【中考英语】专题复习课件：动词(30张ppt)

have构成现在完成时，shall,will表示将来时
be(am/is/are/was/were)
1.I am watering the flowers. 帮助构成（现在/过去）进行时。 2.Tom was hit by his father yesterday. 帮助构成被动语态。 小测试： She is Lily.(is 是助动词吗？) 答案：NO.
必须
must/have to
不得不
1.must表个人意志和主观上的必要，意 为“必须”“应该”用于一般现在时； I must go now. 2.have to表客观上的必要。意为“必 须”“不得不” 除可用于现在时外，还可以表将来时 shall/will have to和过去式had to。
1.这台电视机不能用了，我们必须买 台新的。 This TV doesn’t work.We have to buy a new one. 2.那时我们必须买台新的。 We had to buy a new one. 3.我们将不得不买台新的。 We will have to buy a new one.
must • I _____study hard,because I want to go to Beijing University. have to • I _______go shopping,because the fridge is empty now.
should/would/ought to
• 1.Autumn is coming,the leaves ______yellow. turn looks • 2.The girl _______beautiful. • 3.The food_______delicious. tastes gets • 4.Autumn is coming,it______colder and colder. • 5.That song ________ sounds well.
四、情态动词
• She can speak French and I can’t. • 什么叫情态动词？ • 表示说话人对所述动作的看法，如 需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等情感或 状态。
情态动词的特征
He can speak English well,but I can’t. We must stay here.
have/has/had
• I have a book.其中have是助动词吗？ • 答案：NO.
• have/had+V.过去分词 • 现在完成时/过去完成时 其中have是助动词吗？ 答案：YES.
will/shall
• 用于一般将来时态。 • will用于所有人称，shall只用于第一人 称。 • She will finish her homework in ten minutes. • Shall I take an umbrella?
二、实义动词
能独立做谓语的词，按句法作用分 为及物和不及物动词。
•I
hit
及物 vt.
her.
his finger. rises.
不及物 vi.
• He cut • The
及物 vt.
sun
A-A-A
• hurt-hurt-hurt（受伤、伤害）
• • • • • • • •
say-said-said stand-stood-stood spend-spent-spent think-thought-thought buy-bought-bought bring-brought-brought catch-caught-caught teach-taught-taught
2. can/could 表“请求、允许” could 比can 更委婉。 eg:Could I borrow your book?
3. can/could 表“怀疑、推测” 可能性 can‘t be eg:It can’t be Lily’s bag.
may/might
1.表“请求、许可” might 比may更委 婉、客气。 eg:May I come in? Might I come in? 2. “可能”，表推测。 可能性 may be >might be eg:He may come tomorrow. He might come tomorrow.
情态动词有词义，不能单独做 谓语，无人称和数的变化，后面 必须接动词原形。
can/could/be able to
eg: I couldn’t speak English. I can speak English now.
1.三个都表“能力”could 是can的过去式。
将来能力使用shall/will/be able to. eg: I will be able to speak French.
三、助动词
I like it. 其中like是实意动词，如何变否定疑问. 用do来帮助它，我们把do、does、 did等称为助动词。 I don’t like it. Do you like it?
助动词，无词义，不能独立做谓语，
帮助构成时（态），语（态），否（定句）和 疑（问句）。
常见助动词有五个，be,do,have,shall,will. be构成被动与进行，do构成疑问和否定
A-B-B
• hold-held-held • lend-lent-lent • send-sent-sent • leave-left-left • meet-met-met • sweep-swept-swept • sleep-slept-slept • keep-kept-kept
Orise-rose-risen
应该 愿意 理所应当
ought to 1.You are his mother,you_________look after him. should 2.You are a student,you_______study hard. would help 3.She would be glad if you ______ her.
A-B-C
write-wrote-written • speak-spoke-spoken • steal-stole-stolen Oride-rode-ridden Odrive-drove-driven √sing-sang-sung
Otake-took-taken Ogive-gave-given • fly-flew-flown Oknow-knew-known Othrow-threw-thrown • eat-ate-eaten • forget-forgot-forgotten
情态动词表推测
must be may be mgt;
>
dare , need
• 既可作情态动词，又可作行为动词。 • 做情态动词，无人称、数变化，主要 用于否定句和疑问句
情态动词类型
1.只作情态动词的有： must,can(could),may(might) 2.可作情态动词也可作实义动词的有 need，dare 3.可作情态动词也可作助动词的有 will(would).shall(should) 4.具有情态动词的某些特征的有have to,ought to
第三章
动词
动词的分类
1.系动词 2.实义动词（及物和不及物） 3.助动词 4.情态动词
一、系动词
系动词：连系表语的词。 系动词有词义，不能独立做谓 语。 He is wrong.(系词+表语做谓语)
be（am,is,are,was,were）
系 动 词
感官动词 (look,smell,taste,sound,feel,seem)
表示发展变化的词 (turn,get,keep,become)
他是强壮的。 He is strong. 你必须保持健康。 You must keep healthy. 树叶变绿了。 The leaves turn green. 莉莉似乎很生气。 Lily seems very angry.
Exercise