过去完成时态
高三英语过去完成时态
少美，而是缺少发现。 读了这段话，你有什么想法呢？请以“美的发现”为话题写一篇文章。可以记见闻、经历，谈体验、感受，发表议论，抒发感情等。自选角度，自定立意，自拟题目，自选文体，不少于800字。 [写作提示]这个题目写起来不难，写好却不容易。可以说理，
什么是美，为什么缺少发现，怎样发现美；可以记叙，在司空见惯的生活琐事中感悟美的震撼，在世俗眼光以为丑的事物中发掘美的元素；可以叙述、议论、抒情多种表达方式相结合，历数古今中外被忽视、被误解的美。 落笔之前，宜从自我生活经验联想开去，由此及彼，由表及
传说玄奘刚剃度的时候，在名满天下、高僧群集的法门寺修行。有人劝玄奘说不如到一些偏僻小寺中研读经卷，这样，自己的才华才会很快显露出来。玄奘告辞时，方丈带着他到后山给他看了两种林木：一种生活在开阔的土地上，却长得乱枝纵横，又短又扭曲，只能用来做柴薪；一种生
活在郁郁葱葱的林中，每一棵却都修长、挺直、高大。玄奘看后，幡然醒悟，决定留在法门寺，后来终于成为一代高僧。 请以“生存与竞争”为话题，写一篇800字左右的文章。题目自拟，立意自定，文体自选。 [写作提示]树木稀疏的林子里，生长出的树木只能
也需要一定的“分析问题”作为“解决问题”的前提和条件。“以一位高中学生的身份”是作文时需要注意的重要信息。 ? 作文题三十一 ? 阅读下面的材料，根据要求作文。 “我有一个梦”是上世纪评出的全世界最有名的十句名言的第一句，它是马丁·路德·金在演讲中提到的，
他的演讲现在也成为世界有名的演讲之一。 “我有一个梦”为什么成为世界名言？ 200年前的康德有一句话：人的本性就在于知其不可为而为之。如果没有这个本性，人与动物就没有什么区分了。人的创造性就在于，通过自己的不懈追求去实现那些原先被认为不可能甚至于不
可思议的事情。这是非常深刻的见解。 仔细阅读上述材料，以“我有一个梦”为话题，写一篇不少于800字的文章，题目自拟。 [写作提示]材料中包含两个主要信息：“我有一个梦”是世界名言；康德的话以及对康德话的阐述。这里，后者是对前者的诠释。由此可以看出，材
初中过去完成时态讲解带练习
初中过去完成时态讲解带练习过去完成时态是用来表示过去某一时间或动作前发生的完成的动作，通常由had + 过去分词构成。
例如：- I had finished my homework before I went to bed.- They had already left when we arrived.在使用过去完成时态时需要注意以下几点：1. 表示两个过去的动作，其中一个动作发生在另一个之前，这时要用过去完成时态。
例如：- He had worked there for 2 years before he was promoted.- She had already eaten before I came to her house.2. 句子中需要明确表示一个动作发生在另一个动作之前，可以使用过去完成时态。
例如：- When I got home, my mother had already cooked dinner.- By the time we arrived at the cinema, the movie had already started.3. 注意过去完成时态的时间范围，它仅限于过去发生的动作，而不包括现在的动作。
例如：- I have been to Japan before. (不可用过去完成时态)以下是一些练，请用过去完成时态填空：1. By the time I ______ (arrive) at the party, everyone had left.2. She _______ (not finish) her work, so she had to stay late.3. When he __________ (arrive) at the station, the train had already left.4. They _________ (cook) dinner before their guests arrived.5. We _______ (already watch) that movie before.答案：1. arrived2. had not finished3. arrived4. had cooked5. had already watched。
过去完成时态
过去完成时态一、过去完成时态构成：过去完成时由助动词had（通用于各种人称和数）+过去分词构成。
二、过去完成时的用法：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。
它表示动作发生在过去的过去。
与by、before等构成的短语连用。
三、过去完成时的句式1．陈述句（Statements ）They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.在他们到达旅馆之前，他们已经吃早饭了。
从句中arrived at到达在过去的时间，而had already had吃早饭的动作发生在到达之前，因此主句的时态为过去的过去。
I had finished writing my composition by 10:00 this morning. 今天上午10：00点以前，我已经写完了我的作文。
She had searched the internet for two hours when she found an ad for the Canon digital camera. 当她找到了佳能数码照相机的广告时，她已经在因特网上查询了两个小时。
I went over what I had written again and again so that I wouldn't make any mistakes. 我一遍又一遍地检查了我所写的内容，以至我没有出现任何错误。
2．否定句（Negative）He remembered he hadn't paid for it yet.He said that he had never seen such a beautiful bird before.他说他以前从来没有看过这样美丽的鸟。
3．疑问句（Questions）How many English flushed had you seen by the end of last term?到上学期期末为止，你们看了多少部英文片？Had you reached the station before ten o'clock?到十点以前，你们已经到达火车站了吗？四、过去完成时的构成过去完成时由助动词had (通用于各种人称和数)＋过去分词构成。
过去完成时态
过去完成时态1.过去完成时态表示的含义：表示一个动作在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成（既一个动作发生在过去的过去）。
2.过去完成时态构成形式：had+过去分词3.过去完成时态的使用范围：✧出现在主从复合句中，常与that引导的宾语从句连用.例如：He said that he had never seen such a beautiful place before.(先看见过,再说)Lucy told me that she had been to Beijing twice.(先去过,再告诉我)✧出现在主从复合句中，常于when \ before \ after\as soon as 引导的时间状语从句连用.注意:主句和从句应各自拥有主\谓\宾的结构.例如: You had cleaned the classroom when I got here.My mother had cooked supper before I went home.Mr Liu had taught in the school for 38 years before I came here.I went to bed after I had finished my homework.注意: 在以上两种主从复合句中,经常存在两个动作,先发生的用过去完成时态,后发生的用一般过去时态.✧出现在简单句中, 常于by(表示在…之前\ 到…的时候) \ before 构成的时间状语连用.by, before +过去的时间点；例如: I had finished my homework by 11 last night.I had reached school before 7 o’clock this morning.✧出现在简单句中, 常于by the end of (到…末为止)引导的时间状语连用.例如:By the end of the match, we had scored 3 goals.We had learned 1000 English words by the end of last term.(到上学期末为止,既单词是在上学期末之前学的)✧与by the time (表示在…之前\ 到…的时候) 构成的短语连用,例如:By the time we got there, the bus had already gone.(当我们到那的时候, 车已经开走了).By the time they called, I had left.✧与as (表示象\ 按照) 引导的从句连用.例如;We did as he had told us.(我们按照他告诉我们的去做)4.过去完成时态的各种句式:否定句: had + not +过去分词或hadn’t +过去分词一般疑问句: 把had 提到句首.特殊疑问句: 疑问词+ 一般疑问句语序I had finished my homework by 11 last night. He had learned 1000 words by the end of last term.I hadn’t finished my homework by 11 last night. He hadn’t learned 1000 words by the end of last term.Had you finished your homework by 11 last night? Had he learned 1000 words by the end of last term?Yes, I had. No, I hadn’t. Yes, he had. No , he hadn’t.I had learned 4 songs by the end of last term. How many songs had you learned by the end of last term?5.过去完成时态应注意的几个问题:●在主从复合句中,如有after, before 引导的时间状语从句,由于从句的动作和主句的动作发生的顺序已经非常明显,有时可用一般过去时态代替过去完成时态.例如: He called me after he had come back..=== He called me after he came back.●对于一连串的过去动作,相互之间衔接十分紧密, 可以全部使用一般过去时态,不用过去完成时态.例如:He got up at six yesterday, washed, brushed his teeth, went downstairs and then did morning exercises.1)Peter told us that he＿＿＿＿（finish）the work already.2)They＿＿＿＿＿(wait) for two hours when he＿＿＿＿＿(come).3)When we got to the station, the train＿＿＿＿＿(leave) already.4)She made a lot of friends after she＿＿＿＿＿(study) in this school for three months.5)He said that he＿＿＿＿＿＿(not go)on the trip with us because he ＿＿＿＿＿(be) there twice.6)We＿＿＿＿＿＿(learn) more than 700 words by the end of last year.7)Ted went to the class again to get the book he ＿＿＿＿＿(leave) there.8)By the end of last week we＿＿＿＿＿(plant) 400 trees in our school.9)He said that Mary ＿＿＿＿＿(go) to London next month.。
过去完成时态
过去完成时态过去完成时态是英语中表示过去某个时间或事件之前已经完成的动作或状态的时态。
本文将详细介绍过去完成时态的构成、用法、时间标志词以及常见错误使用。
一、过去完成时态的构成过去完成时态的构成是由“had”（过去式的have）+ 动词的过去分词构成。
例如：He had eaten dinner before he watched the movie.（他在看电影之前已经吃过晚饭了。
）I had finished my homework when she called.（她打电话时，我已经做完作业了。
）二、过去完成时态的用法1. 表示在过去某个时间或事件之前已经完成的动作或状态。
I had already visited Japan before I went to Korea.（在去韩国之前，我已经去过日本了。
）They had finished their work before the boss arrived.（老板到达之前，他们已经完成了工作。
）2. 用于过去完成时态的从句中，可以表示过去某个时间或事件之前已经完成的动作或状态。
She realized that she had forgotten her keys after she arrived home.（她到家后才意识到自己忘带了钥匙。
）He knew that he had made a mistake as soon as he submitted the report.（他一提交报告就知道自己犯了个错误。
）3. 过去完成时态还可与其他过去时态进行比较，强调过去完成的先后关系。
She told me that she had already seen the movie before it was released.（她告诉我她在电影上映之前已经看过了。
）三、过去完成时态常用的时间标志词过去完成时态常用的时间标志词有：already（已经）、just（刚刚）、before（在...之前）、by the time（到...之前）、once（一旦）、never（从不）、until（直到）等。
高中英语时态语态专题-----过去完成时讲解和练习
过去完成时一、概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即"过去的过去（ past-in-the-past ）"。
----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|---------------------------->那时以前那时现在二、基本结构：have/has + doneThey had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.She had finished writing the composition by 10 ：00 this morning.三、时间状语：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.四、过去完成时的判断依据1. 由时间状语来判定一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。
与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：（ 1 ）by + 过去的时间点。
如：I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.（ 2 ）by the end of + 过去的时间点。
如：We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.（ 3 ）before + 过去的时间点。
如：They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.2. 由"过去的过去"来判定。
过去完成时表示"过去的过去"，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。
动词时态-过去完成时态
过去完成时态也可以用来描述在过去的某个时间点之前已经存在的状态。例如，“He had been working in the company for five years before he left.”（他离开之前，已经在公 司工作了五年。）
表示过去的某个动作之前已经开始的动作
特点
过去完成时态由助动词“had”+ 过去分词构成，表示动作发生在 过去的另一个过去的时间点之前 。
过去完成时态的用法
表示过去的某个动作之前已经完成的动作
当你想表达在过去的某个时间点之前已经完成了某个动作，可以使用过去完成时态。例如， “I had written the letter before she came.”（在她来之前，我已经写完了信。）
VS
语境适用性不同
过去完成时态常用于描述过去的某个事件 之前的情况，强调动作的先后顺序和完成 状态，而过去简单时态则更常用于描述某 个具体的过去时间点发生的动作，不涉及 动作的先后顺序或完成状态。
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总结词：掌握基础
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过去完成时态的构成
基本构成
基本结构
助动词had + 过去分词
表达含义
表示某个动作在过去某个时间之前已经完成
肯定句构成
举例
I had finished my homework before going to bed.（睡觉之前我已经完成了作 业。）
构成
主语 + had + 过去分词 + 时间状语
过去完成时态讲解及练习
过去完成时态讲解及练习过去完成时态是英语中用于表示在过去某一动作或事件发生之前已经完成的动作或事件。
它通常由两个部分构成：过去助动词“had”和过去分词形式的动词。
以下是对过去完成时态的讲解及练示例。
一、过去完成时态的构成过去完成时态的构成由以下几个要素组成：1. 过去助动词“had”；2. 过去分词形式的动词。
二、过去完成时态的用法1. 表示在过去某一动作或事件发生之前已经完成的动作或事件。
示例：By the time we arrived, they had already eaten dinner.（我们到达的时候，他们已经吃过晚饭了。
）2. 表示在过去某个特定时间之前已经完成的动作或事件。
示例：She had finished her homework by 8 o'clock last night.（昨晚8点以前，她已经做完了作业。
）三、过去完成时态的注意事项1. 过去完成时态通常与表示过去的时间状语连用，例如“by the time”，“before”，“after”，“when”，“until”等。
示例：By the time they woke up, the sun had already risen.（他们醒来时，太阳已经升起。
）2. 注意句子的时态一致性，主句使用过去时态时，从句可使用过去完成时态。
示例：He said that he had already been to Japan twice.（他说他已经去过日本两次。
）四、过去完成时态的练以下是一些练题，帮助巩固对过去完成时态的理解：1. 他们已经完成了工作吗？2. 昨天晚上我在睡觉前已经刷牙了。
3. 他们在我到达之前已经离开了。
4. 你曾经去过那个城市吗？5. 吉姆离开前已经呆了一个小时了。
请根据上述规则和示例完成练题，加深对过去完成时态的掌握。
以上是关于过去完成时态的讲解及练习。
希望通过本文档的阅读和练习，您能更好地理解和掌握过去完成时态的用法和构成。
过去完成时态
正确答案为D。guests先"离开", Tom后"到达"。
二、主语+过去完成时+by短语。例如: We _____ four thousand new words by the end of last year. A. had learned B. have learned C. learned D. will have learned 根据by短语中的last year得知, 正确 选项为A。
过去完成时常用句型： 一、主语+过去完成时+when引导的从句(从
句谓语动词为过去式)。例如: Tom was surprised that most of the gues ts _____ when he ______ at the party. A. left; had arrived B. left; arrived C. had left; had arrived D. had left; arrived
过去完成时态 1）过去完成时态的构成：
肯定式：had + 动词的过去分词 否定式：hadn’t + 动词的过去分词 疑问式：Had …+ 动词的过去分词 简略回答: Yes, 主 + had.
No, 主 + hadn’t. 缩写形式：I’d, he’d,、表示过去未曾实现的愿望、打算或意图, 用过去完成时。常用动词有: hope, think, expect, intend, mean, suppose, want等。例如: They had wanted to help but couldn’t g et here in time. 他们本来是要来帮忙的, 但未能及时赶 到。
过去完成时态
practice
• John and I____ friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we_____ each other a couple of times before that. A. had been; have met B. have been; have met C. had been; had met D. have been; had met
The Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时态
1
2
(1) 过去完成时的句型结构
had + V-ed 动词的过去分词
• 1.肯定句： 主语+had+动词的过去分词+其他
• 2.否定句： 主语+had + not + 动词的过去分词+其他
• 3.一般疑问句： Had + 主语 + 动词的过去分词 + 其他
She said that she had seen the film before. 她说她之前看过这部电影。
I thought I had sent the letter a week before. 我认为我一星期前就把信寄出去了。
2）、状语从句中，如时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中， 主、从句的动作发生有先后关系。如果叙述的是过去的事，动 作在前的，要用过去完成时；动作在后的，要用一般过去时。 时间状语可用when，before，after，as soon as, until等。
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 我们希望你能来，可是你没有。
过去完成时态的结构与用法
过去完成时态的结构与用法什么是过去完成时态过去完成时态（Past Perfect Tense）是英语中的一个时态，用于描述在过去某一时间之前已经发生的动作或情况。
在叙述过去的事件时，我们可以使用过去完成时态来表达一种“过去的过去”。
过去完成时态的结构过去完成时态的结构由以下部分组成： - had + 过去分词例如： - She had finished her homework before he arrived.在这个例句中，“had finished”是过去完成时态的形式，表示在过去某个时间点之前，她已经完成了作业。
过去完成时态与过去时态经常一起使用，通常过去完成时态的动作发生在过去时态中叙述的另一个过去事件之前。
过去完成时态的用法过去完成时态的主要用途有以下几种：1.表示在过去某个特定时间点之前已经发生或完成的动作。
例如：–I had already eaten breakfast by the time he woke up.在这个例句中，“had already eaten”表示在他醒来之前，我已经吃过早饭了。
2.表示发生在过去另一个动作之前的动作。
例如：–They had finished dinner when the guests arrived.在这个例句中，“had finished”表示在客人到达之前，他们已经吃完晚饭了。
3.表示遗憾的动作或未实现的愿望。
例如：–She wished she hadn’t eaten so much.在这个例句中，“hadn’t eaten”表达了对过去吃得太多的遗憾。
4.在间接引语中用于描述过去的陈述或建议。
例如：–He said that he had already seen the movie.在这个例句中，“had already seen”是间接引语中的过去完成时态，表示他在说话时已经看过电影了。
过去完成时态的标志词有些词语和短语可以作为线索，表明需要使用过去完成时态。
过去完成时态
过去完成时态过去完成时态指的是在过去的某个时间点或动作之前已经完成的动作或状态。
在英语中，过去完成时态通常由"had + 过去分词"的形式构成。
接下来，我们将通过一些例句和用法解释来详细说明过去完成时态。
1. 用于两个过去的动作，表示先发生的动作：- I had already finished my homework before she came home.(她回家之前，我已经完成作业了。
)- They had left the office when the boss arrived.(老板到达的时候，他们已经离开办公室了。
)2. 用于描述过去某个时间之前已经发生的动作：- By the time I woke up, my mom had already prepared breakfast.(我醒来时，我妈妈已经准备好早饭了。
)- The plane had taken off before we reached the airport.(我们到达机场之前，飞机已经起飞了。
)3. 用于句子前半部分的虚拟条件句：- If I had known she was sick, I would have visited her.(如果我知道她生病了，我会去探望她的。
)- If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.(如果她学习更努力，她就能通过考试了。
)4. 用于描述过去某个时间之前一直持续的状态：- They had been friends since high school.(他们从高中开始就是朋友了。
)- I had known him for years before he moved away.(在他搬走之前，我已经认识他好几年了。
)5. 用于间接引语中，表示某人在过去的过去说过的话：- He said that he had finished his project by the end of last month.(他说他在上个月底之前已经完成了他的项目。
过去完成时态
肯定回答#43; hadn’t.
例如：①肯定句：She had left by the time I arrived.我到达以前，她已经离开了。 ②否定句：She hadn’t left by the time I arrived.
例如：by then end of last term 到上学期末
（3）by the time + 一般过去时态的句子
例如：By the time I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
（4）up till/until + 过去的时间点连用。
2.表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去的时间。 常用表延续的时间状语如：by the end of +过去的时间点；by the time + 从句等。 例如：By the end of last year, she had worked in the factory for twenty years.
?1
到去年年底，她已经在这家工厂工作20年了。
五、过去完成时态的判断依据
（一）由时间状语来判定
（1）by + 过去的时间点。 例如：①by 9 o’clock 截至到9点（在9点前）
②by last week 截至到上周（在上周前）
③by then 截至到那时。
（2）by the end of + 过去的时间点 截至到??末/底。
过去完成时态?
过去完成时态讲解及练习
过去完成时态讲解及练习文稿归稿存档编号：[KKUY-KKIO69-OTM243-OLUI129-G00I-FDQS58-完成时态1）过去完成时态的构成：肯定式：had + 动词的过去分词否定式：hadn't + 动词的过去分词疑问式：Had … + 动词的过去分词简略回答: Yes, 主 + have/has had.No, 主 + had现在完成时的用法2) 过去完成时适用场合1. 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。
这个过去的时间常用by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句表示，也可以暗含在上下文中。
I had finished my homework before supper.我在晚饭前就把作业做完了。
The play had already started when we got to the theatre. 我们到剧场时戏已经开始了。
By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients. 到六月底他们已经治疗了一万多病人。
2. 过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或还要持续下去，常与for，since等词连用。
如：He had served in the army for ten years before he retired last year. 他在部队干了十年，去年退役了。
He told me that he had known her since he was a child. 他告诉我他从小就认识她。
He had learned English for eight years before he went to England for further study. 他在去英国深造前，已学了八年英语。
3. 在一段情景连贯的文字中，先发生的事放在后面叙述时，要用过去完成时。
过去完成时态
过去完成时态㈠过去完成时态的构成过去完成时态由“助动词had (用于各种时态和数)+过去分词”构成。
㈡过去完成时态的用法：①过去完成时态表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作，它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”，它是一种相对的时态，即相对于一般过去时态而言的，没有一般过去时态就没有过去完成时态。
过去完成时态常与by, by the time, before, by the end of等介词短语或时间状语从句搭配。
如：By the time he was ten, he had learned 200 English words.到十岁时，他已经学习了二百个英语单词。
I had seen you before you saw me. 在你看到我之前，我已看到了你。
②表示从过去开始，持续到过去某一时间的动作或状态。
常与for引导的一段时间连用，此时谓语动词只能用表示延续性的动词。
He had studied English for two hours when I called him.当我给他打电话时他已经学英语两个小时了。
③用在宾语从句中，主句谓语为一般过去时态时，从句用过去完成时态，代替现在完成时态或一般过去时态。
如：The teacher asked me what had happened to me.老师问我发生了什么事。
㈢过去完成时态和一般过去时态的区别：两者都表示过去的动作，但是一般过去时态表示的是相对于现在的过去时间，而过去完成时态表示的是相对于过去某一时刻的过去，即过去的过去。
如：They had finished that work yesterday. (×)They finished that work yesterday. (√) 他们昨天完成了那项工作。
Most of students arrived before 4 yesterday afternoon.(×)Most of students had arrived before 4 yesterday afternoon. (√)㈣当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用and 或but 连接时，按时间顺序，只需用一般过去时态。
过去完成时态的结构与用法
过去完成时态的结构与用法一、过去完成时态的基本结构过去完成时态是英语中的一种时态，用于表达在过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作或状态。
它通常由had以及动词的过去分词构成。
下面是过去完成时态的基本结构：肯定句：主语 + had + 过去分词例如：- I had finished my homework before dinner.- They had traveled to Europe by the end of last year.否定句：主语+ hadn’t + 过去分词例如：- He hadn't studied for the exam when the teacher announced it.疑问句：Had + 主语 + 过去分词？例如：- Had you seen that movie before yesterday?二、过去完成时态的用法1. 表示在过去某时间之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态。
例如：- She had already left when I arrived at the party.2. 用于时间状语从句中，引导过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作或状态。
例如：- Before he came to the office, I had already finished the report.3. 用于叙述过去发生的事情时，可以使用过去完成时来表达先后关系。
例如：- The team had won several matches before they lost the final game.4. 过去完成时态常与过去简单时态连用，用于描述先后发生的两个过去动作或状态。
例如：- I had read the book before I watched the movie.三、对过去完成时态的理解和观点过去完成时态在英语写作中扮演着重要的角色，它帮助我们清晰地表达过去事件的先后顺序，同时也可以突出某个动作或状态在过去某个特定时间之前已经完成。
had done是什么时态
had done是什么时态had done是英语中的过去完成时态。
过去完成时态用来表示在过去某个时间点或动作发生之前已经完成的动作。
它通常由助动词had和动词的过去分词形式构成。
过去完成时态常用于以下几种情况：1. 表示过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作：例如：- She had already left when I arrived at the party.（当我到达派对时，她已经离开了。
）- They had finished dinner before the movie started.（电影开始之前，他们已经吃完晚饭了。
）2. 表示过去某个动作之前已经完成的动作：例如：- I had studied Spanish for two years before I traveled to Spain.（在我去西班牙之前，我已经学了两年的西班牙语。
）- They had discussed the project before the meeting began.（在会议开始之前，他们已经讨论过这个项目了。
）3. 表示过去某个时间点之前经历的动作或状态：例如：- I had never traveled abroad before last year.（去年之前，我从未出过国。
）- She had known him since they were in high school.（她从高中时就认识他了。
）4. 表示过去某个时间点之前的推测或假设：例如：- She had probably forgotten about the appointment.（她可能已经忘记了这个约会。
）- He must have left because his car is not here.（他肯定已经离开了，因为他的车不在这里。
）需要注意的是，过去完成时态常用于与过去时间相关的叙述中，通常配合其他过去时态的动作使用。
高三英语过去完成时态
过去完成时结构与用法
过去完成时结构与用法1.表示一个过去动作或状态已经完成- I had studied English for 5 years before I moved to the United States.2.表示过去一些时间点之前已经完成的动作- He had finished his homework before his parents came back.3.表示过去本应该发生但实际上并未发生的动作或状态有时过去完成时也被用来表示过去本应该发生但实际上并未发生的动作或状态。
通常这种情况下句子中会出现条件从句或虚拟语气的结构。
如：- If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.- She would have been late if he had not driven so fast.过去完成时的构成方法是通过将助动词“had”与动词的过去分词形式相结合。
过去分词通常是动词的第三形式，在大多数情况下直接加上-ed即可。
但是也有一些不规则动词的过去分词形式需要记忆，如“go”变为“gone”、“do”变为“done”。
- She said she had already finished the report. (过去完成时) - She said she finished the report. (过去时)此外，过去完成时也可以和其他时间状语一起使用，如“already”、“yet”、“just”等等来表达不同的情态。
如：- I had already eaten dinner by 7 o'clock.- He hadn't finished his homework yet.总结起来，过去完成时是用来表示在过去其中一时间之前已经完成的动作或状态。
适用的场景包括两个过去事件的关系、一些时间点之前的完成动作、过去本应该发生但实际上并未发生的动作或状态等等。
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过去完成时态一、过去完成时态构成：过去完成时由助动词had（通用于各种人称和数）+过去分词构成。
二、过去完成时的用法：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。
它表示动作发生在过去的过去。
与by、before等构成的短语连用。
三、过去完成时的句式1．陈述句（Statements ）They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.在他们到达旅馆之前，他们已经吃早饭了。
从句中arrived at到达在过去的时间，而had already had吃早饭的动作发生在到达之前，因此主句的时态为过去的过去。
I had finished writing my composition by 10:00 this morning. 今天上午10：00点以前，我已经写完了我的作文。
She had searched the internet for two hours when she found an ad for the Canon digital camera. 当她找到了佳能数码照相机的广告时，她已经在因特网上查询了两个小时。
I went over what I had written again and again so that I wouldn't make any mistakes. 我一遍又一遍地检查了我所写的内容，以至我没有出现任何错误。
2．否定句（Negative）He remembered he hadn't paid for it yet.He said that he had never seen such a beautiful bird before.他说他以前从来没有看过这样美丽的鸟。
3．疑问句（Questions）How many English flushed had you seen by the end of last term?到上学期期末为止，你们看了多少部英文片？Had you reached the station before ten o'clock?到十点以前，你们已经到达火车站了吗？四、过去完成时的构成过去完成时由助动词had (通用于各种人称和数)＋过去分词构成。
主要表示过去某时前已发生的动作或情况（也可说是过去的过去）：By the time I got there, it had already finished.When I got to the check-out, I realized I had left my purse at home.He said he had never seen such an exciting match before.注：如果时间状语从句的动作发生在前，则从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时。
When he had finished his work , he left his office .After I had done my homework , I went to bed.(一)、主语＋过去完成时＋①when引导的从句(注：从句谓语动词为过去式)＋②by短语＋③by the time引导的从句(注：从句谓语动词为过去式)＋④before引导的从句(注：从句谓语动词为过去式)例如：1. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests ______ when he ______ at the party.A. left；had arrivedB. left；arrivedC. had left；had arrivedD. had left；arrived解析：正确答案为D。
guests先“离开”，Tom后“到达”。
2. We ______ four thousand new words by the end of last year.A. had learnedB. have learnedC. learnedD. will have learned解析：根据by短语中的last year得知是到去年年末，正确选项为A。
3. He had already built his own lab by the time he was ten.到十岁时，他已经建起了自己的实验室。
4. He had studied English for five years before he came here.来这儿之前，他已经学过五年英语了。
(二)、1.主语＋had＋hardly(scarcely)＋过去分词＋when(before)＋主语＋一般过去时。
2.主语＋had＋no sooner＋过去分词＋than＋主语＋一般过去时。
例如：①They had no sooner got home than it began to rain.他们一到家，天就下起雨来。
②______ got into the room，______ the telephone rang.他一到家，电话就响了。
A. He hardly had；thenB. Hardly had he；whenC. He had not；thatD. Not had he；when解析：正确答案为B。
当否定词hardly，scarcely，no sooner放在句首时，主谓要倒装。
(三)、根据上下文的时间关系来确定用过去完成时。
例如：1. The pen I ______ I ______ is on my desk，right under my nose.那支我以为已经丢了的钢笔。
在我的桌子上，就在我的鼻子底下。
A. think；lostB. thought；had lostC. think；had lostD. thought；have lost解析：正确答案为B。
“丢笔”是在“认为”之前发生的动作。
2. Helen ______ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband ______home.海伦把钥匙忘在了办公室，所以她不得不等到丈夫回家。
A. has left；comesB. left；had comeC. had left；cameD. had left；would come解析：正确答案为C。
had to wait说明事情发生在过去，而“忘带钥匙”的动作发生在“等丈夫回家”之前。
(四)、表示过去未曾实现的愿望、打算或意图，用过去完成时。
常用动词有：hope，think，expect，intend，mean，suppose，want等。
例如：They had wanted to help but couldn't get here in time.他们本来是要来帮忙的，但未能及时赶到。
(五)、It was＋时间＋since＋主语＋过去完成时。
例如：They asked me to have a drink with them. I said that it was at least ten years since I ______ a good drink.他们邀请我和他们喝酒，我说，我已经至少十年没有好好喝过了。
A. had enjoyedB. was enjoyingC. enjoyedD. had been enjoying正确答案为A。
过去完成时练习题选择正确答案填空()(1)The police found that the house _______and a lot of things_________.A. has broken into, has been stolenB. had broken into, had been stolenC. has been broken into, stolenD. had been broken into, stolen()(2)By the end of this century, we__ ours into a strong modern country.A. will buildB. had builtC. have builtD. will have built()(3)We _________the work by six yesterday evening.A. finishedB.would finishC. had finishedD. had been finished()(4)I _________to help you but couldn‟t get here in time.A. wantB. had wantedC. have wantedD. was wanting()(5) Mrs. Wu told me that her sister___________.A. left about two hours beforeB. would leave about two hours beforeC. has left about two hours agoD. had left about two hours before() (6)When I reached home, my parents __________their supper.A.are havingB.have already hadC.have hadD. had already had() (7)It seems that the old man _________something important.A.has lostB. had lostC. lostD. would lose() (8)She __________in this school ________the past ten years.A.was teaching, sinceB. had been teaching, sinceC.would teach, forD. has been teaching, for() (9)Did you see Xiao Li at the party? No, ______by the time I arrived.A.she‟d leftB.she's leftC. She was leftD.she must leave() (10)The job proved to be much more difficult than I______.A. expectB.expectedC. would expectD.had expected () (11)We couldn‟t catch up with the others because they _____too long before us.A.startedB.were startingC.have startedD.had started() (12)She felt anxious about her son as she ________for quite a long time.A.haven't heard himB. hadn‟t heard himC.haven…t heard from himD. hadn‟t heard from him() (13)By the time the speaker entered the hall, all the listeners_______.A. had seatedB. were seatedC. seatedD. were seating () (14)By the end of next July this building__________.A. will be finishedB. will have finishedC. will have been finishedD. had been finished() (15)By the time the war ____, most of the people had left.A.was beganB. was broken outC.broke outD. had been broken out() (16)If she ______harder, she would have succeeded.A. had workedB. have workedC. should workD. worked () (17)I wish ______I you yesterday.A. seenB. did seeC. had seenD. were to see ()(18)He is talking so much about America as if he _______ there.A. had beenB.has beenC. wasD. been () (19)That dinner was the most expensive meal we___.A. would haveB. have hadC. had never hadD. had ever had ()(20)When Jack arrived he learned Mary ______for almost an hour.A. had goneB. had set ofC. had leftD. had been away答案(1)—(5)D D C B D (6)—(10)D A D A D(11)—(15)D D B C C (16)—(20)A C A D D。