favorable climate in areas around china111.良知conscience112.两岸关系cross-strait relations113.领土完整territorial integrity114.领土争端border or territorial disputes115.履行国际义务fulfill international obligations116.盟国ally; allies117.民间外交people-to-people diplomacy118.模式mode119.摩擦friction120.睦邻友好good-neighborliness121.睦邻友好关系good-neighbor relationship122.排除干扰与障碍remove interferences and obstacles123.排他性集团exclusive group124.排外主义exclusivism125.批准ratify126.平等互利equality and mutual benefit127.平等互利原则principle of equality and mutual benefit128.平等伙伴关系equal partnership129.平等协商equal consultation130.齐心协力concerted effort131.歧视discrimination132.起积极作用make positive contribution to133.千年millennium134.前景prospect; future135.谴责condemn136.强权外交power diplomacy137.强权政策power politics138.强制执行enforcement139.侵犯violate; encroach on; an encroachment on140.求同存异seek common ground while reserving/shelving/putting aside differences 141.曲折twists and turns142.屈服yield to143.趋势trend144.全方位合作all-round cooperation145.全面的；全方位的all-round; all-around146.全面接触comprehensive engagement147.全面提高all-round improvement148.全球化globalization149.全世界the world at large; the world over150.权利和义务rights and interests151.让步(make ) concessions152.人道主义者humanitarian153.融合fusion154.三边的trilateral155.深切哀悼convey profound condolences to156.审时度势size up the situation157.使命mission158.事业undertaking, cause159.势头momentum160.树立共有的乐观精神build shared optimism161.双边的bilateral162.双边关系bilateral relations163.双边合作bilateral cooperation164.双边渠道bilateral channels165.双边外交bilateral diplomatic activities166.双赢局面win-win situation167.顺利平稳过渡smooth transition of power168.坦诚深入的candid and in-depth169.条约treaty170.停滞不前halt171.同等尊严equal dignity172.突破break-through173.团结unity174.外部封锁external blockade175.外交diplomacy176.外交惯例diplomatic practice177.外交豁免权diplomatic immunity178.外交晴雨表diplomatic barometer179.外交使节diplomatic envoy180.外交休兵diplomatic truce181.完全不信任downright distrust182.完全平等complete equality183.顽疾stubborn ills184.为大众谋利seek a common good185.维护香港的繁荣与稳定maintain the prosperity and stability of Hong Kong 186.维护正义的justice-upholding187.文化交流cultural exchange188.文化使节cultural ambassador189.文化摇篮cradle of civilization190.无情的事实inexorable facts191.无秩序状态disorder192.现状current state193.详细谈论elaborate on194.协调harmonize195.协定agreement196.结盟alliance197.协议protocol198.协作coordination199.携手join (our) hands ; hand-in-hand200.新的世界形态a new world pattern201.新殖民主义neo-colonialism202.宣称; 维护assert203.宣告, 声明declaration204.亚太地区the Asia-Pacific region205.严峻的考验severe test206.唁电message of condolences207.一贯的政策consistent policy208.以史为鉴，面向未来take history as guidance and look into the future209.意识形态ideology210.永不屈服never yielding211.增进increase, strengthen, promote, expand, boost212.增进了解enhance mutual understanding213.战略关系strategic relationship214.战略协作伙伴关系strategic partnership of coordination215.正常化normalization216.正确的对外方针correct foreign policy217.正式访问an official visit218.政权交接transfer of government219.政权交接the transfer of government220.政治对话political dialogs221.政治和道义上的支持political and moral support222.中长期的合作medium and long term cooperation223.中日和平友好条约the Sino-Japanese Treaty for Peace and Friendship224.种族隔离apartheid; racial segregation225.种族矛盾racial tensions226.种族歧视racial discrimination227.着手处理approach (a problem)228.重新评估reevaluation229.主权国家sovereign states230.驻军garrison231.自决自主self-determination232.自我封闭self-reclusive233.最不发达国家Least-developed countries (LDCs)234.和平共处五项基本原则the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence-- 平等互利Equality and mutual benefit-- 互相尊重和主权领土完整mutual respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity -- 互不侵犯Non-aggression-- 互不干涉内政Non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries-- 和平共处Peaceful coexistence。
2022高级口译攻略
2022高级口译攻略高级口译分为两个部分——笔试和口试，且笔试通过才能参与口试。
下面我就和大家共享高级口译攻略，盼望能够关心到大家，来观赏一下吧。
高级口译攻略听力Listening听力(一)：Spot Dictation和Note-taking and Gap filling这两个大题都是考察速记力量的。
要求填空的内容都是听力文稿中的原话，但难点在于朗读者语速较快。
提高得分率最好的方法就是多听真题和模拟题。
一遍过后若没有都能听出，则再次播放直到能完全填出全部内容。
训练10篇以后，则只听一遍，模拟考试状态。
听力(二)：Listening Comprehension1. 高级口译的听力短文多数考察细节题，所以在听的过程中肯定要记笔记。
2. 由于听力的题目并未在卷子上呈现，所以我们可以从选项动身对问题有一个预判。
听力(三)：Passage Translation and SentenceTranslation1. 边听文章边把握文章大意与主旨2. 速记：记录数字，日期等，还有尽可能多的细节。
最终争取把登记来的点统统用上，串联成一篇文章。
3. 笔记：肯定要干净、有序、条理分明。
否则文章内容的先后次序会受到很大的影响。
4. 用词要简洁直白阅读Reading阅读(一)选择1. 高口的文章相对较长，所以推举的做题方法是先看题后去文章找相关句子。
2. 针对不同题型的不同解法，这里就不赘述了。
(详细要结合题目，可以参考《高级口译笔试备考精要》)3. 高口的词汇远超六级。
应试者最好能背完专四。
若能背完专八，则更为稳妥。
阅读(二)问答题1. 圈画。
问答题的题目较为直白，但是需要回答的内容特别特别多，而且经常涉及好几段的内容，所以肯定要在文章中划出重点。
2.概括与总结。
抄原句费时费劲，而且会使答案缺少层次与规律。
所以肯定要对原文进行概括与整合。
翻译Translation1. 娴熟把握《中高级口译口试词汇必备》上的内容2. 在英译中的过程中若遇难词，先考虑通过上下文推想语境义，不行则跳过。
中高口笔译必备五十大成语中高级口译高频考点城市介绍
中高口笔译必备五十大成语、俗语1. 铁石心肠cruel and unrelenting2. 置死地于后生 a vigorous and manly exertion3. 千秋功业a great undertaking of lasting importance4. 安居乐业live in peace and work happily5. 骨肉分离family separation6. 各得其所be properly provided for7. 众议纷纭disagree on8. 岁月不居，来日苦短Time does not stay is brief is the day.9. 夜长梦多A long delay may mean trouble.10. 时不我与Time and tide wait for no man.11. 依时顺势keep up with the tide12. 日渐没落being pushed out of business13. 鹬蚌相争play A off against B14. 浩然之气noble spirit15. 凤毛麟角a rarity of the rarities16. 望而生畏stand in awe before17. 敬而远之keep respectfully aloof from18. 众矢之的in the dock19. 毫无瓜葛be divorced from20. 尔虞我诈sheer cunning and falsehood21. 备受推崇be rewarded and respected22. 善有善报，恶有恶报the good inevitably is successful and the bad inevitably punished23. 其乐融融sweetness and light24. 义无反顾feel obliged to25. 物美价廉attractive in price and quality26. 源源不断keep flowing in a steady stream27. 滚滚不息pour into28. 福祉well-being29. 精华quintessence30. 阴霾specter31. 势不两立pit sth against sth32. 打折扣wear thin / water down33. 大展宏图score big points34. 重整旗鼓shock sth back to life35. 不谋而合coincide with36. 染指dip one’s finger in37. 博大精深both extensive and profound38. 源远流长long-standing and well-established39. 诸子百家the masters’ hundred schools40. 天下为公All under heaven are equal.09年我要月入2万，该怎么办？必背：中高级口译翻译经典词群历年中高级口译真题翻译主题汇总十大翻译绝招取高分口译笔译分类词汇中高口二阶段备考，我用什么书？翻译十大原则（新版）41. 天下兴亡，匹夫有责Everybody is responsible for the fate of his country.42. 吃苦耐劳bear hardships43. 勤俭持家frugality in household management44. 尊师重教respect teachers and value education45. 当务之急highest priority46. 遭受重创take a heavy toll47. 先见之明prescient move48. 奇园古宅exotic gardens and old mansions49. 衣食住行clothing, food, shelter and transportation50. 信誓旦旦be poised to京伦饭店位于首都市中心，通体洁白，像一方无暇的美玉，镶嵌在十里长街上。
高口之翻译3
十六、颜色词语的翻译
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颜色词和拟声词结合和交替出现唤起视听 联想 On the river where the water meadows are fresh and green, and the stream sparkles on among pleasant islands, murmuring weirs, and whispering rushes. 河边一片片的嫩草青翠欲滴，湍流在美丽 的岛屿、水声潺潺的河堰河沙沙作响的苇 草之间的河水银光闪闪。
十九、修辞的翻译
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Macbeth: out, out, brief candle! Life‘s but a walking shadow…(metaphor) 熄灭了吧，熄灭了吧，短促的烛光！ 人生只不过是一个行走的影子。。。 Cowards die many times before their deaths; The valiant never taste of death but once. （contrast） 懦夫在未死之前，就已经死过好多次； 勇士一生只死一次。
十八、英语习语的翻译
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班门弄斧 Show off the proficiency with the ax before Lu Ban, the master carpenter. But belt-tightening has not led to the robust economic performance promised when reforms began. (Newsweek) 改革初期，紧缩开支并未能使经济获得预 期的活力。
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英语翻译技巧：高级口译阅读
英语翻译技巧：高级口译阅读参与英语翻译考试的小伙伴们，大家预备得怎么样了呢?听说口译是许多人不想面对的考试，你是不是也和他们一样呢?下面我就和大家共享英语翻译技巧：高级口译阅读，盼望能够关心到大家，来观赏一下吧。
英语翻译技巧：高级口译阅读1. 各类词汇，谙熟于心高口阅读的词汇量要求在8000至12000之间，相当于专业八级和GRE常考词汇量，甚为恐怖。
但若认真分析，高口阅读的词汇范畴却和后两者(尤其是和GRE)相去甚远，主要体现在对四大类特别词汇的把握上：新闻偏好词，如soar(猛增，上升)，sway(掌握)，swoop(攻击)等。
外来词，如faux par(禁忌)，per se(本质上)，perrata(成比例的)等。
专业词，如jurisdiction(管辖权)，IVF(试管婴儿)，default(拖欠)，reserve(储备)等。
熟词僻义，如marginal(毛利的，边缘的，非主流的，以少数超过的等)对于口译词汇的复习可参见上海口译教研组出版的《中高级口译考试词汇必备》及台湾友情出版社《单挑时代经典一千词》等。
2. 句法结构，分类击破由于报刊文章正式度介于口语和正式书面语之间的特别性质，我们常常在高口阅读篇章中同时遭受非常简单冗长和非常短小通俗的表达，这就要求考生娴熟把握考试中常消失的三类特别句型结构：a.长句，这类句子在快速阅读中只需抓主干舍从属，其中的让步状语从句、同位语、定语从句、并列结构、分割插入结构等可以快速拂过，整句理解不受个别难词影响。
b. 特别结构句，It is too funny not to take it seriously.(这事情太滑稽了所以肯定要仔细对待。
)这样的句子看似简洁却经常使考生在匆忙中形成相反的解释。
c.俗语，这主要指一些对大陆考生来说较生疏的英语俚语，谚语，成语和一些商定俗成并无典籍可查的地道表达，需要我们在平常的训练中有效地积累。
3. 篇章结构，思路分明广义上说，高口阅读文章均属于倒金字塔的结构形式，即主题内容消失在文章开头的一至三段之内，向后则重要性相关度都逐步递减。
高级口译经验贴
一、本文所做,不敢自我表扬,只盼各位阅文有感,并从中有所收获；若能发现问题并加以指正,不吝赐教,余当感激涕零;当里个当,闲言少叙,接下来听俺说端详;鄙人首先要说明一点,你想做什么,得给自己确立信心,要是没有信心,那就已经失败一半了;尤其是对于当代大学生来说,没有信心就是没有成功,因为没有信心你就不敢做;我这个人从高中起就给自己弄了个名言：“别这么颓废,干点嘛;”看别人在那里玩来玩去的我心里很不舒服,但是我自己其实也非常贪玩;有时候在图书馆看书学习什么的看不下去了,就回宿舍玩电脑,而且经常玩到半夜两点左右,然后早上六点爬起来去学习;现在想来,自己大一大二成绩没有提高就是因为玩这个习惯没有撇掉……其实不能说撇掉,毕竟人生在世就应该快乐一点,但是我却玩得有点过火,于是我连专四都没过;在备考专四的过程中,我还整天消沉,浑浑噩噩,最后考专四的时候听力理解是在半睡半醒中听完的,基本听不懂;后来大二结束,暑假回家,心中还是不服气,于是一狠心回了学校,在武汉的热浪中过了激情英语的两个月;总算有点收获吧,我听完了一本何其莘教授编写的Listen toThis 1,背了四十篇新概念英语3的课文,看了几遍专四单词,再加上以前因为语法问题太懊恼看过几遍语法教程,所以这两个月收获还是挺大的,最起码我现在敢张嘴说英语了;而且在这期间,我还看到了一些关于翻译培训的信息,心里忽然一下子就敞亮起来了,因为专业既然是英语,咱们干嘛不把专业弄个牛逼出来呢于是我就报名参加了一个口译培训班;我这人就是做事情了就不喜欢别人多嘴,一来是怕关心我的人对我说什么,二来是不喜欢有些人在那里什么也不明白就瞎说;当时我在报名口译的时候,有个人看到我桌上的口译材料,就问我：“你在学口译了啊”我说是;他就很牛逼很渊博地来了一句：“笔译还不行呢,还学什么口译”当时我只是笑了笑,没说什么,因为这种人你是和他没道理可讲的,他还会破坏你的心情,干脆敬而远之;你要做的就是闷着头学习,不用管别人说什么,至少要试一下再说,试一下又不掉人品,怕什么;首先要向大家说明一下考试的基本流程,大家也可以边看边想,如果是你,你会怎么准备这个考试;首先,我是在湖北考试的,在那个所谓的“标准考试院”里面考试;尼玛呀,那个桌子乱晃有木有,那个桌椅上全是油漆水彩有木有,那屋子里面还有七彩儿童小板凳有木有有木有那个杀千刀的卷子连个答题卡也没有,薄的要命,选择题答案都是填上去的;当时我想和老师换张桌子,但是在老师附近晃了晃,发现那个桌子也有毛病,于是我就放弃了;大家要是去考试,还是带上一个垫桌脚的工具吧;我还要提醒一下喜欢用粘胶的同学们,扔掉吧,要不然你写不完卷子;我这里离着考试院有点远,于是就提前一天预定了宾馆,第二天直接走了几步就到考试院了;在外面等入场的时候我顺便检查了2B铅笔、橡皮、签字笔、收音机、耳机、身份证和答题卡,当然还有房卡,因为中午考完试就要去退房;首先,考试一共三个钟头,分为上下半场,中间休息十分钟;到了考场外,8点入场;8点半准时开考,在此之前会有老师在黑板上写上收音机调频波段,试音的时候声音是断断续续的,大约每隔20秒钟才会有一次声音;直到正式考试开始,老师发完试卷,声音终于正常了;考试第一题叫做spot dictation,就是像六级考试的题目一样,听力填空,一篇文章给你挖二十个空,每个分,错介词之类的不减分,错实词等按照听写内容的比例扣分,最后整篇文章修改完了,介词之类的虚词累计扣分,大概3个扣一分;这篇文章是一边放录音一边听写的,录音只放一遍,然后给一段时间让你誊写在答题纸上那种杂碎纸只能叫答题纸了,想省钱真是疯了啊,算上后面听力理解每题一分的20题的做题的时间,一共30 分钟;然后声音提示摘下耳机,已经9点了,开始做阅读;阅读一共是四篇文章,共2500左右的单词,二十个空,每个分,总共50分,时间为30分钟;阅读的文章都是从TIME和经济学人之类的牛逼杂志上摘下来的,有些难度;阅读和后面50分的英译汉是连在一起的;总共60分钟;英译汉就是一段大约200多词的小文章,题材大概就是新闻或者评论之类的;一个钟头之后,上半场结束,十分钟休息时间,飞奔厕所解决之后开始下半场考试;下半场10点15开始,上来就是传说中的专八式神题——note-taking and gap-filling;这种题有些难度,开始只发一张草稿纸,放一段文章,听的时候记录关键部分,然后发卷子答题,将试卷上文章精简版的空白部分填好,每空一词;这个也是30分钟,时间足够,但是一定要勤加练习;然后就是30分钟的听译,也就是将听到的东西翻译出来写到试卷上;分为5个英语句子和两篇英语小段落,只要写字快都能写完;后面就是三篇总分50分的阅读主观题,共十题,30分钟;再最后就是50分的汉译英30分钟;11点45考试结束,回宾馆退房走人,三周后在上外考试官网上公布考试结果;180分及格,过了就报名口试,否则重考;前面的spot dictation其实不怎么难,只要好好听就能得个不错的分数;如果能掌握一些做笔记的技巧就更好了;能听到的词要尽量写出来,最好是只写前面几个字母和结尾的词形变化,否则很难做好这一题;如果有些空没有填好,也不要灰心,你听完了,可以通过浏览文章回忆出来;后面的听力理解二十题,4段材料,1、3、5段是采访以及对话演讲什么的,内容很广泛;第二段是5段常速新闻;常速新闻让我很犯难,因为我听力不怎么好,所以使劲听,后来有个老师给我们讲,只要把新闻第一句听懂了,后面的都相对容易了,所以我就试了一下,果然很好用;剩下的三段都是普通的录音,大多选项是四个相似的答案选择其一的;但是做这个题目不能掉以轻心,因为问题没有印在试卷上,而是每段录音最后连续发问,所以要仔细听;平时如果能经常练习口译或者经常听英语材料的话,这类题目考试之前做几套真题就够了;上半场最后的英译汉和下半场的汉译英可以说是灰常灰常蛋疼的题目;我的一个培训老师说,大多数人的汉译英得分都不高,如果想好好练习一下翻译,就看一看配套的高级翻译教程吧;note-taking and gap-filling就是要记下实词以及转折关系;而且,填空的答案并不唯一;但是有时间就一定要检查一下,看看是否语法正确、语义正确;记实词的时候就不要用符号了,尽量记下单词的几个字母,方面回忆;如果符号方便,也可以记下首字母,再写符号,这样也很省时间;有些人可能会强调记下列举等关键信息,但是做了真题之后你会发现,还是能记多少就记多少吧;这道题哪里都可能挖一个空;下半场的听译题总共50分,每句3分,后面的段落翻译一个7分一个8分;这些都是酌情给分的,并不是要一个字不落的翻译出来;句子翻译直接听译就好,不需要做笔记,后面的段落比较长,要做一点笔记;我当时为了练听译还特意买了上外中级口译教程,但是又发现那里面的听力太简单,生词也不会在考试中出现,所以听了一两个单元就放弃了,只是多听了一下真题的听力;我考试遇到的两篇段落听译都是从前几年的真题中剪出来的,一篇是从spot-dictation中剪的,一篇是曾经考过的段落听译原题;后面的三篇阅读主观题,可以说考的是你的书写速度,因为时间很紧,过了专八的人也不可能好好读上一下再动笔;我的一位老师在给我们做考前串讲的时候对我们说了这样一个制胜法宝——做那种题的时候,你就看准题目,找好对应段落,上下文抄;要明白的就是,听力和阅读都是决定你能不能过的题目,两篇翻译只是决定你能不能考高分;无论做阅读还是听力,翻译,都需要不错的词汇量,据说要到8000到12000之间;现在想想：阿拉个擦,我有那么大的词汇量不可能的;阅读的那些真正的“大词”其实我还是有好多不懂的,就连平时常用的词比如split我都忘记过,所以这个标准肯定是有水分的; 最重要的一点：真题和教材无论是考口试还是笔试,都有可能从真题和四本教材中出原题口语教程可以忽略不计,阅读教程大家选作吧所以,真题和教材不可不看;二：通过上海高级口译心得笔试口试哈哈,皇天不负苦心人,两年的奋战终于得到了回报;我的香港游也可以实现了直接进入正题,我是从2011年开始准备高级口译的,那个时候我估计自己的基础只有六级不到的水平;因为自2008年大学以后基本没有碰过英语了,大学毕业的时候,六级应该可以考个500多分的样子,遗忘了3年,外加中途本人还抽空生了个孩子,在家带了一年的孩子,搞得反应和智商都下降了不少,以至于2011年重返职场以后,会跟同事仍习惯儿童用语交流我说这些并不是废话,我的意思是就算是英语基础再差,丢得再久,只要肯努力,一定会成功的而且不需要脱产,只要在职备考即可;2011年4月我报了武汉彼得森口译班,说实话,这般的确不错;我上的时候主讲的俩老师都是武大出来的,不说别的,水平和经验是很丰富的;但是回头来看,如果有六级及以上水平的学员去上会收获更大;当时我的基础差,所以这个培训班仅仅起到了一个领我入门的作用;后来我是把自己当时的笔记整理了一遍又一遍,每整理一遍都会有新的收获;下面我讲讲高口的笔试和口试的主要内容和备考方法：一. 笔试; 笔试内容分为三大块听力1、2；阅读1、2；翻译两段一听力1. 听力的第一部分,分为SPOT DICTATION和MULTIPLE CHOICE,SPOT DICTATION比较简单,录音报什么就填什么好了,一共20个空,每空一分;但是就是要把速记练好,因为其中有3-4个空需要填6个左右单词,所以速记不好,基本这几个空都会挂掉,但是在这上面丢分是太太太不值得了,这个基本是送分题,如果这个分都拿不到,基本就不用考高口了;第二部分multiple choice, 一共20个提,每题分,其中有5个题是从BBC或者VOA中摘取的5段新闻播报,当中生词比较多,句子比较长,这五个题目的准备就需要大家平时多多关注国际新闻了,如果没有多余的时间和经理也可以放弃,毕竟,就算这5题的分全丢也就分,关键的就是其他15个题目,这15题目分为三段,一段是男女对话,一段是个人独白,一段时产品或者事件的介绍;难度都不大,但是有一点,就是只报一边,所以大家要做的是,提前看题,大致猜出他会怎么提问,语音播报的时候要抓住大意的同时,仅仅围绕题目来听,和考六级的体型差不多,只不过高口的短文会更长一点,且只报一遍;如果顺利的话,听力的第一部分拿到40 没有太大问题;2. 听力的第二部分,分为GAP FILLING和SENTENCE TRANSLATION. GAP FILLING 和第一部分的SPOT DICTATION大有不同,这个不再是听见什么就些什么,而是刚一开始不发题,要自己先做速记,然后根据自己记下的关键词和其他笔记来填词进去,一共也是20个空,每空只能填一个词,每个空一份,共20分,这个部分就是完全是考大家的速记了,速记不好的,一分都得不到也是有可能的;速记好的,发挥失常都可以得15 ,因为有些空就是填短文中的原词,就看你记没记下来,如果记下来了蒙都可以蒙对好几个;所以,亲们,速记,很重要啊SENTENCE TRANSLATION就不说了,句子的语速都不快,发音都很清楚,生词也很少,考的就是“速记”二字;此外听力备考仍需强调的就是——上外的听力教材一定一定要精看原因我在这儿不说,只要是真心想考高口的就一定会明白;二阅读1. 阅读也是分为两个部分,第一部分是MULTIPLE CHOICE, 题型就和大家一路考来的高考,四级,六级的阅读是一样,是单选题,一共20个题,4-5篇文章,每题分,共计50分2.第二个部分是回答问题,一共3篇文章,要回答10个问题,每题5分,共50分;我个人觉得阅读没有什么经验可分享,也没有特别多的技巧可言,因为高口的阅读难度真是太大了,一般而言,难度很大的东西考的都是实力,而非是技巧;如果个人的理解能力不行,阅读的速度达不到一定水平,再多的经验也是枉然;建议大家每天看一篇“经济学人”的文章,是精读,这个对大家考高口的阅读会有很大的帮助;三翻译翻译有两段,第一部分是英翻中,第二部分是中翻英;各50分;翻译建议大家好好准备准备,如果准备得好,两段都拿40 也并非难事,这个比准备阅读就容易的多了,精看上外翻译教材;最起码认真的精看一整遍;然后再就是随便拿本6级的单词手册来记一遍,不需要整什么8级的单词手册,也不需要看什么雅思词汇手册,那些都不如6级词汇手册上的词频高,看了只会浪费时间,只要将6及词汇上的90%的词都认得,外加把上外高口翻译教程认真看过并练习过一遍的,翻译每段得40 一点问题都没有;关键看各位有没有毅力了这样粗略算来,如果准备得充分,即便是不加上阅读部分的得分,光只算听力和翻译,众亲们都可以得160 了,阅读部分一共100分,亲们不可能20分都捞不到吧所以我对大家备考的建议就是着重听力和翻译部分,同时兼顾阅读,如果实在没有时间搞阅读,放弃准备阅读也可以,反正大家在复习听力和翻译的时候阅读能力是自然而然也会随之提高的;二. 口试个人认为,口试比阅读部分的难度更大,更不容易通过;且完全是考实力,若硬要说有什么技巧的话那就是速记;我个人准备的时候是把上外口试教材上86篇文章全部都背了下来的,因为我个人认为,像这种完全考实力的考试是没有任何捷径可走的,反而比较笨的方法会更快更奏效;背了这86片文章以后真的是感觉脱了层皮,我跟自己的规定是每天都要背一篇,双休除外,因为双休我要陪孩子;所以足足高了5个月才背完;但是,我并不人问背下所有文章是通过高口的唯一途径,但是至少,这表明了个人的决心,如果大家预备考口试的,连这种决心都没有的话,可以趁早放弃,光拿个口试证也可以;但是那种浴火重生的快感就体会不到了;如果大家觉得背诵这个方法太傻的话,我建议大家,把上外口试教材的内容拿着反复做听译练习,这样搞个两遍,比自己背诵会有更好地效果,建议在校学生这样做,因为听译练习最好是拿出整块整块的时间来做,效果会事半功倍,但是我自己是苦于在职,只有把时间化零为整,一点点的背诵,等熟练掌握诸多句型短语以后,你会发现,口译竟是如此地信手拈来,就好像把家乡话翻译成普通话一般,更何况,上外的口试基本都是围绕着那15个单元的主题来的,只要大家熟悉掌握了主题相关的句型,词汇,短语,真的很简单;但是关键就在“掌握”这两个字上; 基本来说,备考口试是很苦的,其难度应该可以在笔试的基础上乘以2.讲了这么多备考的艰难险阻,希望没有把大家吓着;考高口是需要决心,勇气和踏踏实实的付出的,如果尚未做好思想准备的话请勿轻易尝试,除非自己的专八能考70分以上;否则,浪费钱事小,打击士气则不划算了;但是攻克高口也并非高不可攀,否则我在职备考,且双休还要陪孩子是不可能考过的;写这篇文章谨与各位备战高口的兄弟姐妹们共勉愿大家一分耕耘必得一分收获三6月13号中午12点,坐在电脑前,输入准考证号、姓名、选择考点、考试类型,点击查询,一看是“及格”,终于几个月的努力没有白费;笔试部分成绩226 听力和听译,阅读,翻译75 阅读还是没考好,主要是第二部分的阅读才28分,不知道怎么评分的,小郁闷一下;所用参考书新东方·高级口译真题汇编3月份考的笔试,当时寒假还在辅导别人雅思,上午下午都要上课,所以就利用坐公交的时间练听力,晚上回到住处就练阅读和听译;高口笔试其实就是分三种类型：听力与听译、阅读和翻译;我觉得主要是把听力和听译做好,毕竟这部分对于口试而言,是基础、也是最重要的,而阅读在第二部分是不用考的,翻译部分嘛,也要重视,当然我是学的就是翻译,所以平常会经常练习,备考的时候也就没有单独准备;阅读和翻译我这里就不多说了,主要说说听力和听译部分;听力的填空和选择这两个题型还是比较简单的,主要就是平时多练习,我当时就是利用坐公交车的时间边听边跟读,培养感觉,有的时候还会试着口译出来,当然公交车上比较吵,所以基本还是以培养感觉和跟读为主;晚上回到住地就主要攻克听译以及类似专八mini-lecture的题型,我觉得把这部分练好了,对于口试是很有帮助的;听译主要就是记忆力和笔记的练习了,mini-lecture就是练听意思以及抓重点,口试部分成绩及格所用参考书高级口译教程口试我是在宁波考的,因为只有宁波可以网上报名,比较方便,就是在宁波没有认识的朋友,不过也没什么,是去考试的;笔试考完差不多就开始准备口试了,因为我觉得笔试上180是没有问题的,再加上4月份要代表学校参加“中译杯”的口译比赛,所以必须提早练;好在我有一个比较安静的环境可以练口译,就是我们学院外教的办公室,平常她自己不用,所以我就问她拿了钥匙,只要有时间,就抱着自己的本本去练习;一开始很悲剧,拿中口的试水,结果发现自己反应很慢,不过慢慢坚持,过了一个星期,开始用高口的口译教材,一直到5月底,基本把所有的单元都过了一遍,不过我没有去把书本的内容死记硬背下来,一是没时间,二是觉得没必要;实战：真正到了口译考试前,我超级紧张,去了好几趟卫生间,在大厅候考的时候、就连已经叫到我的号,在等着进口语候考室的时候,我都硬着头皮跑了一趟卫生间,呵呵;之后,我们一组15个人被带到了一个大会议室里准备口语,这个时候我应该是完全放松了;我口语基础还是有的,平常经常练演讲,看完题目之后,我在口试证上列好了提纲和关键词,之后我就在看其他人准备得怎么样,呵呵;大概过了五分钟吧,工作人员把试题收走,然后我们被带出了候考室;接下来,我们坐电梯到了七楼,也就是口译考试的考场;七楼有很多办公室,每个考生按号码进去;我被分在第五组,然后坐在办公室门口等;隐约可以听到里面的录音和考生的声音,但是听不清楚,索性我也就不管他们在讲什么了;好不容易到我了,那个时候我也没有感到紧张了;进去把书包放下,然后就和两位考官打了招呼,之后考官开始问我名字,然后和我交流之前给的话题;我觉得这点很好,不是很死板地让我一个人说,主考官是在和我进行互动,这样更加缓解了我的压力,之后考官还问我来自哪里、在哪上学、学什么专业、第几次考高口口试等等;然后就是最紧张最煎熬的口译部分了;一共有8段话,4段英翻中、4段中翻英;前面两段英翻中讲的是中国和亚洲的经济问题,感觉还好,应该没什么大问题；第3、4段英翻中应该是最差的,尤其是第3段,我没有在规定的时间内翻完,第4段也是自己掰的成分多一些;不过还好我没有让这两段影响我后面的情绪,而且我的中翻英是比英翻中要好的,所以只要熬过了前面的英翻中,后面我就不会怕了;翻完最后一段英翻中的时候,我抬头看了看主考官,看到他写了一个1/5,那估计那段还是过了,嘿;然后是中翻英,第1、2段讲的是中国的航空业,第3、4段讲的是中国银行和世界银行的改革之类的,基本都翻到了;结束之后,主考官没有让我立马走,反倒还和我交流了几分钟,大概的意思就是：“男生一般都不怎么喜欢英文,很高兴我作为一个男生如此喜欢英文,希望我以后要是我成为了一名老师,可以鼓励更多的男生把英文学好之前口语部分问了我以后的职业规划;”然后我和考官道谢之后就出来了,出门之后,感觉应该是可以过得,不过也不确信,因为以前有听说有考生得到考官的鼓励,但最后成绩还是不及格的,所以我也比价忐忑;还有一些小想法和大家分享一下：首先,口译的时候一定要反应快;考官比教看中的就是我们反应是不是迅速,其次再是准确度我是这样认为的;还有就是真正给我们口译的时间是有40-45秒的,不像教程里面30秒钟,所以大家不要担心翻不完,可以偶尔卡壳一下,但是最好是流畅地翻译完;我除了第三句话没翻完之外,其他都是说完之后,还有将近10秒钟的空,就在那等那一声“滴”;其次,我觉得在宁波考试挺好的;首先考点硬件设施比较好,给我们一个舒适的环境;考试地点在宁波人力资源大厦,是新建不久的大楼,连电梯都是触摸式的呢;考试用的办公室设备都是比较好的,据说上外本部考试的桌子什么的比较旧,有的时候会影响做笔记;其次我觉得宁波考点的考官比较容易让你放轻松,口语考试是以交谈形式；而且我之前一直担心草稿纸会不够用,后来,我用了两张草稿纸,嘿嘿,因为草稿纸就放在桌子上,而且是在考生面前,所以如果一张不够用的话,可以再拿一张;我也不知道写的这些有没有用,如果大家还有什么问题,可以跟帖,我回尽量回答的篇四今天口试出分,发现这漫长的高口路程总算是有个终点了,真心不易,遂写一篇经验贴回馈一下这个论坛,毕竟在口试准备期间各位版友提供的心得和资料都给了我诸多帮助;以下只是个人对于高口考试及英语学习的一些看法,不保证对所有人适用;首先关于中口还是高口,貌似从大一开始知道有中高口这么个存在,当时楼主英语为高考水平,自认为中口太简单就直接想挑战高口,导致后来我跟别人说我考高口的时候总有人问我你中口过了吗然后楼主就不知道怎么回答了;不过这也说明中高口之间并没有太大联系,虽然楼主没有考过中口,但就了解下来中口适合英语在高考水平的同学,而高口就难的多再次强调真的是难得多,不可同日而语;因此在选择之时可以根据自身水平来衡量,对于高口而言,用中口来做入门也未尝不可;虽然中口的证书在日后职场感觉没什么用倒是真的;然后关于新东方等培训学校的课程,楼主大一时决定考高口的时候报了新东方的班级,就阅读听力口语翻译都教的那种,个人感觉听下来没有太大的用,因为楼主后来第一次笔试挂了= =应该也是根本没复习的缘故,新东方的好处在于在你对考试考些什么一无所知的时候它可以给你很多信息并且帮你分析,以及有限的一些应试技巧,局限在于它也只能做到这样了,而且报个班也不便宜,英语以及一切考试最终依靠的还是个人的努力程度,除此以外一切都只是bonus而已;再来是关于考高口的跨越时间,楼主算是,笔试考了3次,第一次没过,第二次弃考= = ,口试考了两次但是第一次机会没有报名,所以时间上来说也有3次了,按照1年春秋季2次机会加起来的话楼主整整用了3年时间才把这个证给考出来,其中不乏是前几次考试都没认真复习的缘故,毕竟大学生活嘛,你们懂的,楼主又不是学霸;反正是不止一次的听同学说高口你不是上次考过的么怎么又在考楼主已经不高兴和他们解释上次没过啦,或者上。
高口词汇
高口词汇.txt﹃根网线''尽赚了多少人的青春い有时候感动的就是身边微不足道的小事。
﹎破碎不是最残酷的最残酷的是踩着这些碎片却假装不疼痛固执的寻找﹎将来就算我遇见再怎么完美的人,都有一个缺点,他不是你,_____下辈子要做男生，娶一个像我这样的女生。
Aa hedge against inflation n. 防止通货膨胀的措施a prudent monetary policy n. 稳健的货币政策absolute advantage n. 绝对优势accounting n. 会计学；帐目清算；财会[glossary] [扩展]accountant n.会计（师）accounting fraud n. 做假帐accounting scandal n. 财务丑闻bookkeeping n. 记帐financial statement n. 财务报表keep the public informed of the financial affairs 财务公开acquire v. 购置、获取，购买，取得所有权acquisition of assets n. 购置资产active balance (passive balance/ unfavorable balance) n. 顺差 (逆差)advanced technology n. 先进技术aggregate demand n. 总需求aggregate supply n. 总供给allocation of financial resources n. 金融资源配置ample supply n. 供应充裕an average annual increase n. 年均增长annual return n. 年利润anti-dumping measures n. 反倾销措施areas for the market access n. 市场准入领域asset n. 资产associate company (subsidiary / affiliate) n.联营公司（子公司、附属公司）autarky n.自给自足; 经济独立（政策、地区、国家）authorization bill n. 授权书Bbad loans n. 不良贷款banking n. 银行业[glossary] [扩展]investment bank n. 投资银行Goldman Sachs 高盛Citibank 花旗银行HSBC (Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation) 汇丰银行Bank of America 美洲银行Deutsche Bank 德意志银行bankruptcy protection n. 破产保护block release n. 脱产进修boom n./v.（经济）突然膨胀bottom line n. 帐本底线, 底线brand loyalty n. 对某个牌子的忠诚度brand names n. 品牌Bretton Woods system 布雷顿森林体系(一国际金融体系) budget n. /v. 预算budget deficit n.预算赤字budget surplus n. 预算盈余budgetary items n. 预算项目business cycle n. 商业周期business fraud n. 商业欺诈business mechanism n. 创业机制business prototype n.商业原型、商业模型Ccapital n. 资本, 资金, 资产capital flow n. 资本流动car loans n. 汽车贷款cash bonuses n. 现金奖励cash flow n. 现金流量cashier's cheque n. 本票central business district (CBD) n. 中央商务区certificated public accountant (CPA) n. 注册会计师certified business executive n. 高级商务师checks and balances n. 相互制约和平衡collect call n. 对方付费电话commerce clause n. 商业条款commercialization n. 商品化commodity n. 商品common law n. 习惯法company n. 公司[glossary] [扩展]concern 公司，商行，康采恩（垄断组织）corporate （股份有限）公司，企业conglomerate 集团企业，跨行业大企业firm 公司，尤指合股、合伙公司enterprise 企业，公司，事业business 工商企业，商务业务establishment 公司, 企业，商业机构house 商业机构; 出版公司outfit 企业, 商业组织venture (为赢利而进行冒险的)企业comparative advantage n. 相对优势competition and comparison n. 竞争比较competition mechanism n. 竞争机制competition n. 竞争contract n. 合同consumers' association n. 消费者协会consumer confidence n. 消费者信心consumer expectations n. 消费预期conventional industries n. 传统产业core competitiveness n. 核心竞争力cost n. 成本cost-effectiveness n. 成本效益cutting edge (have an edge on) n. 优势（比…有优势）Ddealer/ jobber/ broker n. 经销商/ 股票经纪人deficit spending n. 赤字开支deflation / inflation n. 通货紧缩/ 通货膨胀demand n../v. 需求demand curve n. 需求曲线deposit n./v. 定金, 保证金depreciation / appreciation n. 贬值/增值depression n. 萧条，经济不景气的一段时期designer clothing/jeans / sneakers n. 名牌服装/牛仔裤/运动鞋devaluate v. (使) 贬值discount rate n. 贴现率distribution n. 流通, 分配diversification of investment n. 投资多元化double / triple / quadruple… v./ adj./ n. 两倍/三倍/四倍（翻两翻）Eeconomic aggregate n. 经济总量economic and cultural exchanges n. 经济文化交流economic belts n. 经济带economic globalization n. 经济全球化economic growth n. 经济增长economic leverage n. 经济杠杆作用economic regulation n. 经济调节economic returns n. 经济回报、经济效益economic zones n. 经济区economical adj. 节约的, 经济的economics n. 经济学economic ills n. 经济弊病economy class n. (客机) 经济舱effective Corp management n. 有效的公司管理[扩展]“loose and tight” management 张弛有度的管理a paragon of management virtue 管理功效的典范consequence management 结果管理hands-off management 疏松管理HR (human resource) 人力资源HR management 人力调配performance management 业绩管理PR (public relation) 公关risk management 风险管理transparency management 透明管理the two-tier management system 双层管理体制top-down management 自上而下的管理模式make one's own management decisions 自主经营managerial and technical staff 管理技术人员managerial expertise 管理知识effective demand n. 有效需求efficiency n. 效率，功效elasticity n. 弹性、可塑性、灵活度electronic dealing n. 电子交易electronic business (E-business) n. 电子商务elite n. 精英emerging market n. 新兴市场employment insurance n. (EI, 旧称UI--unemployment insurance，失业保险) 就业保险金employment rate n. 就业率employment n. 就业engine for economic growth n. 经济增长的引擎enterprise n.企业[扩展]annexation and reorganization of enterprises 企业兼并重组corporate checks and balances 企业间的制衡corporate / entrepreneurial culture 企业文化corporate image(CI)/ enterprise image 企业形象cross-national corporation 跨国公司earnings growth 收益增长enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit 创业精神entrepreneur 企业家entrepreneurship 企业家身分(地位、职权、能力)foreign-capital enterprise 外资企业foreign-invested venture 外资企业free enterprise 自由企业(制) 政府很少干预，私人自主经营individual initiative 个人主动性initial capital 启动资金listing of a company 企业上市multinational corporation 跨国公司team spirit; esprit de corps 团队精神traditional-bound business 受传统束缚的企业transformation （企业）转型transnational corporation 跨国公司registered capital 注册资本overseas-funded enterprises 外资企业equities [英][pl. ](无固定利息的)股票, 证券F4 P (product, price, place and promotion) 4P营销理论: 产品、价格、地点、促销4 C 4C(以消费者为中心)理论包括：[扩展]Consumer needs & wants 消费者的需求与欲望Cost 消费者愿意付出的成本Convenience 为消费者所提供的方便Communication 与消费者的沟通fair competition n. 公平竞争federal reserve system (美国)联邦备银行制度federation n. 联邦financial fraud(s) n. 金融欺诈financial crisis (turmoil) n. 金融危机（风暴）financial market n. 金融市场bullion market 金银买卖市场cash market 现金市场debt market 债务市场discount market 贴现市场equity market 股本市场foreign exchange and derivatives markets 外汇及衍生产品市场foreign exchange market 外汇市场global financial system 全球金融体系insurance market 保险市场securities market 证券市场fiscal adj. 财政的[扩展]fiscal and monetary levers 财政和货币杠杆fiscal budget 财政预算fiscal policy 财政政策, 财务方针fiscal year 财政年度fiscal lever 财政杠杆fiscal levy 财政税收financial deficit 财政赤字fiscal revenue 财政收入national revenue 财政收入fixed assets n. 固定资产fund / capital / venture capital n. 资金, 资本/ 风险资金future market n. 期货市场Ggenerate profit v. 创利GNP at factor cost 按成本要素计算的国民生产总值go public v. 上市go to Chapter 11 v.（美）申请破产保护go under v. (口) 倒闭government spending n. 政府开支gray income n. 灰色收入Great Depression n.（美）大萧条[详析]：a prolonged and very severe recession. The economic crisis which began around the time of the stock market crash in October 1929 and continued through the 1930s.gross domestic product (GDP) n. 国内生产总值gross national product (GNP) n. 国民生产总值Hhead –hunter n. 猎头公司hedge (against) v. 保护或防御手段, 尤指防止经济损失hedge fund n. 对冲基金high return n. 高收益，高回报holiday economy n. 假日经济human capital n. 人力资本hyperinflation n. 恶性通货膨胀Iimmediate consumption n. 即期消费immediate yield n. 直接回报incentive n. 动力industry n. 工业，产业，行业[扩展]advertising industry 广告业aerospace industry 航空和航天工业aircraft industry 飞机制造工业basic industry 基础工业, 重工业book industry 图书出版业brewing industry 啤酒酿造工业; 酿造工业capital-and-technology-intensive industries 资金技术密集型产业car industry 汽车制造工业electronic industry 电子工业entertainment industry 娱乐业equipment manufacturing industry 装备制造业heavy industry 重工业information industry 信息产业knowledge-intensive industry 知识密集型产业labor-intensive industry 劳动密集型产业large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 国有大中型企业light industry 轻工业lottery industry 博彩业manufacturing industry 制造业monopoly industries 垄断行业rubber industry 橡胶工业secondary industry 第二产业service industry developing in all areas 服务业全面发展textile industry 纺织行业the tertiary industry 第三产业tourist industry 旅游业industrialization n. 工业化industries in straitened circumstances n. 困难行业infrastructure n. 基础设施insufficient demand n. 需求不足interest cut n. 降息interest group n. 利益集团interest rate(s) n. 利率international competitiveness n. 国际竞争力international settlement n. 国际结算Jjoint effort n. 共同努力joint venture n. 合资企业joint-stock system n. 股份制KKeynes 凯恩斯(英国经济学家)Keynesian theory 凯恩斯经济理论Llabor n../v. 劳动力labor-intensive industries n. 劳动密集型产业Laffer curve 拉费曲线(美国供应学派经济学家拉费所假设的一条曲线) laissez-faire 放任政策(尤指资本主义国家的政府对工商业者的自由) late charge n. 滞纳金law of demand n. 需求定律law of supply n. 供给定律lawful business operations n. 合法经营leasing n. 出租业务legal person n. 法人legitimacy n. 合理性、合法性legitimate rights and interests n. 正当权益liability of fault n. 过失责任limited liability corporation n. 有限公司liquidity n. 变现能力listed companies n. 上市公司logistics n. 物流loss leader n. 为招揽顾客而削本出售的商品loss leader strategy n. (商店) 优惠策略MM & A (merger & acquisition) 收购兼并macroeconomic control n. 宏观调控macroeconomics n. 宏观经济学make ends meet v. 收支平衡; (口) 日子过得去marginal return n. 边际报酬market n. 市场[扩展]market diversification 市场多元化market economy 市场经济market intelligence 市场情报、市场调查market saturation 市场饱和market share 市场占有率market supervision 市场监管marketization 市场化market-oriented employment mechanisms 市场导向的就业机制mass production n. 批量生产mechanism n. 机制merger n. 合并merger and bankruptcy n. 兼并破产merit n. 价值microeconomics n. 微观经济学modern distribution n. 现代流通modern market economy n. 现代市场经济modern market system n. 现代市场体系modern services n. 现代服务业monetary adj. 货币的[glossary] [扩展]European monetary integration 欧洲货币一体化convertible currency 可兑换货币monetary lever 货币杠杆monetary policy 货币政策monetization 货币化monetization of public debt 公债货币化withdrawal of currency from circulation 货币回笼monopoly n. 垄断multifunctionality n. 多功能性multilateral trade negotiation n. 多边贸易谈判Oold-age pension n. 养老保险制度oligarchy [ ] n. 寡头政治, 寡头政治的执政团oligopoly [ ] n. 求过于供的市场情况on-the-job training n. 岗位培训opportunity cost n. 机会成本optimize (maximize / minimize) v. 优化 / 最大化/ 最小化overheating n. 过热Pparagon [ ] n. 模范, 典范patent [ ] n. 专利patent grant n. 专利许可patent law n. 专利法规pension n. 退休金; 养老金per capita GDP [ ] n. 人均国内生产总值per capita income n. 人均收入performance n. 业绩performance-based salary system n. 基于业绩的工资制度plunge / dip / down v/n. （价格）猛跌/ 小跌/ 下跌political economy n. 政治经济portfolio [ ] n. 一组投资positioning n. 定位potential market n. 潜在市场practical productive forces n. 现实生产力primary productive force n. 第一生产力printing and packaging business n. 包装印刷业private enterprise n. 私营企业private property n. 私人财产private sector n. 私营部门privatization n. 私有化prime rate n. 银行最低贷款利率produce n. 农产品productivity n. 生产力profit n./v. 利润promotion n. 促销propaganda [ ] n. （贬义）宣传proprietary intellectual property rights [ ] n. 自主知识产权protectionism n. 贸易）保护主义public sector n. 公共部门public services n. 公共服务purchasing power n. 购买力QQC (quality check) 质检QFII [ ] 合格的境外机构投资者Rraffle [ ] v. / n. 抽奖售货real economy n. 实体经济recession n. 衰退，不景气regime [ ] n. 政权、机制rent n. 租金regional protectionism n. 地方保护主义resources n. 资源restructure n. 改组、重组retail gap n. 零售空间Ssaturation; be saturated [ ] n./ adj. 饱和sales volume n. 销售额satellite town n. 卫星城savings n. 储蓄scale operation n. 规模经营scarcity n. 缺乏securities n. 证券[glossary] [扩展]stock , bond, securities 股票, 债券, 证券securities, options and futures 证券、期权及期货A share A股B share B 股bear market 熊市bull market 牛市China's Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) 中国证监会corporate bonds 企业债day trading 当日交易delisted company 被摘牌的公司equity participant 参股者fixed income investments 固定收益类投资hedge 对冲；保值手段IPO (Initial Public Offering) 首次上市（股票）joint stock company 参股公司long -term government bonds 长期国债long- term treasury bonds for construction 长期建设国债rally 反弹, 股市价格和成交额在下跌后显著的上升the Dow Jones Industrial Average 道琼斯工业指数the NASDAQ Composite Index 纳斯达克综合指数the Nikkei Average 日京指数S & P (Standard & Poors) 标准普尔指数London SE (Stock Exchange) 伦敦证券交易所New York SE 纽约证券交易所Shanghai SE 上海证券交易所Shenzhen SE 深圳证券交易所seeking financing by listing on the stock market 上市融资securities investment 证券投资state stock reduction; reduce state's stake in listed companies 国有股减持State-held shares 国有股Stock index 股票指数stock option 股票期权treasury bonds (T-bonds) 国库券The Securities and Futures Ordinance (SFO) 证券及期货条例separation of powers n. 权利分离SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission) (美) 证券交易委员会slump n./v. (经济)衰退，滑坡soar / surge / climb n./v. （价格）上涨social and economic stability n. 社会经济稳定social credit system n. 社会信用体系social wealth n. 社会财富SOHO (Small Office & Home Office) SOHO一族(小型办公室和家庭办公室) solvency [ ] n. 偿付能力sources of investment n. 投资主体speculative ad,j. 投机性的stabilize prices v. 稳定物价start / build… from scratch v. 从零开始; 白手起家storage and transport n. 储运strategic planning n. 战略部署, 战略计划strong （currency） adj. （货币）坚挺strong demand n. 需求强劲subsidy n. 补助金，津贴sunrise industry n. 朝阳产业sunset industry n. 夕阳产业supply n. 供给supply side economics n. 供方经济学survival rate n. 成活率SWOT analysis n. 优势与劣势, 机遇与挑战分析T24 –hour service n. 全天候服务tangible benefits n. 实惠technology-intensive product n. 技术密集产品tender-invitation n. 招商the distribution (allocation) of resources n. 资源配置the economic structure n. 经济结构the industrial structure n. 产业结构the macro-control system n. 宏观调控体系the market system n. 市场体系the open economy n. 开放型经济the order of the market economy n. 市场经济秩序the potentially largest market n. 潜在的最大市场the world trade organization (WTO) n. 世贸组织the U.S. Trade Representative n. 美国贸易代表the Canadian trade mission n. 加拿大贸易代表团tourist economy n. 旅游经济trade n./v. 贸易[扩展]ASEAN (Association of South-East Asian Nations) 东南亚国家联盟ASEAN Free Trade Area 东盟自由贸易区EU (European Union) 欧盟chamber of import and export trade 进出口商会CIF(cost, insurance, freight) 到岸价CIFC （cost, insurance, freight and commission）到岸价加佣金COD (cash on delivery) 货到付款diary product 奶制品durable consumer goods, consumer durables 耐用消费品FMCG (fast-moving consumer goods) 快速消费品FOB (free on board) 离岸价forward delivery 远期交货free port 自由港grassland farming 牧业horticultural product [ ] 园艺品ice-free harbor 不冻港L/C (letter of credit) 信用证lamb 羊羔milk powder 奶粉mutton 羊肉non-tariff trade barriers 非关税贸易壁垒produce 农产品protectionism 保护主义protective price 保护价格quotation of prices 报价单retail market 零售市场sea and air shipping service 海上和空中运输服务single-product export country 单一产品出口国steel 钢铁the most competitive products 拳头产品timber 木材timber product 木器trade balance 贸易平衡trade bloc 贸易集团（如：欧盟）trade conflicts 贸易冲突trade deficit (surplus) 贸易逆差 / 顺差trade in commodities and services 商品和服务贸易trade monopolies and regional blockades 行业垄断和地区封锁trade sanction 贸易制裁trade volume 贸易额wholesale market 批发市场wool export 羊毛出口traditional industries n. 传统产业transaction n. 交易triple n./v./adj. 增长两倍turnover n. 销售额TV shots n. 电视广告TQC (Total Quality Control) n. 全面质量管理W外商直接投资foreign direct investment外向型经济outward-looking economy外资企业overseas-funded enterprises; foreign-funded company完善的社会主义市场经济体制full-fledged socialist market economy 温饱 having only adequate food and clothing稳定物价 stabilize prices稳健的货币政策the sound monetary policy外汇 foreign exchange[扩展] [glossary]外汇储备 reign exchange reserves外汇管理局 SAFE ( State Administration of Foreign Exchange)外汇管制 foreign exchange control外汇汇率 foreign exchange rate外商直接投资 direct foreign investmentX西部地区China's western region西部大开发 the large-scale development of China’s western region 下岗失业人员再就业reemploy laid-off workers消费需求的不足insufficient consumer spending消费者权益日 International Day for Consumers' Rights and Interests 国际交流和合作international exchanges and cooperation新的经济增长点new growth areas in the economy需求疲软weak demandY亚洲金融危机the Asian financial crisis衣食住用行food, clothing, housing, transport and daily necessities 优化消费结构optimize the consumption structureZ招商inviting tenders; leasing振兴装备制造业revival of the equipment manufacturing industry政府资助项目government-sponsored programs质检QC (quality check)中部地区the central region中长期国外投资medium- and long-term foreign investment中国出口商品交易会(广交会) China Export Commodities Fair (Guangzhou Fair) 中国加入世贸组织China's entry into the WTO中国购物中心论坛 China Shopping Center Forum中国电信 China Telecom中国联通 China Unicom中国移动 China Mobile中信(中国国际信托投资公司) Citic group中央银行 the Central Bank / PBOC专卖店 exclusive agency; franchised store资源消耗低low resources consumption资源优化配置 optimize resource allocation自负盈亏responsible for one's own profits and losses自给自足autarky自由贸易free trade自由贸易区free trade zone自由职业人员free-lance professionals重点项目 key project[扩展]国家重点工程national key projects南水北调 South-to-North water diversion西电东送 West-East electricity transmission project 西气东输 West-East natural gas transmission project。
各类翻译词汇.
1. 教育类ability 能力academy（高等）专科院校，学会assignment作业，任务architecture建筑学assume假设accent口音acquire获得；学到authority权威，当局bilingual双语的behavior行为bachelor学士，学士学位course课程compulsory必修的catalog目录，编目discipline纪律deduction演绎，推论economics经济学entitle给…权利，给…资格graduate毕业，毕业生grant授予intellect智力academic 学术的，学院的attend参加（会议），上（学，课）astronomy天文学angle角，角度abroad在国外accomplish完成，实行approve赞成，同意，批准award授予，奖品，奖金botany植物学bias偏见campus校园credit学分calculator计算器degree学位divide分割，除以evaluation评估expel开初，赶出faculty技能，系，学科，学院，全体教员geography地理学ignorant无知的interact互相作用，互相影响lecture演讲laboratory实验室monitor班长moral道德，道德的principal首要的，（大学）校长politics政治学psychology心理学plus加semester学期sociology社会学statistics统计，统计学tutor导师，教员the Students’ Union学生会volume体积library图书馆literature文学mathematics数学optional可以任选的physics物理学philosophy哲学percentage百分比，百分率register登记，注册science科学square正方形的seminar研讨会tuition学费undergraduate大学毕业生2. 电子科技类accessory附件apply应用aviation航空工业adapt适应battery电池（组）create创造contrive设计发明device设备devise发明创造emit发射（光，热，声波，气味等）electron电子globe全球innovation创新invent发明increase增加landfill垃圾掩埋坑memory记忆manufacture制造，加工originality独创性orbit轨道，（绕…）作轨道运行patent专利的，专利权automatic自动的advanced先进的approach方法，途径applicable可应用的，适当的cable电缆creative有创造力的cabinet公文柜，小储藏箱decipher解码decrease降低evolution发展进化fax传真gear齿轮，传动装置impact冲击investigate调查insignificant无意义的monitor监控model型号network网络optics（单、复数同行）光学portable可携带的profit利润收益propose提议portable手提式的recycle再利用spray喷射（农药等）technology技术transform改变，使变性质，变样子transmit传播，传递universe宇宙vacuum真空weld焊接plastic塑料radiation辐射significant意义重大的semiconductor半导体target目标theory理论ultimate极端的，极端utility功用，效用vertical垂直的3. 能源类animal dung as fuel动物粪便作燃料biogas沼气biomass energy生物质能coal煤consume消耗，耗尽energy resources能源资源energy processes能源过程electric power plants发电厂energy conservation能源保护energy efficiency能源效率energy production能源生产energy utilization patterns能源利用方式fuel alcohol燃料酒精fertilizer肥料germ微生物，细菌hydroelectric power水力发电natural gas天然气non-polluting energy sources无污染能源nuclear fuels核燃料nuclear energy uses核能利用offshore oil drilling近海石油钻探alcohol含酒精的饮料，酒精biomass生物量charcoal木炭crude oil原油destructive破坏性的enriched uranium浓缩铀electric power电力electric storage devices蓄电装置energy conversion能源转换energy policy能源政策energy use能源利用fossil fuels矿物燃料fuel wood薪柴gas liquefaction气体液化gasoline汽油lighting照明non-renewable energy resources不可nuclear energy核能natural gas exploration天然气勘探nuclear power plants核电站oils油类oil exploration 石油勘探radiation放射物，辐射refuse derived fuels从废物中提取的燃料solar heating日照加热tidal energy潮汐能wave energy波浪能petrol汽油renewable energy sources可再生能源solar energy太阳能volcano火山wind energy风能4. 医学类acid酸，酸性物质bacteria细菌fatigue疲劳，劳累gene基因infant婴儿male男性的，雄的prescribe开处方restrain阻止，抑制severe严重的transplant移植virus病毒vital重要的，致命的appetite胃口，欲望facility（pl.）设备，设施female女性的，雌的infect感染laser激光organ器官remedy补救，医治，治疗surgeon外科医生sexual性的，有性别的vessel船舶，容器，血管voluntary自愿的5. 交通类brake刹车，刹住（车）route路线，航线shuttle梭子，航天飞机transport运输victim受害者wagon四轮马车，铁路货车coach教练，长途公共汽车subway地铁transfer换乘转车vacant空的，未占用的vehicle交通工具，车辆6. 社会问题类alleviate减轻adopt收养，采用apartment公寓accuse of指控abuse滥用，虐待acknowledge承认，致谢bulb灯泡budget预算compile编辑colleague同事convict证明…有罪campaign活动community社区，社会digest消化descendant后代deprive剥夺ethnic民族的，种族的furniture家具feminist女权主义issue出版，发行/（杂志的）期isolation隔离abandon离弃adapt适应，改编appetite口味accommodation膳宿appeal呼吁，恳求appoint任命，委派barrier障碍，栅栏costume服饰carpet地毯capitalism资本主义communism共产主义collision碰撞，冲突decoration装饰品divorce离婚defend为…辩护discriminate歧视flat公寓feudalism封建制度gymnasium体育馆immigrant移民impose (on)把…强加judge法官，判断motivation动机nourish滋养，使强壮ornament装饰品，装饰obscure 阴暗，模糊offend冒犯，触犯racial种族的sandal凉鞋skyscraper摩天大楼sake缘故，理由trap陷阱，圈套torture拷打，折磨terror恐怖volume卷，册voyage航海，航行virus病毒verdict裁定witness证人wander漫游，闲逛mattress床垫nutrition营养，营养学necessity必需品，必要性oblige迫使offence犯规，犯法rack搁架revenue收入suburb郊区sin罪scandal丑事，丑闻temple庙宇tidy整洁的urban城市的vacuum真空（吸尘器）vehicle交通工具violence暴力wardrobe衣橱wax蜡welfare福利7.商业类agriculture农业assemble装配administrator管理人association协会，联合agenda议程bankrupt倒闭ban取缔，禁止contract合同commerce商业component零部件customer消费者charge费用cargo（船、飞机等装载的）货物dumping倾销discount（价格）折扣entrepreneur企业家expenditure支出，消费expansion扩大，发展fund资金installment分期付款investment投资appoint任命advertisement广告accountant会计师apply申请agent代理商，动因bilateral双边的bargain便宜货，讨价还价corporation团，公司，企业commodity商品cosmetic化妆品customs关税consultant顾问debt债dismiss解雇deposit存款，定金expend消费expense开销，费用export出口，输出insurance保险，保险业impact影响力investigate调查import进口，输入magnify放大opponent对手property所有物prospect前景rival竞争对手registration登记注册retail零售security保安，安全tourism旅游业tax税venture风险投资merchandise商品货物总称motivation动力purchase购买promotion广告宣传，晋升profitable有利可图的receipt收据，收条resume简历staff全体职工stimulate刺激，激励transaction交易utensil用具valid有效的8. 大气温度类atmosphere大气air quality空气质量atmospheric components大气成分carbon dioxide二氧化碳oxygen氧气air-water interaction空气-水相互作用atmospheric precipitation大气降水evaporation蒸发作用rainfall降雨transpiration蒸腾作用air pollution空气污染air pollutants空气污染物fly ash飞灰haze薄烟smog烟雾agrometeorology农业气象学climatic change气候变化drought干旱greenhouse effect温室效应microclimate effects微气候影响atmospheric composition大气组成atmospheric chemistry大气化学atmospheric particulates大气颗粒物greenhouse gases温室气体ozone layer臭氧层atmospheric circulation大气环流carbon cycle碳循环precipitation enhancement降水增加solar radiation太阳辐射winds风acid rain酸雨chlorofluorocarbons氯氟碳（CFC）fog雾indoor air pollution室内空气污染climatic issues气候问题climate气候climatic zones气候带global warming全球变暖humidity湿度sea level rise海平面上升weather modification人工影响天气solid earth固态地球seismic activity地震活动volcanoes火山9.土地资源类soils土壤contaminated land污染的土地gravel pits沙坑land carrying capacity土地承载能力land reclamation土地开垦land use classification土地使用分类sand extraction沙石开采soil capabilities土地潜力soil contamination土地污染soil erosion土地侵蚀water erosion水蚀arid lands干旱土地drought control抗旱sand dune fixation山丘固定land values土地价值agricultural production农业生产crop protection作物保护lithosphere岩石圈caves洞穴seismic monitoring地震监测wind erosion风蚀agricultural land农用土地contaminated soil污染的土壤heath land荒地land pollution土地污染land restoration土地恢复marginal lands边缘土地sedimentation沉积soil conservation土壤保持soil degradation土壤退化soil improvement土壤改良arid land ecosystems干旱地区生态系统desertification沙漠化dry farming旱作sand dunes沙丘agricultural pests农业害虫biological control of pests害虫的生物控制infestation of crops作物虫害传染infestation of food粮食虫害传染irrigation canals灌溉渠herbicides除草剂10. 生态环境类semi-arid land ecosystems半干旱地区生态系统forest ecosystems森林生态系统coniferous针叶林forest conversation森林保护grass fires草地火灾indigenous forests本地森林sub-tropical ecosystems亚热带生态系统temperate woodlands温带林地tropical forests热带森林woodland ecosystems林地生态系统temperate ecosystems and cold zone ecosystems温带生态系统和寒带生态系统Antarctic ecosystems 南极生态系统Arctic ecosystems 北极生态系统cold zone ecosystems 寒带生态系统polar ecosystems 极地生态系统mountain ecosystems 山地生态系统mountaineering登山运动irrigation灌溉natural fertilizers天然肥料pesticides杀虫剂afforestation植树造林deforestation森林砍伐forest fires森林火灾greenbelts绿化带reafforestation再造林temperate forests温带森林tropical ecosystems热带生态系统tropical forest ecosystems热带森林生态系统Antarctic region南极地区Arctic region北极地区grassland ecosystems草地生态系统temperate ecosystems温带生态系统highland ecosystems高原生态系统wetland ecosystems湿地生态系统waterlogged lands水涝地11.生物类biological diversity and protected areas 生物多样性和保护区adaptable species适应性强的物种amphibians两栖动物animal resources动物资源biological resources生物资源birds鸟类conservation of genetic resources基因资源保护ecological balance生态平衡endangered plant species濒危植物物种hunting捕猎mammals哺乳动物microorganisms微生物national reserves国家保护区primates灵长类protected species受保护的物种weeds杂草wildlife conversation野生生物保护bacteria细菌gene banks基因库viruses病毒biotechnological issues生物技术问题forest management森林管理algae 藻类animal behavior动物习性biological diversity生物多样性biosphere reserves生物保护区botanical gardens植物园endangered animal species濒危动物物种food chain食物链land mammals陆地哺乳动物marine conservation areas海洋保护区national parks国家公园poaching偷猎protected areas保护区vegetation植被wildlife野生生物wildlife habitats野生生物生境fungi真菌microbial resources微生物资源yeasts酵母agricultural biotechnologies农业生物技术biosafety生物安全cloning 无性繁殖health-related biotechnologies与健康有关的生物技术reproductive manipulation繁殖控制recombinant DNA technology重组基因技术selective breeding of animals动物的选择性繁殖selective breeding of plants植物的选择性繁殖animal diseases动物疾病12.水资源类socio-economic impact of biotechnologies社会经济对生物技术的影响freshwater淡水conservation of freshwater淡水保护lakes湖泊river basin development河流流域开发waterside development水边开发snow雪surface waters地表水water resources development水资源开发lake basins湖泊流域freshwater degradation淡水恶化run-off径流water pollution水污染drinking water supply饮用水供应biotechnologies生物技术freshwater resources 淡水资源ice冰natural drainage systems自然排水系统watershed management流域管理rivers河流subterranean water地下水water resources conservation水资源保护freshwater ecosystems淡水生态系统river basins河流流域river pollution河流污染seepage渗漏water salination水的盐化drinking water饮用水drinking water treatment饮用水处理sewage treatment plants污水处理厂water treatment水处理sea bed exploitation海地开发marine environment海洋环境marine pollution海洋污染ocean currents洋流ocean temperature海洋温度sea level海平面coastal areas沿海地区coastal environments沿海环境small islands小岛屿fish鱼类fisheries management渔业管理shellfish水生贝类动物resources management资源管理13.其他词汇mineral resources矿产资源national conservation programs国家保护计划natural conversation自然保护non-renewable resources不可再生资源petroleum resources conservation石油资源保护rural water supply农村供水water pumps水泵water wells水井sea bed mining海底采矿marine ecosystems海洋生态系统ocean circulation海洋环境oceans海洋red tide赤潮tides潮，潮汐coastal development沿海开发coastal erosion海岸侵蚀living marine resources海洋生物资源fish culture鱼类养殖marine resources conservation海洋资源保护environmental management环境管理natural resources自然资源net resource depletion资源净损耗renewableresources可再生资源resource conservation资源保护utilization of local resources本地资源的利用development cooperation发展合作ecodevelopment生态发展economic planning经济计划environmental health impact assessment 环境健康影响评价environmental impact环境影响environmental impact assessment环境影响评价financial assistance财政援助environmental management indicators 环境管理指标environmental quality indicators环境质量指标policy planning政策规划self-help programs自助计划sustainable development可持续发展environmental economic issues环境经济问题government environmental expenditures 政府环境开支industrial processes工业生产过程environmental planning环境计划development planning发展计划economic development经济发展environmental policy环境政策land use planning土地利用规划pilot projects实验项目regional planning区域规划social surveys社会调查14.历史文化类accelerate加速，促进breed繁殖，产仔conservation保存,保护comparable (with, to)可比较的，类似的delay推迟，延误extinct绝灭的，熄灭的earthquake地震origin起源，出身primitive原始的，早期的religious宗教的tendency趋向，趋势territory领土tide潮汐；潮流wonder惊奇，奇迹15.人物传记类career生涯，职业oral口述的undergo经历，遭受witness目击者17.生物化学类biology生物学boundary分界线，边界capture俘虏，捕获calendar日历，月历decay腐烂，腐朽derive (from)起源于evolution演变，进化invade侵入，侵略preserve保护，保存，保持religion宗教，宗教信仰racial人种的，种族的trace追踪，痕迹treaty条约，协定vanish消灭，不见candidate候选人optimistic乐观virtue美德，优点biochemistry生物化学hydrogen氢processes生物化学过程physico-chemical processes 物理-化学过程trial审讯，实验oxygen氧particle微粒radioactivity 放射性toxicity毒性。
翻译资格考试catti三级笔译词汇整合
翻译资格考试catti三级笔译词汇整合学习英语贵在坚持，找到适合自己的方法，多运用多温故。
，今天给大家带来了翻译资格考试catti三级笔译词汇,希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
翻译资格考试catti三级笔译词汇人口负增长negative populat ion growth (NPG)人口高峰population peak;baby boom人口过剩overpopulation人口红利demographic dividend (The "demographic dividend" has long been thought an important source of Chinas remarkable economic performance. According to World Bank estimates, Chinas advantageous population age structure brought about by such a dividend has contributed more than 30 percent to the countrys economic growth over the past decades. “人口红利”一直被视为中国经济增长奇迹的重要源泉。
据世界银行估计，人口红利带来的人口年龄结构优势对中国近几十年来经济增长的贡献达到了30%以上。
)人口老龄化an aging population人口密度population density人口普查census人口普查员census taker / census enumerator (China has recruited 6.5 million census takers for the next national population census beginning on November 1.These census takers will mostly be made up of local residents and workers from neighborhood or village committees. 我国已经为11 月1 日开始的下一轮全国人口普查招募了650 万人口普查员。
高口经验谈
高口经验谈高口也就是高级口译，即：上海高级口译。
这是一种在江浙地区非常火爆的考试，高级口译上岗证也在当地非常吃香。
相比于人事部的全国翻译资格水平考试来说的话认可度要稍微地低一点，不过这个考试依旧受到很多的人热捧，并且有逐年升温之势。
我是今年（2011）上半年考的，就是上星期天（03月13日）才考完的。
不知过不过，写点东西，一者作为总结，二者也可以给广大网友作为借鉴。
上海口译考试是一年两考，分笔试口试两部分，但是，只有在通过了笔试后才有机会进行口试的，这和BEC是不一样的。
笔试的通过率相对高很多，但是口试的话，嘿嘿!一整栋楼里面，考完没有几个能够笑着出来的。
高口的口试尤其是，通过者可是凤毛麟角，算得上是精英了吧@@口试过了就会发一本上岗证，这个证书挺诱人吧！可是，别以为有了这本证书就高枕无忧了，其实这个水平离专业的译员还有非常大的距离，口译是必须在实践中总结经验的，单靠考试这点东西是远远不够的。
言归正传，还是说说具体考什么吧！考试分为上下两个半场，上半场为：8:30~10:00下半场为：10:10~11:45考试的时间的确不短，所以建议在带一点东西进去休息时间吃，中间的十分钟好好休息一下。
大家要注意了，考前一天注意实现确认自己的收音机是否能够收到相应频率，我去考试的时候带的收音机就收不到，好在考试前一天就备用了一个，所以才没有发生什么意外状况。
第一题是spotdictation，这是一体需要精神高度集中的题目，平时间多练练就好了，刚开始可能得分不会很理想，但是一定静下心来就好啦，还有相对而言，这一题的听力原文的意思并不是那么重要，最主要的还是记住要填的空。
建议看看《口译笔记实战指导》，一段时间后会有很大的帮助。
对了，做的时候要在自己的原稿上作出改动，不要直接把还没有补充完整的答案填到答题卡里面，因为时间根本就不够。
还有要集中精力听前面几空，我就是因为刚开始听没有集中精力导致这一题做的感觉不是很理想。
高口词汇society类
abortion n. 人工流产, 堕胎abuse of power n. 滥用职权academic society n. 学术社团altruism n.利他主义, 利他[详析] sacrifice of the self for the welfare of others.an aging population n. 人口老龄化asylum n.庇护(一国政府对他国政治难民提供的保护和豁免) benevolent adj. 乐善好施的1. a benevolent fund 施善基金2. a charitable foundation 慈善基金3.eleemosynary relief 施舍性的救济；4.philanthropic contributions 慈善捐献bigamy n. 重婚burglarproof door / antitheft door n. 防盗门casuistry 判断是非(使用伦理学的基本原理判断行为对错或良心是非) chain effect; domino effect n. 连锁反应civic morality n. 社会公德community of nations n. 国际社区, 国际社会court of ethics n. 道德法庭1.arson n.纵火, 纵火罪plaint center n. 投诉中心3.crimes committed by Mafia-like gangs n. 黑恶势力犯罪4.drug rehabilitation center n. 戒毒所5.drug trafficker n. 毒枭6.drug-related crimes n. 毒品犯罪7.embezzlement n. 盗用公款8.frequent property-related crimes n. 多发性侵财犯罪9.juvenile delinquency n. 青少年犯罪10.narcotics squad n. 缉毒队anized crime n. 集团犯罪12.robbery n. 抢劫13.sexual harassment n. 性骚扰14.shoplifting n. 在商店偷窃商品15.smuggling n. 走私16.theft n. 偷窃行为17.violent crimes n. 暴力犯罪demography / larithmics n. 人口学, 人口统计学1.size n. 数量2.growth n. 增长情况3.density n. 密度4.distribution n.分布5.vital statistics n.人口动态统计6.demogram n. 人口统计图7.social demography n. 社会人口学8.economic demography n. 经济人口学DINK (Double Income No Kids) n. 丁克一族discrimination n. 歧视1.age discrimination n.年龄歧视2.discrimination against women n. 歧视妇女3.Feminism n. 男女平等主义；女权运动4.Feminist movement n. 女权运动5.femininity n.妇女特质, 柔弱性, 温柔6.gender / sexual discrimination n. 性别歧视7.job discrimination n. 工作歧视8.male chauvinism n. 男权主义思想9.politically correct (PC) adj. 政治性正确的[详析] a speech code designed to limit free speech, conforming to a beliefthat language and practices which could offend political sensibilities (as inmatters of sex or race) should be eliminated.10. politically incorrect adj. 政治性不正确的11. Masculism adj. 提倡保护男权的[详析]The ideological flip side of feminism. It teaches that sexual equalitylaws serve primarily women and have created significant unconstitutionaldiscrimination against men. That these laws are "anti-male" discriminationlaws have been used to justify the vilification of men and the curtailing ofmen's rights.12. masculinity n.男性, 阳刚之气13. sexism n.男性至上主义, 蔑视女性[详析]discrimination against women in job opportunities, education, military, etc.sexual harassment n. 性骚扰disparity n. 不一致, 不同, 不等drug abuse n. 吸毒egalitarian adj. 主张人人平等的n. 平等主义eliminate terrorism at root消除恐怖主义的根源emotion quotient (EQ)n. 情商favorable location n. 地理优势family n.1.immediate family n.直接家庭成员(双亲和依附的孩子)2.extended family n. 大家庭,扩大的家庭(如数代同堂的家庭)3. family tree n. 族谱, 家谱图4. relative n. 亲属, 亲戚5. foster father n.养父6. legal guardian n. 法定监护人7. step mother n. 继母8. in-law n.姻亲9. ex-husband n. 前夫10. adopted daughter n. 养女11. nephew n.侄子, 外甥12. niece n.侄女, 甥女13.cousin n.堂兄弟姊妹, 表兄弟姊妹14. second cousin n. 第二代堂兄妹,第二代表兄妹gambling n. 赌博gay n. / adj. 同性恋者（的）1. bisexual adj.双性恋的n. 双性恋者2. dike (dyke) (蔑) n. 搞同性恋的女人3. drag v./ n. (男穿)女装, (女穿)男装4. drag queen n. 好在公共场合装扮成女性的男性5. effeminate adj.柔弱的, 女人气的, 娇气的6. faggot (贬)n. 男性同性恋7. gay community n. 同性恋社团8. gander n. 同性恋雷达(辨认是否为‘同志’)9. heterosexual adj. 异性恋的n.异性恋的人10. homophobia n. 对同性恋的憎恶（或恐惧）11. homosexual adj.同性恋的n.同性恋者12. homosexual marriage n. 同性婚姻13. Kinsey six n. 金赛六级（彻头彻尾的同性恋者）[详析]a person who is completely homosexual, as opposed to one with somebisexual inclinations. sex researcher Alfred Kinsey developed a scale from 0 to 6 toindicate a subject's sexual orientation. a person with no homosexual feelings wasranked a zero. someone exclusively homosexual was a 6.14. lesbian n. 女性同性恋者15. lez n. [贬]女同性恋者16. out of the closet n. 公开自己的同性取向17. queer n.同性恋者18. sexual orientation n. 性取向19. transgendered (TG) adj. 变性的20. transsexual adj. 有异性转化欲的n. 变性者21. transvestite n. 异性模仿欲, 易装癖者grant-in-aid n. 补助金, 赠款geographic location n. 地理位置geographic advantage n. 地理优势gray income n. 灰色收入hardened professional (criminal) n. 惯犯have an affair / an ultra-marriage affair n. 婚外恋hedonism n. 享乐主义home for the aged / seniors' home n. 敬老院illiteracy n. 文盲income disparity n. 收入分化；贫富分化infant mortality n. 婴儿死亡率IPR (intellectual property right) n. 知识产权1.piracy [ ] n. 非法翻印,盗版2.bootleg n./ v. 盗版3.copyright law n. 版权法4.copyright licensing business n. 版权贸易5.copyright reserved; copyrighted adj. 版权所有6.royalty n. 版税7.author's royalty n. 著者版税, 作者稿酬8.copyright royalty n. 版税, 版权费9.fight against illegal publications v. “打非”10.underground publications n. 地下出版物11.anti-fake label n. 防伪标志law of the jungle n. 弱肉强食法则lawsuit n.诉讼wyer n.律师2.attorney n. <美>律师3.prosecutor n. 公诉人4.case of public prosecution n. 公诉案件5.win a lawsuit v. 胜诉6.appeal to a higher court v. 上诉7.charge v./n. 控告8.drop a lawsuit v. 撤消控告9.court of appeals n. 上诉法庭10.barrister n.(在英国有资格出席高等法庭并辩护的)律师, 法律顾问11.solicitor n.（多用于英国）初级律师，只能在低级法庭出庭的律师12.bar association n.律师协会13.suspect n.犯罪嫌疑人14.defendant n. 被告15.plaintiff n. 起诉人, 原告16.capital punishment n. 死刑17.guilty adj. 有罪18.verdict n.[律](陪审团的) 裁决, 判决书19.serve one’s term in prison v. 服刑20.bail v./ n. 保释21.fine v./n. 罚款22.jury n. 陪审团23.life sentence n 判处无期徒刑24.notary / notarization n. 公证人/ 公证make public; expose v. 曝光Malthusian Theory of Population n. 马尔萨斯人口论material / spiritual culture n. 物质/ 精神文化Metro sexual n.（支持同性恋运动，追随同性恋时尚的而自身并非同性恋的）都市型男[详析]A term to describe a straight man who embraces the gay and lesbian movements. Generally a heterosexual urban male, who is vain, self-indulgent and grooms himself in clothing recommended by homosexuals. A kind of narcissistic, insecure masculinity shaped by film, advertising, and fashionable expensive clothes.minimum wage n. 最低工资money worship n. 拜金主义morality n. 道德Pandora's box 潘多拉魔盒pluralism n. 多元文化论[详析] the view that the world contains many kinds of existent, which in their uniqueness cannot be reduced to just one or two.polarization of rich and poor n.贫富悬殊popularity rate n. 普及率poverty alleviation n. 扶贫Poverty Relief Office n. 扶贫办公室pro-choice adj. 主张人工流产为合法的proposals n. 提议, 建议racism n. 种族主义1.acculturation n. 文化适应2.assimilation n.同化, 同化作用3.antiracism education n. 反种族主义教育4.colonialism n.殖民主义5.ethnic cleansing n. 种族清理(种族灭绝)6.ethnic group n.同种同文化之民族7.ethnocentrism n.民族优越感8.race n. 人种9.stereotype n. 成见10.genocide n.有计划的灭种和屠杀11.Anti-Semite adj./ n.反犹份子(的)12.racial discrimination n. 种族歧视13.bias n. 偏见reinstatement n.复原, 复职sabotage n. 阴谋破坏, 怠工, 破坏vi. / vt。
高级口译：一场旷日持久的战争
所以，高级口译不是短期内练成的，一年的时间只是个备考时间，前期大量的知识积累必不可少，比我早半年过高口的武文亮学长，总是谦称自己运气好，弄得我也真有点相信，但后来聊天时，其言谈间透出的知识容量，让我脊柱发麻，实在可怕。
在我决定向高口进军时，网络上对其恐怖程度的描述让我看了很没自信，在开始啃那些资料时，根本没想过成功通过这回事，但其间的转机，真的不是运气。
外刊内容很深刻，也很难懂，一遍下来不知所云，毕竟缺少感觉，词汇量也不够，更要命的是，人家在文章里的话题是写给本国人看的，很多具有文化特征的调侃和引用我看着根本没感觉，直到上网搜才多少有所启发（所以说平时多看很重要），做题的时候，选择题基本能应付（毕竟一直以来阅读题都是这样的），但正确率不高（看不懂啊），而S2里要把答案写成句子就要命了，弄得我直接不敢做了，先对着答案学习学习再说吧。阅读里的生词我也是整理下来的，用复制粘贴键还是很方便的，这比听力的生词更重要。
再说说说我的起点水平：
词汇已经远低于六级要求，N长时间没看过英文报纸，听力更是久不打理长满了杂草。唯一的优势在于，我的英式发音渐渐趋于成熟，而且多年嗜好欧美电影，也储备了一些零散的背景知识。
鉴于基本功严重匮乏，就从基本功练起吧。
我的计划是这样的：立即开始恶补单词，同时把听力水平能提多高提多高。因为这二者都是要花时间的。我没有时间。我还要学习诊断学、医学影像学（本学期的两大临床桥梁学科），还有一堆杂七杂八的学科事务，我们的生活节律本来就是每天上课后泡在自习室，没有专门的休闲时光，只有珍贵的自习室。怎么办？只能硬从专业里拿出时间了，至于后果，我顾不了那么多。每天早晨课前大约有半个多小时，可以练听力，走在去教室的路上也可以，晚上九点以后开始背单词，其间穿插着做《高级听力教程》的练习，检验听力的效果。
高口翻译-对源语的理解
高口翻译
• ② If the economy as a whole or the segment of economy which is the focus of the expenditure is operating at capacity or close to capacity，then the expenditure’s major effects will tend to be inflationary growth，and will not generate much employment of capital and labor. • 如果整个经济或接受主要投资的经济部分充分或 接近充分发还效能，那么政府投资的增长效力不 会很大，所以资本和劳动力也不会得到充分利 用．
高口翻译
• 中国的富强和发展不会对任何国家构成威 胁。 • Version 1 • The strength, prosperity and development of China will pose no threat to any countries. • Version 2 • A strong, prosperous and developed China will pose no threat to any countries.
高口翻译
• 对英语的理解
• 语篇走向 • Someone once remarked that the British and the Americans are two peoples separated by the same language. Most epigrams警句,隽语 exaggerate for effect, and this is no exception. But it is, nevertheless, undeniably true that some commonly used words mean different things in these two cultures. Consider the seemingly single term— “the government”.
口,笔译各类词汇
1． I wasn't born yesterday.（我又不是三岁小孩)2． How do I address you?（我怎么称呼你)3． She turns me off.（她使我厌烦。
）4． So far so good.（目前为止，一切都好。
）5． Be my guest.（请便、别客气）6． That was a close call.（太危险了/千钧一发）7． Far from it.（一点也不。
）8． It's a pain in the neck[麻烦的事（人）].（那真是件麻烦事）9． We're in the same boat.（我们处境相同。
）10． My mouth is watering.（我在流口水了。
）11． I ache all over.（我浑身酸痛。
）12． I have a runny nose.（我流鼻涕。
）13． Do you have any openings?（你们有空缺吗？）14． Think nothing of it.（别放在心上。
）15． I'm not myself today.（我今天心神不宁。
）16． I have a sweet tooth.（我喜欢吃甜食。
）17． For the time being.（暂时；暂且；目前）18． Don't beat around the bush. （别拐弯抹角了。
）19． It's up in the air[悬而未决].（尚未确定。
）20． It slipped my mind.（我忘了。
）21． You can't please[使人感到满意和愉快] everyone.（你不可能讨好每一个人。
）22． I'm working on[着手；从事] it.（我正在努力。
）23． You bet!（当然！）24． Drop me a line[短信].（写封信给我）25． Are you pulling my leg[同某人开玩笑；取笑]?（你在开我玩笑吗？）26． I'll keep my ears open.（我会留意的。
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Day One一次性消费品 disposable product遍地都是 ubiquitous来自海外 come from overseas/abroad不可思议 incredible/inconceivable失控 beyond/out of control疯狂蔓延 spread in a maddening way/manner郑重（地）seriously, in all seriousness下发通知 issue a circular/decree/notice超薄低质 super-thin and low-quality不堪重负 unbearable burden缓解 ease, relieve警觉 alertness, vigilance置身事外 keep out of the affair, detach oneself from责无旁贷be one’s unshirkable responsibility诸多不便 considerable inconvenience碧水蓝天 blue water and the blue sky习以为常be accustomed to, take … for granted冲击 impact惰性 inertiaDay Two和平崛起 peaceful rise, peaceful ascent人均资源占有量 per capita hold of resources能源消耗 energy consumption生态环境 ecological environment回收率低 low reclamation可持续发展 sustainable development瓶颈 bottleneck应对之策 policy in response to, response科技含量高、经济效益好 high technology content and high economical returns新兴大国 emerging big/great power冷战思维 Cold War mentality不合时宜 out-of-date, obsolete, anachronistic社会治理模式 public governance model活力与失范并存 coexistence of vitality and disorder效率与失衡同在 coexistence of efficiency and imbalance着眼于 focus one’s effort/attention on构建 frame, construct执政能力 governance capability归结起来 in short, in a word, sum up, summarize着眼点 the key point奋发图强 go all out to make the country strong, work hard for the prosperity of the country共赢 win-win尽其所能 try one’s utmostDay Three创新 innovation知识经济 know-based economy嬗变 evolve, evolution与日俱增 increase day by day重组 reorganization, restructuring至关重要 of paramount importance振兴 rejuvenate, invigorate, vitalize必由之路 the only road to/toward可持续发展 sustainable development应用型 applied转制 transform the system举措 move, measure现代企业制度 modern enterprise system扶持 support, foster风险资本机制 venture capital mechanism平台 platformDay Four竞争优势 competitive edge一日千里 develop by leaps and bounds人生成败 success and/or failure in life地域界限 geographical boundary弹指之间 at one’s fingertips商业景观 business landscape无穷商机 numerous/abundant business opportunities 珠江三角洲 the Pearl River Delta包罗万象 cover a broad/wide spectrum物流 logistic(s)零售 retail, merchandising外包 outsourcing整合 integration屈指可数 among the few (leaders)资讯管理 information management最充分发挥 maximize, give full play to创意行业 creative industry动漫 cartoon and animation平面设计 graphic design集装箱港 container port阵营 camp, bloc殊死搏斗 life-and-death struggle誓死周旋 pledge to fight to the death不畏强暴 dare to fight against brute force, defy brute force黑暗势力 forces of darkness, reactionary forces英雄气概 heroic spirit持久战 protracted war/warfare游击战 guerrilla war/warfare法宝 a magic weapon沦陷 (after) the fall of, fall into the hands of the enemy正规战 regular war/warfare敌后 enemy’s rear area, behind the enemy lines疲于奔命 be kept constantly on the run战略部署 strategic deployment深陷 be bogged down deep in全力以赴 go all out, spare no effort, throw in one’s whole might集中大量陆军 amass army/ground troops, concentrate massive army forces动用 put to use, employ区区 only, trivial, trifling不堪设想 hard to imagine, unimaginable, beyond imaginationDay Six在曲折中 amid twists and turns突飞猛进 develop by leaps and bounds, make giant strides层出不穷 emerge one after another, crop up without let-up共同使命 common/shared mission时代潮流 the trend of the times和平共处 peaceful coexistence战略机遇期 period of strategic opportunities小康社会 a well-off society, a moderately prosperous society宏伟目标 grand goal修睦 build good-neighborly relation (with)协和万邦 live in harmony with all other nations崇尚亲仁善邻 advocate cordiality, benevolence, and good-neighborliness和而不同 be harmonious/harmony without uniformity取之不尽 inexhaustible智慧源泉 source of wisdom己所不欲勿施于人 Do not do unto others what you would not have them do unto you./What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others.黄金法则 the Golden Rule镌刻 engrave顺应时代潮流 go with/conform to the trend of the times东方明珠广播电视塔 the Oriental Pearl Radio and Television Tower外滩 the Bund脍炙人口 enjoy great popularity, popular灵感 inspiration球（体） sphere托起、支撑 prop (up)诗情画意 poetic and artistic imagination立柱 column（塔）座 base, pedestal太空舱 capsule, space module, spherical penthouse观光廊（层） observation corridor (deck/floor)娱乐设施 recreational facilities鸟瞰 get/have a bird’s-eye view回廊 winding corridor当风和日丽时 on a day of gentle breeze and bright sun旋转餐厅 revolving restaurant发射 transmit天线 antenna景点 scenic spot, tourist spot地标 landmarkDay Eight浦东新区 the Pudong New Area市区 city proper, city center, urban district, downtown area长江三角洲 the Yangtze/Changjiang River Delta常住人口 resident population阡陌纵横 crisscross fields everywhere基础设施 infrastructure意向 intent经济特区 special economic zone(SEZ)优惠政策 preferential policy, favorable policy税收优惠 tax incentive, tax credit前沿 forefront举世瞩目 attract worldwide attention, become the focus of world attention 基本建设 capital construction出口加工 export processing保税区 bonded zone生物制药 biopharmaceutics微电子 microelectronics信息技术 information technology(IT)高科技园区 high-tech park第三产业 the tertiary industry, service industry(sector)（第一产业 the primary industry）（第二产业 the secondary industry）世界博览会 World Exposition, World Expo会场 venue赞誉 praise, acclaimDay Nine马可波罗 Macro Polo风景如画的 picturesque西湖 the West Lake宋代 the Song Dynasty苏东坡 Su Dongpo淡妆浓抹 light or heavy make-up苏堤 Su (Dongpo) Causeway白堤 Bay (Juyi) Causeway阮公墩 Ruangong Isle湖心亭 Mid-lake Pavilion小瀛洲 Lesser Yingzhou亭阁 pavilion风韵 charm, beauty, graceful bearing古都 ancient capital文人墨客 men of letters, writers and poets题咏 poems and inscriptions织锦 brocade黑纸扇 black paper fan檀木扇 sandalwood fan绸伞 silk parasol龙井 Dragon Well tea, Longjing teaDay Ten交易会 (commodities/trade) fair中国国际地毯交易会 China International Carpet Fair中国食品土畜进出口商会China Chamber of Commerce of Import and Export of Foodstuffs, Native Produce & Animal By-Products (CFNA)东方气息 oriental flavor洽谈 business talks, trade talks采购商 procurer, purchasing agent耳目一新 find everything new and fresh, be impressed国际流行色调 colors in vogue around the world, internationally prevalent colors, fashionable colors in the world规格齐全in complete specifications, complete in specifications, of all specifications制作工艺 technology (in carpet making), craftsmanship, workmanship蕴含的无穷魅力 boundless inherent charm花色 design and color突破 breakthrough订货 order goods, place an order地毯图案 carpet pattern风格各异 differing styles色彩斑斓 rich colors手工织毯 weave a carpet by hand, hand-woven carpet现场表演 on-the-spot demonstration长足的进步 considerable growth, (make) great strides融会 blend, merge, combine东西方文化的精粹 the picks of Oriental and Occidental cultures 雅俗共赏 appeal to both refined and popular tastes生意兴隆 brisk business, Business is brisk.Day Eleven深刻演变 profound change(s)日益增多 growing, mounting, increasing合作前景 prospect for cooperation损人利己 benefit oneself at the expense of others以邻为壑 shift one’s troubles to others蓝图 blueprint轨道 track从战略高度和长远角度出发 take a long-term, strategic vision重大、紧迫议题 major and pressing issues求同存异 seek common grounds and shelve differences合作共赢 cooperation for win-win results准则 norms核心关切 core interests/concerns主权 sovereignty突出 highlight利益交融 converging interests优先重点 top priority初见成效 bear/produce preliminary result回暖迹象 signs of economic recovery金融调控 financial regulation货币信贷 money and creditDay Twelve联合声明 joint statement相互依存 interdependent广泛的合作基础 a broad basis of cooperation协调 coordination应对挑战 meet challenge培育 nurture, foster, cultivate至关重要 of utmost importance, essential始终不渝 unswerving, steadfast奉行 pursue, follow致力于 be committed to主权 sovereignty领土完整 territorial integrity重申 reiterate, reaffirm信守承诺 honor one’s commitments渠道 channelDay Thirteen鸦片战争 the Opium War国际地位 international status边缘走向中心 from the margin to the center时代潮流 the trend of the times高举……的旗帜 hold high the banner of …始终不渝 unswervingly, consistently, steadfastly, unflinchingly奉行 follow, in pursuit of制定……战略 formulate/make strategy主导 prevail over, dominate不足和缺陷 shortcomings and flaws引进外资 bring in foreign capital/funds展望 look ahead, look forward走出去 reach out传播 spread, disseminate现成的模式 existing/ready model开拓精神 pioneering/trail-blazing spirit创新精神 creative/innovative spirit简言之 in shortDay Fourteen仁政 policy of benevolence, benevolent governance和而不同 harmonious yet different, being harmonious while remaining different 治国者 leader, ruler, administrator治国 administer/run a country, manage state affairs平天下 bring peace to the world王道 benevolent governance/administration霸道 rule by force, high-handed rule文化霸权主义 cultural hegemony君子和而不同 Gentlemen are in harmony with each other in spite of differences between them.小人同而不和 Base persons are in disharmony with each other in spite of uniformity among them.学问 learning, knowledge纷争 dispute万物并育而不相害 All things on earth grow together without doing harm to one another.道并行而不相悖 All doctrines in the world develop in parallel with each other without one standing in the way of another.有识之士 a person with broad vision, a man of insight共识 consensus认同 identification消灭 eliminate, elimination同化 assimilate, assimilation和为贵 Harmony is most precious/valuable.Day Fifteen合资经营企业 equity joint venture (EJV)法律法规 laws and regulations协商 consultation审批机关 examination and approval authority手续 formalities, procedures董事会 board of directors, board任期 term of office, term法定代表人 legal representative履行职责 perform one’s duties委托书 power of attorney经营管理机构 business management organization提名 nominate, name解聘 dismiss, dismissal升级 promote, promotion降职 demote, demotion营私舞弊 practice graft, commit an act of graft失职 dereliction of duty外汇管理 foreign exchange control管理办法 administrative measures会计年度 accounting year, fiscal year日历年 calendar year本位币 standard currency收支 revenue and expenditure折算 convert, conversion中间价 middle price违约 breach of contract陈述 representation保证 warranty合同法 contract lawDay Sixteen艺术学院 art college素描 sketching油画 oil painting中国画 traditional Chinese painting版画 engraving工笔 gongbi采风 trips to the rural areas, learn local practices and customs, collect folk songs 青山绿水 green hills and rivers/waters嗟叹 be impressed, be filled with admiration遐想 be lost in wild and fanciful thoughts, be fascinated by吴越 Jiangsu and Zhejiang水乡风情画 paintings of scenes in regions of rivers and lakes情境 artistic conception, circumstances, situation虚幻的 imaginary, unreal, illusionary岁月沧桑 changes/vicissitudes of life over the years, traces of the passage of time 尘世喧嚣 hustle and bustle of this world勾线 draw the outline, contour转圈圈 be too absorbed, be too much preoccupied with艺术修养 artistic accomplishment章法 techniques, rules in doing things, methodicalness自在空间 free room古训 ancient teaching艺术人格 artistic integrity。