济南育英中学九年级
、中考状元
09 王恺成绩单语文：115分数学：120分英语：118分理科综合：148分体育：60分现役军人子女加分：10分总分：571分2009年6月28日下午，王恺第一时间得知自己得了济南市中考第一名，意外之余，心里感觉踏实了，因为考完后，她一直怀疑自己涂错了答题卡。
王恺毕业于育英中学，今年1 6岁。
中考文化科目的考试，她仅丢了9分，她的数学和体育均得了满分。
“做最好的自己”在班里，王恺担任班长，成绩名列前茅，但从未拿过级部第一，所以这个成绩让她和所有的人都有点意外。
“她不是个书呆子，但学习时绝不会轻易被别人打扰。
”熟悉她的人这样评价。
“妈妈告诉我，做最好的自己就行了。
我从来不跟别人比学习时间，觉得自己学累了就休息一会儿。
”王恺说，她从不东张西望看别人是否学习，一切按照自己的计划进行。
谈及学习经验，王恺说，抓好课堂时间最关键，上课时要全身心投入，不要将希望寄托在课后复习巩固上，她很少用业余时间复习，也从不开夜车。
此外，王恺认为学习上一定要有股钻牛角尖的劲头，为了弄明白一道题，她会不计时间，直到完全明白为止。
王恺说，她非常感谢妈妈，妈妈就是她的朋友，从小不强迫她学习任何东西，她的两项爱好——素描和摄影，完全是出于自愿才学的。
中考前，由于压力比较大，她变得寡言少语，妈妈就主动与她谈心，问她怎么不哼歌了。
周末，妈妈还常和她到楼下打羽毛球。
饭桌上，她也会跟妈妈说学校的事，包括同学之间的小秘密。
“我从来没把妈妈当作长辈，所以我们无话不谈。
”练习瑜伽减压王恺平时喜欢听歌，经常哼着歌进家门，“以为听歌能减压，但慢慢地感觉作用不大，睡不着的时候，脑子里总是反复响着一首歌，越发睡不着。
”她笑着说。
后来，王恺到家附近的健身俱乐部练习瑜伽。
她发现练瑜伽能够调节情绪，让紧张的心情恢复平静。
就在28日下午，得知自己的成绩后，她还专门去练了一次瑜伽，喜悦的心情也随之淡然起来。
最遗憾数学英语各丢2分 2011年中考状元李昉乐裸分558分，少数民族加分10分，568分的总成绩让育英中学毕业生李昉乐站上了20 11济南初三学考成绩的高点。
山东省济南市市中区济南育秀中学2023-2024学年九年级上学期12月月考数学试题
山东省济南市市中区济南育秀中学2023-2024学年九年级上学期12月月考数学试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单选题A ．．．．2．已知43a b=，则a b-的值是（A ．34．433133．已知反比例函数y =图象经过点(2,-，则下列点中不在此函数图象上的是（A ．()3,2-()1,6-(1,6-4．将抛物线2y x =向右平移A ．2(3)4y x =-+C ．2(3)4y x =+-5．一个不透明的袋子中装有次试验发现，摸出红球的频率稳定在A ．12A ．()1,5B ．()4,28．如图，点A ，B ，C 均在O 上，若A ．120°B ．130°9．一次函数()0,0y ax b a b =+≠≠和反比例函数能是（）A ．．C ．D ．二、填空题13．如图，在平面直角坐标系中心，在第三象限内作与是．14．如图，B、C分别是反比例函数轴，过点C作BC的垂线交于15．如图，用10m 长的篱笆围成一个一面靠墙的矩形场地，墙的最大长度为场地的最大面积为m 2．16．如图，等边ABC 中，10AB =，点连接DF ，CF ，则FB FD +的最小值为三、解答题17．计算：()20232sin 60121︒-+-18．已知：如图，在ABC 中，D 求AC 的长．19．如图，已知小华、小强的身高都是在同一盏路灯下，小华的影长AB20．某校在举行运动会时成立了志愿者服务队，设立四个服务监督岗：A ．安全监督岗；B ．卫生监督岗；C ．文明监督岗；D ．检录服务岗．小明和小丽报名参加了志愿者服务工作，学校将报名的志愿者随机分配到四个监督岗．(1)小明被分配到文明监督岗的概率为___________；(2)用列表法或画树状图法，求小明和小丽被分配到同一个服务监督岗的概率．21．如图，某电影院的观众席成“阶梯状”，每一级台阶的水平宽度都为1m ，垂直高度都为0.3m ．测得在C 点的仰角42ACE ∠=︒，测得在D 点的仰角35ADF ∠=︒．求银幕A 的高度．（参考数据：sin 350.57︒≈，cos350.82︒≈，tan 350.7︒≈，sin 420.67︒≈，cos 420.74︒≈，tan 420.9︒≈）22．某工厂生产地方特色手工老棉鞋，它的成本价为20元/双．该工厂利用网络平台销售某一批老棉鞋，每天销售量y （双）与销售单价x （元）之间的函数图象如图，已知图象是直线的一部分．(1)求y 与x 之间的函数表达式；(2)若该工厂要求每天销售量不低于320双，当销售单价为多少元时，每天获得的利润最大，最大利润是多少元？(1)计算：sad60︒=______；sad90︒=______；(2)对于0180A <<︒︒，则A ∠的正对值sad A 的取值范围是(3)如图②在直角三角形ABC 中AC BC ⊥，已知24．如图，在矩形OABC 中，6OA =，4OC =，分别以y 轴建立平面直角坐标系．反比例函数(k y x x=>4BE =．(1)求k 的值与点F 的坐标；(2)在x 轴上找一点M ，使EMF V 的周长最小，请求出点(3)在（2）的条件下，若点P 是x 轴上的一个动点，点是否存在这样的点P ，Q ，使得以点P ，Q ，M ，直接写出符合条件的点P 坐标；若不存在，请说明理由．25．【问题情境】：（1）如图1，四边形ABCD 是正方形，点E 是AD 右侧作正方形CEFG ，连接DG BE 、，则DG 与【类比探究】：（2）如图2，四边形ABCD 是矩形，3AB =，6BC =，点E 是AD 边上的一个动点，以CE 为边在CE 的右侧作矩形CEFG ，且:1:2CG CE =，连接DG 、BE ．判断线段DG 与BE 有怎样的数量关系，并说明理由：【拓展提升】：（3）如图3，在（2）的条件下，连接BG ，求2BG BE +的最小值．26．如图1，若二次函数24y ax bx ＝++的图像与x 轴交于点()10A -，、(40)B ，，与y 轴交于点C ，连接AC BC 、．(1)求二次函数的解析式；(2)若点P 是抛物线在第一象限上一动点，连接PB PC 、，当PBC 的面积最大时，求出点P 的坐标；(3)如图2，若点Q 是抛物线上一动点，且满足45QBC ACO ∠︒∠＝－，请直接写出点Q 坐标．。
2023届山东省济南市育英中学物理九上期末教学质量检测模拟试题含解析
2022-2023学年九上物理期末模拟试卷请考生注意：1．请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用0．5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。
2．答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题。
一、选择题（每题1.5分，共30题，45分）1．中国宋代科学家沈括在《梦溪笔谈》中最早记载了地磁偏角：“以磁石磨针锋，则能指南，然常微偏东，不全南也。
”进一步研究表明，地球周围地磁场的磁感线分布示意如图所示。
关于地磁场，下列说法正确的是A．地理南、北极与地磁场的南、北极完全重合B．只有地球外部存在磁场，内部不存在磁场C．地磁场的N极在地球的南极附近D．北京地区的地磁场方向由北向南2．下列实例中，用热传递的方式来改变物体内能的是( )A．用热水袋暖手，手的温度升高B．用锯条锯木板，锯条的温度升高C．两手相互摩擦，手的温度升高D．用手反复弯折铁丝，弯折处铁丝的温度升高3．如图所示，是某保密室的防盗报警电路，当有人闯入保密室时会使开关S闭合．下列说法正确的是A．电磁继电器与发电机工作原理相同B．电磁继电器与电动机工作原理相同C．电磁铁工作时，上端为S极D．当有人闯入保密室时，b灯亮4．我国将面向2030年部署一批与国家战略长远发展和人民生活紧密相关的重大科技项目和重大工程．其中，航空发动机和燃气轮机专项已经启动，下列我国“陆、海、空、天”装备中动力机械不属于热机（利用内能做功的机械）的是A．中国高铁交流异步牵引电动机B．052D型导弹驱逐舰燃气轮机C．歼20战机涡扇15煤油发动机D．长征五号火箭液氢液氧发动机5．汽车的安全带指示灯，会提醒驾驶员系好安全带。
当安全带系好时，相当于闭合开关S，指示灯L不亮；安全带未系好时，相当于断开开关S，指示灯L亮。
下列符合要求的电路图是（）A．B．C．D．6．标有“6V 3.6W”的小灯泡，通过它的电流随两端电压的变化关系如图所示。
山东省济南市育英中学2024届中考英语最后冲刺模拟试卷含答案
山东省济南市育英中学2024届中考英语最后冲刺模拟试卷含答案注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。
用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处"。
2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。
答案不能答在试题卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答无效。
4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
Ⅰ. 单项选择1、—Mum, can I go to watch the movie Guardians of the Galaxy V ol. 2 tomorrow?—Sure, if your homework __________.A．finish B．is finished C．will finish D．will be finished2、The strongest people are not always those who win, but those who don’t ________ when they lose.A．set up B．cheer up C．give up D．show up3、— What do you think of the film?— Fantastic. ______ the children ______ their father likes to see it.A．Both; and B．Either; or C．Not only; but also D．Neither; nor4、Ifyouhaveanyquestions,*************************************.A．feel B．feeling C．to feel5、----How did you get the MP4, from a shop or by phone?----________. I always like shopping online.A．None B. Neither C．Both D．All6、Both of the two rulers are broken. I want to buy a ________ one.A．second B．third C．forth D．first7、--What age did you leave home ?--I left home at 18. I ___your city for five yearsA．have gone to B．have been to C．have been in D．have come to8、—How soon will you finish the work?—In a week. We ________ about 80% of the work so far.A．have completed B．completed C．will complete D．are completing9、--How was your last weekend? -- ______.A．It’s good B．It’s great C．It was interesting D．I am happy10、Sorry, I didn't see the sign of "No Photos". I'll _____my cameraA．put out B．put off C．put up D．put awayⅡ. 完形填空11、Once there is a rich man named Chulong.One day, he is walking in his garden when he sees a strange 1 with beautiful colours and sweet voice in a tree. Chulong 2 goes near the tree and catches the bird. He thinks he can 3 it and gets lots of money.“Don’t think about making money through me!” says the bird, “ 4 will buy me, because I will lose my beauty and sweet voice if I am not free.” Chulong loses his hope of making money. He becomes angry and wants to 5the bird for the meat.Then the 6 bird says, “Well, if you let me go, I will teach you 7 easy but useful rules, which can do good to you.”Chulong doesn’t believe the bird 8 , and he is afraid that the bird will fly away. However, the bird promises(承诺) it will keep its word(守信). Chulong wants to have a try. He sets the bird free and it sits in a tree. It becomes 9 again.Chulong asks, “Now teach me the rules.” “Sure,” says the bird.Then the bird teaches Chulong the 10 : The first rule is Never believe everything others say. The second rule is Never be sad about somet hing you don’t 11 . The third rule is Never throw away what you have in your hand.“You silly bird!” 12 Chulong, “Everyone knows these rules.”But the bird says, “Today, you have me in your hand, but you throw me away. Y ou believe all that I say. And you are 13 about not having me. The rules are easy, 14 you never follow them. Now do you understand? Just sit down and think for a while.” With these words, the bird15 .1．A．cat B．bird C．panda D．monkey2．A．happily B．sadly C．slowly D．friendly3．A．eat B．study C．draw D．sell4．A．Nobody B．Somebody C．Anybody D．Everybody5．A．find B．borrow C．smell D．kill6．A．busy B．helpful C．clever D．lucky7．A．three B．four C．five D．six8．A．at present B．later on C．at first D．at last9．A．healthy B．beautiful C．lazy D．busy10．A．songs B．words C．rules D．lesson11．A．have B．want C．know D．need12．A．smiles B．shouts C．laughs D．thinks13．A．happy B．excited C．angry D．sad14．A．and B．so C．but D．because15．A．stands up B．jumps down C．flies away D．gets upⅢ. 语法填空12、Think before we speak!It was a sunny and enjoyable day. Everyone in the railway station was waiting for the train 1．(arrive). Among the crowd, there was a group of young friends who were on board for vacation.It was a busy station with a lot of people and some juice shops, coffee and tea stalls, newspaper shops, etc. The train 2．(arrive) and everyone prepared to get into the train to their seats.The group of friends made loud noise to welcome the train as it moved into the station. They ran to get their seats before anyone entered the train.The empty seats were 3．(fill) and the train whistled (鸣汽笛) to move. An old man with a young boy 4．(age) around 15 had their seats just next to the friends' group. The young boy was so 5．(surprise) to see everything. He cheered, "Dad, the train is moving and the things 6．(move) backward."His father smiled and 7．(nod) his head.As the train started moving fast, the young boy again screamed (尖叫) , "Dad, the trees are green in color and run backward very fast." His father said, “Yes, dear," and smiledJust like a kid, he was watching everything with great 8．(interesting).A fruit seller passed 9．(sell) apples, bananas and oranges. The young boy asked his dad, "I want to eat apples." His father bought some for him. He said, "Oh, this apple looks a lot 10．(sweet) than it tastes. I love this color." The group was watching all the activities of this boy and asked the boy's father, "Is your son having any problem? Why is he behaving so 11．(different)?""His son is mad, I think," a friend from the group made fun of him and shouted.The father of the young boy, with patience, replied to the friends' group, “My son was born blind. Only a few days ago he 12．(operate). He is seeing different things in his life for the first time."The young friends became very quietⅣ. 阅读理解A13、Jack thought himself a basketball fan. He watched quite a lot of American NBA basketball games. Not only did he watch them, he spent much of his free time playing on the court too. Then came the final year of his middle school.All of his regular teammates stopped showing up on the court because they were simply too busy preparing for the high school entrance exam to play. He was, of course, under much stress himself, like everyone else. A good exam result meant a good high school; a mediocre(平庸的)score meant a mediocre school._________ However, he loved basketball so much that he still found time to play, this time with a group of guys who were said to have skipped classes(逃课)before.Some of his teachers started worrying about him. They asked his mother to go to school to let her know that Jack was hanging out with problem kids. When his mother returned home that day, she wanted to talk to Jack. Knowing the purpose of her visit to the school, Jack thought his mother would punish him for befriending those bad guys. To his surprise, his mother was not angry with him at all. She wanted to hear her son's side of the story. So Jack told his mother about what he knew of Simon and Peter. Simon's parents were badly ill; Peter's father had lost his job. They both seemed to Jack to be normal kids. Jack's mother thought for a moment, then went on to say that she was OK with her son playing with them and that she and her son should think of ways to help these kids. Soon Jack's mum introduced some part-time jobs to Simon and Peter, which they accepted. She believed in her son and cared about those who were less lucky.Jack's basketball friends and he have left for different places, but they still keep in touch. He knows Peter is now a manager of a local bank. Simon is currently a freshman at a university. Sadly, it is impossible to get together to play basketball again, but whenever they get on the phone, they talk about it all the time.1．After Jack's mother came home from school, she .A．was angry with himB．told him what his teachers had saidC．asked him to keep away from problem kidsD．was patient enough to listen to her son's words2．What does the underlined sentence "Much was at stake " probably mean in the passage?A．Jack must be punished by his mother.B．Jack might not enter a good high school.C．Jack might get hurt when playing basketball.D．Jack must be influenced badly by problem kids.3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A．Peter's family are living much better.B．Simon is now studying at a university.C．Jack's mum understood him instead of blaming him.D．Jack's teachers wanted his mother to help his friends.4．The main idea of the passage is to .A．make friends with problem kidsB．keep in touch with friends all the timeC．try to understand children and help problem kidsD．give up hobbies before the high school entrance examB14、By making some preparations before you board a plane, you can make the flight much more comfortable. In fact, you can make things easier for your whole trip !Plan a trip and find an expert in that field to give you advice. Read books about the places you are going to visit. Learn the language. Knowing a greeting or two will make the local people like you more.Pack lightly. Too much luggage will break your trip and your back. Pack what you need, and pack well. Airline now weigh your suitcases, so you'll have to pay money if they're over the weight limit.Don't take lots of things with you on the plane. You're only allowed to have two bags nowadays, and that includes a purse or backpack. Take only the things you need most.Bring a few health items. You should get travel insurance(保险). To keep yourself healthy, take some medicine with you. The workers on the plane aren't there just to serve drinks. Their main job is to keep every passenger safe. Respect and follow their instructions.根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填人题前括号内。
山东省济南市育英中学2024届中考英语押题卷含答案
山东省济南市育英中学2024届中考英语押题卷含答案注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
Ⅰ. 单项选择1、We want students for the school show. If you _________ play the guitar, please talk to Mr. Zhang after school. A．can B．may C．should D．must2、I prefer ______ the failure rather than ______ my dream.A．experience; to give up B．to experience; give upC．experienceing; giving up D．to experience; to give up3、The woman is fat because he eats junk food.A．much too, too much B．much too, much tooC．too much, too much D．too much, much too4、My parents want me to help the community and increase my _______ of the world.A．operation B．treasure C．instrument D．knowledge5、—What do you think of the environment here?—Wonderful! of the land is covered with trees and grass.A．Two fifths B．Two fifth C．Second fifths D．Second fifth6、—The writer can write good articles .Look at this ,_______ exciting news report!A．What B．How a C．What an D．How7、-----Would you like to attend China’s Got Talent(中国达人秀)?------_________ But I’m busy revising for my test.A．Don’t mention it.B．I’d love lo.C．That’s all right.D．My pleasure.8、The little girl was found ______ in her bedroom after she had an argument(争论) with her best friend.A．crying B．to cry C．being crying D．cried9、—Is she worried about her child all the time?—Yes, though I have asked her to look on the bright side.A．be positive B．be careful C．be patient10、Can you guess ________ the new schoolbag yesterday?A．how much did he pay for B．how much he spentC．how much he paid for D．how much did he spendⅡ. 完形填空11、When I was in college, a white cat liked to show up from time to time on our campus(校园)．It is clear that he was a stray(流浪的) 1 because he looked thin and weak．Students would play with him after class and 2 him allkinds of food．The school didn’t say 3 about the cat for a long time．But one day, we were told that one of our fellow students had an infectious (传染性的) disease and that the cat was 4 the source(源头)．After that, we didn’t allow 5 any stray animals on campus．The school started to make efforts to keep animals 6 campus as well．7 we were not allowed to feed the white cat, it was hard for him to find food on the street．He became weak and8 ．But while the rest of us ignored the cat, a security guard at our school decided to 9 the responsibility(责任) of caring for him．He 10 the cat to an animal doctor for a health check．He then went to a nearby supermarket and bought food 11 the cat, as well as a small bed for him to sleep in．He made sure the cat was healthy and comfortable．12 the man did seemed like a small effort to some people, but he 13 his job—his only source of income—just to feed a tiny cat who no one else 14 ．It was a very heartwarming thing to see．All lives are equal．Everyone with a heart 15 love are those who truly understand the true meaning of life．Everyone makes every effort to help stray animals so that kindness goes a long way．1．A．animal B．boy C．cat D．dog2．A．afforded B．borrowed C．cooked D．fed3．A．anything B．everything C．nothing D．something4．A．politely B．possibly C．properly D．peacefully5．A．greeting B．meeting C．touching D．playing6．A．out B．into C．on D．off7．A．Although B．Since C．Whenever D．Whether8．A．funny B．happy C．lucky D．skinny9．A．put on B．take on C．turn on D．try on10．A．brought B．carried C．took D．got11．A．at B．for C．to D．with12．A．What B．Which C．That D．Where13．A．lost B．refused C．risked D．warned14．A．cared for B．looked for C．left for D．stood for15．A．lack of B．full of C．known for D．tired outⅢ. 语法填空12、Henry was an office 1．(work) in a big city. He worked very hard and enjoyed traveling in his holidays.He usually went to the seaside, but one year he saw 2．advertisement in a newspaper. “Enjoy country life. Spend a fewweeks at West Hill Farm. Good food, Fresh air, Horse riding, Walking, Fishing, cheap and interesting.” “This 3．(sound) a good idea,” he thought. “I’ll spend a month at West Hill Farm. I think I can enjoy horse riding, walking and fishing. They’ll make a change from 4．(sit) by the seaside and swimming.”He wrote to the farmer. In the letter he said that he would like to spend all of July there. Then on the first day of July, he left 5．West Hill Farm.But four days later, he returned home.“What was wrong 6．West Hill Farm?” his best friend, Ed, asked him. “Didn’t you enjoy country life?” “Count ry life was very good,” Henry said. “But there was another problem.”“Oh. What?”“Well,” he said, “the first day I was there a sheep died, and we had roast mutton for dinner.”“What’s wrong with that?” Ed asked. “Fresh meat is the best.”“I know, but on th e 7．(two) day a cow died, and we had roast beef for dinner.”“How 8．(luck) you are!”“You don’t understand,” Henry said. “On the third day a pig died and we had roast pork for dinner.”“A different meat every day,” Ed said 9．(loud), “and what are you complaining!”“Let me finish,” Henry said. “on the fourth day the farmer 10．(dead), and I didn’t dare (敢) stay for dinner!”Ⅳ. 阅读理解A13、Tony Bennett, the American singer recently touring Britain, can’t remember how many times he has sung his standard hit “I Left My Heart in San Francisco”. He sang it again to his audience at the London Palladium last night. “I never get tired of singing it,” he said. “I like it too much. It’s a great city and it’s a good song.” Bennett is to record a TV special with American singer Lena Home while he is here. And a new LP recorded by him in London for Philips titled “Listen Easy” will be published in June. “I like it here,” he added quietly over whiskey. “I would like to live here so many months of the year.” He already keep s a large flat in Grosvenor Square, where he is staying with his actress wife Sandie Grant and their three-year-old daughter Joanna. It has a studio where he likes to paint. Tony plans to have his first exhibition later in the year and he has already sold one picture for $4, 000. At the end of the year, Tony is to star in a musical film which has been specially written for him called “Two Bits”, an informal expression for 50 cents. It’s about an Italian immigrant (移民) who goes to America, but he becomes a f ailure. “In many ways it’s very close to my life the way the story has been written,” said Bennett. “My father, an Italian, was ill and died when I was nine. He always wanted me to sing, but he never lived long enough to be a part of my success.” The film is to be made by Italy’s top director Vittoria De Sica.1．The underlined phrase “standard hit” most nearly means.A．Bennett’s favorite song but it’ s not very popularB．a song that is always popularC．a song which makes him standardD．a song which is like a heavy blow to his audience2．What was he doing when Tony Bennett was interviewed?A．Recording a TV show. B．Making a musical film.C．Staying with his wife. D．Drinking.3．What does Tony Bennett want to do?A．Buy a house and live in England. B．Stay with his wife and daughter in England.C．Live part of each year in England. D．Leave America and settle in England.B14、Rock singer Wu Tong says mixing musical styles is not only creative, it also shows that people can live together harmoniously. The track Linglong Tower was Wu's most popular piece when he performed in Tianjin, a city with a long tradition of quyi or narrative music.Honored as the "Shakespeare of the Asian," Cao Yu was one of the greatest playwrights of 20th-Century China. "Sunrise", Cao Yu's second play, was published in 1936. Following his first work "Thunderstorm," In 1937, the young playwright's third play, "The Wilderness," was released. In 1940, Cao Yu completed the writing of his fifth play, "Peking Man,"A winner of the 2011 L'Oreal-UNESCO For Women in Science Awards, Professor Reng Yonghua says she could not have done it without the backing of her family. As a mother of two daughters, 12 and 14, Reng said she is lucky to have been supported by her family.Joan Chen, Gong Li, Zhang Ziyi - who's the next of their ilk? Most agree 24-year-old Liu Yifei is the likely contender to become an internationally Chinese actress.Born to a French-language professor and a dancer, Liu received training in dancing, singing and piano as a little girl. She moved to the United States at 10 and spent four years in New York City's Long Island.Wang Zhiming grew up in a family of instrument makers, but he is the only one who could actually play a violin.Wang, 51, has been making violins for more than 30 years. He grew up around violins and musical instruments. He is the third generation of instrument makers in his family, following his grandfather and father.根据材料内容选择最佳答案, 并将其标号填入题前括号内。
山东省济南育英中学2023-2024学年九年级上学期期中测试英语试题(含答案,无听力音频及原文)
初三英语Ⅰ．听力测试（30分）A）听录音，在每组句子中选出一个你所听到的句子。
每个句子听一遍。
（7．5分）1．A．How do you learn English?B．What are the shirts made of?C．How often do you exercise? 2．A．You shouldn’t eat junk food．B．I haven’t read the book yet．C．Jack didn’t use to wear glasses．3．A．Let’s take action together．B．Don’t throw the rubbish here．C．Please stop using paper napkin．4．A．Would you like some tea?B．Is there a hotel near here?C．Can you play the guitar? 5．A．Sad movies make me cry．B．Life is full of the unexpected．C．I like music that is quiet．B）在录音中，你将听到五段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。
每段对话读两遍。
6．Where is the girl’s homework?A．In her school bag．B．On her desk．C．Under her sweater．7．What does the woman mean?A．They can eat now．B．They have to wait．C．They arrive late．8．What will the boy buy?A．A jacket．B．A pair of glasses．C．A bike．9．Why does the man like the sports center?A．It’s near his house．B．It’s quite modern．C．It’s clean．10．How often does Mr. Smith do exercise?A．Every afternoon．B．Twice a week．C．Three times a week．C）在录音中，你将听到一段对话，对话后有五个小题，从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。
山东省济南市育英中学度第一学期人教版九年级化学上第一次月考试题(10月份第13章)
山东省济南市育英中学2021-2021学年度第一学期人教版九年级化学上第一次月考试题〔10月份第1-3章〕考试总分： 100 分考试时间： 120 分钟学校：__________ 班级：__________ 姓名：__________ 考号：__________一、选择题〔共 15 小题，每题 1 分，共 15 分〕1.以下变化中，属于物理变化的是〔〕A.铁生锈B.红磷燃烧C.石蜡熔化D.食物变质2.为了让灯泡通电发热时，消耗灯泡内的氧气，到达保护钨丝的目的，通常在白炽灯泡里的玻璃柱上涂有一层物质，该物质是〔〕A.红磷B.氧化铜C.二氧化锰D.高锰酸钾3.以下实验中关于实验失误的描绘正确的选项是〔〕A.在甲实验中集气瓶发生破裂的可能原因是铁丝太粗B.乙实验水倒入浓硫酸中不会引起酸液溅出C.丙实验会使测定结果偏低D.丁实验搜集不到CO2的原因是集气瓶上方没有盖玻璃片4.在探究地球上生命的起源活动中，美国科学家米勒(S．Millte)做了一个著名的实验，他模拟原始大气的成分将甲烷、氨气、氢气和水蒸汽混合，放入真空的玻璃仪器中进展实验．一个星期后，他惊奇地发现仪器中果然有数种氨基酸生成．你从米勒的实验中能得出的结论是〔〕A.一定发生了化学变化B.没有发生化学变化C.无法判断是否发生了化学变化D.一定没有发生物理变化5.根据氧气的性质，氧气可以用于〔〕A.作复原剂B.炼钢C.充灌探空气球D.灭火6.商场的货架上会看到标有“补钙〞、“补铁〞、“补碘〞等字样的食品和保健品，这里的钙、铁、碘指的是〔〕A.离子B.原子C.分子D.元素7.以下物质的用处，只利用其物理性质的是〔〕A.氧气用于炼钢B.稀硫酸除锈C.液氮作致冷剂D.氮气用于填充灯泡作保护气8.化学学习小组做实验时记录了以下实验现象，其中正确的选项是〔〕A.细铁丝在氧气中剧烈燃烧，火星四射，有黑色固体生成B.红磷在空气中燃烧，产生大量白雾C.木炭在氧气中燃烧，发出红色的火焰，产生使澄清石灰水变浑浊的气体D.硫在氧气里燃烧生成具有刺激性气味的二氧化硫9.以下元素符号书写正确的选项是〔〕A.钙CaB.锰MNC.钠naD.铜cU10.要取用7mL的盐酸，可选用〔〕规格的量筒．A.10mLB.20mLC.50mLD.100mL11.以下反响属于氧化反响但不是化合反响的是〔〕A.氢气+氧气→点燃水 B.甲烷+氧气→点燃水+二氧化碳C.铜+氧气→加热氧化铜 D.二氧化碳+水→碳酸12.碘是人体必须的微量元素，缺少或过量都会引起甲状腺肿大，如图是元素周期表中关于碘元素的信息．以下说法错误的选项是〔〕A.碘元素属于非金属元素B.相对原子质量为126.9C.原子核内中子数为53D.碘原子核外有53个电子13.以下实验操作中，正确的选项是〔〕A.加热试管中的液体时，液体的体积少于试管容积的1/3B.用托盘天平称量时，把称量物放在右盘，把砝码放在左盘C.实验后用剩的药品，应放回原试剂瓶中D.实验完毕后先用嘴吹灭酒精灯，再盖好灯帽14.以下反响中，既不是化合反响，又不是分解反响的是〔〕A.碳+氧气→点燃二氧化碳 B.碳酸→水+二氧化碳C.石蜡+氧气→点燃二氧化碳+水 D.氢气+氧气→点燃水15.夏天，长时间使用空调会使室内的空气变得非常枯燥．因此，人们常在室内放上一盆清水以增加空气的湿度，这种方法可以说明〔〕A.水分子由原子构成B.水分子的体积变大C.水分子间有互相作用力D.水分子在不断运动二、多项选择题〔共 5 小题，每题 2 分，共 10 分〕16.以下实验根本操作中，正确的选项是〔〕A.倾倒液体B.量取41mL液体C. D.第 1 页加热液体熄灭酒精灯17.以下实验操作正确的选项是〔〕A.用手直接取用砝码B.用燃着的酒精灯去点燃另一个酒精灯C.使用完酒精灯用灯帽盖灭D.用镊子夹取块状固体药品18.以下措施或方法能到达实验目的是〔〕A.点燃蜡烛熄灭后产生的白烟，证明白烟具有可燃性B.用铁丝代替红磷测定空气中氧气的含量C.将集气瓶中的水换成细沙吸收硫燃烧生成的有害气体D.用燃着的木条探究吸入的空气和呼出气体中二氧化碳含量的不同19.在实验室中，以下做法正确的选项是〔〕A.对某些药品，为了更明确性质，可把鼻孔凑到容器口去闻一闻气味或尝一下药品的味道B.打碎的玻璃仪器，要用一只专门的废物箱盛装，集满一箱后，送到废品收买站C.用双氧水制氧气后的废液需要回收，然后集中静置、过滤、晾干，获得的二氧化锰固体可供下次实验使用D.实验室剩余的药品不要随意丢弃，可拿回家继续做实验E.做实验时，为了获得更好的实验效果，应尽可能多的添加药品以便观察F.做完实验分开实验室前，应关闭水管和电源，将试验台物品整理干净．20.对以下实验过程的评价，正确的选项是〔〕A.某溶液滴加BaCl2溶液，生成不溶于稀硝酸的白色沉淀，该溶液中不一定含有SO42−B.某无色溶液中滴入酚酞试液变红色，该溶液不一定是碱溶液C.检验氢气纯度时，将一搜集气体的试管移近火焰，没有响声，说明氢气纯洁D.验证烧碱溶液中是否含有Cl−，先加稀盐酸除去OH−，再加AgNO3溶液有白色沉淀出现，证明含Cl−三、填空题〔共 2 小题，每题 4 分，共 8 分〕21.图为某同学设计的测定空气中氧气含量的实验，请根据下述实验内容答复以下问题．【小资料】白磷的着火点为40∘C．(1)如图锥形瓶内空气体积为220mL，注射器中水的体积为50mL，实验时先夹紧弹簧夹，将锥形瓶底部放入热水中，立即观察到的现象是________．(2)冷却至室温后翻开弹簧夹后看到注射器内的现象是________．(3)图中细沙的作用是________．(4)假设实验测得的结果偏小，可能的一条原因是________．22.空气中氧气含量测定的再认识．【实验回忆】如图1是实验室用红磷燃烧来粗略测定空气中氧气含量的装置．(1)写出红磷燃烧的现象：________，文字表达式________．(2)实验原理：由于红磷燃烧消耗空气中的氧气，使瓶内________减小，烧杯中水倒吸到集气瓶．假设装置的气密性良好，操作标准，用量筒测量进入瓶中水的体积，能粗略测得空气中氧气的含量．【问题提出】有实验资料说明：燃烧过程中当氧气体积分数低于7%时，红磷就无法继续燃烧，因此通过上述实验，测置结果与理论值________〔填“偏低〞或“偏高〞〕．【实验改良】I．根据铁在空气中生锈也能消耗空气中的氧气，设计如图2装置再次测定空气中氧气含量．装置中饱和食盐水、活性炭会加速铁生锈，加快氧气的消耗速度．II．测得实验数据如表4【交流表达】(1)根据表4数据计算，改良实验后测得的空气中氧气的体积分数是________〔计算结(2)从实验原理角度分析，改良后的实验结果比前者准确度更髙的原因是：①________；②________．四、解答题〔共 1 小题，共 7 分〕23.〔7分〕绿色化学的提出，使更多的化学消费工艺和产品向着环境友好的方向开展．“绿色〞的含义包括“绿化城市、绿色生活、绿色消费、人与自然和谐开展等内容．〞在你的身边一定有很多表达绿色理念的例子，请举三例．五、实验探究题〔共 4 小题，每题 15 分，共 60 分〕24.〔请在以下(1)(2)两小题中任选一题作答，假设两题都作答那么以第(1)题计分．(1)在做“物质在盛有氧气的集气瓶中燃烧〞的实验时，常常要在集气瓶里预先加少量水，试推测列举两种不同的物质，说说其实验中加水的目的是什么？(2)局部媒体的天气预报中含有空气污染指数工程，据你理解，目前空气污染指数工程有哪些？〔至少两种〕25.小明同学欲通过实验证明“二氧化锰是过氧化氢分解的催化剂〞这一命题．他设计并完成了下表所示的探究实验：第 3 页(2)在小明的探究实验中，实验一和实验二起的作用是________；(3)小英同学认为仅由上述实验还不能完全得出表内“总结〞，她补充设计了两个方面的探究实验，最终完成了对“命题〞的实验证明．第一方面的实验操作是将实验三反响前和反响后的二氧化锰进展称量，其目的是：________；第二方面的实验是将实验三反响后的溶液倾倒掉．向剩余的固体中继续参加过氧化氢溶液．其目的是：________．26.某市热电厂使用的燃料是含硫较多的煤．该厂附近一所中学的同学经常闻到空气有异味，且空气能见度差．学校研究性学习小组意识到这有可能是该厂排出的废气超标造成的，于是在教师的指导下做了探究实验，请你填写以下空白． [提出问题]空气里二氧化硫(SO 2)是否超标呢？[查阅资料]I ．我国关于SO 2在风景区、居民区、工厂区的空气质量标准分别见下表： 2324与氯化钡(BaCl 2)反响生成硫酸钡，硫酸钡既不溶于水，也不溶于酸〔如不与稀盐酸、稀硝酸等反响〕．III ．二氧化碳能与氢氧化钠反响，生成碳酸钠，生成碳酸钠能与氯化钡反响生成碳酸钡沉淀〔碳酸钡能与稀盐酸、稀硝酸等反响〕．[设计实验]同学设计以下步骤来测定空气中SO 2的含量． (1)采集工厂附近的空气样品250L ．(2)将空气样品通过NaOH 溶液，参加一定量氧化剂过氧化氢(H 2O 2)，使其中亚硫酸钠(Na 2SO 3)完全转化为硫酸钠(Na 2SO 4)．(3)再参加过量的氯化钡(BaCl 2)溶液，经过过滤、洗涤、烘干，称量固体质量为1.2mg ．计算：250L 空气样品中SO 2的质量为0.33mg ．由空气质量标准可得出结论：该厂排放的SO 2________〔填“超标〞或“不超标〞〕． (4)简述采集空气样品的方法________．[发现新问题]考虑到空气中的各种气体成分，有同学认为该实验测得的SO 2的含量偏大，其根据及你提出的实验改良方案是________．[反思与应用]为尽快改善该地区的空气质量，请你提出一条合理化建议：________． 27.根据如图1答复以下问题．实验室开放日，某化学兴趣小组的同学在教师的指导下，设计了如下实验装置进展气体制取和性质的探究，请答复有关问题：(1)B 装置中试管口略向下倾斜的原因是________(2)实验室用氯酸钾和二氧化锰混合制取氧气时，应选用的发生装置是________〔填写装置的字母代号〕，请写出该反响的文字表达式：________．(3)假如用装置E 搜集气体，实验完毕后应先________，然后再________．(4)假设用图2所示装置搜集氧气，那么氧气应从________〔填“a 〞或“b 〞〕端导入． (5)“低碳生活〞倡导低能量、低消耗主要是为了减少________〔填化学式或名称〕的排放量．结合生活实际，写出一条节约用水的详细措施________ (6)试计算碳酸钙 CaCO 3 中氧元素的质量分数．答案 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.C 8.A 9.A 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.A 14.C15.D16.BC17.CD18.AD19.BCF20.AB21.〔锥形瓶中〕白色固体燃烧，发黄光，放热，产生浓重白烟；气球变大；(2)白磷燃烧消耗了锥形瓶中的氧气，使瓶中气压减小，注射器中的水自动喷出来；锥形瓶中氧气约占44mL，当注射器中的水进入锥形瓶44mL后，瓶中气压与外界相当．所以，当注射器中的水还剩下约6mL时停顿下流；故答案为：液面下降至6mL处；(3)白磷燃烧放热，为防止过热，炸裂锥形瓶，因此要在锥形瓶底部放一层细沙；故答案为：防止白磷燃烧时过热，炸裂锥形瓶底；(4)假设药品缺乏、装置漏气等等都会使结果偏小；故答案为：装置气密性不好等．22.剧烈燃烧，产生大量白烟，放出热量磷+氧气→点燃五氧化二磷压强偏低20.2%可以把氧气完全消耗防止了燃烧匙伸入集气瓶时导致的气体外逸23.①用可降解餐盒代替原来的泡沫塑料餐盒；②2008年6月1日开场执行的“限塑令〞；③养成人走不忘关灯，洗完手不忘关水龙头的好习惯；〔答案不唯一〕24.(1)铁丝燃烧：防止高温熔化物溅落瓶底，引起集气瓶炸裂；硫燃烧：吸收二氧化硫，防止污染大气〔合理均可〕；(2)二氧化硫、一氧化碳等〔合理均可〕2226.【设计实验超标用可乐瓶装满水盖上瓶盖拿到工厂附近，然后倒掉水，再盖上瓶盖空气中的二氧化碳也要和氢氧化钠溶液反响，并继续与BaCl2溶液反响，生成碳酸钡沉淀．向沉淀中参加过量的稀硝酸后，再进展其余操作对工厂废气进展治理，达标后再排放27.防止水蒸气冷凝、回流把试管炸裂B氯酸钾→二氧化锰加热氯化钾+氧气把导管移出水面熄灭酒精灯a二氧化碳用洗菜的水浇花(6)碳酸钙中氧元素的质量分数为：16×340+12+16×3×100%=48%，答：碳酸钙中氧元素的质量分数是48%．。
山东省济南市育英中学2025届九年级化学第一学期期末质量检测模拟试题含解析
山东省济南市育英中学2025届九年级化学第一学期期末质量检测模拟试题考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。
2．第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。
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考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、单选题（本题包括12个小题，每小题3分，共36分．每小题只有一个选项符合题意）1．我国科学家成功合成新型催化剂，能将CO 2高效转化为甲醇（CH 3OH ），这不仅可以缓解碳排放引起的温室效应，还将成为理想的能源补充形式。
该化学反应的微观过程如图所示。
下列有关说法错误的是A ．物质丙的化学式是CH 3OHB ．反应前后，原子的种类数目都不变C ．该反应的化学方程式2232CO +2H CH OH+H O 催化剂D ．反应生成的丙、丁物质分子个数比为1:12．用如图装置来测定空气中氧气的含量，下列做法会使实验结果不准确的是（ ）A ．事先在集气瓶内加少量水B ．燃烧匙内加足量红磷C ．红磷熄灭后，立即打开弹簧夹D ．实验前，检查装置的气密性3．布洛芬缓释胶囊常用于缓解轻至中度疼痛如头痛、关节痛、偏头痛等，也用于普通感冒或流行性感冒引起的发热，布洛芬化学式为C 13H 18O 2。
下列关于布洛芬的说法不正确的是A ．布洛芬由三种元素组成B ．布洛芬中氢元素质量分数最小C ．布洛芬的相对分子质量为176D ．一个布洛芬分子中含有33个原子4．区别下列各组物质，所选择的试剂或方法错误的是:A．A B．B C．C D．D5．2016年世界环境日的主题确定为“改善环境质量，推动绿色发展”。
下面做法符合这一主题的是（）A．大量开采矿物，保障金属材料的使用B．推广使用太阳能、风能，缓解温室效应C．采用焚烧的方法处理农作物秸秆和垃圾D．生活中尽量使用含磷洗衣粉，便于给水体提供养分6．下列实验操作中(括号内为待检验物质或杂质)不能达到实验目的的是A．A B．B C．C D．D7．对下列相关操作错误．．的是（）A．实验室中的葡萄糖有甜味，可以通过品尝其味道来验证B．当酒精洒在桌面上并着火燃烧时，不要惊慌，应立刻用湿抹布扑盖C．发生一氧化碳中毒时，需将中毒人员立即转移到通风地方进行救治D．剩余药品不能放回原瓶，不能随丢弃或带出实验室，要放到指定容器内8．制造C919大飞机采用的非金属材料氮化硅(Si3N4) ，其中氮元素的化合价是-3价，则硅元素的化合价是A．+1 B．+2 C．+3 D．+49．下列有关空气成分的说法错误的是A．氧气能支持燃烧，常用作助燃剂B．空气中氮气的体积分数约为78%C．空气中敞口放置的饼干变软是因为空气中含有水蒸气D．空气中的二氧化碳含量增多会引起温室效应，属于空气污染物10．已知一定质量的碳与铜粉的固体混合物在空气中灼烧，完全反应后剩余固体的质量不变，则原固体混合物中碳的质量分数是（）A．20% B．80% C．12% D．64%11．下列属于非金属元素的是（）A．Cu B．Zn C．Cl D．Al12．下列变化属于物理变化的是（）A．蒸腾作用B．光合作用C．呼吸作用D．氧化作用二、填空题（本题包括4个小题，每小题7分，共28分）13．化学是一门以实验为基础的科学。
2020年山东省济南市市中区育英中学中考数学模拟试卷(三)解析版
2020年山东省济南市市中区育英中学中考数学模拟试卷（三）一、选择题（共12小题，每小题3分，满分36分）1．（3分）﹣的绝对值是（）A．﹣B．C．D．﹣2．（3分）为应对疫情，许多企业跨界抗疫，生产口罩．截至2月29日，全国口罩日产量达到116000000只．将116000000用科学记数法表示应为（）A．116×106B．11.6×107C．1.16×107D．1.16×1083．（3分）如图所示，正三棱柱的俯视图是（）A．B．C．D．4．（3分）已知直线l1∥l2，将一块含30°角的直角三角板ABC按如图所示方式放置，若∠1＝85°，则∠2等于（）A．35°B．45°C．55°D．65°5．（3分）下列式子运算正确的是（）A．t2+t4＝t6B．（3x2）3＝9x5C．m8÷m4＝m2D．6．（3分）如表是某班体育考试跳绳项目模拟考试时10名同学的测试成绩（单位：个/分钟）成绩（个/分钟）140160169170177180人数111232则关于这10名同学每分钟跳绳的测试成绩，下列说法错误的是（）A．众数是177B．平均数是170C．中位数是173.5D．方差是1357．（3分）下列图案中，既是中心对称图形又是轴对称图形的是（）A．B．C．D．8．（3分）若关于x的一元二次方程x2﹣4x+c＝0有实数根，则常数c的值不可能为（）A．﹣4B．4C．﹣16D．169．（3分）如图，从点A看一山坡上的电线杆PQ，观测点P的仰角是45°，向前走6m到达B点，测得顶端点P和杆底端点Q的仰角分别是60°和30°，则该电线杆PQ的高度（）A．6+2B．6C．10﹣D．810．（3分）如图，在菱形ABCD中，点E是BC的中点，以C为圆心、CE为半径作弧，交CD于点F，连接AE、AF．若AB＝6，∠B＝60°，则阴影部分的面积为（）A．9﹣3πB．9﹣2πC．18﹣9πD．18﹣6π11．（3分）如图，△ACB和△ECD都是等腰直角三角形，CA＝CB，CE＝CD，△ACB的顶点A在△ECD的斜边DE上，若AE＝，AD＝，则两个三角形重叠部分的面积为（）A．B．3C．D．312．（3分）二次函数y＝x2+mx﹣n的对称轴为x＝2．若关于x的一元二次方程x2+mx﹣n＝0在﹣1＜x＜6的范围内有实数解，则n的取值范围是（）A．﹣4≤n＜5B．n≥﹣4C．﹣4≤n＜12D．5＜n＜12二、填空（共6小题）13．（3分）分解因式：2a2﹣8a+8＝．14．（3分）不透明的袋子里装有2个红球和1个白球，这些球除了颜色外都相同，从中任意摸出一个，放回摇匀，再从中摸一个，则两次摸到球的颜色相同的概率是．15．（3分）一个n边形的内角和等于720°，则n＝．16．（3分）代数式与代数式3﹣2x的和为4，则x＝．17．（3分）有两段长度相等的路面，分别交给甲、乙两个施工队同时进行施工，甲、乙两个施工队铺设路面的长度y（米）与施工时间x（时）的函数关系的部分图象如图所示．下列四种说法：①施工2小时，甲队的施工速度比乙队的施工速度快；②施工4小时，甲、乙两队施工的长度相同；③施工6小时，甲队比乙队多施工了10米；④如果甲队施工速度不变，乙队在施工6小时后，施工速度增加到每小时12米，结果两队同时完成铺设任务，则路面铺设任务的长度为110米．其中正确的有．18．（3分）如图，正方形ABCD的对角线BD上有一点E，且BE＝3DE，点F在AB的延长线上，连接EF，过点E作EG⊥EF，交BC的延长线于点G，连接GF并延长，交DB的延长线于点P，若AB＝4，BF＝1，则线段EP的长是．三、解答题（本大题共9小题，共计78分．解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤）19．（6分）计算：（3﹣π）0﹣（）﹣1+|2﹣|+2cos45°20．（6分）解不等式组：，并写出它的最小整数解．21．（6分）如图，在▱ABCD中，E、F为对角线BD上的两点，且∠BAE＝∠DCF．求证：BF＝DE．22．（8分）为迎接“五一劳动节”的到来，历下区某志愿者服务团队计划制作360件手工艺品，献给社区中有代表性的劳动者们，由于制作工具上的改进，提高了工作效率，每天比原计划多加工50%，结果提前10天完成任务，求原计划每天制作多少件手工品？23．（8分）如图，AB是⊙O的直径，CD切⊙O于点C，BE⊥CD于E，连接AC、BC．（1）求证：BC平分∠ABE；（2）若⊙O的半径为2，∠A＝60°，求CE的长．24．（10分）为响应“书香校园”号召，重庆一中在九年级学生中随机抽取某班学生对2016年全年阅读中外名著的情况进行调查，整理调查结果发现，每名学生阅读中外名著的本数，最少的有5本，最多的有8本，并根据调查结果绘制了如图所示的不完整的折线统计图和扇形统计图．（1）该班学生共有名，扇形统计图中阅读中外名著本数为7本所对应的扇形圆心角的度数是度，并补全折线统计图；（2）根据调查情况，班主任决定在阅读中外名著本数为5本和8本的学生中任选两名学生进行交流，请用树状图或表格求出这两名学生阅读的本数均为8本的概率．25．（10分）如图，A为反比例函数y＝（其中x＞0）图象上的一点，在x轴正半轴上有一点B，OB＝4．连接OA、AB，且OA＝AB＝2．（1）求k的值；（2）过点B作BC⊥OB，交反比例函数y＝（x＞0）的图象于点C．①连接AC，求△ABC的面积；②在图上连接OC交AB于点D，求的值．26．（12分）【问题探究】（1）如图1，△ABC和△DEC均为等腰直角三角形，∠ACB＝∠DCE＝90°，点B，D，E在同一直线上，连接AD，BD．①请探究AD与BD之间的位置关系：；②若AC＝BC＝，DC＝CE＝，则线段AD的长为；【拓展延伸】（2）如图2，△ABC和△DEC均为直角三角形，∠ACB＝∠DCE＝90°，AC＝，BC＝，CD＝，CE＝1．将△DCE绕点C在平面内顺时针旋转，设旋转角∠BCD 为α（0°≤α＜360°），作直线BD，连接AD，当点B，D，E在同一直线上时，画出图形，并求线段AD的长．27．（12分）如图1，直线y＝﹣x+n交x轴于点A，交y轴于点C（0，4），抛物线y＝x2+bx+c 经过点A，交y轴于点B（0，﹣2）．点P为抛物线上一个动点，过点P作x轴的垂线PD，过点B作BD⊥PD于点D，连接PB，设点P的横坐标为m．（1）求抛物线的解析式；（2）当△BDP为等腰直角三角形时，求线段PD的长；（3）如图2，将△BDP绕点B逆时针旋转，得到△BD′P′，且旋转角∠PBP′＝∠OAC，当点P的对应点P′落在坐标轴上时，请直接写出点P的坐标．2020年山东省济南市市中区育英中学中考数学模拟试卷（三）参考答案与试题解析一、选择题（共12小题，每小题3分，满分36分）1．（3分）﹣的绝对值是（）A．﹣B．C．D．﹣【分析】直接利用绝对值的定义得出答案．【解答】解：﹣的绝对值是：．故选：C．【点评】此题主要考查了绝对值，正确把握绝对值的定义是解题关键．2．（3分）为应对疫情，许多企业跨界抗疫，生产口罩．截至2月29日，全国口罩日产量达到116000000只．将116000000用科学记数法表示应为（）A．116×106B．11.6×107C．1.16×107D．1.16×108【分析】科学记数法的表示形式为a×10n的形式，其中1≤|a|＜10，n为整数．确定n 的值时，要看把原数变成a时，小数点移动了多少位，n的绝对值与小数点移动的位数相同．当原数绝对值≥10时，n是正数；当原数的绝对值＜1时，n是负数．【解答】解：将116000000用科学记数法表示应为1.16×108．故选：D．【点评】此题考查科学记数法的表示方法．科学记数法的表示形式为a×10n的形式，其中1≤|a|＜10，n为整数，表示时关键要正确确定a的值以及n的值．3．（3分）如图所示，正三棱柱的俯视图是（）A．B．C．D．【分析】正三棱柱从上面看到的图形即俯视图．【解答】解：俯视图是从上面看所得到的图形，看见的棱用实线表示，看不见的用虚线表示，故选：B．【点评】考查简单几何体的三视图的画法，主视图、左视图、俯视图实际上就是从正面、左面、上面对该几何体正投影所得到的图形．画三视图时还要注意“长对正、宽相等、高平齐”．4．（3分）已知直线l1∥l2，将一块含30°角的直角三角板ABC按如图所示方式放置，若∠1＝85°，则∠2等于（）A．35°B．45°C．55°D．65°【分析】利用对顶角相等及三角形内角和定理，可求出∠4的度数，由直线l1∥l2，利用“两直线平行，内错角相等”可求出∠2的度数．【解答】解：∵∠A+∠3+∠4＝180°，∠A＝30°，∠3＝∠1＝85°，∴∠4＝65°．∵直线l1∥l2，∴∠2＝∠4＝65°．故选：D．【点评】本题考查了平行线的性质以及三角形内角和定理，牢记“两直线平行，内错角相等”是解题的关键．5．（3分）下列式子运算正确的是（）A．t2+t4＝t6B．（3x2）3＝9x5C．m8÷m4＝m2D．【分析】分别根据合并同类项法则，积的乘方运算法则，同底数幂的除法法则以及完全平方公式逐一判断即可．【解答】解：A．t2与t4不是同类项，所以不能合并，故本选项不合题意；B．（3x2）3＝9x6，故本选项不合题意；C．m8÷m4＝m4，故本选项不合题意；D.，正确．故选：D．【点评】本题主要考查了合并同类项，同底数幂的除法，幂的乘方与积的乘方以及完全平方公式，熟记幂的运算法则是解答本题的关键．6．（3分）如表是某班体育考试跳绳项目模拟考试时10名同学的测试成绩（单位：个/分钟）成绩（个/分钟）140160169170177180人数111232则关于这10名同学每分钟跳绳的测试成绩，下列说法错误的是（）A．众数是177B．平均数是170C．中位数是173.5D．方差是135【分析】根据平均数、方差、中位数和众数的定义分别进行解答，即可求出答案．【解答】解：A、这组数据中177出现次数最多，即众数为177，此选项正确；B、这组数据的平均数是：（140+160+169+170×2+177×3+180×2）÷10＝170，此选项正确；C、∵共有10个数，∴中位数是第5个和6个数的平均数，∴中位数是（170+177）÷2＝173.5；此选项正确；D、方差＝[（140﹣170）2+（160﹣170）2+（169﹣170）2+2×（170﹣170）2+3×（177﹣170）2+2×（180﹣170）2]＝134.8；此选项错误；故选：D．【点评】本题主要考查方差、中位数、平均数、众数等，熟练掌握中位数、众数及平均数、方差等定义是解题的关键．7．（3分）下列图案中，既是中心对称图形又是轴对称图形的是（）A．B．C．D．【分析】根据轴对称图形与中心对称图形的概念求解．【解答】解：A、是中心对称图形，是轴对称图形，故此选项符合题意；B、不是中心对称图形，是轴对称图形，故此选项不合题意；C、是中心对称图形，不是轴对称图形，故此选项不符合题意；D、不是中心对称图形，不是轴对称图形，故此选项不合题意；故选：A．【点评】此题主要考查了中心对称图形与轴对称图形的概念．轴对称图形的关键是寻找对称轴，图形两部分折叠后可重合，中心对称图形是要寻找对称中心，旋转180度后两部分重合．8．（3分）若关于x的一元二次方程x2﹣4x+c＝0有实数根，则常数c的值不可能为（）A．﹣4B．4C．﹣16D．16【分析】利用判别式的意义得到△＝（﹣4）2﹣4c≥0，解不等式得到c的范围，然后对各选项进行判断．【解答】解：根据题意得△＝（﹣4）2﹣4c≥0，解得c≤4．故选：D．【点评】本题考查了根的判别式：一元二次方程ax2+bx+c＝0（a≠0）的根与△＝b2﹣4ac 有如下关系：当△＞0时，方程有两个不相等的实数根；当△＝0时，方程有两个相等的实数根；当△＜0时，方程无实数根．9．（3分）如图，从点A看一山坡上的电线杆PQ，观测点P的仰角是45°，向前走6m到达B点，测得顶端点P和杆底端点Q的仰角分别是60°和30°，则该电线杆PQ的高度（）A．6+2B．6C．10﹣D．8【分析】延长PQ交直线AB于点E，设PE＝x米，在直角△APE和直角△BPE中，根据三角函数利用x表示出AE和BE，根据AB＝AE﹣BE即可列出方程求得x的值，再在直角△BQE中利用三角函数求得QE的长，则PQ的长度即可求解．【解答】解：延长PQ交直线AB于点E，设PE＝x米．在直角△APE中，∠A＝45°，则AE＝PE＝x米；∵∠PBE＝60°∴∠BPE＝30°在直角△BPE中，BE＝PE＝x米，∵AB＝AE﹣BE＝6米，则x﹣x＝6，解得：x＝9+3．则BE＝（3+3）米．在直角△BEQ中，QE＝BE＝（3+3）＝（3+）米．∴PQ＝PE﹣QE＝9+3﹣（3+）＝6+2（米）．答：电线杆PQ的高度是6+2米．故选：A．【点评】本题考查了仰角的定义，以及三角函数，正确求得PE的长度是关键．10．（3分）如图，在菱形ABCD中，点E是BC的中点，以C为圆心、CE为半径作弧，交CD于点F，连接AE、AF．若AB＝6，∠B＝60°，则阴影部分的面积为（）A．9﹣3πB．9﹣2πC．18﹣9πD．18﹣6π【分析】连接AC，根据菱形的性质求出∠BCD和BC＝AB＝6，求出AE长，再根据三角形的面积和扇形的面积求出即可．【解答】解：连接AC，∵四边形ABCD是菱形，∴AB＝BC＝6，∵∠B＝60°，E为BC的中点，∴CE＝BE＝3＝CF，△ABC是等边三角形，AB∥CD，∵∠B＝60°，∴∠BCD＝180°﹣∠B＝120°，由勾股定理得：AE＝＝3，∴S△AEB＝S△AEC＝×6×3×＝4.5＝S△AFC，∴阴影部分的面积S＝S△AEC+S△AFC﹣S扇形CEF＝4.5+4.5﹣＝9﹣3π，故选：A．【点评】本题考查了等边三角形的性质和判定，菱形的性质，扇形的面积计算等知识点，能求出△AEC、△AFC和扇形ECF的面积是解此题的关键．11．（3分）如图，△ACB和△ECD都是等腰直角三角形，CA＝CB，CE＝CD，△ACB的顶点A在△ECD的斜边DE上，若AE＝，AD＝，则两个三角形重叠部分的面积为（）A．B．3C．D．3【分析】如图设AB交CD于O，连接BD，作OM⊥DE于M，ON⊥BD于N．想办法求出△ABC的面积．再求出OA与OB的比值即可解决问题；【解答】解：如图设AB交CD于O，连接BD，作OM⊥DE于M，ON⊥BD于N．∵∠ECD＝∠ACB＝90°，∴∠ECA＝∠DCB，∵CE＝CD，CA＝CB，∴△ECA≌△DCB，∴∠E＝∠CDB＝45°，AE＝BD＝，∵∠EDC＝45°，∴∠ADB＝∠ADC+∠CDB＝90°，在Rt△ADB中，AB＝＝2，∴AC＝BC＝2，∴S△ABC＝×2×2＝2，∵OD平分∠ADB，OM⊥DE于M，ON⊥BD于N，∴OM＝ON，∵＝＝＝＝，∴S△AOC＝2×＝3﹣，故选：D．【点评】本题考查全等三角形的判定和性质、等腰直角三角形的性质、勾股定理、角平分线的性质等知识，解题的关键是学会利用面积法确定线段之间的关系，属于中考选择题中的压轴题．12．（3分）二次函数y＝x2+mx﹣n的对称轴为x＝2．若关于x的一元二次方程x2+mx﹣n＝0在﹣1＜x＜6的范围内有实数解，则n的取值范围是（）A．﹣4≤n＜5B．n≥﹣4C．﹣4≤n＜12D．5＜n＜12【分析】根据对称轴求出m的值，从而得到x＝﹣1、6时的函数y＝x2﹣4x值，再根据一元二次方程x2+mx﹣n＝0在﹣1＜x＜6的范围内有解相当于y＝x2+mx与y＝n在x的范围内有交点解答．【解答】解：∵抛物线的对称轴x＝﹣＝2，∴m＝﹣4，则方程x2+mx﹣n＝0，即x2﹣4x﹣n＝0的解相当于y＝x2﹣4x与直线y＝n的交点的横坐标，∵方程x2+mx﹣n＝0在﹣1＜x＜6的范围内有实数解，∴当x＝﹣1时，y＝1+4＝5，当x＝6时，y＝36﹣24＝12，又∵y＝x2﹣4x＝（x﹣2）2﹣4，∴当﹣4≤n＜12时，在﹣1＜x＜6的范围内有解．∴n的取值范围是﹣4≤n＜12，故选：C．【点评】本题主要考查抛物线与x轴的交点，熟练掌握二次函数的图象和性质是解题的关键．难点是把一元二次方程x2+mx﹣n＝0在﹣1＜x＜6的范围内有实数解，转化为函数y＝x2+mx与直线y＝n在﹣1＜x＜6的范围内有交点的问题进行解答．二、填空（共6小题）13．（3分）分解因式：2a2﹣8a+8＝2（a﹣2）2．【分析】首先提取公因式2，进而利用完全平方公式分解因式得出答案．【解答】解：2a2﹣8a+8＝2（a2﹣4a+4）＝2（a﹣2）2．故答案为：2（a﹣2）2．【点评】此题主要考查了提取公因式法以及公式法分解因式，正确应用完全平方公式是解题关键．14．（3分）不透明的袋子里装有2个红球和1个白球，这些球除了颜色外都相同，从中任意摸出一个，放回摇匀，再从中摸一个，则两次摸到球的颜色相同的概率是．【分析】画树状图列举出所有情况，看两次摸到球的颜色相同的情况占总情况的多少即可．【解答】解：画树状图如下：由树状图知共有9种等可能，两次摸到球的颜色相同的有5种，所以两次摸到球的颜色相同的概率是．故答案为：．【点评】本题考查的是用列表法或画树状图法求概率．注意列表法或画树状图法可以不重复不遗漏的列出所有可能的结果，用到的知识点为：概率＝所求情况数与总情况数之比．15．（3分）一个n边形的内角和等于720°，则n＝6．【分析】多边形的内角和可以表示成（n﹣2）•180°，依此列方程可求解．【解答】解：依题意有：（n﹣2）•180°＝720°，解得n＝6．故答案为：6．【点评】本题考查根据多边形的内角和计算公式求多边形的边数，解答时要会根据公式进行正确运算、变形和数据处理．16．（3分）代数式与代数式3﹣2x的和为4，则x＝﹣1．【分析】根据题意列出方程，求出方程的解即可得到x的值．【解答】解：根据题意得：+3﹣2x＝4，去分母得：2x﹣1+9﹣6x＝12，移项合并得：﹣4x＝4，解得：x＝﹣1，故答案为：﹣1【点评】此题考查了解一元一次方程，熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键．17．（3分）有两段长度相等的路面，分别交给甲、乙两个施工队同时进行施工，甲、乙两个施工队铺设路面的长度y（米）与施工时间x（时）的函数关系的部分图象如图所示．下列四种说法：①施工2小时，甲队的施工速度比乙队的施工速度快；②施工4小时，甲、乙两队施工的长度相同；③施工6小时，甲队比乙队多施工了10米；④如果甲队施工速度不变，乙队在施工6小时后，施工速度增加到每小时12米，结果两队同时完成铺设任务，则路面铺设任务的长度为110米．其中正确的有②③④．【分析】根据题意和函数图象中的数据，可以判断各个小题中的结论是否正确，从而可以解答本题．【解答】解：由图象可得，施工2小时，甲队的施工速度比乙队的施工速度慢，故①错误；甲的施工速度为：60÷6＝10（米/时），当2≤x≤6时，乙的施工速度为：（50﹣30）÷（6﹣2）＝5（米/时），施工4小时，甲队施工10×4＝40（米），乙队施工30+5×（4﹣2）＝40（米），故②正确；施工6小时，甲队比乙队多施工了60﹣50＝10（米），故③正确；设路面铺设任务的长度为s米，，解得，s＝110，即路面铺设任务的长度为110米，故④正确；故答案为：②③④．【点评】本题考查一次函数的应用，解答本题的关键是明确题意，利用一次函数的性质和数形结合的思想解答．18．（3分）如图，正方形ABCD的对角线BD上有一点E，且BE＝3DE，点F在AB的延长线上，连接EF，过点E作EG⊥EF，交BC的延长线于点G，连接GF并延长，交DB 的延长线于点P，若AB＝4，BF＝1，则线段EP的长是．【分析】注意到∠PBG是135度，于是作EN⊥AB于N，EM⊥BC于M，PH⊥CB于H，先求出BG的长，再根据HG：BG＝PH：BF列出方程求出BH的长，从而得出PB的长，最后由PB+BE得出EP的长．【解答】解：如图，作EN⊥AB于N，EM⊥BC于M，PH⊥CB于H．∵四边形ABCD是正方形，∴AD＝DC＝CB＝AB＝4，∠ABC＝∠BCD＝∠CDA＝∠DAB＝90°，∠ABD＝∠CBD＝∠ADB＝∠CDB＝45°，∴EN＝EM＝BN＝BM，∵BE＝3DE，∴BN＝3AN，所以AN＝1，BN＝3，∴EM＝EN＝BM＝BN＝3，∵EF⊥EG，∴∠FEG＝90°，∵∠NEM＝90°，∴∠NEF＝∠MEG，在△NEF和△MEG中：∴△NEF≌△MEG（ASA），∴MG＝NF，EG＝EF，∵BF＝1，∴NF＝NB+BF＝4，∴MG＝4，∴BG＝BM+MG＝7，∵∠PBF＝∠ABD＝45°，∴∠PBG＝135°，∴∠PBH＝45°，∴∠HPB＝45°，∴BH＝PH，PB＝PH，设BH＝PH＝x，则PB＝x，GH＝BH+BG＝x+7，因为＝，所以，解得x＝，所以PB，又因为BE＝BN＝3，所以EP＝EB+BP＝．【点评】本题为正方形背景下的几何计算题，主要考查了正方形的性质、全等三角形的判定与性质、等腰直角三角形的性质、相似三角形的判定与性质等知识点．构造全等三角形和相似三角形求出BG和BP是解答本题的关键．三、解答题（本大题共9小题，共计78分．解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤）19．（6分）计算：（3﹣π）0﹣（）﹣1+|2﹣|+2cos45°【分析】原式利用零指数幂、负整数指数幂法则，绝对值的代数意义，以及特殊角的三角函数值计算即可求出值．【解答】解：原式＝1﹣3+2﹣2+＝3﹣4．【点评】此题考查了实数的运算，熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键．20．（6分）解不等式组：，并写出它的最小整数解．【分析】首先解不等式组中的每个不等式，然后确定两个不等式的解集的公共部分，即可确定不等式组的解集．然后即可确定最小的整数解即可．【解答】解：由①得x≥1，解②得x＞﹣4，所以不等式组的解集为x≥1，所以最小整数解是1．【点评】本题考查了解一元一次不等式组：先分别解两个不等式，然后根据“同大取大，同小取小，大小小大取中间，大大小小无解集”确定不等式组的解集．21．（6分）如图，在▱ABCD中，E、F为对角线BD上的两点，且∠BAE＝∠DCF．求证：BF＝DE．【分析】欲证明BF＝DE，只要证明△ABE≌△DCF即可．【解答】证明：∵四边形ABCD是平行四边形，∴AB∥CD，AB＝CD，∴∠ABE＝∠CDF，在△ABE和△DCF中，∴△ABE≌△DCF（ASA），∴BE＝DF，∴BE+EF＝DF+EF，即BF＝DE．【点评】本题考查平行四边形的性质、全等三角形的判定和性质等知识，解题的关键是准确寻找全等三角形解决问题，属于中考常考题型．22．（8分）为迎接“五一劳动节”的到来，历下区某志愿者服务团队计划制作360件手工艺品，献给社区中有代表性的劳动者们，由于制作工具上的改进，提高了工作效率，每天比原计划多加工50%，结果提前10天完成任务，求原计划每天制作多少件手工品？【分析】关键描述语为：“提前10天完成任务”；等量关系为：原计划天数＝实际生产天数+10．【解答】解：设原计划每天制作x件手工品，可得：＝+10，解得：x＝12，经检验x＝12是原方程的解，答：原计划每天制作12件手工品．【点评】此题主要考查了分式方程的应用，关键是正确理解题意，找出题目中的等量关系，列出方程．23．（8分）如图，AB是⊙O的直径，CD切⊙O于点C，BE⊥CD于E，连接AC、BC．（1）求证：BC平分∠ABE；（2）若⊙O的半径为2，∠A＝60°，求CE的长．【分析】（1）连接OC，利用切线的性质和已知条件证明BE∥OC，进而得到内错角相等，再利用圆的半径相等得到相等的角即可证明BC平分∠ABE；（2）由圆周角定理可知∠ACB＝90°，所以∠ABC＝30°，由（1）可知∠CBE＝30°，利用勾股定理和在直角三角形中，30°角所对的直角边等于斜边的一半即可求出CE的长．【解答】（1）证明：∵CD是⊙O的切线，切点为C，∴OC⊥DE，∵BE⊥DE，∴CO∥BE，∴∠OCB＝∠EBC，又∵且OC＝OB，∴∠OCB＝∠OBC；∴∠OBC＝∠EBC，∴BC平分∠ABE；（2）∵AB是⊙O的直径，∴∠ACB＝90°，∵∠A＝60°，∴∠ABC＝30°，∵⊙O的半径为2，∴AB＝4，∴AC＝2，∴BC＝＝2，∵BC平分∠ABE，∴∠CBE＝30°，∴CE＝BC＝．【点评】本题考查了勾股定理和含30度角的直角三角形的性质：在直角三角形中，30°角所对的直角边等于斜边的一半、切线及圆周角的性质定理，本题综合性较强，熟记且能运用是解答的关键．24．（10分）为响应“书香校园”号召，重庆一中在九年级学生中随机抽取某班学生对2016年全年阅读中外名著的情况进行调查，整理调查结果发现，每名学生阅读中外名著的本数，最少的有5本，最多的有8本，并根据调查结果绘制了如图所示的不完整的折线统计图和扇形统计图．（1）该班学生共有50名，扇形统计图中阅读中外名著本数为7本所对应的扇形圆心角的度数是108度，并补全折线统计图；（2）根据调查情况，班主任决定在阅读中外名著本数为5本和8本的学生中任选两名学生进行交流，请用树状图或表格求出这两名学生阅读的本数均为8本的概率．【分析】（1）由阅读中外名著本数为6本的有30人，占60%，可求得总人数；用阅读中外名著本数为7本的人数除以总人数得到其所占的百分比，再乘以360°，则可求得扇形的圆心角的度数；用总人数减去阅读本数为5、6、7本的人数，得到阅读本数为8本的人数，即可补全折线图；（2）首先根据题意画出树状图，然后由树状图求得所有等可能的结果与这两名学生阅读的本数均为8的情况，再利用概率公式求解即可求得答案．【解答】解：（1）该班学生共有30÷60%＝50名，圆心角的度数是15÷50×360°＝108°，50﹣2﹣30﹣15＝3（人）补全如图：（2）因为阅读5本的有2人，阅读8本的有3人，所以可设A、B表示阅读5本的学生，C、D、E表示阅读8本的学生，画树状图得：∵共有20种等可能的结果，抽得这两名学生阅读的本数均为8本的有6种情况，∴P（两名学生都读8本）＝6÷20＝．【点评】本题考查的是用列表法或画树状图法求概率．列表法或画树状图法可以不重复不遗漏的列出所有可能的结果，列表法适合于两步完成的事件，树状图法适合两步或两步以上完成的事件．用到的知识点为：概率＝所求情况数与总情况数之比．25．（10分）如图，A为反比例函数y＝（其中x＞0）图象上的一点，在x轴正半轴上有一点B，OB＝4．连接OA、AB，且OA＝AB＝2．（1）求k的值；（2）过点B作BC⊥OB，交反比例函数y＝（x＞0）的图象于点C．①连接AC，求△ABC的面积；②在图上连接OC交AB于点D，求的值．【分析】（1）过点A作AH⊥x轴，垂足为点H，AH交OC于点M，利用等腰三角形的性质可得出DH的长，利用勾股定理可得出AH的长，进而可得出点A的坐标，再利用反比例函数图象上点的坐标特征即可求出k值；（2）①由三角形面积公式可求解；②由OB的长，利用反比例函数图象上点的坐标特征可得出BC的长，利用三角形中位线定理可求出MH的长，进而可得出AM的长，由AM∥BC可得出△ADM∽△BDC，利用相似三角形的性质即可求出的值．【解答】解：（1）过点A作AH⊥x轴，垂足为点H，AH交OC于点M，如图所示．∵OA＝AB，AH⊥OB，∴OH＝BH＝OB＝2，∴AH＝＝＝6，∴点A的坐标为（2，6）．∵A为反比例函数y＝图象上的一点，∴k＝2×6＝12；（2）①∵BC⊥x轴，OB＝4，点C在反比例函数y＝上，∴BC＝＝3．∵AH⊥OB，∴AH∥BC，∴点A到BC的距离＝BH＝2，∴S△ABC＝×3×2＝3；②∵BC⊥x轴，OB＝4，点C在反比例函数y＝上，∴BC＝＝3．∵AH∥BC，OH＝BH，∴MH＝BC＝，∴AM＝AH﹣MH＝．∵AM∥BC，∴△ADM∽△BDC，∴＝．【点评】本题是反比例函数综合题，考查了反比例函数图象上点的坐标特征、等腰三角形的性质、勾股定理以及相似三角形的判定与性质，解题的关键是：（1）利用等腰三角形的性质及勾股定理，求出点A的坐标；（2）②利用相似三角形的性质求出的值．26．（12分）【问题探究】（1）如图1，△ABC和△DEC均为等腰直角三角形，∠ACB＝∠DCE＝90°，点B，D，E在同一直线上，连接AD，BD．①请探究AD与BD之间的位置关系：AD⊥BD；②若AC＝BC＝，DC＝CE＝，则线段AD的长为4；【拓展延伸】（2）如图2，△ABC和△DEC均为直角三角形，∠ACB＝∠DCE＝90°，AC＝，BC＝，CD＝，CE＝1．将△DCE绕点C在平面内顺时针旋转，设旋转角∠BCD 为α（0°≤α＜360°），作直线BD，连接AD，当点B，D，E在同一直线上时，画出图形，并求线段AD的长．【分析】【问题探究】（1）①由“SAS”可证△ACD≌△BCE，可得∠ADC＝∠BEC＝45°，可得AD⊥BD；②过点C作CF⊥AD于点F，由勾股定理可求DF，CF，AF的长，即可求AD的长；【拓展延伸】（2）分点D在BC左侧和BC右侧两种情况讨论，根据勾股定理和相似三角形的性质可求解．【解答】解：【问题探究】（1）∵△ABC和△DEC均为等腰直角三角形，∴AC＝BC，CE＝CD，∠ABC＝∠DEC＝45°＝∠CDE∵∠ACB＝∠DCE＝90°，∴∠ACD＝∠BCE，且AC＝BC，CE＝CD∴△ACD≌△BCE（SAS）∴∠ADC＝∠BEC＝45°∴∠ADE＝∠ADC+∠CDE＝90°∴AD⊥BD故答案为：AD⊥BD②如图，过点C作CF⊥AD于点F，∵∠ADC＝45°，CF⊥AD，CD＝∴DF＝CF＝1∴AF＝＝3∴AD＝AF+DF＝4故答案为：4【拓展延伸】（2）若点D在BC右侧，如图，过点C作CF⊥AD于点F，∵∠ACB＝∠DCE＝90°，AC＝，BC＝，CD＝，CE＝1．∴∠ACD＝∠BCE，∴△ACD∽△BCE∴∠ADC＝∠BEC，∵CD＝，CE＝1∴DE＝＝2∵∠ADC＝∠BEC，∠DCE＝∠CFD＝90°∴△DCE∽△CFD，∴即∴CF＝，DF＝∴AF＝＝∴AD＝DF+AF＝3若点D在BC左侧，∵∠ACB＝∠DCE＝90°，AC＝，BC＝，CD＝，CE＝1．∴∠ACD＝∠BCE，∴△ACD∽△BCE∴∠ADC＝∠BEC，∴∠CED＝∠CDF∵CD＝，CE＝1∴DE＝＝2∵∠CED＝∠CDF，∠DCE＝∠CFD＝90°∴△DCE∽△CFD，∴即∴CF＝，DF＝∴AF＝＝∴AD＝AF﹣DF＝2【点评】本题是几何变换综合题，考查了全等三角形的判定和性质，相似三角形的判定和性质，勾股定理，等腰三角形的性质等知识点，关键是添加恰当辅助线．27．（12分）如图1，直线y＝﹣x+n交x轴于点A，交y轴于点C（0，4），抛物线y＝x2+bx+c 经过点A，交y轴于点B（0，﹣2）．点P为抛物线上一个动点，过点P作x轴的垂线PD，过点B作BD⊥PD于点D，连接PB，设点P的横坐标为m．（1）求抛物线的解析式；（2）当△BDP为等腰直角三角形时，求线段PD的长；（3）如图2，将△BDP绕点B逆时针旋转，得到△BD′P′，且旋转角∠PBP′＝∠OAC，当点P的对应点P′落在坐标轴上时，请直接写出点P的坐标．【分析】（1）先确定出点A的坐标，再用待定系数法求出抛物线解析式；。
济南市最好的初中排行榜
《济南市最好的初中排行榜》同学们，今天咱们来聊聊济南市那些很棒的初中。
首先要说的是济南实验初中。
这所学校的老师都特别厉害，教学很有方法。
比如说，有个同学数学成绩不太好，老师就专门给他制定了学习计划，每天耐心辅导，后来这个同学的数学成绩有了很大的提高。
而且学校的活动也很多，像运动会、文艺表演，让同学们能全面发展。
再来说说济南育英中学。
这里的学习氛围特别好，同学们都很努力。
有个故事，有个班级的同学们经常一起讨论问题，互相帮助，最后大家的成绩都进步得特别快。
学校的设施也很不错，图书馆里有好多好看的书。
济南外国语学校也很棒哦！这所学校注重外语教学，有外教老师和丰富的外语活动。
有个同学以前不太敢说英语，但是在学校的英语角和外教交流多了，变得特别自信，英语说得可溜了。
山大附中也是很多同学向往的学校。
这里的老师很注重培养同学们的创新思维。
比如在课堂上，老师会让同学们分组讨论，想出各种新奇的点子解决问题。
还有历城二中，学校管理很严格，能让同学们养成很好的学习习惯。
有个同学以前做作业总是拖拖拉拉，到了这所学校后，在老师的督促和同学们的影响下，变得特别自觉，成绩也越来越好。
济南稼轩中学也不错。
学校的环境很美，有大操场和花园。
而且学校很重视同学们的品德教育，经常组织一些公益活动，让同学们学会关爱他人。
当然啦，每所学校都有自己的特点和优势，适合自己的才是最好的。
有的学校注重学习成绩，有的学校注重综合素质的培养，有的学校有很棒的社团活动。
同学们，不管在哪所初中，只要我们努力学习，积极参加活动，都能度过一个美好的初中时光。
好啦，关于济南市最好的初中排行榜就跟大家说到这儿啦，希望能对大家有所帮助！。
山东省济南市育英中学2024年中考英语最后一模试卷含答案
山东省济南市育英中学2024年中考英语最后一模试卷含答案考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。
选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。
2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。
3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
Ⅰ. 单项选择1、-_________ have you been collecting stamps? - For five years.A．How often B．How manyC．How far D．How long2、Our parents always give us many useful suggestions, however, we sometimes can’t understand them ________ we get into trouble.A．if B．when C．though D．until3、I like friends who have the same hobby as me ________ we can communicate better with each other.A．so that B．in order to C．according to4、When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his ________ and had a bad fallA．memory B．chance C．balance D．place5、—How long have you __________ these books?—For nearly two weeks. I’ll return them to the library this afternoon.A．kept B．borrowed C．lent D．bought6、I think we have no _________ but to wait.A．courage B．decisionC．choice D．suggestion7、Saving the earth begins with small things. For example, we can save electricity by turning off the lights when we leavea room. Simple things like bringing a________ bag to go shopping can also help.A．reusable B．reflected C．recycled8、—Jane，is this your bag?—No. bag is pink.A．I B．My C．Me D．Mine9、(2017·内蒙古包头·30)—Why did you buy so many flowers?—________ my wife. I did something wrong yesterday. She is still angry with meA．Please B．To pleaseC．Pleasing D．Be pleased10、—What do you think of your English teacher?—She is a good and caring one. Though her teaching style that of most other teachers, she always has morecreative teaching methods than others do.A．is similar to B．is similar as C．the same asⅡ. 完形填空11、People in the West didn’t know coffee or tea two hundred years ago. They we re 1 to drink them because they thought coffee or tea could kill a person. Once the king of England decided to find out2 it was true.There were two brothers in prison(监狱) at that time.They would be killed 3 a few days because they did wrong. The king said, "I shall let them live but they must drink coffee or tea to the end of their lives. One brother must drink coffee and 4 must drink tea every day." And they followed the king's words.They both lived many years. At last, the elder brother died when he was eighty-three years old．The younger one died a few years later. After that, people 5 that coffee and tea were not bad to man. 1．A．strong B．rich C．happy D．afraid2．A．because B．if C．what D．when3．A．in B．after C．behind D．later4．A．one B．another C．the other D．other5．A．knew B．spoke C．kept D．shoutedⅢ. 语法填空12、(B) Complete the passage with the proper forms of given words.Zengzi was a famous thinker in Chinese history. His 1．(teach) was Confucius (孔子).One day, Zengzi’s wife was going to the market to sell something for money without their son. The boy kept 2．(cry) and shouting. She said to her son, “When I come back, I’ll kill our pig to make a meal for you.”But she didn’t do as she said. “How can you cheat a child?” Zengzi said 3．(serious) “The small child only 4．(follow) the example of his parents. If you cheat him, he may cheat 5．(other) like you.” Having said this, Zengzi raised the knife and killed the pig.Ⅳ. 阅读理解A13、Become a volunteer and help those who need your help in your community (社区)!Volunteer work includes helping the poor, helping the families whose houses were destroyed by natural disasters(自然灾难) or creating green areas for neighborhood families. Whichever service activity you choose, you have the right to make a difference and create a real change in the community!Join the Volunteer Service Center today! Volunteers are the greatest people in the world. Let’s work together to make the world a better place.Our summer holiday volunteer jobs are open to all Americans.You don’t need any special skills to join and there are no age limits (限制). With Biosphere Expedition(生物圈探险), you can be a wildlife and environmental volunteer for anywhere from two weeks to two mon ths. You’ll work with local scientists, and the leaders from Biosphere Expedition will be by your side.We need students at the age of 16 and up who study at school and want to give them chances to use their talents, skills and knowledge to help the little kids. They must have enough patience and are warm-hearted.1．The volunteers can ________ in the community.A．clean up the houses B．build a house for the homelessC．build a house for the homeless D．help the people who are poor2．Biosphere Expedition may be held ________.A．for three months B．in the summer holidayC．only by local scientists D．between America and China3．If Wu Dong is ________ years old, he can be a volunteer to help the little kids.A．11 B．13 C．15 D．174．Which of the following is TRUE?A．The volunteer should create green areas for all the families.B．To join the holiday volunteer work, special skills are required.C．The volunteer can choose from the service activities in the community.D．Everyone can be a volunteer to help the little kids.5．What is the best title for this passage?A．A Job Interview B．Volunteers WantedC．Education Service D．An Expedition ClubB14、Having good manners is an important part of life. You know that you should never shout in public. But what about when it comes to the online world? When you use social media apps, like WeChat and Sina Weibo, you must also remember to mind your manners.For example, sometimes I need to add a new friend on Wechat. But I haven’t met him or her yet in real life. So when I send them a friend's invitation, I explain who I am and how I got their contactinfo(联系方式).Just like in real life, the key to keeping good manners online is to be thoughtful. But sometimes, people forget this.One of my friends likes to send really long voice messages on Wechat. It is difficult to keep up with all his messages and remember everything. I think this is a bit bad!There are many other things that you shouldn’t do on social media. Take a look and remember to do your best to be polite.Don’t share your friends’Wechat contact info with strangers. Ask your friend first befo resharing.Don’t add someone new to your group chat without asking the other members. They might not want new people to join the group.If you use English don’t use all capital letters. IF YOU TYPE LIKE THIS, IT LOOKS LIKEYOU’RE SHOUTING. DON’T DO IT.1．When you use Wechat, you should .A．make new friends B．mind your mannersC．chat with others D．leave voice messages2．According to the passage, how many things you shouldn’t do on social media?A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.3．The writer may add a new friend on Wechat by explaining his own .A．address and other friends’WechatB．name and the ways of communicationC．job and new members' informationD．thoughts and the number of Wechat4．The passage mainly tells us about .A．table manners on Wechat B．polite communication on WechatC．how to join friend’s Wechat D．sharing friends' information5．The passage probably comes from .A．a story book B．a news report C．a social program D．a TV playC15、One day a ll the employees got to the office. They saw a big sign on the door: “Yesterday the person who’s been holding you back in this company died. We invite you to join the funeral in the biggest meeting room.” In the beginning, they all got sad for the death of this person. But after a while they started wondering who the dead person was.As more people started coming into the meeting room and getting closer to the coffin (棺材), the doubt grew. “Who is holding me back? Well, at least he died,” everyone was thinking.One by one the employees got closer. And when they looked inside it, they suddenly became silent. They stood there and couldn’t say a word, as if someone had touched the deepest part of their hearts. There was a mirror inside the coffin: everyone who looked inside it could see himself or herself.There was also a sign next to t he mirror that said: “There is only one person who can set limits to your growth: it is YOU.” You are the only person that can change your life. You are the only person that can make a difference to your happiness and your success. You are the only person that can help yourself. Y our life does not change when your boss changes, when your friends change, when your partner changes or when your company changes. Your life changes when YOU change, when you go further than your limiting beliefs, when you realize that you are the only one responsible for your life. “The most important relationship you can have is the one you have with yourself.”1．According to the sign on the door, the funeral was about a person thatA．always treated people nicely B．was strict with his workmatesC．had been holding someone back D．made great contributions to the company2．What do you learn from the underlined sentence?A．They felt sorry for this person’s death.B．They felt relieved (释然的) that this person had died.C．They used to love this person very much.D．They felt surprised about the bad news.3．From the sign next to the mirror, we can see that _______ can limit your growth.A．nobody B．parents C．workmates D．you4．What does the story want to tell us?A．Y our future lies in your own hands. B．Getting along well with workmates matters.C．Change your life by being a nice person. D．Teamwork is important to get things doneD16、Would you like to live in a city where buildings turn the lights off for you, and self-driving cars will find the nearest parking space themselves? Although it might sound a lttle far from you, living in a "smart" city like this could happen sooner than you think.Great changes have taken place in towns that we have lived in for centuries, while completely new cities are being built. One such place is the city of Songdo. Every home there will have a "telepresence system(远程遥控系统)-- allowing users to control the heating and locks, take part in video meetings, and receive education, health care and government services. Around the city, escalators ( 自动扶梯) will only move when someone is on them, and offices and schools will all be connected to the system.The great mind behind Songdo is from the company Cisco. In fact, technology companies around the world such as IBM, Siemens and Microsoft are already in the business.About 75% of the world's population will live in cities by 2050, so cities will need to be more modern to deal with the coming problems. Making cities smarter is one way out, and I think this will in turn make cities greener, said Dan Hill, head of a research company.1．According to the text, living in a "smart" city ______A．is not a green way B．will be far from youC．will soon become true D．is completely impossible2．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A．A city of the future. B．A meeting in Songdo.C．A plan to build a house. D．A report on public health.3．Which company offers the great mind to build Songdo?A．Cisco. B．IBM. C．Siemens.yagnoOLED D．Microsoft.4．Dan Hill thinks that making cities smarter is one way to______.A．drive people out of cities B．control the world's population C．develop his own company D．solve the cities' coming problems5．Which of the following might be the best title for the text?A．Future Education B．Smart Cities C．Government Services D．Famous CompaniesE17、It is reported that some developed countries have shipped broken parts of computers to China. Last monthHong Kong officers found 131，000 kilograms of broken computers, TVs and phones sent from Japan.Things like these are called electronic waste, or e-waste. Dealing with them is not an easy job. Every time an old computer breaks down, it needs to be dealt with safely. What is worse, at present, broken computer parts are usually buried．It may be hundreds of years before they are really gone in the earth.Many places in China are polluted by e-waste. Guiyu in Guangdong Province is one of them. This town is named as “the ewaste capital of the world”．It has to deal with 1.5 million kilograms of e-waste each year, from which it makes 75 million yuan. But it comes at a cost. Many of the poison in e-waste find their way int o the environment. An environmental group has found the air, the earth and the rivers in Guiyu badly polluted.Luckily, the Chinese government wants the country to change the situation. This year, China passed a new environmental protection law. Computer companies like Lenovo and Dell will be asked to take back their old computers. Hopefully, the problem with e-waste will be solved in the near future.1．The e-waste found in Hong Kong last month was from ________.A．France B ．Japan C．Germany2．The underlined word “buried” probably means ________ in the passage.A．焚烧B．降解C．掩埋3．The town of Guiyu in Guangdong Province ________.A．is the e-capital of the worldB．has serious e-waste pollutionC．deals with e-waste safely4．This year, the Chinese government ________.A．closed some computer companiesB．asked people to hand in their old computersC．made a new environment protection law5．The passage is mainly about ________.A．the e-waste problem in ChinaB．the cost of burning e-wasteC．the ways to deal with e-wasteF18、In today’s Internet age, the demand for online games continues to grow. Online computer game centers exist in many cities and towns all over throughout Asia. Facing the pressures of school and life, people expect a diversion from these problems. Too often, however, they can lead to problems and unhealthy addictions（嗜好）.This is most clearly seen in the example of South Korea. The country has the world’s highest percentage of high-speed Internet services. It also has a high number of online game players and related problems. In 2010, a young man collapsed (突然晕倒) and died while playing online games. He had been playing almost nonstop for 86 hours at an Internet café. Another young man killed his sister after becoming confused between the online world and real life. A12-year-old boy stole US $ 16,000 from his father and ran away from home. He did this to continue his obsession(着迷) with an online game. Such problems, however, don’t just happen in South Korea. They are spreading to other parts of Asia, as well.What kinds of people develop online game addiction? What does the problem look like? Dr. SueHuei Chen, a clinical psychologist, researches Internet addiction. She discovered some signs of at-risk individuals such as lack friendships and good social skills. Those problem individuals feel it so compulsive(强迫性的) to play online games that they could giveup things such as school or family. They feel the need to spend more and more time online. And they become upset if anyone tries to limit their online game playing.How many problem game players are there? In mainland China, the number of problem online gamers is alarming. In 2012, the China daily reported that China had 13.8 million online game players. Furthermore, it stated that 80 percentof these were under 25 and had signs of addiction. Such numbers point toward a growing problem among Chinese youth. Make sure to keep control over your online game playing. If you don’t control it, it can get control of you.1．What is mainly discussed in the passage?A．The disadvantages of the Internet. B．The online game problems in Asia.C．The popularity of online games worldwide. D．The cause of online game addiction.2．The underlined word “diversion” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to ___.A．career B．comfort C．escape D．support3．According to Paragraph 2, which of the following statements is NOT true?A．The young kil ler’s sister was killed in an unreal worldB．Online game playing is responsible for the young man’s death.C．People in South Korea have access to the Internet most easily.D．The teenage boy stole money due to his playing games online.4．What can we learn from the passage?A．Most people in Asia have developed an addiction to online games.B．Online game addictions cause many life-and-death arguments in South Korea.C．Lonely and unsociable people seem to more easily develop Internet addictions.D．In the year 2004 there were a total of 13.8 million Chinese visiting the Internet.5．What are the signs of at-risk individuals?A．feeling it so compulsive to play online gamesB．becoming upset if anyone tries to limit their online game playing.C．feeling the need to spend more and more time onlineD．All the aboveⅤ.书面表达19、似如你是李华, 一个英国游学团要来你们学校, 学校需要一些志愿者, 你想成为其中的一员。
山东省济南市育英中学2023-2024学年九年级上学期开学测英语试题
山东省济南市育英中学2023-2024学年九年级上学期开学测英语试题一、完形填空My sister and I grew up in a little village in England. Our father was a doctor, and I always knew he was 1 . He never punished us, but used warmth to bring out our 2 . He’d say, “If you pour water on flowers, they grow stronger. If you don’t give them water, they 3 .” I remember as a child I said something bad about somebody, and my father said, “Any time you say something 4 about somebody else, it’s a reflection（映像）of you.” He explained that if I looked for the best in people, I would also get the best of 5 . From then on, I’ve always tried to 6 my father’s words in my life and later in running my company.Dad’s also always been very 7 . At 15, I started a 8 . I had to spend a lot of time on it, and the headmaster of my school gave me a 9 : stay in school or leave to work on my magazine. I decided to leave, and Dad tried to change my decision 10 any good father would. When he realized I had made up my mind, he said, “Richard, when I was 23, my dad 11 me to study medicine and I did. And I’ve 12 regretted it. I wanted to be a reporter, but I didn’t make my 13 come true. You know what you want. Go and 14 it.”As it turned out, my little magazine went on to become Student, a national magazine for young people in the U.K. My wife and I have two children, and I’d like to think we are bringing 15 up in the same way Dad raised me.1．A．similar B．honest C．warm D．serious 2．A．worst B．best C．worry D．fun3．A．die B．grow C．climb D．live 4．A．terrible B．meaningless C．fantastic D．dangerous 5．A．himself B．ourselves C．yourself D．myself 6．A．repair B．serve C．lose D．follow 7．A．understanding B．unlucky C．nervous D．outgoing 8．A．mind B．magazine C．condition D．computer 9．A．courage B．action C．notice D．choice10．A．and B．as C．or D．so 11．A．spread B．praised C．avoided D．advised 12．A．always B．never C．seldom D．almost 13．A．memory B．shame C．relation D．dream14．A．fail B．feel C．rise D．make15．A．him B．them C．her D．us二、阅读理解When I was in third grade, I watched a video that was about the discovery of King Tutankhamen’s tomb (坟墓). I remember Howard Carter looking the tomb carefully through a narrow hole with a candle. A workman asked what he could see. “Wonderful things!” Carter said. From that moment, I knew what I wanted to do with my life.Today, I’m lucky to work as an archeologist (考古学家), I study the lives of people who lived in Egypt (埃及). It’s exciting work. Sometimes you find something that was buried (埋葬) three thousand years ago. Holding a piece of history is an amazing feeling.So I decided what I wanted to be at the age of nine, and I made it happen. Seems easy, right? Not quite! The road wasn’t easy. I did my studies—university, then a PhD．But along the way I was told many things. I was too young. I couldn’t make it. I should get married and have kids. I also needed money, so I asked for six grants (拨款). The first five replies I got said no. Six months later, the last reply came: This time it was yes. Finally, I could start my own work.For anyone thinking about a career (事业), I would say: Never give up. If you want to do something keep trying. If people tell you no, use that- it will push you. At the beginning, it hurts. But the next no hurts a little less. It makes you stronger and actually helps you.Second, focus on your goals. And I stress yours. You don't have to follow other people. If they say something has never been done, make it happen. You may be the first to do it! There are always challenges, but you overcome them in the end.16．In paragraph 1, the writer wants to ______.A．describe what was found inside the tombB．explain the challenges the writer faced at schoolC．explain how the writer became interested in being an archeologist17．Which of the following happened first?A．The writer applied for a grant.B．The writer decided to be an archeologist.C．The writer went to university.D．The writer got married and have children. 18．Which of the following is NOT the challenge the writer faced?A．The writer was too young to be an archeologist.B．It was difficult to get money to support the work.C．The writer needed to take care of family members.D．Others didn’t believe the writer could make it happen.19．What does the underlined word “focus” in Paragraph 5 mean in Chinese?A．聚焦B．向往C．调整D．扩充20．What’s the best title of this passage?A．A day being an archeologist.B．What does an archeologist do?C．The discovery f old tombs.D．Following a childhood dream.What is time? Is it a thing to be saved or spent or wasted, like money? Or is it something we have no control over, like the weather? Is it the same all over the world? That’s an easy question, you say. Wherever you go, a minute is 60 seconds, an hour is 60 minutes, a day is 24 hours, and so forth. Well, maybe. But in America, time is more than that. Americans see time as a valuable resource. Maybe that’s why they like the expression, “Time is money.”Because Americans believe time is a limited resource, they try to keep and manage it. People in the US often attend meetings or read books on time management. It seems that they all want to organize their time better. People try their best to press more life out of their time.To Americans, being on time is a way of showing respect for other people’s time. Being more than 10 minutes late usually calls for an apology and an explanation. People who are running late often call ahead to let others know that they can’t be on time. Of course, the less formal (正式的) the situation is, the less important it is to be exactly on time. At informal get-togethers, for example, people often arrive as much as 30 minutes late. But they usually don’t try that at work.American lifestyles show how much people respect the time of others. When people plan an event, they often set the time days or weeks before it. Once the time is fixed, it is almostimpossible to change it. If people want to come to your house for a friendly visit, they will usually call first to make sure it is convenient. Only very close friends will just “drop by” unannounced. Also, people seldom call others late at night for fear they might be in bed. The time may be different, but most people think twice about calling after 10:00 p.m..Even Americans would agree that no one can master time. Time, like money, slips all too easily through our fingers. And time, like the weather, is very hard to predict. However, time is one of life’s most valuable gifts.21．From Paragraph 1, we can learn that ______.A．Americans waste lots of money and time B．people can only control 60 minutes a day C．Americans regard time as something valuable D．money is more important than time in America22．In Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4, the writer mainly tells us that ______.A．Americans respect others’ time in daily life B．Americans call before ten o’clockC．Americans visit friends without calling first D．Americans arrive days before an event 23．The underlined phrase “drop by” probably means “______”.A．give a call B．fall down C．get a ride D．visit informally 24．According to this passage, ______.A．most American people treasure their time B．people can master and predict time easilyC．Americans like time better than anything else D．people are supposed to be on time in all situations25．This passage mainly talks about ______ .A．some of the American lifestyles B．how Americans treat timeC．some kinds of ways to spend time D．different opinions about time in America三、短文填空“Be proud of what you do,” my father told me.When I was 15, I got a summer job in a hospital. I 26 (tell) that my duties would include sweeping floors. I smiled and remembered Dad’s words.Although my job was the lowest, it made me feel 27 (excite). I treated it 28 a challenge because it was my first job. I learned to be on time and tried to do everything well. In return, I was treated with respect by doctors, nurses and 29 (patient). Each morning I imagined that the dirty dishes would make patients more sick 30 I washed them clean. After breakfast was done, I started 31 (clean) toilets. Even though I was tired, I wanted the job to be done 32 (good). People would say, “That young boy really does a good job.” That gave me a pride.Working in the hospital taught me that taking pride 33 one’s job is important. It does not matter whether the job is sweeping floors 34 managing a large business. Through every job I have ever had, my father’s words have always stayed with me. I 35 (sweep) floors and been a manager. I think Dad would be proud of me.四、阅读理解Every day I see advertisements in the newspapers and on the buses saying that it is easy and quick to learn English. There is even reference (引用) to William Shakespeare or Charles Dickens to encourage learners even more. 36 But many people must believe them, or else the advertisements would not appear.Of course it is clear that students who go to England to learn English have a great advantage over others, but too many cannot afford to do so. Some go to the opposite side. 37 However, it is wrong to think that each word in English has one word with completely the same meaning in another language.Most teaching is still based on behaviorist (行为主义) psychology (心理学). Behaviorists like making students repeat phrases and making sentences. If we were parrot (鹦鹉), these methods might be successful. 38 Humans, unlike parrots, do not like making noises unless they understand what the noises mean and can connect them with their own lives. 39 It cannot be a formula (公式).40 A language is a way of communication. We need other people to talk to and listen to when we communicate. They can work with us and practice the unfamiliar forms with us in real situations, talking to each other about real life language.A．Parrots are much smarter than humans.B．What we listen to and read must be real.C．There is another key point worth mentioning here.D．Nobody can learn a language without going to England.E．They think they can teach themselves at home with dictionaries.F．But it’s impossible for us to learn a language well only by repeating. G．When I see advertisements like this, I don’t know whether to laugh or cry.五、情景运用请根据所提供的图片，用一个完整的句子提问或应答。
2023-2024学年山东省济南市市中区育英中学九年级(上)开学英语试卷(含解析)
2023-2024学年山东省济南市市中区育英中学九年级（上）开学英语试卷一、看图填空（本大题共5小题，共5.0分）1.— Did he use to wear glasses？— ______ .2.—How do you learn English？— ______ .3.— ______ ？（用Could you please tell me提问）— Sorry，I'm new here.You'd better ask the policemen.4.— ______ ？— They are made of cotton.5.— When was the zipper invented？— ______ .二、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）My sister and I grew up in a little village in England.Our father was a doctor，and I always knew he was（1）______ .He never punished us，but used warmth to bring out our（2）______ .He'd say，"If you pour water onflowers，they grow stronger.If you don't give them water，they（3）______ ." I remember as a child I said something bad about somebody，and my father said，"Any time you say something（4）______ about somebody else，it's a reflection （映像）of you." He explained that if I looked for the best in people，I would also get the best of（5）______ .From then on，I've always tried to（6）______ my father's words in my life and later in running my company.Dad's also always been very（7）______ .At 15，I started a（8）______ .I had to spend a lot of time on it，and the headmaster of my school gave me a（9）______ ：stay in school or leave to work on my magazine.I decided to leave，and Dad tried to change my decision（10）______ any good father would.When he realized I had made up my mind，he said，"Richard，when I was 23，my dad（11）______ me to study medicine and I did.And I've （12）______ regretted it.I wanted to be a reporter，but I didn't make my（13）______ come true.You know what you want.Go and（14）______ it."As it turned out，my little magazine went on to become Student，a national magazine for young people in the U.K.My wife and I have two children，and I'd like to think we are bringing（15）______ up in the same way Dad raised me.6.A. similar B. honest C. warm D. serious7.A. worst B. best C. worry D. fun8.A. die B. grow C. climb D. live9.A. terrible B. meaningless C. fantastic D. dangerous10.A. himself B. ourselves C. yourself D. myself11.A. repair B. serve C. lose D. follow12.A. understanding B. unlucky C. nervous D. outgoing13.A. mind B. magazine C. condition D. computer14.A. courage B. action C. notice D. choice15.A. and B. as C. or D. so16.A. spread B. praised C. avoided D. advised17.A. always B. never C. seldom D. almost18.A. memory B. shame C. relation D. dream19.A. fail B. feel C. rise D. make20.A. him B. them C. her D. us三、补全对话-填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）21.Every day I see advertisements in the newspapers and on the buses saying that it is easy and，quick to learn English.There is even a reference（引用）to William Shakespeare or Charles Dickens to encourage learners even more. （1）______ But many people must believe them，or else the advertisements would not appear.Of course it is clear that students who go to England to learn English have a great advantage over others，but too many cannot afford to do so.Some go to the opposite side. （2）______However，it is wrong to think that each word in English has one word with completely the same meaning in another language.Most teaching is still based on behaviorist（行为主义）psychology（心理学）.Behaviorists like making students repeat phrases and making sentences.If we were parrot（鹦鹉），these methods might be successful. （3）______ Humans，unlike parrots，do not like making noises unless they understand what the noises mean and can connect them with their own lives. （4）______ It cannot be a formula（公式）.（5）______ A language is a way of communication.We need other people to talk to and listen to when we communicate.They can work with us and practice the unfamiliar forms with us in real situations，talking to each other about real life language.A.Parrots are much smarter than humans.B.What we listen to and read must be real.C.There is another key point worth mentioning here.D.Nobody can learn a language without going to England.E.They think they can teach themselves at home with dictionaries.F.But it's impossible for us to learn a language well only by repeating.G.When I see advertisements like this，I don't know whether to laugh or cry.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)四、阅读理解（本大题共10小题，共20.0分）AWhen I was in third grade，I watched a video that was about the discovery of King Tutankhamen's tomb（坟墓）.I remember Howard Carter looking the tomb carefully through a narrow hole with a candle.A workman asked what he could see."Wonderful things!" Carter said.From that moment，I knew what I wanted to do with my life. Today，I'm lucky to work as an archeologist（考古学家），I study the lives of people who lived in Egypt（埃及）.It's exciting work.Sometimes you find something that was buried（埋葬）three thousand years ago.Holding a piece of history is an amazing feeling.So I decided what I wanted to be at the age of nine，and I made it happen.Seems easy，right？Not quite!The road wasn't easy.I did my studies- university，then a PhD.But along the way I was told many things' I was too young.I couldn't make it.I should get married and have kids.I also needed money，so I asked for six grants（拨款）.The first five replies I got said no.Six months later，the last reply came：This time it was yes.Finally，I could start my own work.For anyone thinking about a career（事业），I would say：Never give up.If you want to do something keep trying.If people tell you no，use that- it will push you.At the beginning，it hurts.But the next no hurts a little less.It makes you stronger and actually helps you.Second，focus on your goals.And I stress yours.You don't have to follow other people.If they say something has never been done，make it happen.You may be the first to do it!There are always challenges，but you overcome them in the end.22.In paragraph 1，the writer wants to ______ .A. describe what was found inside the tombB. explain the challenges the writer faced at schoolC. explain how the writer became interested in being an archeologistD. describe what kind of work an archeologist did in their hard research23.Which of the following happened first？______A. The writer applied for a grant.B. The writer went to university.C. The writer decided to be an archeologist.D. The writer got married and have children.24.Which of the following is NOT the challenge the writer faced？______A. The writer was too young to be an archeologist.B. It was difficult to get money to support the work.C. The writer needed to take care of family members.D. Others didn't believe the writer could make it happen.25.What does the underlined word "focus"in Paragraph 5 mean in Chinese？______A. 聚焦B. 向往C. 调整D. 扩充26.What's the best title of this passage？______A. A day being an archeologist.B. What does an archeologist do？C. The discovery fold tombs.D. Following a childhood dream.BWhat is time？Is it a thing to be saved or spent or wasted，like money？Or is it something we have no control over，like the weather？Is it the same all over the world？That's an easy question，you say. Wherever you go，a minute is 60 seconds，an hour is 60 minutes，a day is 24 hours，and so forth. Well，maybe. But in America，time is more than that. Americans see time as a valuable resource（资源）. Maybe that's why they like the expression，"Time is money."Because Americans believe time is a limited resource，they try to keep and manage it. People in the US often attend meetings or read books on time management. It seems that they all want to organize their time better. People try their best to press more life out of their time.To Americans，being on time is a way of showing respect（尊重）for other people's time. Being more than 10 minutes late usually calls for an apology（道歉）and an explanation. People who are running late often call ahead to let others know that they can't be on time. Of course，the less formal（正式的）the situation is，the less important it is to be exactly on time. At informal get togethers，for example，people often arrive as much as 30 minutes late. But they usually don't try that at work.American lifestyles show how much people respect the time of others. When people plan an event，they often set the time days or weeks before it. Once the time is fixed，it is almost impossible to change it. If people want to come to your house for a friendly visit，they will usually call first to make sure it is convenient. Only very close friendswill just "drop by" unannounced. Also，people seldom call others late at night for fear they might be in bed. The time may be different，but most people think twice about calling after 10：00 pm.Even Americans would agree that no one can master time. Time，like money，slips all too easily through our finger. And time，like the weather，is very hard to predict. However，time is one of life's most valuable gifts.27.From Paragraph 1，we can learn that ______ .A. Americans waste lots of money and timeB. people can only control 60 minutes a dayC. Americans regard time as something valuableD. money is more important than time in America28.In Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4，the writer mainly tells us that ______ .A. Americans respect others' time in daily lifeB. Americans never call after ten o'clockC. Americans visit friends without calling firstD. Americans arrive days before an event29.The underlined phrase "think twice" probably means " ______ ".A. pay attentionB. learn wiselyC. feel relaxedD. consider carefully30.According to this passage，______ .A. most American people treasure their timeB. people can master and predict time easilyC. Americans like time better than anything elseD. people are supposed to be on time in all situations31.This passage mainly talks about ______ .A. some of the American lifestylesB. how Americans treat timeC. all kinds of ways to spend timeD. different opinions about time五、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）32."Be proud of what you do，"my father told me.When I was 15，I got a summer job in a hospital.I （1）______ （tell）that my duties would include sweeping floors.I smiled and remembered Dad's words.Although my job was the lowest，it made me feel （2）______ （excite）.I treated it （3）______ a challengebecause it was my first job.I learned to be on time and tried to do everything well.In return，I was treated with respect by doctors，nurses and（4）______ （patient）.Each morning I imagined that the dirty dishes would make patients more sick（5）______ I washed them clean.After breakfast was done，I started （6）______ （clean）toilets .Even though I was tired ，I wanted the job to be done （7）______ （good）.People would say，"That young boy really does a good job. "That gave me a pride.Working in the hospital taught me that taking pride （8）______ one's job is important.It does not matter whether the job is sweeping floors（9）______ managing a large business.Through every job I have ever had，my father's words have always stayed with me.I （10）______ （sweep）floors and been a manager.I think Dad would be proud of me.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)答案和解析1.【答案】Yes，he did【解析】根据问句Did he use to wear glasses？（他以前戴眼镜吗？）可知，这是一个由did引导的一般疑问句，主语是he（他）。
山东省济南市市中区济南育英中学2023-2024学年九年级上学期期中数学模拟试题
山东省济南市市中区济南育英中学2023-2024学年九年级上学期期中数学模拟试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单选题A．．C．．2．在一个不透明的袋子中装有个红球，这些球除颜色外无其他差别、随机从袋子中摸出一个球，则摸到白球的概率为（）．13310A．3B．A ．1:2:56．如图所示，网格中相似的两个三角形是（A ．①与②7．如图，小明为了测量遵义市湘江河的对岸边上平行的直线EF 上点点间的距离为（）A ．()1863+米8．一个亮度可调节的台灯，其灯光亮度的改变，可以通过调节总电阻控制电流的变化A ．I 与R 的函数关系式是C ．当1100R >时，IA ．CD 伸长了2cmB ．CDC ．CD 缩短了2cmD ．CD 10．如图，Rt OAB 中，90OAB ∠=︒，AB AO =，双曲线点（A 在B 的左侧），AC y ⊥轴于C ，BD x ⊥轴于正确的个数是（）AC BD OC +=①；2AC OC BD =⋅②；2OD BD -③2222AE DE AC -=⑤．A ．2个B ．3个C ．4二、填空题11．360 sin ︒=．12．若14b a b =-，则ab的值为15．如图，A、B是双曲线S2，S3分别表示图中三个矩形的面积，若16．如图，在矩形ABCD△，使得边向右作Rt PBQ三、解答题3.14π-17．计算：()0(1)证明：BCD ABD ∽；(2)若:3:5BC AB =，16AC =，求BD 20．如图，在平面直角坐标系中，一次函数()2my m 0x=≠的图象相交于第一、三象限内的C ．（1）求该反比例函数和一次函数的解析式；（2）在y 轴上找一点P 使PB PC -最大，求（3）直接写出当12y y >时，x 的取值范围．21．在一个不透明的袋子里装有只有颜色不同的黑、白两种颜色的球共组做摸球试验，将球搅匀后从中随机摸出一个球记下颜色，再把它放回袋中，不断重复(1)求证：CAB CDE(2)若点D是BC的中点，24．遮阳伞可以遮住灼灼骄阳，站在伞下会凉爽很多，如图①，把遮阳伞（伞体的截面 ）用立柱示意图为ABC顶点A与P重合．需要遮阳时，向上调节遮阳伞立柱(2)线段AC上是否存在一点【问题探究】探究一：如图，已知正方形ABCD ，点E 为AB 上的一点，EF AB ⊥，交BD 于点（1）如图1，直接写出DFAE的值；（2）将EBF △绕点B 顺时针旋转到如图2所示的位置，连接AE 、DF ，猜想DF 的数量关系，并证明你的结论；探究二：如图，已知矩形ABCD ，点E 为AB 上的一点，EF AB ⊥，交BD 于点如图3，若四边形ABCD 为矩形，22AB BC =，将EBF △绕点B 顺时针旋转0α︒<（得到 E BF ''(E 、F 的对应点分别为E '、F '点)，连接AE '、DF '，则AEDF''的值是否随着α的变化而变化．若变化，请说明变化情况；若不变，请求出AE DF''的值．【一般规律】如图3，若四边形ABCD 为矩形，BC mAB =，其它条件都不变，将EBF △绕点针旋转α(0︒<α90<)︒得到 E BF ''，连接AE '，DF '，请直接写出AE '与DF 关系．。
山东省济南市市中区济南育英中学2023-2024学年九年级上学期期末数学模拟试题
山东省济南市市中区济南育英中学2023-2024学年九年级上学期期末数学模拟试题一、单选题1．若反比例函数y ＝﹣1x的图象经过点A （2，m ），则m 的值是（ ）A ．12B ．2C ．﹣12D ．﹣22．如图所示几何体的左视图正确的是（ ）．A ．B ．C ．D ．3．在一个不透明的布袋中装有50个黄、白两种颜色的球，除颜色外其他都相同，小红通过多次摸球试验后发现，摸到黄球的频率稳定在0.3左右，则布袋中白球可能有（ ） A ．15个B ．20个C ．30个D ．35个4．如图，已知ADE ABC ∆∆∽，且:2:1AD DB =，则:ADE ABC S S ∆∆=（ ）A ．2:1B ．4:1C ．2:3D ．4:95．如图，在45⨯的正方形网格中，每个小正方形的边长都是1，ABC V 的顶点都在这些小正方形的顶点上，那么sin ACB ∠的值为（ ）．A B C ．35D ．456．如图，一次函数1y kx b =+与反比例函数2c y x =的图象交于A ，B 两点，则不等式ckx b x+>的解集是（ ）A ．32x -<<B ．3x <-或2x >C ．30x -<<或2x >D ．02x <<7．如图，在平面直角坐标系中，ABC V 三个顶点的坐标分别是点()30A -,、点()1,2B -、点()3,2C ．则ABC V 的外心的坐标是（ ）A ．()0,1-B ．()0,0C ．()1,1-D ．()1,2-8．如图，在同一时刻，身高1.6米的小丽在阳光下的影长为2.5米，一棵大树的影长为5米，则这棵树的高度为（ ）A ．7.8米B ．3.2米C ．2.30米D ．1.5米9．如图，点A 在双曲线4y x =上，点B 在双曲线12y x=上，且AB//x 轴，点C 、D 在x 轴上，若四边形ABCD 为矩形，则它的面积为（ ）A ．4B ．6C ．8D ．1210．已知点1()A m y ，、2(2)B m y +，、00()C x y ，在二次函数2)40(y ax ax c a =++≠的图像上，且C 为抛物线的顶点．若021y y y ≥>，则m 的取值范围是（ ）A ．3m <-B ．3m >-C ．2m <-D ．2m >-二、填空题11．如果x ：y ＝1：2，那么x yy+＝． 12．抛物线22(1)1y x =+-顶点坐标为．13．如图，四边形ABCD 内接于O e ，AB 是O e 的直径，20ABD ∠=︒，则BC D ∠的度数是．14．如图，传送带和地面所成斜坡的坡度为13∶，若它把物体从地面点A 处送到离地面1米高的点B 处，则物体从A 到B 所经过的路程为米．15．如图，已知正六边形的边长为4，分别以正六边形的6个顶点为圆心作半径是2的圆，则图中阴影部分的面积为．16．如图，在矩形ABCD 中，2AB =，AD =△EAD 沿AE 折叠，使点D 恰好落在AB 边上的D ¢处，再将AED '△绕点E 顺时针旋转α，得到A ED '''△，使得EA '恰好经过BD '的中点F ．D A '''交AB 于点G ，连接AA '有如下结论：①A F '2；②弧D D '''；③A AF A EG ''△≌△；④AA F EGF '△∽△．上述结论中，所有正确的序号是．三、解答题17．计算：0200912sin 603tan 30(1)3⎛⎫︒-︒++- ⎪⎝⎭．18．ABC V 中，8AB =，6AC =，点D 是线段AC 的中点，AED C ∠=∠，求AE 的长．19．如图，在平面直角坐标系中，ABC V 的顶点坐标分别为()2,4A -，()4,4B ，()6,0C ．(1)以原点O 为位似中心，画A B C '''V ，使它与ABC V 的相似比为1:2，变换后点A 、B 的对应点分别为点A '、B '，点B '在第一象限；(2)若(),P a b 为线段BC 上的任一点，则变换后点P 的对应点P '的坐标为．20．某市一中学举行了“中国梦，中国好少年”演讲比赛，菲菲同学将选手成绩划分为A 、B 、C 、D 四个等级，绘制了两种不完整统计图． 根据图中提供的信息，解答下列问题：(1)参加演讲比赛的学生共有人，扇形统计图中m =，n =，并把条形统计图补充完整． (2)学校欲从A 等级2名男生2名女生中随机选取两人，参加市级演讲比赛，请利用列表法或树状图，求A 等级中一男一女参加比赛的概率（男生用代码12A A 、表示，女生用代码12B B 、表示）21．如图，AB 是O e 的直径，点D 在射线BA 上，DC 与⊙O 相切于点C ，过点B 作BE DC ⊥，交DC 的延长线于点E ，连接BC 、OC ．(1)求证：BC 是ABE ∠的平分线；(2)若8DC =，4DA =，求AB 的长．22．北京冬奥会的滑雪大跳台在2022年北京冬奥会后成为世界首例永久性保留和使用的滑雪大跳台场馆，成为专业体育比赛和训练场地．如图，大跳台的横截面ABCD 为梯形、高为136米、赛道AB 边的坡比为1:0.6．由于下雪造成赛道积雪至跳台底部E 处，从E 处测得跳台顶部A 处的仰角为58°．(1)请求出tan ABC ∠的值；(2)试求出BE 的长．（参考数据：sin580.85︒≈，cos580.53︒≈，tan58 1.6︒≈）23．在美化校园的活动中，某兴趣小组想借助如图所示的直角墙角（两边足够长），用28m 长的篱笆围成一个矩形花园ABCD （篱笆只围AB ，BC 两边），设AB =x m.（1）若花园的面积为192m 2, 求x 的值；（2）若在P 处有一棵树与墙CD ，AD 的距离分别是15m 和6m ，要将这棵树围在花园内（含边界，不考虑树的粗细），求花园面积S 的最大值.24．如图，直线4y x =+反比例函数()0ky x x=>图象交于点()2,A m ，交y 轴于点B ．(1)求反比例函数的解析式；(2)连接OA ，将ABO V 沿射线BA 方向平移，平移后A 、O 、B 的对应点分别为A '，O '，B '，当点O '恰好落在反比例函数()0ky x x=>的图象上时，求点O '的坐标； (3)设()0,P n ，过P 作x 轴的平行线与直线4y x =+和反比例函数()0ky x x=>的图象分别交于点C ，D ，当4CD ≤时，求n 的取值范围．25．如图1，在ABC V 中，90A ∠=︒，30ACB ∠=︒，点D 、E 分别在边AB AC 、上，且DE BC ∥．连接DC ，点M 、P 、N 分别为DE DC BC 、、的中点．连接MP PN MN ，，．(1)观察猜想：图1中，线段PM 与PN 的数量关系是______；位置关系是______； (2)探究证明：把ADE V 绕点A 逆时针方向旋转到图2的位置，判断（1）中的结论是否仍然成立，并给出证明．(3)拓展延伸：把ADE V 绕点A 在平面内自由旋转，若3AD =，7AB =．直接写出PMN V 面积的取值范围值．26．如图1，抛物线y ＝ax 2＋bx ＋c(a≠0)，与x 轴交于A(4，0)、O 两点，点D(2，－2)为抛物线的顶点．（1）求该抛物线的解析式；（2）点E 为AO 的中点，以点E 为圆心、以1为半径作⊙E 交x 轴于B 、C 两点，点M 为⊙E 上一点．①射线BM 交抛物线于点P ，设点P 的横坐标为m ，当tan ∠MBC ＝2时，求m 的值； ②如图2，连接OM ，取OM 的中点N ，连接DN ，则线段DN 的长度是否存在最大值或最小值？若存在，请求出DN 的最值；若不存在，请说明理由．。
山东省济南市育英中学2022年九年级数学第一学期期末经典试题含解析
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一、选择题(每小题3分,共30分)1．如图所示为两把按不同比例尺进行刻度的直尺，每把直尺的刻度都是均匀的，已知两把直尺在刻度10处是对齐的，且上面的直尺在刻度15处与下面的直尺在刻度18处也刚好对齐，则上面直尺的刻度16与下面直尺对应的刻度是（）A．19.4 B．19.5 C．19.6 D．19.72．某厂今年3月的产值为50万元，5月份上升到72万元，这两个月平均每月增长的百分率是多少？若设平均每月增长的百分率为x，则列出的方程正确的是（）A．50（1+x）=72 B．50（1+x）＋50（1+x）2=72C．50（1+x）×2=72 D．50（1+x）2=723．如图，在正方形ABCD中，点E，F分别在BC，CD上，AE＝AF，AC与EF相交于点G，下列结论：①AC垂直平分EF；②BE+DF＝EF；③当∠DAF＝15°时，△AEF为等边三角形；④当∠EAF＝60°时，S△ABE＝12S△CEF，其中正确的是（）A．①③B．②④C．①③④D．②③④4．如下是一种电子记分牌呈现的数字图形，其中既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形的是( ) A．B．C．D．5．关于x 的一元二次方程2210ax x 有两个不相等的实数根，则a 的取值范围是（ ） A ．a>-1 B ．1a ≥-C ．0a ≠D ．a>-1且0a ≠ 6．如图，从点A 看一山坡上的电线杆PQ ，观测点P 的仰角是45°，向前走6m 到达B 点，测得顶端点P 和杆底端点Q 的仰角分别是60°和30°，则该电线杆PQ 的高度（ ）A ．623+B ．63-C ．103-D ．83+7．已知抛物线y=ax 2+bx+c （b ＞a ＞0）与x 轴最多有一个交点，现有以下四个结论：①该抛物线的对称轴在y 轴左侧；②关于x 的方程ax 2+bx+c+2=0无实数根；③a ﹣b+c≥0；④a b c b a++-的最小值为1． 其中，正确结论的个数为（ ）A ．1个B ．2个C ．1个D ．4个8．下列对于二次根式的计算正确的是( )A ．336+=B ．233-＝2C ．233÷＝2D ．233⨯＝18 9．对于不为零的两个实数a ，b ，如果规定a ★b ()()211,42.a b a b b a b a⎧+>⎪⎪=⎨⎪-≤⎪⎩，那么函数2y x =★的图象大致是（ ） A ． B ． C ． D ．10． “圆材埋壁”是我国古代著名的数学著作《九章算术》中的一个问题：“今有圆材，埋在壁中，不知大小，以锯锯之，深一寸，锯道长六寸，问径几何？”用现代的数学语言表述是：“CD 为O 的直径，弦AB CD ⊥，垂足为E ，CE=1寸，AB=10寸，求直径CD 的长”，依题意得CD 的长为（ ）A ．12寸B ．13寸C ．24寸D ．26寸二、填空题(每小题3分,共24分)11．如图，矩形纸片ABCD 中，AB ＝6cm ，AD ＝10cm ，点E 、F 在矩形ABCD 的边AB 、AD 上运动，将△AEF 沿EF 折叠，使点A′在BC 边上，当折痕EF 移动时，点A′在BC 边上也随之移动．则A′C 的取值范围为_____．12．如图，在△ABC 中，∠A ＝30°，∠B ＝45°，BC ＝6cm ，则AB 的长为_____．13．已知二次函数222(1)22y x m x m m =--+--(m 为常数)，若对于一切实数m 和均有y ≥k ，则k 的最大值为____________.14．方程x （x ﹣2）﹣x+2＝0的正根为_____．15．已知二次函数y ＝ax 2+3ax +c 的图象与x 轴的一个交点为（﹣4，0），则它与x 轴的另一个交点的坐标是___．16．如图所示，在△ABC 中，BC=6，E 、F 分别是AB 、AC 的中点，动点P 在射线EF 上，BP 交CE 于D ，∠CBP 的平分线交CE 于Q ，当CQ=13CE 时，EP+BP= ．17．如图，点P 是反比例函数y ＝xk （k ≠0）的图象上任意一点，过点P 作PM ⊥x 轴，垂足为M ．若△POM 的面积等于2，则k 的值等于_18．二次函数y ＝﹣x 2+bx +c 的部分图象如图所示，对称轴是直线x ＝﹣1，则关于x 的一元二次方程﹣x 2+bx +c ＝0的根为_____．三、解答题(共66分)19．（10分）如图，在ABC ∆中，10,12AB AC BC ===，点D 是BC 边上的动点（不与,B C 重合），点E 在AC 边上，并且满足ADE C ∠=∠.（1）求证：ABD DCE ∆∆；（2）若BD 的长为x ，请用含x 的代数式表示AE 的长；（3）当（2）中的AE 最短时，求ADE ∆的面积.20．（6分）已知一次函数2y x b =-+（b 为常数，0b >）的图象分别与x 轴、y 轴交于A 、B 两点，且与反比例函数4y x =-的图象交于C 、D 两点（点C 在第二象限内，过点C 作CE x ⊥轴于点E（1）求tan ACE ∠的值（2）记1S 为四边形CEOB 的面积，2S 为OAB ∆的面积，若1279S S =，求b 的值 21．（6分）如图，在四边形ABCD 中，//AD BC ，B ACB ∠=∠，点,E F 分别在,AB BC 上，且EFB D ∠=∠．(1)求证：EFB ∆∽CDA ∆；(2)若20AB =，5AD =，4BF =，求EB 的长．22．（8分）如图，在ABC 中，点D 、E 、F 分别在边AB 、AC 、BC 上，DE BC ∥，EF AB ∥，:1:3AD AB =.（1）当5DE =时，求FC 的长；（2）设AD a =，CF b =，那么FE =__________，EA =__________（用向量a ，b 表示）23．（8分）已知抛物线()22:41362C y ax m x m m =--+-+.（1）当1a =，0m =时，求抛物线C 与x 轴的交点个数；（2）当0m =时，判断抛物线C 的顶点能否落在第四象限，并说明理由；（3）当0m ≠时，过点()2,22m m m -+的抛物线C 中，将其中两条抛物线的顶点分别记为A ，B ，若点A ，B 的横坐标分别是t ，2t +，且点A 在第三象限.以线段AB 为直径作圆，设该圆的面积为S ，求S 的取值范围.24．（8分）已知：如图，在△ABC 中，AB =AC ，点D 、E 分别在边BC 、DC 上，AB 2 =BE ·DC ，DE :EC =3:1 ，F 是边AC 上的一点，DF 与AE 交于点G ．（1）找出图中与△ACD 相似的三角形，并说明理由；（2）当DF 平分∠ADC 时，求DG :DF 的值；（3）如图，当∠BAC=90°，且DF ⊥AE 时，求DG :DF 的值．25．（10分）如图，AB 是⊙O 的直径，P 、C 是圆周上的点，PA PC =，弦PC 交AB 于点D .(1)求证：A C ∠=∠；(2)若OD DC =，求A ∠的度数.26．（10分）某汽车专卖店经销某种型号的汽车.已知该型号汽车的进价为15万元/辆，经销一段时间后发现：当该型号汽车售价定为25万元/辆时，平均每周售出8辆；售价每降低1万元，平均每周多售出2辆.（1）当售价为22万元/辆时，平均每周的销售利润为___________万元；（2）若该店计划平均每周的销售利润是90万元，为了尽快减少库存，求每辆汽车的售价．参考答案一、选择题(每小题3分,共30分)1、C【分析】根据两把直尺在刻度10处是对齐的及上面直尺的刻度11与下面直尺对应的刻度是11.6，得出上面直尺的10个小刻度，对应下面直尺的16个小刻度，进而判断出上面直尺的刻度16与下面直尺对应的刻度即可．【详解】解：由于两把直尺在刻度10处是对齐的，观察图可知上面直尺的刻度11与下面直尺对应的刻度是11.6，即上面直尺的10个小刻度，对应下面直尺的16个小刻度，且上面的直尺在刻度15处与下面的直尺在刻度18处也刚好对齐，因此上面直尺的刻度16与下面直尺对应的刻度是18+1.6=19.6，故答案为C【点睛】本题考查了学生对图形的观察能力，通过图形得出上面直尺的10个小刻度，对应下面直尺的16个小刻度是解题的关键．2、D【分析】可先表示出4月份的产量，那么4月份的产量×（1+增长率）=5月份的产量，把相应数值代入即可求解．【详解】4月份产值为：50（1+x）5月份产值为：50（1+x）（1+x）=50（1+x）2=72故选D．点睛：考查求平均变化率的方法．若设变化前的量为a，变化后的量为b，平均变化率为x，则经过两次变化后的数量关系为a（1±x）2=b．3、C【解析】①通过条件可以得出△ABE≌△ADF，从而得出∠BAE=∠DAF，BE=DF，由正方形的性质就可以得出EC=FC，就可以得出AC垂直平分EF，②设BC=a，CE=y，由勾股定理就可以得出EF与x、y的关系，表示出BE与EF，即可判断BE+DF与EF关系不确定；③当∠DAF=15°时，可计算出∠EAF=60°，即可判断△EAF为等边三角形，④当∠EAF=60°时，设EC=x，BE=y，由勾股定理就可以得出x与y的关系，表示出BE与EF，利用三角形的面积公式分别表示出S△CEF和S△ABE，再通过比较大小就可以得出结论．【详解】①四边形ABCD是正方形，∴AB═AD，∠B=∠D=90°．在Rt △ABE 和Rt △ADF 中，AE AF AB AD =⎧⎨=⎩， ∴Rt △ABE ≌Rt △ADF （HL ），∴BE=DF∵BC=CD ，∴BC-BE=CD-DF ，即CE=CF ，∵AE=AF ，∴AC 垂直平分EF ．（故①正确）．②设BC=a ，CE=y ，∴BE+DF=2（a-y ）y ，∴BE+DF 与EF 关系不确定，只有当y=（）a 时成立，（故②错误）．③当∠DAF=15°时，∵Rt △ABE ≌Rt △ADF ，∴∠DAF=∠BAE=15°，∴∠EAF=90°-2×15°=60°，又∵AE=AF∴△AEF 为等边三角形．（故③正确）．④当∠EAF=60°时，设EC=x ，BE=y ，由勾股定理就可以得出：(x+y)2+y 2＝x)2∴x 2=2y （x+y ）∵S △CEF =12x 2，S △ABE =12y(x+y)， ∴S △ABE =12S △CEF ．（故④正确）． 综上所述，正确的有①③④，故选C ．【点睛】本题考查了正方形的性质的运用，全等三角形的判定及性质的运用，勾股定理的运用，等边三角形的性质的运用，三角形的面积公式的运用，解答本题时运用勾股定理的性质解题时关键．4、C【分析】根据轴对称和中心对称图形的概念可判别.【详解】（A）既不是轴对称也不是中心对称;（B）是轴对称但不是中心对称；（C）是轴对称和中心对称；（D）是中心对称但不是轴对称故选：C5、D【解析】利用一元二次方程的定义及根的判别式列不等式a≠1且△=22﹣4a×（﹣1）＞1，从而求解.【详解】解：根据题意得：a≠1且△=22﹣4a×（﹣1）＞1，解得：a＞﹣1且a≠1．故选D．【点睛】本题考查了根的判别式：一元二次方程ax2+bx+c=1（a≠1）的根与△=b2﹣4ac有如下关系：当△＞1时，方程有两个不相等的两个实数根；当△=1时，方程有两个相等的两个实数根；当△＜1时，方程无实数根．6、A【分析】延长PQ交直线AB于点E，设PE=x米，在直角△APE和直角△BPE中，根据三角函数利用x表示出AE 和BE，根据AB=AE-BE即可列出方程求得x的值，再在直角△BQE中利用三角函数求得QE的长，则PQ的长度即可求解．【详解】解：延长PQ交直线AB于点E，设PE=x．在直角△APE中，∠PAE=45°，则AE=PE=x；∵∠PBE=60°∴∠BPE=30°在直角△BPE中，33BE PE x==，∵AB=AE-BE=6，则6x x =解得：9x =+∴3BE =在直角△BEQ 中，3)3QE BE ===+9(36PQ PE QE ∴=-=+=+故选：A【点睛】本题考查解直角三角形的应用-仰角俯角问题，解答本题的关键是明确题意，利用锐角三角函数和数形结合的思想解答． 7、D【解析】本题考察二次函数的基本性质，一元二次方程根的判别式等知识点.【详解】解：∵0b a >>，∴抛物线的对称轴2b x a=- <0，∴该抛物线的对称轴在y 轴左侧，故①正确；∵抛物线2(0)y ax bx c b a =++>>与x 轴最多有一个交点，∴240,b ac =-≤ ∴关于x 的方程220ax bx c +++=中()2242480,b a c b ac a =-+=--<∴关于x 的方程220ax bx c +++=无实数根，故②正确；∵抛物线2(0)y ax bx c b a =++>>与x 轴最多有一个交点，∴当1x =- 时，a b c -+≥0正确，故③正确；当2x =-时，()2420,33,3,,3a b c a b c a b c b a a b c b a b a b a++-+≥++≥-++≥->∴≥- ，故④正确. 故选D.【点睛】 本题的解题关键是熟悉函数的系数之间的关系，二次函数和一元二次方程的关系，难点是第四问的证明，要考虑到不等式的转化.8、C【解析】根据二次根式的加减法对A 、B 进行判断；根据二次根式的除法法则对C 进行判断；根据二次根式的乘法法则对D 进行判断．【详解】A 、原式A 选项错误；B B 选项错误；C 、原式＝2，所以C 选项正确；D 、原式＝6，所以D 选项错误．故选C ．【点睛】本题考查了二次根式的混合运算：先把各二次根式化简为最简二次根式，然后进行二次根式的乘除运算，再合并即可．在二次根式的混合运算中，如能结合题目特点，灵活运用二次根式的性质，选择恰当的解题途径，往往能事半功倍． 9、C【分析】先根据所给新定义运算求出分段函数解析式，再根据函数解析式来判断函数图象即可.【详解】解：∵a ★b ()()211,42.a b a b b a b a⎧+>⎪⎪=⎨⎪-≤⎪⎩， ∴2y x =★()()2112,422.x x x x⎧+>⎪⎪=⎨⎪-≤⎪⎩ ∴当x>2时，函数图象在第一象限且自变量的值不等于2，当x ≤2时，是反比例函数，函数图象在二、四象限. 故应选C.【点睛】本题考查了分段函数及其图象，理解所给定义求出分段函数解析式是解题的关键.10、D【分析】连接AO ，设直径CD 的长为2x 寸，则半径OA=OC=x 寸，然后利用垂径定理得出AE ，最后根据勾股定理进一步求解即可.【详解】如图，连接AO ，设直径CD 的长为2x 寸，则半径OA=OC=x 寸，∵CD 为O 的直径，弦AB CD ⊥，垂足为E ，AB=10寸，∴AE=BE=12AB=5寸，根据勾股定理可知，在Rt △AOE 中，222AO AE OE =+，∴()22251x x =+-，解得：13x =，∴226x =，即CD 长为26寸.【点睛】本题主要考查了垂径定理与勾股定理的综合运用，熟练掌握相关概念是解题关键.二、填空题(每小题3分,共24分)11、4cm≤A′C≤8cm【分析】根据矩形的性质得到∠C ＝90°，BC ＝AD ＝10cm ，CD ＝AB ＝6cm ，当折痕EF 移动时，点A’在BC 边上也随之移动，由此得到：点E 与B 重合时，A′C 最小，当F 与D 重合时，A′C 最大，据此画图解答.【详解】解：∵四边形ABCD 是矩形，∴∠C ＝90°，BC ＝AD ＝10cm ，CD ＝AB ＝6cm ，当点E 与B 重合时，A′C 最小，如图1所示：此时BA′＝BA ＝6cm ，∴A′C ＝BC ﹣BA′＝10cm ﹣6cm ＝4cm ；当F 与D 重合时，A′C 最大，如图2所示：此时A′D ＝AD ＝10cm ，∴A′C ＝22106-＝8（cm ）；综上所述：A′C 的取值范围为4cm≤A′C≤8cm ．故答案为：4cm≤A′C≤8cm ．【点睛】此题考查折叠问题，利用了矩形的性质，解题中确定点E 与F 的位置是解题的关键.12、33+【分析】根据题意过点C 作CD ⊥AB ，根据∠B ＝45°，得CD ＝BD ，根据勾股定理和BC ＝6得出BD ，再根据∠A ＝30°，得出AD ，进而分析计算得出AB 即可．【详解】解；过点C 作CD ⊥AB ，交AB 于D ．∵∠B ＝45°，∴CD ＝BD ，∵BC 6，∴BD 3∵∠A ＝30°，∴tan30°＝CD AD ， ∴AD ＝30CD tan ︒333＝3， ∴AB ＝AD+BD ＝33+故答案为：33+【点睛】本题考查解直角三角形，熟练应用三角函数的定义是解题的关键．13、134- 【分析】因为二次函数系数大于0，先用含有m 的代数式表示出函数y 的最小值，得出min y 23m m =+-，再求出于m 的函数23M m m =+-的最小值即可得出结果.【详解】解： 222(1)22y x m x m m =--+--,22min 41(22)4(1)41m m m y ⨯⨯----=⨯23m m =+-, 关于m 的函数为23M m m =+-,2min 41(3)113=414M ⨯⨯--=-⨯, ∴134k -≥, ∴k 的最大值为134-. 【点睛】 本题考查二次函数的最值问题，先将函数化为顶点式，即可得出最值.14、x ＝1或x ＝2【分析】利用提取公因式法解方程即可得答案．【详解】∵x （x ﹣2）﹣（x ﹣2）＝0，∴（x ﹣2）（x ﹣1）＝0，∴x ﹣2＝0或x ﹣1＝0，解得：x ＝2或x ＝1，故答案为：x ＝1或x ＝2【点睛】本题考查解一元二次方程，一元二次方程的常用方法有：直接开平方法、配方法、公式法、因式分解法等，熟练掌握并灵活运用适当的方法是解题关键．15、（1，0）．【分析】先根据二次函数解析式求出抛物线的对称轴，然后利用抛物线的对称性即可求出它与x 轴的另一个交点的坐标.【详解】二次函数y ＝ax 2+3ax +c 的对称轴为：x ＝﹣32a a ＝﹣32， ∵二次函数y ＝ax 2+3ax +c 的图象与x 轴的一个交点为（﹣4，0），∴它与x轴的另一个交点坐标与（﹣4，0）关于直线x＝﹣32对称，其坐标是（1，0）．故答案是：（1，0）．【点睛】此题考查的是已知二次函数图像与x轴的一个交点坐标，求与x轴的另一个交点坐标，掌握抛物线是轴对称图形和抛物线的对称轴公式是解决此题的关键.16、1．【分析】延长BQ交射线EF于M，根据三角形的中位线平行于第三边可得EF∥BC，根据两直线平行，内错角相等可得∠M=∠CBM，再根据角平分线的定义可得∠PBM=∠CBM，从而得到∠M=∠PBM，根据等角对等边可得BP=PM，求出EP+BP=EM，再根据CQ=13CE求出EQ=2CQ，然后根据△MEQ和△BCQ相似，利用相似三角形对应边成比例列式求解即可．【详解】如图，延长BQ交射线EF于M，∵E、F分别是AB、AC的中点，∴EF∥BC．∴∠M=∠CBM．∵BQ是∠CBP的平分线，∴∠PBM=∠CBM．∴∠M=∠PBM．∴BP=PM．∴EP+BP=EP+PM=EM．∵CQ=13 CE，∴EQ=2CQ．由EF∥BC得，△MEQ∽△BCQ，∴EM EQ2 BC CQ==．∴EM=2BC=2×6=1，即EP+BP=1．故答案为：1．【点睛】本题考查了相似三角形的判定与性质，角平分线的定义，平行线的性质，延长BQ 构造出相似三角形，求出EP+BP=EM 并得到相似三角形是解题的关键，也是本题的难点．17、-2【分析】利用反比例函数k 的几何意义得到12|k |=1，然后根据反比例函数所在的象限确定k 的值． 【详解】∵△POM 的面积等于1，∴12|k |=1． ∵反比例函数图象过第二象限，∴k ＜0，∴k =﹣2．故答案为：﹣2．【点睛】本题考查了反比例函数系数k 的几何意义：在反比例函数y =xk 图象中任取一点，过这一个点向x 轴和y 轴分别作垂线，与坐标轴围成的矩形的面积是定值|k |．也考查了反比例函数的性质．18、x 1＝1，x 2＝﹣1．【分析】根据二次函数的性质和函数的图象，可以得到该函数图象与x 轴的另一个交点，从而可以得到一元二次方程-x 2+bx+c=0的解，本题得以解决．【详解】由图象可得，抛物线y ＝﹣x 2+bx +c 与x 轴的一个交点为（﹣1，0），对称轴是直线x ＝﹣1，则抛物线与x 轴的另一个交点为（1，0），即当y ＝0时，0＝﹣x 2+bx +c ，此时方程的解是x 1＝1，x 2＝﹣1，故答案为：x 1＝1，x 2＝﹣1．【点睛】本题考查抛物线与x 轴的交点、二次函数的性质，解答本题的关键是明确题意，利用二次函数的性质解答．三、解答题(共66分)19、（1）见解析；（2）21610105AE x x =-+；（3）38425【分析】（1）由等腰三角形的性质可得B C ∠=∠，然后根据三角形的外角性质可得BAD CDE ∠=∠，进而可证得结论；（2）根据相似三角形的对应边成比例可得CE 与x 的关系，进一步即可得出结果；（3）根据（2）题的结果，利用二次函数的性质可得AE 最短时x 的值，即BD 的长，进而可得AD 的长和△ADC 的面积，进一步利用所求三角形的面积与△ADC 的面积之比等于AE 与AC 之比即得答案.【详解】解：（1）∵AB AC =，∴B C ∠=∠，∵ADE C ∠=∠，∴ADE B ∠=∠，∵ADC ADE EDC B BAD ∠=∠+∠=∠+∠，∴BAD CDE ∠=∠，∴ABD DCE ∆∆；（2）∵ABDDCE ∆∆，∴BD AB CE DC =，∴1012x EC x =-， ∴216105CE x x =-+， ∴21610105AE x x ⎛⎫=--+ ⎪⎝⎭21610105x x =-+； （3）∵()216 6.410AE x =-+，∴6x =时，AE 的值最小为6.4，此时6BD CD ==， ∵AB AC =，∴AD BC ⊥，∴221068AD =-=， ∴1242ADC S AD CD ∆=⨯⨯=， ∵ADE ADC S AE S AC ∆∆=，即 6.416241025ADE S ∆==， ∴16384242525ADE S ∆=⨯=. 【点睛】本题考查了相似三角形的判定和性质、二次函数的性质、勾股定理、等腰三角形的性质和三角形的面积等知识，属于中档题型，熟练掌握相似三角形的判定和性质与二次函数的性质是解题的关键.20、（1）1tan 2ACE ∠=；（2）32b =【分析】（1）先求出A 和B 的坐标，进而求出tan ABO ∠，即可得出答案； （2）根据题意可得△AOB ∽△AEC ，得出34OB CE =，设出点C 的坐标，列出方程，即可得出答案. 【详解】解：（1）一次函数2y x b =-+（b 为常数，0b >）的图象分别与x 轴、y 轴交于A 、B 两点，令0x =，则y b =；令0y =，则求得2b x =， ∴,02b A ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭，()0,B b ， ∴2b OA =，OB b =， 在Rt AOB ∆，12tan 22bOA ABO OB b∠===， ∵CE x ⊥轴于点E ，∴CE y 轴，∴ACE ABO ∠=∠，∴1tan 2ACE ∠=；（2）根据题意得：22916AOB AEC S OB S CE∆∆==， ∴34OB CE =. 设点C 的坐标为(),2x x b -+，则OB b =，2CE x b =-+，∴32442b x b x b x ⎧=⎪⎪-+⎨⎪-+=-⎪⎩， 解得：32b =，或32b =-.【点睛】本题考查的是反比例函数的综合，综合性较强，注意面积比等于相似比的平方.21、 (1)证明见解析；(2)16.【解析】（1）根据相似三角形的判定即可求出答案．（2）根据△EFB ∽△CDA ，利用相似三角形的性质即可求出EB 的长度．【详解】(1)∵AB AC =，∴B ACB ∠=∠，∵//AD BC ，∴DAC ACB ∠=∠，∴B DAC ∠=∠，∵D EFB ∠=∠，∴EFB ∆∽CDA ∆；(2)∵EFB ∆∽CDA ∆， ∴BE BF AC AD=， ∵20AB AC ==，5AD =，4BF =，∴16BE =．【点睛】本题考查相似三角形，解题的关键是熟练运用相似三角形的性质与判定.22、（1）CF 10=；（2）2a -，12b a - 【分析】（1）利用平行线分线段成比例定理求解即可．（2）利用三角形法则求解即可．【详解】（1）∵DE ∥BC ，EF ∥AB ，∴四边形DEFB 是平行四边形，∴DE=BF=5，∵AD ：AB=DE ：BC=1：3，∴BC=15，∴CF=BC-BF=15-5=1．（2）∵AD ：AB=1：3，∴22DB AD a == ，∵EF=BD ，EF ∥BD ，∴2FE DB a =-=- ，∵CF=2DE ， ∴1122ED CF b == ， ∴12EA ED DA b a =+=- .【点睛】此题考查平面向量，平行向量等知识，解题的关键是熟练掌握基本知识，属于中考常考题型．23、（1）抛物线C 与x 轴有两个交点；（2）抛物线C 的顶点不会落在第四象限，理由详见解析；（3）5S ππ<<.【分析】（1）将1a =，0m =代入解析式，然后求当y=0时，一元二次方程根的情况，从而求解；（2）首先利用配方法求出顶点坐标，解法一：假设顶点在第四象限，根据第四象限点的坐标特点列不等式组求解；解法二：设2x a=-，42y a=-+，则22y x =+，分析一次函数图像所经过的象限，从而求解；（3）将点()2,22m m m -+代入抛物线，求得a 的值，然后求得抛物线解析式及顶点坐标，分别表示出A ，B 两点坐标，并根据点A 位于第三象限求得t 的取值范围，利用勾股定理求得2AB 的函数解析式，从而求解.【详解】解：（1）依题意，将1a =，0m =代入解析式得抛物线C 的解析式为242y x x =-+.令0y =，得2420x x -+=，()2441280∆=--⨯⨯=>，∴抛物线C 与x 轴有两个交点.（2）抛物线C 的顶点不会落在第四象限.依题意，得抛物线C 的解析式为222442()2y ax x a x a a =++=+-+， ∴顶点坐标为24,2a a ⎛⎫--+ ⎪⎝⎭. 解法一：不妨假设顶点坐标在第四象限， 则20420a a⎧->⎪⎪⎨⎪-+<⎪⎩，解得2020a a ⎧<⎪⎪⎨⎪>⎪⎩. ∴该不等式组无解，∴假设不成立，即此时抛物线C 的顶点不会落在第四象限. 解法二：设2x a =-，42y a=-+，则22y x =+， ∴该抛物线C 的顶点在直线22y x =+上运动，而该直线不经过第四象限，∴抛物线C 的顶点不会落在第四象限.（3）将点()2,22m m m -+代入抛物线C ：()2241362y ax m x m m =--+-+， 得22224436222am m m m m m m -++-+=-+，化简，得()220a m -=. ∵0m ≠，∴20a -=，即2a =，∴此时，抛物线C 的解析式为()22241362y x m x m m =--+-+， ()22212y x m m m =--+-⎡⎤⎣⎦ ∴顶点坐标为()21,2m m m --.当1m t -=时，1m t =+，∴()2,1A t t -.当12m t -=+时，3m t =+，∴()22,43B t t t +++. ∵点A 在第三象限，∴2010t t <⎧⎨-<⎩∴10t -<<.又220t t +-=>，()22431440t t t t ++--=+>，∴点B 在点A 的右上方，∴()()22222441614AB t t =++=++.∵160>，∴当10t -<<时，2AB 随t 的增大而增大，∴2420AB <<. 又2224AB S AB ππ⎛⎫=⋅= ⎪⎝⎭. ∵04π>,∴S 随2AB 的增大而增大，∴5S ππ<<.【点睛】本题属于二次函数综合题，综合性较强，掌握二次函数的图像性质利用属性结合思想解题是本题的解题关键.24、（1）△ABE 、△ADC ，理由见解析；（2）2；（3）24+ 【分析】（1）根据相似三角形的判定方法，即可找出与△ACD 相似的三角形；（2）由相似三角形的性质，得DG DE AD DF AD CD ==，由DE=3CE ，先求出AD 的长度，然后计算得到DF DG；（3）由等腰直角三角形的性质，得到∠DAG=∠ADF=45°，然后证明△ADE ∽△DFA ，得到AD AE DF AD =，求出DF 的长度，即可得到DF DG. 【详解】解：（1）与△ACD 相似的三角形有：△ABE 、△ADC ，理由如下：∵AB 2 =BE · DC ， ∴BE AB AB DC=． ∵AB=AC ， ∴∠B=∠C ，BE AC AB DC =， ∴△ABE ∽△DCA ．∴∠AED=∠DAC ．∵∠AED=∠C+∠EAC ，∠DAC=∠DAE+∠EAC ，∴∠DAE=∠C ．∴△ADE ∽△CDA ．（2）∵△ADE ∽△CDA ，DF 平分∠ADC ， ∴DG DE AD DF AD CD==， 设CE =a ，则DE=3CE =3a ，CD =4a ，∴34a AD AD a= ，解得AD =（负值已舍）∴DF AD DG CD ===； （3）∵∠BAC=90°，AB=AC ，∴∠B=∠C=45° ，∴∠DAE=∠C=45°，∵DG ⊥AE ，∴∠DAG=∠ADF=45°，∴AG=DG=22AD =⋅=，∴EG ==，∵∠AED=∠DAC ，∴△ADE ∽△DFA ，∴AD AE DF AD =， ∴2463AD DF a AE==-（）， ∴224DG DF +=. 【点睛】本题考查了相似三角形的判定和性质，等腰直角三角形的判定和性质，勾股定理，解题的关键是熟练掌握相似三角形的判定和性质，正确找出证明三角形相似的条件.25、（1）详见解析；（2）36°【分析】（1）连接OP ，由已知条件证明POA POC ∆≅∆，可推出A C ∠=∠；（2）设=A C x ∠=∠，因为OD=DC 推出DOC C ∠=∠，由OP=OC 推出=OPC C ∠∠，根据三角形内角和解关于x 的方程即可；【详解】（1）证明：连接OP.∵PA PC =，∴PA=PC ，在POA POC ∆∆与中，PA PC OA OC OP OP =⎧⎪=⎨⎪=⎩∴POA POC ∆≅∆（SSS ），∴A C ∠=∠；（2）解：设=A C x ∠=∠°，则22POB A x ∠=∠=°，∵OD=DC ，∴DOC C x ∠=∠=°，∵OP=OC ，∴=OPC C x ∠∠=°，在POC ∆中，180OPC C POC ∠+∠+∠=°，∴x+x+3x=180°，解得x=36°，∴A ∠=36°.【点睛】本题主要考查了圆与等腰三角形，全等三角形及三角形内角和等知识点，掌握圆的性质是解题的关键.26、（1）98 （2）20万元【分析】（1）根据当该型号汽车售价定为25万元/辆时，平均每周售出8辆；售价每降低0.5万元，平均每周多售出1辆，即可求出当售价为22万元/辆时，平均每周的销售量，再根据销售利润＝一辆汽车的利润×销售数量列式计算； （2）设每辆汽车降价x 万元，根据每辆的盈利×销售的辆数＝90万元，列方程求出x 的值，进而得到每辆汽车的售价．【详解】（1）由题意，可得当售价为22万元/辆时，平均每周的销售量是：25220.5-×1＋8＝14， 则此时，平均每周的销售利润是：（22−15）×14＝98（万元）；（2）设每辆汽车降价x 万元，根据题意得：（25−x−15）（8＋2x ）＝90，解得x 1＝1，x 2＝5，当x ＝1时，销售数量为8＋2×1＝10（辆）；当x ＝5时，销售数量为8＋2×5＝18（辆），为了尽快减少库存，则x ＝5，此时每辆汽车的售价为25−5＝20（万元），答：每辆汽车的售价为20万元．【点睛】此题主要考查了一元二次方程的应用，本题关键是会表示一辆汽车的利润，销售量增加的部分．找到关键描述语，找到等量关系：每辆的盈利×销售的辆数＝90万元是解决问题的关键．。
山东省济南市市中学区育英中学2024年中考语文适应性模拟试题含解析
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一、积累1．下列句子中没有．．语病的一项是（）A．在网络的轮番炒作下，使“蓝瘦香菇”这个词语迅速走红，一时间成为了2016年的网络热门词汇。
B．能否规范地书写汉字，是对义务教育阶段学生书写的基本要求。
C．近年来，各大卫视的跨年演唱会使观众审美疲劳是因为其跟风严重、缺乏创意、没有特色造成的。
D．互联网浅阅读使人们蜻蜓点水般地广泛采集碎片化的信息，但无法促进深度思维和创造性思维的发展。
2．下列句子中加点词语使用不恰当．．．的一项是（）A．那一片草甸，到了春天，绿茵茵的草丛中点缀．．着五颜六色的野花，真是美！B．有些地方官员对上级政策阳奉阴违．．．．，真该被批评惩罚！C．在《我是歌手》的舞台上，林志炫的服装精致得体简直天衣无缝．．．．。
D．希望阳江市政府不负众望，走出一条城乡统筹．．发展的创新之路。
3．下列词语中没有．．错字的一项是（）A．嬉戏伫足相得益章蛛丝马迹B．缄默嶙峋克尽职守抑扬顿挫C．蜿蜒贪婪相形见绌长吁短叹D．愧怍祈祷语无伦次天崖海角4．下列有关名著的说法不正确的一项是( )。
A．我国长篇小说《水浒传》中，金枪手徐宁设计摆下“连环马”大破宋公明，梁山好汉中的双鞭呼延灼最后使用钩镰枪破了“连环马”。
B．孙悟空的称呼很多，例如玉皇大帝授给他的官职是“弼马温”，唐僧收他为徒时为他取名“行者”，如来佛授给孙悟空的品职是“斗战胜佛”。
C．《朝花夕拾》是鲁迅先生回忆自己青少年时期生活经历的一部散文集，其中《藤野先生》主要记叙了作者在日本仙台学医时的见闻感受。
育英中学初中好报
育英中学初中好报
风吹麦成浪，又是一年桃李香。
2022年育英中学中考取得了优异的成绩，升学率达到83%。
育英中学学子不忘师恩，带着新的梦想，开启更加绚丽的人生旅程。
泗水县育英中学是泗水县一所有着多年办学历史的知名老校，栉风沐雨，不断探索，勇于革新，德育为先，与时俱进。
结合党的十九大提出的“立德树人”的办学任务，确定了“德才兼修，做卓越教师；潜心问道，成‘四有学子’的德育核心”办学理念。
育英中学参加新区一中面试的七名同学均通过面试，育英中学升学率是济南市初中学校里的佼佼者。
一般年级前二百名进入山东省实验中学的机率很大。
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育英中学九年级语文模拟试题（一）（时间:120分钟，满分:120分）腹有诗书气自华，一笔好字闯天下。
亲爱的同学们，又到了展示你才能的时候了。
请仔细审题，细心答题，认真书写，相信你一定会有出色的表现！开始吧！你是最棒的！一、积累与运用（21分）1. 下列词语中加点字的注音全部正确．．的一项是（）（2分）A．倔．(jué)强沉甸．(diàn)甸剽．(biāo )悍硕果累．(léi)累B．裸露．（lù）顷．( qǐng)刻遒劲．(jìng) 锐不可当．(dāng )C．喑．(yīn)哑模．(mú)样酷肖．(xiào ) 一抔．(pōu)黄土D．魁梧．(wú) 荫．庇（yīn ）黝．(yǒu )黑引颈．受戮(jǐng)2. 下列词语中书写全部正确．．的一项是（）（2分）A．遍稽群籍断臂残垣一泻千里廓然无累B．心无旁骛正襟危坐重蹈复辙粗制滥造C．莫衷一是销声匿迹义愤填膺连声诺诺D．锋芒毕露擎天撼地苦心孤诣再接再励3. 请用正楷字，笔画清晰．．．．．．．．地填写相应的诗文名句。
（8分，每小题1分）①白头搔更短，。
（杜甫《春望》）②，悠然见南山。
（渊明《饮酒》）③吊影分为千里雁，，（白居易《望月有感》）④，只有香如故。
（陆游《卜算子·咏梅》）⑤，关山度若飞。
（《木兰诗》）⑥，小桥流水人家，。
（《天净沙·秋思》）⑦，固国不以山溪之险，。
（《孟子两章》）⑧我是你额上熏黑的矿灯，（《祖国啊，我亲爱的祖国》）4. 阅读下面这段文字，按要求答题。
（共4分，每小题2分）（A）夕阳携带着紫红的薄纱依偎黄昏，清风低唱着轻盈的歌儿漫步田野，。
在樊笼羁绊的生活中，要拒绝做世俗的傀儡。
（Ｂ）只有你勇敢追求，大自然自由的精灵就能助你长出灵动的翅膀，享受生命的无尽芳香。
①仿照（A）处画曲线的句子，为横线处补写句子。
（写在下面的横线上．．．．．．．．）（2分）②（Ｂ）处画横线的句子有语病，请用所给的修改符号直接在原句上．．．．进行修改。
（2分）5. 名著阅读。
（5分）一点多钟，他们两个在人家喝了酒，吃了饭才回来的。
前边走着老厨子，后边走着Ａ。
好像两个胖鸭子似的，走也走不动了，又慢又得意。
走在前边的老厨子，眼珠通红，嘴唇发光。
走在后边的Ａ，面红耳热，一直红到他脖子下边的那条大筋。
进到屋来，一个说：“酒菜真不错……”一个说：“……鸡蛋汤打得也热乎。
”关于埋葬B的经过，却先一字未提。
好像他们两个是过年回来的，充满了欢天喜地的气象。
我问Ａ，那B是怎么死的，埋葬的情形如何。
Ａ说：“你问这个干什么，人死还不如一只鸡……一伸腿就算完事……”①本文段节选自（作品）。
文中的A是，B是（3分）②结合选段容．．．．．，分析人物A的形象特点。
（2分）二、古诗文阅读（17分）阅读下面的古诗文，分别回答后面的问题。
（一）宿江边阁①杜甫暝色②延山径，高斋次水门③。
薄云岩际宿，孤月浪中翻。
鹳鹤追飞静，豺狼得食喧。
不眠忧战伐，无力正乾坤！【注释】①大历元年（766）春离开的杜甫来到夔州，同年秋寓居夔州的西阁。
江边阁、高斋，皆指西阁。
②暝色：暮色③次水门：位于水门。
水门，指瞿塘峡口。
6. 下列关于这首诗的理解有误．．的一项是（）（3分）A. 首联中“延”有接引的意思，仿佛暝色是山径迎接来的一般，赋于无生命的自然景物以生趣。
B. 颔联中“宿”字，活化了深夜山间薄云停驻的情态，“翻”字，既写出了大江日夜奔流的气势，又烘托了诗人孤寂的情怀和难平的心绪，构成幽渺的艺术境界。
C. 颈联中的“鹳鹤”富有象征意义，是在战乱中被掠夺、被压榨的劳动人民的象征，在一定程度上唤起读者对当时黑暗社会现实的联想。
D. 此诗全篇皆用对句，笔力雄健。
它既写景，又写情，是融景入情、情景并茂的一首杰作。
7. 细读全诗，说说作者在诗中流露了怎样的情感？（2分）得分评卷人8. 下面各项句中加点字意义相同．．的一项是（）（2分）A．①此犹锦绣之．与短褐也②吾既已言之．王矣B．①公输盘为我为．云梯②为．天下唱C．①邻有糠糟而．欲窃之②可远观而．不可亵玩焉D．①今有人于．此②如使人之所欲莫甚于．生9. 用现代汉语翻译下列句子。
（2分）臣以王吏之攻宋也，为与此同类。
10. 选文中墨子运用方法让楚王理屈词穷，表现出墨子的。
（2分）（三）孔子见罗雀者孔子见罗雀者①，所得皆黄口②小雀。
夫子问之曰：“大雀独③不得，何也？”罗者曰：“大雀善惊而难得，黄口贪食而易得。
黄口从大雀则不得，大雀从黄口亦可得。
”孔子顾谓弟子曰：“善惊以远害利食而忘患，自其心矣，而以所从为祸福。
故君子慎其所从，以长者之虑则有全身之阶，随小者之戆④而有危亡之败⑤也。
”（选自《孔子家语》）【注释】①罗雀者:网捕鸟的人。
②黄口:雏鸟的嘴为黄色，后又借指雏鸟。
③独:表示转折,相当于“却”。
④戆(gàng):愚。
⑤败:祸乱，祸害。
11．解释下面句中加点的字。
（2分）①黄口从．大雀则不得②孔子顾．谓弟子曰12．用“/”给下面的句子划分节奏。
（画一处）（2分）善惊以远害利食而忘患13．你从本文中获得了哪些启示？（2分）三、现代文阅读(32分)阅读下面的两篇文章，分别回答文后的问题。
（一）中国吉祥物的演化①吉祥物是人类原始文化的产物，是原始的人类在同大自然的斗争中形成的人类原始的文化。
在同大自然的斗争中，人类首先以生存需要为中心，而在发展过程中自然就形成趋吉避邪的本能观念。
面对不可预知的未来，我们的祖先创造了许多用以祈求万事顺利的象征物，而这些向往和追求幸福美好的事物，我们便称他为吉祥物。
②吉祥物是人们在事物固有的属性和特征上，着意加工而成，用以表达人们的情感愿望。
由原物发展成为富于吉庆意味的吉祥物，采用的加工手法多种多样，因此，我国吉祥物具有多重演化特征。
从这些吉祥物中，我们可窥知民族的生活方式和人们共同珍视的事情。
③各种吉祥物由原物衍生成富有吉祥意蕴，可谓意趣无穷。
其手法之一是把事物的外形、特性或实用价值等属性，予以放大或延长，使之具祥瑞的涵义。
吉祥物的这种演化特征我们称之为属性延长性。
以椿树、萱草、芝兰、磐石和竹这“五瑞”为例，庄子说过“上古有大椿者，以八千岁为春，以八千岁为秋”；唐朝诗人牟融也有“堂上椿萱雪满头”的诗句，因椿树的寿命长，人们便把椿树比作父亲，称“椿庭”，更象征老人的长寿。
④“谐音取意”是中国民俗文化形成的又一个重要特征，民间吉祥物更是忠实地运用了“谐音取意”的原则。
以“如意”为例，它是我国特有的吉祥物，本为军旅器物，后渐成民间的“爪杖”，即搔痒工具。
若在一个瓶子里插上如意，即为“平安如意”。
如以两个柿子或狮子配如意，便成“事事如意”。
若画上童子骑象、手持如意，就是（A）“”。
若如意加上盒子与荷花，组成的是“和合如意”。
再如(B)“”，则是如意与柏树和柿子的组合。
⑤很多民间吉祥物的形成还具有传说附会的特征，他们出于民间神话传说：一代又一代的人，透过口耳相传的方式，将故事流传、延续下去，人们对此深信不疑，遂相沿成习。
如民间每于老年人寿诞时送上寿桃，以祝福老人健康、长寿、幸福，这个习俗可以追溯到两千多年前的传说。
相传．．战国时期齐人膑自十八岁离家，拜鬼谷子为师学习兵法，一别家乡十二年，有一年的五月初五才猛然想起正是母亲八十岁的生日，他想：“乌鸦反哺母娘，羊羔吃奶跪乳，禽兽还知恩达礼，我却已经有十二年没有报母亲的养育之恩”,于是向师傅请假回去看望老母，临行前，鬼谷子随手摘了一颗桃子让膑回家献给高堂。
没有想到，膑回家将桃子给老母亲吃后，母亲竟返老还童。
人们听说膑母亲吃了桃子之后变得年轻，也想让自己的父母健康长寿，于是竞相仿效，也都给自己的父母“送寿桃”。
传说是否真实，人们没有去考证，但它所蕴涵的美好寓意，却被人传承下来，绵延不绝。
⑥此外，许多民间吉祥物的衍生是经过历代艺人的艺术加工，常见于绘画篆刻、绣品织物、瓷器皿、描金漆器、建筑饰件与日常家具，深为人们所喜闻乐见。
14.从本文介绍的“具有多重演化特征”的吉祥物中，你“窥知”了“人Array们共同珍视的事情”有哪些。
(3分)15．请从说明方法．．．．的角度，分析第⑤段画线句的表达作用。
（3分）如民间每于老年人寿诞时送上寿桃，以祝福老人健康、长寿、幸福，这个习俗可以追溯到两千多年前的传说。
16．阅读第⑤段，说一说加点词语“相传”能否删去，为什么？（3分）相传．．战国时期齐人膑自十八岁离家，拜鬼谷子为师学习兵法。
17. 结合第④段的容，在（A）(B)两处填写恰当的词语，写到下面的横线上．．．．．．．．。
（2分）（A） (B)18．下列说法中有误．．的一项是（）（3分）A．本文是按照逻辑顺序组织材料进行说明的。
B.文中第③段多处引用，增强文章的可读性，同时更具说服力。
C. 我国吉祥物的多重演化特征，包括：属性延长性、谐音取意、传说附会、艺术加工。
D.民间吉祥物的衍生都是经过历代艺人的艺术加工而成的，深为人们所喜闻乐见。
（二）屋檐下游走的光阴①“茅檐低小，溪上青青草。
醉里吴音相媚好，白发谁家翁媪？大儿锄豆溪东，中儿正织鸡笼。
最喜小儿无赖，溪头卧剥莲蓬。
”闲读宋词，醉于辛弃疾的《清平乐·村居》的美好乡村生活里，更勾起了我对屋檐的美好记忆。
②屋檐，是属于故乡、属于童年的。
③小时候，在故乡的小山村里，住的是泥墙瓦屋顶的老屋，老屋有大大的屋檐，像伞一般守护着我度过快乐的童年。
④每年的春讯是屋檐下的燕子告诉我的。
当屋檐下空寂了一冬的燕巢又响起唧唧喳喳的呢喃，当屋檐下露出几只憨憨的黑色小脑袋、当一个个黑色的剪尾划过屋檐，我便知道，春天来了。
小时候大人告诉我们燕子是益鸟，村里所有人都爱护着燕子，也以燕子在自家的屋檐下筑巢为荣。
那时候我们爱做的一件事就是，挨着各家房子的屋檐寻觅，寻找有没有燕巢。
长大后读诗书，读到唐代诗人皇甫冉的《赋得檐燕》：“拂水竞何忙，傍檐如有意。
翻风去每远，带雨归偏驶。
令君裁杏梁，更欲年年去。
”以及南朝吴均《山中杂诗》中：“鸟向檐上飞，云从窗里出。
”这些诗句，总能勾起我对屋檐与燕子的阵阵怀想。
⑤小时候炎热的夏天，我与外祖母在屋檐下纳凉。
白晃晃的透过屋檐投射到斑驳的泥墙上，光影灵动。
外祖母躺在一凉椅上，我趴在她旁边睡觉，（A）她紧紧．．地握一把葵扇，轻．轻．地摇扇，摇下凉快和无数童年的故事，摇下缓慢流淌的时光。
锄头、铲子、铁耙子，铁叉子静静地靠在泥墙旁，以标点符号的姿势，记录着农家人的农耕岁月。
骄傲的大公鸡在屋檐下昂首挺胸地踱着步，发出动人的声音，谦虚的小花猫在墙根旁安静地睡觉……一切如此安详宁静，仿佛一幅静物工笔画。
⑥屋檐下看雨听雨又是另一番景致。
下雨的时候，屋外是潮湿的世界，大雨顺着屋檐开始流淌，起先是雨珠子，滴滴答答，一声，两声……（B）雨点像多情女子的巧手，屋檐是古琴，轻轻地弹奏出美妙的琴音；慢慢地，变成了雨线，一条，两条……然后变成了雨帘。